Many women who, for one reason or another, spend most of their time at home doing housework, sooner or later begin to think about how to learn to extract additional dividends from their situation. Of course, while on maternity leave, it is quite difficult to find a lot of time for work or hobbies, but if you wish, you can organize a small business without leaving home, which will allow you to kill several birds with one stone - the woman will do what she loves without being distracted from her main duties as a housewife, and at the same time still earn a certain amount of money. Sounds quite adventurous, doesn't it? However, organizing a small business at home is not as difficult as it seems at first, and a woman will be able to choose the appropriate direction based on her preferences, skills and desires. Below are just a few home-based small business ideas for women who are homemakers:
1) Home cooking
2) Home studio
Every housewife is forced to prepare a variety of tasty and healthy food for her family every day. If cooking gives you sincere pleasure, and everyone around you is delighted with your culinary abilities, then this great way earn extra money without leaving home. You just need to use a little imagination, cast aside modesty and call on inspiration to help. The opening of home cooking at home does not need to be formalized, although if things go well, it won’t hurt to register with the relevant authorities in order to subsequently avoid problems with the tax authorities. So where to start? The first step is to choose your main specialization. Are you great at baking? This means you should focus on making pies, crumpets and buns. Are you great at preparing homemade drinks, fruit drinks and compotes? This can also be an excellent source of permanent income, the size of which will directly depend on your performance and ability to advertise yourself. If you decide to seriously start a home culinary business, then the first thing you should take care of after you have decided on the main specialization of your mini-cooking is the constant presence in the house of all the products necessary for cooking. Please ensure that your supplies of flour, sugar, eggs (if baking is your main focus) or fresh fruit (if you decide to make refreshing drinks) are regularly replenished, as the lack of the necessary ingredients will force you to waste extra time on them. acquisition. After you have acquired supplies of the necessary products, you can think about how to convey to people information about the availability of delicious and fresh culinary products that can be purchased in your home. There are several ways to advertise your mini-cooking:
- "Word of mouth" radio. Seek help from your friends who are familiar with your culinary talents. It is unlikely that you will be denied a small advertisement
- Advertisement on the Internet
- Neighbors who are loyal to you will also probably not refuse you a small favor and will contribute to your advertising
If you really love and know how to cook and are serious about the idea of creating home cooking, then regular income will not take long to arrive.
We sew at home to order
Many women who do housework are fond of embroidery, sewing and knitting. So why not turn a pleasant hobby into a useful and profitable mini-business at home? To do this you will need very little:
1) Ability to sew well
2) Availability sewing machine and other sewing tools
3) Responsibility
4) Availability of free time
To find your first orders, you can contact your friends, asking if any of them need an exclusive outfit that no one else will have? No less effective method Finding clients for your home studio will include an advertisement in the newspaper, on the Internet, especially on specialized websites, as well as visiting exhibitions of interest. If you really know how to sew well, take your responsibilities responsibly and have enough free time, then soon your clients will definitely find you, as exclusive items self made, be it an original dress or a skillfully embroidered pillowcase, were highly valued among the people at any time. Thus, without leaving home, without being distracted from housework and communication with your child and spouse, you can provide yourself with a regular income, while doing what you love and enjoy.
Home business - profitable and easy!
Above are just two ways to make money at home for creative, responsible and energetic women who want to have their own income, even while on maternity leave. In fact, there are no options home business there is much more for housewives, and if you wish, you can always find an activity that will bring you not only moral satisfaction, but also a decent income. The most important thing is to believe in yourself!
Published: 11.01.2018 Category: Author's essayAt the moment, the Russian government has not decided what to devote to the coming year of the Yellow (Earth) Dog. Why not time it to coincide with such a wonderful thing as “living history”. After all, the next 12 months will shock the Fatherland not only with a phenomenon called “World Cup 2018,” but also with another phenomenon called “historical reconstruction 2018.” Role-playing events have long become synonymous with a successful vacation for many Russians. Of course, this refers not only to war, but also to peaceful pursuits. Rather, a whole historical complex. Yes, history can come to life. Everything is within our power. In the article you will learn more about CIS festivals.
