Addition- it's such minor member offers, which denotes an object. This can be the target object of the action ( I'm reading d R at G at ); the object to which the action is directed ( I'm reading To n And G at ); object-means of action ( I read quietly G O l O With O m ); comparison object ( more beautiful m e n I) and other.
Supplement in Russian answers questions indirect cases:
- Genitive (who? what?): no d e n e G; purchase O d e and d s; target and And h n And;
- dative (to whom? what?): sings R e b e n To at; writing d R at G at;
- accusative (who? what?): reading To n And G at; I see m O R e;
- instrumental case (by whom? what?): sick P R O With T at d O th; I'm interested uh h O T e R And To O th;
- prepositional (about whom? about what?): dreams O With h A With T b e; Think O m A m e.
According to morphological characteristics share two types of add-ons:
- direct object is an addition that has a prepositional accusative form: called (who?) m A m y; read (what?) To n And G at.
- indirect object - this is an addition that has the form of all other cases, including those formed with the help of prepositions: think (about whom?) O n e m; call (who?) b A b at w To e.
Connections of complements in a sentence.
Addition to offer may refer to:
1) To the predicate verb: I'm reading To n And G at;
2) To the main or minor member expressed by a noun: symptoms b O l e h n And; joy O t in With T R e h And;
3) To the main or secondary member, which is expressed by an adverb: short O G l A V n O m; suddenly d l I m e n I;
4) To the main or minor member of a sentence, expressed by a participle or adjective: strict To d e T I m; caring O R O d And T e l I X.
How can the addition be expressed?
Addition to offer can be expressed by the following parts of speech:
1. By noun:
I'm reading To n And G at. Writing P And With b m O. I sing P e With n Yu.
Notice h T O-T O. Call m n e.
5. Infinitive ( indefinite form verb):
I asked at e X A T b. Gave h A b s T b.
6. By a phrase or phraseological unit:
planted A n Yu T And n s G l A h To And. Ate P A R y l O and e K. I thought O To A and d O m and h d e T e th.
complements usually refer to sentence members expressed by verbs or impersonal predicative words, i.e. predicate. Members of a sentence expressed by nouns may have additions, as a rule, if the nouns are formed from a verb ( distribute - distribution; convert - transformation) or correlate with them in meaning ( love is to love, hate is to hate). Wed: distribute magazines - distribute magazines; transform nature - transform nature; love for a friend - to love a friend; hatred of enemies - to hate enemies.
Additions with the meaning of an object in relation to which this or that attribute is manifested (a less common meaning) can refer to sentence members expressed by adjectives or adverbs; an adjective usually acts as a predicate or correlates with it in function (for example: We are proud of our achievements; The sound is pleasant to the ear; Sound that is pleasing to the ear); adverb - in the role of an adverb related to the predicate (for example: do it unnoticed by others).
Thus, entering into phrases expressing object relations, complements refer to those members of the sentence that are in one way or another connected with verbs: they can be expressed by verbs or other parts of speech, correlative with verbs in formation or meaning, and, finally, can relate to members of a sentence, the usual way of expressing which is a verb.
Additions to sentence members expressed by verbs and impersonal predicative words
With sentence members expressed by verbs and impersonal predicative words, direct and indirect additions are distinguished.
Direct object is an addition in the form of the accusative case without a preposition, referring to a member of the sentence expressed by a transitive verb. A direct object denotes the object to which the action is directly directed. For example: I remember very well the day when Akhmatova left her small room(Ard).
Predicates expressed by transitive verbs with negation can have a direct object in the form of the genitive case without a preposition. For example: But she can't return her days of yore(N.).
In the form of the genitive case without a preposition, there may be an addition denoting an inanimate object, with impersonal predicative words sorry, sorry; sorry for time, sorry for life(cf. sorry for the brother, sorry for the woman); AND we feel sorry for something bright(Bl.).
