Immunostimulating drugs for men. Immunomodulatory drugs - inexpensive and effective

Immunostimulating agents are designed to regulate the body's defenses. Due to a number of diseases, the human immune system does not work properly and does not perform all its functions.

These drugs were invented to help the body’s immune system self-heal. Many of the immunomodulatory drugs have an antiviral effect, and most often they are prescribed when a person suffers from ARVI several times a year.

It should be noted that medical practitioners treat immunomodulators differently. Some see good use in them, while others consider their use useless. You can also find different opinions among patients. To evaluate these drugs, let's look at the most popular immunomodulatory drugs today.

Lycopid

The drug is used in complex treatment regimens for patients. The main indications for its use are: viral hepatitis, herpes, various secondary immunodeficiencies, purulent-inflammatory processes, tuberculosis, psoriasis and others.

The medicine has a powerful effect, therefore it is indicated for both treatment and prevention. Lykopid has cytotoxic activity, exhibits bactericidal properties, and promotes the resorption of small tumors.

1. The drug is available in tablets. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease.
2. In pediatric practice, Likopid is recommended for use from the age of three. In some cases, under the supervision of a doctor, the drug can be used for a child starting from one year of age.
3. In pediatrics, only one dose is allowed - 1 mg per day. For adults, the dose of the drug can vary, reaching up to 20 mg per day.

Pregnancy and lactation are contraindications for use.

The price for Lykopid (1 mg tablets No. 10) is around 230 rubles. For a dosage of 10 mg No. 10 you will have to fork out more; the cost for such a lycopid will be about 1,700 rubles.

Immunal

Immunal contains echinacea. The plant has antiviral, antibacterial, regenerating and anti-inflammatory effects.

Immunal is prescribed for influenza, ARVI, herpes, gynecological problems, and secondary immunodeficiencies. In minimal doses it is used to maintain normal immune function.

Contraindications to the use of Immunal are:

• tubinfection,
• rheumatoid arthritis,
• leukemia,
• allergic reactions,
• various systemic pathologies.

During pregnancy and lactation, the drug is acceptable in extreme cases.

Immunal is produced in tablets, drops, powder, and solution. The doctor selects the necessary form for treatment or prevention.

The price for Immunal (Slovenia) in tablets (No. 20) is 300-350 rubles.

Drops are offered for the youngest patients (from 12 months). Tablets are recommended no earlier than 4 years of age. Some pediatricians believe that it is preferable to use immunostimulating drugs in tablets only after 12 years. Dosing of the drug is carried out according to the instructions.

Kagocel

The drug has antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. Kagocel is similar in action to interferon. It is used to treat ARVI and herpes. Recommended for use from the age of three. The plus of Kagocel is the minimal possible side effects (individual intolerance and allergic reactions).

Depending on the age and disease, the dose of the drug varies.

Kagocel (Russia) is available in tablets. The price per package (No. 10) is an average of 260 rubles. A course of treatment usually requires 10-18 tablets. Treatment of herpes will cost more, approximately 780 rubles.

Viferon

This drug acts comprehensively. The active substance is human recombinant interferon alpha-2. The product has the following properties: immunomodulatory, protective, antiviral, antiproliferative.

The range of applications for Viferon is quite diverse. These are ARVI, viral lesions of mucous and skin surfaces, stenosing laryngotracheobronchitis (in complex therapy), herpes, viral hepatitis, HIV, bronchial asthma, and others.

Viferon has also found widespread use in pediatrics. It is used even in newborns and premature babies.

Depending on the form of the drug, the dose of Viferon has its own characteristics. For example, suppositories are used 1-2 times a day, and gel up to 5 times a day.

The price for Viferon is as follows:

• gel 36000IU/ml 10ml costs about 180 rubles;
• suppositories 1000000IU (No. 10) - 520 rubles;
• ointment 40000IU/g 12g - 180 rubles.

In principle, Viferon can be classified as an inexpensive drug, which makes it popular among patients.

Amiksin

This drug, like many drugs with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties, is an inducer of interferon synthesis. It is used for liver diseases, acute respiratory viral infections, tubinfection and other diseases. It has been noted that amiksin is useful for urological, gynecological and neuroinfections.

The dosage of the drug is determined only by the doctor, because amixin is prescribed differently depending on the day of therapy.

Amiksin has few side effects: allergic reactions, chills, diarrhea.

In pediatrics, the drug is used only from the age of seven. The drug is not prescribed to pregnant women and persons with individual intolerance to the composition of amixin.

Tablets of 60 or 125 mg are available. The price of tablets (60 mg, No. 10) is 550 rubles.

Cycloferon

The drug is an inducer of endogenous interferon. Exhibits antiviral, immunomodulatory, antitumor, anti-inflammatory effects. Cycloferon reduces the content of carcinogens in the blood, and also helps to slow down metastatic processes in malignant neoplasms.

The effectiveness of cycloferon has been proven for hepatitis, HIV, ARVI, herpes, enteroviruses, chlamydia, tick-borne encephalitis and other infections. In systemic diseases, cycloferon exhibits moderate analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The method of application depends on the severity of the infectious process (the instructions for use should be followed).

Contraindications: individual intolerance, allergies, pregnancy, lactation and liver cirrhosis. In pediatrics, the drug is used from 4 years of age.

Cycloferon is available in tablets, liniment and solution for injection. The price, respectively, is 190 rubles (10 tablets), liniment - 105 rubles, ampoules (5 pieces) - 330 rubles.

Thymogen

The drug belongs to the drugs that correct and stimulate the immune system.

The basis of thymogen is glutamine tryptophan. Immunodeficiency states are indications for prescribing this drug. No special contraindications or side effects were found.

Thymogen has three dosage forms: aerosol, injection solution, cream for external use.

The price of the drug depends on the dosage form. Injection solution 0.01% 1 ml No. 5 costs about 330 rubles. The price of cream for external use 0.05% 30g ranges from 270 to 330 rubles. Aerosol 0.025% 10 ml costs about 310 rubles.

Derinat

This drug has established itself as a powerful immunomodulator. The range of its applications is huge. These are oncological processes, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, cardiac pathologies, tubinfection, gynecological and urological infections.

Derinat activates all parts of the immune system and also stimulates regenerative processes. Thanks to derinat, tissue regeneration occurs faster, so this product is prescribed for the treatment of burns and ulcerative processes on the skin.

Dystrophic problems in eye diseases are eliminated faster when taking Derinat.

A big advantage of this remedy is the possibility of its use from the first days of a child’s life, when many medications are contraindicated.

Derinat is available in solution for injection or solution for local and external use.

The course of treatment depends on the disease and can range from 5 to 45 days. In any case, derinat treatment is not carried out independently.

A solution of 0.25% 10 ml for topical use costs about 300 rubles, a solution for injection 1.5% 5 ml No. 5 - 2000 rubles.

Anaferon

The effectiveness of anaferon has been observed in acute respiratory viral infections, bronchopulmonary pathologies, herpes infections, as well as other diseases caused by viral agents. Anaferon is a safe homeopathic drug with high antiviral protection. Bacteria, like viruses, also lose their strength thanks to the “work” of anaferon. Diseases with chronic immunodeficiency are a direct indication for this drug.