What is military historical reconstruction
Since 1979, the described hobby has been an activity of a narrow circle of people passionate about the romance of medieval battles, the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars.
Full-scale historical reconstruction became part of Russia only in the 1990s. It concerns the restoration (reconstruction) of a historical complex associated with a specific time, a specific place and a specific event. In the 90s, it all started not with historical battles, but with... fantasy ones. The fact is that the main contingent in organizing such an event as the festival of historical reconstruction were Tolkienists, fans of the world created by the English writer D. Tolkien. Some of them still live exclusively in Middle-earth, often speaking to each other in the language of hobbits or elves. Although most of their ideological followers switched to Westeros, created by the minds of the Game of Thrones writers. The “role players” already had experience in “revitalizing” events, although not historical ones. They created costumes, weapons, fortresses and palisades, and wrote production scripts.
It remains to add that abroad, the “resurrection of history” (as well as all the fun associated with it) came into use among significant masses of the population much earlier. The fact is that this process was firmly connected with social movement living history (“living history”), born in the middle of the last century. At the moment, the current has “degenerated” into a certain variety school lessons, medieval festivals (in the Middle Ages, many Western cities were separate states - now the population takes their coats of arms into the streets), as well as the work of skansen - open-air museums. Their workers completely restore the historical complex of a certain era and the associated traditions of a certain ethnic group (costume, tools, architecture, life, weapons and rituals). In fact, ancient life appears before the viewer (the history lesson student) in all its details.
So, we also have such a concept as a historical reconstruction club (HRC). And the joint activities of these associations of enthusiasts (from different parts of the state) accordingly “gave birth” to a global interactive performance, which is usually called the festival of historical reconstruction (FIR). Now this is something more significant than what the Tolkienists of the 90s called “making a toy.” As a rule, several organizations of “historical role-players” come to the festival at once. Moreover, they try to recreate a certain event in the location where it took place.
The largest festivals of historical reconstruction 2018
In the vast expanses of the CIS (in hundreds of its cities and rural settlements) shows are regularly held as part of various FIRs. However, not every one of them attracts thousands of participants and spectators, as well as dozens of journalists. In the category “the largest festival of historical reconstruction” were “” - a global event that takes place annually in different parts of Greater Moscow. It originated back in 2011 - in Kolomenskoye Park, with the goal of presenting to the general public the events in Rus' of the 9th-11th centuries. However, in the following years, it turned to later pages of the biography of our Fatherland, and not only ours. This year the event will come under the name “Times and Epochs. Meeting". Moscow is going to surprise Russians and World Cup guests from other countries with a kind of time machine. From June 12 to June 23, the population will gather at different venues different countries and centuries, surprising onlookers with their attire, craft, dishes, dances and songs! “Vremena” is rivaled (in terms of popularity and people’s involvement) only by “Borodin’s Day” (more about it below).
The so-called medieval festivals are also especially popular. Some of the events (including an episode of the regatta of historical ships) will take place within the framework of the already mentioned spectacle “Times and Epochs. Meeting". We'll talk about the rest below.
Ancient Rus' and the Viking Age
Medieval festivals in the Russian Federation have a chronological frame of reconstructed events, starting from the 9th century. The fact is that this century became fateful in the history of the East Slavic peoples. There was an attempt to combine them into single state. At the same time, this century was the heyday of the Viking campaigns.
In different regions of Russia, the 9th century has become the main theme of the activities of historical clubs. This year, such associations have a new reason for meeting - “Rusborg 2018” (it will gather admirers of the first Russians in May, the place is still unknown). "Rusborg" "pulls out" from the darkness of centuries the military campaigns that took place on the territory of the present Northwestern federal district Russian Federation- in the 9th-11th centuries.
