Elvira Ivanova
Conversation on the topic “Space Discoverers” for children of the preparatory group
Target: Expand children's ideas about space flights.
Tasks: To introduce the Russian scientists who stood at the origins of the development of Russian cosmonautics: K. E. Tsialkovsky and S. P. Korolev. To consolidate knowledge about the first cosmonaut Yu. A. Gagarin, to bring to the understanding that only a healthy, educated, fearless person can be an astronaut. To cultivate pride in our country for the fact that the first astronaut on earth was a citizen of our country.
Materials: photographs of cosmonauts, Russian scientists, illustrations of the spacecraft's launch, meeting Gagarin from space, photographs of the dogs Belka and Strelka.
Progress of the conversation.
Educator: Since ancient times, man looked at the sky and all the time he wanted to know why there are so many stars in the sky and why are they so bright? Over time, scientists came up with telescopes and began to observe the starry sky. And they also learned that there are other planets besides the Earth. What planets do you know?
(Children's answers).
But people also wanted to know whether people live on other planets. And who do they look like: people or not? But to find out, you have to fly to these planets. And it was necessary to come up with a type of transport that could fly to the stars. And scientists came up with a rocket.
And it was invented by the scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsialkovsky (portrait showing). He lived in the city of Kaluga. He loved to watch the stars through a telescope, studied them and wanted to find the answer: is it possible to fly to other planets on a rocket. And he decided to design such an aircraft. Tsialkovsky carried out calculations, made drawings and came up with such an aircraft. But he didn't have the opportunity to do it.
And only many, many years later, another design scientist Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (portrait showing) was able to design and manufacture the first space satellite, in which the dogs Belka and Strelka flew around the Earth. And only then, on April 12, 1961, a man flew into space for the first time.
Who was it?
(Children's answers).
Yes, it was Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin (portrait showing).
Yes, he was the first person to see the Earth from space (showing a view of planet earth from space). He saw the whole earth. He flew and looked out the porthole window, and not only mountains and seas, islands and continents floated under him, but the entire planet floated and turned under him. In 108 minutes he circled the Earth. “How beautiful she is,” Gagarin said on the radio.
What do you guys think, what should an astronaut be like?
(Children's answers)
First of all, an astronaut must be healthy, strong, and resilient, because during a space flight a person experiences enormous overloads. Now listen to what Yuri Gagarin felt during the world's first space flight. Writer Viktor Borozdin wrote about this “Starships”
And now we will build all our spaceships. (Asks the children to come to the tables. There are cut-out pictures depicting spaceship. Children complete the task. The teacher praises the children).
Well done boys. And now we will play the game “Cosmonauts”.
Three-seater four spaceships are built from hoops along the edges of the group room. Children walk in a circle, holding hands, in the middle of the circle, saying: “Fast rockets are waiting for us for walking around the planets. We'll fly to whatever we want. But there is one secret in the game: there is no place for latecomers!” After this, the children take their places in the rockets. Those who board the rocket take turns telling what they see and where they are flying. After this, the game repeats again.
That's how difficult it was for the first cosmonaut. Why should an astronaut still be fearless?
(Children's answers).
After all, people had never flown in space before and they didn’t know what could happen to them in space or there could be some kind of malfunction in the rocket. And when Gagarin flew into space, the whole people watched this flight, people were all worried about him. And only when he landed did the people rejoice for him. People took to the streets, and in Moscow they gathered on Red Square and celebrated this event. Everyone was proud that it was a Soviet man (that’s what our country was called before) who was the first to go into space.
(Showing illustrations of people on Red Square).
And after this flight, many astronauts visited space. And among them there were women - Valentina Tereshkova and Svetlana Savitskaya (showing portraits).
And what other astronauts’ names do you know?
(Children's answers).
And cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was the first to go into outer space (portrait showing).
Many astronauts have been in space more than once, and some work for several months.
The work of astronauts was appreciated by our country and all of them were awarded high awards.
But people don't stop there. They strive to explore everything distant and unknown - new planets and starry distances.
Maybe one of you will become an astronaut. Or a designer of rockets on which people can overcome long distances and discover new planets.
Publications on the topic:
Conversation for parents on the topic: “ Age characteristics children of the sixth year of life." Developed by: teacher Isakova V.V. Kindergarten No. 32.
Summary of an integrated lesson in the senior group “Space Discoverers” Summary of an integrated lesson in the senior group "Space Discoverers". Goal: - to introduce children to Russian scientists who...
Goal: Consolidate knowledge about the features of winter nature and careful attitude to yourself and your health. Objectives: Educational. Systematize.
Goal: development of cognitive and creative activity of children on the topic “Space”. Objectives: - to expand and consolidate children’s existing knowledge about space.
Goal: Systematize and enrich children’s knowledge about space, space flights, and astronauts. Objectives: educational: 1).Consolidate knowledge.
