Krumin (Krumins) Gerald (Harald) Ivanovich, Soviet and household activist, journalist. Member RSDLP since 1909. During his studies at the Riga Gymnasium (1905-10) as a participant in the revolution. movement was persecuted by the authorities. In 1910, possession was prohibited. Literary exiled to Estonia. Upon completion of historical and philological studies. Faculty of Petrogr. University (1916) was again persecuted, lived illegally in Pskov, Moscow. region In 1917-18 members. Krasnopresnensky (Moscow) district party committee. Since 1918 hands. editor-publisher department of the Supreme Economic Council, edited by the center. ed.: zh. “National Economy” (1918-19), gas. “Economic Life” (since 1919), “Pravda” (since 1928), “Izvestia” (since 1930). Since 1931 in Sverdlovsk: deputy. pres. region control commission and RKI (May - Dec. 1931), deputy. pres. regional executive committee (since December 1931), chairman Uralplana (1932-33). In the beginning. 1934 sent to work in Chel.: member. Plenum People Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, since February - deputy. pres. organizing committee of the regional party committee, head. Person regional plan. Participated in the development of documentation on economics. justification for the construction of ChGRES, basic indicators for the development of industry, construction and agriculture of the region in 1934, as well as in the development of basic planned directions of development of the Urals and Chel. region for the 2nd five-year plan. Delegate to the 14th–17th congresses of the CPSU(b), at the 16th congress (1930) elected member. Center. audit commission. After leaving Chel. (Nov. 1934) Deputy Ch. editor of the 1st ed. TSB, responsible. editor "Problems of Economics". Author of St. 500 articles and several. books on the organization and management of industry, NEP, industrialization of the country and collectivization of the village. x-va. Lecturer at the Higher School of Desk. organizers and correspondence education institute under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In Jan. 1938 arrested, sentenced to 10 years in prison. Served his sentence in the Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Died in NKVD camps. Rehabilitated posthumously.
Unified IT space Bandurin Garald Ivanovich IT Director of JSC HydroOGK November 21, 2007.
22 © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" Comparative position of hydrogenerating companies in Russia and in the world Hydro Quebec HydroOGK EDF (Group) Three Gorges Enel Starkraft CHESF Furna CE Iberdrola Irkustkenergo (HPP) Vattenfall, HydroOGK Rosenergoatom Irkutskenergo TGK-3 OGK-1 OGK-6 OGK-5 OGK-4 OGK-2 OGK,31 23.24 12.90 10.60 9.53 9.05 8.67 8.63 8.70 8.49
© 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" 3 Reforming RAO "UES of Russia" - change of information technologies RAO "UES of Russia" BU 1SO TsDUHydroOGKBE 2 OGK TGK RESTRUCTURING (CONSTRUCTION OF NEW) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IT IT FSK
5 Program for the creation of an Integrated Information System of JSC HydroOGK Common information space Representatives of the owner Contractors Consumers Government bodies Competitors Partners A new type of interaction of updated information systems. Technological information (SDTU, telemechanics, ASKUE, electrical protection...); Information related to the functioning of the market (Consumption/sales forecasts, purchase/sale of electricity, etc.) Information exchange in various business areas (project activities, new construction, relationships with counterparties...)
© 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" 6 An information system is a tool for reducing market risks...
