USSR in 1945 - 1991
1.Place the events in chronological order. Write down the numbers that represent the events in the correct sequence.
A)
1. Annexation of East Prussia (Kaliningrad region) to the USSR
2. German reunification
3.
XX Congress of the CPSU
B)
1. Adoption of the Constitution of developed socialism
2. Kosygin reforms
3.
I Congress of People's Deputies
IN)
1. Signing of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe in Helsinki
2. Unification of Germany and the GDR
3. Speech by the State Emergency Committee
2. Establish a correspondence between events and years: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
Events
A) entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan
B) Soviet-American space flight under the Soyuz - Apollo program
B) Olympic Games in Moscow
D) creation of the Warsaw Pact Organization
Years
1. 1949 2. 1955 3. 1975 4. 1979 5. 1980 6. 1987
3. Establish a correspondence between processes and facts related to these processes (phenomena, events): for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
Processes (phenomena, events)
A) political reforms of the second half of the 1980s
B) Cuban missile crisis
B) de-Stalinization of Soviet society
D) economic reform of the second half of the 1960s
Data
1. Report “On the cult of personality and its consequences”
2. Renaming the Council of People's Commissars into the Council of Ministers
3. Establishment of the post of President of the USSR
4. Creation of the Gulag
5. Placement of Soviet missiles in Cuba
6. Giving more autonomy to enterprises
4. Establish a correspondence between the reforms and the names of the leaders of the USSR, during whose reign these reforms were carried out: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
Reforms
A) the liquidation of line ministries and the creation of economic councils
B) adoption of the law “On Cooperation of the USSR”
B) reform of A.N. Kosygin on expanding the independence of enterprises
D) monetary reform and abolition of the card system
Surnames
1. I.V. Stalin 2. N.S. Khrushchev 3. L.I. Brezhnev 4. Yu.V. Andropov 5. M.S. Gorbachev
5. Establish a correspondence between Soviet leaders and their activities: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
Soviet leaders
A) Yu.V. Andropov
B) M.S. Gorbachev
B) L.I. Brezhnev
D) N.S. Khrushchev
Their activities
1. The fight against cosmopolitanism, carrying out mass repressions
2. The fight against the dissident movement, a course to strengthen industrial discipline, a tough foreign policy course
3. Declaration of a campaign for the development of virgin lands, the beginning of mass housing construction
4. The course towards democratization of Soviet society, the policy of glasnost
5. Policy of personnel stabilization, policy of détente in international relations
6. Which of the listed features characterize the period of N.S.’s leadership? Khrushchev? Choose three answers and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
1. Criticism of the personality cult of I.V. Stalin
2. Campaigning during economic transformations
3. Personnel stability, lack of rotation of party and government personnel
4. Increased centralization of economic management compared to the previous period
5. Increased attention to housing and other social problems of Soviet people
6. Refusal of party control over the sphere of culture and science
7. What events relate to the 1970s? Choose three answers and write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table.
1. Fight against cosmopolitans
2. Adoption of the constitution of developed socialism
3. Signing of the Soviet-American Treaty on the Limitation of Strategic Arms (SALT - 1)
4. Adoption of the law on individual labor activity
5. Accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
6. Expulsion from the USSR of the writer A.I. Solzhenitsyn
8. Fill in the gaps in these sentences using the list of missing elements given below: for each sentence indicated by a letter and containing a blank, select the number of the required element.
A) In the _______ - s, the Baikal - Amur Mainline was an All-Union shock construction project
B) In 1950 - 1953, the USSR provided assistance to the DPRK troops during the war in _______
B) By 1957, members of the anti-party group, which included ______, were removed from leadership positions
Missing elements:
1. 1950 2. Korea 3. A.A. Zhdanov 4. 1970 5. Angola 6. V. M. Molotov
9. Fill in the blank cells of the table using the list of missing elements below: for each lettered blank, select the number of the required element.
| Statesman | Year of election | Characteristic feature of the activity |
| L.I. Brezhnev | Suppression of the Prague Spring |
|
| N.S. Khrushchev | ||
| 1982 | Campaign to restore order and discipline |
|
| M.S. Gorbachev |
Missing elements:
1. Withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan 2. 1964 3. Severance of relations with Yugoslavia 4. 1975
5. 1953 6. L.P. Beria 7. Creation of economic councils 8. Yu.V. Andropov 9. 1985
10.
In the second half of the 1980s, significant changes occurred in the Soviet economy associated with attempts by the country's leadership to accelerate economic growth and switch to an intensive path of development. What new laws, facts, phenomena evidenced this? Specify at least three provisions.
Topic 6: USSR in 1945 – 1991
Option 1
During the reign of N.S. Khrushchev carried out (- on)
During the economic reform of 1965, carried out under the leadership of A.N. Kosygin
A. They became supporters of democratic reforms in the USSR in the 1980s. A.N. Yakovlev and B.N. Yeltsin.
B. The XIX Conference of the CPSU set a course for restoring the sovereignty of the Soviet system and fighting the party nomenklatura.
Constitution of the USSR 1936 |
|
Constitution of the USSR 1977 |
|
Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 |
|
1971 Peace Program |
What terms came into use in the period 1985 - 1992?:
The development of spiritual life during the period of “perestroika” was facilitated by (s)
“During the period under review, the formation of a multi-party system in the USSR also took place. The majority of the newly formed parties were in opposition to the regime. The CPSU itself was experiencing a serious crisis; the 28th Party Congress only led to the withdrawal of its most radical members, led by Yeltsin. The number of the party in the last year of perestroika decreased from 20 to 15 million people, the Communist parties of the Baltic states declared themselves independent.”