“Rook Pole” and “Abalakskoye Pole” are FIRs that have their own “zest”. Their participants are forced to travel on large wooden boats - longships, knorrs or longships. In the new year, the Volga near Yaroslavl will be chosen as the scene of action at Ladeynoye Pole. It is planned to raft (with stops here and there) all the way to Kazan. Siberian “Abalak” invites everyone to Tobolsk for the second time on July 7-8. The next plot of these “Fields” - naval battles with the participation of Russians, Vikings, Finnish and Baltic archers, as well as military competitions.
The last event that is worth mentioning in this regard is the “Epic Coast”. At this “gathering” a specific event is not taken into account. This is a series of buhurts (field team fights) illustrating the uneasy relationship Kievan Rus with Scandinavia and other neighbors. The brand of the festival (in addition to the sword tournaments and archery competitions common to such events) is the sulitsa competition (the sulitsa is a swing weapon that is similar to a mace, but differs from it in the design of the nozzle). The new epic bank on July 27-29 will be the bank of the Volga near the village of Toporok (rural settlement of Fedorovka, Kimry district of the Tver region).
Medieval festivals 2018
We are always predisposed to something most impressive - to terrifying iron armor, to large swords or axes clanging against them, to a lady's handkerchief sentimentally tied to a knight's spear... In a few months, all this will happen again in different Russian cities! Medieval festivals 2018 are:
- “Kulikovo Field” (will be held on September 13-16 near the Tula village of Tatinka);
- “Knight's Tournament of St. George” (will take place from April 30 to May 2 in Moscow);
- “Heritage of Centuries” (end of June, Belarus);
- “Knightly Fest of Mstislavl” (July, Belarus);
- “Battle of Four Epochs” (July, Sula Park, Belarus);
- “Genoese helmet” (Pike perch, August).
Let's start with "Paul Kulikov". This is a fairly popular historical reconstruction. 2018 on Red Hill once again promises us grandiose skirmishes and archery competitions. The bank of the Don near Tatinka is the place where D. Donskoy’s troops crossed before the battle.
Sword fights, whistling arrows - this is what intrigues tourists about medieval festivals. 2018 will be the year of several “interactive performances related to Western Europe. And most of them will be dedicated not to court balls, but to knightly tournaments, beloved by the people of our planet, as well as field battles in full equipment. Among the participants themselves, the latter idiom is more used in the form of the French original - the “new birth” of a large-scale battle is called the word “buhurt”. Buhurts will be held both at the Kulikovo Field and at the Knight's Tournament of St. George (in Kolomenskoye Park). Come early.
The medieval festivals “Heritage of Ages”, “Knight’s Festival of Mstislavl” and “Battle of Four Epochs” are a vivid embodiment of collective projects of historical clubs in Russia and Belarus. As always, the events will take place on the territory of the last of these states. IN last days June, the Mir castle complex (Grodno region) will become a gathering place for medieval musicians, equestrian daredevils and all sorts of knights (“Heritage of Centuries”). Lovers of medieval culture will gather in Mstislavl (Grodno region) and in the Sula park in July. Three events will show in all their glory the knights of the gentry, the “winged” hussars of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, zalmers, musketeers from Western European countries, archers and Cossacks. Ancient castles will serve as the backdrop for the festival.
The summer Crimea is preparing for us another show with knocking the enemy out of the saddle with a huge spear, sword fighting and archery competition. Traditionally, in August, in the Genoese fortress (the one located in one of the coastal quarters of Sudak), citizens and guests of the city gather at the “Genoese Helmet” - a festival that is included in the top five best knightly spectacles in Europe! Medievalist reenactors from all over the world come here.
Napoleonic Wars
Unlike the concept of “medieval festivals,” the concept of other role-playing spectacles does not involve tournaments. It involves more storming of defensive structures, attacks, and restoration of some circumstances of trench warfare.
