As well as additional components: hydrochloric acid, water.
Part suppositories active ingredient included procaine hydrochloride and solid fat as an additional component.
Release form
Produced Novocaine solution 0.5% for injection. It is a colorless transparent liquid. Contained in ampoules of 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml. The cardboard package contains 10 ampoules, as well as a knife or scarifier.
Also produced Novocaine 0.25%, Novocaine 2%- a transparent solution without color or slightly yellowish.
Novocaine is produced in the form rectal suppositories. In a cardboard package – 10 pcs.
pharmachologic effect
Wikipedia indicates that Novocaine (INN: Procaine) is a local anesthetic that demonstrates moderate anesthetic activity. Name in Latin - Novocaine. Active substance formula - C13H20N2O2. Qualitative reactions to novocaine are described in pharmaceutical textbooks. It has a wide range of therapeutic effects. The active substance blocks Na+ channels, preventing the generation of impulses and their conduction along nerve fibers.
Under the influence of procaine, the action potential in the membranes of nerve cells changes, but there is no pronounced effect on the resting potential. The drug suppresses the conduction of pain impulses and impulses of other modalities in the body.
When administered directly into the bloodstream and during absorption, it reduces the level of excitability of peripheral cholinergic systems, reduces the production and release of acetylcholine from preganglionic endings.
As the pharmacopoeia testifies, Novocaine relieves spasms of smooth muscles, reduces the level of excitability of the myocardium and motor areas of the cerebral cortex. Under its influence, polysynaptic reflexes are inhibited and the descending inhibitory effects of the reticular formation of the brain stem are eliminated. When taking large doses of the drug, the patient may develop seizures.
There is a short anesthetic activity of the drug. In this case, the duration of infiltration anesthesia is from 0.5 to 1 hour.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
The body experiences complete systemic absorption of the active substance.
The level of absorption depends on the route of administration, the site of administration, and the dose of the drug. The substance is quickly hydrolyzed in the body, resulting in the formation of two main metabolites that are pharmacologically active. This diethylaminoethanol , which produces a moderate vasodilator effect, and para-aminobenzoic acid (a competitive antagonist of sulfonamide drugs, weakening their antimicrobial effect). The half-life is 30-50 s, the half-life in the neonatal period is 54-114 s. It is mainly excreted from the body through the kidneys, about 2% is excreted unchanged. It is poorly absorbed through mucous membranes.
Indications for use
The use of Novocaine is practiced for infiltration, intraosseous, epidural, conduction, spinal . It is also used for anesthesia of mucous membranes in the treatment of ENT diseases. This remedy is also used for perinephric, vagosympathetic cervical, paravertebral and circular blockade.
Novocaine IV is administered to potentiate the effect of the main drugs used for ; It is also administered intravenously to relieve pain of various origins.
Intramuscularly used to dissolve penicillin to prolong its action. It is also noted that such a remedy is an auxiliary drug for the following diseases:
- endarteritis ;
- spasms of cerebral and coronary vessels;
- arterial hypertension ;
- joint diseases of infectious and rheumatic origin.
Suppositories with Novocaine are used rectally for and, in case of spasms of intestinal smooth muscles.
Contraindications
There are some contraindications to the use of the medicine. Novocaine should not be used intravenously or intramuscularly if there is a high sensitivity to the drug, as well as to other local anesthetic esters and para-aminobenzoic acid. The drug is not prescribed to children under 12 years of age.
For local anesthesia, the drug is not used in the presence of pronounced fibrous changes in the tissues.
Novocaine is used with caution for:
- emergency surgical interventions that accompany acute blood loss ;
- conditions characterized by decreased hepatic blood flow;
- cardiovascular failure progressive;
- lack pseudocholinesterase ;
- inflammatory diseases or infection of the injection site;
- renal failure;
- under the age of 18 and after 65 years.