Depending on the specific meaning of the verb that expresses the member of the sentence explained by the object, the direct object can have different shades of meaning. It can denote an object that is the result of an action: I’ll come up with a plan - I’ll hide large rivers under ice for a long time, I’ll build ice palaces, the likes of which people will never build.(N.); affected object: Dumnov I killed a pike and barely got it(Priv.); object of feeling, perception: I love the lush wilting of nature, the forests dressed in crimson and gold (P.); Finally, I hear the speech not of the boy, but of the husband(P.); object of knowledge, development: He knew classical and many modern languages, antique and new philosophy, literature, art(Ard.).
The complement can denote the space overcome by the action: I I almost walked around the entire globe - and life is good, and living is good(M.), and also name the object of thought, desire: Now I remember you too(Ch.).
Indirect addition is an addition expressed by forms of the accusative case with prepositions, as well as forms of other indirect cases without prepositions and with prepositions. For example: The woman jumped up and began to peer into the distance with an air of concern.(L.); I ran up along the small staircase that led to the small room(P.), I press the call button(Ard.); In the end his efforts were crowned with success(Ard.).
Additions expressed by forms of indirect cases without prepositions, when included in phrases that convey object relations, can denote an object subject to action: Having picked mushrooms, we went home; object of removal, deprivation: Our hero lives in Kolomna, serves somewhere, shuns the nobles and does not worry about forgotten antiquities or deceased relatives(P.); object of touch, achievement; He is happy if he throws a fluffy boa over her shoulder or warmly touches her hand(P.); object to which the action is directed: Is it You command the lightning not to flow?!(M.); Tatyana believed the legends of the common people of old times, and dreams, and card fortune-telling, and moon predictions(P.); instrument or means of action: What is written with a pen cannot be cut out with an ax(last); They were driven back by ten times the enemy's strength.(A.N.T.). Complements can denote the subject of an action or state: Of course, I should be ashamed(T.); Killed I thought the bear was one of the big ones(Ars.).
Additions expressed by forms of indirect cases with prepositions, when included in phrases that convey object relations, can have different shades of meaning. They can indicate the material from which something is made: It seemed that the cathedral was built not of stone, but of variously and palely colored air masses(Paust.); the object in relation to which the action is performed, directed or extended: Baltic clouds float over the bay, and waves splash into the cold granite(Sim.); the object in relation to which the state is manifested: Mother was worried about her son; object of thought, statement, feeling: She began to talk about the merits of her institution(Ard.); the object for which the action is performed: She wanted to dig up and fertilize the soil for the garden herself.; may have a deletion value: At the power plant it was torn off from railway (N. Ostr.); may denote the person with whom the action is performed: After the verdict, the sailors surrounded Schmidt and said goodbye to him(Paust.).
Objects expressed by an infinitive denote an action as an object to which another action is directed. The subject and object infinitive can act as a complement.
An infinitive is called subjective if the subject of the action it denotes coincides with the subject of the action denoted by the verb being explained. In a sentence They agreed to meet tomorrow the subject of the action indicated by the infinitive meet and the action indicated by the past tense form agreed is one and the same.
An infinitive is called objective if the subject of the action indicated by the infinitive does not coincide with the subject of the action indicated by the word being explained. In a sentence I ask you to read the article the subjects of the actions indicated by the verbs ask and read do not coincide (cf.: I request that you read the article).
Additions to sentence members expressed by adjectives
Additions to sentence members expressed by adjectives denote an object in relation to which one or another attribute is detected or manifested. An addition, for example, can denote an object that specifies the internal content of a feature: Satisfied with the festive dinner, the neighbor sniffles in front of the neighbor(P.); an object that limits the scope of manifestation of a trait: He [Frost] with a sad, tired, almost senile anger unknown to him, he thought that he was already twenty-seven years old, and not a single minute of his life could be returned to live it differently, and nothing good was visible ahead either, and he, maybe very soon he will die from a bullet, no one needs(Fad.); There are things that are completely unnecessary and impossible for robots, such as humor(Gran.); comparison object: Flowers are the last mile of the luxurious firstborns of the fields(P.).