Like other immunomodulators, anaferon should not be used during gestation, but if particularly necessary, it can be used in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. This is due to the fact that after the 12th week of pregnancy the fetus is already more protected. The embryonic period passed, the placenta became thicker, and the unborn baby began to gain more body weight.

In pediatrics, anaferon is used once a day. As a rule, the course of treatment lasts a week. The pharmacy chain sells Anaferon for children (in drops and tablets). The form of the drug for therapy is selected by the doctor.

The price for children's and adult anaferon in lozenges (20 pieces) is about 200 rubles, in drops (25 ml) a little more expensive - 250-300 rubles.

Cheap analogues of Anaferon - list.

Lysobacter

The drug is popular in otolaryngology and dentistry. It is based on two active components - lysozyme and vitamin B6. The first fights infection, the second protects the mucous membrane. Despite the fact that lysobact is an antiseptic, its effectiveness in the fight against viruses has been proven more than once. The immunomodulatory effect of lysobact is weak, so it can be safely used during gestation and lactation.

Lysobact is prescribed for infections and inflammation of the pharyngeal space, stomatitis, gingivitis, aphthous ulcerations, and herpes.

Side effects while taking lyzobact appear extremely rarely. Only mild allergic reactions are possible.

The course of treatment lasts about 8 days. The tablets are dissolved slowly under the tongue (sublingually). It is advisable to keep the dissolved mass under the tongue for as long as possible and refrain from eating food and water for several hours.

Tablets are used from 3 to 8 pieces per day. Children from 3 to 7 years old are recommended to take 1 tablet three times. For adults, the following dosage is recommended - 2 tablets 4 times a day.

The price of lyzobact (Bosnia and Herzegovina) No. 10 is 250-320 rubles.

Remantadine

Conclusion

Analyzing our article, it is easy to notice that many drugs have much in common. This is especially true for indications for use. To date, there is still a lot of controversy regarding the use of immunomodulators. There are opinions that the body itself is capable of recovering, and immunomodulators act only as a placebo.

Modern immunostimulating drugs are classified according to their origin into the following groups:

• Herbal remedies - extracts or tinctures of Echinacea, Eleutherococcus, Schisandra, Immunal, etc. These remedies have a mild adaptogenic and immunostimulating effect and are prescribed to patients with immunodeficiencies. When taken prophylactically, such drugs significantly reduce the risk of influenza or respiratory infections, prevent radiation pathology and reduce harm from cytostatics;
• Microbial preparations - Imudon, IRS-19, etc. The drugs act directly on macrophages and monocytes, which, after activation, intensively produce cytokines that trigger immune reactions that promote the elimination of microbes;
• Interferon agents – Anaferon, Viferon. The drugs protect the body from various types of antigenic attacks of bacterial, viral and other origins;
• Synthetic drugs - Amiksin, Trekrezan, etc. Increase overall organic resistance to negative external influences and stimulate immune reactions;
• Endogenous agents – Thymogen, Timalin. These are drugs based on placental or bone marrow cells or thymus. They restore the normal number of blood cells, cause increased interferon production and immune activity.

It is strictly not recommended to take drugs with adaptogenic or immunomodulatory activity on your own; the need for their use should be determined by an immunologist.

Popular drugs

Trekrezan (250 RUR*)

The adaptogenic immunomodulator Trecrezan stimulates interferon production, corrects and improves the patient's immune status. As a result of using the medication:

• Increases the body's endurance during mental and physical stress;
• The toxic effects of various medications and chemicals are reduced;
• The body becomes especially resistant to oxygen deficiency, temperature changes and other aggressive factors.

Thanks to such effects, Trekrezan is successfully used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for respiratory infections, flu or colds. In the presence of stressful influences (for example, lack of oxygen, hypothermia or overheating), it helps to increase the performance and resistance of the body.

This immunomodulator is prescribed for the complex treatment of alcohol withdrawal or heavy metal poisoning. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy, children under 12 years of age and pregnant women with lactose intolerance.

Immunal, Echinacea (300 RUR*)

Immunal contains components of plant origin (echinacea juice). The drug provokes an increase in nonspecific immunity. By activating phagocytosis and increasing leukocytes, the drug inhibits the reproduction and growth of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, Immunal has antiviral activity against herpes or influenza. The preparations Echinacea and Immunal are analogues, having the same active ingredient (extract from the Echinacea herb), so they have a similar effect.

Both drugs are used:

1. When initial signs of influenza or colds occur, as well as for the prevention of these pathologies;
2. In order to improve the immune status during long-term treatment with antibiotics;
3. In the treatment of recurrent genitourinary and respiratory pathologies.

Echinacea is contraindicated in case of autoimmune pathologies, immunodeficiency (HIV), AIDS, multiple sclerosis, hypersensitivity to the plant and its components, children under 12 years of age, in the presence of systemic pathologies such as leukemia, tuberculosis, etc. It is not recommended to take it unless particularly necessary and for pregnant women , because there are no definitive research results on the effect of the drug on the fetus and the course of pregnancy.

Immunal in the form of a solution is contraindicated for children under one year of age, and in tablets for children under 4 years of age. The drug should not be taken if you have autoimmune and systemic pathologies such as AIDS or HIV, multiple sclerosis and leukemia, tuberculosis, etc. Immunal should not be taken by persons who have hypersensitivity or intolerance to echinacea and other components of the drug. Unlike Echinacea, Immunal can be taken by nursing and pregnant women, but only with a doctor's prescription.

Immunomax (800 RUR*)

An effective immunostimulant, under the influence of which there is a threefold increase in the activity of the cellular structures of the immune system. Immunomax increases the body's resistance to viruses like herpes or plague, papillomavirus or parvovirus. In addition, the drug protects the body from bacterial microorganisms such as chlamydia, staphylococci, E. coli, salmonella or mycoplasma, ureaplasma, etc.

Immunomax contraindications:

• Up to 12 years of age;
• Breastfeeding and pregnancy;
• Hypersensitivity to the drug or its individual components.

The drug does not cause any adverse reactions. And in exceptional cases it can be prescribed during pregnancy.

Galavit (tablets RUR 300*, injections RUR 600*)

A modern immunomodulator, which is available in the form of suppositories, tablets and powder for injection solution. The medication has an additional anti-inflammatory effect. Galavit is a synthetic immunostimulant and currently has no analogues. The drug has a broad-spectrum effect:

1. It enhances the production of necessary antibodies;
2. Enhances the production of macrophages, which are distinguished by their ability to eliminate pathogenic pathogens;
3. Increases the production of interferons, which promote resistance to various infections;
4. Has an antioxidant effect;
5. It has hepatoprotective activity, i.e. it protects the liver.

Galavit is contraindicated for use in patients under 6 years of age, nursing, pregnant women, or people intolerant to this medication.

Arbidol (250 RUR*)

An antiviral agent with moderate immunomodulatory activity. The drug is indicated for diseases such as:

• ARVI, severe cases of respiratory diseases complicated by pneumonic or bronchial processes, types of influenza A and B;
• Pneumonic lesions, complex treatment of chronic inflammation of the bronchi, recurrent herpes, pneumonia;
• Restoration and improvement of immune status, prophylactic administration of the drug after surgery;
• In the complex treatment of acute intestinal lesions of rotavirus origin in pediatric patients (over 3 years).