Side effects
During use, the following side effects may occur:
- central and peripheral NS: headache , , manifestations drowsiness , lockjaw , weakness;
- hematopoiesis: methemoglobinemia ;
- the cardiovascular system: increase or decrease in blood pressure, bradycardia , peripheral vasodilation , arrhythmias , collapse , pain in the chest;
- allergy symptoms: skin rash , itching , other anaphylactic manifestations, .
If the negative manifestations described above or other side effects develop, you should immediately inform your treating specialist.
Instructions for use of Novocaine (Method and dosage)
Novocaine 0.5% is used for infiltration anesthesia in a dose of 350-600 mg. At the beginning of surgery, adults are given a dose of no more than 0.75 g (150 ml), then, during each hour of surgery, no more than 2 g (400 ml) of solution.
Carrying out perinephric block involves the introduction of 50-80 ml of solution into the perinephric tissue.
Carrying out circular And paravertebral blockade involves the intradermal administration of 5-10 ml of solution. In the case of vagosympathetic blockade, 30-40 ml should be administered.
In order to reduce absorption and prolong the effect during local anesthesia, an additional solution is administered at the rate of 1 drop per 2-5-10 ml of solution procaine .
When used in adolescents over 12 years of age, the highest dose is 15 mg per 1 kg of weight.
Novocain suppositories, instructions for use
The use of suppositories is carried out according to an individual scheme, depending on the disease. The suppository should be inserted into the anus 3-4 cm. The insertion is carried out after a bowel movement or after an enema. As a rule, the suppository is administered 1-2 times a day. The treatment period is up to 1 month.
Overdose
In case of an overdose of the drug, the patient may experience pallor of the mucous membranes and skin, nausea , dizziness , vomit , the appearance of “cold” sweat, , increased breathing, decreased blood pressure until collapse, methemoglobinemia , . The drug affects the nervous system, which is manifested by a feeling of fear, convulsions , hallucinations , motor excitement.
In case of overdose, it is necessary to maintain adequate pulmonary ventilation and carry out symptomatic and detoxification treatment.
Interaction
Novocaine potentiates the effect on the central nervous system of drugs used for general anesthesia, sedatives and hypnotics, tranquilizers and narcotic analgesics.
When taken simultaneously anticoagulants the likelihood of bleeding increases.
If the injection site has been treated with disinfectant solutions that contain heavy metals, the risk of swelling and tenderness as a local reaction increases.
The use of Novocaine simultaneously with inhibitors monoamine oxidases increases the likelihood of a sharp decline .
Novocaine prolongs and increases the effect of muscle relaxant drugs.
The local anesthetic effect is prolonged by vasoconstrictors ( phenylephrine , epinephrine , methoxamine ).
Under the influence of procaine, the antimyasthenic effect of the drugs decreases. Therefore, additional therapy adjustments may be required. .
Para-aminobenzoic acid (a metabolite of procaine) is a sulfonamide antagonist.
When taking cholinesterase inhibitors simultaneously, the metabolism of local anesthetic drugs decreases.
Terms of sale
You can purchase Novocaine 0.5% 5.0 with a prescription, the doctor writes a prescription in Latin.
Storage conditions
Novocain should be stored at room temperature, in a dry and dark place, out of reach of children.
Best before date
Can be stored for 3 years; cannot be used after the expiration date.
special instructions
Before using the product, you need to conduct an individual sensitivity test to the drug.
During treatment, it is necessary to monitor the functions of blood vessels, heart, central nervous system, and respiratory system.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be discontinued 10 days before the local anesthetic is administered.
It is important to take into account that when using the same dose of novocaine, the toxicity of procaine is higher if the solution is more concentrated.
Since procaine penetrates poorly through intact mucous membranes, it is not effective for superficial anesthesia.
During treatment, caution is required when driving, as well as during other activities that require concentration.
Electrophoresis with Novocaine at carried out after diagnosis and under the supervision of the attending physician.
You cannot drip Novocaine solution into your eyes without consulting your doctor.
Analogs
Level 4 ATX code matches:A number of drugs are produced that are analogues of this medicine. These are the means Novocain Bufus , Novocain-Vial , , Procaine Hydrochloride etc. The most optimal remedy is selected by the doctor, taking into account the patient’s diagnosis.
