Just a few minutes a day is enough for special eye exercises. Simple tips will “insure” you against long and expensive treatment. We offer you 30 simple tips, how to preserve and improve vision.
Myopia and farsightedness are the main vision disorders. Both of these conditions cause a lot of inconvenience and discomfort, because... you need to either buy and carry glasses with you, or constantly have contact lenses, or squint.
Often in old age, presbyopia occurs - age-related weakening of vision, which is caused by hardening of the lens. At the same time, it is more difficult to see an object up close, but farsightedness remains.
1 - So that your eyes don’t hurt, get tired less and look beautiful, feed them with vitamins A, B, C and D. Make sure your diet includes buckwheat and oatmeal, milk, cottage cheese, cheese, eggs, cream, sour cream, sea fish, liver, wholemeal bread, carrots, potatoes, cabbage, green onions, parsley, white cabbage, beans, green peas, sprouted wheat grains, sunflower seeds, green onions, parsley.
2 - Get rid of chronic infectious diseases.
Z - Once a week is mandatory visit the pool.
4 - Ask someone at home to do it for you every evening massage of the collar area: let them knead their neck, shoulders, and trapezius muscles with their fingers.
5 - For myopia over 3 diopters avoid intense physical activity, sudden movements, heavy lifting.
6 — Watch the lighting in which you work: there should always be at least two strong light sources with a power of at least 100 W (do not use fluorescent lamps) - for example, a chandelier and a table lamp.
7 – Great for relieving stress perforation training glasses(they can be bought in specialized stores).
8 - At least once every six months undergo ophthalmological diagnostics— Ultrasonic measurement of the longitudinal size of the eye.
Gymnastics for the eyes
9 - For those who spend a lot of time outside, The following exercises will help. They are performed by turning away from the screen or turning it off. Sitting position, hands on knees. Close your eyes, strongly tensing your eye muscles. Then open them, look up, then down. Repeat five times.
10 — Make circular movements with your eyes clockwise. Repeat five times. And in the opposite direction.
11 - Slowly close your eyes, also slowly open them and look at the tip of your nose. Repeat five times.
12 - Blink your eyes quickly for 15 seconds.
13 – Don’t sit at the computer for long periods of time and in front of the TV, and if such a load is unavoidable, take short breaks every 30-40 minutes to do eye exercises.
14 - For example, like this. Sit up straight, relax all your muscles, put your elbows on the table. Gently cover with your hands, the center of the right palm is opposite the right eye, the center of the left is opposite the left, close the eyelids. The fingers are pressed tightly against each other, cross them on the forehead or point them upward, breathing is even and calm. Think about good things, you can turn on some nice music. Ideally, it will take at least a minute or two to relax. After completing the exercise, remove your palms from your face and do not open your eyes immediately, let them gradually get used to the light. Only after 10-20 seconds lift your eyelids.
15 - This exercise is best done while sitting, but can be done lying down or standing. Relax the muscles of your whole body, close your eyes. Imagine that the tip of your nose is a pen. Now write different letters, names of cities and countries in the air with your “pen”, draw whatever you want. Duration of exercise — from a few seconds to 2-5 minutes.
16 – Unfocus your eyes without concentrating it on any one subject. Bend your elbows so that your palms are just below eye level, open your fingers. Make smooth turns with your head left and right, while looking through your fingers, into the distance, and not at them. Let your gaze glide without lingering on anything. If you do everything correctly, your fingers will “float” past you. Alternately make three turns with your eyes open and three with your eyes closed. Repeat the exercise 20-30 times, breathe evenly and calmly.
17 - Lie down. Stretch your whole body, roll from side to side several times, breathe deeply and calmly. Open your eyes and mouth wide nine times. Close your eyes tightly nine times, blink nine times. “Draw with your nose” for a minute or two.
Every hour during the day take a short break for eye exercises. For example, stand facing a wall a meter away from it and, without turning your head, quickly move your gaze from the upper right corner to the lower right corner 10-20 times, then from the upper left corner to the lower left corner and so on, as if drawing a figure with your gaze.
19 – “Office options”:
Place some on the far corners of the table and look from one to the other. Or look at a bright light for three seconds, then close your eyes with your palms, count to 50. Repeat 5-10 times. Look out the window at some object at a great distance from you, look at it carefully for 10 seconds, then look at your palm, trying to see the thinnest lines on it. Repeat 15 times.
