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Courses for dog owners. How to train dogs? Home dog training

The question of how to train a dog worries many pet lovers. The main thing in this matter is to be patient and strictly follow the recommendations. Additionally, training dogs at home involves working with your own pet, which can make things more challenging. After all, an owner is to a dog like a mother is to a child - you can be naughty with her. But if a person copes with this and shows not only tolerance, but also toughness, then he will be able to train a dog of any breed in the future.

The question of how to train a dog worries many pet lovers.

Easy to train breeds

All animals, like people, have their own individual character, so if you decide to train a dog at home, it is best to start with a breed whose representatives are distinguished by their docile nature and diligence.

The best ones to train are:

German bearish– a good-natured, calm character, but you need to start working with her from the very beginning young, otherwise it will grow uncontrollable.
Italian Canne Corso– there will be no problems with him either – he has an excellent memory, but does not communicate well with other breeds.
Basset Hound- a cheerful hunter, quickly finds mutual language with kids. In addition, the animal is strong and resilient.
Black Russian Terrier– only the strong can work with him, strong-willed person, the animal has a corresponding character. But if such a specialist is found, then the dog will carry out all his commands with ease.
WITH Maltese dog there will be no problems either, he studies easily and willingly, but due to his short stature and weak body he gets tired quickly.
German Shepherd – more loyal than a dog not to be found, the character is self-possessed, Nordic, but at the same time a wonderful nanny. He carries out commands easily, and most importantly, with pleasure, because the “German” loves to work.

Commands for a general training course

Training for a dog begins from early childhood - from 1 month. How to train a puppy from 3 months and up we'll talk Further.

All of the commands listed are very important, you should not skip a single one. And they must be pronounced exactly as written in the manual.

The main thing in this matter is to be patient and strictly follow the recommendations.

A little later, after the dog has completed the entire course of mandatory commands, you can train it in any other way, but the base must remain the same:

"To me"– this command will be with the animal throughout its life.
"Ugh"– sometimes this command will help save not only your slipper, but also the life of the dog itself. After all, it is unknown what the pet is going to pick up on the street; it could be a poisoned piece of bait.
"Near"– this command will sound every day while walking.
"Excerpt"- this command is often skipped, but, nevertheless, it is the basis on which the rest of the orders are based.
"Sit"– a team is needed every day in a variety of situations.
"Lie"– the command is not very popular, but is performed by the pet with pleasure.
"Stand"– this command is difficult to teach, but necessary.
"Give"- an important command for any dog, but especially for service dogs. Small breeds will give you a stick or ball at this command, and service dogs will release the captured criminal on this command.
"Aport"- a team is needed for service dogs, using it she begins to search the premises. With the help of this command, ordinary breeds of animals are forced to simply run.
"Place"- this command is more likely to maintain the authority of the owner, and not to ensure that the dog goes to his place. The fact is that the “place” is where the owner indicated, and not where the animal likes to sleep.
"Face"– command for service breeds. But it cannot be used until the pet learns to unquestioningly follow the rest of the owner’s instructions. A service dog is a kind of weapon, and if a person does not know how to handle it, then it becomes dangerous. So no “fas” until the dog learns complete obedience.

To help your pet better absorb material, You can use treats as a stimulus during training.

Dog training: first steps (video)

Obedience training

How to teach a dog commands? The learning process can be divided into several stages. Firstly, commands at home should be taught at home, in a calm environment. When you are sure that the puppy being trained has mastered all the material, you can move the classes outside.

It will be a surprise for the owner that open place, where there are a lot of irritants that distract the dog, it does not follow a single instruction. So you will have to start all over again. But things will go faster - the base is already there!

On the street, before training, which should last 30-40 minutes, let the animal run. A slightly tired dog will obey better. You need to exercise at least 3 times a week.

Before pronouncing the command, you need to draw the dog’s attention to yourself by calling it by name. All commands must be duplicated with gestures. This is important so that in the future, instructions can only be given by gestures.

Teaching your dog to follow commands

To teach your dog to follow directions, you first need to guide him with your hands and a leash. You should not try to teach your dog several commands in one training session. Having achieved the completion of one, you can teach the next one in the next lesson. In the future, the commands are combined, but in random order.

That is, you cannot accustom an animal to perform a certain sequence - mix them. Commands must be pronounced in a firm, loud voice.

Be sure to ensure that the dog complies with the order on the second repetition at most. If this doesn't work, you need to pause and try again. You cannot repeat the instructions 3-4 or more times.