For children
The medicine is not used for children under 12 years of age. Use with caution in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years.
Novocaine during pregnancy and lactation
If there is a need to use Novocain during pregnancy, experts determine the expected benefits and possible risks. During childbirth, use with caution. If you need to use Novocain during breastfeeding, lactation must be stopped.
Reviews
Novocaine is described as a popular pain reliever. As a rule, it provides effective anesthesia and is well tolerated by patients. Users write about the successful use of Novocaine during surgical interventions, in dental practice, etc.
The effectiveness of other means with procaine – patients use solutions, drops, sprays, etc. The low cost of the medicine is noted as a positive point.
Novocaine price, where to buy
The price of Novocaine in ampoules is from 30 rubles. for 10 pcs. You can buy the product at any pharmacy.
- Online pharmacies in Russia Russia
- Online pharmacies in Ukraine Ukraine
- Online pharmacies in Kazakhstan Kazakhstan
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Novocain supp. rect. 100mg n10 Biosynthesis OJSC
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Local anesthetic
Active substance
Procaine
Release form, composition and packaging
Solution for injection 0.5% transparent, colorless.
Excipients: hydrochloric acid 0.1M, water for injection.
2 ml - ampoules (10) / complete with an ampoule knife or scarifier, if necessary for ampoules of this type /) - cardboard packs.
5 ml - ampoules (10) / complete with an ampoule knife or scarifier, if necessary for ampoules of this type /) - cardboard packs.
10 ml - ampoules (10) / complete with an ampoule knife or scarifier, if necessary for ampoules of this type /) - cardboard packs.
pharmachologic effect
A local anesthetic with moderate anesthetic activity and a wide range of therapeutic effects. Being a weak base, it blocks Na + channels, preventing the generation of impulses in the endings of sensory nerves and the conduction of impulses along nerve fibers. Changes the action potential in the membranes of nerve cells without a pronounced effect on the resting potential. Suppresses the conduction of not only pain, but also impulses of other modalities. When absorbed and directly vascularly introduced into the bloodstream, it reduces the excitability of peripheral cholinergic systems, reduces the formation and release of acetylcholine from preganglionic endings (has some ganglion-blocking effect), eliminates spasm of smooth muscles, reduces the excitability of the myocardium and motor zones of the cerebral cortex. Eliminates descending inhibitory influences of the reticular formation of the brain stem. Inhibits polysynaptic reflexes. In large doses, it can cause convulsions. It has a short anesthetic activity (the duration of infiltration anesthesia is 0.5-1 hour).
Pharmacokinetics
Subject to complete systemic absorption. The extent of absorption depends on the site and route of administration (especially vascularization and blood flow rate of administration) and the final dose (amount and concentration). It is quickly hydrolyzed by esterases and the liver to form two main pharmacologically active metabolites: diethylaminoethanol (has a moderate vasodilator effect) and para-aminobenzoic acid (is a competitive antagonist of sulfonamide drugs and can weaken their effect). T 1/2 - 30-50 s, in the neonatal period - 54-114 s. It is excreted primarily by the kidneys in the form of metabolites; no more than 2% are excreted unchanged.
Indications
Infiltration (including intraosseous) anesthesia; vagosympathetic cervical, perinephric, circular and paravertebral blockades.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity (including to para-aminobenzoic acid and other local anesthetic esters). Children's age up to 12 years.
For anesthesia using the creeping infiltrate method - pronounced fibrous changes in the tissues.
Carefully. Emergency operations accompanied by acute blood loss; conditions accompanied by a decrease in hepatic blood flow (for example, chronic failure, liver disease); progression of cardiovascular failure (usually due to the development of heart block and shock); inflammatory diseases or infection of the injection site; pseudocholinesterase deficiency; ; children's age from 12 to 18 years, old age (over 65 years); with caution in seriously ill and/or debilitated patients; during pregnancy and during childbirth.
Dosage
Only for procaine solution 5 mg/ml (0.5%).