What year's events are we talking about?
M.S. Gorbachev | KGB chairman |
||
E.A. Shevardnadze | minister of defense |
||
D.F. Ustinov | Foreign Secretary |
||
V.A. Kryuchkov | President of the USSR |
||
Minister of Internal Affairs |
Topic 6: USSR in 1945 – 1991
Test 12. USSR in 1965 – 1991. The period of “stagnation” and “perestroika.
Option 2
Perestroika, started by M.S. Gorbachev in 1985, was associated with
During the economic reform of 1965, carried out under the leadership of A.N. Kosygin,
Are the following statements true?
A. Perestroika originates from the policy of accelerating the socio-economic development of the country.
B. The most important component of the policy of perestroika was transparency in the discussion of pressing social problems.
The position on the leading and guiding role of the Communist Party in society was enshrined in
Constitution of the USSR 1936 |
|
Constitution of the USSR 1977 |
|
Constitution of the Russian Federation of 1993 |
|
1971 Peace Program |
During the implementation of the economic reform of 1987
What phenomena entered the social life of the USSR in the period 1965 - 1985?:
Choose the correct combination of answers:
One of the largest construction projects of the 1970s was the construction
Read an excerpt from an essay by a modern historian.
“There was no need to organize high-profile trials and broadcast campaigns, as was the case in the 30s and 40s. It was easy to put pressure on those you didn’t want, by depriving you of access to the viewer, the reader. Most talented poets, writers, artists, and directors, as a rule, found themselves in the border space between official and unofficial culture. Therefore, a small hint was enough, and publishing houses stopped accepting manuscripts, performances were removed from the repertoire, and films were shelved. It was possible not to shoot, but to force him to go abroad and then declare him a traitor. Even prominent, honored artists felt the pressure of the so-called “artistic councils”, which decided what might be necessary and understandable to the Soviet audience and what not.”
What event relates to the historical period being described?
Establish a correspondence between the statesmen of the USSR and the posts they held. Enter the answer you received in the table:
1. The monetary reform, during which the money supply in circulation was reduced, was carried out
1) in 1946 2) in 1947 3) in 1950 4) in 1952
2. Nationalist movements reached their greatest scope in the first post-war years1) in Western Ukraine, Western Belarus, the Baltic republics2) in the Caucasus and Crimea3) in Siberia and the Far East
4) in the RSFSR and the Middle Volga region
3. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed
1) in 1945 2) in 1946 3) in 1949 4) in 1952
4. Mark a feature of the post-war life of a collective farmer.
1) lack of old-age pensions
2) 8-hour working day
3) creation of enlarged personal subsidiary plots
4) maintaining a fixed salary
5. Participated in the development of the fourth five-year plan
1) N.S. Khrushchev 2) N.A. Voznesensky3) A.A. Kuznetsov 4) G.K. Zhukov
6. Which of the following is one of the results of the monetary reform of 1947 in the USSR?
1) increase in wages for industrial workers
2) decline in the standard of living of the main part of the population
3) decrease in foreign trade volumes
4) increasing allocations to agriculture
7. Which of the above applies to the policy of I.V. Stalin 1945-1953?
1) creation of a multi-party system
2) rehabilitation of peoples deported during the war
3) repression 4) creation of labor exchanges
9. Participated in the discussion “Economic problems of socialism of the USSR”
1) I.V. Stalin 2) N.S. Khrushchev
3) SI. Vavilov 4) A.A. Zhdanov
10. Which of the named sculptors is the creator of the monument to the Soldier-Liberator in Treptow Park in Berlin, the Motherland in Volgograd?
1) S. Konenkov 2) V. Mukhina3) E. Vuchetich 4) M. Anikushin
A.1 What was one of the reasons for the return to the pre-war version of the development of the economic system in the USSR after the Great Patriotic War?
1. the task of priority development of agriculture
2. deterioration of the international situation, the beginning of the Cold War
3. activation of national movements in all republics of the USSR
4. numerous protests by workers against harsh living and working conditions
A 2. The “Iron Curtain” is:
a) the wall that separated East Berlin from West Berlin b) the border system of socialist countries c) the split of the world into two hostile camps d) the difficulties of exchange with “third world” countries
A 3 Which three of the following traits characterized the development
economy in 1945 – 1953?
2. leasing of part of industrial enterprises
3. high rates of industrial development
4. low purchase prices for agricultural products
5. liquidation of a number of line ministries
6. transfer of part of the collective farm lands to personal subsidiary plots
collective farmers
a) the population’s fear of repression and the Gulag b) the monopoly of state property
C Consider the historical situation and answer the questions.
After the end of the Great Patriotic War in the USSR, there was a conviction in the public consciousness that the political regime should be softened, the country should develop along a democratic path, without all-encompassing state pressure, without repression.
What features characterized socio-political life in the USSR after the end of the Great Patriotic War? (Indicate at least two features). Why was this development path chosen? (Name at least two reasons).