The drug has virtually no contraindications or side effects. It is not prescribed to children under three years of age, as well as to patients hypersensitive to the drug. Among the possible adverse reactions, allergic manifestations are very rarely observed.

Isoprinosine (600 RUR*)

Tablet drug with antiviral and immunostimulating effects. A product of synthetic origin, a purine derivative, used for diseases such as:

1. Papillomavirus, including with lesions of the genital organs and larynx;
2. Various forms of ARVI and influenza;
3. Shingles and chickenpox;
4. Cytomegalovirus;
5. Various modifications of herpesvirus of all types, as well as herpetic keratitis, genital herpetic lesions, etc.;
6. Molluscum contagiosum;
7. Corey;
8. Mononucleosis of infectious origin, etc.

Among the disadvantages of the drug, patients note the presence of adverse reactions in the form of nausea and vomiting syndrome and epigastric pain, itchy sensation on the skin, joint pain and dizziness, sleep disorders and headaches, exacerbations of gout or intestinal disorders. Since the drug causes an increase in urea in the blood, it is contraindicated in cases of urolithiasis, gout, insufficient renal activity and arrhythmia. In addition, Isoprinosine is contraindicated in children weighing less than 20 kg and under 3 years of age.

Imunofan (500 RUR*)

The drug Imunofan is an immunomodulatory drug with hepatoprotective, detoxification, antioxidant and immunostimulating activity. In addition, the drug prevents the occurrence of cellular resistance to antitumor drugs.

The drug is available in the form of injections, rectal suppositories or nasal spray. Imunofan is effective in treating:

• HIV infections;
• Various types of immunodeficiency conditions;
• Papillomavirus;
• Cytomegalovirus;
• Viral hepatitis of various types;
• Herpes;
• In complex antitumor therapy, etc.

The drug is not used in the treatment of children under 2 years of age and pregnant women with a Rhesus conflict with the fetus.

Tiloron (600 RUR*)

The medications Lavomax, Amiksin and Tiloram are analogues, have the same active ingredient (tilorone) and belong to the group of drugs - inducers of interferon synthesis, which have immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. The drugs are produced in tablet form.

1. Lavomax provokes an increase in the formation of antibodies, stimulates bone marrow stem cell structures, and reduces immunosuppressive activity. It is used for herpetic and cytomegalovirus infections, viral hepatitis, respiratory and influenza infections in adult patients. Contraindicated for pregnant women, children and adolescents under 18, and nursing mothers.
2. Amiksin has a similar effect and is able to stop viral reproduction. Can be used in pediatrics from the age of 7, however, it is contraindicated during breastfeeding and pregnancy.
3. Tiloram, like Lavomax, is contraindicated in patients under 18 years of age, pregnant and breastfeeding patients. Adverse reactions sometimes include allergic rashes, slight chills and dyspepsia (digestive disorders).

Timalin (500 RUR*)

The drug is produced in the form of a lyophilisate for the preparation of injection solutions. The active substance of the drug is thymus extract, which is obtained by extracting from the thymus gland of animals.

The drug is effective when it is necessary to restore immune activity. In addition, while taking Timalin, patients experience an improvement in cellular metabolic processes, hematopoiesis is restored and regeneration is accelerated.

Timalin is indicated:

• With a reduced immune status against the background of various types of soft tissue and bone purulent-inflammatory pathologies;
• For infectious lesions of bacterial or viral origin;
• When hematopoietic and immune functions are suppressed due to chemotherapy or radiation treatment of tumor and oncological processes, as well as during long-term antibiotic therapy, etc.

The drug has no contraindications and is not prescribed only to people with hypersensitivity to it. In rare cases, the use of Timalin is accompanied by adverse allergic reactions.

There is an analogue based on the same substance - Taktivin.

Riboxin

It is a metabolic regulator and has antiarrhythmic and antihypoxic activity. As a result of taking the drug, blood circulation in the coronary network is normalized and the energy balance of the heart increases. The active substance is inosine. The drug is used only in adult patients in the treatment of myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia caused by taking cardiac glycosides.

Cytoflavin

A multicomponent preparation containing inosine, succinic acid, vitamins B₂ and PP. Cytoflavin is a metabolic drug that improves tissue nutrition, cellular respiration, and blood circulation. Has anti-ischemic and neuroprotective activity. Produced in tablets and injections, it is used in the treatment of patients of any age. It is not advisable to use in pregnant and lactating patients.

Can pregnant women take it?

Doctors do not have a clear opinion regarding the use of immunomodulators in pregnant women, however, the majority is inclined to believe that they should not be taken. Most of the drugs in this group have been on the pharmaceutical market for a relatively short time, so the long-term side effects of taking them are still unknown.

To increase immunity, it is better for pregnant women to adjust their diet, enriching it with vegetables, herbs and fruits, rationally organize their regime, spend more time walking in the fresh air, etc.

In childhood

In the treatment of children, the use of immunomodulators and adaptogens is justified in the following cases:

• Frequent ARVI, colds and flu;
• In the absence of hyperthermic symptoms during respiratory infections and influenza;
• For sleep disturbances, severe weakness, frequent headaches;
• For food allergies;
• With a noticeable increase in lymph nodes.

Up to 1.5 years of age, immunomodulators are used only in exceptional cases. Older children, strictly according to medical indications, can be given immunomodulators of the interferon group. It is pointless to give specific names of such drugs, because only a pediatrician should prescribe them. As immunostimulants and adaptogens in children, it is better to use natural remedies such as honey, rose hips, garlic or onions, eucalyptus, etc.

General operating principles

Immunomodulatory drugs are intended to balance the level of cellular structures of the immune system in the presence of autoimmune pathologies. These drugs balance the activity of all immune components, if necessary, suppressing their activity or activating it. The action of adaptogens is aimed at increasing the resistance of organic structures to infectious, viral and other types of external influences.

Immunomodulatory drugs are prescribed to patients with serious health problems. There are a number of pathologies against which the body is unable to resist even the simplest infectious lesions. The most famous such pathology is the human immunodeficiency virus. To avoid constant colds and flu with any minor hypothermia, such patients are prescribed immunomodulators.

Premature children also need immunomodulatory therapy, especially when they begin to attend preschool educational institutions. In such a situation, children find themselves in a completely new environment that has its own bacteria and microorganisms, so sometimes during the adaptation period children are prescribed adaptogens, which:

1. Has little effect on nervous system structures;
2. Restore endocrine activity;
3. Accelerate material exchange reactions;
4. Form the body's resistance to adverse external influences;
5. Helps improve performance, tolerance of excessive loads, etc.

At the same time, adaptogenic drugs do not disrupt the processes of normal functioning of the body. They are recommended to be taken by workers in hazardous industries and hard work, athletes and people in a state of stress or depressive disorder. If you take adaptogens during increased mental and physical stress, the drugs will accelerate the body’s adaptation without harm to brain and muscle activity.