For infiltration anesthesia 350-600 mg (70-120 ml) are administered. Higher doses for infiltration anesthesia for adults: the first single dose at the beginning of the operation is not more than 0.75 g (150 ml), then during each hour of the operation - no more than 2 g (400 ml) of solution.
At perinephric block(according to A.V. Vishnevsky) 50-80 ml are injected into the perinephric tissue.
At circular and paravertebral blockade 5-10 ml are injected intradermally. For vagosympathetic blockade, 30-40 ml is administered.
For reducing absorption and prolonging the action of local anesthesia, additionally inject a 0.1% solution of epinephrine hydrochloride - 1 drop per 2-5-10 ml of procaine solution.
The maximum dose for use in children over 12 years old- 15 mg/kg.
Side effects
From the central and peripheral nervous system: headache, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, trismus.
From the cardiovascular system: increase or decrease in blood pressure, peripheral vasodilation, collapse, bradycardia, arrhythmias, .
From the hematopoietic organs: methemoglobinemia.
Allergic reactions: itching of the skin, skin rash, other anaphylactic reactions (including anaphylactic shock), urticaria (on the skin and mucous membranes). If, while using the drug, any of the side effects indicated in the instructions appear or they get worse, or you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, inform your doctor.
Overdose
Symptoms: pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, “cold” sweat, increased breathing, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, even collapse, apnea, methemoglobinemia. The effect on the central nervous system is manifested by a feeling of fear, hallucinations, convulsions, and motor agitation.
Treatment: maintaining adequate pulmonary ventilation, detoxification and symptomatic therapy.
Drug interactions
Strengthens the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system of drugs for general anesthesia, sleeping pills, sedatives, narcotic analgesics and tranquilizers.
Anticoagulants (ardeparin sodium, dalteparin sodium, danaparoid sodium, heparin sodium, warfarin) increase the risk of bleeding. When treating the injection site with disinfectant solutions containing heavy metals, the risk of developing a local reaction in the form of pain and swelling increases.
Use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (procarbazine, selegiline) increases the risk of developing a pronounced decrease in blood pressure. Strengthens and prolongs the effect of muscle relaxants. Vasoconstrictors (epinephrine, methoxamine, phenylephrine) prolong the local anesthetic effect.
Procaine reduces the antimyasthenic effect of drugs, especially when used in high doses, which requires additional correction of the treatment of myasthenia gravis.
Cholinesterase inhibitors (antimyasthenic drugs, cyclophosphamide, demecaria bromide, ecothiopathy iodide, thiotepa) reduce the metabolism of local anesthetic drugs.
The metabolite of procaine (para-aminobenzoic acid) is an antagonist of sulfonamides.
special instructions
Patients require monitoring of the functions of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system and central nervous system.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be discontinued 10 days before local anesthetic administration.
It should be borne in mind that when performing local anesthesia using the same total dose, the toxicity of procaine is higher, the more concentrated the solution is used.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and machinery
During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Pregnancy and lactation
If it is necessary to prescribe the drug during pregnancy, the expected benefit to the mother should be compared with the potential risk to the fetus. With caution during childbirth.
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
The drug is available with a prescription.
Storage conditions and periods
Store the drug in a place protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children.
Shelf life - 3 years. Do not use after the expiration date stated on the package.
In this article you can read the instructions for use of the drug Novocaine. Reviews of site visitors - consumers of this medicine, as well as the opinions of specialist doctors on the use of Novocaine in their practice are presented. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: whether the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not stated by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Novocaine in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for anesthesia, blockades and dilution of drugs in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.
Novocaine- a local anesthetic with moderate anesthetic activity and a wide range of therapeutic effects. Being a weak base, it blocks Na+ channels, preventing the generation of impulses in the endings of sensory nerves and the conduction of impulses along nerve fibers. Changes the action potential in the membranes of nerve cells without a pronounced effect on the resting potential.