20 - In the evening before going to bed, sit on a chair. Straighten your back, gradually relax your muscles torso and face. Look straight ahead into the distance, out a window or at a wall. Focus on your eyes, just make sure they don't strain. Take a deep, slow breath (diaphragm breathing) - direct your gaze between your eyebrows. Fix your eyes in this position for 3-5 seconds. Exhale slowly - return your eyes to their original position, close them for 2-3 seconds. After 2-3 weeks, begin to increase the duration of the gaze delay by 1-2 seconds; after six months of regular exercise, it can reach 3-5 minutes.
A prerequisite for many exercises is relaxation. This is not possible right away. Be patient and take time!
21 — Evening “exercise for the eyes” You can diversify like that. Take a deep breath - look at the tip of your nose. Fix your gaze for 3-5 seconds. Exhale slowly - return your eyes to their original position, close them for 2-3 seconds.
22 - Take a deep breath - slowly turn your eyes to the right all the way (just don’t strain them under any circumstances!). Exhale slowly - return your eyes to their original position. Repeat the exercise by turning your eyes to the left, then, returning to the starting position, close them for 2-3 seconds. At first, it is enough to perform the exercise once, after two to three weeks - twice, after another two weeks and then - three times.
23 - Take a deep breath - look at the upper right corner of the imaginary square, the upper and lower sides of which are at the level of your forehead and chin, respectively. Exhale slowly - return your eyes to their original position. Repeat the exercise, directing your gaze to the lower left corner, then, returning to the starting position, close them for 2-3 seconds. Now do the exercise starting from the top left corner.
24 - Take a deep breath - lower your eyes down, then slowly turn them clockwise, stopping at the highest point. Exhale slowly - continue to turn your eyes clockwise down to the lowest point. Return to the starting position, close your eyes for 2-3 seconds. Start with one circle, after two or three weeks do two or three continuously, one after the other. Repeat, turning your eyes counterclockwise.
Phytotherapy
25 - For farsightedness, increased fatigue and swelling of the eyes, apply compresses of strong cold tea or chamomile decoction to the eyes (1 h. l. per glass of boiling water, leave 30 min, strain). Boil a hard-boiled egg, cut in half, remove the yolk and place the warm white halves with the cut side on the eyes (so that the eye is in the “hole”).
26 - With progressive to her myopia, pour 1 tbsp of boiling water over a glass. l. cinnamon rosehip flowers, leave for 1 hour, strain. Rinse your eyes two to three times a day. It helps to bandage several fresh or previously soaked coriander leaves in warm water to each eye for 10-20 minutes. Repeat the procedure two to three times daily for 6 months.
27 - For stable myopia or farsightedness, pour 1 liter of vodka with 2 tbsp. l. ginger, leave in a dark place for 3-4 weeks, strain. Take tincture 1 tbsp. l. in the morning on an empty stomach. The course of treatment is at least 6 months.
28 — There are other useful infusions. Pour 1-2 tbsp of boiling water over a glass. l. calamus, cook over low heat for minutes 5-7, strain, cool. Drink the decoction 1-2 glasses a day instead of water or tea 3 month. Carry out the course of treatment annually.
And further. Pour a liter of water into a glass of red clover inflorescences, cook over low heat for 5-7 minutes, strain, and cool. Drink at least 2 tbsp per day. decoction
29 - For presbyopia, pour 1 tbsp. l. average chickweed 1-1.5 tbsp. boiling water and leave for 1-2 hours, filter thoroughly. Make compresses with warm infusion daily.
30 - You can also dilute fresh May honey with boiled water in a ratio of 1:10 and instill one drop of the solution into each eye twice a day, in the morning and in the middle of the day.
How is it treated
In most cases, drug treatment is not required for myopia or farsightedness. It is necessary only when vision deterioration is associated with prolonged overstrain and spasms of the eye muscles. Then the doctor prescribes relaxing medications - mydriatics (atropine) and vitamin therapy (vitamins A and D). Often this is enough. In old age, with the development of presbyopia, vitamin therapy and drugs that improve general blood supply are also recommended.
Test yourself
Early symptoms of myopia:
To see some distant object, you have to squint hard, significantly straining your eyes. At the first sign of myopia, consult an ophthalmologist. The doctor will determine the degree of decrease in visual acuity:
up to 3 diopters – weak myopia;
up to 6 diopters – average myopia;
more than 6 diopters - severe myopia.
Signs of farsightedness:
The appearance of a dull pain in the forehead and around the eyes;
Headache;
Feeling of pressure in the eyes;
The letters merge when read.
With the help of vision, a person receives up to 90 percent of information about the world around him.
Therefore, any impairment of visual function significantly reduces the quality of life.
