Home Children's dentistry Presentation on geography on the topic "Ural" (9th grade). Presentation on the topic "natural region - the Urals" Presentation on geography on the topic Ural

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Presentation on geography on the topic "Ural" (9th grade). Presentation on the topic "natural region - the Urals" Presentation on geography on the topic Ural

The Ural economic region includes: Kurgan, Orenburg, Perm, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk regions, as well as the republics of Bashkortostan and Udmurtia. The basis of the region is made up of medium-high ridges and ridges, only a few peaks reach an altitude of 1500 m above sea level. The highest peak is Mount Narodnaya (1895 m). Mountain ranges stretch

parallel to each other in the meridian direction, the ridges are separated by longitudinal mountain depressions along which rivers flow. Only one main chain of mountains is almost uninterrupted by river valleys; it forms a watershed between the rivers flowing to the Russian and West Siberian plains. The Urals are strongly elongated from north to south, so the country’s most important latitudinal communications pass through it

The Ural region is located between the old industrial regions of the European part of Russia, Siberia and Kazakhstan - at the junction of the European and Asian parts of the Russian Federation. This “neighborly” position can be assessed as favorable for the functioning and development of the entire economic complex.

The territory of the district, due to its internal position between the western and eastern economic zones, which have different levels of economic development and different specializations, ensures transit connections between them.

Population of the Urals

The region is home to 20.4 million people. The average population density is 25 people/km, but in the southern and especially northern regions it decreases sharply (to 1 person/km and lower). The population of the Urals has grown somewhat in recent years due to Russian immigrants from Central Asia and Kazakhstan, but in the future it will decline, since the natural growth in the area is negative (-5). The Urals are characterized by a high level of urbanization, the concentration of the majority of the population in large cities, which is largely explained by the predominance of large enterprises in the industry of the Urals.

Natural resources

The complex geological structure of the Urals determined the exceptional wealth and diversity of its resources, and the long-term processes of destruction of the Ural mountain system exposed these riches and made them more accessible for exploitation.

The natural resources of the Urals are very diverse and have a huge impact on its level of development. The Ural region has mineral resources, fuel, and non-metallic minerals. In terms of reserves of some types of mineral resources, the Urals ranks first in the world (copper ores, asbestos, potassium salts).

The fuel resources of the Urals are represented by all main types: oil, natural gas, coal, oil shale, peat. Oil deposits are concentrated mainly in Bashkortostan, the Perm and Orenburg regions and in Udmurtia, natural gas - in the Orenburg gas condensate field, which is the largest in the European part of the country.

Deposits of iron ores and non-ferrous metal ores are concentrated mainly within the Ural Mountains. More than 2 thousand deposits and ore occurrences of iron ore are known in the Urals.

The forest resources of the region are significant. The Urals are part of the multi-forest zone of the country; in terms of forest cover, it is second only to Siberia, the Far East and the North of the European part of the country. The main part of forest resources is located in the northern part of the Ural economic region - in the Sverdlovsk and Perm regions.

Transport of the Urals

Transport plays a huge role in the functioning of the economic complex of the Urals. This is explained, on the one hand, by the active participation of the region in the territorial division of labor, and on the other, by the high level of complexity of the Ural economy, which is manifested in the fact that many sectors of the economy do not work in isolation, but in close interconnection with each other. Hence the high share of intra-district transportation

Mechanical engineering in the Urals is a large branch of its market specialization and occupies a leading place in the structure of industrial production of the Ural economic region. Currently, there are almost 150 mechanical engineering enterprises operating in the region, representing all sub-sectors of mechanical engineering. The following industries are developed here: heavy engineering (production of mining and metallurgical equipment, chemical and petrochemical equipment), energy (production of turbines, steam boilers and others), transport, agricultural engineering, tractor manufacturing. Electrical engineering, instrument making, and machine tool manufacturing are developing most rapidly.

The chemical industry, a branch of market specialization in the Urals, has a powerful raw material base, using oil, associated petroleum gases, coal, salts, sulfur pyrites, waste from ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, and the forestry industry. The Ural economic region is one of the leading regions in the country in the development of the chemical industry, which is represented here by all the most important industries: mineral fertilizers, synthetic resins and plastics, synthetic rubber, soda, sulfuric acid and others.