Suppresses the conduction of not only pain, but also impulses of other modalities. When absorbed and directly vascularly introduced into the bloodstream, it reduces the excitability of peripheral cholinergic systems, reduces the formation and release of acetylcholine from preganglionic endings (has some ganglion-blocking effect), eliminates spasm of smooth muscles, reduces the excitability of the myocardium and motor zones of the cerebral cortex.
Eliminates descending inhibitory influences of the reticular formation of the brain stem. Inhibits polysynaptic reflexes. In large doses, it can cause convulsions. It has a short anesthetic activity (the duration of infiltration anesthesia is 0.5-1 hour).
Pharmacokinetics
Subject to complete systemic absorption. The extent of absorption depends on the site and route of administration (especially vascularization and blood flow rate of administration) and the final dose (amount and concentration). It is quickly hydrolyzed by plasma and liver esterases to form two main pharmacologically active metabolites: diethylaminoethanol (has a moderate vasodilator effect) and para-aminobenzoic acid (is a competitive antagonist of sulfonamide drugs and can weaken their antimicrobial effect). It is excreted primarily by the kidneys in the form of metabolites; no more than 2% are excreted unchanged.
Indications
- infiltration (including intraosseous) anesthesia;
- for diluting medications and reducing the pain effect of administered medications;
- vagosympathetic cervical, perinephric, circular and paravertebral blockades.
Release forms
Solution for injection (injections in ampoules) 0.25%, 0.5% and 2%.
Rectal suppositories 100 mg.
Instructions for use and dosage
Only for procaine solution (active ingredient of the drug Novocaine) 5 mg/ml (0.5%).
For infiltration anesthesia, 350-600 mg (70-120 ml) is administered. Higher doses for infiltration anesthesia for adults: the first single dose at the beginning of the operation - no more than 0.75 g (150 ml), then during each hour of the operation - no more than 2 g (400 ml) of solution.
With perinephric blockade (according to Vishnevsky), 50-80 ml are injected into the perinephric tissue.
For circular and paravertebral blockade, 5-10 ml is administered intradermally. For vagosympathetic blockade, 30-40 ml is administered.
To reduce absorption and prolong the effect of local anesthesia, an additional 0.1% solution of epinephrine hydrochloride is administered - 1 drop per 2-5-10 ml of procaine solution.
The maximum dose for use in children over 12 years of age is 15 mg/kg.
Side effect
- headache;
- dizziness;
- drowsiness;
- weakness;
- increase or decrease in blood pressure;
- peripheral vasodilation;
- collapse;
- bradycardia;
- arrhythmias;
- chest pain;
- itchy skin;
- skin rash;
- other anaphylactic reactions (including anaphylactic shock);
- urticaria (on the skin and mucous membranes).
Contraindications
- hypersensitivity (including to para-aminobenzoic acid and other local anesthetic esters);
- for anesthesia using the creeping infiltrate method - pronounced fibrous changes in the tissues.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
If it is necessary to prescribe the drug during pregnancy, the expected benefit to the mother should be compared with the potential risk to the fetus. With caution during childbirth.
If it is necessary to use the drug during lactation, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be decided.
special instructions
Patients require monitoring of the functions of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system and central nervous system.
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors should be discontinued 10 days before local anesthetic administration.
It should be borne in mind that when performing local anesthesia using the same total dose, the toxicity of procaine is higher, the more concentrated the solution is used.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and machinery
During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Drug interactions
Strengthens the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system of drugs for general anesthesia, sleeping pills, sedatives, narcotic analgesics and tranquilizers.
Anticoagulants (ardeparin sodium, dalteparin sodium, danaparoid sodium, enoxaparin sodium, heparin sodium, warfarin) increase the risk of bleeding. When treating the injection site with disinfectant solutions containing heavy metals, the risk of developing a local reaction in the form of pain and swelling increases.
Use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline) increases the risk of developing a pronounced decrease in blood pressure. Strengthens and prolongs the effect of muscle relaxants. Vasoconstrictors (epinephrine, methoxamine, phenylephrine) prolong the local anesthetic effect.
Novocaine reduces the antimyasthenic effect of drugs, especially when used in high doses, which requires additional correction of the treatment of myasthenia gravis.
Cholinesterase inhibitors (antimyasthenic drugs, cyclophosphamide, demecaria bromide, ecothiopathy iodide, thiotepa) reduce the metabolism of local anesthetic drugs.
The metabolite of procaine (para-aminobenzoic acid) is an antagonist of sulfonamides.
Analogues of the drug Novocain
Structural analogues of the active substance:
- Novocaine Bufus;
- Novocain-Vial;
- Novocaine base;
- Novocaine solution for injection;
- Procaine hydrochloride.
If there are no analogues of the drug for the active substance, you can follow the links below to the diseases for which the corresponding drug helps, and look at the available analogues for the therapeutic effect.
Instructions for use:
Novocaine is a local anesthetic.
Release form and composition
Dosage forms:
- Solution for injection: slightly colored or colorless transparent liquid (2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%: 1, 2, 5 or 10 ml in ampoules, in a cardboard pack of 10 pcs.; 0.5% , 0.25%: in bottles for blood substitutes of 100, 200 or 400 ml, in a cardboard box of 1 pc., 100 ml each (28 pcs. in a cardboard box), 200 ml each (24 pcs. in a cardboard box or 28 pcs. . in a cardboard box), 400 ml (12 pcs. in a cardboard box or 15 pcs. in a cardboard box); in bottles of 200 or 400 ml, in a cardboard box 1 pc., in a cardboard box: 200 ml - 24 or 28 pcs., 400 ml each - 12 or 15 pcs.; in containers of 100, 250 or 500 ml, in a polymer bag 1 pc., in a cardboard box: 100 ml - 50 or 75 pcs., 250 ml - 24 or 36 pcs., 500 ml - 12 or 18 pcs.; 0.5%: 5 or 10 ml in polymer ampoules, 5 or 10 pcs in a cardboard pack; in colorless glass ampoules 2 or 5 ml, 10 each pcs in a cardboard pack or box, or in a strip pack of 5 or 10 ampoules, in a cardboard pack 1 or 2 packages (if necessary, complete with an ampoule knife or scarifier); 0.25%: 100 ml in glass blood bottles, in a cardboard pack of 1 pc., or in corrugated cardboard boxes of 35 pcs.);
- Solution for infusion (0.5%, 0.25%: 100, 200 or 400 ml in glass bottles for blood, 1 piece in a cardboard box, 28 pieces in a cardboard box: 200 ml, 400 ml - 15 pcs., in a corrugated cardboard box: 100 ml - 35 pcs.);
- Rectal suppositories (5 pcs each in a blister pack, 2 packs in a cardboard box).
The active ingredient of Novocaine is procaine hydrochloride:
- 1 ml solution for injection: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg or 20 mg;
- 1 ml solution for infusion: 2.5 mg or 5 mg;
- 1 suppository: 100 mg.
Auxiliary components:
- Solution for injection: hydrochloric acid solution 1 M, water for injection;
- Suppositories: solid fat.
Indications for use
Application of Novocaine in the form of solutions for injections and infusions:
- Blockade: vagosympathetic, paranephric;
- Anesthesia: conduction, infiltration, spinal, epidural;
- Pain syndrome due to gastric and duodenal ulcers;
- Nausea;
- Haemorrhoids.
Rectal suppositories are used for anal fissures and hemorrhoids as an anesthetic.
Contraindications
- Age up to 18 years;
- Hypersensitivity to para-aminobenzoic acid and other ester anesthetics (local).
Caution should be exercised when using the drug in emergency operations with acute blood loss, in patients with renal failure, chronic heart failure, liver disease and other pathologies accompanied by a decrease in hepatic blood flow, progression of cardiovascular failure (usually against the background of the development of heart block, shock), proctitis, with pseudocholinesterase deficiency, in weakened patients, elderly people (over 65 years old), and seriously ill patients.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is indicated only if the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential harm to the fetus or child.