Preview:
A .1 What was one of the reasons for the return to the pre-war version of the development of the economic system in the USSR after the Great Patriotic War? c) support from Western European states d) people’s faith in communist ideals |
A1. What was one of the reasons for the return to the pre-war version of the development of the economic system in the USSR after the Great Patriotic War? c) the split of the world into two hostile camps d) difficulties in exchange with “third world” countries 2. leasing of part of industrial enterprises 3. high rates of industrial development a) USSR b) USA c) Germany d) Japan c) support from Western European states d) people’s faith in communist ideals A6. What was one of the reasons for the difficult situation in the village in the first years after the Great Patriotic War?1. expenditure of funds on the development of virgin lands 2. liquidation of collective farms A7. what explained the rapid pace of economic recovery in the post-war years 1. use of foreign loans 2. use of labor of prisoners and special settlers 3. reduction of the military-industrial complex 4. return to the NEP A8. What is the return of prisoners of war, refugees, and migrants to their homeland? 1. deportation 2. Reparation 3. Repatriation 4. Demilitarization A9. In what year was the currency reform carried out?1. 1945 2. 1946 3. 1947 4. 1948 A10. What name was given to the global economic and ideological confrontation between the USSR and the USA and their allies? A 11. Match events and dates(please note, there are more dates, some are redundant, some will belong to the same year) |
Preview:
A) increasing purchase prices for collective farm products B) reducing unprofitable enterprises C) increasing the technical level of production D) developing nuclear energy 1. deprivation of collective farmers’ freedom of movement 2. development of personal subsidiary plots of collective farmers 3. large-scale housing construction 4. increasing labor productivity 1. increase in productivity 2. increase in workers at enterprises |
1. Identify the main contenders for power after Stalin’s death: A) Malenkov G.I. B) Molotov V.M. B) Beria L.P. D) Khrushchev N.S. 2. In what year did the company begin to develop virgin lands? A) 1954 B) 1955 C) 1956 D) 1957 3. Which of the reforms in the economy does not apply to the reforms of N.S. Khrushchev? A) increasing purchase prices for collective farm products B) reduction of unprofitable enterprises C) increasing the technical level of production D) development of nuclear energy 4. In what year was the Warsaw Pact Organization founded? A) 1953 B) 1954 C) 1955 D) 1955 5. What did the decisions of the 20th Congress of the CPSU lead to in 1956? 1. a new wave of repression 2. the elimination of the totalitarian regime 3. revival of the cult of personality of the leader 4. softening of the ruling regime of power 6. What is the restoration of the rights of repressed citizens called? what relates to Khrushchev’s activities in the social sphere 1. deprivation of collective farmers' freedom of movement 2. development of personal subsidiary plots of collective farmers 3. large-scale housing construction 4. increasing labor productivity 7. determine the sequence of events by writing down the numbers in chronological order 1. death of Stalin 2. formation of the CMEA 3. Khrushchev’s speech at the 20th Congress of the CPSU about exposing Stalin’s personality cult 4. Gagarin’s first flight into space 5. beginning of the development of virgin lands 6. creation of economic councils instead of ministries 8. politics. not taking into account objective laws, real conditions and possibilities is 1. reparation 2. mobilization 3. subjectivism 4. voluntarism 9. what definition characterizes the intensive path of production development 1. increase in productivity 2. increase in workers at enterprises 3. expansion of cultivated areas 4. construction of new enterprises 10. what definition characterizes the extensive path of production development 1. increase in productivity 2. increase in workers at enterprises 3. expansion of cultivated areas 4. introduction of new technologies |
Preview:
8. insert gaps into the text
1. team contract
1. match events and dates
2. which of the following does not apply to Kosygin’s economic reform
1. reduction in the number of mandatory planned indicators 2. proclamation of cost accounting
3. creation of economic councils 4. writing off debts from collective and state farms
3. what caused the failure of the agrarian reform of 1965
1. unfavorable weather conditions and, as a result, crop failure
2. use of administrative controls
3. development of market mechanisms 4. destruction of collective farms
4. what is a persistent shortage of any goods called?
1. stagnation 2. deficit 3. emissions 4. self-financing
5. what was the main core of the development of the Soviet economy in 1965-1985.
1. microelectronics 2. service sector 3. light industry 4. military-industrial complex
6. what is the name of running an enterprise on the basis of self-sufficiency, self-financing, self-government
7. what was the main source of income for the Soviet state budget under Brezhnev
1. sale of grain abroad 2. increased taxation of the country’s residents 3. petrodollars 4. sale of military industry achievements to third world countries
8. insert gaps into the text
As the _____________ model of economic development became obsolete in the USSR, the so-called _________ economy made itself felt more and more. In the country, in fact, a new social group was being formed - ___________ businessmen, and the first ___________ formations arose.
9. explain the meaning of the terms
1. team contract
2. territorial production complexes
3. agro-industrial integration
Preview:
Option 2 9. what is inflation? SURNAME PERIODS A) N.S. Khrushchev 1) 1982-1984. |
Option 2 1. Which of the following can be determined as the reason for the restructuring? A) worsening relations with the United States in the early 80s. B) successes of social policy in the USSR 2. What reforms of the political system relate to the perestroika period? A) convocation of the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR B) formation of the State Duma 3. Find the correct statement: A) political reforms in the USSR led to an increase in the authority of the CPSU 4. Which of the Soviet republics was the first to declare its sovereignty? A) Lithuania B) Estonia C) Ukraine 5. When did the explosion occur at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant?A) 1985 B) 1986 C) 1988 D) 1990 6. M.S. Gorbachev was elected President of the USSR 7. The highest legislative power in the Russian Federation belongs to A) Federal Assembly B) Supreme Court C) Government D) President 8. What are the features of the economic reforms of perestroika? A) creation of the private sector in the economy B) introduction of rental relations 9. what is inflation? 10. Establish a correspondence between the names of the leaders of the USSR and the periods of their stay in power SURNAME PERIODS A) N.S. Khrushchev 1) 1982-1984. |
2. Establish a correspondence between concepts and periods with which they are associated
CONCEPTS OF PERIODS
A) perestroika 1) 1945-1953.
