In order to improve the quality of running in children, it is advisable to use various types: running on toes, running with wide strides, running with high hip lifts, which trains the abdominal, back and foot muscles, light, rhythmic running to music, which influences the development of coordination and dexterity of movements. ; running between objects and with objects (jump ropes, hoops); running over obstacles and on a limited plane (outlined boundaries), facilitating the acquisition of orientation in space and coordination of movements; running with various tasks performed on a signal and for orientation in space and in a group, cultivating dexterity and a quick reaction to changes in the environment around the child. Types of running and running exercises differ in execution technique.

NORMAL RUNNING. The correct technique for such running is considered to be: the ability to run freely, easily, with natural arm movements. Regular running at an average pace is widely used to teach some elements of technique and the skills of proper coordinated movement. With this kind of running, children can better control their movements, feel them well, and can make adjustments to their actions. Regular running can be carried out in various formations: in a column one at a time, in pairs, in a circle, “snake”, etc. Approximate duration of continuous running increases gradually from 10-15 s in the younger groups to 35-40 s in the older groups (repeated 2-4 times with breaks). For children 6-7 years old at the end of the school year, the duration of running can be within one minute, since over the course of the year children master the elements of correct running technique and their functional fitness increases.

RUNNING ON YOUR TOES. The foot should be placed on the front of the foot without the heel touching the floor. The stride is short, the pace is fast. The movements of the hands are calm, relaxed, in rhythm with the steps, do not raise them high, you can put your hands on your belt.

RUNNING WITH HIGH KNEES. Run, raising your leg bent at the knee at a right angle, placing it on the floor with a soft, elastic and at the same time quite energetic movement on the forefoot. The step is short, with little forward movement. The body is straight and slightly tilted back, the head is raised high. You can put your hands on your belt. Alternate with regular running or walking.

RUNNING WITH WIDE STEPS. Take long steps, increasing the push and flight time (as if jumping over an imaginary obstacle). Place your foot from the heel with a roll over the entire foot. Try to fully straighten your pushing leg, pushing off energetically. Hand movements are free and sweeping.

RUNNING WITH YOUR KNEE BENDED BACK. The body is tilted forward slightly more than usual, hands are on the belt. The leg bent at the knee is pulled back after the push (try to reach the buttock with the heel). Alternate with regular running, while relaxing your legs a little more, giving them rest. Running with a cross step. Perform by overlapping almost straight legs: with the right - to the left, with the left - to the right. The leg is placed on the foot.

RUNNING WITH JUMPING. Performed energetically, with a wide sweeping movement. The duration of continuous running on the toes, with the knees raised high, with the leg bent at the knee moving back, is short (10-20 s). As a rule, these types of running are repeated 2-3 times, alternating each type with regular running or walking. Running with a wide step is given at a distance of 10-12 m. For this running, you can use various landmarks - lines, cords, flat hoops, medicine balls.

RUNNING AT A FAST PACE. Fast running is most often used in games with elements of competition. The duration of such a run is short - 5-8 s. However, alternating with natural stops - rest, it can be repeated 4-5 times.

SLOW RUN. Recently it has gained great popularity, mainly as a means of developing general endurance and increasing the functional capabilities of the body. In this run, you need to be able to maintain a slow pace, not speed up or slow down, and run rhythmically. Take short steps, place your foot on the forefoot or elastically from heel to toe. The movements of the arms are calm, the arms are bent at the elbows at waist level, the shoulders are slightly relaxed.

VARIABLE PACE RUN is used in combination with other movements. The main task when teaching this type of running is to teach children to choose the pace and type of running that most matches the content of the task. You must be able to quickly and deftly switch from running to another type of movement. For example, crawl under a hoop or rope, walk along a log, and then continue running without stopping, without changing direction. Different exercises can be offered at a variable pace.

SHUTTLE RUN. A wide, rapid stride alternates with sharp braking at the end when moving in a straight line and frequent steps when turning. Before changing direction, the pace is faster, the steps are shorter, and the knees are bent more to maintain balance. Hand movements are natural, helping movement in a straight line and when turning.

RUNNING COMBINED WITH CLIMBING under sticks, climbing through hoops, jumping over, jumping up. Here you need to be able to slow down and speed up your running pace before overcoming an obstacle.

RUNNING IN DIFFERENT NATURAL CONDITIONS develops the ability to use the type of running most appropriate to these conditions, its pace and speed. Running on a winding path is different from running in a straight line, and running on sand requires different technique and effort than running on a dirt path.

By changing the conditions familiar to children, selecting different combinations of them, it is necessary to promote the development of a skill that is so necessary in life - to use the most effective type of running in accordance with the surface conditions (dirt, grassy, ​​asphalt path, running on sand, water, uphill).

In order for children to master different types of running, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for them, teach them the basic elements of technique, and offer games and exercises that include running.