Historical reconstruction of a later time traditionally (for obvious reasons) has a more expanded composition of participants. A striking example of this is “Borodin’s Day” - a reconstruction of the decisive stages of the Patriotic War on the territory of what is now Kaluga, Moscow and Smolensk regions in 1812. In September, compatriots from all over the Russian Federation will flock to the Borodino Field nature reserve.
However, in the coming year, the battle of Krasninskoye will also be in the center of attention of reenactors. Near today's village of Krasny, the Russians fought with the French for 4 days and defeated the enemy. Everything will happen again - near the Losmina river (on the Smolensk-Krasny road). By the way, in addition to the Russians, clubs from Belarus will take part in the battle.
In Belarus itself, the War of 1812 will traditionally be honored with the large-scale action “Berezina”. Near the town of Borisov, near the Strakhov forest (where the pommel of the banner of one of the Russian regiments and a soldier’s warehouse were found), costumed memorial ceremonies will be held, as well as a reconstruction of one of the episodes of the persecution of retreating Napoleonic units. The event will take place at the end of November - to the date itself.
WWII reconstructions
A major festival of historical reconstruction, associated, among other things, with the Great Patriotic War, will, as always, be held in Sevastopol. This time – September 15-16. The action, within the framework of which several episodes of the city’s defense will be restored, is called the “Crimean Military-Historical Festival”. Its opening will take place on Historical Boulevard, which is laid on the territory of the defensive structures of the 1st Defense. By the way, the festival will also resurrect the events of previous eras associated with this place.
On February 2, the whole country will once again celebrate the Stalingrad Victory. On this day, in the hero city of Volgograd, in addition to the ceremony of laying wreaths and flowers at the Eternal Flame, a military-historical reconstruction will also take place. One of the battles Battle of Stalingrad(the breakthrough of the Soviet 64th Army has already been reconstructed in the Kirovsky district of the city - October 21).
On December 9, on the embankment of the Bystraya Sosna River (the city of Yelets), the troops of the Southwestern Front will again “come to life” to carry out the offensive of the first half of December 1941. The inhabitants of this city were completely liberated from the Nazi invaders.
A vibrant historical reconstruction is planned for the south of the Voronezh region. On January 14, near the town of Rossosh, details of the liberation of this settlement from the Nazis. Fighting will break out in the floodplain of Black Kalitva. They will be attended by residents of the Voronezh, Belgorod, Rostov, Volgograd and Moscow regions, as well as historical reenactors from Italy (in the “role” of compatriots buried here who fought on the side of the Third Reich). Spectators will communicate with participants in the reconstruction, local historians, historians, and see old equipment. main feature– large-scale use of pyrotechnics.
Clubs of historical reconstruction of Russia
Usually the leaders of creative associations that “revive history” are people in one way or another connected with history (busy in the summer on excavations, and at other times - professional activity in universities). But there are many exceptions. After all, knowledge of the past (not only Russian) is now becoming fashionable. Members of the KIR gather in the premises allocated to them to make (or collect) household items or costumes authentic to “their” era. They attend historical fencing or shooting lessons (if the organization is reconstructing a complex of the New or Contemporary times). Participants in reconstruction even have the opportunity to earn money. They are able to decorate a celebration related to “their” theme with “action” or “ceremonial”. Reenactors often appear in documentaries (and today more often in feature films) dedicated to “the affairs of bygone years.” KIR unites people of all ages and professions.
Now you know what else you can devote the year 2018 to. Historical reconstruction awaits you both as a spectator and (if desired) as a participant. Leading KIRs, as a rule, have their own network resource, where the amount of the contribution, patterns of historical costumes and the collection location are indicated. There you can also get a lot of other information useful for a beginning reenactor. We would be very flattered if, after reading this review, at least one of our readers personally signs up for the historical reconstruction club. Look around and understand: it’s not too late to do this at any age.