Content

According to the accepted definition, immunomodulators are drugs that affect the immune system and change its functioning. They increase immunity, but not unlimitedly, but to the level of the physiological norm. This allows you to cope with many viral, bacterial and endogenous diseases. Immunomodulators can be used by adults and children, but after consultation with a doctor.

What is it prescribed for?

The immune system is a unique structure of the human body that neutralizes foreign antigens that enter from the outside. With the help of immunity, the harmful effects of pathogens of an infectious nature are prevented. Immunomodulatory drugs can improve the functioning of the immune system, activate certain parts of it and reduce the effect of others - this creates an integrated approach.

Human cells respond to virus attacks by producing interferon proteins. They attach to cell membrane receptors and protect against infection. They contain immunomodulators. Interferons can be natural or synthesized, which improve the production of the body's own proteins. Taking medications is strictly dosed, because long-term uncontrolled use can reduce the effect of your immunity.

Immunomodulators are used when it is necessary to increase the body's defenses in various diseases: infections, allergies, oncology, immunodeficiency. In autoimmune diseases, when the immune system malfunctions (starts to work against its own body), such drugs are used to reduce the defenses. They act for a long time. Rules for taking immunomodulatory drugs:

• as part of complex therapy with antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal drugs;
• appointment from day one;
• During therapy, immunological blood tests are regularly carried out;
• They are taken independently at the stage of rehabilitation and recovery.

How are they different from immunostimulants?

Immunomodulators for adults and children are only a small part of all known drugs for influencing the immune system. There are also immunocorrectors, immunostimulants and immunosuppressants. Immunostimulating drugs are those that stimulate the nonspecific resistance of the body and immune system. They only strengthen the immune system and make it work more correctly.

Immunomodulators are used when the immune system malfunctions; they are prescribed exclusively by a doctor. Immunocorrectors affect only some parts of the immune system, but not the whole. Immunosuppressants suppress the functioning of defenses. Any immunostimulant is an immunomodulator, but not vice versa. Experts classify a group of drugs according to their origin and mechanism of action on microorganisms, tumors, and organ systems.

Classification

Based on their origin, immunomodulators are divided into endogenous, exogenous and chemically pure drugs. Their mechanism of action is based on their influence on phagocytosis, T and B immune systems. Detailed characteristics of the types of funds:

1. Endogenous - synthesized in the body itself, a prominent representative is interferon.
2. Exogenous - enter the body from the outside, divided into bacterial (Broncho-munal, Imudon, IRS-19, Ribomunil), plant (Echinacea, Immunal).
3. Synthetic - obtained chemically. These include Polyoxidonium, Levamisole, Galavit, Glutoxim, Poludan.

Another classification of immunomodulatory drugs divides them into generations, according to the time when they were created. These are the groups:

1. First generation - created in the 1950s. These include the BCG vaccine, Prodigiozan, Pyrogenal.
2. The second generation - in the 1970s, representatives of Likopid, Ribomunil, IRS-19, Broncho-munal, Broncho-Vaxom.
3. Third generation - in the 1990s and later. The group includes Sandimmune, Kagocel, Transfer Factor, Gepon, Cellsept, Polyoxidonium, Myfortic, Immunomax.

Release forms

Immunomodulatory drugs are available in different drug formats. Oral forms are popular: tablets, capsules, granules, emulsions, syrups, tinctures. For children and adults suffering from diseases of the genitourinary system, suppositories and ointments are produced. Injection solutions are intended for parenteral administration. Modern medicines are versatile, for example, the drug Gepon is available in the form of a sterile powder, which can be used externally, orally, intranasally, sublingually (under the tongue), or as an enema.

Immune drugs are inexpensive but effective

Not all immunomodulatory drugs are expensive. You can choose inexpensive but effective drugs:

1. Lykopid is a powerful modern immunomodulator that is used in combination with antibiotics. It can be used in pediatrics and even newborns. The medicine is presented in the form of tablets based on glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide. Taken half an hour before meals sublingually at a dose of 1 mg for a course of 10 days. This helps eliminate foci of infection and stop inflammation.
2. Ribomunil is an immunomodulator tablet based on bacterial ribosomes that form a proteoglycan complex. The medication is effective against diseases of the ENT organs, but is contraindicated in autoimmune diseases and under six months of age. Prescribed once a day, 1-3 pcs. course 1-2.5 months.

Immunomodulators of plant origin

Natural immunomodulators are the most ancient of those used in folk medicine. Today they have been modified and included in various anti-infection products. Compared to synthetic ones, herbal medicines act harmoniously on the body. They are obtained from the raw materials of the following herbs:

• licorice;
• mistletoe;
• echinacea (part of the drug Immunorm);
• ginseng;
• Aralia;
• lemongrass;
• thyme;
• pine cones;
• Rhodiola rosea;
• cranberry, rosehip;
• elecampane;
• nettle;
• Melissa;
• birch.

Herbs act on the body gently, gradually, and are recommended for self-medication, but after consultation with a doctor. Popular means of this group are:

1. Immunal is a herbal medicine based on echinacea extract, available in the form of drops and sublingual tablets. Contraindicated for tuberculosis, HIV infection, allergic reactions. Use 1 tablet or 2.5 ml drops 1-3 times a day, the course lasts 1-8 weeks.
2. King Cordyceps - the basis of the drug is the mycelium of the Chinese cordyceps mushroom, which is famous for its immunomodulatory properties due to the content of beta-glucans. The medication is available in capsule format, taken 1 pc. 1-2 times a day 20 minutes before meals. Contraindication for use is individual intolerance to the components.

Synthetic

Synthetic immunomodulators include artificially created proteins that are similar in action to human interferons. These include drugs Levamisole, Isoprinosine and others:

1. Amiksin is an antiviral and immunomodulatory drug based on the substance tilorone, which stimulates the immune system and bone marrow stem cells. Indicated for the treatment of herpes, cytomegalovirus infection, viral hepatitis. Use 125 mg (available in tablet format) once a day for a course of 6 weeks. Contraindicated during pregnancy and in patients under seven years of age, congenital intolerance.
2. Polyoxidonium is a unique medicine that normalizes immunity, which can be prescribed without immunological tests. The drug removes toxins and is indicated for acute and chronic diseases, sore throats, and bronchitis. The product is presented in tablets, suppositories, and powder for preparing a solution with the active substance azoximer bromide. The medicine is prescribed to patients over six years of age, 12 mg every day or every other day.

Endogenous

Drugs that stimulate the production of your own interferon are unique because they act effectively and safely. Endogenous immunomodulatory agents include:

1. Thymalin is a lyophilized powder containing a complex of polypeptide fractions obtained from the thymus gland (thymus) of cattle. A solution is made from the powder and administered intramuscularly. The medicine regulates the number of lymphocytes, enhances phagocytosis, improves the sluggish processes of regeneration and hematopoiesis. The drug is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components; it is indicated for purulent processes, burns, ulcers, pyelonephritis. The drug is administered in fractional doses of 5-20 mg every day for a course of 3-10 days.
2. Thymogen – spray, solution and cream based on thymogen (monosodium salt of glutamyl tryptophan). This dipeptide regulates the reactions of cellular and humoral immunity and is indicated for immunodeficiency and for the prevention of infectious complications. External forms are used for atopic dermatitis. Contraindicated in pregnant and nursing mothers if a burning sensation is felt during use. Dosages for adults are 100 mcg for a course of 3-10 days.