The Urals is also a major consumer of chemical industry products. Of greatest importance is the production of mineral fertilizers, among which potassium fertilizers stand out. Potash fertilizers are produced in the area where raw materials are mined

(Verkhnekamsk salt-bearing basin). The main centers are located in the Perm region (Berezniki, Solekamsk

The construction industry in the Urals relies on its own raw material base. This is one of the leading areas for the production of cement, which is produced both from natural raw materials and from ferrous metallurgy waste. The largest centers of the cement industry are Magnitogorsk, Yemanzhelinsk (Chelyabinsk region)

The Urals also plays a significant role in the production of prefabricated reinforced concrete, panel houses, bricks, gypsum, crushed stone and other products, which are supplied to many regions of the country. Construction organizations of the Ural economic region help develop oil and gas fields in Western Siberia and build many facilities in other areas

The light industry of the Ural economic region includes leather and footwear; textile enterprises have also been built, for example the Tchaikovsky Silk Fabric Factory in the Perm Region. The clothing industry is widespread. The development of light industry in the region makes it possible to solve the problem of using female labor resources in areas where heavy industry is concentrated.

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Among the natural resources of the Urals, the most important are its mineral resources. The Urals have long been the country's largest mining and metallurgical base. And the Urals ranks first in the world in the extraction of some mineral ores. Among the natural resources of the Urals, the most important are its mineral resources. The Urals have long been the country's largest mining and metallurgical base. And the Urals ranks first in the world in the extraction of some mineral ores. Back in the 16th century, deposits of rock salt and sandstone containing copper were known on the western outskirts of the Urals. In the 17th century, quite numerous iron deposits became known and ironworks appeared. Placers of gold and deposits of platinum were found in the mountains, and precious stones were found on the eastern slope. The skill of searching for ore, smelting metal, making weapons and artistic items from it, and processing gems was passed on from generation to generation. In the Urals there are numerous deposits of high-quality iron ores (mountains Magnitnaya, Vysokaya, Blagodat, Kachkanar), copper ores (Mednogorsk, Karabash, Sibay, Gai), rare non-ferrous metals, gold, silver, platinum, the best bauxite, rock and potassium salts in the country (Solikamsk, Berezniki, Berezovskoye, Vazhenskoye, Ilyetskoye). In the Urals there is oil (Ishimbay), natural gas (Orenburg), coal, asbestos, precious and semi-precious stones. The hydropower potential of the Ural rivers (Pavlovskaya, Yumaguzinskaya, Shirokovskaya, Iriklinskaya and several small hydroelectric power stations) remains a far from fully developed resource.

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A presentation on the Ural topic is available for download below:

8th grade was completed by Kolegova L.V. geography teacher s. Bolshoi Bukor, Chaikovsky district, Perm region, Urals

At the junction of two parts of the world, Europe and Asia, the largest lithospheric plates, the largest river basins.

A continuation of the Ural Mountains in the north are the islands of Novaya Zemlya and Vaygach, and in the south are the Mugodzharsky Mountains

1 . This is a single mountain system created during the Hercynian folded era. The main features are:

2. The barrier position in relation to the westerly winds enhances cyclonic activity in the west and creates sharp differences between the western and eastern slopes.

3. Shift of the boundaries of landscape belts in the mountains to the south relative to their boundaries on the plains.

Stages of the origin of the Ural Mountains. Stage 1. Archean and Proterozoic era. Stage 2. Palaeozoic. (Hercynian folding) Stage 3. Mesozoic era. Stage 4. Cenozoic era. + + + +

Latitudinal profile of the Urals. Russian Plain Main (watershed) ridge 1200 1800 1600 Western foothills Eastern foothills West Siberian Plain The Ural Mountains are asymmetrical: the western slope is gentle, the eastern slope is quite steep.

Minerals The placement of minerals is related to the geological structure. In the western foothills, in a tectonic trough dominated by sedimentary rocks, there are minerals of sedimentary origin: potassium salts, table salts, limestones and marbles, refractory clays, sands, coals and sulfur pyrites. There are oil and gas reserves in the Urals. salt mining potash salt coal

In the Northern Urals there are bauxites. The main wealth of the Urals is the ores of ferrous and non-ferrous (copper, nickel) metals. igneous rocks In the eastern foothills and Trans-Urals, composed of igneous rocks, ore deposits (iron, copper and manganese ores) copper have been discovered

The Urals are also rich in precious metals (gold, platinum, silver), precious, semi-precious, and also ornamental stones. platinum gold silver

Differences in the climate of the northern and southern regions Climate change with altitude Differences in the climate of the western and eastern macroslopes. climate

Western slope. The weather is softened by warm Atlantic air. More precipitation falls. In the northern part of the Cis-Urals spruce and broad-leaved-spruce forests grow, in the south there are forest-steppe and steppe. Climate: moderate continental

Eastern slope Continental climate Zone of influence of cold Siberian air Larch and small-leaved forests dominate in the Trans-Urals

In the Urals there are the Pechora-Ilychsky biosphere and 10 more reserves (Vishersky, Denezhkin Kamen, Basegi, Visimsky, Ilmensky, etc.) and 5 national parks. Protected places Attractions

No. 6. Pechoro-Ilychsky reserve. Founded in 1930 Here you can find oddly shaped remains. No. 7. Mount Denezhkin Stone No. 10. Reserve "Denezhkin Stone" No. 8. Mount Konzhakovsky Stone No. 9. Vishera Reserve. Northern Urals

Here is the large Kaninskaya Cave (63m) - it served as a place of sacrifice for local residents from ancient times until the beginning of the 19th century. The world's northernmost Paleolithic site of a man who lived here 20,000-25,000 years ago was found in the Bear Cave. A large number of bones of extinct animals, such as the cave bear and the tiger lion, were also discovered. Northern Urals

The only mineralogical reserve in the world. They call it the richest pantry of the Ural Mountains. Ancient mines (400) have been preserved here, in which you can see “outlandish pebbles” from the tales of P.P. Bazhov Southern Urals Ilmensky Reserve The pride of the reserve is ilmenite, a black mineral with a semi-metallic sheen; in 2005 it became known that an ilmenite deposit exists in Moon. In total, 270 minerals were discovered in Ilmeny, of which 17 were discovered for the first time. There are rare and rare ones here, not found anywhere else in the world

Southern Urals Kapova Cave Cave with wall images of the Paleolithic era on the Belaya River.

Test: Complete the sentence. The Urals stretches for more than ... kilometers from the coast ... of the sea to the steppes.... The chains of the Ural Mountains form the border between the region of temperate continental and... climate, between the Volga basin and..., between the Russian Plain and..., between the ancient platform and.... 2 . In terms of height, the Urals are classified as mountains: a) low b) medium c) high; 3. According to their structure, the Ural Mountains are classified as: a) folded b) folded-block c) block. 4. Choose the correct statements. a) The share of glaciers in feeding the Ural rivers is very significant. b) The main wealth of the Urals is forest resources. c) The Urals are a natural boundary between the Russian and West Siberian plains. d) More precipitation falls on the western slopes of the Ural Mountains than on the eastern ones

5. Indicate the part of the Urals that has the greatest absolute height: a) Polar Urals; b) Subpolar Urals; c) Northern Urals; d) Middle Urals e) Southern Urals 6. Indicate the absolute height of the highest point of the Ural Mountains - Mount Narodnaya: a) 5642 m; b)8848 m; c) 1895 m; d) 2922 m. 7. Select the characteristic features of the Subpolar Urals: a) parallel arrangement of ridges; b) the highest altitudes in the Urals; c) strong earthquakes; d) distinct traces of ancient glaciations.

7. Identify the numbers that indicate in the figure: a) Mount Yamantau; b) the Pechora River; c) the Ural River d) Pechora-Ilychsky Nature Reserve; e) Pai-Khoi ridge; f) Southern Urals; g) Northern Urals; h) Subpolar Urals. i) Mount Narodnaya; j) Chusovaya River; k) Ilmensky Nature Reserve; m) Mount Konzhakovsky Stone; Answers: a2, b4, c10, d6, d15, e13, h7, i1, k8, l11, m3.