One of the consequences of working long hours at a computer is the so-called computer visual syndrome (CVS). It is characterized by blurred vision, fatigue when reading, burning and redness of the eyes.
A widespread type of GLC is asthenopia. It usually develops in those who work a lot at the computer and are forced to read for a long time.
Asthenopia is accompanied by pain in the eyes, lacrimation, redness of the eyelids and eyeballs. The risk of its occurrence is increased by visual impairments such as farsightedness, nearsightedness and astigmatism.
Also, people who spend a lot of time at the computer develop dry eye syndrome. This happens due to the fact that a person reading from a screen blinks less often, which means he does not sufficiently moisturize the cornea. In addition, dry conditioned air, dust and exhaust gases in the atmosphere of large cities, as well as exposure to tobacco smoke.
Dry eye syndrome also develops with pathology of the thyroid gland and other hormonal disorders. Its main symptoms: pain in the eyes, a feeling of “sand” under the eyelids, burning, itching, photophobia.
Effect of age
Deterioration of vision, rapid eye fatigue and pain can also be a consequence of age-related changes. This is usually called presbyopia– decreased vision at close range. This disorder can be corrected by selecting glasses or lenses.
Smoking and alcohol
Under the influence of toxic substances from tobacco smoke, damage occurs to the optic nerve and retina of the eye. In addition, the smoke itself irritates the mucous membranes of the eyes and eyelids, so the smoker's eyes often water and look inflamed.
More common in smokers color vision disorder, which may affect a person’s professional suitability. For example, such a person cannot work as a driver, since the driver must clearly distinguish between the colors red, yellow and green.
In addition, smoking leads to vision deterioration and even complete loss. Ophthalmologists even have a special term - "tobacco blindness".
Alcohol is a strong neurotoxin that has a detrimental effect on the entire brain. And in particular - to the areas of the cerebral cortex responsible for visual perception. In ophthalmology there is a concept alcohol intoxication of the optic nerve.
How to preserve vision?
1. Regularly visit ophthalmology offices in clinics and health centers equipped with modern diagnostic equipment. Many diseases, such as glaucoma, are best diagnosed as early as possible to preserve vision for a long time.
2. Correct arrange your workplace, organize lighting, select
In the 21st century, the load on vision has increased enormously compared to the entire history of mankind. Most people spend their entire working day in front of a monitor, and the rest of the time they spend looking at smartphone screens. In this regard, it is especially necessary to maintain eye health and vigilance.
How to keep your eyes healthy
Check your eye condition
The difference between the eyes and other sense organs is that the manifestations of various vision diseases may not be felt for a long time. Therefore, first of all, you must be sure that your eyes are not at risk of any diseases. To do this, vision must be checked by an ophthalmologist at least 1-2 times a year.
By the way, if you haven't seen an ophthalmologist in several years, do so as soon as possible. It is important to understand that the eyes are susceptible to more diseases than it seems at first glance, so some small deviations can be found in almost everyone. The main thing is to always take action on time and follow the doctor’s recommendations, and then eye diseases will not take you by surprise.
Don't overload your eyesight
Every year, more and more people spend their workday looking at a computer monitor. Of course, there is the opportunity to change jobs, but just a few simple tricks can help you not once again subject your eyesight to excessive stress:
- every hour of working at the computer, take a break for 2-3 minutes, during which you completely take your eyes off the monitor;
- in the middle of the working day - for example, during a lunch break, give your eyes a good rest for 30-40 minutes, during which you also completely take your mind off the monitor;
— position the computer screen so that its middle is slightly below eye level because In this position, vision is subject to minimal strain.
Train your eye muscles
It is known that eye exercises help maintain eye health and even improve vision, but few of us actually devote at least 10-20 minutes a week to this activity.
If you want to live your whole life with good vision, then a few simple eye exercises 3-4 times a week are a must. This is due to the fact that the eyes, like the whole body, depend on the work of the muscles and it is very important to keep them in good shape, just like the muscles of the body.
Gymnastics for the eyes is a very simple set of exercises that will take you no more than 5 minutes a day. The best option consists of only 5 exercises:
a) Look straight ahead. Slowly raise your gaze as high as possible, then as low as possible. 10 reps on each side.
b) Look straight ahead. Start moving your gaze as far as possible to the left, then as far as possible to the right. 10 reps on each side.
c) Make a full circle with your gaze clockwise and then counterclockwise. It is better to perform this exercise slowly at first, because... it puts maximum stress on the eye muscles.
d) Stand by the window, press your index finger to your nose. Look straight ahead as far as possible. Then, look at your index finger. Then off again. 10 reps.
e) Close your eyes as much as possible and hold them in this position for 10 seconds. Only 5 reps.