B) de-Stalinization 2) 1953-1964.
B) Stalinism 3) 1965-1985.
4) 1985-1991
3. Read an excerpt from a media report and indicate the year when the events described took place:
“According to reliable sources, the President of the USSR M.S. Gorbachev, who was removed from power by the State Emergency Committee on the night of August 19 “due to his inability to govern the state due to health conditions,” is now under house arrest at his dacha in Crimea.”
Answer:
4. Read an excerpt from the work of a modern historian and indicate what event is being discussed.
“Radioactive contamination... affected many areas of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia - an area of over 200 thousand square kilometers. An increase in the radioactive background was noted in other countries: Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Norway, Finland, Sweden, and even in such distant countries as Brazil and Japan.”
Answer:
5. Establish a correspondence between the names of Soviet leaders and the concepts that they put forward.
SURNAME CONCEPT
A) M.S. Gorbachev 1) achieving political stability in society
B) L.I. Brezhnev 2) “new political thinking”
B) V.V. Putin 3) the concept of “developed socialism”
4) the idea of world revolution
Part C.
Assess the political transformations in the country during the years of perestroika.
Option II
Part A.
1. What are the features of the economic reforms of perestroika?
A) creation of the private sector in the economy
B) introduction of rental relations
B) the emergence of farming
D) privatization of state property
2. Which of the political figures of the USSR was rehabilitated during the years of perestroika?
A) N. Bukharin
B) V. Molotov
B) M. Tukhachevsky
3. When did the coup aimed at curtailing reforms take place in Moscow?
4. In which countries did M.S. Gorbachev’s meetings with US presidents take place?
A) Iceland
B) Belgium
B) Switzerland
D) Spain
5. What successes have been achieved thanks to the policy of new thinking?
A) construction of a joint orbital station began
B) managed to achieve the start of negotiations on resolving the Arab-Israeli conflict
B) the reduction of an entire class of missiles and nuclear weapons began
6. A new phenomenon in the socio-political life of Russia in the 1990s. became
A) holding elections on a non-alternative basis B) developing a dissident movement
B) the formation of a multi-party system
D) subordination of the local government system to the central government
7. The concept of “stagnation” is associated with the period when the USSR was in charge
A) I.V. Stalin
B) N.S. Khrushchev
B) L.I. Brezhnev
D) M.S. Gorbachev
8. The reason for the reduction in industrial production in the USSR in the early 1990s. is
A) rejection of command methods of economic management
B) implementation of privatization of state property
C) the inconsistency of M. Gorbachev’s economic reforms
D) mass strike movement against reforms
9. What was a characteristic feature of Russia's economic development in the 1990s?
A) transition to a territorial system of economic management
B) transition from a directive management system to a market economy
C) introduction of full economic accounting at enterprises
D) improving state planning in the economy
10. In the 1990s. Russian presidents took office as a result of
A) election by the State Duma
B) appointments by the Federal Assembly
B) popular elections
D) appointments by the Constitutional Court
11. The consequences of the policy of glasnost in the USSR include
A) the beginning of the rehabilitation of victims of Stalinist repressions
B) a decline in interest in the history of socialist society
C) abolition of secrecy of state secrets
D) society’s awareness of the essence of the totalitarian system
12. The consequence of the policy of glasnost in the USSR during the perestroika period was (o)
A) arrest of opponents of perestroika
B) official condemnation of the political activities of the CPSU in previous decades
C) publication of previously prohibited works of literature
D) growth of the ranks of the CPSU
Part B.
1. Establish a correspondence between the events of the 20th century and the years when this event took place
EVENTS YEARS
A) withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan 1) 1993
B) adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation 2) 1989
C) formation of the CIS 3) 1998
4) 1991
2. Establish a correspondence between the names of the leaders of the USSR and the periods of their stay in power
SURNAME PERIODS
A) Yu.V.Andropov 1) 1953-1964.
B) N.S. Khrushchev 2) 1964-1982.
B) M.S. Gorbachev 3) 1982-1984.
4) 1985-1991
3. Read an excerpt from a speech by one of the leaders of the Soviet state and indicate his last name:
“Dear compatriots! Fellow citizens! Due to the current situation with the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States, I am ceasing my activities as President of the USSR. I make this decision for reasons of principle. I firmly stood for independence, the independence of peoples, and the sovereignty of republics. But at the same time, for the preservation of the union state, the integrity of the country. Events took a different path. The prevailing line was to dismember the country and disunite the state, with which I cannot agree.”
Answer:
4. Read an excerpt from a historical document and indicate the name of the leader of the USSR in question:
“By character he was a good-natured and gentle person, loved a joke and himself embodied stability, which, however, turned into stagnation, and his pliability and vanity led to shameful manipulation by those around him.”
Answer:
5. Establish a correspondence between the names of cultural figures and their areas of activity.
LAST NAMES FIELDS OF ACTIVITY
A) A. Solzhenitsyn 1) music
B) S. Bondarchuk 2) film directing
B) M. Rostropovich 3) painting
4) literature
Part C. Assess the results of the “glasnost” policy during the years of perestroika.
