My friend got a kitten, fluffy and very funny. But his eyes are different colors - one is blue, the other is green. Please tell me, does this not affect his health, does he see well? And is this normal? Daria
Hello, Daria! And, you know, your friend is lucky! It is believed that possessing such a miracle as a cat with different colors eye - good luck.
Let's take a closer look at this interesting phenomenon. The difference in the color of the iris of the eyes is called disagreement or heterochromia (from Greek words“heteros” - different, different and “chroma” - color) - different colors of the iris of the right and left eyes or unequal coloring of different parts of the iris of one eye. In other words, the term heterochromia call both the presence of a section (segment) of a different color in one eye, and the case when both eyes have completely different colour.
Heterochromia occurs in some animal species, and even in humans, but is most common in cats. The most common is complete heterochromia, when a cat has one eye that is entirely orange, golden, yellow or green, and the other is blue. Cases of partial heterochromia, when only part of the eye is colored a different color, are much less common.
Cause of heterochromia lies in different concentrations and uneven distribution of melanin - a natural coloring pigment - in the iris of the eyes. An eye affected by heterochromia may be hyperpigmented (excess melanin) or hypopigmented (lack of melanin).
Now attention! In albinos, melanins may have a reduced concentration and even be completely absent (!). This explains the fact that blue eye color is more often observed in cats of white color or in cats with a large percentage of white in color . Therefore, odd-eyedness is especially common among cats of the Angora or Turkish Van breeds (originally white cats).
And to make it completely clear (or completely unclear :-)) A littlegenetAndki:
The peculiarity of the white color is that its gene is one of the strongest in domestic cats in its effect not only on blocking coat pigmentation, but also on the development of rudiments nervous system. Under its influence, changes in the organs of vision and hearing may occur.
Due to the white color gene, there may be no pigment in the iris of the eye, which visually appears blue. It can be bilateral (both eyes) or unilateral (only one eye) blue eyes. It has been found that in completely white cats with eyes of different colors, deafness usually occurs in the ear located on the side of the blue eye.
The heterogeneity of completely white cats is formed under the influence of the dominant and dangerous gene W - White, which in homozygous form (when only this gene is present) is considered lethal, that is, leading to the death of kittens even inside the womb. Therefore, all pure white cats can only be heterozygous, that is, in a pair with the white color gene, “non-white” is necessarily attached, due to which colored kittens are also born in litters from white parents.
Divergence of eyes does not affect vision(!) , therefore heterochromia is not considered a disease.
Agree that cats with different eye colors look very mysterious, and certainly, to put it modern language, Cool! 
Eye color has great importance in a girl's life, even if we don't think about it. Very often, clothes and accessories are chosen directly to match the color of the eyes, not to mention the fact that thanks to existing stereotypes, we, to some extent, form our initial opinion about a person taking into account the color of his eyes.
Therefore, when special lenses appeared that changed eye color, many girls rushed to purchase them in order to create images with different eye colors. And besides lenses, Photoshop helps us, with its help you can achieve any color, but unfortunately this is displayed only on the monitor screen and photographs.
What determines the real color of a person's eyes? Why do some people have blue eyes, others green, and some even boast purple ones?
The color of a person’s eyes, or rather the color of the iris, depends on two factors:
1. Density of iris fibers.
2. Distribution of melanin pigment in the layers of the iris.
Melanin is a pigment that determines the color of human skin and hair. The more melanin, the darker the skin and hair. In the iris of the eye, melanin ranges from yellow to brown and black. In this case, the back layer of the iris is always black, with the exception of albinos.
Yellow, brown, black, where then do the blue and green eyes come from? Let's look into this phenomenon...
Blue eyes
The blue color is due to the low fiber density of the outer layer of the iris and the low melanin content. In this case, low-frequency light is absorbed by the back layer, and high-frequency light is reflected from it, so the eyes turn out blue. The lower the fiber density of the outer layer, the more saturated Blue colour eye.