Children from 1.5 years old are more likely to run at an average pace with a ribbon, a car, or a gurney. The guys each run at their own pace, alternating running with walking and stopping, i.e., as if natural breaks for rest. Some children are more active, mobile, and often run on their own initiative. Others need to be activated, offered tasks to perform running movements, for example, catching up with an adult, a peer, running to a tree, a slide.

Conversation with senior preschool children “A little about running” using a multimedia presentation

Evgenia Vladimirovna Vaganova, physical education instructor at MADOOU No. 21 “Iskorka”, Berdsk

This development is designed for children of older preschool age and is intended for physical education instructors and teachers of preschool educational institutions. The material will also be of interest to physical education teachers in primary schools and anyone interested in the problems of children's physical education. The material gives a definition of running, a little history about running, discusses different types of running, talks about the benefits and harms of running, as well as about the fastest animals.

Goal and tasks: Formation of elementary ideas about running. Instilling in children the need to take care of their health.
Preliminary work: Studying literature on this topic and preparing a multimedia presentation to accompany the conversation.

Progress of the event

File No. 1 (splash screen)

Good afternoon, dear guys and guests. Today I invited you to talk about running. We all know how to run and use running very often in our lives.
What do we know about running? What is running, where did it come from and what is it for?
There is one very ancient saying that goes like this: “If you want to be strong, run, if you want to be beautiful, run, if you want to be smart, run.”
File No. 2

Running is one of the ways of movement for humans and animals. Running differs from walking in its “flight phase.” This means that while running, at some point both legs leave the floor or the ground. We can say that a person can “fly”.
File No. 3

Man has always been able to run, otherwise he would not have survived. In ancient times, a person had to run away from predators, hunt fast animals that served as food, which were much stronger and faster than a person, and therefore a person used to die more often while hunting. Over time, people noticed that those who run more than others become agile, strong and resilient. And so people began to run not only to get food, play or escape from enemies, but also to train their strength, agility and endurance. The stronger and more resilient a person became, the more successfully he hunted. And, of course, a person, thanks to training, could successfully defend his lands and homes from enemies.
File No. 4

Running has become not just a movement, but a physical exercise. Since then they began to hold running competitions. Even the first thirteen Olympic Games consisted of only one sport - running. Over time, sports running became more diverse. Today in sports there are the following types of running:
File No. 5

Hurdling. Athletes run along a distance, overcoming barriers.
File No. 6

Relay race. 8-9 tracks are involved. Each team has four people. All attention is focused on the baton. The athlete running in the first stage must pass it on to the athlete running the next stage. If an athlete loses his stick, he must pick it up. Each team runs along its own track.
File No. 7

For short distances. 8-9 people start, each running along their own track.
Middle distances. Medium distances include distances from 800m to 3km.
File No. 8

Long distances. The races are not held at the stadium, but on the highway. During this time, the highways are closed to cars. Massive start.
The longest distance is called the marathon and is 42 km 195 m. The most enduring people run the marathon distance, and they are called stayers. And the fastest people run the shortest distance, 100m, and they are called sprinters.
File No. 9

Today, the fastest man on the planet is an athlete from the country of Jamaica, Usain Bolt.
File No. 10

For six years no one can defeat him. And they call this fast athlete “LIGHTNING”
Guys, do you think running competitions can be funny? Of course they can! Such competitions use various fun types of running, e.g.
File No. 11

running with fins,
File No. 12

by ski,
File No. 13

in funny costumes. Such competitions lift people's spirits and help them make friends.
Guys, tell me, is running used only in competitions? Of course not. In what situations do you use running? During games on the street and at home, if you are late for something, during physical education classes.
If you run fast, you develop speed. Fast running is not used for long distances, because a fast running person gets tired just as quickly. And if you run long and slowly, you strengthen your heart. This kind of running is called health running.
File No. 14

Everyone can do recreational running: children, adults and even your grandparents.
But guys, you need to run wisely. You can do recreational jogging in parks, in the forest, by the sea, lakes, in fields, wherever there is clean air. Only then will running really be beneficial.
File No. 15

But if you run along highways or where the air is polluted, you can cause irreparable harm to your health. And if you are sick and have a fever, then you need to hold off on running, because if you don’t do this, your heart will be harmed.
Guys, do you know which animal is the fastest?
File No. 16

The fastest running animal is the cheetah. It can reach speeds of up to 110-115 km/h. According to the rules, it is not allowed to drive cars at this speed, because it is a very high and dangerous speed.
File No. 17

An ostrich can reach speeds of up to 70 km/h. This is faster than cars are allowed to drive in the city.
File No. 18

Who do you think runs faster bunny?
File No. 19

or a wolf? Remember the fairy tales, the wolf can always catch up with the bunny?
The bunny runs as fast as the wolf and can reach speeds of up to 50 km/h. That’s why it’s not for nothing that they call him the “run around” bunny.
Every workout for an athlete begins with a warm-up. And if children are tired of sitting, what do they do? That's right, warm-up too.
A musical physical exercise is held.