77 © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" Gradual change of technologies... Industrial asset Lifetime, average IT infrastructure components 40 years 5 years 10 years Lifetime of industrial and IT assets
© 2005 JSC "Management Company HydroOGK" 8 Information space - as a system of standards IT security standards IT service management standards (ITSM) Between information system components Finite machines, sensors, actuators Operational management Strategic management Production management Business management I II III IV V IT infrastructure Standards for IS diagnostics of technological processes Standards for IS management of technological processes CIM Standards for describing business processes Standards for information exchange of technological information Industry standards for business processes Information interaction Industrial asset Life time, on average IT infrastructure components 40 years 5 years 10 years
“Simple conclusions” The common information space needs to be managed, namely, it needs to be standardized. Standardize. Establish mechanisms for updating and developing IT standards in the electric power industry. We need a strategy for the development of the information space in the electric power industry. HOW TO DO THIS??? It is necessary to create a specialized non-profit organization, which will be the holder of IT standards in the electric power industry 9 © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK"
Thank you for your attention! Bandurin Harald IT Director of JSC Management Company HydroOGK
CIS Common information space 11 © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" A new type of interaction of updated information systems. Technological information (SDTU, telemechanics, ASKUE, electrical protection...); Information related to the functioning of the market (Consumption/sales forecasts, purchase/sale of electricity, etc.) Information exchange in various business areas (project activities,
Speech plan 12 © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" Reforming RAO UES is a significant change in information systems. Risks... A new type of interaction of updated information systems. Technological information (SDTU, telemechanics, ASKUE...) Information related to the functioning of the market (Forecasts of consumption/sales, purchase/sale of electricity, etc.) Special information (electrical protection, dispatch Information exchange in other areas (project activities, General approaches to formation of information technologies - unified solutions ... Ways of solution System of standards in the field of information technology ... Mechanisms for updating and developing standards Tool - non-profit organization for supporting standards
13 © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK" Basic provisions of IT policy (functional strategy) HOLDING Enterprise ERP EAM Capital productivity CIS State Counterparties, partners Standards BUSINESS CAPITALIZATION IT capitalization Increasing capital productivity Exchange of competencies, internal corporate relations Relations with the outside world Standardization
14 Automated process control system as part of HydroOGK CIS Diagnostics/control of main equipment Automated process control system Control system for HPP cascades Control system for HPP GAORUKRUE… Telemechanics, Protections,… Special information control systems Diagnostics/control of auxiliary equipment EAMEngineering © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK"
15 Process control systems in the hierarchy of information systems Strategic management systems Business management systems Production management systems Operational production and technological management systems Executive equipment, sensors, protection, finite state machines I II III IV V ASKUE Strategic systems ... ... ERP EAM IT management ... ... PDM/ PDMS CAD / CAM Control system for hydroelectric power plants, cascades of hydroelectric power plants Automated control system DiagnosticsManagement © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK"
16 Production management Generator Turbine Sensors Sensors Executive equipment Telemechanics Protections Diagnostics/control of main equipment Special information and control systems Diagnostics/control of auxiliary equipment I II III Diagnostics ASKUE control system HPP control system HPP cascade control system Outdoor switchgear... © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK"
17 Increasing capital productivity Production means Diagnostic systems Management systems Reducing the cost of ownership of production means Modernization of technological processes Standards © 2007 JSC Federal HydroOGK
18 IT as a system of standards IT security standards IT service management standards (ITSM) Standards for information exchange between levels Finite machines, sensors, actuators Operational management Business management Production management Business management I II III IV V Integrated information system ACS standards ACS standards TP (Diagnostics, management) Increasing capital productivity Reducing the cost of asset ownership Modernization of technical processes Industry standards for asset management Standards for describing business processes Concepts for managing industrial assets Industry standards for business processes ITSM Strategic management systems Business management systems Production management systems Operational production and technological systems management Executive equipment, sensors, protection, finite state machines I II III IV V IT management © 2007 JSC "Federal HydroOGK"
Born on September 17, 1967 in Murmansk. In 1992, he graduated from the Kazan Aviation Institute with a degree in computer technology designer and technologist. After graduating from university, from 1992 to 1994 he worked as a software engineer at enterprises in Kazan. From 1994 to 1998 – head of the automation and information technology department, deputy chairman of the board of the commercial bank Intechbank in Kazan. From 1998 to 2001 – director of the department for automation and information technology, deputy general director of PEO TatEnergo in Kazan.
From June 2001 to August 2005, he headed the IT development department at the Volga Hydropower Cascade Management Company (JSC UK VoGEK). During this period, under his leadership, an effective information infrastructure for managing geographically distributed facilities was created - hydroelectric power stations of the Volga-Kama cascade, and large-scale projects were launched to modernize automated process control systems for dozens of hydraulic units. Enormous progress has been made in the creation and development of information systems for managing production activities, including the creation of an information system for managing assets and enterprise funds at 9 hydroelectric power plants. The efficiency of the IT departments was also significantly increased through the introduction of a service approach, the creation of a user support service, the organization and configuration of IT activity management processes and their automation.
After the reorganization of Management Company VoGEK and the merger of the stations managed by it into HydroOGK, from August 2005 to the present, Harald Bandurin has been the IT director of HydroOGK (now RusHydro). The company notes that during this time he managed not only to extend previously developed solutions to all RusHydro facilities - about 50 hydroelectric power stations and other renewable energy facilities, but also to ensure a qualitative leap in coordinating IT development with the needs of the company’s core activities through the development of a functional information technology development strategy adopted by the company's board in December 2006.
