Almost each of us has encountered in our lives such a thing as buying a car. Buying a car is always an exciting moment, since there are a lot of nuances in this process and it is advisable not to miss any of them, so that later the purchase does not turn out to be a disappointment.
The most important thing is, of course, the condition of the car and, first of all, the condition of the body, since the body is the most expensive part of the car, accounting for 60% of its cost.
In the 21st century, during digital technologies, science has not ignored the problem of diagnosing a car body. Currently, there are a large number of instruments on the market for measuring the thickness of paintwork coatings (hereinafter referred to as paintwork coatings), which are also called thickness gauges. We will now consider how to use the device and what nuances there are when measuring paintwork.
Before starting to measure a car's paintwork, you should:
The first thing is to know the factory paintwork value of the car brand you are going to measure. Each brand has its own. This data can be easily found on the Internet. As a rule, the factory thickness of the paintwork on most cars is 80 -130 microns.
Second, you need to calibrate the device. Instructions for calibrating the device are usually included in the kit. Always calibrate the instrument using a calibration plate that is as close as possible to the 80-130 micron range. Since you need the maximum accuracy of the device within these limits.
When these two points are completed, we proceed to measurements. We will not dwell in detail on how exactly to use the thickness gauge and which buttons to press on it. This information is in the instructions and may vary depending on the model. The main thing is that you bring the device itself to the surface to be measured at an angle of 90º. Go ahead…
Let's start taking measurements. Each body element of the car should be measured at least 5-10 points, Special attention attention should be paid to parts (by part we mean one of the body elements - door, fender, hood, trunk lid) that are most likely to be damaged. These are the lower parts of the doors (special attention should be paid to the driver's door) and the sills.
So, we take measurements and get data in numbers. How to decipher these values?
If the body has not been repainted or polished, then the average thickness of the paintwork will not have a spread exceeding 40 microns. For example, when measuring the minimum value, the device showed 80 microns, and the maximum - 120 microns, which means the thickness of the paintwork throughout the car should be within these limits.
If the body was not repainted, but was polished, then the spread may exceed 40 microns and parts that were polished will have a lower paintwork thickness than non-polished parts of the body. 
The body part was repainted. In this case, the thickness gauge readings when measuring this part will be higher than average than for the entire car. If a minor damage has been repaired, such as a scratch, then applying a new coat of paint will give approximately + 100 microns. If the damage was more significant, with putty, then the values will be much higher: 300 microns, 500 microns, 3000 microns, and whatever.
You can also identify a painted part by a wide range of readings. What does it mean? If the range of factory paintwork values does not exceed 40 microns, then the repainted part will go beyond this range. This is explained by the fact that the painter cannot apply the paint as evenly as the robot did at the factory.
That's all you need to know before you start measuring paintwork with a thickness gauge. Not everything is as complicated as it seemed at first glance, and everyone can identify all the damage to the body!
The home craftsman has to constantly deal with measuring length, width and height. An angle of 90° or 45° is also often necessary to maintain. Otherwise, it is impossible to carry out high-quality apartment repairs or make homemade products. Accuracy when performing linear measurements of 1 mm is sufficient in the vast majority of cases, and a tape measure or a simple ruler is suitable for them.
Often, tape measures have an additional bubble level, which allows you to place furniture, a refrigerator and other items horizontally. But the accuracy of this level is not high due to the small length of the tape measure’s supporting plane. In addition, the cone with an air bubble in tape measures is often not installed accurately, which does not ensure horizontalness and the work performed.
A wide range of laser measuring instruments are available for sale for measuring linear dimensions, but, unfortunately, due to high price they are inaccessible to non-professionals.
Instructions
on the use of calipers (Columbus)
Calipers is a linear measuring tool used to measure the external and internal dimensions of parts, including depth, with an accuracy of 0.1 mm.
The design and principle of operation of a vernier caliper
The classic caliper is designed as follows. A movable frame is installed on the measuring rod using grooves. In order for the frame to fit tightly, a flat spring is installed inside and a screw is provided to firmly fix it. Fixation is necessary when carrying out marking work.