1Military historical reconstruction has become extremely popular in Russia and abroad in the last two decades. It is known that initially it had deeper roots. The first reconstructions of important events and great battles were carried out back in Ancient Greece and Rome. Now they have decided to revive this tradition.
Event history
Military historical reconstruction was also carried out in Ancient Egypt. The organizers staged costumed performances. The public could see with their own eyes how key battles unfolded. Sometimes special arenas were even built for such events.
This type of performance experienced its next wave of popularity in the 17th century. This time, the country where military-historical reconstructions began to be carried out en masse was England. Here, in 1620-1630, units of the London militia performed demonstration drills in front of the public.
In second place in popularity were the battles of the Patriotic War of 1812.
Battle of Berlin
One of the most popular military-historical festivals in recent years is the “Battle of Berlin”. The reconstruction is dedicated to the storming of the German capital by Soviet troops in 1945.
The event takes place in Moscow at the end of April. In culture and recreation of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation "Patriot" reenactors recreate the main moments of one of the most important battles of the Great Patriotic War.
Guests of the Battle of Berlin festival find themselves in the very center of the battles. Reconstruction allows you to plunge headlong into this operation Soviet troops. The park recreates the streets of real Berlin, through which tank units and motorized troops pass. Real artillery cannonade sounds, and uncompromising air battles unfold in the sky. You can feel firsthand what the storming of Berlin was like. Not only history buffs take part in the reconstruction, but also professional stuntmen and pyrotechnicians who carefully prepare a performance in memory of the heroes of that war.
It is worth noting that in the history of the war he played important role storming of Berlin. The reconstruction allows you to imagine how it really was.
"Fire Arc"
The Moscow region is generally famous for regularly holding festivals of military-historical reconstruction. "Fire Arc" takes place in the town of Stupino in late April - early May.
This is a very spectacular military-historical festival, in which not only a large number of reenactors take part, but also a variety of equipment. These are German Messerschmitt planes, the legendary Soviet T-34 tank, and the famous Katyusha gun, which terrified German troops.
Every year about four thousand guests take part in the military-historical festival. The organizers take care of the organized delivery of guests to the holiday and the provision of parking spaces for those who decide to come by personal vehicle.
About 400 people take part in the reconstruction of the battle itself, as well as at least ten pieces of military equipment from the Great Patriotic War, produced in the 40s of the last century. The places where the festival takes place also attract a large number of tourists. These are fields and meadows next to
A large-scale performance is being prepared for the guests of the action, and after the reconstruction of the battle is completed, they can communicate with its participants and take unforgettable photographs.
The last time about 550 people took part in the reconstruction of the Prague Operation. 57 clubs from 19 Russian regions sent their representatives. There were about 100 German participants among them. It is worth noting that this is one of the largest military-historical festivals in the Moscow region.
Spectators witness the last operation of Soviet troops in the Great Patriotic War. held from May 6 to May 11, 1945.
What is historical reconstruction? - This is a recreation of various phenomena of the past: costumes, household items, weapons, technologies, activities, events.
Reconstruction in Russia for last years has become a socially significant way of representing the past. The movement has come a long way to develop directions, take to the streets, and fit into urban landscapes.
Russia now leads the world in the scale, quality and quantity of historical festivals. Every year they are visited by hundreds of thousands of Russians, thousands of reenactors participate in them, representing eras from Antiquity to the end of the 20th century.
I will talk about two aspects of reconstruction that are significant for activating historical memory:
The first is the recreation of objects of material culture and technology from different eras. This is a memory of how and how our ancestors lived.
The second is the recreation for the public of historical events, mainly famous battles. This is a memory of the glorious deeds of our ancestors.
Recreating items from the past
Recreating objects of the past is the basis of the movement. Through the study of material culture, the memory of how our ancestors lived is activated. A person masters a lot of primary sources and often begins to practice the craft. Hundreds of people on the move study archaeological catalogues, engravings, frescoes, book illuminations, read chronicles and memoirs, go on expeditions, and penetrate museum storerooms. They are looking for an answer: how to make a reliable reconstruction of a suit or weapon.
At the same time, they travel to villages to buy homespun flax or weave it themselves, work in a forge, cast jewelry, and blow glass. Someone cuts copies of ancient Russian huts, someone builds a Scandinavian longship or a Spanish brig and sails the seas. Some make antique citharas, others restore World War II tanks, or ride horses in a knight's tournament, or learn to load a rifle, as was customary in Napoleon's army.
It is not only the national memory that is being activated. A person realizes that he belongs to European culture, despite historical conflicts. European themes are no less popular in Russia than our own. The point, of course, is not a lack of patriotism. Reconstruction is generally weakly ideological, and this is part of its appeal.
Focus on primary sources, archives, and archeology is a strong inoculation against fiction, no matter whether they are Russophobic or patriotic. Of course, adherence to an alternative history is an unthinkable thing in the movement.
Morals of reenactors
A person is educated in the process of recreating artifacts and thinking about history with all its contradictions. This is the cultivation of curiosity, working with sources, as well as the skill of making things with your own hands. This is especially true for a generation that has been immersed in gadgets since childhood. In clubs with a lot of young people, the task is rarely formulated as “ patriotic education", except for officials. However, I do not know of nihilists and Russophobes in the movement, nor among the reenactors of Rus', nor Europe, nor the Napoleonic army, nor the Wehrmacht. Reenactors are generally characterized by healthy values, “absorbed” from the past: strong families, traditional gender roles, cult of camaraderie.
Audience of historical festivals
The enthusiasm of the reenactors is contagious - festival guests leave interested in the era, and sometimes they themselves begin their journey in reconstruction.
In general, the level of the audience has grown significantly. 10 years ago, festival goers often couldn’t tell a Viking from an Indian. Nowadays this is a rarity; interesting discussions often start with guests. This spring in Crimea we went hiking in the mountains in full gear of Roman legionnaires. And somewhere on a remote path we met tourists. Their first question was: “Are you legionnaires from the era of the republic or the Principate?”
The educational success of historical festivals owes much to the involvement of guests in the event. A person bakes bread in a clay oven, forges a knife, sculpts a pot on a potter's wheel, shoots a bow or arquebus, rides a boat, learns to write in a charter, prints an engraving, and walks in formation. That is, he receives a complex of impressions, is immersed in the era and takes as a souvenir an artifact that he himself made.
Recreating battles
Let's move on to another aspect - the reconstruction of battles. Let us remember the Romans, who acted out episodes of the Punic Wars in amphitheaters. As now, these reconstructions served both to entertain the public and to cultivate national memory. For most peoples, military exploits and key battles are system-forming myths. These are “myths” in the original meaning - teachers and leaders of nations in world history. In this capacity they are usually supported by the state.
Battle of Gettysburg
Photo by Robert London
A striking example cultivation of national myth through reconstruction - the Battle of Gettysburg in the USA. There is a military historical park on the battlefield, and the battle itself annually attracts up to 10 thousand participants, this is the largest event in world reconstruction. Some participants walk 150 miles to the battlefield. In general, reconstruction Civil War, and with sympathy for both sides, is a real cult in America.
Battle of Vinegar Hill
Often the state updates half-forgotten events that can strengthen national identity. For example, in Australia, the authorities considered that the civil cult of the ANZACs who participated in the First World War was insufficient. They decided to push back the birth of the Australian nation by a hundred years - to the little-known Second Battle of Vinegar Hill, where exiled Irish fought off the British army. A monument was erected on this hill and annual reconstruction was established since 2004. It attracts thousands of spectators and attracts the attention of the world media.