So:"To me".
Position yourself so that the dog can see you. You need to attract attention by calling her by name. Show the treat in your hand and say “come to me!” When the animal approaches, give it a treat and praise it with your voice, making its timbre softer. Repeat the exercise, gradually moving further away from the animal."Ugh".
To do this you need to take a treat. Place it in front of the dog and say “ugh!” If the puppy tries to pick up the food, say “ugh” again and slap him in the face with your palm. There is no need to hit him hard; the main thing is to emphasize your disapproval of your pet’s behavior. You can hit with a fly swatter or a rolled-up newspaper, but there is a danger of teaching the dog to be afraid of this particular object. Repeat the command until the dog learns to ignore the treat when you direct it. After he has ignored the treat, you can pick it up and give it to the dog from the palm of your hand. Having learned this trick, your pet will never eat anything on the street and, on your command, will release any object from its mouth. Having said “near!”, use a leash to bring the animal to your left leg, simultaneously slapping it with your left palm, and position it so that its head touches your leg. When he gets into this position, give the puppy a treat. For a service dog, it is critical to carry out this command by walking around the owner in a circle clockwise, this will make it easier for him to occupy the position. right place. Help the dog with this with a leash. The mongrel does not need to be taught to walk around its owner in a circle. She should just come and stand on the left side.
Team training "sit" is also duplicated by a gesture - the palm rises to the level of the chest away from you, at the same time the command “sit!” is given.
There is no need to hit the dog on the rump. To give it the desired position, you just need to press two fingers on the base of the pelvic bones where the spine extends from them; in humans this place is called the lower back. The dog will feel uncomfortable with this pressure and will instinctively sit down. After the command is completed, give the treat while rewarding the dog with your voice. On command"lie!" The palm falls parallel to the ground. So that the dog can borrow correct position , press your finger between his shoulder blades, moving away from painful pressure
"Excerpt" , he will lie down. Give him a treat and praise him. At its core, it is the dog’s ability to remain in the position indicated to it by its owner.
"Give" This can be a sitting, standing, lying position. Force the animal to perform one of these commands and try to get it to maintain this position for 5-10 seconds. Some trainers add the command “wait!” Or they simply duplicate the executed command. Alternate “exposure” with other commands, gradually increasing the interval. After the dog has spent the allotted time in the indicated position, give him a treat and praise. Ideally, the pet should remain in this position for up to 30 minutes. Without “restraint” the dog will leave the specified position at its own discretion, and this is wrong. You can train with your favorite toy, let the dog take it in its teeth. After that, extend your hand to her and command “Give!” To get the puppy to release the object and give it back, distract the animal with a treat. After following the instructions, praise your dog. In order to strengthen the skill, while eating a pet with the words “give!” take the bowl from him. He should allow you to do this without complaint. If he growls and shows aggression, suppress this urge by pressing your hand on his back in the area of the shoulder blades. Press the dog down to the floor and hold it there until he stops resisting. This must be done so that the dog understands who is boss in the house. This knowledge will remain with him for the rest of his life; such understanding is especially important if the dog is a large breed.
Dog training for the “fetch” command should take place outside. To do this, take a special toy or a stick made of hard wood and throw it forward with the words “fetch!” The animal's instinct will tell you to grab the toy. When this happens, call the dog to you and with the command “give!” make him release the object from his mouth. Give a treat and praise. Training of service dogs follows approximately the same algorithm, only they are looking for a specific object. Small dogs are not usually taught the fetch command.
"Place". The command is necessary to indicate the dog to its place in a particular case. This can be in any room or outside. “Place” is the area where she should wait for her owner. This exercise is taught in combination with the “exposure” command. If the dog leaves the specified place, punish him without permission. There is no need to hit with your hands, as dog handlers say, you will beat your hands off, because a dog’s body is less sensitive to pain than a human’s. It’s better to order “place!” in a stern voice. and reinforce your words with a blow from the leash. After following the instructions, praise and give a treat.
"Fas!" This command is best taught to the dog after you have achieved complete obedience from him, and it is best to do this in a special training center. There, as a rule, there is the necessary equipment - protective suits and bandages. Besides, in in this case You will need the help of a volunteer assistant. Training should begin when the dog has grown and become physically stronger. Around 10-12 months.

When bringing a small puppy into your home, you need to understand that with the advent of a dog, the life of the family will completely change. It is important to remember that the little teddy bear will soon grow into an adult independent dog. Miseducation a small puppy is fraught with negative consequences.

Self-training dogs is the process of developing in a dog certain skills necessary for a person. Training is mandatory for any dog.
Before getting a new furry family member, it is important to fully understand: is a dog necessary? It often happens: while the puppy is small, we are touched, play and take care of it. Once the baby grows up, the furry family member becomes unnecessary. Often an untrained adult dog becomes dangerous. If you are confident in your heart that you need a dog in your home, you should adhere to the rules for raising a puppy.