Test on the topic “The Great Patriotic War - part of the Second World War”
Part A.
1. In what year was the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact signed?
A) 1922
B) 1933
B) 1936
D) 1939
2. The reason for the retreat of the Red Army in the first months of the Great Patriotic War was
A) lack of modern weapons of the Red Army
B) repressions among the command staff of the Red Army
C) lack of military schools for officer training
D) the distance of Soviet airfields from the western borders
3. The idea of blitzkrieg was incorporated into the plan by the German General Staff:
A) "Ost"
B) "Barbarossa"
B) "Typhoon"
D) "Kremlin"
4. The highest state body that concentrated all power during the Great Patriotic War became:
A) State Defense Committee
B) Council of Labor and Defense
B) Supreme Council
D) Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief
5. Order No. 227 of July 28, 1942 became known in the army as the order:
A) “Death to the occupiers!”
B) Against cowards and deserters
B) “Not a step back!”
D) “Only forward!”
6. When did the Red Army counter-offensive near Moscow begin?
A) September 30, 1941
B) July 5, 1943
B) December 5, 1941
D) November 19, 1942
7. The main direction of the main attack of the German army in the summer of 1942 was:
A) capture of Moscow
B) capture of Leningrad
C) the defeat of the Allies in North Africa
D) capture of the Caucasus
8. The names of the Young Guards are associated with the city:
A) Krasnodon
B) Krasnodar
B) Stalingrad
D) Donetsk
9. The plan for the defeat of German troops at Stalingrad was called:
A) "Typhoon"
B) "Uranus"
B) "Citadel"
D) "Bagration"
10. The largest tank battle of the Great Patriotic War took place during the battle
A) Kursk
B) near Moscow
B) Stalingrad
D) for the Dnieper
11. “Cauldron” is:
A) line of defense of a strategically important facility
B) the area of the densest artillery fire
B) the area where the main troops are deployed before the offensive
D) isolation of the enemy group for subsequent destruction or capture
12. What was the name of the process of mass movement to the eastern regions of the country: population, industrial enterprises, artistic values, etc.?
A) deportation
B) mobilization
B) repatriation
D) evacuation
A) Leningrad direction
B) Belarusian direction
B) Kiev direction
D) Chisinau direction
14. The most popular poem during the war, “Wait for Me,” was written by:
A) Isakovsky
B) Surkov
B) Simonov
D) Gudzenko
15. During the Great Patriotic War, the salute was first given in honor of liberation
A) Sevastopol
B) Koenigsberg
B) Leningrad
D) Belgorod and Orel
Part B.
1. Which battles of the Great Patriotic War are associated with the concept of “radical change”. Name two battles out of the five suggested.
1) Battle of Moscow
2) Battle of Stalingrad
3) Battle of Smolensk
4) Kursk Bulge
5) Battle for the Caucasus
Answer:
2. Place in chronological order:
A) peace treaty with Finland
B) the beginning of the Second World War
B) a treaty between Germany and the USSR on friendship and borders
D) the surrender of France in the war with Nazi Germany
D) the beginning of the Soviet-Finnish war
3. Match:
1) the beginning of the counter-offensive of Soviet troops in the Stalingrad area A) December 5, 1941.
2) the beginning of the counteroffensive of the Red Army in the Battle of Kursk B) November 19, 1942
3) the beginning of the offensive of Soviet troops in Belarus B) July 12, 1943
4) Battle of Moscow D) June 23, 1944
4. Read an excerpt from the decision of the Yalta Conference of the leaders of the USSR, Great Britain and the USA and name the organization in question.
“We consider it necessary to create an international organization aimed at preserving peace. We believe that this is essential both for preventing aggression and for eliminating the political, economic and social causes of war through close and constant cooperation of all peace-loving peoples.”
Answer:
5. Name the document:
“Both Contracting Parties undertake to refrain from any violence, from any aggressive actions and from any attack... The agreement is concluded for a period of ten years... Done in two originals in German and Russian in Moscow.”
Answer:
Part C.
Read an excerpt from the memoirs of Marshal of the Soviet Union A.M. Vasilevsky.
“... If our military units and formations had been mobilized in a timely manner, brought to the lines designated for them by plan, deployed on them, organized clear interaction with artillery, tank troops and aviation, then it can be assumed that already in the first days of the war the enemy would have been such losses were inflicted that would not have allowed him to advance so far in our country.
... It is wrong to explain the unsuccessful start of the war solely by Stalin’s mistakes. The party saw the approach of war and made every effort to delay the entry of the Soviet Union into it. It was a wise and realistic course. [The whole problem is how long such a course had to be carried out.]
...It was necessary to carry out forced mobilization and put our border military districts on full combat readiness and organize a tough layered defense. Stalin could not grasp this turning point.
What are the reasons for such a major miscalculation of this experienced and far-sighted politician? First of all, the fact that our intelligence agencies... could not fully objectively evaluate the incoming information about the military trained by Nazi Germany and honestly, in a party way, report it to I.V. Stalin... t I.V. Stalin overestimated the possibilities of diplomacy in solving this task...
On the fateful night of the start of the war... selected fascist hordes, with two years of experience in warfare, attacked our border troops and covering troops.”
C1. A.S. Vasilevsky believes that I.V. Stalin “overestimated the possibilities of diplomacy” in the hope of delaying the military clash with Germany. Name and date a treaty that could illustrate that such diplomatic efforts actually took place.