Reconstruction of battles in Russia
In Russia, reconstruction of battles began in 1906. The first experiment was devoted to the defense of Sevastopol during the Crimean War. The topic also interested the Bolsheviks: in 1920 they reconstructed the storming of the Winter Palace, which happened three years earlier. Then everything calmed down until the early 1970s, when Bondarchuk's film War and Peace aroused interest in the Napoleonic era.
In 1987, the first clubs of the USSR organized a trip to the places of military glory of the Twelfth Year. This is considered the beginning of the organized reconstruction movement in Russia. It is not surprising that the Battle of Borodino festival is the most famous historical event in Russia. This is the oldest festival, it recreates one of the key battles in Russian history, and on a real battlefield, which is very rare. There are festivals dedicated to the Battle of Kulikovo, Battle on the Ice, the Battle of Molodi, the Brusilov breakthrough and other major military events.
Next, I will talk about several projects of the Ratobortsy agency. These projects focus on Russian history; in their own way, they serve to activate historical memory.
Times and eras
I’ll start with the “Times and Epochs” series. This is the world's largest re-enactment festival in a metropolis. The series began in 2011, and since then the festival has been held every year in Kolomenskoye Park. The key idea is the annual change of the historical theme. The first festival was dedicated to the era Ancient Rus', it was made into a small team in just two months. At the same time, it attracted 1,000 participants from all over Russia and 50,000 spectators - an unheard of number at that time. The reviews were positive, we realized that we had found our niche.
In 2012, the festival was dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the end of the Time of Troubles. The central event was the reconstruction of the Battle of Moscow in 1612.
The third festival presented the European Middle Ages. The first international knightly tournament in Russia on solid spears was also held here - without the props popular in the West. This tournament, by the way, grew into a separate festival - the “Tournament of St. George”.
In 2014 the theme was World War I. Here I will say that confronting one’s native history is not always comfortable. There was an unexpectedly violent reaction to the reconstruction of the Osovets defense. Spectators left the stands delighted and in tears, despite having never heard anything about this feat before. There was also a wave of negativity, saying that it was impossible to so convincingly show heartbreaking events that, by historical standards, happened recently. One way or another, there were no indifferent people. The “Forgotten War” surfaced in the memory of Muscovites and chilled them to the bone. Wasn’t this the kind of tragic catharsis that Aristotle was talking about?
Last year we decided to remind the Third Rome of its spiritual ancestor - the First Rome. To do this, in less than a year, we developed the theme of antiquity, which was exotic for Russia, almost from scratch. Ancient Rome aroused great interest - the festival was attended by 300,000 people.
This year “Times and Epochs” was again dedicated to Ancient Rus'. This was the largest festival of the series. A conference was also held here, where leading Russian archaeologists spoke.
If “Times and Epochs” is the largest festival in Russia, then the Crimean Military History Festival is the longest. It has been taking place since 2014 on the Fedyukhin Heights near Sevastopol. The purpose of the festival is to recall the glorious history of the peninsula, starting with the Bosporan War in the 1st century AD. e., ending with the liberation of Sevastopol in 1944.
The key sites of the festival are an ancient Roman fortress, a medieval trading post, and a battlefield of the Great Patriotic War.
The most atmospheric site is the Crimean War. There were battles on the Fedyukhin Heights in 1855. For the festival, positions of the Russian army and interventionists are lined up here. These are fortress batteries with guns, barracks, a powder magazine, and siege parallels. This year the guests were shown the assault on the Malakhov Kurgan.
In total, this year the festival featured 11 venues from different eras and armies. They worked for 9 days. In the future, we hope to open a historical park on Fedyukhin Heights, open all year round.
Historical reconstruction
Group of reenactors (territory of present-day Ukraine, 17th century), 2005
Historical reconstruction- a fairly young type of hobby. It appeared in Russia in the early 90s and immediately became widespread among people interested in history, the romantic spirit of the Middle Ages and art. There are many areas in historical reconstruction, including sports. There are several historical fencing federations in Russia. Sports tournaments are held regularly. Festivals and mass productions of battles are held mainly by historical fencing and reconstruction clubs with the support of the administration of the regions and cities where the event is held. There are also events of national importance (for example, the reconstruction of the Battle of Kulikovo or the Battle of Borodino in Russia or the reconstruction of the Battle of Grunwald abroad).