Additions to sentence members expressed by adverbs
Additions to sentence members expressed by adverbs denote the object in relation to which the attribute expressed by the adverb is manifested, for example: He acted offensively to others; or object of comparison, likening: Valentina understood Andrey better than himself(G. Nik.).
Additions to sentence members expressed by nouns
Additions to sentence members expressed by nouns mainly denote the object of the action.
The meaning of the object of action appears most clearly in additions to verbal nouns. For example: He proved that flooding the catacombs has no effect(Paust.); One of the organization members was tasked with distributing leaflets. Wed: flood the catacombs, distribute leaflets.
Less common are additions with the meaning of the object of action for other nouns. These are nouns with the meaning of action and state: Thirst fame greatly excited this young and ardent soul(White); Every morning we went to the destroyer's rise(Paust.) (cf.: thirst for glory, raise a destroyer), as well as nouns with the meaning of producer of an action: But do not think, after this, that the author of this book ever had the proud dream of becoming the patron of human morals.(L.).
Less common are additions for nouns that are not related to verbs either by origin or semantics.
Such additions convey the relationship of the item to the manufacturer, manager, owner, etc. (in this case, the noun being explained has the meaning of a person): The resort people turn pale, call me a monster, they want to run to the port captain and demand help from Mukhin(Paust.); or the content of an abstract concept, which is the word being explained: ...The dawn of poetic immortality seemed to her better goal being(White).
Additions related to sentence members expressed by nouns can acquire a defining connotation of meaning, i.e. combine the function of addition with the function of definition. Such functional complexity is observed with explained words - nouns with the meaning of a statement, mental activity, or with other meanings close to these. An explanatory word in this case denotes the subject or content of thought or speech: Chelkash began to make Gavrila think about the village(M.G.); He was overcome by a wave of memories of his village(M.G.); In their lion's roar a song about a proud bird thundered(M.G.); Both of them entertained each other with questions about personal experiences...(Fed.).
The objective meaning is complicated by the attributive and in some other cases, when the word being explained is a noun of abstract meaning: And the birds hear confidence in victory in this cry(M.G.); No more fear of fate(M.G.).
When combining the objective and defining functions, there is reason to talk about defining additions.
Along with the combination of two functions in one minor member of a sentence related to a noun, cases of a transitional nature are also observed (from addition to definition, but with a predominance of objective meaning). Such cases allow for two interpretations. For example: When he came alongside one of the groups of tramp loaders sitting in the shade under a pile of baskets with coal He marked the shortest route on the map with chips(Hump.); I picked a large bouquet of these flowers(Paust.).
Passive is a turnover in which the subject denotes the person or thing that is being acted upon, and the complement denotes actor or subject. For example: And the apple tree in the wild minefield will not be bypassed this day(Proc.); Tikhonov was quickly picked up by soldiers and taken to the regimental hospital.. Wed: The soldiers quickly picked up Tikhonov and carried him to the regimental infirmary.(Paust.).
When replacing an actual phrase with a passive one and a passive one with an actual one, the form of the predicate changes, in addition, a semantic shift occurs: the object takes on the form of the subject, and the subject takes on the form of the complement. For example: Fog enveloped the city. - The city is shrouded in fog; The wave washed the boat ashore. - The boat is washed ashore by a wave.
An object is a minor member of a sentence that denotes an object associated with an action and answers questions of indirect cases, usually standing after the word that extends. The object can refer to verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, for example: They believed (in what?) in these scribbles (in these scribbles - complement). He knew the value (what?) of such conversations (such conversations are an addition).
Supplements can be expressed by nouns, pronouns, less often quantitative numerals, infinitives, substantivized words, syntactically indivisible phrases, for example: Subtract five from ten (from ten five is an addition). They asked him to figure it out (figure it out - addition).
Direct and indirect objects
Supplement denoting the object to which the action is directly directed called direct. The direct object in a sentence refers to a transitive verb and is expressed in the following forms:
- form of the prepositional accusative case of nouns, pronouns, substantivized words, for example: At night I saw (what?) birches (birches are an object). He saw (who?) me and froze (me - addition).