G.I. KRUMIN(1894 – 1943)
Harald Ivanovich Krumin (Krumins)born in the village Sunzeln, near Riga. After graduating from parish school, in 1905 he entered the Riga gymnasium. Krumin’s older brother Alfred and sister Hermine, who were active members of the Latvian Social Democratic Party, had a great influence on the formation of Krumin’s worldview. In 1909, G. Krumin joined the ranks of the Social Democracy of the Latvian region and conducted agitation work among students. In 1910, during a search, illegal Marxist literature was found on him, he was expelled from the gymnasium and exiled under the supervision of a local priest to the island of Ezel (now Saarema), where he continued his studies at the local gymnasium; in 1912 he was expelled from the gymnasium as “unreliable”. In 1913, Krumin graduated from high school in Pärnu and entered the Faculty of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. He– one of the active members of the party organization of the Latvian Bolshevik district "Prometheus" in St. Petersburg; begins publishing articles, notes, and correspondence in Pravda. In 1916 in Moscow, he participated in the work of the underground Latvian region (Northern group) of the Moscow Bolshevik Committee and the Presnensky Bolshevik Committee. After the February Revolution of 1917, together with a group of prominent Latvian revolutionaries, he established the publication of the Latvian Bolshevik newspaper “Social Democrat” and became a member of its editorial board. During the October Revolution, he worked in the Military Revolutionary Committee of the city district and the Latvian Revolutionary Center, headed the editorial team of the Izvestia of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the City District of Moscow, and collaborated in Derevenskaya Pravda. After the revolution, Krumin was in responsible literary and publishing work. He is credited with creating a fundamentally new type of periodical press.– economic. In March 1918 he– executive secretary, and soon editor of the organ of the Supreme Council of National Economy, the magazine "National Economy". In November 1918, the newspaper “Economic Life” began to be published in Moscow, of which Krumin became the executive editor in September 1919 (until June 1929). More than 500 of his articles on current problems of economic and economic construction were published here. In 1928– 1930s – member of the editorial board of Pravda, in 1930– 1931 – editor of the newspaper Izvestia. In 1931 he was sent to Sverdlovsk to work in the Ural Control Commission of the RKI, in 1932.– approved as chairman of Uralplan and deputy chairman of the Sverdlovsk Regional Executive Committee, in 1934.– transferred to Chelyabinsk as deputy chairman of the regional executive committee. Since 1935, he worked as deputy editor of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia and executive editor of the journal Problems of Economics. He has written about 20 books on economics. G.I. Krumin was a delegate to the XIV, XV, XVI, XVII party congresses. Repressed.
<...>Vladimir Ilyich looked at the service station body as the most important assistant in the management and management of the economy. Vladimir Ilyich strove to have, in the person of Economic Life, an instrument for ruthlessly criticizing mistakes, mistakes and shortcomings and studying and summing up experience, especially our local economic development. He ran the newspaper as much as his time allowed. I had to work under his leadership soon after the establishment of the new economic policy and until the end of 1922, with some interruptions during his illness.
“Economic Life” owes Vladimir Ilyich extremely, extremely much. At the end of 1921 (September 1), he gave a broadly outlined work program for the newspaper. Vladimir Ilyich, as always, concisely and clearly put forward the main tasks of the newspaper: “The newspaper must become a combat organ, not only providing regular and truthful information about our economy, firstly, but also analyzing this information, processing it scientifically to obtain the correct conclusions in for the purposes of industrial management, etc. (secondly), and finally, bringing in all workers on the economic front, seeking punctual reporting, approving successful work and bringing to the general court the sloppy, backward, incompetent workers of a given enterprise, or institution, or sector of the economy, etc. .p., thirdly." Shortly after this policy letter, Vladimir Ilyich, during a meeting of the STO, sent me a note, published in this issue, about the coverage in the newspaper of “individual plots, individual forest fellings, etc.” This note is extremely typical. Vladimir Ilyich wanted to see in the newspaper real life and molecular economic processes arising in the depths of the vast expanse of the Soviet Union. The newspaper was supposed to signal emerging dangers, emerging new problems. Real life is what this brilliant helmsman needed.