C2. Based on the text, name at least four facts that caused the defeat of the Red Army in the summer of 1941.
C3. What does A.M. Vasilevsky see as the basis for the “major miscalculations” made by Stalin before the start of the war?
C4. Name at least two examples that the USSR was actively preparing for war with Germany. Indicate at least three reasons that led to the brutal defeats of the Red Army at the initial stage of the war.
Key to the test on the topic “Perestroika in the USSR”
Option I Option II
Part A
1. B 1. A, B, C
2. A, B, D 2. A
3. B 3. C
4. A 4. A, B, D
5. B 5. B, V
6. B 6. C
7. A 7. B
8. G 8. V
9. B 9. B
10.V 10.V
11.G 11.G
12.V 12.V
Part B
1. 342 1. 214
2. 421 2. 314
3. 1991 3. Gorbachev
4. Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant 4. Brezhnev
5. 231 5. 421
Key to the test on the topic “The Great Patriotic War - part of the Second World War”
Part A.
1. G
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. B
6. B
7. G
8. A
9. B
10. A
11. G
12. G
13. B
14.V
15. G
Part B.
1. 2, 4
2. B C D A D
3. B C D A
4. UN
5. Non-aggression pact
1. What year is the start date of “perestroika” determined?
a) 1982; b) 1986; c) 1985
2. Proclaimed M.S. Gorbachev’s concept of “new political thinking” included:
a) rejection of the socialist choice in favor of the liberal one;
b) more active participation of the USSR in resolving regional conflicts around the world;
c) rejection of the principle of proletarian internationalism and recognition of the priority of universal human values over class ones.
3. The strategy for accelerating the socio-economic development of the USSR, put forward at the beginning of perestroika, was based on:
a) widespread attraction of foreign investment;
b) strengthening production and performance discipline;
c) strengthening centralized management and improving planning.
4. One of the directions of reforming the political system of the USSR in the second half of the 1980s. was:
a) holding elections on an alternative basis;
b) carrying out personnel changes in the governing bodies of the CPSU;
c) the transition from Soviet power to a parliamentary-type republic.
5. The essence of the economic reform of 1987-1988. was...
a) reducing the rights of enterprises and eliminating private activities;
b) expanding the rights of enterprises and encouraging private activity;
c) legalization of the “shadow economy”.
6. When was the new highest body of legislative power established - the Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR
and the corresponding Republican conventions?
a) August 1985; b) June 1988; c) July 1990
7. He was elected the first President of the USSR in March 1990...
a) B.N. Yeltsin; b) M.S. Gorbachev; c) V.V. Putin.
8. During the all-Union referendum held in March 1991, the majority of its participants spoke in favor of:
a) voluntary withdrawal of individual republics from the USSR;
b) preservation of the renewed USSR;
c) formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
9. What happened on the night of August 18-19, 1991?
a) Chernobyl disaster;
b) attempted coup (“putsch”);
c) all-Russian strike.
10. Which republics of the USSR took part in the signing of the “Belovezhskaya Agreement” on December 8, 1991?
a) Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus;
b) Ukraine, Russia, Armenia;
c) Russia, Ukraine, Belarus.
Preview:
1. What was the name of the program of economic reforms launched in the Russian Federation in 1991? 2. complete the list and give it a title 1. liberalization ________ 2. _____________________ 3. corporatization 4. _____________ tax policy 5. addressing system ________________ 3. find the term for this concept establishing a free exchange rate of the ruble against foreign currencies based on supply and demand 1. inflation 2. convertibility 3. gold reserves 4. privatization 4. who owns the phrase “The goal of privatization is to build capitalism in Russia, and in a few years, fulfilling the norm that took the rest of the world centuries”1. Yeltsin 2. Chernomyrdin 3. Chubais 4. Gaidar 5. Match the names with positions held in the 1990s. 6. which of the listed parties of the Russian Federation of that time can be called pro-government 1. LDPR 2. Communist Party of the Russian Federation 3. Russia's Choice 4. Yabloko 5. Our home is Russia 6. Agrarian Party of the Russian Federation 7. What events in Russian history are associated with 1993?1. elections of the President of the Russian Federation 2. elections to the Parliament of the Russian Federation 3. shelling of the building of the Supreme Council 4. August putsch 5. referendum on the adoption of the constitution 6. referendum on confidence in the president 7. impeachment of President Yeltsin 8. end of the Cold War 9. parade of sovereignties 8. What form of government was established in the Russian Federation after the adoption of the new constitution? 10. “Take as much sovereignty as you can carry.”Who owns the words and what event do they characterize? |
1. What was the name of the program of economic reforms launched in the Russian Federation in 1991? 2. complete the list and give it a title 1. liberalization ________ 2. _____________________ 3. corporatization 4. _____________ tax policy 5. addressing system ________________ 3. find the term for this concept establishing a free exchange rate of the ruble against foreign currencies based on supply and demand 1. inflation 2. convertibility 3. gold reserves 4. privatization 4. who owns the phrase “The goal of privatization is to build capitalism in Russia, and in a few years, fulfilling the norm that took the rest of the world centuries”1. Yeltsin 2. Chernomyrdin 3. Chubais 4. Gaidar 5. Match the names with positions held in the 1990s. 6. which of the listed parties of the Russian Federation of that time can be called pro-government 1. DPR 2. Communist Party of the Russian Federation 3. Choice of Russia 4. Yabloko 5. Our home is Russia 6. Agrarian Party of the Russian Federation 7. What events in Russian history are associated with 1993?1. elections of the President of the Russian Federation 2 elections to the Parliament of the Russian Federation 3. shelling of the Supreme Council building 4. August putsch 5. referendum on the adoption of the constitution 6. referendum on confidence in the president 7. impeachment of President Yeltsin 8. end of the Cold War 9. parade of sovereignties 8. What form of government was established in the Russian Federation after the adoption of the new constitution? 10. “Take as much sovereignty as you can carry.” Who owns the words and what event do they characterize? |
Test "Apogee and crisis of the Soviet system. 1945-1991"