After the physical session, children are surveyed on the topic of the conversation.
Questions:
1. How is running different from walking?
2. What physical qualities are trained by running?
3. What sports did the first Olympic Games consist of?
4. What types of running are there in sports?
5. What is the longest running distance called?
6. How should you run to develop speed?
7. How should you run to strengthen your heart?
8. Is it possible to jog along highways?
9. In what places should you do recreational jogging?
10. When should you not run?
11. Which animal is the fastest?
12. Where does each workout begin?
Praise the children and thank them for their attention.

Prikhodko Natalya Alekseevna

In the period from three to seven years, the child grows and develops intensively, movement becomes his need, therefore physical education is especially important during this age period(Zh.E. Firilyova, E.G. Saikina, 2000).

All famous teachers from ancient times to the present day note: movement is an important means of education (V.A. Shishkina, 1992). By moving, the child learnsthe world around him, learns to love it and purposefully act in it. Movements are the first sources of courage, endurance, determination of a small child, and in older children - a form of manifestation of these most important human qualities. If we turn to the literature, we can note that all outstanding teachers have always directly or indirectly considered motor activity to be the most important condition and means of comprehensive development. Also the father of Russian physiology I.M. Sechenov (1990) said that the work of muscles is the work of the brain, and thereby determined the relationship between muscle work and the nervous system. The child has a great need for movements, which are a source of joy for him, therefore, the role of all types of movements in maintaining a positive emotional tone is clear.

Approximately 75% of adult diseases are acquired during childhood (V.I. Trubnikov, 1994). Recently, interest in the physical education of young children has increased significantly. The close attention of scientists to preschool age is explained by the desire not to miss the most favorable time for the mental and physical development of the individual (V.K. Balsevich, 1988).

The modern sociocultural situation in Russia, humanistic transformations in society, have created the prerequisites for the development of such an education system, which is based on the task of expanding the opportunities for each individual to competently choose his or her life path (A.P. Tryapitsyna, 1995; L.M. Denyakina, 1997; L O.G. Gorkova, 1998; O.A. Solomennikova, 1999). In the light of this task, education is understood as a process aimed at expanding the possibilities for making this choice and the mechanisms of personal self-realization (E.D. Dneprov, 1994; Concept of preschool education 1996; R.B. Sterkina, O.L. Knyazeva, E.I. Yudina, 1998; T.A. Ovechkina, 2003). However, implementing the social order, educational institutions have sharply intensified the process of preparing children for school. A significant increase in intellectual and psycho-emotional stress leads not only to a decrease in children’s interest in learning, but also to a sharp deterioration in their health.

This makes it meaningless to intensify educational activities, since a child with health problems cannot fully realize his intellectual and creative abilities (T.L. Bogina, N.T. Terekhova, 1980; N.A. Notkina, 1987 ; Yu.A. Smirnov, 1994; L.V. Mikhailova, 1996).

The possibility of constantly searching for effective ways to improve the health of children convinces us that we have not yet fully realized the health-improving effect of various environmental conditions on the child’s body. Practice also suggests that teachers often lack the knowledge and ability to use environmental conditions when teaching children movements and motor actions in order to develop their motor qualities, familiarize themselves with the rules for performing physical exercises and familiarize them with these rules through game situations.

One of the most basic and important movements that a childlearns in preschool age is running.

The ancient Greek sages said:

If you want to be healthy, run!

If you want to be beautiful, run!

If you want to be smart, run!

With these words, they emphasized the enormous importance of running for improving health, achieving a harmonious physique, and developing mental abilities (E.N. Vavilova, 1986).

Running is one of the most important movements for a child’s health, allowing for good load regulation, strengthening the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, various muscle groups, joints and ligaments. Running is a natural movement familiar to children from an early age. The ability to run quickly and deftly helps a child to successfully participate in outdoor games, relay races, and sports exercises (E.N. Vavilova, 1986).

But can a child easily perform running exercises without mastering basic running technique? Mistakes during movement lead to rapid fatigue, as a result of which the child loses interest.to play or any other motor activity. This affects the well-being and mood of children.But at school it’s even more difficult for him, because there he has to pass standards, most of which involve running.

Obviously, in order to runwas a recreational one, it is necessary to teach its technique from the senior preschool age. This determined the relevance of my research.

Teaching healthy running techniques is not included in the physical education curriculum in kindergarten. I noticed that most children of senior preschool age make mistakes in movement while running. The most significant of them can be identified:

1. Incorrect foot placement

2. Weak hip extension

3. Insufficient coverage of the shin,

4. Lack of flight phase (running in a half-squat),

5. Incorrect hand function (hands down or working in front of you)

To develop the correct running technique, I conducted an experiment in children's educational institution No. 44 in the Central District from September 10, 2012 to May 20, 2013.