Blue eyes
Blue color occurs when the fibers of the outer layer of the iris are denser than in the case of blue eyes and have a whitish or grayish color. The higher the fiber density, the lighter the color.
Blue and blue eyes are most common among the population of northern Europe. For example, in Estonia up to 99% of the population had this eye color, and in Germany 75%. Only given modern realities, this situation will not last long, because more and more people from Asian and African countries are trying to move to Europe.
Blue eye color in babies
There is an opinion that all children are born blue-eyed, and then the color changes. This is a wrong opinion. In fact, many babies are actually born light-eyed, and subsequently, as melanin is actively produced, their eyes become darker and the final eye color is established by two to three years.
Grey colour it turns out similar to blue, only in this case the density of the fibers of the outer layer is even higher and their shade is closer to gray. If the fiber density is not so high, then the eye color will be gray-blue. In addition, the presence of melanin or other substances gives a small yellow or brownish impurity.
Green eyes
This eye color is most often attributed to witches and sorceresses, and therefore green-eyed girls are sometimes treated with suspicion. Only green eyes were obtained not due to witchcraft, but due to a small amount of melanin.
In green-eyed girls, yellow or light brown pigment is distributed in the outer layer of the iris. And as a result of scattering by blue or cyan, green is obtained. The color of the iris is usually uneven; there are a large number of different shades of green.
Pure green eye color is extremely rare; no more than two percent of people can boast of green eyes. They can be found in people in Northern and Central Europe, and sometimes in Southern Europe. Women have green eyes much more often than men, which played a certain role in attributing this eye color to witches.
Amber
Amber eyes have a monotonous light brown color, sometimes with a yellowish-green or reddish tint. Their color can also be close to marsh or golden, which is due to the presence of lipofuscin pigment.
Swamp eye color (aka hazel or beer) is a mixed color. Depending on the lighting, it may appear golden, brown-green, brown, light brown with a yellow-green tint. In the outer layer of the iris, the melanin content is quite moderate, so the marsh color is the result of a combination of brown and blue or blue flowers. Yellow pigments may also be present. Unlike amber color eye, in in this case The coloring is not monotonous, but rather heterogeneous.
Brown eyes
Brown eye color results from the fact that the outer layer of the iris contains a lot of melanin, so it absorbs both high-frequency and low-frequency light, and the reflected light adds up to brown. The more melanin, the darker and richer the eye color.
Brown eye color is the most common in the world. But in our life, this - which is a lot - is valued less, so brown-eyed girls sometimes envy those to whom nature has given green or blue eyes. Just don’t rush to be offended by nature, brown eyes are one of the most adapted to the sun!
Black eyes
Black eye color is essentially dark brown, but the concentration of melanin in the iris is so high that the light falling on it is almost completely absorbed.
Red eyes
Yes, there are such eyes, and not only in the movies, but also in reality! Red or pinkish eye color is found only in albinos. This color is associated with the absence of melanin in the iris, so the color is formed based on the blood circulating in the vessels of the iris. In some rare cases, the red color of the blood mixes with the blue to produce a slight purple tint.
Purple eyes!
The most unusual and rare color eyes, these are rich purple. This is extremely rare, perhaps only a few people on earth have a similar eye color, so this phenomenon has been little studied, and there are different versions and myths about this that go back centuries. But most likely, violet eyes do not give their owner any superpowers.
This phenomenon is called heterochromia, which translated from Greek means “different color”. The reason for this feature is the different amount of melanin in the irises of the eye. There is complete heterochromia - when one eye is one color, the other - another, and partial - when parts of the iris of one eye are different colors.
Can eye color change throughout life?
Within one color group, color can change depending on lighting, clothing, makeup, even mood. In general, with age, most people's eyes lighten, losing their original bright color.
What do Alexander the Great, Mila Kunis, Jane Seymour and David Bowie have in common? Besides the fact that they are all individuals whose names are well known to many people around the world, all four of them have different colored eyes. In other words, they have heterochromia - a fairly rare condition that occurs in less than 1% of the world's population. What is heterochromia - a disease or an exceptional feature?