Directions for use and dosage
- Solution for injection: administered intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), intradermally (IC) or taken orally. Recommended dosage: IV – 0.5% solution, 1-15 ml, mixed with isotonic sodium chloride solution; IM – 2% solution, 5 ml per day, 3 times a week, the course of treatment is 12 injections (no more than 4 courses per year); intravenously – 0.5% solution, the dose is prescribed individually, used for neurodermatitis, eczema, sciatica for paravertebral and circular blockade; orally – 0.25% or 0.5% solution, 30-50 ml 2-3 times a day;
- Solution for infusion: administered intravenously, the dosage regimen is prescribed by the doctor based on clinical indications, individually;
- Rectal suppositories: inserted deep into the anus after spontaneous bowel movement or cleansing enema. Recommended dosage: 1 suppository 1-2 times a day. The course of treatment is no more than 5 days. If there is no anesthetic effect, you should consult a doctor.
Side effects
- Cardiovascular system: chest pain, peripheral vasodilation, decrease or increase in blood pressure (BP), bradycardia, arrhythmias, collapse;
- Nervous system: drowsiness, headache, weakness, dizziness, tremor, restlessness, convulsions, loss of consciousness, trismus, auditory and visual disturbances, cauda equina syndrome (paresthesia, paralysis of the legs), nystagmus, paralysis of the respiratory muscles (more often with subarachnoid anesthesia) , motor and sensory conduction disorder;
- Urinary system: involuntary urination;
- Hematopoietic system: methemoglobinemia;
- Digestive system: involuntary bowel movements, nausea, vomiting;
- Allergic reactions: skin itching, rash, urticaria (on mucous membranes and skin), anaphylactic reactions, anaphylactic shock, weakness, dizziness, decreased blood pressure.
In addition, the use of rectal suppositories can cause side effects:
- Local reactions: during the first days of use - a transient urge to defecate and a feeling of discomfort (do not require discontinuation of the drug);
- Rarely: with the use of high doses - itching and hyperemia in the anal area.
special instructions
Treatment should be accompanied by careful monitoring of the functions of the respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems.
The administration of local anesthetic can be done 10 days after stopping the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Patients must take special care when driving vehicles and machinery.
Drug interactions
Novocaine enhances the inhibitory effect of other drugs on the nervous system.
Concomitant use with warfarin, dalteparin sodium, ardeparin sodium, danaparoid sodium, heparin, enoxaparin sodium increases the risk of bleeding.
When combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (procarbazine, furazolidone, selegiline), the likelihood of a decrease in blood pressure increases.
Vasoconstrictors, including epinephrine, phenylephrine, methoxamine, help prolong the period of local anesthetic effect.
Since the effect of procaine (especially when used in high doses) reduces the antimyasthenic effect of anticholinesterase drugs, adjustment of the dosage regimen is required when treating myasthenia gravis.
The metabolism of Novocaine is reduced by cholinesterase inhibitors (cyclophosphamide, antimyasthenic drugs, demecaria bromide, thiotepa, ecothiopathy iodide).
Para-aminobenzoic acid (a metabolite of procaine) is an antagonist of sulfonamide drugs, therefore, when used simultaneously, their bactericidal effect is reduced.
Analogs
Analogues of Novocaine are: Novocaine Bufus, Novocaine-Vial, Procaine, Procaine hydrochloride.
Terms and conditions of storage
Keep away from children. Store in a place protected from light at a temperature:
- Solution for injection (infusion) – not higher than 25 °C;
- Suppositories – no higher than 5 °C.
Shelf life – 3 years.
Manufacturer: Farmland LLC, Republic of Belarus
PBX code: N01BA02
Farm group:
Release form: Liquid dosage forms. Injection.
General characteristics. Compound:
Active ingredient: 2.5 g of procaine hydrochloride (novocaine).
Excipients: hydrochloric acid solution 0.1 M - up to pH 3.8 - 4.5, water for injection.