1. What feature characterized the state of agriculture in the 1950s?
1) the area under cultivation has sharply decreased
2) the area of individual subsidiary plots has increased significantly
3) collective farmers were given the opportunity to purchase tractors as private property
4) mass development of virgin lands began
2. Sign of “stagnation” in the USSR economy in the 1970s-1980s:
1) reduction in the number of management staff
2) complete separation of science from industry
3) reduction in military production
4) lag in the scientific and technical field
3. Which of the following can be identified as the reason for the restructuring?
A) worsening relations with the United States in the early 80s.
B) successes of social policy in the USSR
B) the arms race undermined the economy of the USSR
4. Find the correct statement:
A) political reforms in the USSR led to an increase in the authority of the CPSU
B) as a result of political reforms, the CPSU lost its monopoly of power
C) the result of political reforms in the USSR was an increase in the number of members of the CPSU
5. When did the explosion occur at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant?
A) 1985
B) 1986
B) 1988
6. Establish a correspondence between the names of the leaders of the USSR and the periods of their stay in power
SURNAME PERIODS
A) N.S. Khrushchev 1) 1982-1984.
B) M.S. Gorbachev 2) 1964-1982.
B) L.I. Brezhnev 3) 1953-1964.
D) Yu.V. Andropova 4) 1985-1991.
7. Establish correspondence between concepts and periods with which they are associated
CONCEPTS OF PERIODS
A) perestroika 1) 1945-1953.
B) de-Stalinization 2) 1953-1964.
B) Stalinism 3) 1965-1985.
D) stagnation 4) 1985-1991.
8. What are the features of the economic reforms of perestroika?
A) creation of the private sector in the economy
B) introduction of rental relations
B) the emergence of farming
D) privatization of state property
9.
The consequence of the policy of glasnost in the USSR during the period of perestroika was (o)
A) arrest of opponents of perestroika
B) official condemnation of the political activities of the CPSU in previous decades
C) publication of previously prohibited works of literature
D) growth of the ranks of the CPSU
10. Which of the named statesmen held the post of General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee
A) L.I. Brezhnev
B) G.M. Malenkov
B) Yu.V. Andropov
D) N.S. Khrushchev
D) A.A. Gromyko
E) M. S. Gorbachev
Please indicate the correct answer
A) ABD B) AVE C) AGE D) HGE
11. Which of the following characterizes personnel policy in the CPSU in the 1970s - early 1980s?
A) alternativeness in the election of party leadership
B) a ban on holding leadership positions in the party for persons over 70 years of age
C) preferential appointment of Russians to leadership positions in the Union republics
D) long tenure of managers in their positions
12. Which of the following events occurred in the period from 1975 to 1980?
A) election of Yu.V. Andropov for the post of General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee
B) the beginning of the “acceleration” policy
B) adoption of the new fourth Soviet Constitution
D) the first spacewalk of Soviet cosmonauts
13. The consequence of the development of the dissident movement in the USSR during the period of “stagnation” was
A) Introducing articles on civil liberties into the Constitution of the USSR
B) strengthening party control over the creative intelligentsia
B) an increase in the number of labor strikes
D) limitation of the functions of the KGB
14. Pluralism is
A) a political regime with unlimited power of one person
B) leadership positions and persons approved by party bodies
B) officers of the Soviet Army
D) plurality of opinions, views
15.What can be attributed to the reasons for the collapse of the USSR:
A) Weakening of state structures and the decline in the prestige of the Communist Party
B) intensification of the activities of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR
C) renewal of the ranks of the party apparatus
16. Read an excerpt from a speech by one of the leaders of the Soviet state and indicate his last name:
“Dear compatriots! Fellow citizens! Due to the current situation with the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States, I am ceasing my activities as President of the USSR. I make this decision for reasons of principle. I firmly stood for independence, the independence of peoples, and the sovereignty of republics. But at the same time, for the preservation of the union state, the integrity of the country. Events took a different path. The prevailing line was to dismember the country and disunite the state, with which I cannot agree.”
Answer:
17. Read an excerpt from a historical document and indicate the name of the leader of the USSR in question:
“By character he was a good-natured and gentle person, loved a joke and himself embodied stability, which, however, turned into stagnation, and his pliability and vanity led to shameful manipulation by those around him.”
Answer:
18.. Read an excerpt from a media report and indicate the year in which the events described took place:
“According to reliable sources, the President of the USSR M.S. Gorbachev, who was removed from power by the State Emergency Committee on the night of August 19 “due to his inability to govern the state due to health conditions,” is now under house arrest at his dacha in Crimea.”
Control test work
Option I
b) development of virgin lands;
c) the split of Germany;
f) Cuban missile crisis;
2) attempt at a putsch by the State Emergency Committee;
2) Plisetskaya M.; b) cinema;
3) Bodrov S.; to the theatre;
4) Tabakov O. d) literature;
EVENTS PERIODS OF HISTORY
3) dissolution of the Department of Internal Affairs;
4) “Prague Spring”.