What causes heterochromia?
The color of a person's eyes is determined by the iris, or iris. Depending on the content of melanin pigment in its cells and the nature of its distribution, the iris can have a color from light blue to almost black. The color shade of the iris develops during the first months after the baby is born, the final color of his eyes is established in the first or second year of life, and the amount of melanin determines how dark the eye color will be. The less melanin, the lighter the eyes will be, and vice versa. In some cases, when the concentration of melanin and its distribution are heterogeneous, a condition known as iris heterochromia can occur.Heterochromia (from the Greek ἕτερος - “different”, “different”; χρῶμα - “color”) is a different color of the iris of the right and left eyes or unequal coloring of different parts of the iris of one eye. It is the result of some excess or deficiency of melanin in different eyes, where one eye may be less pigmented, the other more. Heterochromia - enough a rare event and occurs in less than 1% of the world's population. It can be hereditary or acquired as a result of eye injury or the development of certain diseases. Many people believe that multi-colored eyes make a face unique. If one eye is blue and the other is brown, the difference is immediately noticeable. Seeing that one eye is gray and the other blue is more difficult, and only by looking closely can you tell the difference.
Types of heterochromia
Depending on the type of coloring of the iris, several types of heterochromia are distinguished: complete, in which both eyes have a different color (Fig. 1); partial, or sectoral, when the iris of one eye contains several different color shades at once (Fig. 2); central, when the iris has several full-fledged colored rings (Fig. 3). The most common type is complete heterochromia, where, for example, one eye is brown and the other is blue. The second type, partial heterochromia, is in some cases a consequence of inherited diseases such as Hirschsprung's disease and Waardenburg's syndrome. In women, heterochromia occurs more often than in representatives of the stronger half of humanity. IN medical practice forms of heterochromia are known that arise as a result of damage to the iris: simple - abnormal coloring of the membrane of the eye with congenital weakness of the cervical sympathetic nerve; complicated - uveitis with Fuchs syndrome ( chronic illness, which is characterized by damage to one of the eyes, expressed by a change in the color of the iris).Some people have developed heterochromia after injury to the eye with an iron or copper foreign body, when it was not removed in a timely manner. This process is called metallosis of the eye, and when it occurs, a number of symptoms characteristic of inflammation appear eyeball, and in addition, the color of the iris changes. Often with metallosis of the eye, the iris becomes brown-rusty, but it can also be green-blue.
Is it possible to restore the color of the iris? With congenital heterochromia medical treatment won't help, but level it out visible color eyes are capable of color or tint contact lenses. With metallosis, eye color can be restored after successful removal foreign body, and in case of inflammation of the eye - with complete cure.
Heterochromia in animals
In animals, the phenomenon of heterochromia is more common than in humans (Fig. 4). This anomaly can be seen in cats, dogs, horses, cows and even buffaloes.
Rice. 4. Animals with complete heterochromia
Most often, complete heterochromia occurs in cats with a partial or complete white color, for example in the Turkish Angora and Turkish Van breeds. According to legend, the favorite cat of the Prophet Muhammad, Muizza, had eyes of different colors. Among dogs, heterochromia is often observed in breeds such as the Siberian Husky. Horses with complete heterochromia usually have one brown eye and one white, gray or blue eye, with heterochromia of the eyes occurring in piebald animals.
As a rule, complete heterochromia occurs in animals: one eye is blue or gray-blue in color, and the other is yellow, copper or brown. Partial heterochromia among animals is a rarer phenomenon; it is characterized by a partial inclusion of a color different from the main color of the iris. More often than in other animals, partial heterochromia occurs in dogs of the Australian Shepherd and Border Collie breeds.
Heterochromia is a condition whose gene is inherited; it does not cause any complications or inconveniences for the animal. Its presence does not affect visual acuity and light sensitivity, and the pupil reacts to light with a sharp constriction, as in ordinary animals. However, breeding animals with heterochromia is not recommended; it is considered a defect in the breed, although some animal lovers specifically select odd-eyed pets for themselves.
Should you worry if you have heterochromia?
Of course, heterochromia is an anomaly, but its presence does not necessarily mean the presence of hidden health problems. However, there is evidence that heterochromia may accompany some hereditary diseases. One example of such diseases is Waardenburg syndrome, in which children develop the following Clinical signs: congenital hearing loss varying degrees, a gray strand above the forehead and heterochromia. Another example is a disease such as neurofibromatosis, which affects many organs and even entire systems. Externally, it is accompanied by the presence on the skin of many coffee-milk-colored spots, neurofibromas and pigmented hamartomas of the iris (Bream nodules). Experts recommend that not only children, but also adults with congenital or acquired heterochromia undergo an annual medical examination.If you notice a sudden change in the color of the iris, the appearance of heterochromia, this may be due to a health condition. In this case, you need to consult an ophthalmologist who will conduct a thorough examination and identify any problems.
Diagnosis and treatment of heterochromia
Let us say right away that heterochromia itself is not a disease. However, it may be a consequence of some serious illnesses and therefore requires medical examination from an ophthalmologist. If pathologies are found during the examination, the doctor will give directions for tests and other laboratory research. Depending on the type of pathology identified, medication or surgery. If the disease is completely cured, eye color can be restored. At congenital pathology You can change the shade only with the help of.Famous people with heterochromia
Facilities mass media pay special attention to the description of appearance famous people- actors, singers, athletes, politicians, looking for the slightest deviations from the norm. When asked, the British version of Wikipedia will give you a whole list of celebrities with one or another type of heterochromia.Thus, partial or complete heterochromia was noted in the Hollywood actress Mila Kunis: her left eye is brown, her right eye is blue; British actress Jane Seymour: right eye - a combination of green and brown, left eye - green; American actress Kate Bosworth: left eye - blue, right - blue with brown; Canadian actor Kiefer Sutherland has sectoral heterochromia in both eyes - a combination of green and blue in British actor Benedict Cumberbatch; acquired heterochromia after an injury in a fight was noted in the British rock musician, singer and producer David Bowie (Fig. 5). Many other celebrities also have heterochromia.
Rice. 5. A whole list of celebrities with one or another type of heterochromia has been compiled.
On the picture (top down) Stars: Kate Bosworth, David Bowie, Jane Seymour, Mila Kunis
The fact that Alexander the Great had complete heterochromia is mentioned by the Greek historian Arrian, who described Alexander as a strong, attractive commander, one of whose eyes was black as night, and the other blue as the sky.
There are many examples of heterochromia among famous literary characters: Woland (“the right eye is black, the left for some reason is green”) from “The Master and Margarita” and Lieutenant Viktor Myshlaevsky from “The White Guard” by Mikhail Bulgakov, tank commander Vasily Semyonov in Janusz Przymanowski’s book “The Four tank driver and dog."
Different eye colors always attract attention, but after reading this article, you will understand that this is most often just an abnormal deviation from the norm, hereditary or acquired.
1 See: Heterochromia iridum // Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterochromia_iridum (access date: 09/22/2014).
2 See: Heterochromia // Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia [Site]. URL: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ %C3 %E5 %F2 %E5 %F0 %EE %F5 %F0 %EE %EC %E8 %FF (access date: 09/22/2014).
3 See: Neurofibromatosis // Neboleem.net. Medical portal [Site]. URL: http://www.neboleem.net/neirofibromatoz.php (access date: 09/22/2014).
4 See: Heterochromia, or People with different-colored eyes // facte.ru. Educational magazine [Site]. URL: http://facte.ru/man/6474.html#ixzz336UHypus (access date: 09/22/2014).
5 See: What causes different colored eyes? // essilor. URL: http://news.essilorusa.com/stories/detail/what-causes-different-colored-eyes (access date: 09/22/2014).
6 See: List of people with heterochromia // Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_with_heterochromia (access date: 09.22.2014).
7 See: Alexander the Great // Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_the_Great (access date: 09/22/2014).
Olga Shcherbakova, Veko magazine, 8/2014
Incredible facts
Brown-eyed people are more trustworthy than blue-eyed people, scientists have found.
However, as researchers from Charles University in Prague, it is not the eye color itself that inspires confidence. When a group of volunteers were shown photographs of the same men whose eye color had been artificially changed in different photographs, they were considered more reliable.
This suggests that It’s not the eye color itself that inspires trust, but the facial features inherent in brown-eyed people.
For example, brown-eyed men tend to have a rounder face with a wide chin, a wider mouth with raised corners, big eyes and closer eyebrows. All these qualities indicate masculinity and therefore inspire confidence.
In contrast, blue-eyed representatives of the stronger sex more often have facial features that are perceived as a sign of cunning and changeability. These are, as a rule, small eyes and a narrow mouth with drooping corners.
Women with brown eyes are also considered more trustworthy than those with blue eyes, but the difference is not as pronounced as for men.
One of the first features that attracts us to a person is their eyes, and especially their eye color. Did you know what eye color is considered the rarest, or why eyes can be red? Here are a few interesting facts about the color of a person's eyes.
Brown eye color is the most common eye color
© Kichigin
Brown eye color is the most common eye color in the world, with the exception of the Baltic countries. It results from the presence of large amounts of melanin in the iris, which absorbs a lot of light. People with very high concentrations of melanin may appear as if they have black eyes.
Blue eye color is a genetic mutation
© MariaBobrova
All people with blue eyes one common ancestor. Scientists have traced the genetic mutation that led to the appearance of blue eyes and found that it appeared 6000 - 10000 years ago. Until that time blue eyed people did not have.
Most people with blue eyes are in the Baltic countries and Nordic countries. In Estonia, 99 percent of people have blue eyes.
Yellow eye color – wolf eyes
© Catalin
Yellow or amber eyes have a golden, tan or copper tint and are the result of the presence of lipochrome pigment, which is also found in green eyes. Yellow the eyes are also called “wolf eyes”, as this rare eye color common among animals such as wolves, domestic cats, owls, eagles, pigeons and fish.
Green is the rarest eye color
© Zastavkin
Only 1-2 percent of people in the world have green eyes. Purely green color eye (which should not be confused with swamp color) - a very rare eye color, as it is often eradicated in the family by the dominant gene brown eyes. In Iceland and Holland, green eyes are most common in women.
One person can have eyes of different colors
© Pio3
Heterochromia is a phenomenon in which one person can have different eye colors. It is caused by too much or too little melanin and is a result of genetic mutation, illness or injury.
© ajr_images/Getty Images Pro
With complete heterochromia, a person has two different colors of the iris, for example, one eye is brown, the other is blue. With partial heterochromia, the color of the iris is divided into two parts of different colors.
Red eyes are common found in albinos. Since they have almost no melanin, their irises are transparent but appear red due to the blood vessels.
© kasto
Eye color can change throughout a person's life. African-Americans, Hispanics and Asians are typically born with dark eyes that rarely change. Most Caucasian children are born with light color eye: blue or blue. But over time, as the child develops, the cells in the iris of the eye begin to produce more melanin pigment. Usually, Baby's eye color changes by age one, but can be established later by the age of 3, and less often by 10-12 years.
In rare cases, changes in eye color throughout life may also indicate certain diseases, such as Horner's syndrome, some forms of glaucoma and others.
The formation of eye color is a complex process that is determined genetically. There are many combinations of genes that we get from both parents that determine the eye color you will have. Here is the most simplified diagram that will help you find out the eye color of your unborn child.
I wonder how a person with such a difference from others feels? Surely, people with different eyes feel a little constrained, realizing that they are different from the rest, even if only slightly. And we, ordinary people, look at them and somewhere in the depths of our souls, or maybe we quite clearly admire it. A person’s desire to stand out is quite normal, therefore, the desire to be in the place of those who are “different” from him is justified. We conclude that you should not be ashamed of your distinctive features, especially since many, as stated, are trying to recreate something similar, resorting to certain means.
Although, is this so, is it really true for people with with different eyes don't like being like that? There is a lot of material that reveals human sides from different sides - meleosophy, which studies moles on the human body, philosophy, psychology, physiology, biology, palmistry and many other areas, so not similar friends on a friend. An attempt to characterize a person by eye color was not an exception. Tons of articles that describe people with brown, green, blue eyes. What can you say about a person whose eye color is not the same? Let's figure out what different eye colors mean for people!
Congenital and acquired “diversity of eyes”
In science, the phenomenon of people with different colored eyes was considered from a genetic point of view and is called heterochromia - a different color of the iris of one eye from the other. It is the result of a relative excess or deficiency of melanin. But there is also acquired “diversity of eyes,” for example, as a result of injury, in people with glaucoma or with tumors.
Psychological portrait of people with different eye colors
Egocentrism
Such people are characterized as fearless, unpredictable and extraordinary individuals. They are incredibly generous. Against the background of these significant positive qualities, there is an obvious negative - egocentrism in a pronounced form. “How is it possible that they didn’t pay attention to me?!” It is very difficult to get along with egoists; they demand an excessive amount of attention. But here’s a paradox: people who have different colors of the iris love loneliness. Strange, isn't it? Although, why be surprised? Against this background, they have a narrow circle of friends who are valued and loved. Well, how can you not appreciate those who tolerate and accept your selfishness?
Striving for ideal
Women with different eyes strive for the ideal. They may be overweight in physique, so they often resort to diets. However, this does not prevent them from enjoying their appearance, simply “there is no limit to perfection.” Ladies are subtle by nature, love poetry, music, dancing, and are very cheerful.
Moderate lifestyle
The life schedule is not tight, if any bright events happen, it is quite rare. True, this does not particularly upset them; on the contrary, it makes them appreciate what they have and will be imprinted in their memory for a long time. They are quite capable of organizing a holiday for themselves and do so thanks to their good organizational skills and imagination.
Patience and endurance
TO positive qualities can be attributed to good patience and endurance. You may not even know about their problems - they only spread their worries or dissatisfaction when the boiling point has been reached. And then only those closest to you will know. They do not strive to jump over their heads; they are content with their current position.
Ideal wives
In relationships, at first glance, they are flighty, but if the “different eyes” left you, it was only because for her you are not the one and only, and there can be a lot of them. When she finds the one, it will be “love until the grave,” with dramatic changes in behavior. It would seem that in a wild girl you will see an excellent housewife who will always maintain comfort in the house and, if you wish, will share useful wisdom. Don't let the advice fall on deaf ears. The husbands of such ladies will be envied, because all selfishness will turn in a completely different direction - she will “live for her man.”
So, in addition to the fact that such a girl will be an excellent housewife, a caring wife, she, of course, will not forget to take care of her appearance. For any man, it seems to me, this is the ideal wife. True, there are qualities that a husband can accept, or maybe categorically not. “Odd-eyed” women are addicted to alcohol, but, due to their intelligence, they avoid it. But once you try smoking, you may never be able to quit.
Stubbornness and straightforwardness
People with different-colored eyes are characterized by stubbornness and capriciousness, do not forget about this. In a dispute or quarrel, they will stand their ground to the end. They can be rude, but only in extreme cases, when the opponent cannot understand otherwise. They try not to show these qualities to others.
Try to choose your words when communicating with them. They forgive easily, but the offense will be remembered for a long time. They do not know how to hint and are not able to understand hints themselves, which indicates their straightforwardness. “Better the bitter truth than a sweet lie” is the motto with which they go through life.
We hope it will now be easier for you to understand such unusual and controversial people.