This simple 5-minute exercise can strengthen your eye muscles, so after a while you will notice improvements in your vision. And if you constantly work at the computer, then after 2-3 weeks your eyes will stop getting tired in the evening.
Adjust your diet
The health of your eyes largely depends on proper nutrition, because... The eyes require many different vitamins and microelements. The most important for eye health are:
Vitamin A- is most important for eye health because participates in oxidative processes, normalizes metabolism, helps in the creation and development of new cells. Contained in the greatest quantities in blueberries, apricots, greens, grapes, egg yolk).
Vitamin B— normalizes the functioning of the vascular system, which is especially important for the eyes. Contained in carrots, onions, nuts, tomatoes, buckwheat.
Vitamin C– participates in the processes of growth and restoration of cells and blood vessels. Most of them are found in lemon, kiwi, beets, rose hips, and cabbage.
Vitamin E- is a valuable antioxidant that protects the body from free radicals, cleanses the body of carcinogens, improves blood circulation, and prevents the development of cataracts. Contained in sunflower oil, sunflower seeds, almonds, walnuts.
Potassium- maintains blood pressure levels, promotes the removal of harmful substances from the body. Contained in dried apricots, cocoa, prunes, pumpkin seeds.
Calcium- regulates the acid-base balance, ensures the delivery of nutrients to the body's cells. Most of them are found in sesame seeds, dairy products (especially hard cheese), basil, melon, dried apricots and dates.
Zinc– promotes cell renewal, strengthens the body’s immunity, and prevents the occurrence of eye diseases. Contained in legumes, oysters, pumpkin seeds, eggs, fish.
Relax
Working in front of a computer screen every day puts a lot of strain on your eyes during the week, and the best thing you can do for your eyes is to stay away from the computer screen during the weekend. Fresh air is very important for the eyes, so walking will be just right. And the best option is a weekend spent outside the city - for example, at the dacha, away from television, computers and smartphones.
Use aids
Long-term work at the computer, frequent driving of a car provokes a decrease in the tear membrane of the eye, which increases fatigue and reduces eye protection. Simple remedies are often not enough, so you should use special eye drops.
The most convenient and safe way to maintain eye health is moisturizing eye drops (for example, Visine). If in the evening you feel very tired eyes, redness, or burning, then moisturizing drops will help you eliminate these symptoms.
Take precautions
At a young age, the eyes are actively protected by natural pigment - melanin, however, with age, its amount in the body decreases, which is why resistance to external factors also decreases.
One of the most harmful exposure factors is bright sunlight. They damage the retina of the eyes, so you need to wear sunglasses in summer. However, not all sunglasses protect your eyesight equally.
Low-quality sunglasses can cause harm, because... Due to darkened lenses, the pupils tend to dilate, but if the degree of protection is low, then the harmful effects are even greater than without glasses.
Buy sunglasses in trusted stores - tourist, sports, specialized - where the glasses have readable markings and a level of protection (the level of light transmission should be at least 3-4).
Get enough sleep
Adequate and quality sleep is of great importance for eye health. It is important that the room is completely dark while sleeping, otherwise the body will not be able to completely relax. If you cannot completely eliminate light sources in the room, use a sleep mask.
Get rid of negative factors
Smoking has the greatest negative impact on the eyes. Cigarette smoke greatly constricts blood vessels, as a result of which blood circulation in the eyes deteriorates, which means that the susceptibility of the eyes to various diseases increases many times over.
Reading in a lying position, as well as reading in a dark room, also put a strong strain on the eyesight. In both cases, the eyes quickly get tired and experience excessive stress, and the strain on the eyes is already very high.
Minimize eye-hand contact
If you like to frequently rub your eyes with your hands, then try to keep this habit to a minimum. This is due to the high probability of introducing various types of infections into the eyes through touch - from barley to conjunctivitis. It should be borne in mind that eyes have a lower level of protection than, for example, hands, so it is better to touch your eyes only after you have washed your hands with soap.
Maintaining good vision is not an easy task, since televisions, computers, and various electronic gadgets have become firmly entrenched in our daily lives.
Working with them is accompanied by a constant load. Problems with vision oblige you to immediately contact an ophthalmologist in order to start treatment on time and avoid dangerous complications.
How to protect your eyes
The well-known postulate that preventing a disease is easier than treating it applies to all diseases, ophthalmological pathologists are no exception.