The experiment was conducted in two older kindergarten groups. The groups were divided into control and experimental. I developed a methodology for developing a healthy running technique, which was applied to the experimental group during the school year.

Having studied the health sheet for children in the senior group, I came to the conclusion that errors in running technique can be caused not only by a lack of training in healthy running techniques, but also by insufficient physical training, as well as the presence of diseases. The more common ones are flat feet and scoliosis, which prevent children from learning proper running technique.

To eliminate the cause of incorrect performance of the health-improving running technique, a methodology was developed, which included the following exercises used in physical education classes in the experimental group during the school year:

1. For the prevention and correction of flat feet:

Walking on various prickly mats,

Exercise "Caterpillar"

Picking up small objects with your toes while sitting,

Standing calf raise.

2. To form correct posture:

outdoor switchgear with gymnastic sticks,

Exercise "Fish" lying down,

Walking with bags on your head.

3. To develop leg muscle strength:

Squats,

Walking with a high hip lift

Jumping up from a half squat.

During the prevention and correction of diseases in physical education classes, a method of developing a healthy running technique was used, which included the following exercises:

1. Running to rhythmic musical accompaniment,

2. Running exercises:

Running with shin lashing,

Running with high hips,

Jumping from heel to toe,

Multi-jump through a step on the left leg,

Multi-jump through a step onto the right leg.

3. Raising your hips, resting your hands on the wall bars,

4. Often work with your hands while standing still,

5. Flexibility exercises (to avoid stiffness while running),

6. Learning to relax.

Hypothesis. I assume that the effectiveness of the technique will be high provided that special physical exercises are used in classes, and the use of Polar heart rate monitors will make it possible to reliably determine the normal heart rate during a recreational run. Monitorsheart ratePOLARS625 X- a means of assessing the body's response to stress.

Purpose of the study. Formation of the correct technique of recreational running with the help of physical exercises in children of senior preschool age.

Research objectives:

1. Analyze scientific and methodological literature on the topic under consideration.

2. Determine the normal heart rate during a recreational run using Polar heart rate monitors.

3. Develop a methodology for developing the technique of recreational running in children of senior preschool age.

4. Evaluate the effectiveness of the developed methodology.

Theoretical foundations of the study are based on the characteristics of recreational running for children of senior preschool age (E.N. Vavilova), the organization of physical education and recreational work in a preschool institution (A.V. Kineman, D.V. Khukhlaeva, A.D. Glazyrina), anatomical and physiological features of development children of senior preschool age (P.K. Anokhin, V.K. Balsevich, V.Yu. Davydov), features of the introduction of new technologies in diagnosing the heart rate of preschoolers (M.A. Pravdov, T.V. Volosnikova).

Theoretical significance The conducted research is that the methodology for developing healthy running techniques for children of senior preschool age will complement the previously developed methodology for teaching track and field running techniques.

The results obtained complement the system:

The possibility of taking into account the individual characteristics of older preschool children when using physical exercises to form the correct technique for healthy running in physical education classes.

Scientific novelty The conducted research is to develop a methodology for developing a technique for healthy running in children of senior preschool age, as well as the use of the “Polar” heart rate to identify the heart rate norm during healthy running in physical education classes.

In work:

- the individual characteristics of children of senior preschool age were determined (physical condition, level of physical activity, concomitant diseases);

- Pulse ranges characteristic of children of senior preschool age during recreational running have been determined.

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by the head of physical education to improve the effectiveness of health improvement in physical education classes.

The effectiveness of teaching running technique

The pedagogical effectiveness of teaching running techniques to children depends on the extent to which the morphofunctional characteristics of children are taken into account during periods of development, which are characterized by the greatest susceptibility to the influence of certain factors, as well as reduced body resistance. Knowledge of anatomy, physiology, age and individual characteristics of a child is necessary to develop a methodology for developing a healthy running technique, preventing diseases and identifying the heart rate rate using the “Polar” heart rate (N.A. Baeva, 2003).

Taking into account the characteristics of older preschool age and the physical fitness of the child, specific tasks are set for him. The child’s gradual completion of these tasks qualitatively changes the nature of the correct running technique. What was characteristic of the movement at the beginning of a given age stage, by the end of it, seems to be curtailed and the movements transform into a new quality.

Preschool age is an important stage in a person’s life (D.V. Khukhlaeva, 1976, L.D. Glazyrina, 1999).

The period of development of a child of 5-7 years is a qualitatively new age stage associated with significant changes in the body. Qualitative changes are characterized by the formation of special specific properties of individual body functions that provide the possibility of life and systems that control the development and behavior of the child.