The bar is marked with a metric scale in 1 mm increments and numbers indicate centimeter divisions. The frame has an additional scale with 10 divisions, but with a pitch of 1.9 mm. The scale on the frame is called vernier in honor of its inventor, the Portuguese mathematician P. Nunes. The rod and frame have measuring jaws for external and internal measurements. A depth gauge ruler is additionally attached to the frame.
Measurements are taken using a clamp between the jaws of the part. After clamping, the frame is fixed with a screw so that it does not move. The number of millimeters is counted on the scale on the rod to the first vernier mark. Tenths of millimeters are counted from the vernier. Which stroke from left to right on the vernier coincides with any of the scale marks on the rod will be tenths of a millimeter.
As can be seen in the photo, the measured size is 3.5 mm, since from the zero mark of the scale on the rod to the first mark of the vernier there were 3 full divisions (3 mm) and on the vernier the fifth mark of the vernier mark coincided with the scale mark of the rod (one division on the vernier corresponds to 0.1 mm measurements).
Examples of caliper measurements
To measure the thickness or diameter of a part, you need to spread the jaws of the caliper, insert the part into them and bring the jaws together until they touch the surface of the part. It is necessary to ensure that the planes of the jaws when closing are parallel to the plane of the part being measured. The outer diameter of the pipe is measured in the same way as the size of a flat piece, only the jaws need to touch diametrically opposite sides of the pipe.
In order to measure inner size in the part or the internal diameter of the pipe, the caliper has additional jaws for internal measurements. They are inserted into the hole and pushed apart until they touch the walls of the part. When measuring the internal diameters of holes, the maximum reading is achieved, and when measuring parallel sides in a hole, the minimum reading is achieved.
In some types of calipers, the jaws do not close to zero and have their own thickness, which is usually stamped on them, for example, the number “10”, although the first mark of the vernier is at the zero mark. When measuring internal holes with such a caliper, 10 mm is added to the readings on the vernier scale.
Using a Columbus-type caliper with a movable depth gauge ruler, you can measure the depth of holes in parts.
To do this, you need to completely extend the depth gauge ruler from the rod and insert it all the way into the hole. Bring the end of the caliper rod all the way into the surface of the part, while not allowing the depth gauge ruler to come out of the hole.
In the photograph, for clarity, I demonstrated how to measure the depth of the hole by placing the ruler of a caliper depth gauge on the outside of the pipe section.
Examples of marking parts with calipers
The caliper is not intended for drawing marking lines on materials and parts. But if the jaws of a caliper for external measurements are sharpened on a fine-grained emery wheel, giving them acute form, as shown in the photo, marking with a caliper will be quite convenient.
You need to remove excess metal from the jaws very carefully and slowly, avoiding discoloration of the metal of the jaws from strong heating, otherwise you can ruin them. To speed up the work, to cool the sponges, you can periodically dip them for a short time in a container of cold water.
In order to measure a strip of sheet material with parallel sides, you need to move the jaws of the caliper, focusing on the scale to a given size, move one jaw along the end of the sheet, and scratch a line with the other. Since the caliper jaws are hardened, they do not wear out. You can mark both soft and hard materials (copper, brass, steel). Clearly visible risks remain.
Using sharply sharpened caliper jaws, you can easily mark a circle line. To do this, a shallow hole with a diameter of about 1 mm is made in the center, one of the jaws rests against it, and a circle line is drawn with the other.
Thanks to the refinement of the shape of the caliper jaws for external measurements, it became possible to accurately, conveniently and quickly mark parts for their subsequent machining.
How to measure with a micrometer in practice
You can obtain the size of products with an accuracy of 0.01 mm by taking measurements with a micrometer. There are many modifications, but the most common is a smooth micrometer of the MK-25 type, which provides a measurement range from 0 to 25 mm with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. It is convenient to use a micrometer to measure the diameter of the drill, the thickness of the sheet material, and the diameter of the wire.
The micrometer is a bracket, on one side of which there is a support heel, and on the other there is a stem and a high-precision thread into which a microscrew is screwed. The stem has a metric scale on which millimeters are counted. The microscrew has a second scale with 50 divisions, on which hundredths of mm are measured. The sum of these two quantities is the measured size.
In order to take a measurement with a micrometer, the part is placed between the heel and the end of the micrometer screw and rotated clockwise by the ratchet handle (located at the end of the micrometer screw drum) until the ratchet makes three clicks.