Preparations of microbial origin

Among the popular immunomodulatory drugs are those of microbial origin; their active substances are synthesized by bacteria. Popular ones include Pyrogenal, Likopid, Bronchomunal, Ergoferon and others:

1. IRS-19 is a nasal spray based on bacterial lysates that increases specific and nonspecific immunity. Due to fine spraying, a local immune response quickly develops, immunoglobulin antibodies are formed, and pathogens stop fixing and multiplying on the mucous membrane. The spray can be used from three months of age. Contraindications are pathogenic autoimmune diseases. 1 dose (1 press) is administered per day into each nostril twice for a course of 14 days.
2. Imudon - tablets for resorption in the oral cavity, also containing bacterial lysates. The drug is used topically in dentistry and otolaryngology for inflammatory processes and helps strengthen the immune system. Due to its action, phagocytosis is activated, the number of immunocompetent cells and type A immunoglobulin in saliva increases. The drug is contraindicated for children under three years of age; 8 tablets per day are used for a course of 10 days. When taken, weakness and fever are possible.

Immunomodulators for various diseases

Various immunomodulators are used to treat certain diseases. Thus, for the flu, the use of antiviral agents based on herbal components is indicated, and for colds - bacterial lysates. Universal products are those that contain extracts of echinacea, rose hips, and lemon balm. Caution should be exercised when using products with bee products - they can cause allergic reactions.

For ARVI

Immunomodulators for ARVI, parainfluenza, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases are complex agents with antiviral properties. Popular are rectal suppositories Genferon and Viferon, injection solutions Neovir and Altevir, nasal drops Grippferon, tablets Amiksin and Isoprinosine and others:

1. Arbidol - capsules based on arbidol with an antiviral effect, which induce the synthesis of interferon and stimulate the immune system while weakening the phagocytic activity of macrophages. The product has a prolonged protective effect and is contraindicated for up to two years. Capsules are taken orally at 200 mg per day for a course of 10-14 days.
2. Reaferon - powder for preparing a solution based on interferon alpha, has antiviral activity. Contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the composition, pregnancy, administered intramuscularly, used locally or subconjunctivally. Apply 1 million IU twice a day for a course of 5-6 days.

For HIV

The use of immunomodulators is not able to cope with the human immunodeficiency virus, but it alleviates the condition of a patient with AIDS and activates the immune system. During treatment, the combined use of such drugs with antiretroviral drugs is indicated. Interferons, interleukins, Thymogen, Ampligen, Transfer factor, Thymopoietin, products based on lemongrass, ginseng, aloe, echinacea and others are shown:

1. Taktivin - ampoules with a solution containing thymus extract, which normalizes immunity. The product is contraindicated for pregnant women and can be used from six months of age. It is administered subcutaneously at night, 1 ml for a course of 5-14 days, repeated after 2-3 weeks.
2. Ferrovir is a solution for intramuscular administration based on sodium deoxyribonucleate and ferric oxide chloride. The active substance is obtained from fish milt of sturgeon or salmon species and activates the immune system. The drug is contraindicated in childhood, pregnancy and lactation. It is administered 5 ml twice a day for a course of 14 days, repeated after 1-1.5 months. Reviews for it are positive.

For herpes

Complex therapy with immunomodulators and multivitamins will help to cope with herpes viruses. Leukinferon, Giaferon, Amiksin, Poludan, Polyoxidonium, Ridostin, Likopid and other drugs will eliminate signs of exacerbation of the disease and stimulate the immune system:

1. Viferon is a rectal suppository containing recombinant human alpha interferons. They regulate immunity, increase the activity of killer cells, and inhibit viral replication. The product is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the composition. To treat herpes, use 1 suppository twice a day with an interval of 12 hours. The course lasts 10 days.
2. Galavit – sublingual tablets and powder for the preparation of an intramuscularly administered solution based on sodium aminodihydrophthalazinedione. The drug affects the functional and metabolic activity of macrophages and stimulates the bactericidal activity of granulocytes. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation; it is prescribed 1 tablet 4 times a day or 200 mg by injection for a course of 20-25 procedures.

For HPV

Imiquimod, Derinat, Alpizarin, Likopid, Wobenzym are used in complex therapy of human papillomavirus (HPV). The only way to cope with the disease is through surgery, removing the tumors. Immunomodulators are needed to mobilize the patient's immune system. The use of interferon drugs is indicated:

1. Indinol - capsules containing indole-3-carbinol, causes selective death of cells with abnormally high proliferative activity. The product is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation, and individual intolerance to the components. Take a capsule with meals once a day for 2-3 weeks.
2. Isoprinosine - tablets based on inosine pranobex, which have immunostimulating and antiviral effects. The drug is contraindicated for gout, urolithiasis, arrhythmia, renal failure, up to three years. The medicine is taken 500 mg 4 times a day.

During pregnancy

Immunomodulators in gynecology are used to treat inflammatory urogenital diseases. During pregnancy, many drugs are prohibited. Permitted are:

1. Transfer Factor - the natural composition of the drug includes immunomodulating substances obtained from cow colostrum. The medication is taken one capsule three times a day for 10-60 days. The product should not be used if individual intolerance to the components is detected. No side effects were found for the drug.
2. Derinat is a natural preparation obtained from fish milk, which activates all parts of the immune system and exhibits wound-healing and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used in adults and children for stomatitis, sinusitis, gangrene, burns, hemorrhoids. Available in solution format for injection and external use. The active substance is sodium deoxyribonucleate. You can take 75 mg every 1-3 days.

Immunomodulators for children

Viferon, Amiksin, Polyoxidonium can be used for children. Patients in this category are shown immunomodulatory suppositories for rectal use, granules, tablets and capsules:

1. Bronchomunal - capsules based on bacterial lysate, which stimulates the immune response, reduces the frequency and severity of infections. The drug is indicated for the treatment of respiratory diseases and their prevention. Children 0.5-12 years old are prescribed 3.5 mg per day, over 12 years old - 7 mg.
2. Anaferon – lozenges based on affinity-purified antibodies to human interferon gamma. The product is effective against influenza viruses, herpes, chickenpox, enteroviruses, and tick-borne encephalitis. The drug stimulates the immune response, increases the production of antibodies, and has a homeopathic composition. The tablets are taken three times a day, in case of acute infection - one tablet every half hour for two hours, then three more doses on the first day. For prevention, take one tablet per day.

Modern immunomodulators

Effective agents with immunomodulatory properties are constantly being updated. Popular modern drugs include Lymphomyosot, Ismigen, Kipferon, Ingavirin, Lavomax and others:

1. Gepon is a strong immunomodulator in the format of a lyophilized powder that can be used internally or externally. The drug is based on a synthetic peptide with 14 amino acid residues. The drug has antiviral, immunomodulatory effects, mobilizes macrophages. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy, lactation, and under 12 years of age. The medication is taken 10 mg once a day.
2. Kagocel - tablets based on kagocel, which is an inducer of interferon synthesis and has an antiviral effect. The drug is indicated for the treatment of influenza, colds, herpes, and is contraindicated during pregnancy and under 6 years of age. Take 2 tablets three times a day, the next 2 days - 1 tablet. three times a day for a course of 4 days.