- the form of the prepositional genitive case: a) if the complement denotes a direct object (divisible substance), which is partially covered by the action (such a genitive case is called disjunctive), for example: But you are right: it’s better to drink (what?) some tea (seagull is an addition); b) when transitive verbs with negation not (genitive when negated), for example: But he did not consider (what?) faces (faces-object);
- dative form of a direct object with the preposition according (dative distributive), for example: give an orange, plant a tree, take an apple.
Additions expressed in forms of other cases are called indirect, for example: A forester shot at a bear (a bear is an addition). Tikhonov took the gun and carefully approached the person lying down (addition to the person lying down).
Circumstance
Circumstance is a minor member of a sentence that denotes place, direction, time, reason, purpose, condition, image and degree of action; usually characterizes the predicate and answers the questions where? Where? where? When? For what? Why? How? under what condition? and etc.
By meaning, circumstances are traditionally divided into circumstances of place, time, cause, purpose, condition, concession, manner and degree of action. Circumstances are expressed by adverbs, nouns in indirect cases with prepositions or syntactically indivisible combinations: an adverb with a noun and a cardinal number with a noun.
Types of circumstances
- circumstances of the place indicate the place of action or location of an object, the direction of movement and answer the questions where? Where? where?. They refer to a predicate verb or other sentence member denoting an action or state;
- circumstances of the time indicate the time of an action, its beginning, duration or end and answer the questions when? since when? How long? how long?;
- circumstances of the course of action denote a quality or mode of action and state, answer the questions how? how?;
- circumstances of degree actions give a quantitative description of an action or attribute, answer the question how many? to what extent? in what degree?;
- circumstances reasons indicate the reason or reason, the basis of an action or sign and answer the questions why? from what? due to what? For what? for what reason?;
- circumstances of the goal indicate the purpose of the action and answer the questions why? For what? for what purpose?;
- circumstances conditions indicate the prerequisite, condition under which the described event occurs, answer the question under what condition?;
- circumstances of the assignment indicate the condition contrary to which an event occurs, and answer questions in spite of what? no matter what?
Addition
Addition noun, With., used compare often
Morphology: (no) what? additions, what? addition, (see) what? addition, how? addition, about what? about the addition;
pl.
What? additions, (no) what? additions, what? additions, (see) what? additions, how? additions, about what? about additions
1. One object, phenomenon, etc. is called addition to another object, phenomenon, etc., if it is added to it. Practical experience is a good addition to theoretical knowledge. | The next room was a small addition to the main room. | Fish became a valuable addition to their diet.
2. Supplement they call something that expands or deepens someone’s words, thought, text.
Make amendments to the bill. | He drew up a codicil to the will. | The iconographic material needed additions.
3. If you do anything in addition to something, it means you do it on top of something.
I studied two languages in addition to those I learned at university.
4. In grammar addition- this is a member of a sentence that denotes the object of an action or attribute and is usually expressed by the indirect case of a noun.
Direct addition. | Indirect addition.
Dictionary Russian language Dmitriev. D. V. Dmitriev. 2003.
Synonyms:
Antonyms:
See what “addition” is in other dictionaries:
ADDENDUM, additions, cf. (book). 1. Action under Ch. complement complement. He was involved in adding and correcting old articles for the collection. || A part added to clarify or correct what was previously written. In the new circular... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
See addition, addition in addition... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M.: Russian Dictionaries, 1999. addition augmentation, replenishment, addition, addition, additive, allowance, increase, ... ... Synonym dictionary
A minor member of a sentence, expressing the relationship of one subject of thought to another, named by a verb (verb object) or a name (nominal object). The function of addition is predominantly played by the indirect case of the name (with... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
ADDITION, I, Wed. 1. see add. 2. What what n. added, addition. D. to the resolution. In d. (in addition to nothing else). Additions to clothing (ties, belts, scarves, bags, jewelry). 3. In grammar: minor member of a sentence... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
1's complement- reverse code bitwise complement - [L.G. Sumenko. English-Russian dictionary on information technology. M.: State Enterprise TsNIIS, 2003.] Topics information Technology in general Synonyms reverse code bit complement EN one s complement ...