The best option for long-term preservation is to regularly adhere to basic preventive conditions:
- adherence to the basics of healthy eating
- doing eye exercises
- your “communication” with TV and computer must be moderate, do not forget about rest
There are secondary factors that adversely affect the visual apparatus:
- poor environmental situation
- hereditary predisposition
- structural changes in the ocular apparatus due to age
- concomitant diseases that are catalysts for visual disorders
Create conditions that are 100% protective eyes Pathological deviations cannot be avoided, even if you adhere to a healthy lifestyle and follow the rules of hygiene.
However, reducing the risks of developing ophthalmological disorders, easing the course of the disease, avoiding complications, and increasing the effectiveness of the therapeutic process is a feasible task.
What harms and what helps the eyes
Often, overwork, which has a detrimental effect on the functionality of the eye apparatus, is associated with ignoring the correct daily routine. To avoid this, you need to competently alternate periods of sleep, rest, and “working” hours.
When the basics of a clear daily routine are absent over a long period of time, then gradually, such negligence can lead to deterioration of vision.
Try to avoid:
- lack of sleep
- long stay in a room with stale air
- lack of work activity (don't be lazy)
Another factor that has a detrimental effect on the quality of vision is, oddly enough, technological progress.
Various new technologies and electronics reduce the human need for physical labor.
Such relief has a flip side to the coin, since a sedentary lifestyle negatively affects visual functionality.
Moderate physical activity has a positive effect on well-being, strengthening the health of the body:
- pulmonary ventilation increases
- cerebral blood supply improves
- the activity of systems (including visual) is stimulated
Adequate physical education, sports (without fanaticism):
- increase the performance of the eye muscles
- strengthen the sclera
- help reduce the risk of myopia
For a person whose vision is impaired, it is unacceptable to engage in sports that require extreme stress. These include:
- struggle
- Weightlifting
- ski jumping
Beneficial, to the level vision influence:
- leisurely jogging, skiing
- swimming
- ball games
Reasonable exercise will have a positive impact on overall well-being, which will certainly have a positive effect on the state of the human visual system.
Tobacco smoke and are completely incompatible concepts, I am sure that no one will challenge such a statement.
Smoking completely undermines the health of not only the respiratory system. Ophthalmic pathologies are frequent guests in the body of a smoker.
Every fourth heavy smoker is at risk of developing cataracts. The degree of danger is so great that sometimes, apart from prosthetics for a clouded lens, there are no other options left.
Anyone who has a strong “friendship” with a cigarette is strongly recommended to visit the office once a quarter ophthalmologist.
The risk of irreversible retinal damage in a smoker is three times higher than in a person who has never suffered from nicotine addiction.
Products (carrots, pumpkin, broccoli) contain substances that provide reliable protection to the retina from damage, but nicotine destabilizes the circulation of beneficial microelements. Most of the “advantages” of these products are neutralized, the retina remains defenseless, and visual impairment occurs.
There are situations when, in moments of severe visual strain, a smoker suddenly “grows a black wall” in front of his eyes.
Such a pathological manifestation is the primary evidence signaling danger to the eyes. Such violations are also provoked by long-term “friendly” relationships with tobacco.
Senile farsightedness is a simplified (popular) name, the first alarming symptom of eyes affected by the “attacks” of tobacco.
An experienced smoker who has not previously experienced any problems when reading is forced to keep the book/newspaper far from his eyes. Otherwise, it is simply impossible to focus your vision.
Constant headaches begin to bother me, and (in principle) problems with reading arise. As a rule, such negative symptoms recede if the problem is detected in time, treatment is started, and, of course, you stop “communicating” with nicotine.
In the morning, when the first cigarette of the current day is smoked, the tips of the fingers turn out to be cold. Temperature measurements between the fingers show reduced values.
Please note that even peripheral blood vessels are affected by smoking. Now, imagine how serious the scale of “destruction” from the habit of smoking is to the capillaries of the heart muscle and eye apparatus.
Dangerous disease provocateurs
Risks increase with the following diagnoses:
- diabetes
- hypertension
High blood pressure can become a catalyst for specific disorders in the fundus vascular system.
The density of vascular walls increases. If persistent, hemorrhages and edema in the retinal structure are possible.
When the pressure indicator goes off scale, the digital values rise to extremely large values (180-200>), then there is a possibility of optic nerve atrophy.
Decreased vision can become irreversible.
In such a situation, in order to prevent large-scale pathological changes in the fundus, the primary task is a corrective decrease in pressure.
Now about the unwanted changes that accompany endocrine disorders.