More than once, when analyzing this or that issue, during the report of this or that People’s Commissar, Vladimir Ilyich asked me with a “note”: “What are the objective conclusions of the newspaper on this issue?” Very often I was not able to give an answer, because the question, in my opinion, was often a sub-question of some not so important (again, from my point of view) question. And the time was such when the new economic policy in industry was just beginning, when, therefore, it was very difficult to get anything other than Glavkist materials, when transport and telegraph communications were extremely weak. In any case, it is absolutely indisputable that Economic Life still has long and hard work ahead of it in this direction, indicated by Vladimir Ilyich.
Vladimir Ilyich “strongly” supported the newspaper in its fairly frequent clashes with the people’s commissariats, economic bodies and institutions. Often during meetings of the STO, when the worthless reporting of one or another body was discovered, he asked me with a “note” whether this body was placed on a black board in the newspaper, and was very pleased in those cases when he received an affirmative answer.
Vladimir Ilyich knew how to emphasize the enormous importance of the newspaper. Your task, he told me, is to help “cleanse” the People’s Commissariats; “If I, the chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars, sometimes cannot achieve an answer within 48 hours, then you, as the editor of the newspaper, are obliged to achieve this.”
At times I had to literally be amazed at Vladimir Ilyich’s extremely sensitive attitude to what was written in the newspaper. I remember a time when, regarding one of my editorials, I received a request: “What are the numbers for next month?” (In the editorial I gave figures only for the first 3 months of the year).<...>
During this period, Vladimir Ilyich was the ideological inspirer and leader of the newspaper. But he also taught us how to work. I remember a case with a table in which the progress of the construction of small power stations was presented. After repeated requests from his secretariat whether the table would be placed in tomorrow’s issue, whether the amendment sent to the table would be included in the table, etc., Vladimir Ilyich himself called the printing house at night and asked a number of questions: who is the person in charge of the night edition, is the table legible for typing, whether its set of technical difficulties presented itself and asked the night editor himself to ensure that there were no proofreading errors in the table and that the amendment was made. Vladimir Ilyich even showed interest in the small bureau of clippings within the editorial office, was interested in its work, and promised to check whether it was actually able (as I told him) to select for him in 5 minutes all the material published on this issue. He obviously attached great importance to the “Systematic Index” of newspaper and magazine materials produced by the editors, and I had to literally tear the first issue out of the printing house in order to quickly send it to him.<...>
In the person of Vladimir Ilyich, Economic Life has lost an unforgettable leader, teacher and sensitive comrade in the full sense of the word.
Five years of life and work in conditions of revolutionary storms and upheavals, especially with a radical restructuring of the entire social system, the entire economic basis of the country, unprecedented in the world, is a whole historical period that cannot even be covered in one “sweep”. This especially applies to such a sensitive and responsive organization as a newspaper. This is fully applicable to our newspaper, Economic Life.<...>
The main criteria when assessing the work of an economic newspaper, in my opinion, are: 1) has the newspaper been able and able to capture on its grid the sometimes molecular processes that accumulate in the depths of economic life, from which powerful and important economic phenomena then grow? Has it been able and is it able to depict life and economic processes in its columns as they actually occur? In a word, is there sensitivity of the perceptive apparatus and proper objectivism in the image? Objectivism, ruthless to the end, is the first basic condition, without which revolutionary power, the power of the broad masses of the people, cannot exist and work. 2) Was the newspaper able and able to generalize this objective material and draw all the necessary conclusions from it? Link these conclusions into a coherent economic policy? To put it bluntly, does a newspaper have a line? Or is it dangling helplessly in a pile of collected and recorded objective material? and 3) has it been and is it able to fight for its conclusions and concentrate public attention on urgent problems that require resolution? Call for a fight, pull up those lagging behind, criticize what is unsuccessful, identify mistakes, failures, celebrate successes, etc.?