Dogs that are obedient and well-behaved and know the basic commands “fu” and “come” need to consolidate their skills on an area where distractions are specially created. Pets that are not given enough time to raise them behave unpredictably. A dog whose behavior the owner is unable to influence will become a cause of conflict. The owner is responsible for the conflict.

For dogs small breeds There are quite enough commands for training dogs: “Fu”, “Come to me”, “Nearby”, “Sit”, “Place”, “Lie down”, “Stand”.

Dogs of medium and large breeds must be trained in a full general training course, where, in addition to obedience commands, they learn the carrying of objects and overcoming obstacles. Commands develop the animal's strength, agility and confidence.

When a puppy appears in the house, a nickname is required. Without a name, it is impossible to raise a dog in the right way.

Basic principles of dog training

As a rule, the role of the trainer is performed by the owner of the animal. To know, the owner and the dog must have strong contact. A person who has the right approach to interacting with a dog should:

The pet treats the person trustingly, completely obeys and is not afraid - this means that the owner has fully mastered the basics of dog training, and there is no reason to worry about the reaction to the full course of training.

Training dogs up to six months old

There's a puppy at home and a baby, and the idea of training seems absurd. Such thoughts are wrong. A young dog is more willing to train adult. You will need to establish contact with the animal and show the dominance of the owner. Of course, you shouldn’t expect special perseverance from the puppy; training takes place in the form of a game. The goal is to make friends with the dog and interest it. At the beginning of the course, you should not expect that the animal will unquestioningly follow commands; at the initial stage, it is necessary to get the puppy to react correctly and perform, even if it is not clear and perfect enough. Initial training and education are closely intertwined. Success depends on living conditions and training.

Self-training dogs begins with teaching them to go to the toilet in a specific place. Until the baby is vaccinated, you should not take it outside. After feeding, take it to a diaper or a special cloth so that the puppy can go to the toilet there. Gradually, the dog will begin to run to the place on its own when it wants to. After your dog relieves himself, praise him and give him something tasty.

There are two commands necessary for the baby - a nickname and the word “fu”. When the puppy hears the name, it should run up. The word "fu" means that the dog should immediately stop what he is doing. Don't even think about scolding or punishing your dog. Dogs do not understand why people punish. If the command is executed incorrectly, simply do not focus attention. A correctly executed command should be reinforced with praise, affection and treats. Have the basics been learned? Move on to complex actions.

Training an adult dog

If you do not have training skills, it is worth mastering several methods of a regular course for dogs. The first method is the standard one, when the dog responds to voice commands. The method is well-known and has been practiced in countries for a long time. There is clicker training for dogs. Let's talk about the method in more detail.

Clicker training is used in home, service, and sports training of animals, as well as in the training of guide dogs and assistants for the disabled.

Clicker training is a new type of training that involves conditioned positive reinforcement, which is implemented through an audio signal. A clicker is a special keychain equipped with a clicking button. The click is used to let the dog know that the animal is doing what is required correctly. The training method eliminates physical contact and develops a positive reflex in the animal to a specific signal. The click becomes a conditioned positive reinforcer.

The training is designed for the owner to explain to the pet what to do. If the desired result is achieved, the dog is rewarded with affection or a treat; if there is no result, punishment is applied.

Clicker training involves observing the animal. The dog associates the sound of a click with pleasure. To produce positive connection at the signal, the dog is rewarded. If your pet makes a mistake, you just need to wait it out and try again.

The dog has fine hearing, hears the click and quickly learns the connection between fulfilling the requirement and the sound. The animal understands that repeating the desired actions will be accompanied by a click. Gradually, the dog becomes a partner of the owner, facilitating the process of its own learning.

Once the command is learned and the dog quickly performs the action, the reward is given with a treat and the clicker is used to teach the new command.

The role of treats in the animal’s learning process

Treats for dog training are quite welcome. Unlike punishment, this method is not recommended for use on puppies. Using “yummy” helps to teach the dog’s first commands in his life. To reinforce positive behavior in an adult dog, treats are necessary. Tasty morsels help reinforce a positive association with the team.

Wisdom of education

Puppies are cute creatures, but in addition to showing affection, tenderness and love, they also need proper upbringing and competent training.

We'll talk about how to teach your dog commands at home below.

Age to start training. The puppy is raised and accustomed to the rules of behavior in the house from the first moment it arrives in the home. The actual training begins at three months, following the recommended training order.

Some owners think that their dog does not need to be trained unless they attend shows or participate in competitions.