There are two scales on the stem with a step of 1 mm - the main one, digitized every 5 mm, and an additional one, shifted relative to the main one by 0.5 mm. The presence of two scales allows you to increase the accuracy of measurements.
The readings are taken as follows. First, they read how many whole millimeters, not covered by the drum, were obtained according to the digitized lower scale on the stem. Next, check on the upper scale for the presence of risks located to the right of the lower scale. If the risks are not visible, then proceed to taking readings from the scale on the drum. If the mark is visible, then another 0.5 mm is added to the whole number of millimeters obtained. The readings on the drum are measured relative to a straight line drawn along the stem between the scales.
For example, the size of the measured part is: 13 mm on the lower scale, there is an open mark on the upper scale, there is no mark to the right of the open mark on the lower scale, which means there is no need to add 0.5 mm, plus 0.23 mm on the drum scale, as a result of addition we get: 13 mm+0 mm+0.23 mm=13.23 mm.
A micrometer with a digital readout of measurement results is more convenient to use and allows measurements with an accuracy of up to 0.001 mm.
If, for example, the battery runs out, then with a digital micrometer you can take measurements in exactly the same way as with a smooth MK-25, since there is also a division reading system with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. The price of micrometers with digital readout of measurement results is high and unaffordable for a home craftsman.
How to measure a large diameter pipe
The caliper jaws, with a measuring range from 0 to 125 mm, are 40 mm long and therefore allow you to measure pipes with an outer diameter of up to 80 mm. If you need to measure a pipe of larger diameter or if you don’t have a caliper at hand, you can use the folk way. Wrap the pipe around the circumference with one turn of non-stretch thread or wire, measure the length of this turn using a simple ruler, and then divide the result by the number Π = 3.14. The photo shows a plastic ruler in the form of a triangle with angles of 45º and 90º, with built-in protractor. Using it, you can mark and check the accuracy of the resulting angle.
When marking metal parts, a metalworker's square is used, which provides higher measurement accuracy.
How to use a miter box
To obtain a right or 45º angle without marking, it is convenient to use a device called a miter box. Using a miter box, it is convenient to cut trims for doors, moldings, baseboards and much more to size at an angle. The cut is obtained with the required angle automatically.
It is enough to measure the length, place a strip of material between the vertical walls of the miter box and, holding it with your hand, make a cut. To obtain a high-quality end of the board, use a saw with fine teeth. A hacksaw works well for metal. It is possible to saw even varnished boards without chipping the varnish.
An angle of 45 0 when sawing using a miter box is obtained as easily as a straight one. Thanks to the high guide walls of the miter box, you can saw boards of different thicknesses.
You can buy a miter box ready-made, but it is not difficult to make it yourself from available material. It is enough to take three boards of wood or plywood of a suitable size, and screw the other two to the side ends of one of them with self-tapping screws. Make guide cuts at the required angles and the miter box device is ready.
Ultrasonic thickness gauges are considered the most popular type of such devices due to their availability and ease of use. Moreover, there are many modifications of it, which means that both professionals and ordinary people will find a model for themselves. Let's look at the features of this device together with you.
Ultrasonic thickness gauge - measuring principle
The very name of the device already hints that the main working tool is sound wave Ultrasound frequencies. The measurement process occurs quite quickly, and it can be described as follows. There is a sensor on the body of the device that is sensitive to ultrasound; it is built into the probe, which is attached to the surface under study. Select the place where you want to measure, for example, paintwork, press the probe to the selected point, give a command to the device by pressing a button.
The probe emits an ultrasonic wave, it passes through the coating, reaches the surface below it, and reflects the pulse back. Typically, this material is metal; very often this is the main condition for the substrate for successful measurements. The reflected wave hits the probe sensor, a kind of echo, and is transformed into an electrical impulse. Then the electronics digitize it and analyze it, using formulas to calculate the path, i.e. the thickness of the coating that the ultrasound managed to pass through.
This principle works not only for coatings with a metal backing, but also for measuring the thickness of the metal itself. The pulse is simply analyzed until it stops being reflected, which means that it has passed right through the metal, and hence the result is given. In general, such thickness gauges measure almost all materials popular in everyday life and industry: ceramics, plastic, glass, etc. The resolution of the method does not allow only the measurement of paper, wood, foam or, because the samples are either too thin or too wide.