List of possible eye problems associated with thyroid dysfunction:
- double image
- cornea suffers
- the optic nerve atrophies
In the case of endocrine “bias” of eye diseases, the therapeutic process involves the use of corticosteroid drugs.
In addition, in order to moisturize the cornea, in cases of incomplete closure of the palpebral fissure, artificial tear preparations are added to treatment. Sometimes, the only necessity is the intervention of an ophthalmologist.
Diabetics also consult an ophthalmologist with complaints of poor vision.
- “companion” of diabetes.
The most critical eye-related complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy. The extent of damage to the retina of diabetics varies, with negative development up to detachment.
Such a diagnosis requires doctors to take total control of the condition of the blood vessels.
The list of therapeutic measures includes:
- Application of photodynamic therapy.
- Laser coagulation retina- eliminate swelling, strengthen eye capillaries.
- The condition of defective (destroyed by cataract) vessels is corrected, as a result, the likelihood of retinal detachment is minimized.
- Surgical intervention - a vitrectomy procedure is performed, which involves removing blood clots and clouded parts of the vitreous from the eye cavity.
Vision problems are possible during the course of specific infectious processes in the body.
Deterioration of vision is caused by inflammatory phenomena in the “structures” of the ocular apparatus.
Kovaren - can cause negative changes in the functionality of the visual organ. Possible complications include:
- inflammation of the choroid
- hemorrhages
- retinal damage of varying severity
To normalize the functionality of the eye muscles undermined by the disease, the joint efforts of doctors of two specialties are required:
- ophthalmologist
- rheumatologist
Diagnostic methods
Visual field examination
A similar term refers to the part of space in which the eye, with a “fixed” gaze, notices other visual stimuli.
The examination is carried out with a device - an ophthalmological perimeter, which is a screen of a hemispherical shape.
The examined eye fixes a certain mark (point), then luminous points begin to appear on the screen. If you get into the visibility zone of your peripheral vision, you need to report it (talk/press the appropriate button) to the doctor.
Reasons for prescribing such a procedure, diagnosis of defects that can occur during:
- glaucoma
- brain tumors
Measuring intraocular pressure
Non-contact and contact examination methods are classified:
To carry out the first option, you will need an automatic tonometer. The patient's chin is placed on a special stand, and the patient's gaze is asked to fixate on a luminous point.
The air flow supplied by the device towards the eye meets the resistance of the cornea.
The IOP level is fixed based on the value of this resistance.
The contact measurement option is carried out according to the following scenario.
The patient receives a portion of special “freezing” drops (anesthetic), then the doctor touches the cornea with a weight, the lower part of which is colored.
The eyeball bends under the load, becoming directly stained at the points of contact.
The IOP level is “based” on the magnitude of the deformation. Make (an imprint) on paper, determining the diameter of the unpainted area. The obtained data are compared with officially standardized values.
Since the procedure is performed under anesthesia, the level of painful discomfort is minimal. The microscopic particles of paint remaining inside will soon leave the eye along with the tears.
Such techniques are a source of important information for the doctor, because the study makes it possible to confirm, or, on the contrary, exclude glaucoma.
Biomicroscopy
Using the illumination created by a slit lamp, the doctor is able to analyze (examine) the state of the optical media and tissue structures of the eye under high magnification.
The biomicroscopy procedure allows the ophthalmologist to examine in detail:
- cornea
- lens
This method gives the doctor the opportunity to diagnose almost the entire range of ophthalmological disorders.
Retinal examination
Initially, in order to dilate the pupil, special drops are instilled into the patient. Then, after a quarter of an hour, using an ophthalmoscope, a light beam is projected onto the eye being examined, which allows a detailed “inspection” to be carried out through the dilated pupil:
- optic disc
As for diagnosing strabismus, there are many methods for identifying such a problem, but a simple option involves conducting a special test with “covering” the eye.
To determine refraction and visual acuity, modern computer techniques are used. However, there is an opinion that standard letter tables are an equally effective way to solve such a problem. Proper selection of lenses will help combat myopia and farsightedness.
In addition to the described diagnostic methods for identifying vision problems, it is necessary to mention other methods:
- MRI of the eyeball
- fluorescein angiography of the retina
- x-ray
- ultrasound ophthalmoscopy
Prevention - how often to visit an ophthalmologist
Even minor pathological abnormalities in the body, leading to disruptions in the functioning of internal organs and immune dysfunction, can affect the vascular system of the ocular apparatus.
Age, presence of concomitant diseases, risk factors - criteria that vary the number of required visits to the doctor.
Parents are required to conduct the first preventive eye examination of the baby no later than six months from the moment of birth. Then, at intervals of six months, the examination must be repeated.
Then, every year before entering school (6-7 years), even in the absence of complaints, you are required to visit an ophthalmologist.
Risk factors for eye diseases
- difficult pregnancy, childbirth
- hereditary cases of cataracts
- retinal dystrophy
In the absence of obvious visual impairment, in the range of 18-30 years, it is permissible to see an ophthalmologist once every three years.
Then, at the age of 30-40, it is advisable to check your vision once every couple of years, and after 60, the frequency of preventive visits increases to one visit per year.
More frequent visits are necessary in the following cases:
- wearing glasses regularly
- endocrine pathologies
- hypertension
- work related to visual strain
- eye injuries, surgeries
The issue of preserving vision for many years is one of the priorities on the list of tasks, the solution of which is necessary to maintain the health of the body.
Take an interest in health, goodbye.
The average person has five senses. And each of these organs is vital. And if there is some kind of disturbance in one of these organs, a person immediately experiences discomfort, and sometimes he has to adapt to a new life. And to prevent this from happening, you need to listen to your body.
Human eyes allow you to see everything around, receive information and help avoid various collisions. Many people believe that with the development of new technologies, people are damaging their eyesight more. After all, many people now spend a lot of time on computers, due to the fact that everything is now computerized.
Spending so much time in front of a screen can cause your eyes to become tired and watery. This is partly true, but this is not the only thing that affects vision deterioration. After all, even back when there were no televisions and computers, many suffered from visual impairment.
Reasons why vision deteriorates
1. Watching TV is one of the most common causes of visual impairment. Due to the fact that people have more free time and are also interested in obtaining information, they sit in front of TV screens for a long time. Such a pastime leads to poor vision.
Why is this happening:
People often sit very close in front of the TV, which leads to severe eye strain;
- TV is often watched in poor lighting;
- when a person spends a long time in front of the TV screen;
- continuous viewing of TV programs and films.
What should you do in this case?:
You need to sit in front of the TV at a distance of 4-5 meters;
- during the day you need to watch TV in a dimmer light, in the evening - with a light that should be behind the viewer;
- watching TV should not exceed three hours during the day;
- while watching, you should take breaks for a few minutes so that your eyes can rest and distract from the rapid change of colors.
2. During computerization, many people began to switch to working on a computer. In general, many people cannot imagine their life without a computer. And often a person spends more of his day at the computer. Therefore, there is a risk of vision impairment.
Causes of visual impairment:
The computer is not at the correct eye level;
- the person sits very close at the computer;
- continuous sitting at the monitor;
- dirty monitor screen;
- safety glasses are not used.
Precautionary measures:
The computer monitor should be 10 centimeters below eye level;
- you can sit at a computer monitor at a distance of at least thirty centimeters;
- it is worth taking short breaks, as well as doing special exercises for the eyes;
- the computer monitor must be clean;
- if the doctor prescribed glasses, then you should put them on on time while sitting at the computer.
3. Often people find time to read a book in the evening, when unnatural lighting spoils their eyesight. And also, after a long day of work, the eyes are already tired, and book lovers strain them even more.
So how can reading ruin your eyesight?
Already at home, you want to lie down and read a book in a calm atmosphere;
- hold the book close in front of their eyes;
- the direction of the light is incorrect;
- do not adhere to the rules for reading an e-book;
- continuous reading of books.
You should read books while sitting; under no circumstances should you lie down;
- the book must be held at a distance of thirty centimeters;
- the e-book should be read only in a well-lit room;
- while reading, you need to take short breaks.
4. Poor nutrition leads to deterioration of vision, but also to the appearance of many problems throughout the body. Harmful foods introduce toxins into the body, which can impair the functioning of the entire body, but also vision. For good vision you need to eat well and properly.
What foods does the body need to improve or maintain vision?
1. In order for your eyesight to be sharp and never fail, you need to eat fish three times a week. Fish contains those minerals and acids, especially omega 3, that help maintain or even improve vision.
2. A busy life gives the eyes a lot of information every day, which makes them overworked. To reduce eye fatigue, you need to eat one spoonful of blueberries every day. It can be either frozen, in the form of jam or fresh berries. Blueberries contain a complex of vitamins that are necessary to improve eye function. Anthocyanins, which are found in large quantities in blueberries, help relieve eye fatigue. This substance supports the functioning of capillaries, through which nutrients enter the muscles and nerve endings. Blueberries also contain vitamins A and C. All these minerals and vitamins help improve the functioning of blood vessels and transfer them the right amount of blood and reduce the harmful effects on the eyes from the outside.