Pharmacological properties:
Pharmacodynamics. Novocaine is a local anesthetic. Novocaine has moderate anesthetic activity and a wide range of therapeutic effects. It blocks sodium channels and thus prevents the generation of impulses at the endings of sensory nerves and the conduction of impulses along nerve fibers. Suppresses the conduction of not only pain, but also impulses of other modalities.
With a resorptive effect, it has a depressant effect on the central nervous system, weakens spasm of smooth muscles, has a ganglion-blocking effect, and in large doses can disrupt neuromuscular conduction. Novocaine has a hypotensive and antiarrhythmic effect (reduces excitability and automaticity, impairs conductivity). Compared to lidocaine and bupivacaine, novocaine has a less pronounced anesthetic effect, has relatively low toxicity and greater therapeutic breadth.
Pharmacokinetics. In the body, the drug is hydrolyzed by esterases in blood plasma and tissues to form two main metabolites: diethylaminoethanol and para-aminobenzoic acid (an antagonist of sulfonamide chemotherapy drugs). Metabolites are excreted by the kidneys.
Indications for use:
Directions for use and dosage:
For infiltration anesthesia, the following highest doses are established: the first single dose at the beginning of the operation is no more than 500 ml of 0.25% solution or 150 ml of 0.5% solution, then for every hour up to 1000 ml of 0.25% solution or 400 ml of 0.5 % solution. For local anesthesia, to reduce absorption and increase the duration of action, add a 0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride to the novocaine solution at the rate of 1 drop per 2 - 5 - 10 ml of novocaine solution.
With perinephric blockade according to the method of A.V. Vishnevsky, 50 - 80 ml of a 0.5% solution or 100 - 150 ml of a 0.25% solution of novocaine are injected into the perinephric tissue.
To carry out circulatory and paravertebral blockades for eczema, neurodermatitis, sciatica, a 0.25 - 0.5% solution of novocaine is administered. For frostbite, a mixture of the following composition is administered to the affected limb: 10 ml of 0.25% novocaine solution, 10 ml of 2.4% aminophylline solution, 1 ml of 1% nicotinic acid solution.
Highest single doses for intramuscular administration: 0.1 g (20 ml of 0.5% solution); for intravenous administration - 0.05 g (20 ml of 0.25% solution). To relieve spasms and improve microcirculation, use a mixture consisting of 10 ml of 0.25% novocaine solution, 2 ml of 2% papaverine solution, 2 ml of 1% nicotinic acid solution and 10,000 units of heparin. It is administered intra-arterially slowly.
Features of application:
Cases of hypersensitivity to novocaine have been observed. To detect it, skin tests are performed (swelling and redness around the injection site). Sometimes a general reaction is possible with this test. It should be borne in mind that when performing local anesthesia when using the same total dose, the toxicity of novocaine is higher, the more concentrated the solution used. Novocaine penetrates slowly through intact mucous membranes, so it is not very effective for superficial anesthesia.
Side effects:
Relatively little toxic. In some cases, weakness, hypotension, and allergic skin reactions are possible. The toxicity of novocaine increases as the concentration increases.
From the cardiovascular system: , .
From the central nervous system: weakness, dizziness.
Interaction with other drugs:
Novocaine enhances the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system of anesthetics, hypnotics, sedatives, narcotic analgesics and anxiolytics. The novocaine metabolite PABA inhibits the effect of sulfonamides. Atropine sulfate enhances the anesthetic effect of novocaine. Novocaine weakens the diuretic effect of diuretics. When combined with salicylates and sulfonamide drugs, both the bacteriostatic effect and the anesthetic effect are reduced.
Contraindications:
Children under 12 years old. Hypersensitivity to the drug, hypotension, treatment with sulfonamides, purulent process at the injection site.
Use with caution in severe diseases of the heart, liver, and kidneys.
Overdose:
In case of an overdose, a coma develops, which is possible. First aid for overdose is maintaining pulmonary ventilation, detoxification and symptomatic therapy.
Storage conditions:
List B. In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children. Shelf life: 2 years.
Vacation conditions:
On prescription
Package:
0.25% solution for injection, 100 ml, 250 ml and 500 ml in polymer containers.