Harm

The benefits of immunomodulators are obvious - they increase the effectiveness of therapy and strengthen the body's defenses. The properties of drugs appear when the dose is selected correctly, but uncontrolled use of drugs leads to harmful consequences. These include:

• depletion of the immune system, decreased immunity;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases, autoimmune diseases (diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, diffuse toxic goiter, bronchial asthma, cirrhosis).

Price

The cost of immunomodulators varies depending on the composition and form of release. Approximate prices in Moscow will be:

Name, release form	Internet price, rubles	Pharmacy price tag, rubles
Derinat external drops 10 ml
Immunal drops 50 ml
Amiksin tablets 125 mg 10 pcs.
Timalin powder 10 ampoules of 5 ml
IRS-19 spray 20 ml
Anaferon 20 tablets
Ferrovir vials 5 ml 5 pcs.
Viferon candles 10 pcs.
Indinol capsules 300 mg 60 pcs.
Ribomunil tablets 12 pcs.
Bronchomunal capsules 7 mg 30 pcs.
Kagocel tablets 12 mg 10 pcs.

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Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give treatment recommendations based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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What are immunomodulators - list of drugs

To boost immunity and strengthen the body's defenses, doctors recommend the use of immunomodulators. Today the list of such drugs is extensive, so a description of their action will help you choose the right remedy.

Immunomodulators are substances that stimulate the human immune system to fight infections of various etymologies. They are used only on the recommendation of the attending physician, provided that the body is not able to cope with the disease on its own.

Typically, taking such drugs is necessary for severe degrees of various diseases, as well as ailments directly related to the functioning of the immune system.

Advantages

Immunomodulators (the list of drugs will be indicated later in the article) are one of the most important drugs used in medicine.

Immunomodulators, the list of drugs of which we will consider below, help strengthen the immune system.

Among their advantages are:

• assistance in alleviating the course of serious illnesses;
• activation of the body's defenses in an unfavorable environment;
• acceleration of the recovery period after injuries or surgical interventions;
• preventing the development of tumors;
• influence on the healing process, provided that essential medications are taken.

Types of immunomodulators

There are 2 types of drugs that affect the functioning of the human immune system:

1. Immunomodulators.
2. Immunosuppressants.

The first substances help strengthen existing immunity or are aimed at creating immunity to a specific pathogen.

Thus, immunomodulators are drugs that are designed to increase the resistance of the immune system.

Immunosuppressants destroy immunity to a particular virus if the immune system begins to attack the body. This happens in the case of autoimmune diseases, after an organ transplant, or in serious illnesses.

Local preparations

Immunomodulators (the list of drugs is in the table) of local action are designed to enhance resistance to viruses of the external mucous membranes of the body. Such drugs act through the upper respiratory tract of a person: the nose and throat.

Most local immunostimulants are produced in the form of sprays for greater coverage of the mucous membranes, so they are most often used in the treatment of children and the elderly.

The highest quality topical preparations are considered to be:

Systemic agents

Systemic immunomodulators begin to develop general immunity after the components of the substance are absorbed into the blood and tissues of the body. Such drugs are taken orally or sublingually, many of them require use according to a schedule.

Preparations:

• Amiksin;
• Polyoxidonium;
• Immunal;
• Cycloferon;
• Kagocel.

Classification

Drugs that stimulate the immune system are divided according to their composition and origin. Endogenous immunomodulators are produced in the body, and exogenous ones enter it from the outside. Each of these types differs in other factors.

Exogenous:

• bacterial;
• vegetable;
• synthetic.

Endogenous:

• thymic;
• bone marrow;
• interleukins;
• cytokines;
• immunoglobulins;
• interferon inducers;
• interferons;
• other substances.

Synthetic drugs

Synthetic immunomodulators are produced by combining chemical reactions with the participation of artificial components. Based on their origin, they are divided into bacterial and fungal.

Immunostimulants of exogenous origin:

• Levamisole;
• Poludan;
• Cycloferon;
• Ridostin;
• Glutoxim;
• Polyoxidonium;
• Yodantipyrine;
• Neovir;
• Diucifon.

Endogenous agents

Immunomodulators (the list of endogenous drugs is given below) of this group are obtained from bone marrow, thymus and blood products. They contain components that provoke the body to develop protective forces against pathogens.

These include:

• Timalin;
• Betaleikin;
• Taktivin;
• Roncoleukin;
• Myelopid;
• Affinoleukin.

Interferons

Interferons are protein substances that body cells create to fight viruses. The production of interferons is caused by the action of real bacteria and viruses or the influence of synthetic drugs that attack the human immune system.

Among them are:

Products of microbial origin

The peculiarity of immunomodulators of this type is that they contain in small doses elements of the main infectious agents, such as Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella and Streptococcus.

They are used as preventive medications aimed at developing immunity to diseases of the upper respiratory tract, treating complicated bronchial asthma and chronic tonsillitis.

Such products can be used even by children from six months of age.

Microbial immunomodulators:

• IRS-19;
• Ribomunil;
• Imudon;
• Lycopid.

Plant adaptogens

Adaptogens are substances that adapt the body to unfavorable conditions:

• stress;
• cold or heat;
• strong physical or mental stress.

Adaptogens of plant origin are herbs or roots that have tonic and restorative properties. They help improve the functioning of the human immune system and reduce the likelihood of contracting colds.

The following plants have adaptogenic qualities:

• ginger;
• Schisandra chinensis;
• Rhodiola rosea;
• Echinacea purpurea;
• rose hip;
• ginseng;
• sea ​​​​buckthorn;
• Eleutherococcus;
• astragalus.

When is the use of immunomodulators relevant?

It is advisable to use immunomodulators (a list of drugs with indications for use will help you choose the appropriate drug) only for their intended purpose and in the dosage specified by the treating physician.

Initially, such funds were used in the following cases:

Taking medications for allergies suggests the presence of secondary intolerance - an allergic reaction complicated by another disease. For autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressants are used. Their action is aimed at relieving the inflammatory process and eliminating its symptoms.

Immunodeficiencies are indicated by frequent relapses of chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases. In such cases, the use of immunomodulators will be justified.

Rating of immunostimulating agents for women, men and children

Despite the fact that most immunomodulators are considered drugs with a general spectrum of action, some of them have their own specifics. Medicines prescribed to children are used to treat and prevent colds.

Men and women are offered drugs for adults that not only have a protective function, but are also used in the treatment of gynecological, urogenital and proctological ailments.

Place	Children	Women	Men
1	IRS 19	Galavit	Timalin
2	Viferon	Polyoxidonium	Genferon
3	Anaferon for children	Arbidol	Ribomunil
4	Groprinosin	Immunal	Imunofan
5	Laferobion	Transfer factor	Cycloferon
6	Aflubin	Epigen Intim	Kipferon
7	Derinat	Lavomax	Tsitovir-3
8	Grippferon	Inoprinosine	Ergoferon

Lycopid

The drug has an immunostimulating effect by destroying harmful microorganisms and stimulating the defenses of the natural human immune system.