Geographic region in Russia, stretching between the East European and West Siberian Plains. The main part of this region is the Ural mountain system. In the south of the region there is also part of the Ural River basin, which flows into the Caspian Sea.

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“Presentation on geography on the topic “Ural” (grade 9)”

The presentation was developed by a student of grade 9a MBOU "Secondary School No. 2"

Evpatoria

Volkovoy Alexander

Ural

Ural- a geographical region in Russia, stretching between the East European and West Siberian plains. The main part of this region is the Ural mountain system. In the south of the region there is also part of the Ural River basin, which flows into the Caspian Sea.

Composition of the Ural Federal District:

Kurgan region (Kurgan)
Sverdlovsk region (Ekaterinburg)
Tyumen region (Tyumen)
Khanty-Mansiysk District (Khanty-Mansiysk)
Chelyabinsk region (Chelyabinsk)
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Salekhard)

Legends of the Urals

“Ural” in Bashkir means belt. There is a Bashkir tale about a giant who wore a belt with deep pockets. He hid all his wealth in them. The belt was huge. One day the giant stretched it, and the belt lay across the entire earth, from the cold Kara Sea in the north to the sandy shores of the southern Caspian Sea. This is how the Ural ridge was formed.

Nature

The Ural Mountains consist of low ridges and massifs. The highest of them, rising above 1200-1500 m, are located in the Subpolar (Mount Narodnaya - 1895 m), Northern (Mount Telposis - 1617 m) and Southern (Mount Yamantau - 1640 m) Urals. The massifs of the Middle Urals are much lower, usually no higher than 600-650 m. The western and eastern foothills of the Urals and piedmont plains are often dissected by deep river valleys. There are many rivers and lakes in the Urals and the Urals; the sources of the Pechora and Ural rivers are located. Several hundred ponds and reservoirs have been created on the rivers. The Ural Mountains are old (they arose in the late Paleozoic) and are located in the region of the Hercynian fold.

The climate of the Urals is typical mountainous; precipitation is distributed unevenly not only across regions, but also within each region. The climate of the mountainous regions of Western Siberia is less continental than the climate of the West Siberian Plain.
Within the same zone on the plains of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals, natural conditions differ markedly. This is explained by the fact that the Ural Mountains serve as a kind of climatic barrier. To the west of them there is more precipitation, the climate is more humid and mild; to the east, that is, beyond the Urals, there is less precipitation, the climate is drier, with pronounced continental features.

Several centuries ago the animal world was richer than it is now. Plowing, hunting, and deforestation have displaced and destroyed the habitats of many animals. Wild horses, saigas, bustards, and little bustards have disappeared. Herds of deer migrated deeper into the tundra. But rodents have spread to the plowed lands. In the north you can meet the inhabitants of the tundra - reindeer. Otters and beavers are found along the river valleys. The sika deer was successfully acclimatized in the Ilmensky Nature Reserve; muskrat, beaver, deer, muskrat, raccoon dog, American mink, and Barguzin sable were also resettled.

Flora

The differences in landscapes are noticeable as you climb. In the Southern Urals, for example, the path to the tops of the largest Zigalga ridge begins with crossing a strip of hills and ravines at the foot, densely overgrown with bushes and herbs. Then the road goes through pine, birch and aspen forests, among which there are glimpses of grassy glades. Spruces and firs rise above like a palisade. Dead wood is almost invisible - it burns out during frequent forest fires. In flat areas there may be swamps. The peaks are covered with scattered stones, moss and grass. The rare and stunted spruces and crooked birches that come across here do not in any way resemble the landscape at the foot, with multi-colored carpets of herbs and shrubs.

Taiga

Siberian spruce, cedar, larch with an admixture of birch

Norway spruce, fir, pine with an admixture of birch and aspen.

Forest-steppe

Broad-leaved species: oak, linden, maple, elm, birch.

Subpolar Urals

It is distinguished by its significant height of mountain ranges. Here is the main peak of the Narodnaya ridge. Traces of ancient glaciation, moraine ridges...