The weapon of criticism - again ruthless and to the end - is something without which the revolutionary class, embarking on new tasks for itself - governing the state, organizing and managing the economy - cannot do without. And for him such an instrument of criticism is, first of all, the daily press, the newspaper.<...>
] ] ]
I had to get closer to the ideological work in “Ekonomichka” only 8–9 months after its founding, and began to get down to work only in September–October 1919. There is nothing to hide – the situation was difficult. There was a lot of dissatisfaction and sharp criticism of the newspaper, but the path of Ekonomichka, as the first daily economic newspaper, in the full sense of the word, was unusually difficult: we had to literally grope for the type and ways of building the newspaper. In August 1919, the Presidium of the Supreme Economic Council adopted a resolution in which it “recognized that recently “Economic Life” has not at all satisfied its purpose.” The ruling is harsh. It was caused, as far as I remember, by the fact that a group, as such, of old specialists from the organ of the Ministry of Finance, the Trade and Industrial Newspaper, played too large a role in the newspaper. I consider this point all the more necessary to note, since “The Economist” essentially requires the joint and friendly work of appropriately selected honest specialists and communists (as well as on any sector of the economic front). This is already her “gut”, and - looking ahead, I note - this “gut” was very clearly revealed in his conversations with me in 1921 by Vladimir Ilyich. And of course, absolutely right. But first, a lot of organizational and “cleaning” work had to be done in order to properly “seat” people, “seat” them in such a way that the conscious, dedicated, joint work of specialists and communists, under the leadership of the latter, would be guaranteed, and uninterrupted service to the cause of building public life would be ensured. farms.<...>
It seems to me that in its struggle and work in 1920, the newspaper turned from a “non-departmental” body into a body close to the Council of Labor and Defense.
] ] ]
In the new period of work of Ekonomichka, as already an organ of the STO, one cannot, of course, ignore the role of Vladimir Ilyich in the general management of the newspaper. I must admit that at times I was simply amazed at how Vladimir Ilyich was enough for so many little things in newspaper life. If in the editorial it happened that the figures were not completely completed, until the last month, due to their sometimes extreme guesswork, the next day a request was received from Vladimir Ilyich: “What are the figures for the last month?” Vladimir Ilyich was interested in setting up a clippings bureau in the editorial office, promising, on occasion, to check whether it was able to provide classified clippings for a certain period on the requested subject in five minutes. The “Systematic Index of Materials on Economic Issues” published by the newspaper, the release date of the first issue, etc. also deserved his attention. Ilyich “strongly” supported the publication of our consolidated issues - first for a quarter of the year, then by month, although I did not have the opportunity to know his criticism of the published issues. And, of course, it turned out that Vladimir Ilyich had monthly data on all the main sectors of our economy entered in his notebook. At a meeting of the STO, I more than once received requests from Vladimir Ilyich about where the editorial cuttings were grouped on this issue being considered by the STO and what the objective conclusions of the newspaper were. Vladimir Ilyich emphasized the role and importance of the newspaper extremely. I remember well one of his phrases, something like this: “If I, as the chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars, sometimes cannot achieve an answer within 48 hours, then you, as the editor of the newspaper, are obliged to achieve this.” Given this attitude of Vladimir Ilyich towards the newspaper, it is clear that, despite the presence at that time of strong departmentalism and fierce “fights”, the work of Ekonomichka proceeded much more freely and calmly.
But the main thing that Vladimir Ilyich gave to the newspaper was a broadly outlined program of work.
His letter is published in full in this issue of the newspaper.<...>
And to this day, despite a number of, in my opinion, achievements, the newspaper is fully faced with the tasks that Vladimir Ilyich formulated. The newspaper's attempt in 1921 to approach the factory - largely due to the newspaper's bureaucratic approach to this - failed. Only now this task has again been sharply posed by the editors, and - one can hope - having been burned by the first experience, the newspaper will solve it.<...>
] ] ]
To summarize, I would say: in the field of objective reflection of the Russian economy, the newspaper has achieved something over these five years. The eyes are sharpened and there is no groundless optimism. The perceptive apparatus has grown and become stronger, but it is still far from being a “separate forest felling.” This is the weakest point of "Ekonomichka". She is obliged - and the sooner the better - to penetrate into the factory, plant, state farm, railway. workshop, she is obliged not to stop at the boundaries of the county.
In the field of generalization and conclusions from the collected objective material, this is also a step forward. But analysis and generalization of lower economic processes is still not enough. The newspaper grew, however, only in the generalization of the central material. In the vast majority of cases, its line reflects tasks of a central nature, not supported by verification in the regional, district, etc. scale.
The newspaper has learned to criticize. But there needs to be a greater connection between this critical work and the practical problems in the field of organizing the national economy that are being resolved by our republic.
] ] ]
In conclusion, I consider it necessary to note that as a result of the five-year search of Economic Life, it was possible to create a close and practical bond between a group of non-party specialists and communists. Specialists came and work in “Economic Life” as people who love and fight for technology, technical progress, delayed and distorted by capitalism; as people who realized that property barriers and partitions under capitalism hinder and retard the growth of the productive forces of our country; as people who saw and were sick of the waste of the people's strength and wealth of the country that capitalism produced.