A characteristic feature of children 5-7 years old is that they have well-developed large muscles of the trunk and limbs, while the small muscles of the back, which play an important role in maintaining the correct position of the spine, are poorly developed. Also the body becomes proportional. Expressiveness and precision appear. Children notice errors when performing individual exercises and can conduct basic analysis. With an increase in the range of motor skills and abilities, the development of motor qualities, it becomes possible to more successfully master both exercises in their entirety and individual elements of movement technique (N.A. Notkina, 1990).

Therefore, teaching running technique at this age is more appropriate. But when learning the technique of recreational running, do not forgetabout the individual characteristics of children and about diseases (scoleosis, flat feet) that impede the development of movements.

Diagnosis of the physical condition of preschool children involves assessment according to four indicators: health group, physical development, functional state, physical fitness.

The first three indicators in a preschool institution are assessed by medical workers. The child’s physical fitness is determined by a physical education specialist and teacher.

According to T.S. Gryadkina (2004), in order to successfully solve the problems of physical education in preschool institutions, the necessary conditions must be created. The selection and placement of furniture, physical education equipment and inventory should be carried out taking into account pedagogical, hygienic and aesthetic requirements.

In recent years, the possibilities of conducting research on the problems of physical education of preschool children have significantly expanded. One of the most promising areas is the use of heart rate monitors to detectnormal heart rate during recreational running.

This was the next stage of the experiment. Children of the experimental groupIt was suggested to wear Polar heart rate monitors and run for 2 minutes. One after another in a circle at a pace that is comfortable for them. The study took place on the playground of a kindergarten. 10 people took part in the experiment.

According to the results of the study, it was revealed that the optimal heart rate of the correct health-improving running technique is 140-150 beats/min, which should be taken into account when developing the methodology.

Methodology for developing the technique of recreational running for children of senior preschool age

Tasks:

1. Promote the development of major muscle groups;

2. Promote the development of the ankle joint;

3. Teach how to use your hands while standing still;

4. Promote the development of flexibility.

Month	Content	Dosage	Organizational methodological instructions
October	1. Standing calf raise 2. Squats 3. Flexibility exercises: Tilts of the torso to the side; Lunges forward; Lunges to the side; Bend forward;	2 for 5 rub. 2 for 5 rub.	Keep your body straight Do not lift your heels off the floor; Your knees should not go beyond your toes. Do not tilt the body; Keep your leg straight at the back; Tilt the body slightly forward; Reach your hands to the floor
November	1. Standing calf raise 3. Squats 5. Bend over while lying on your stomach 6. Flexibility exercises	2 for 10 rub. 2 for 10 rub. 5 rub. 5 rub.	Keep your body straight Commit as high as possible Do not lift your heels off the floor; Do not lift your shoulder blades off the floor; Keep your arms and legs straight
December	1. Standing calf raise 2. Jumping from heel to toe in a circle 3. Squats 4. Raising straight legs while lying on your back 5. Bend over while lying on your stomach 6. Push leg in front, body slightly tilted forward, arms bent at the elbow joints. At the leader’s command, begin moving your arms in opposite directions (from the shoulder to the pocket), gradually increasing the pace.	2 for 15 rub. 2 for 15 rub. 10 rub. 10 rub.	Keep your body straight Commit as high as possible Do not lift your heels off the floor; The knees should not extend beyond the toes; Do not lift your shoulder blades away fromgender; Keep your arms and legs straight The arms move along and slightly across the body.

Tasks:

2. Improve hand technique on the spot;

3. Teach running techniques with high hip lifts;

4. Teach running techniques with shin overlapping;

5. Develop a sense of rhythm.

Month	Content	Dozy roving	Organizational methodological instructions
January	1. Standing calf raise 2. Jumping from heel to toe in a circle 3. Squats 4. Raising straight legs while lying on your back 5. Bend over while lying on your stomach 6. Hand work in place about the wall bars 10. Lapped shin in place 14. Flexibility exercises	2 for 10 rub. 2 for 10 rub. 10 rub. 10 rub.	Keep your body straight Commit as high as possible Do not lift your heels off the floor; The knees should not extend beyond the toes; Do not lift your shoulder blades off the floor; Keep your arms and legs straight Gradually increase the pace Raise your knees high Gradually increase the pace Reach your heels to your buttocks Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Gradually increase the pace Walk to the sound of a tambourine
February	1. Standing calf raise 2. Jumping from heel to toe in a circle 3. Squats 4. Raising straight legs while lying on your back 5. Bend over while lying on your stomach 6. Hand work in place 7. Raising your knees in place, increasing the pace 8. Raising the knees in place while standingabout the wall bars 9. Raising knees in place in combination with arm work 10. Lapped shin in place 11. Overlapping of the shin while resting on the wall bars 12. Latching the shin in place in combination with hand work 13. Rhythmic walking to music 14. Running with high hips in a circle 15. Running with the shin wrapped in a circle 16. Relay races: Divided into two teams	2 for 10 rub. 2 for 10 rub. 10 rub. 10 rub.	Keep your body straight Commit as high as possible Do not lift your heels off the floor; The knees should not extend beyond the toes; Do not lift your shoulder blades off the floor; Keep your arms and legs straight Gradually increase the pace Raise your knees high Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Gradually increase the pace Reach your heels to your buttocks Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Gradually increase the pace Walk to the sound of a tambourine Combine with hand work Combine with hand work Do not start running; Touch your buttocks with your heels;