"Conversation about Cosmonautics Day"
Integration of areas: Socialization, Communication, Health
Goal: introducing children to a themed day by introducing pupils to the first cosmonaut of the planet, Yu. A. Gagarin.
Software tasks:
1. Continue to acquaint children with Russian holidays, with the feat of Yu. A. Gagarin, its significance for humanity. Enrich children's ideas about space, astronauts, space equipment, and the use of space for the benefit of people.
2. Develop cognitive interest in space as an object of the surrounding world. Initiate children's activity and desire to learn new things about space.
3. Foster a sense of pride in your country.
Equipment: The teacher has a laptop on the table, where a slide with stars and a flying rocket is shown. On the easel there is the inscription “April 12 - Cosmonautics Day.”
Organizing time.
Game "What has changed." The teacher pays attention to changes in the environment. He asks those who noticed to tell the teacher in the ear about what has changed. The teacher praises the children for their attentiveness. The teacher answers children's questions about the laptop and inscriptions. Children sit freely near the teacher's table.
Introduction to the conversation
The teacher offers to watch a presentation about space on a laptop (“Do you want to see “Space” pictures?”). Invites the children to sit on the mat so that everyone can see. Places laptop in front of children. Shows 3-4 pictures (photos). Asks questions: How big do you think the universe is? Is there air in space? Is it warm in space? What do the stars look like? What can they be compared to? What is the Earth like? What dangers can await in outer space? The teacher does not limit the children's speech. The teacher praises the children for knowing so much about space and says that space has always attracted people and fascinated them. Offers to listen to a poem about space, about the stars.
Main part. Tells the children that today is a holiday. “What holiday, who guessed?” (Cosmonautics Day). Why does our country celebrate this holiday on April 12? Do you want to know? He says that on April 12, 1961, in our country, the first man in the world, Yu. A. Gagarin, flew into space (shows his portrait on a slide + video “Gagarin in the ship “Let’s go”). Teacher: “On April 12, 1961, on a warm sunny day, Man realized his centuries-old dream - he overcame gravity and flew into space. Listen to how Yuri Alekseevich feels before the launch: “Am I happy going on a space flight? Of course I'm happy. After all, at all times and eras, it has been the highest happiness for people to participate in new discoveries.” The teacher asks the children: Do you think it was dangerous to be the first to fly into space? How did Yu. A. Gagarin feel before the start? “How can you tell about such a person?” (Children select words - epithets).
On the slide they look at a spacesuit - the clothing of astronauts (“What is the name of the astronaut’s clothing? What does he need a spacesuit for? What does a spacesuit’s helmet look like?”) The teacher generalizes that astronauts need special clothing - a spacesuit. It protects the body, maintains a certain temperature, the helmet protects the head, and allows you to breathe. He emphasizes that spacesuits are now made from modern materials, they are more comfortable and less bulky (shows a photo on a slide). “Who knows what the name of the ship on which Gagarin flew? What is another name for spaceships?
The teacher shows a slide with a space station and asks the children “Who knows what this is? Why is there a space station in space?”
Final part. “Why do you think people study outer space? What benefits does space bring to humans? Do you think space is dangerous for humans? In which cases?"
“Would you like to fly into space?” “What qualities do you need to have to be an astronaut?”
The teacher encourages the children, telling them that if they have a great desire and make an effort, their dreams of space will definitely come true.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
To consolidate children's knowledge about how Russian people defended their Motherland during the Great Patriotic War Patriotic War how the living remember them. Activate vocabulary on the topic, enrich children's speech. Raise pride...
Lesson about Cosmonautics Day
– Today we will have an unusual activity: you and I will fly into space. To find out what we will go on our journey on, let’s solve a riddle. A bird cannot fly to the moon and land on the moon. But Dee can do this...
Cosmonautics Day in kindergarten.
Author: Bondarenko Ekaterina Nikolaevna, teacher.Place of work: MBU kindergarten No. 49 "Merry notes", Tolyatti
The theme of space is always interesting for children. Therefore, on April 12, Cosmonautics Day, educators hold holidays, competitions, and educational classes on the topic: Cosmonautics.
We invite you to conduct for preschoolers educational activity in the form of a thematic conversation.
Thematic conversation for Cosmonautics Day “Man rose to the sky”
Tasks:1. Generalize and expand children’s knowledge about the Universe.
2. Give an idea about the first cosmonaut, about the significance of Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin’s first flight into space, about the inventor of the space rocket, about the Cosmonautics Day holiday.
3. Form cognitive interests; the concept of oneself as an inhabitant of planet Earth.
4. Activate the vocabulary: sky, stars, planets, satellites, astronaut, Sun, Earth, Moon.
5. Enrich the vocabulary: Galaxy, Universe, Solar system, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Pluto, weightlessness, orbit, meteorite, spacesuit, lunar rover, orbital station.