The approximate measurement range starts from 0.08 mm and reaches a thickness of 635 mm; the accuracy of the best devices is around 0.001 mm. All devices of this class rarely make an error that exceeds 3%, even the most budget ones.
Specifics of ultrasonic thickness gauge
Its first and most striking advantage is the non-destructive method of taking readings. Today it is extremely rare, except under special laboratory conditions, that we have the opportunity to dissect a sample for research. We cannot cut, erase or scratch the coating in depth and then measure the thickness of the damage. This is why the ultrasound device has become so popular in many areas. But he is not the only one who does not destroy the coating when measuring; what else did he attract users with?
Indeed, this is far from its only charm, and only thanks to other advantages has it become, perhaps not always the best, but the optimal device for both the budget class (especially popular in this consumer range) and many professional fields. For example, another significant argument in its favor is the ability to measure the thickness of a coating or metal where only one side of the sample is accessible, that is, it cannot be clamped between measuring bolts. Let's say we need to measure the thickness of a pipe, naturally, we cannot apply measuring rods from the outside, and then from the inside, and take the measurement. It is with the help of an ultrasonic thickness gauge that the problem is solved, since only the outer side is enough for us.
Moving on, if you have already looked at at least one catalog of measuring instruments for coating thickness, you will appreciate the compactness of ultrasonic thickness gauges. The simplest ones, for household needs, generally look like calculators and easily fit in your pocket. You will rarely find such miniature design in a line of devices with a different operating principle. In addition, you already guessed that measurements are taken quickly, and rough physical strength there is no need at all, which means that even a girl who has never specialized in this field of research can measure it. The absence of physical costs and time savings are added to the list of advantages.
Yes, the simplest thickness gauges do not require any handling skills, but what about professionals, they are unlikely to have enough of the minimum programmed functions. In this case, you need to buy a more “smart” device that has programming functions for various modes and settings. And the choice of such devices is really large, which is why the versatility of the ultrasound approach in measurement is another advantage. And, despite the intricacies of setting up a professional device, it will be possible to take measurements just the same - literally in a second.
And the last pleasant circumstance is the ability to synchronize with more organized devices for processing data arrays; you can also often find a good amount of memory and minimal statistics collection capabilities in the thickness gauge itself. But outputting and collecting results on a computer, for example, to quickly process statistical data, is a significant plus. And although ultrasound devices are not the only ones with this ability, if they did not have it, their popularity would decrease.
Ultrasonic metal thickness gauge – features of the model range
When choosing an ultrasonic metal thickness gauge, you can get a little confused, so we will try to trace the evolution of the complexity of devices on the line of metal meters. Perhaps this will simplify your reasoning when purchasing and help you find the optimal ratio of the required set of functions and price. Let's start with the simplest representative, the series A1207. This “baby” is the most affordable, has a minimal set of functions, and is very portable. It measures wall thickness with fairly reasonable requirements for their quality; it is usually assessed by roughness and radius of curvature.
Its fellow series A1208-1210 get a slightly wider range of functions, this often lies in the variety of materials measured. And the models are even more high quality type A1270 They become smarter, purchase special analyzers from the manufacturer to help, and also place even lower quality requirements on the surface; they can even tolerate the presence of a gap or unnecessary coating for measurement. This means that you do not need to completely clean and free the surface. Thickness gauges Bulat 1S And Microgage have additional functions not only in measurement, but also in the design of the case or extended configuration, for example, the first option has several sensors, and the second model has a protected case, which is important for electronics if you have to work in a not very dry room.
There are devices not only of high accuracy, but also with an A-scan function, which allows you to build a surface study graph, for example, episode 35. This way you can find out the residual strength of a metal subject to corrosion. Even more complex devices have their own “brains”, capable of collecting statistics and processing them, storing results, and are distinguished by high accuracy and breadth of the materials studied, for example, 37DL PLUS, but their cost is quite steep.
It is not surprising that all men want to know the length and thickness of their penis. In addition, when enlarging the penis with an extender and other devices, it is necessary to periodically take measurements to make sure that there is positive result. How to measure penis size correctly? What to do if the measurement results are disappointing?