Option II
1. Place in the correct order the following events in the history of Russia 1945-1991;
a) dispersal of the CPSU on Russian territory;
b) election of Yeltsin B.N. President of the RSFSR;
c) the formation of economic councils;
d) “the doctors’ case”;
e) carrying out “Kosygin” reforms;
f) board of Chernenko K.U.
2. Select from the list given events related to the reign of L.I. Brezhnev.
1) increase in the number of officials;
2) transparency policy;
3) growth of privileges of the nomenklatura;
4) neo-Stalinism;
5) interethnic conflict in the Fergana Valley.
3. Establish the correct correspondence between the characteristic features of cultural development and periods of history.
CHARACTERISTICS PERIODS
1) strict control; a) thaw;
2) publicity; b) stagnation;
3) dudes; c) perestroika;
4) samizdat d) post-war period.
4. Establish the correct correspondence between events and periods of USSR foreign policy
EVENTS PERIODS
1) the collapse of the world socialist system; A) 1953-1964;
2) new political thinking; B) 1985 - 1991;
3) resumption of diplomatic relations with Japan;
4) creation of the Warsaw Pact Organization.
5. Name 1 fact from the field of economic, internal political and spiritual life of Soviet society that proves that the period from 1985 to 1991. is truly a period of “perestroika”.
6. Give definitions:
shadow economy, personnel revolution
7. Indicate at least 2 areas of foreign policy activities of L.I. Brezhnev. Identify at least 2 outcomes (results) of his leadership.
8. Name at least 3 reasons for the exacerbation of interethnic conflicts during the era of perestroika.
Option III
1. Place the following events in Russian history from 1953 to 1991 in correct chronological order:
a) the reign of Andropov Yu.V.;
b) renaming the people's commissariats into ministries;
c) holding the 20th Party Congress;
d) the policy of détente in international politics;
e) election of M.S. Gorbachev as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party;
e) Y. Gagarin’s flight into space.
2. Select N.S. transformations from the list provided. Khrushchev.
1) corn epic;
2) universal free education;
3) liquidation of line ministries;
4) transfer of MTS into the ownership of collective farms;
5) adoption of the Constitution of “developed socialism”.
3. Set the correct match.
CULTURAL FIGURES AREA OF CULTURE
1) Rostropovich M.L.; a) opera;
2) Lyubimov Yu.; b) theater;
3) Solzhenitsyn A.; c) music;
4) Obraztsova E.. d) literature;
4. Establish a correspondence between events and periods of economic reforms.
EVENTS PERIODS OF HISTORY
1) creation of economic councils; A) "perestroika"
2) transition to self-financing and self-sufficiency; B) thaw.
3) development of the cooperative movement;
4) increase in purchase prices for agricultural products.
5. Name 1 fact from the field of economic, domestic political and international life of Soviet society that proves that in the post-war period the country really was restored.
6. Define:
stagnation, conversion.
7. Name at least 2 areas of restructuring policy. Determine 2 consequences (outcomes) of its implementation.
8. Name at least 3 reasons for the collapse of the USSR.
Standards and “price” of answers.
1 option
Option 2
Option 3
price
1
Begdav
Vdbega
Vdebag
2
421
134
145
3
1d 2d 3b 4c
1c 2d 3b 4d
1c 2d 3d 4a
4
Abba
Bbaa
Baab
5
Any wording is allowed that does not distort the general meaning of the answer.
Maxi -
little
6
7
8
Criteria for evaluation.
30 - 33 points
Rating "5"
24 - 29 points
Rating "4"
16 – 23 points
Rating "3"
15 or less points
Rating "2"
PRACTICAL WORK No. 11 ON THE TOPIC: USSR IN 1945 – 1991
Control test work
Option I
1. Place in the correct order the following events in the history of the country from 1945 to 1991:
a) election of M.S. Gorbachev as President of the USSR;
b) development of virgin lands;
c) the split of Germany;
d) the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan;
e) proclamation of the course of perestroika;
f) Cuban missile crisis;
2. Select from the list of events related to the process of the collapse of the USSR.
1) signing of the Belovezhskaya agreements;
2) attempt at a putsch by the State Emergency Committee;
3) adoption of the 1993 Constitution;
4) secession of the Baltic republics from the USSR;
5) signing of the SALT-1 agreement.
3. Set the correct match.
CULTURAL FIGURES AREA OF CULTURE
1) Solzhenitsyn A.I.; a) ballet.
2) Plisetskaya M.; b) cinema;
3) Bodrov S.; to the theatre;
4) Tabakov O. d) literature;
4. Establish a correspondence between the events and periods of the history of the USSR:
EVENTS PERIODS OF HISTORY
1) Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; A) 1964-1985;
2) withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan; B) 1985-1991
3) dissolution of the Department of Internal Affairs;
4) “Prague Spring”.
5. Name 1 fact from the field of economic, internal political and spiritual life of Soviet society that proves that the period from 1964 to 1985. is indeed a period of “stagnation”.
6. Define: superpower, thaw.
7. Indicate at least 2 areas of internal political activity of N.S. Khrushchev. Identify at least 2 outcomes (results) of his leadership.
8. Name at least 3 sources of restoration of the national economy after the war.
PRACTICAL WORK No. 11