6. Develop experimental activities and experimentation.
7. Foster respect and a sense of pride for the achievements of your people, based on specific historical facts.
Equipment: paintings depicting the starry sky, outer space, portraits of K. E. Tsiolkovsky, S. P. Korolev and Yu. A. Gagarin, photographs of rocket launches from the Baikonur cosmodrome, photo albums about space explorers.
Preliminary work: conversations about stars, planets, space and astronauts.
Progress:
Educator: - Many centuries passed before humanity found a way to overcome gravity and rise into outer space. Guys, remember the fairy tales and legends. Whatever they flew on fairy-tale heroes! (On bats and eagles, on flying carpets and beards of wizards, on the Little Humpbacked Horse and magic arrows...).
Just a few centuries ago, it would never have occurred to anyone that the most convenient “transport” for moving was a rocket. Mini-powder rockets have long been used to create fireworks or send signals in military affairs. In Russia, in the middle of the last century, artillery general K.I. Konstantinov gave the rocket its combat function. Its missiles could cover a distance of up to three kilometers.
The first who saw in a rocket a projectile capable of carrying earthlings into interplanetary space was the great Russian scientist K. E. Tsiolkovsky. He said this about this: “The earth is our cradle, but you cannot live forever in a cradle.” The rocket does not need air, which means it can fly in the void, in space, and reach enormous speed there. It took a lot of work to create the first rocket. It was built by Russian scientists, workers, and engineers. It was in our country that the first artificial Earth satellite was launched. Guys, do you know who the first astronaut was? What do you know about this person? When was the first space flight made?
(The adult listens to the children’s answers and asks clarifying questions).
Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin first flew into space on the Vostok-1 spacecraft. His call sign “Cedar” was recognized by all the inhabitants of our planet. Although Gagarin spent only 108 minutes in space, making only one revolution around the Earth, this was only the beginning - the beginning of human exploration of outer space. Half a century has passed since then, but during this time cosmonauts from many countries, both men and women, have been in space. The first human flight into space opened the era of international space stations, the desire to explore the planets closest to Earth - Mars and Venus.
Listen to how the poet Alexander Tvardovsky speaks about the day of the first flight into space in his poems.
Ah, this day is the twelfth of April,
How he swept through people's hearts.
It seemed as if the world had involuntarily become kinder,
I was shocked by my victory.
What kind of universal music he thundered,
That holiday, in the colorful flames of banners
When the unknown son of the land of Smolensk.
Was adopted by the Earth-planet.
Inhabitant of the Earth, this heroic fellow,
In his space vessel
In a circular pattern, forever unprecedented,
In the depths of the sky he waved over her...
Dynamic pause"Cosmonauts"
(Show physical exercise, involving children in their actions).
To become an astronaut, children.
Needed from a very young age
Accustom yourself to order:
Make your bed
Do physical exercises.
Let's stand straight, shoulders wider,
Hands up, stay straight.
From such exercises
You will become stronger and stronger.
Today, space flights have become completely commonplace for us, the inhabitants of the Earth. It is believed that the exploration of other planets is not far off. But the beginning of this was laid by our Russian cosmonaut. American astronaut Neil Armstrong, the first earthling to walk on the Moon, said this about Yuri Gagarin’s flight: “He called us all into space.”
IN: -The guys all sat down beautifully, their backs were straight, their eyes were looking at me.
Our activity today is not quite ordinary. So that you understand what we are going to talk about today, guess keyword our lesson. We will guess it by letter and write it in these boxes.
In the first cell we write the letter that appears in the word: “juice” of the last one.
In the second cell we write down the letter that is in fourth place in the word “salon”.
In the third cell we write down the letter that comes first in the word “sleep”.
In the fourth cell we write down the letter that comes last in the word “suit”.
In the fifth cell we write down the letter that is in third place in the word “mole”.
In the sixth cell we write down the letter that comes first in the word: “fairy tale”.
Our lesson will be related to space.
Earth is the planet on which we live. People, plants and animals live on Earth because there is water and air. It revolves around the Sun and is the most beautiful and interesting of all the planets. The Sun is the closest star to Earth. Without the Sun there would be no life on Earth. Everything that happens on our planet is connected with the Sun: the change of day and night, the onset of winter or summer. During the day, the sun warms and illuminates our planet.
In the evening we can see the moon and stars in the sky. The Moon is the Earth's satellite. People have always wanted to visit the moon, fly to the stars, and see the Earth from space.
Would you guys like to become astronauts?
Who are astronauts?
What do you think an astronaut should be like? (healthy, strong, knowledgeable, hardworking, courageous, resilient, etc.).
What can you see in the sky? (stars)
How many stars are there in the sky? (uncountable number)
And then one day, a man was looking at the starry sky and he wanted to know what kind of stars they were and why they were so bright. Scientists came up with special instruments - telescopes, observed and learned that there are other planets.