Its advantage is that it can be used in the treatment of children from the moment of birth. The scope of use of the product in pediatrics is pneumonia and viral hepatitis.

Indications:

• lung diseases;
• herpevirus;
• chronic viral infections;
• tuberculosis;
• diseases of the uterus due to HPV;
• vaginitis (fungal and bacterial);
• genital tract infections.

Immunal

A herbal remedy based on echinacea extract. It activates the protective processes of the immune system, contributing to the destruction of pathogenic organisms.

Popular for ARVI, flu and colds. It can also be used to support health during or after taking antibiotics. Contraindications include tuberculosis, cancer and immunodeficiencies.

Kagocel

It is one of the interferon inducers. Such substances provoke the body's immune system to produce its own interferon. The drug is most effective for diseases of the lungs and upper respiratory tract, as well as herpes.

You should start taking it from the 1st day of infection, but no later than the 4th day.

Viferon

An effective drug used to treat representatives of all ages, starting from the neonatal period. The product is available in the form of suppositories or ointments. Stimulates the immune system to fight pathogens and has an antiviral effect. Compared to other immunomodulators, it can be used during pregnancy.

The medication is prescribed for:

• ARVI;
• inflammatory processes;
• infectious diseases;
• hepatitis;
• chlamydial infection.

Amiksin

The medication provokes the body’s production of all types of interferon. A day after the start of administration, the amount of the substance increases and begins to fight infection. A special feature is that the drug is not excreted from the body for about 2 months after completion of the course, providing a therapeutic effect during this period.

Used to treat:

Cycloferon

The drug stimulates the necessary components of the immune system, affecting the production of interferon, which remains active for 2 days. The drug is produced in the form of ointments, tablets and solution for intravenous administration. It has anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects and is used for immunotherapy.

It is effective in treating the following diseases:

• flu;
• pneumonia;
• hepatitis;
• ulcer;
• erysipelas;
• chlamydia;
• cytomegalovirus;
• herpes;
• tick-borne encephalitis;
• autoimmune diseases.

Thymogen

A thymic immunomodulator, used primarily for diseases characterized by immunodeficiency.

Prescribed for:

• chronic and acute stages of bronchitis and pneumonia;
• burns of various etymologies;
• atopic dermatitis and skin diseases;
• complications and sepsis of epidermal damage.

It is also used as a maintenance drug during chemotherapy and radiation, preventing infection with infectious diseases. Can be used in pediatrics from the age of six months.

Derinat

The medication strengthens the immunity of body cells, preventing the penetration of fungi, viruses and bacteria. It also helps restore organs and tissues damaged by fungal, microbial and viral pathogens. Used from the first months of life.

In addition to the fight against ARVI and colds, the drug has a positive effect in the treatment of such ailments:

• tuberculosis;
• stomach ulcer;
• duodenal ulcer;
• ischemia;
• prostatitis;
• oncological diseases.

Anaferon

Homeopathic medicine with immunomodulatory properties. Prevents the proliferation of pathogenic microflora and stimulates the immune system. Available in tablet form for adults over 18 years of age and for children.

It is used for both treatment and prevention of diseases.

A special feature of the product is the absence of contraindications and minimal risk of an allergic reaction to the components.

Indications for use:

Lysobacter

The medicine was produced based on an enzyme present in human saliva. Available in the form of lozenges.

The drug effectively fights diseases of the oral cavity:

• angina;
• tonsillitis;
• glossitis;
• gingivitis;
• pharyngitis;
• stomatitis.

Remantadine

An antiviral drug that affects the immune defenses. Interferes with the activity of pathogens after entering the body's cells.

Used for the prevention and treatment of:

• flu;
• ARVI;
• tick-borne encephalitis.

Ergoferon

The drug has anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Has antihistamine and immunomodulator properties. Improves the functioning of the body's immune system due to its complex action. Suitable for preventive use during influenza epidemics.

Purpose:

• meningococcus;
• herpes;
• tick-borne encephalitis;
• rotavirus;
• pseudotuberculosis;
• flu;
• ARVI;
• whooping cough;
• parainfluenza;
• tuberculosis.

Features of the use of immunomodulators for different conditions

For chronic infections, drugs that activate the immune system are prescribed simultaneously with antiviral and antibacterial agents. A special group of diseases is represented by viral and acute bacterial infections. When treating them, it is necessary to avoid endogenous thymic drugs and cytokines.

Immunomodulators are used as restorative therapy for:

• severe, long-term colds;
• complications of acute infectious diseases;
• oncological diseases.

During pregnancy, most immunostimulating drugs are prohibited. The exception is drugs such as Viferon, Derinat or adaptogens.

For oncology

Immunomodulators are used in the treatment of cancer as supportive drugs that help restore the body's strength after chemotherapy and radiation procedures.

They reduce the toxic effect of antitumor drugs and increase the number of leukocytes in the patient’s blood, thus eliminating intoxication. Among the list of drugs used in oncology are Polyoxidonium, Imunofan and Galavit.

Immunomodulators are also used for:

1. Reducing the likelihood of metastases.
2. Postoperative rehabilitation.
3. Immunosuppressive effects on malignant neoplasms.

For herpes virus infection

Taking immunomodulators for the herpes virus is advisable if the disease recurs more than 8-10 times a year and is characterized by a severe course. Drugs are used for any type of herpetic infection. It is important to consult with a dermatologist or therapist in advance to determine the type of disease and select the appropriate immunostimulant.

The main condition for treating herpes with the help of immunomodulators is taking drugs against the background of antiviral therapy. The use of drugs that affect the immune system does not cure the virus, but reduces the frequency of relapses and shortens the recovery period.

For human papillomavirus

The human papillomavirus (HPV) enters the body during a period when the body's defenses are reduced due to colds or other diseases. With subsequent infection with any disease, the body does not provide enough strength to fight, as a result of which growths appear on the skin.

HPV is especially dangerous for women. Some strains of this virus damage the cervix and cause cancer.

With timely removal of papillomas and concomitant treatment with immunomodulators, it is possible to recover from HPV within 2-3 years. For therapy, herbal products and interferon preparations are used.

For colds

Most often, immunomodulators are prescribed for colds in adults and children. It is important to use such drugs for frequently recurring diseases that are characterized by the appearance of complications, rapid subsequent infection or transition to a chronic stage.

For the treatment of influenza and colds, complex drugs are prescribed that have antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. The most applicable group of agents are interferons and their inducers. They compact the cell membrane and prevent the penetration of viruses. Such immunomodulators are called the safest, with a minimum number of side effects.

It is worth remembering that the emphasis should be on preventing colds with the help of herbal adaptogens, since excessive intake of immunostimulants can lead to depletion of the body’s own defenses.

For other diseases

In addition to treating a number of major diseases, immunomodulators are used for therapy:

It is prohibited to take drugs of this type for the following diseases:

1. Immunoglobulin alpha nephropathy.
2. Dry syndrome.
3. Autoimmune hepatitis.
4. Bronchial asthma of some types.
5. Cirrhosis.
6. Diabetes.
7. Myasthenia.
8. Hypocorticism.