Magnitude reproductive organ– an exciting topic for all men. Every member of the stronger sex has measured their penis at least once in their life.
Most common reason taking measurements is simple curiosity. Every man is interested in knowing whether the size of his penis meets the standards.
From a medical point of view, knowing the size of the reproductive organ is important. The fact is that with certain pathologies accompanied by changes in the content of sex hormones in the body, men experience a decrease in the penis. Typically, micropenis is observed in men who have either an increased level of estrogen in their body or a decreased concentration of testosterone.
To obtain reliable indicators, it is necessary to measure the length and thickness of the penis correctly and carefully. An incorrect measurement can not only upset, but also frighten a man, falsely signaling a hormonal imbalance.
You should also know your penis size in order to choose the right condoms. Various manufacturers They produce contraceptives from two to four sizes. A man should choose condoms that best suit the size of his penis. An incorrectly selected contraceptive may break or slip off the penis during intimate intercourse.
A common mistake when assessing the size of the penis
Some men incorrectly perceive the size of their reproductive organ because they make a mistake in visual assessment.
Usually representatives of the stronger sex look at their penis in the usual way - from top to bottom.
And this is wrong, because this method of review creates the false impression that the penis is too small.
The fact is that it appears smaller when viewed from above due to the fat layer in the pubic area.
To see how big the genital organ actually is, you need to stand sideways in front of the mirror. From this angle, a man can see that the penis is much longer than when viewed from top to bottom. It is from this angle that a man’s sexual partner perceives the size of his penis.
Preparing for measurement
Before measuring your penis, you need to create comfortable conditions around yourself. The size of the penis can change under the influence of the following factors:
- air temperature;
- time of day;
- mental states;
- physical and emotional fatigue;
- level of arousal;
- time period after the last intimate act.
To obtain correct results, it is necessary to take measurements in a calm and relaxed state of mind. The procedure should be carried out in a warm and comfortable room. To obtain a reliable result, it is recommended to take measurements several days in a row at different hours, and then calculate the average value.
Measuring the length of the penis
Men tend to exaggerate or understate the size of their penis, so you shouldn't trust your eyes. It may seem to a man that it is his, but the ruler will give completely different information. How to measure penis size to get the correct data?
It is recommended to apply the ruler not to the top, but to the side of the penis, this makes the measurement more accurate.
When measured from the side, pubic subcutaneous fat does not interfere. But how can measurements be taken for men whose genitals are curved?
In this situation, length is the shortest distance from the head to the base of the penis.
Length measurement is carried out only when the penis is in an erect state. Medical specialists they say that taking measurements when the penis is relaxed is pointless. The fact is that an erection can significantly transform the sexual organ.
In some men, during an erection, the small penis stretches surprisingly far. A large penis in a state of excitement can, on the contrary, remain unchanged. It turns out that an erect small penis can be longer than a non-erect large penis.
Measuring the thickness of the penis
The thickness of the penis is the circumference of its shaft. To take measurements you need to take a string and a ruler.
The shaft of the penis in the central part or closer to the base is wrapped with a cord.
Marks are made on the lace with a marker in the places where the circle begins and ends.
The distance between these marks is measured using a ruler. The resulting number is the thickness of the penis.
But how can measurements be taken correctly for men whose penis has unequal thickness in different parts of the shaft?
It happens that the penis is thicker at the base and thinner near the head, or vice versa. In this situation, it is necessary to take several measurements in different sections of the trunk.
Measurements are taken at the base and near the head of the penis. Then the average thickness value is calculated: the resulting numbers are added and divided by two.
Diameter measurement
easy to calculate. Diameter refers to the distance between the two points on a circle that are furthest apart from each other.
The parameter is calculated using a simple formula, known since school: the circumference is divided by pi, that is, by 3.14.
For example, if the circumference of the penis is 12 cm, then the diameter is almost 4 cm.
But you need to take into account that the male organ in cross section is an imperfect circle, so the diameter value is not exact, but approximate.
Normal penis sizes
After the measurements, the man just needs to find out what the normal penis size is in order to compare it with the size of his dignity.