Tasks:

1. Help maintain muscle tone;

2. Teach how to coordinate the work of arms and legs while running;

3. Learn to relax muscles while running;

4. Develop a sense of rhythm;

5. Improve running technique in outdoor games and relay races.

Month	Content	Dosage	Organizational methodological instructions
March	1. Standing calf raise 2. Jumping from heel to toe in a circle 3. Squats 4. Raising straight legs while lying on your back 5. Bend over while lying on your stomach 6. Hand work in place 7. Raising your knees in place, increasing the pace 8. Raising the knees in place while standing about the wall bars 9. Raising knees in place in combination with arm work 12. Rhythmic running in a circle 13. Flexibility exercises	2 for 10 rub. 1" 2 for 10 rub. 10 rub. 10 rub. 2" 1" 1" 1" 2" 2" 2" 3"	Keep your body straight Commit as high as possible Do not lift your heels off the floor; The knees should not extend beyond the toes; Do not lift your shoulder blades off the floor; Keep your arms and legs straight Gradually increase the pace Raise your knees high Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Gradually increase the pace Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Walk at an average pace Keep your distance
April	1. Standing calf raise 2. Jumping from heel to toe in a circle 3. Squats 4. Raising straight legs while lying on your back 5. Bend over while lying on your stomach 6. Hand work in place 7. Raising your knees in place, increasing the pace 8. Raising the knees in place while standing about the wall bars 9. Raising knees in place in combination with arm work 10. Walking in a circle with alternating hands, imitating race walking 11. Running in circles without using your hands 12. Rhythmic running in a circle 13. Relay races: Divided into two teams - run around the chip with a high hip lift; - run around the chip with an overlap of the shin; - run around three chips with a snake back and forth. 14. Game "Third Man" Stand in a circle in pairs in columns of two. One driver and one runner are selected. At the command of the water director. catches up with the runner, and the latter must have time to stand in front of any pair. After this, the third person runs away from the driver. If the driver manages to stain the runner, they change places.	2 for 10 rub. 1" 2 for 10 rub. 10 rub. 10 rub. 2" 1" 1" 1" 2" 2" 2" 5" 5"	Keep your body straight Commit as high as possible Do not lift your heels off the floor; The knees should not extend beyond the toes; Do not lift your shoulder blades off the floor; Keep your arms and legs straight Gradually increase the pace Raise your knees high Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Gradually increase the pace Reach your heels to your buttocks Arms straight, body slightly tilted forward Walk at an average pace Hands are relaxed, hanging below Keep your distance - do not start running; - touch your buttocks with your heels; - start running around from the right side of the chip. - Run in one direction only; - Stand in front of the couple in the direction of movement.

At the end of the school year, I noticed that my work was effective; in the control group, where no special technique was introduced, many children made significant mistakes while running, and in the experimental group almost all mistakes were eliminated. Preschoolers who mastered the technique ran easily and freely, without hindering their movements. Also, with the help of additional tests, it was revealed that after learning the running technique, children became more resilient and could easily cover long distances. When watching a physical education lesson, I noticed that the children in the experimental group also increased their running speed, which is so necessary during relay races and outdoor games.

Mastering the correct technique for health-improving running will allow children to instill a love for this movement, and, consequently, improve their health for a long life.

CONCLUSIONS

1. An analysis of the literature showed that the formation of health-improving techniques running of children of senior preschool age is one of the difficult tasks in the activities of a physical education specialist, and there is no special methodology in a preschool institution. To determine the heart rate during running of children 5-7 years old, the construction of a pulse curve and indicators of external fatigue are traditionally used.

2. The results of the test using the Polar heart rate monitor made it possible to determine the normal heart rate during recreational running for children of senior preschool age, which was observed in the majority of children. It was 150-160 beats/min.

3. I have developed a methodology for developing a healthy running technique for children of senior preschool age. The methodology included exercises to strengthen general muscle groups, special running exercises, running and walking to music, games and relay races with running, and flexibility exercises.

4. The results of the study turned out to be reliable. The majority of children in the experimental group did not make mistakes in their recreational running technique. They also became more resilient during games and relay races, and also began to perform exercises and running standards more correctly. Consequently, the developed methodology is effective, and it is advisable to implement it in preschool institutions to work with children.