Immunomodulators are serious drugs that should be used only as directed by the treating physician. The list of drugs with an immunomodulatory effect is quite large, so choosing the necessary medication will not be difficult.

Article format: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about immunomodulators

Immunomodulators - medical deception or misconception:

Immunomodulators

Immunostimulants – stimulate immune reactions, increase immunity.

Immunosuppressants – lower the immune system.

Thus, any immunostimulant is an immunomodulator, but not every immunomodulator is an immunostimulant.

In any case, it is more correct to use the term “immunomodulators”, since the increase in immunity with the help of immunostimulants is not unlimited, but only to the level of the physiological norm.

Selected immunomodulatory drugs

Trekrezan (250 RUR*)

Instructions and reviews

The adaptogenic immunomodulator Trecrezan stimulates interferon production, corrects and improves the patient's immune status. As a result of using the medication:

• Increases the body's endurance during mental and physical stress;
• The toxic effects of various medications and chemicals are reduced;
• The body becomes especially resistant to oxygen deficiency, temperature changes and other aggressive factors.

Thanks to such effects, Trekrezan is successfully used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for respiratory infections, flu or colds. In the presence of stressful influences (for example, lack of oxygen, hypothermia or overheating), it helps to increase the performance and resistance of the body.

This immunomodulator is prescribed for the complex treatment of alcohol withdrawal or heavy metal poisoning. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy, children under 12 years of age and pregnant women with lactose intolerance.

Immunal, Echinacea (300 RUR*)

Immunal contains components of plant origin (echinacea juice). The drug provokes an increase in nonspecific immunity.

By activating phagocytosis and increasing leukocytes, the drug inhibits the reproduction and growth of pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, Immunal has antiviral activity against herpes or influenza.

The preparations Echinacea and Immunal are analogues, having the same active ingredient (extract from the Echinacea herb), so they have a similar effect.

Derinat

Derinat is a powerful natural drug obtained from fish milt. Under its influence, all parts of the immune system are activated. In addition, Derinat has anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. Approved for use by both adults and children.

Available in the form of a solution for external use and a solution for injection.

More information about the drug Derinat

Polyoxidonium

Use of immunomodulators

Immunomodulators are used mainly to increase the body's defenses in various diseases:

• chronic, indolent infections;
• allergic diseases;
• tumors;
• states of immunodeficiency.

But in some cases (with autoimmune diseases, when the immune system begins to work not against “external enemies”, but against one’s own body), immunomodulators are used to reduce immunity.

The use of immunomodulators is based on the following principles:

• As part of complex treatment, in parallel with the prescription of antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal and other means.
• Appointment from the first day of treatment.
• Under the control of immunological blood tests.
• Separately, without other drugs, immunomodulators are used at the stage of rehabilitation and recovery after illness.

Treatment with immunomodulators is not quite the correct term. These drugs do not cure the disease - they only help the body overcome it. The effect of immunomodulators on the human body is not limited to the period of illness - it continues for a long time, for years.

Lycopid

The drug is used in complex treatment regimens for patients. The main indications for its use are: viral hepatitis, herpes, various secondary immunodeficiencies, purulent-inflammatory processes, tuberculosis, psoriasis and others.

The medicine has a powerful effect, therefore it is indicated for both treatment and prevention. Lykopid has cytotoxic activity, exhibits bactericidal properties, and promotes the resorption of small tumors.

1. The drug is available in tablets. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease.
2. In pediatric practice, Likopid is recommended for use from the age of three. In some cases, under the supervision of a doctor, the drug can be used for a child starting from one year of age.
3. In pediatrics, only one dose is allowed - 1 mg per day. For adults, the dose of the drug can vary, reaching up to 20 mg per day.

Pregnancy and lactation are contraindications for use.

The price for Lykopid (1 mg tablets No. 10) is around 230 rubles. For a dosage of 10 mg No. 10 you will have to fork out more; the cost for such a lycopid will be about 1,700 rubles.

Classification of immunomodulators

Endogenous

(synthesized in the body itself). A representative of this group is interferon.

Exogenous

(enter the body from the environment):

• bacterial: Bronchomunal, IRS-19, Ribomunil, Imudon;
• herbal: Immunal, “Echinacea liquidum”, “Echinacea compositum SN”, “Echinacea VILAR”.

Synthetic drugs

(representatives: Levamisole, Polyoxidonium, Glutoxim, Galavit, Poludan and d/r).

Another classification divides immunomodulators into generations, according to the chronological order of their creation: I. First generation drugs (created in the 50s of the 20th century): BCG vaccine, Pyrogenal, Prodigiozan.

II. Second generation drugs (created in the 70s of the 20th century): Ribomunil, Bronchomunal, Broncho-Vaxom, Likopid, IRS-19.

III. III generation drugs (created in the 90s of the 20th century): this group includes the most modern immunomodulators - Kagocel, Polyoxidonium, Gepon, Myfortic, Immunomax, Cellsept, Sandimmune, Transfer Factor, etc. All these drugs, except Transfer Factor, have narrowly targeted use, and they can only be used as prescribed by a doctor.

Immunal

Immunal contains echinacea. The plant has antiviral, antibacterial, regenerating and anti-inflammatory effects.

Immunal is prescribed for influenza, ARVI, herpes, gynecological problems, and secondary immunodeficiencies. In minimal doses it is used to maintain normal immune function.

Contraindications to the use of Immunal are:

• tubinfection,
• rheumatoid arthritis,
• leukemia,
• allergic reactions,
• various systemic pathologies.

During pregnancy and lactation, the drug is acceptable in extreme cases.

Immunal is produced in tablets, drops, powder, and solution. The doctor selects the necessary form for treatment or prevention.

Manufacturers are trying to give modern immunomodulators a form that is convenient for use. For example, Gepon is available in the form of a sterile powder contained in bottles. This provides a wide choice of methods of administering the drug: externally, orally, sublingually, in an enema, by instillation into the nose or by irrigation.

Lysobacter

The drug is popular in otolaryngology and dentistry. It is based on two active components - lysozyme and vitamin B6.

The first fights infection, the second protects the mucous membrane. Despite the fact that lysobact is an antiseptic, its effectiveness in the fight against viruses has been proven more than once.

The immunomodulatory effect of lysobact is weak, so it can be safely used during gestation and lactation.

Lysobact is prescribed for infections and inflammation of the pharyngeal space, stomatitis, gingivitis, aphthous ulcerations, and herpes.

Side effects while taking lyzobact appear extremely rarely. Only mild allergic reactions are possible.

The course of treatment lasts about 8 days. The tablets are dissolved slowly under the tongue (sublingually). It is advisable to keep the dissolved mass under the tongue for as long as possible and refrain from eating food and water for several hours.

Tablets are used from 3 to 8 pieces per day. Children from 3 to 7 years old are recommended to take 1 tablet three times. For adults, the following dosage is recommended - 2 tablets 4 times a day.

The price of lysobact (Bosnia and Herzegovina) No. 10 is 250–320 rubles.