The main core of communists, non-party people and specialists in “Economic Life” went a long way together through the harshest years of war communism and the difficult two years of NEP. This basic core formed the newspaper and is what it is based on to this day.
Panushkin G.P. G.I. Krumin M., 1974
The invention relates to methods for adaptive correction of combinatorial dependence and can be used for optimal control of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine. First, the presence of a discrepancy with the optimal turbine control parameters obtained from a combinatorial dependence is identified. Then the combinator is turned off, the direction of correction is determined and optimal parameters are searched for, in which the increase in water flow with a change in the position of the impeller blades would be equal to the increase in water flow when the opening of the guide vane changes, for which test pulse effects are formed, producing them simultaneously, but in opposite directions directions, grouping them in pairs, and stepwise feeding them to the control drives of the blades of the impeller and guide vane, measuring the increment in the electrical power of the unit of the next stage and recording the signs of changes in the electrical power of the unit. In this case, as a sign for selecting a corrective pair of pulses, a positive increase in electrical power is used, and the correction is continued until the moment when the increase in unit power becomes equal to zero, while the resulting parameters are accumulated in a memory block for their subsequent use as optimal when the unit mode occurs, corresponding in pressure and power. The method makes it possible to achieve maximum efficiency. unit. 4 ill.
The invention relates to methods for adaptive correction of combinatorial dependence and can be used in hydropower for optimal control of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine under operating conditions.
There is a known method for determining the combinatorial dependence of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine, which consists in adjusting the position of the impeller blades and opening the guide vane by applying test periodic impacts to the control drives of the impeller blades and guide vane at a given pressure and power (see the description of the RF author's certificate No. 1078119 , IPC F03B 15/12 dated 02/19/82).
The known method involves identifying modes of maximum efficiency (efficiency) by generating two antiphase indicator signals supplied to the drive of the guide vane blades and the drive of the impeller blades until the average values of the indicator signals reach zero.
As initial data for calculating efficiency. use the result of measuring the pressure drop in the flow meter section of the hydraulic unit, i.e. efficiency determined by an indirect method with recording of power, the positions of the guide vane blades and impeller blades at a constant pressure.
The disadvantage of this method is its complexity and limited application only under special test conditions.
As a prototype, a method was adopted for optimizing the combinatorial dependence of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine, which consists in adjusting the position of the impeller blades and opening the guide vane by applying impacts to the control drives of the impeller blades and guide vane at a given pressure and power (see description of the RF author's certificate No. 446676, IPC F03В 15/12 dated 12/06/72).
In the known method, after the power of the hydraulic turbine reaches a given value, according to the combinatorial dependence, the combinator roller is moved away from the cam, the opening of the guide vane is changed in steps, and the efficiency factor (efficiency) is determined by calculation until the efficiency with two adjacent openings will not become close enough.
Efficiency are calculated indirectly by the pressure difference in the water-water path of the hydraulic turbine, and during correction they only affect the change in the position of the guide vanes, which is not enough, since each new position requires a search for the corresponding optimal angle of rotation of the impeller blades.
The method is complicated and cannot be used on a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine during its operation. In addition, measurements of the initial data for calculating efficiency are unreliable.
In practice, to regulate the power of hydraulic turbines of multi-unit hydroelectric power plants, pre-calculated combinatorial dependencies that are the same for all units are used, implemented using mechanical or electrical converters.
The essence (meaning) of the correction is to determine the opening of the guide vane and the angle of rotation of the blades corresponding to the maximum efficiency. unit.
The combinatorial dependence is depicted by the curve m=f(ϕ), enveloping the maximum efficiency. at constant pressure (H=const), where m is the opening of the guide vane, and ϕ is the rotation angle of the blades.
The given power (N rear) corresponds to the opening of the guide vane (m 1) and the rotation angle (ϕ 1). The curve determines the point of maximum efficiency. (η 1), corresponding to the given power N ass and pressure N.
However, each unit has distinctive features that affect both the efficiency value itself and the choice of optimal control parameters (opening of the guide vane and the angle of rotation of the impeller blades).