Literature:

1. Avatinyan G. A. The wisdom of health-improving running / G. A. Avatinyan. - Moscow: Editus, 2013. - 263, p.

2. Balsevich V.K. Physical education for everyone and for everyone. - Moscow: Physical culture and sport, 1988. 207, p.

3. Vavilova E.N. Strengthen children's health: A manual for children's educators. garden - Moscow: Education, 1986. - 125, p.

4. Volosnikova T.V. Relationship between microelementosis and the physical condition of preschool children // Adaptive physical culture. -No. 4, 2005.- P. 4-5

5. Kineman A.V. Thorium and methods of physical education of preschool children / A.V. Kineman, D.V. Khukhlaeva. - Moscow: Education, 1978.- 63 p.

6. Osokina T.I. Physical education in kindergarten / T.I. Osokina.- M.: Education, 1986.- 226 p.

7. Pravdov M. A. Integration of motor and cognitive activities of children during physical education classes in preschool educational institutions. Author's abstract. dis. for the job application scientist step. - St. Petersburg, 2003. - 38 p.

8. Runova M.A. Motor activity of a child in kindergarten: A manual for preschool teachers. institutions, teachers and students of pedagogical universities and colleges / Runova M.A.; Center "Doshk. Childhood" named after. A.V. Zaporozhets. - Moscow: Mosaic-Sintez, 2000. - 255 p.

9. Saykina E. G. On the issue of training specialists in the field of health-improving physical culture // Current issues of physical culture of preschool children: Sat. scientific method. tr. - St. Petersburg: Bell, 2004.- pp. 67-72.

10. Firilyova Zh. E. “Sa-Fi-Dance”: dance and play gymnastics for children, educational method. manual for teachers of preschool and school institutions / Zh. E. Firileva E. G. Saykina. - St. Petersburg: Childhood-Press, 2006. - 321, p.

11. Shebeko V. N. Physical education holidays in kindergarten: Creativity in the engine. preschooler activities Book. for kindergarten teachers garden /V. N. Shebeko, N. N. Ermak. - 2nd ed. - Moscow: Education, 2001. - 92, p.

12. Shishkina V.A. Movement + movements: Book. for a kindergarten teacher garden - Moscow: Education, 1992. - 93, p.

13. Yushkevich T.P. Health running. - Minsk: Polymya, 1985. - 111 p.

RUN-

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Methods of teaching children of different age groups to run.

RUN - cyclical, locomotor movement, which has a strict repeatability of the cycle of motor actions.

Running has a significant physiological effect on the child’s body, activating its organs and systems, increasing metabolic processes, promoting overall physical development, and improving the activity of the central nervous system.

TYPES OF RUNNING

Running on toes;

Running with high hip lifts, which trains the abdominal, back and foot muscles;

Running with various tasks performed on a signal;

Running between objects, with objects - a hoop, a jump rope, etc.;

Running in a limited area;

Shuttle running, which develops coordination of movements and spatial orientation;

Race running; scattered;

With dodging and catching.

Various types of running develop agility and a quick reaction to changing situations. Running promotes the development of speed and strength qualities, develops endurance, and forms moral and volitional qualities.

METHODOLOGY FOR TEACHING CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS TO RUNNING

Age	Features of children performing movements	Software Requirements	Pedagogical requirements for teaching movement
Junior preschool age	Babies still cannot push off well from the ground or floor; they run hard, their steps are small, and not everyone has well-developed coordination of movements. Group running is difficult for children	Teach children to use the entire space of the room or playground; Practice running, stopping at the teacher’s signal, and turning	Pay attention to children’s posture while running; The running duration in younger groups is 30–40 s; Running should be alternated with other movements, as children get tired quickly; Pay attention to the ease of running, coordination of movements; It is advisable to teach running in small groups; Combine running with rest; Each child runs at his own pace, trying not to bump into others - when running in a flock in the indicated direction
Middle preschool age	Difficulty running in a group. Some children still step on their entire foot	To teach children to run easily, naturally swinging their arms; Teach children to run in a certain direction; - Teach children to use the entire space of the room or playground; - Practice running, stopping at the teacher’s signal, and turning	Pay special attention to the naturalness, ease of running, energetic push-off, elastic foot placement, and the ability to perform different types of running; As you master running, the requirements for your technique increase.
Senior preschool age	Relatively high level of coordination of movements, which makes it possible to perform complex exercises	Develop endurance, agility, attention; Create a habit of daily exercise	Additional tasks are offered: change the pace or direction of running, quickly stop and continue running again, run around objects, alternate running with other types of movements - walking, jumping, etc.; Achieve correct running technique. The duration of the run is 2 – 3 minutes; The running distance increases; Children compete in speed running (20–30 m); Running at a slow pace becomes longer (1.5 - 2 minutes)

So that children of JUNIOR GROUPS got used to the team better, learned to use free space,It is advisable to start learning running in small groups. At first, they run the way they want, they are especially interested in running with ribbons, carrying cars, wheelchairs, and strollers behind them. This running alternates with stops. The kids, on their own initiative, squat, walk, and run again. It turns out to be natural breaks for rest while running. The teacher watches the children and, as necessary, offers, for example, a sedentary child to run to a tree with a bright handkerchief in his hands, and a child who has been running for a long time with the car to load it with sand, small pebbles, and leaves.