- An erect penis shorter than 10 cm is considered small. In Caucasian men, the normal genital organ is 10–16 cm in length.
- A penis longer than 16 cm is considered large. The average thickness of the penis among Europeans is 11–14 cm.
It must be taken into account that the size of the genital organ depends on the age of the man. In older men, blood circulation in the genital area deteriorates, so the cavernous bodies shrink, the penis becomes thinner and shortened.
The member does not meet the standard - what to do?
After taking measurements, many men worry that their penis is not as big as they would like.
But no one worries that, although during sex, women experience discomfort and even pain from penetration of a large penis into the vagina.
In reality, men should not be upset about the length of their penis. For most women, the length of the partner's penis is completely unimportant, since it does not affect the intensity of sexual pleasure.
But the thickness of the penis is important for women. The thicker the penis, the more actively it rubs against the walls of the vagina, the more pleasure the partner receives.
But if a man is convinced that his quality sex life is low due to insufficient size of the penis, then he can take advantage of effective and safe methods of enlarging the reproductive organ. Fortunately, many such methods are offered today.
A man can try enlargement ointments and gels, massage devices - and vacuum, stretching exercises. If the penis is so small that it is difficult to enlarge it using the above methods, then the only option left is surgical intervention. However, surgery to enlarge the penis is quite dangerous and unpredictable; it is prescribed only as a last resort according to medical indications.
It is important not only to choose the design and color of the structure, but also to correctly determine the size of the canvas for each room. To do this, you must first take accurate measurements of the doorways, and then, based on this information, calculate the dimensions of each door block.
Standard and non-standard doorways
In typical multi-storey buildings doorways usually have a standardized width depending on the room:
- bathrooms and toilets - 63...76 cm;
- kitchen – 77...87 cm;
- living rooms - 88...110 cm;
- opening for front door to the apartment - 90...110 cm.
The height of the opening in kitchens and rooms varies from 204 cm to 210 cm, and in bathrooms and toilets there are often passages with a height of 194-203 cm, which requires installing lower panels or changing the dimensions of the installation site.
Passages of non-standard width and height are usually found in old buildings and private cottages. Also, often as a result of redevelopment, even in standard apartments, wider or higher passages are installed instead of standard openings.
You can take measurements of doorways by inviting a professional measurer. But if you decide to take measurements yourself, then you must first learn the rules for performing this operation - how to correctly measure the width of the opening, how to correctly measure the height of the opening and how to measure the thickness of the wall.
How to correctly measure the width of the opening?
The width of the doorway is measured at three points - top, middle and bottom. From the obtained values, select the minimum result, which will be the width of the specific doorway.
In typical apartments, the following standards for the width of door structures are usually adhered to, setting:
- for the kitchen - 70 cm canvas;
- in the bathroom and toilet - products 60 or 55 cm;
- for rooms – 80 cm models;
- as a second entrance door - 90 cm options.
Most large manufacturers produce door leaves adapted to the dimensions of typical passages. The width of the canvases is usually 600 mm, 700 mm, 800 mm, 900 mm. Some brands You can also find models with a width of 550 mm and 400 mm, but their choice is small. This variety makes it easy to choose a canvas for a typical room.
If you have old doors installed and you are satisfied with their width, then you can simply measure the parameters - even if they correspond to the dimensions of the new door leaf.
How to correctly measure the height of the opening?
The dimensions of the opening in height must also be measured at three points - along the side slopes and in the middle. From the obtained values, choose the smallest one; doors must be selected for this parameter.
The standard height of door panels is 2 meters; they fit into an installation space with a height of 204 to 210 cm. With a higher passage height, the width of the standard platband may not be enough to mask the junction of the door frame and the wall. In this case, wider trims are used to decorate the door structure or a portal with a capital is installed.
In the lineup of some brands you can find models with a height of 1.9 meters. They are installed in bathrooms and toilets. Such canvases are suitable for passages with a height of 203 cm or less.
IMPORTANT!
Even if you are sure that the renovation in your home has been done perfectly, you should still measure the doorway at three points in height and width. Otherwise, you risk the fact that the finished door block will be wider or higher than the installation site, and you will have to incur unplanned expenses.
How to measure wall thickness?
To determine the thickness of the wall, measurements are taken at three points and the largest of these values is selected. The standard thickness of the door passage wall is from 6 to 8 cm, which is what most manufacturers of interior doors focus on.
If the wall thickness is greater than the width of the box beams, it is necessary to install door panels. These are strips of various widths that are used to create door slopes. They have the same texture and color as the entire door structure.
Door trims not only give the opening an aesthetic appearance, but also protect the slopes from scratches and abrasion. Therefore, you should not save on their installation.
When to take measurements?
Accurate measurements of the dimensions of the doorway are carried out after finishing the walls and laying the decorative flooring. Otherwise, there is a risk that the selected doors cannot be installed due to the fact that the opening is smaller than the dimensions of the door block.
But it is necessary to pre-measure the doorway even before performing the rough finishing. This will allow you to select the size of the opening in accordance with the line of standard canvases. And then you won’t have to overpay for interior doors standard sizes.
Reducing the size of the passage is not difficult; brick, plasterboard or wood are usually used for this. Expanding the installation location can affect the strength of the wall; this operation must be carried out with caution, strictly observing established building codes.
What are the dangers of errors in measurements?
Professional measurements are a guarantee that the doors you have chosen can be installed quickly, without problems and additional financial costs. After all, it is not always possible to increase the size of the installation space, especially when it comes to a load-bearing wall. And if the walls have already been finished, then to narrow the passage you will have to spend a lot of effort and additional money.
If you are not sure of your measurements or do not want to take risks, then it is best to purchase doors with turnkey installation. In this case, the selling company is responsible for the correctness of the measurements, so you can be sure that each doorway will correspond to the dimensions of the door leaf, and if there are errors, all replacements will be made at the expense of the installer. You can order a turnkey installation service in the online store of the Porta Prima factory or in sales showrooms.
Swing door sizes
The dimensions of a swing-type door are determined taking into account the height and width of the door leaf, the thickness of the door frame, and the presence or absence of a threshold.
The passage parameters for installing a swing door block are calculated according to the following rules:
- opening width = leaf width + box thickness x 2 + installation gap 2 cm x 2 + process gap 3-5 mm;
- opening height when installing doors without a threshold = leaf height + frame thickness + installation gap 2 cm x 2 + technological gap 3-5 mm;
- passage height when installed with a threshold = leaf height + box thickness x 2 + installation gap 2 cm x 2 + process gap 3-5 mm.
Using these simple formulas, you can easily calculate the dimensions of an interior door for each room of an apartment, house or office.
Don't forget about extras. Additional strips are available in different widths; they can be joined together and cut lengthwise, which allows you to choose a decorative design for a wall of any thickness. With their help, you can also mask the vertical deviation of the slope; for this, the plank is cut in the form of a wedge.
Sliding door sizes
Sliding doors today are increasingly replacing traditional swing doors.
The dimensions of sliding systems depend on the type of mechanism used:
- the doors move parallel to the wall;
- the canvas fits inside the wall into a cassette;
- the panels overlap one another when opened.
For example, for sliding door structures, the leaf should be 5-7 cm wider than the opening. This is due to the fact that such doors, in fact, serve as a screen and should block the passage from the side. Therefore, the doors can be significantly wider, but not narrower than the width of the passage.
If a sliding pencil door is installed, its width is selected so that the panel protrudes slightly from the wall. This allows you to conveniently close the doors.
For wide openings, designs of two or more sashes are used, which are selected from canvases of standard width. In this way, you can block passages of almost any size.
Non-standard doorways - solution options
If your apartment or house has non-standard opening sizes, then the best solution would be to narrow or widen the passages to standard dimensions. This will allow you to install standard interior doors instead of ordering non-standard sizes.
The advantages of installing door blocks of standard sizes include:
- fast installation time - canvases are available in stock;
- much lower price than models of non-standard sizes;
- a wide range of design and color solutions.
If the selected canvas does not fit the height of the doorway, you can trim it. It is not advisable to do this on your own, since it is necessary to use professional tool. It is best to contact a company that provides such services.
In some cases, it is not possible to change the size of the passage for technical or financial reasons. Then you have to order the production of non-standard doors. They cost 30-40% more than serial products, and their production usually takes several weeks.