But people wanted to know if there was life on other planets. What creatures live there, are they similar to us, is there air on other planets.
What are the inhabitants of other planets called? (aliens)
What do aliens fly on? (flying saucers)
Q: Correct. But to find out, you must fly to them. Airplanes were not suitable for this. Who knows why? (because the planets are very far away).
And so scientists invented the first satellite. There were two dogs on board - a squirrel and an arrow, they successfully returned to Earth. And then in 1961, the first man went into space.
What was this man's name?
The first person who was able to go on a space journey was cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. He made his flight on April 12, 1961 on a Vostok rocket. This was a very important and joyful event for the whole world!
On this day, our country celebrates “Cosmonautics Day”. This is a holiday of astronauts and people who participate in the creation of space rockets.
Physical exercise "Rocket".
One, two - there is a rocket (hands up)
Three, four - plane (arms to the sides)
One, two - clap your hands
And then on every account.
One, two, three, four - and they walked on the spot,
Tick-tock, tick-tock - all day like this (hands on waist, bending to the side)
Let's now play the game "Family of Words"
Let's form words from one family for the word "star".
How can you affectionately call a Star? (star)
If there are many Stars in the sky, then we will say what it is like? (stellar)
What is the name of the ship that flies to the stars? (starship)
What do they call a wizard in fairy tales who predicts the future from the stars? (astrologer)
Well done! Every astronaut must also have ingenuity. I propose to solve space riddles.
There is a special pipe
The Universe is visible in it,
See the stars Kaleidoscope
Astronomers in... (telescope)
Lights the way at night,
Doesn't let the stars sleep.
Let everyone sleep
She can't sleep
There is light in the sky for us... (Moon)
Well done! Now let's check what you remember.
1. What is the name of our planet?
2. What is the sun for?
3. What was the name of the man who first flew into space?
4. What is the name of the day on which Gagarin flew into space?
The lesson is over, and now whoever wants can go and build a rocket from a construction set.
Kristina Lavrentieva
Summary of the lesson-conversation “Cosmonautics Day” (preparatory group)
Goals:
Introduce children to the history of the holiday Cosmonautics Day.
Give initial information about the planets, the Sun, the Moon.
Tasks:
Expand lexicon on this topic « Space» , cultivate curiosity.
Equipment:
Pictures depicting a portrait of Yu. Gagarin, dogs Belka and Strelka, constellations, a globe, a model of solar systems, drawings of constellations.
Progress of the conversation:
Educator. Guys, do you know that our country celebrates April 12? (children's answers). Today we will talk about how people began to master cosmic space and why day April 12 became a holiday. Guys, tell me, who is Yu. A. Gagarin? (answers
children). April 12, 1961 Soviet cosmonaut Yu. A. Gagarin on spaceship"East" started from cosmodrome"Baikonur" and for the first time in the world made an orbital flight around planet Earth. Flight in the near-Earth space space lasted 108 minutes. Guys, we still have heroes who flew in space and returned safely to earth. They flew to space before Yu. A. Gagarin. Who guessed who we were talking about? (children's answers). That's right! This is Belka and Strelka. You guys are great, you know history well Cosmonautics. On August 19, 1960, the second space ship into Earth orbit. The start took place with cosmodrome Baikonur at 15 hours 44 minutes. Weight of the satellite ship without last stage The launch vehicle weighed 4.6 tons. On board space The ship contained Belka and Strelka, as well as mice, insects, plants, fungal cultures, seeds of corn, wheat, peas, onions, some types of microbes and other living creatures. On August 20, 1960, the lander with animals on board landed safely. The flight of Strelka and Belka lasted more than 25 hours. During this time, the satellite ship made 17 complete orbits around the Earth. The successful journey of Belka and Strelka proved the ability of living organisms to tolerate all factors space flight. The dogs, returning to Earth, became real heroes.
Guys, do you know what the solar system is? (children's answers). The solar system consists of planets that revolve around our sun. In addition to planets, the Solar System also consists of moons, comets, asteroids, minor planets, dust and gas. All in solar system revolves around the Sun. The Sun contains about 98% of the mass of all objects in the Solar System. The larger an object, the greater the force of gravity it has. The Sun is so huge that its powerful gravity attracts all other objects in the solar system. Does anyone know how many planets revolve around the sun? (children's advice). 9 planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto.
What is the moon? (children's answers). Moon - natural satellite Earth, it revolves around our planet for at least 4 billion years. This is a stone ball about four times the size smaller than Earth. The moon revolves around the Earth, and the Earth revolves around the Sun. While our planet orbits the Sun. 1 year passes for us, the Earth also rotates around its axis in 24 hours.
Bottom line classes:
Our guys the lesson has come to an end. We repeated what we knew and learned a lot of new things!