This is a misconception. Training is needed, first of all, in order to discipline the dog and subsequently not experience problems with the pet’s behavior during a walk.

How to train adult dog at home? If the moment is missed - the dog has matured, but does not follow the basic set of commands, classes should also be organized taking into account the pet’s level of development.

Remember Any breed of dog can be trained, regardless of age. Yes, it will take longer to train an adult pet. Before you start training your pet unlearn old habits.

Here basic rules to follow.

The entire training course is divided into stages.
The pet must be encouraged.
The owner shows strength of character during training, under no circumstances resorting to aggressive behavior!
The owner understands the pet’s character and finds him individual approach.

One lesson with a pet lasts no longer than an hour.

It is better to divide the allotted time into intervals with short breaks. They gave a command - the dog complied - let him run and get distracted. In one lesson, the pet performs all the necessary commands.

Preparing for training

Necessary items. At the first lesson, the owner will need a collar, leash and treats.

Choosing a training location. A deserted area that is already familiar to the dog is a good place for training. During training, the owner remains alone with the pet so that there are no distractions. If the owner has chosen an unfamiliar place, the pet must first sniff the surrounding area thoroughly to make sure there is no danger.

Choice of treats. Be sure to stock up on your pet's favorite treat. The opportunity to receive a treat motivates your pet to obey and follow commands well. They take dry food with them, it is comfortable to carry and does not stain clothes. If your pet is not interested in food as a treat, you can purchase special dog biscuits at the store.

If you don't have store-bought treats, you can make your own cookies.

Time for training select according to their plans. It is not recommended to conduct classes in the middle of the day in the summer. But, if this is the only free period of time the owner has, he must stock up on water. Before starting the class, it is advised to give your pet a good walk and run several laps around the stadium with him.

Homeschooling

The commands that form the basis of the training course include the following:

"To me" They are taught first of all together with the skill of responding to a nickname. The pet is called using its nickname, tempted with a treat and praised after completing the command;
"Ugh"– an important command that stops the dog from doing the wrong thing;
"Near". Skill is necessary for the pet to walk next to the owner’s feet;
"Sit"– a common command, the basis for other skills;
"Lie". This skill is learned only after successfully learning the “sit” command;
"Stand". The command is used frequently, but is a little more difficult to teach than the “down” command;
"Give"– effectively prevents the dog from picking up any nasty things from the ground. This is important in the realities of our country, where dog hunters act with impunity, scattering deadly baits;
"Aport." At this command, the pet brings the object thrown by the owner;
"Walk"– used to change activities;
"Place"– a command important for the pet to learn its place in the house;
"Face"– a defensive skill that is taught only after mastering all previous commands.

In addition to this list, small dogs are taught the commands “fu” and “near” and their endurance is developed.

The development of self-control constantly accompanies the education process.

This is one of the main skills, because The dog must be able to control emotions to follow the owner's orders and obey. Read on to learn how to train a dog at home.

Features of training

How to train small dogs? Pets of small breeds are easier to train, because for them a full set of service commands is not mandatory. They love to run around headlong, so First of all, you should master the “come to me” command. The command will prevent the pet from escaping over a long distance.

Tiny pets, for example, are especially loved, which allows them to behave incorrectly, for example, running on beds and clean sheets. For this reason, the next required skill will be execution of the "place" command.

Hunting dog training. Training with hunting dogs has its own specifics. The owner will have to suppress some of the pet's character traits. He must carefully raise and conscientiously train the dog. Between six and nine months of age hunting dog They teach the basics, and from ten months they begin to master special commands.

If the dog doesn't listen. There are situations when a pet does not want to obey and start training, not responding to the owner’s demands and even refusing treats. In this case, the owner should either pat the pet by the scruff of the neck, or sternly pull the collar.

The dog must understand that the owner is the leader. This is not always easy with breeds as serious as or

Do not forget that aggression towards a pet is contraindicated.

Perseverance, consistency and following correct recommendations will help the owner teach the dog all the necessary commands. If you invest a lot of time, attention and love into your pet and go through a general training course with him, you can get the perfect four-legged friend, which is properly raised and devoted to the owner to the tip of the tail.

Additionally, we suggest you watch a video on how to properly train a dog at home:

At the training center "KC Elite" not only provides training and training for puppies or dogs, but also develops your dog's abilities. Dog training according to the teaching method, i.e. operant, a method of inducing and selecting behavior is used. Using this technique, a professional dog trainer achieves joyful and interested execution of commands, which leads to the establishment of contact and trust between the dog and its owner.
This is the method used to train your dog. dog trainer.
The training includes free of charge the basics of animal psychology and proper nutrition dogs.