Distinctive features include:
Significant deviations from the design dimensions of the waterway, even if they are in relative units within the tolerance of building codes;
Differences in clearances between impeller blades and chamber;
The presence of a discrepancy between the calculated and actual values of the opening of the guide vane and the rotation angle of the impeller blades;
Variation in the opening of the guide vanes;
Differences in the profile and size of the impeller blades, etc.
The actual presence of “dead” moves in the forward and feedback connections also affects the accuracy of the choice of control parameters.
Due to the distinctive features of each unit, the curve for determining the maximum efficiency. does not actually coincide with the curve corresponding to the combinatorial dependence. It can be shifted “to the left” of it, “to the right” and only in rare cases coincide with the combinatorial dependence curve. In the latter case, the control parameters (m 1, ϕ 1), obtained from the combinatorial dependence, correspond to the optimal ones.
The shift of the curves means that the angle of rotation of the blades (ϕ 1) optimally corresponds to a different opening of the guide vane, not (m 1), but (m 2), and, as a consequence, a different power. In this case, the unit actually operates with reduced efficiency. not (η 1), but (η 1ph) and carries the given power with increased water consumption.
Taking into account the above, it follows that the control parameters obtained from the calculated combinatorial dependence, which is the same for all units, are not optimal for each unit.
The experiments carried out confirm that when switching to manual control on a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine, 5-10% additional power can be obtained through individual optimization of parameters.
The technical objective of the proposed invention is to provide correction with the possibility of optimizing power control parameters (obtaining the highest possible efficiency) with minimal water consumption and taking into account the individual distinctive features of the rotary-blade hydraulic turbine.
The technical problem is solved by the fact that in the proposed method, the presence of a discrepancy with the optimal turbine control parameters obtained from the combinatorial dependence is first detected, then the combinatorial dependence is removed from the work, the direction of correction is determined and the optimal parameters are searched for, in which the increase in water flow with a change in the position of the impeller blades would be equal to the increase in water flow when changing the opening of the guide vane, for which test pulse impacts are formed, producing them simultaneously, but in opposite directions, grouping them in pairs and stepwise feeding them to the control drives of the blades of the impeller and guide vane, measuring the increase in electrical power unit of the next stage and fixing the signs of changes in the electrical power of the unit, while a positive increase in electrical power is used as a sign for selecting a corrective pair of pulses, and the correction is continued until the moment when the increase in power of the unit becomes equal to zero, while the resulting parameters are accumulated in a memory block for subsequent their use as optimal when a unit mode occurs that corresponds to pressure and power.
The proposed method makes it possible to optimize the correction of control parameters taking into account the individual distinctive features of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine.
Thanks to a more accurate determination of the optimal control parameters of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine, water consumption is saved at constant power, which allows the production of additional electricity. In addition, with increasing efficiency rotary-blade hydraulic turbine reduces the share of destructive effects of water energy, which reduces the cost of repair and restoration work.
The method for adaptive correction of the combinatorial dependence of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine is illustrated in the drawings, where
Figure 1 shows a curve depicting a combinatorial dependence;
in Fig.2 - the same, shift of the curve to the left;
in Fig.3 - the same, shift of the curve to the right;
Figure 4 shows a block diagram for implementing the proposed method.
The essence of the proposed invention is to determine the direction of correction and build the corresponding logic for searching for optimal parameters, for which it is necessary to have information that will allow one to establish the offset of the actual curve 3 relative to curve 2 of the combinatorial dependence.
After completing the installation of the given power mode (N set) according to the combinatorial dependence, a command is given to take it out of operation, single test pulse impacts are generated on the drive to control the impeller blades in the direction of their collapse (-Δϕ) and in the direction of reversal (+Δϕ), to the guide vane control drive in the direction of opening (+Δm) and closing (-Δm). When exposed, the change in the electrical power of the unit is measured
ΔN=N f -N back,
where N f is the actual power of the unit.
The power of a hydraulic turbine is calculated using the formula
where Q is the water flow through the rotary-blade hydraulic turbine. The turbine power is invariant with respect to water flow when changing the position of the blades of the impeller and guide vane and depends only on the efficiency. provided that the pulsed test impacts are selected in such a way that the increase in water flow is the same
[ΔQ ϕ ]=[ΔQ m ]
those. influences must be carried out simultaneously, but in opposite directions: on the opening of the guide vane (+Δm) and on the folding of the blades (-Δϕ) and/or on the closing of the guide vane (-Δm) and on the reversal of the blades (+Δϕ). Under such impacts, there is no change in water consumption (increases in water consumption are of equal importance and opposite in sign).