- Historical reconstruction- reconstruction of the material and spiritual culture of a particular historical era and region using archaeological, visual and written sources.
- Historical reconstruction is a movement that sets itself scientific goals and uses the method of role-playing and scientific experimentation to solve problems and gain a deeper understanding of the issue under study.
The term “historical reconstruction” can be used in two meanings:
- Recovery appearance and construction of the object, theoretical or practical, based on its surviving fragments, remains, and available historical information about it, using modern methods historical science(including such a method as an archaeological experiment). The historical reconstruction of processes, events and technologies is defined similarly. Also - its (restoration) result.
- Activities aimed at restoring various aspects of historical events, objects, etc.
Historical reconstruction in the CIS countries
Historical reconstruction as a hobby appeared in the CIS countries (then the USSR) in the late 1980s. As a rule, those keen on historical reconstruction are interested in creating a historical complex consisting of costume, armor, weapons and household accessories for the selected region and historical period. Each element of the complex must be confirmed by any scientific sources (archaeological, visual, written). The main idea of reconstructing such a complex of costume, armor, etc. is the practical application of this complex, including to confirm or refute scientific hypotheses regarding the possibilities of using certain items.
Directions of historical reconstruction
Currently there are two most popular directions:
- living history;
- tournaments (buhurts) - not present in the Napoleonic reconstruction.
In most cases, reenactors unite in the “Historical Reconstruction Club” (HIR) or the “Historical Reconstruction and Fencing Club” (KIRiF) and the “Military Historical Club” (VIC), which have their own premises for training, storage of equipment and clothing, a workshop and etc. The size of the club is, as a rule, 10-30 people (possibly more). Large clubs may have branches in other cities. There may be a hierarchy within the clubs that, to one degree or another, repeats the hierarchical structure of the period being reconstructed (say, the structure of an early medieval Slavic squad or an infantry regiment of the Napoleonic army). Members of the same club in most cases have certain features, allowing them to be identified at major events (shields of a certain color or with a certain pattern, uniform color, stripes, special shoulder straps, etc.).
In addition to participating in festivals, clubs can organize their own private events, reconstructing certain events, rituals, etc. (for example, feasts and balls). Members of KIRs are often invited to participate in certain historical events, presentations, exhibitions, and participate in the filming of historical films (a typical example is the film “Alexander. Battle of the Neva”). In addition to "club" reenactors, there are also reenactors who do not belong to any particular club and reenact on their own. Among reenactors, such people are sometimes called SSers(SSR - “Your Own Reconstructor”).
Photo gallery
Reenactors depict French artillerymen on the historical field (Battle of Austerlitz), 2005
Reconstruction of the Battle of Borodino, 2011
see also
Literature
- Korobeinikov A.V. Historical reconstruction based on archaeological data. (Russian) . Monograph on historical reconstruction using methods of exact sciences.. Retrieved September 16, 2010.
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See what “Historical reconstruction” is in other dictionaries:
Reconstruction: Reconstruction is the process of changing objects of the present in order to give new properties in the future. Reconstruction, regardless of its content, is component planning. Reconstruction of reproduction of processes, ... ... Wikipedia
Reconstruction: Reconstruction is an alteration, a radical restructuring of something, an organization according to completely new principles. Reconstruction (film, 2003) Danish film directed by Christopher Boe. Reconstruction of the South period in US history... ... Wikipedia
- (German: Historisches Rathaus Münster) building of the city government of the city of Münster (federal state of North Rhine Westphalia). Along with St. Paul's Cathedral, the town hall is one of the most significant architectural monuments... ... Wikipedia