The simplest task- run in a flock in the indicated direction, behind the teacher, to a toy, a chair. The running of one child in this case has little connection with the running of other children. Everyone runs at their own pace, maintaining the direction of their run, trying not to bump into each other.

Running in a column, in a circle, in pairsrequires from everyone the ability to balance their movements with the running of other children, and not to overtake the person running in front. These types of running are mastered gradually, starting with small subgroups. The teacher himself actively acts, runs ahead of the children, drawing them along with him. Offers interesting game tasks such as: “Run to a tree”, “Run around a stump”, etc. Running in a column is more often used in morning exercises and physical education classes. Running in a flock, running in a circle constitute the content of many outdoor and round dance games: “Sparrows and a Car”, “Cat and Mice”, etc.

When teaching young children to run, it is of great importanceexample of a teacher. Therefore, in exercises and gamesthe teacher performstask with children, drawing their attention toease of running, coordination of movements. It uses game image , for example, run like mice. When performing such imitative actions, it is not always necessary to show movements, but the teacher must be sure that the children understand and are familiar with the image proposed for imitation.

There is no need to give children a lot of sometimes unclear instructions, for example, “raise your legs higher” or “move your arms harder.” This often leads to the opposite result: children begin to stomp, running becomes heavy and abrupt, and the already established coordination of movements of the arms and legs goes wrong.

IN THE MIDDLE GROUPas you master running they increaserequirements for his technology. The teacher should pay special attentionfor naturalness and ease of running, energetic push-off, elastic foot placement, ability to perform different types of running. For example, when accelerating the pace, take more frequent steps, work more energetically with your hands; when moving to a slow pace, the steps are less frequent and the hand movements are calmer.

Speed ​​runningchildren should quickly start moving at the signal, run energetically, purposefully, and look ahead without being distracted. The teacher makes sure that when running, children place their feet closer to one another and do not spread their toes to the sides. For this purpose, he suggests running along a narrow path, a board 30-20 cm wide.

While running in a columnThe tasks also become more complicated: run around objects placed in a row by turning to the right and left, without running far to the sides from the objects. It should be recalled that in this run the knees are slightly bent, the foot is placed on the front of the table, and the hands help maintain balance.

When running in pairs the requirement is set to balance your movements with the movements of your partner, to maintain the required distance from the running couple in front.

Increases running speed and duration, are improvingagility, speed, endurance. Running with a long stride already requires great muscle effort for energetic push-off, good flight and active arm movements. Provided that running is used frequently in all forms of work, running is used in segments of 40-60 m, alternating it with calm walking.

Running is widely used in outdoor games.

Running exercises for children SENIOR GROUP become more complicated. The teacher seeks from the children the ability todo different types of runningtechnically correct: on toes with short and frequent running steps; running with long strides with long, easy flight and sweeping arm movements. Teacherencourages children who can use task-appropriate running patterns, and in all casesappreciates easy free running with natural arm movements.

For that so that interest in running does not decrease, children of older groups should be offeredadditional tasks when running at an average pace:change the pace or direction of running, quickly stop and continue running again, run around objects, change the leader, turn in a circle, change from a column to pairs, alternate running with other movements - walking, climbing, jumping, etc.

Also performed at an average pacecross country running. The distance of this kind of cross-country running for children 6 years old is up to 150-200 m. If possible, obstacles are included that children must overcome while running: crawl up, jump over, run around deftly.

In the senior group there isspecial work on the development of motor qualities of speed and endurance in children, for which the length of running distances increases. Children compete in a speed run at a distance of 20-30 m or repeat a fast run of 10 m 3-4 times.

In order to develop endurance, children are asked to run from 0 to 100 m, then walk part of the way and run the same distance again. Running at a slow pace becomes longer - up to 1.5-2 minutes. The teacher first shows how to run at a slow pace, and then one of the children demonstrates his ability to run evenly and leisurely. It is more advisable to carry out slow running in natural conditions in the air.

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Running exercises for children 4–5 years old

1. Running after parents.

2. Running with a change of direction, trying to catch the leader or dodge to the side.

3. Running “snake”, running around objects placed in a row.

4. Running with acceleration and deceleration.

5. Running with a change of leader.

6. Running on a narrow path.

7. Running with long strides.

8. Running at a fast pace (10–20 m).

9. Run at a slow pace (1.5–2 minutes).

10. Running (40–60 seconds) alternating with walking.

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