3. The retina of the eye is very sensitive and needs proper nutrition. In order to feed it, you need to include pistachios in your diet. The minerals contained in nuts are important for humans. And nuts that contain more of the nutrients that the human body needs are found in walnuts and almonds. But still, almonds come first. The beneficial substances contained in almonds help relax the eye muscles, which prevents fatigue and aging. Studies show that you need to take about 30 grams of nuts daily to saturate your body with the necessary antioxidants.
4. When a person has red eyes, and this can be due to fatigue or even under the influence of irritants, cabbage will help. Cabbage can be eaten in any form - in salads, stewed, in borscht. Cabbage contains many vitamins that will help improve or maintain vision. A particularly important substance contained in cabbage is choline, which is very beneficial for vision. Another interesting fact about cabbage is that sauerkraut contains more vitamin C than lemon. Vitamin C helps normalize blood circulation in the blood vessels of the eyes and relieve fatigue.
5. For sharp and good vision, you need to eat a salad with carrots several times a week, to which you add sour cream or butter. This is a must-have combination that will help in the absorption of all vitamins in the body. In order to improve vision, even in the dark, you should eat more carrots, which contain vitamin A.
6. Grapefruit is very useful for the lenses of the eye. If you consume this citrus once a day or every other day, it will benefit not only the eyes, but the entire body. This citrus contains a huge amount of vitamins and minerals that prevent aging of the retina. But few people know that the very film that contains the grainy part of the grapefruit is actually useful. These films give a bitter taste, but they are what give health to the eyes.
7. You can also add juice from carrots and parsley to this list. This juice contains a large amount of vitamins and minerals.
8. Also, those who smoke urgently need to get rid of this harmful habit. After all, smoking increases eye pressure, which negatively affects the eyes.
9. You should use red onion in your food - it contains antioxidants that will prevent the formation of cataracts.
10. It is necessary to take a complex of vitamins that will support the body during the winter-spring period, when the body is exhausted. It is known that those who take vitamins have fewer eye problems.
11. Nowadays, many women are on diets, and this can lower the glycemic index. In order to increase it, you need to include whole grains in your diet, which contain a lot of fiber and will not harm those who are on a diet.
12. To maintain good eyesight or to improve it, you need to include red beans in your diet. Beans contain a lot of minerals that have a positive effect on the eyes, and also help vitamin A get into the fiber of the eye. Vitamin A stimulates the production of pigment in the retina, which protects the eye from sunlight.
Experts recommend including all the foods listed above in your daily diet. All of these products will reduce the risk of eye disease and vision impairment. You should not consume only one of these products, as it will not bring the expected result. All these products are very useful and will not harm your figure, which is very important for every person.
Nowadays, many products that a person eats clog him. Waste and toxins clog the body and damage blood vessels and impair vision. In order to avoid such problems, you need to regularly cleanse your body. You need to cleanse the entire body, starting with the liver, which filters the blood. It is also necessary to cleanse the intestines, where many toxic substances accumulate. Cleansing the entire body improves the functioning of all organs and vision too.
To maintain good vision, you should spend more time in the fresh air during the day. For those who work at home or are unable to be outside, their vision is impaired due to starvation. This kind of fasting is called color or light fasting. In the summer, it is better to go without glasses, because the eyes are saturated with ultraviolet radiation and the pupils begin to narrow.
Another very important rule is to get enough sleep. Everyone is familiar with the feeling when, after lack of sleep, they feel like sand in their eyes. This indicates that the eyes did not have time to rest and the surface of the eye dried out. Therefore, healthy sleep is important to maintain good vision.
Vision can decrease for a number of reasons. These reasons include both eye disease and other diseases.
The main reasons why people can lose their sight are eye diseases such as myopia or farsightedness, the formation of cataracts in the eye, glaucoma, and diabetes mellitus. In order to avoid such problems, you need to contact your ophthalmologist twice a year. If glaucoma develops in the eye after forty years, it is necessary to undergo an annual medical examination and measure eye pressure. It is also worth remembering that people who have crossed the 45-year-old barrier must control their blood sugar. Since at this age people are more susceptible to developing diabetes, which, in turn, affects vision deterioration.
Another reason why vision may decline is bad habits. Smoking was mentioned above, but such habits also include drinking alcohol and drugs. Such habits negatively affect the blood vessels, which are also located in the retina. In order to maintain good vision, you need to lead a healthy lifestyle, eat right and get enough sleep.