In this case, the response of the rotary-blade hydraulic turbine to the influence of test pulses is determined by the position of the curve: “left”, “right” or coincides. This condition can be selected with sufficient accuracy by physically or mathematically modeling the turbine.
The condition determines not only the position of the curve, but also the direction of correction of the control parameters towards the optimum.
If the curve is located “on the left”, then to find the optimum it is necessary to apply stepwise impulse influences (+Δϕ) (in the direction of turning the blades) and (-Δm) (in the direction of closing the guide vane), if the curve is located “on the right” - then, on the contrary, (-Δϕ) (towards the rotation of the blades) and (+Δm) (towards the opening of the guide vane).
In the case under consideration, electrical power is a function of two arguments
The condition for achieving the optimum (maximum efficiency) is that the total increase in electrical power is equal to zero:
those. regulation must be carried out until the above condition (1) is met, while the step step should be minimized to increase the accuracy of the adjustment, and pulses must be applied until the difference between the actual and specified power of the hydraulic turbine becomes zero
N=N f -N back =0
Figure 1 shows a block diagram for implementing the proposed method.
Blocks 1-8 simplify the control circuit of a rotary-blade turbine using a combinator, where block 1 generates a command to set a given power, block 2 controls the drive of the guide vane 3 and the combinator 5, from the output of which a signal is supplied to block 6, which generates a corresponding signal on blade control drive 7; 4 and 8 - indicators, respectively, of the position of the guide vane and the angle of rotation of the blades. The combinatorial dependence correction scheme is launched using block 9.
Block 9 turns off combinator 5 and starts block 10, which generates test impulse effects. Block 14 calculates the magnitude and sign of the power change when the test pulses are next applied to the unit through blocks 2 and 6. The data for the calculation for block 14 comes from block 1 (set power) and power sensor 13 of the hydrogenerator (actual power). Signals about test pulses and corresponding power changes from blocks 10 and 14 are sent to logic block 11, which determines the control logic according to three possible options: the “left” curve, the “right” curve, the curve coincides with the combinatorial dependence curve.
Depending on the results of test pulse actions, signals are sent from the output of block 11 to block 12, which generates corrective actions or a command to prohibit correction if the control parameters according to the combinatorial dependence are optimal. If additional correction is required, then the generated corresponding impulse influences in the counter direction are supplied to blocks 2, 6 for controlling the drives of the guide vane and rotating the blades.
Block 15 performs calculations according to condition (1), when fulfilled, it generates a signal to stop (prohibit) regulation. The prohibition signal is sent to block 12.
As a result of corrective control, the power of the unit increases; a signal is generated in block 14, supplied to block 16, which gives pulse commands to close the guide vane and roll up the blades.
The end of the regulation process is carried out by sending prohibition commands to block 16 from blocks 14, 15. Both effects of block 16 reduce water consumption.
The regulation is completed under the condition that the specified and actual power obtained by reducing water flow are equal.
The adjusted control parameters are supplied to the memory unit 17 and if a mode (pressure and power) occurs during operation that has already been optimized, correction is not required.
Before the correction begins, block 9 first makes a request to memory block 17 and, if it contains optimized parameters corresponding to the mode, they are sent to blocks 2 and 6.
A method for adaptive correction of the combinatorial dependence of a rotary-blade hydraulic turbine, which consists in changing the position of the impeller blades and opening the guide vane by applying test impacts to the control drives of the impeller blades and guide vane at a given pressure and power, characterized in that the presence of a discrepancy with the optimal parameters is first detected turbine regulation obtained from the combinatorial dependence, then turn off the combinator, determine the direction of correction and search for optimal parameters in which the increase in water flow with a change in the position of the impeller blades would be equal to the increase in water flow when changing the opening of the guide vane, for which test pulse effects are generated , producing them simultaneously, but in opposite directions, grouping them in pairs, and stepwise feeding them to the control drives of the blades of the impeller and guide vane, measuring the increment in the electrical power of the unit of the next stage and recording the signs of changes in the electrical power of the unit, while as a sign for When choosing a corrective pair of pulses, a positive increase in electrical power is used, and the correction is continued until the moment when the increase in power of the unit becomes equal to zero, while the control parameters are accumulated in a memory block for their subsequent use as optimal when a unit mode corresponding to pressure and power occurs.