- (document amendment) (rider) An American term meaning a clause or condition added in addition to an important bill, but not directly related to its contents. In most cases, such additional items would not be included in... ... Political science. Dictionary.
Addition- 1. Same as addenda, additional text with clarifications, changes or new considerations, placed by the author after the work or its part (section), when to enter new material into a previously written text or inappropriate (required... ... Publishing dictionary-reference book
- (Supplement), Poland, 2001, 108 min. A film about the choice of life's calling and attitude towards faith. Main character In search of his calling, he rushes between the monastery and everyday life, in which he has a girlfriend and a brother. Cast: Pavel Okraska, Monika... ... Encyclopedia of Cinema
Addition- ADDITION. A grammatical term denoting a noun in the indirect case, as part of a sentence. In some traditional grammars, the term D. is used in a narrower sense to designate a noun in the indirect case,... ... Dictionary literary terms
- (complement) A product for which the demand changes in the same direction as the demand for some other goods whose prices have changed. For example, an increase in the price of bread can lead to a decrease in demand for it; if at the same time the demand for... ... Dictionary of business terms
addition- The structural part of the main text, composed of materials allocated by the author for placement at the end of the work or its section. [GOST R 7.0.3 2006] Subjects of the publication, main types and elements Generalizing terms parts and elements of the text... ... Technical Translator's Guide
Books
- Addition to the board game "Settlers" - Aztec Empire (8964), Trzewiczek Ignacy, Addition "Aztecs" adds a new empire and new game mechanics of rituals to board game"Settlers". It is not a standalone game. In order to play in addition... Category:
Direct addition An object expressed in the accusative case without a preposition and dependent: a) from a transitive verb (write a statement, give advice); b) from some words of the condition category (sorry for the girl, it hurts her arm). The genitive case form can act as a direct object: a) with transitive verbs with negation (not to like music, not to notice mistakes); b) with some words, categories of state (sorry for lost time).
Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .
See what a “direct complement” is in other dictionaries:
See oggetto diretto... Five-language dictionary of linguistic terms
direct addition Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal
direct addition- A type of morphologized addition used with transitive verbs and denoting the object to which the action is directly directed and which is completely covered by the action. D.p. expressed: 1) accusative case without... ... Syntax: Dictionary
Addition- Complement is a member of a sentence, expressed by a noun and denoting an object (object), reflecting the action of a verbal attribute or serving as its instrument. There is a distinction between direct and indirect objects. Direct object means... ... Linguistic encyclopedic dictionary
ADDENDUM, additions, cf. (book). 1. Action under Ch. complement complement. He was involved in adding and correcting old articles for the collection. || A part added to clarify or correct what was previously written. In the new circular... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
STRAIGHT, oh, oh; straight, straight, straight, straight and straight. Ozhegov's explanatory dictionary. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 … Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
ADDITION, I, Wed. 1. see add. 2. What what n. added, addition. D. to the resolution. In d. (in addition to nothing else). Additions to clothing (ties, belts, scarves, bags, jewelry). 3. In grammar: minor member of a sentence... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
This term has other meanings, see Appendix. An addition in syntax is a minor member of a sentence, expressed by a noun or pronominal noun. Supplement denotes a thing or person that is the object of... ... Wikipedia
Complement (syntax) is a minor member of a sentence, expressed by a noun or pronominal noun, which names the person or thing that is the object of the action called the predicate. There is a direct object without a preposition... ... Wikipedia
Books
- Periodic law. Additional materials, D.I. Mendeleev, This volume is a kind of addition to the volume of works of D.I. Mendeleev on the periodic law, published in the series “Classics of Science” in 1958. The materials included here ... Category: Mathematics and science Series: Publisher: YOYO Media,
- Periodic law, D.I. Mendeleev, This volume is a kind of addition to the volume of works of D.I. Mendeleev on the periodic law, published in the Classics of Science series in 1958 (later published earlier volume... Category: Library Science Publisher:
