Serious medicine is replete with facts that are unique in their kind. This integral part of human life is filled with interesting, important events some of which are paradoxical, others are funny, others became the impetus for many discoveries and the development of this science. 
Most of the operations listed below could not be performed at the patients’ place of residence, and a timely procedure is the guarantee of a person’s life. Therefore, our lives simply need organizations for the transportation of patients, medical air transportation and medical escort on an airplane, and one of the brightest representatives of this niche is Aviamedicina.ru, on whose website you can learn more about the price list and conditions of air transportation. And now about some medical facts in more detail.
The first child to receive a large number of organ transplants was a resident of Coburg. At this time she was almost six months old. The liver, intestines, stomach, and pancreas were transplanted due to a rare disease - megacysto syndrome. This is a microcolon with a malfunction in intestinal motility.
There is a disease that only affects the cannibals of the For tribe in New Guinea called Kuru. They get sick from eating human brain. The penalty for such “pleasure” is death. 
The birth of a child after the death of the mother. This happened as a result clinical death mothers in the US state. On July 5, 1983, the world saw the light of a girl who grew up in her mother’s womb with the help of artificial life support for almost 3 months.
The longest pregnancy – 25 years – was recorded in a woman aged 54 years. In 1961, she underwent surgery, delivering a child weighing 1 kg 300 g in an ossified state. The contractions began back in 1936.
From the category of the most difficult among people, science has identified the following:
- Leather. In adults, its weight reaches 2 kg 700 g. She is and largest organ discharge.
- Liver. The weight of the largest such organ was recorded at one and a half kilograms (the average weight of the heart is 0.325 kg).
The highest temperature was Willie Jones from Atlanta. In 1980, his temperature rose to 46.7 0C, turning into a heart attack. After 24 days he was discharged from the hospital. The condition after such an incident was marked as “3”.
The lowest temperature of minus 16 0C was observed in 1951 in Dorothy Stevens Chicago, Vicki Davis. When she was 2 years and 1 month old in Iowa, Michael Trokl at 2 years old from Wisconsin. The reason for this in all cases was hypothermia.
The maximum temperature tolerated by a person without clothes is plus 204.4 0C. In clothing, the figure was plus 240. Note that the meat is cooked at a temperature of 168 0C.
The largest number of stones in gallbladder(831 pieces) were obtained by doctors in 2002 in Romania, becoming a record event for this part of medicine.
Lungs painful sensations in the stomach ended with the removal of 2533 objects from the woman’s stomach. Among them, almost 1000 are pins. What caused it? The patient suffered from the habit of swallowing objects, and by the age of 42 she had managed to “accumulate” such a treasure within herself.
K. Kilner from Zimbabwe had to eat the most pills - almost 600 thousand in just 21 years of life.
Samuel Daivdson from the UK received almost 79 thousand insulin injections during his life. This is the largest number of procedures of this type recorded to date.
The longest operation to remove a cyst took the patient 96 hours. Its weight was 280 kg, but became 140 kg.
A fisherman in Norway suffered a record cardiac arrest for 4 hours. Having fallen into the water in winter, his body temperature dropped to 24 0C. He was saved by connecting him to a heart-lung machine.
The greatest overload occurred with racer David Perley in the summer of 1977. As a result of the accident, the car, racing at a speed of 173 km/h at a distance of 66 centimeters, stopped. The result of this: 29 fractures, three dislocations, six times cardiac arrest.
Every day events happen on the basis of which history is written. We can only hope that they will be only positive.
Around the world, doctors operate on millions of people every year. Data from the World Health Organization show that 226.4 million operations were recorded in 2004, and in 2012 their number reached 312.9 million. Preserving the life and health of a patient is not always an easy task. We present to your attention five of the most unusual and complex operations that will show high level development of medicine.
Rotationoplasty: converting an ankle into a knee
Most of these operations are performed on children in order to preserve the child’s ability to lead an active lifestyle. The surgical operation is aimed at complete removal malignant tumor. Osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma are diseases that cannot be cured, so doctors are forced to remove the lower part femur, knee and top part tibia. Remaining Bottom part The legs first rotate 180° and then attach to the thigh. - one of those who underwent a similar operation. At the age of 9, doctors diagnosed her with osteosarcoma of the knee. The tumor was treated with chemotherapy for a year, but there was no change. Then the parents decided to undergo surgery. Fortunately, now the girl can not only walk, but also dance.
Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthetics: restoration of vision with the help of a tooth
Italian professor Benedetto Strampelli performed a similar operation back in the early 1960s. This procedure is used only if it is impossible to otherwise cure the damaged cornea of the eye. The essence of the operation is that the patient’s premolar tooth or fang is removed along with the surrounding bone. Next, a plastic lens is mounted on the tooth and it is implanted into the patient’s cheek for fouling. blood vessels for several months. Once completed, the resulting structure is inserted into the eye, thereby restoring vision to the patient.
Hemispherectomy: removal of one hemisphere of the brain
This operation is a radical solution. There must be a compelling reason to remove part of the brain, such as epilepsy. severe form, Sturge-Weber syndrome. The most successful completion of the procedure was observed in children, because their brain is still developing and can master the missing functions. The problem with such operations is that the patient may subsequently develop paralysis or loss of sensation in the limbs. Despite this, all the disadvantages and risks overlap potential benefit from the operation.
The 17-year-old was able to do it without special problems undergo such an operation. Every day the girl suffered from epileptic attacks, which had to be constantly monitored. Surgical intervention although it caused a number side effects, but now the girl can live fully again.
Heterotopic heart transplant: 2 hearts are better than 1
Heart transplants save the lives of more than two thousand Americans every year. Unfortunately, the body may reject the donor's heart or someone else's heart may not be able to fully cope with all its functions. In this case, heterotopic heart transplantation can come to the rescue. The operation involves implantation of a second heart with right side. Surgeons unite both organs to allow blood to flow from the damaged heart to the healthy one. After which the donor’s heart causes blood to circulate throughout the body without obstacles.
Rare surgery conducted in 2011 by doctors from the University of California at San Diego. Patient Tyson Smith suffered from high pulmonary hypertension, which made heart replacement impossible. And the joint work of two hearts made it possible for Tyson to continue living.
Head transplant: a possible cure for paralysis
For the first time, news about such an unusual operation flashed in 2013. Then a neurosurgeon from Italy, Dr. Sergio Canavero, announced that he was going to perform the world's first human head transplant. The operation is called HEAVEN-GEMINI, and is scheduled for completion in 2017.
The essence of the procedure is to cut off the donor's head with an “ultra-sharp blade” without damaging the spinal cord. Each head is placed temporarily in a state of deep hypothermia to avoid damage nervous system. Next, the head is attached to the body by “merging” spinal cord. Successful completion of the operation should help in the treatment of paralysis caused by diseases of the nervous or muscular system. A head transplant will take more than 36 hours continuous operation 150 surgeons and nurses. And the cost of such an operation will be 11 million dollars. The complete fusion of the patient's body and the donor's head will take place in a coma for a month to avoid possible damage to the nerve connections during fusion.
Volunteers have already been found to carry out the operation, one of whom was Russian Valery Spiridonov. The man was diagnosed with Werdnig-Hoffman disease with complete paralysis from the neck down. The world's first head transplant operation was immediately met with many critical statements, but Dr. Sergio Canavero is confident in his success.
These facts are from the category, and they, as we know, are most capable of shocking, so the selection will be impressive, let's get started:
- Let's start with a person who happened to survive the greatest overload and after that remained alive. It's about racer David Purley, who in 1977 had an accident on a race track and his body experienced a deceleration from 173 km/h to zero in a period of 66 centimeters. As a result, he received 3 dislocations and 29 fractures, and his heart stopped 6 times!
- Since we are on the topic of cardiac arrest, we cannot help but recall the Norwegian Jan Revsdal, who was able to survive world's longest cardiac arrest. He made his living by fishing, and one day in December he accidentally fell overboard, as a result of which his body temperature dropped to 24 degrees Celsius, while his heart stopped for an astonishing period of 4 hours, and what is even more incredible is that he was able to survive after this, being connected to a heart-lung machine after being taken to the hospital.
- Longest operation lasted 96 hours, during which the patient’s weight decreased by 140 kilograms. (An ovarian cyst was removed).
- But the American Charles Jensen had to go under a scalpel the most times; over the course of 45 years of his life, he underwent 970 operations. (New growths were removed).
- Surgeries are unpleasant, but injections can also cause inconvenience, especially if their number exceeds 78,900! That’s exactly how many insulin injections the Great Briton Samuel Davidson had to take.
- But tablets are a more humane alternative to injections, but still few people will like to repeat the feat of K. Kilner, who absorbed more than half a million tablets during 21 years of treatment.
- Let's return to the operations, namely the one during which the heaviest foreign object was removed from the human stomach. We are talking about a 2.35 kilogram hairball that was removed from a person suffering rare disease which makes you eat your hair.
- But as for the number, there is no equal to the 42-year-old woman who turned to doctors with “mild abdominal pain.” As a result, 2533 were taken from her foreign bodies, moreover, among them there were 947 safety pins! (The woman suffered from compulsive swallowing of objects).
- We are approaching the end, I would like to ask you: “ Which one do you think was documented without fatal outcome? » The answer is 14 degrees Celsius! This happened on February 23, 1994 to two-year-old Carly Kazolofsky, who was unable to enter the house through an accidentally locked door, and spent 6 hours in freezing temperatures of -22 °C.
- Well, now it would be logical to remember about the high temperature body that a person managed to survive. It was in 1980, then Willie Johnson was taken to the hospital; his body temperature at that time was 46.6 °C. But after 24 days, the patient was safely discharged.
So, now, when you measure your body temperature if you have a cold, don’t be too scared by 37.7°C, but remember Willie Johnson and realize that everything is not so scary.
All the facts below can be called medical records, except in quotation marks. Anyway…
1. Highest body temperature
In 1980, a kind of record for the highest body temperature was set in Atlanta - 46.5C. Thank God, the patient survived after spending more than 3 weeks in the hospital. Just... Just now I specifically looked at the thermometer, there Maximum temperature– 42C. I wonder what they measured it with? And even at 43C a person can no longer live. All you have to do is take my word for it.
2. Lowest body temperature
But the lowest body temperature was recorded in a little girl in 1994 in Canada. Carly stayed in the cold - 22C for about 6 hours. After such a random “walk”, her temperature was 14.2C. However, at 24C, irreversible changes already occur in the body. Well, yes, anything can happen.
3. Swallowing mania
What kind of mental disorders are not found in people! For example, one 42-year-old lady suffered obsessive state, in which she swallowed everything that came to hand. 2,533 objects were removed from her stomach, including 947 pins. At the same time, the patient felt practically nothing, except for slight discomfort in the abdomen.
4. Chewing mania
There is one more “interesting” thing mental disorder, in which patients like to chew their hair. When chewing, some part of the hair inevitably ends up in the stomach. Here is such a ball of hair, weighing only 2.35 kg. was extracted from the stomach of one patient.
5. Tablet mania
When you are sick, you have to take medicine, whether you want it or not. And there are people who like to take pills with or without reason. Something stabbed somewhere, that’s it, just a pill! Here is one citizen from Zimbabwe who took 565,939 tablets over the course of 21 years. I wonder who counted them?!
6. Insulin mania
And the Great Briton S. Davidson made 78,900 insulin injections in his entire life.
7. Commitment to operations
American C. Jensen was even less fortunate. Over the course of 40 years, he received 970 surgical interventions for tumor removal.\
8. Longest operation
The longest operation in the history of surgery was the removal of an ovarian cyst. Its duration was 96 hours! The cyst itself weighed 140 kg, and the patient weighed 280 kg before surgery.
9. Biggest cardiac arrest
In medicine, it is believed that after a five-minute cardiac arrest, irreversible processes occur in the brain. During the cold period, the time of clinical death may increase slightly. However, life persistently and repeatedly proves the fallacy of such a scientific opinion. After one Norwegian fisherman fell over a forest and was in cold water, his body temperature dropped to 24C. But my heart didn’t beat for 4 hours! The man not only had his heart repaired, but after that he made a full recovery.
10. Highest number of cardiac arrests
But racer David Perley's heart stopped 6 times. After racing in 1977 he had to brake suddenly and for only 66cm. reduce speed from 173 km per hour to zero. Due to the enormous overload, he received 3 dislocations and 29 fractures.May none of us ever become such a dubious record holder!
If an unusual incident happened to you, you saw a strange creature or an incomprehensible phenomenon, you dreamed unusual dream, you saw a UFO in the sky or became a victim of alien abduction, you can send us your story and it will be published on our website ===> .
These operations amaze the human imagination with their complexity. Newsweek magazine presents a ranking of the greatest surgical miracles in the history of modern medicine.
1. Removing half the brain. On June 11 of this year, 6-year-old Jessie Hull from Texas had her entire right lobe brain The operation was performed by neurosurgeon Ben Carson from the children's medical center Johns Hopkins in Baltimore. A rare operation in medicine, called hemispherectomy, was the only salvation for a girl suffering from Rasmussen's encephalitis. In such cases, the remaining half of the brain partially takes over the functions of the remote one (doctors have not yet figured out why this happens). Jessie may have been left paralyzed for life. left side, but her personality and memory were not affected. The Johns Hopkins center performs 12 such operations a year.
2. Operation lasting 4 days. From February 4 to February 8, 1951, for 96 hours straight, doctors at a Chicago hospital removed 58-year-old Gertrude Lewandowski giant cyst ovary. This is the longest operation in the history of world medicine. Before the operation, Gertrude weighed 277 kg, and after it - 138! Surgeons removed the cyst as carefully and slowly as possible to avoid a sharp fall blood pressure at the patient.
3. Surgery in the womb. Surgeons at Australia's Monash Medical Center operated on a 22-week-old baby in the womb of 22-year-old Kylie Bowlen. A rare anomaly occurred - the amniotic threads pulled the child's ankles, which blocked the blood supply to the knees. In such cases, surgeons dare to operate no earlier than the 28th week of fetal development, but this time there was a threat that the baby would lose both legs. By the time the operation began, the right leg was already infected and inoperable (it was operated on after the child was 4 years old), but the left leg was saved. At the time of surgery, the fetal height was only 17 cm.
4. Surgery on yourself. Do you remember how Vysotsky said: “While you are here in the bathtub with tiles, washing, soaking, shaving, in the cold he is cutting out his own appendix with a scalpel”? In 1921, surgeon Evan O'Neil Kane removed his own appendix using only one local anesthesia. Just in case, three doctors stood by in the next room. The operation was so successful that in 1932 Kane performed an even more complex manipulation on himself to remove inguinal hernia. During it, he even managed to joke.
5. Face transplant. In January 2007, 31-year-old Pascal Kohler was operated on for a rare and rather scary disease called neurofibromatosis (Recklinghausen's disease), which horribly disfigured his face. The giant tumor prevented him from eating normally and turned poor Pascal into a recluse. Professor Laurent Lantieri and his colleagues performed a full face transplant from a deceased donor. The operation lasted 16 hours and ended successfully. Kohler does not resemble his anonymous donor in appearance because his facial bones were left intact. It is believed that the famous “elephant man” Joseph Merrick suffered from this disease 100 years ago.
6. Double birth. Six months after pregnancy, American Keri McCartney discovered that her child was growing a deadly tumor on his tailbone. Surgeons at Children's Hospital in Houston put Keri under anesthesia, removed her uterus, opened it, lifted 80% of the fetus's body, leaving only its head and shoulders inside, and then quickly removed the tumor. The fetus was then returned to the uterus, closing the amniotic sac in the hope of preserving as much amniotic fluid as possible. The child was “born again” after 10 weeks completely healthy.
