By implementation in the constituent entities Russian Federation programs to support young disabled people in obtaining vocational education and assistance in subsequent employment for 2016 - 2020.
Currently, scattered measures are being implemented in Russia for the vocational guidance of young disabled people, their training and subsequent employment. The approved Plan will make it possible to systematize the work of regional executive authorities, employment service bodies and educational organizations for the implementation of support programs for people with disabilities.
“This year, the Russian Ministry of Labor will prepare a standard program for supporting young disabled people in employment with the aim of a unified approach to this process,” commented Maxim Topilin, Minister of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation. “The standard program will contain an algorithm for accompanying a disabled person, taking into account impaired body functions.”
“Based on the standard program, regions should prepare their own programs and begin their implementation in 2017,” the head of the Russian Ministry of Labor emphasized.
In accordance with the approved Plan, regional programs will provide for the implementation of such activities as vocational guidance for disabled children, people with disabilities and people with disabilities, inclusive vocational education, promoting the development of entrepreneurial skills among young people with disabilities and others. It is also planned to train specialists from employment services in the specifics of organizing work with people with disabilities.
In the future, work to support young disabled people, according to the Minister, will be carried out on the basis of information from the Federal Register of Disabled Persons, which will include data on the professional potential of a disabled person.
“Based on the results of the implementation of regional programs in 2017-2019, a standard service for accompanying a disabled young person when resolving employment issues will be developed,” said Minister Maxim Topilin. “A unified and mandatory standard for all regions must be approved by 2020.”
For information:
According to the Russian Ministry of Labor, currently about 3.9 million disabled people are of working age. At the same time, 948.8 thousand of them work, or 24% of the total number of disabled people of working age.
The state program “Accessible Environment” for 2011-2020 provides for an increase in the share of employed disabled people of working age in the total number of disabled people of working age to 40% by 2020.
According to the World Health Organization classification, a young disabled person is a disabled person aged 18-44 years. At the same time, the activities of the Plan cover persons from the age of 14, since the Federal Law of July 24, 1998 No. 124-FZ “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation” establishes that the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation carry out measures to ensure vocational guidance, vocational training for children over 14 years of age.
The Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Education and Science decided to help people with disabilities (aged 18 to 44 years) in obtaining vocational education and assist in subsequent employment.
According to the authors, the program is designed for regions. It should include the main indicators and analysis of the social situation with employment, namely: the state of employment of people who are especially in need of social protection and have difficulty finding work; The structure of labor resources should be reflected, including information on employment in the specialty, not in the specialty, and the level of professional education.
This program can be drawn up as an independent document or included in the state program of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation. At the same time, subjects can develop their own separate regional programs.
The list of exemplary activities includes: career guidance for people with disabilities, their support in obtaining vocational education, interaction of resource educational and methodological centers for people with disabilities with universities, development of inclusive education, accompanied by employment promotion.
The program also provides for the holding of a professional skills competition “Abilimpix” in each region. The winners of regional competitions will be able to take part in the national championship of professional skills among people with disabilities “Abilimpix”.
The effectiveness of the program is expected to be assessed using performance indicators. These include the proportion of those who found a job within 3 and 6 months after receiving higher or secondary education; the share of those who found a job within 3 months after completing additional professional programs (professional development programs and professional retraining programs); The level of remuneration of employed graduates is also taken into account.
Meanwhile, the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation has changed the rules for servicing people with limited mobility when transporting passengers and luggage by road and urban ground electric transport, reports ROOI Perspektiva.
According to the amendments, the standard of accessibility of stopping points, bus stations and bus stations for people with limited mobility has changed, as well as the accessibility of the vehicles themselves that regularly transport passengers along established routes. The changes also affected the assessment of the quality of transport services for the population and its accessibility.
Now all bus terminals and bus stations that are served by regular transport routes must meet the requirements of an accessible environment. In addition, all vehicles must be equipped with heating and air conditioning systems: a temperature of at least 12 degrees Celsius when the average daily outside air temperature is below 5 degrees Celsius, no more than 25 degrees Celsius when the average daily outside air temperature is above 20 degrees Celsius.
Society has faced people with disabilities and the need, one way or another, to solve the many problems that they face throughout its history. As humanity socially and morally “matured,” public views and sentiments changed significantly regarding who disabled people are, what place they should occupy in social life, and how society can and should build its system of relationships with them. An analysis of the history of social mores and ideas suggests that these views changed as follows.
The first idea of how the healthy and strong could and should treat the physically weakened and inferior members of society was the idea of their physical destruction. This was explained, first of all, by the extremely low level economic development society, which did not allow supporting those who could not make a feasible contribution to providing for the tribe, clan and family. Subsequently, such ideas were consolidated by other factors, for example, religious and political. This attitude of society towards the disabled, seriously ill and simply physically weak people lasted for quite a long time. Even in late antiquity one can find echoes of these ideas.
As society develops socially and spiritually, its ideas about man and people change. The emergence and spread of Christianity lead to changes in ideas about value human life. However, it is too early to talk about full and unconditional recognition of equal rights for disabled people as healthy people. Medieval society was characterized by the idea of disabled people as “cursed by God,” which became the basis for the formation of ideas of social isolation of disabled people and hostility towards them.
The next step in the development of ideas about the attitude towards disabled people on the part of healthy people is the idea of the need to attract them to work, if only in order to give disabled people the opportunity to earn a living and, partially, remove this “burden” from society. To a certain extent, these ideas are still quite widespread and authoritative in the public and mass consciousness today.
The current stage of social development is characterized by the formation and rooting in the public consciousness of the understanding that disability cannot and should not be a basis for social isolation and, especially, for social discrimination of a person. Today, in society, the point of view is becoming increasingly authoritative, according to which constant and effective work on the social reintegration and resocialization of persons with disabilities is necessary. Today, society views the problems of disabled people not only as problems of narrow group significance, but as problems that affect the entire society, as universally, socially significant.
The main reasons for this genesis of social thought and public sentiment are:
Increasing the level of social maturity of society and improving and developing its material, technical and economic capabilities;
Increasing intensity of development of human civilization and the use of human resources, which, in turn, leads to a sharp increase in the social “price” of many disorders in human life.
The most important causes and factors of disability in modern society are:
Poverty;
Low level of healthcare development;
Harmful and hazardous conditions labor;
Failed socialization process;
Conflicting norms and values and others.
The sociogenic nature of the causes of disability also gives rise to a lot of problems for this category of people. The main and main one among them is the problem of numerous social barriers that do not allow people with disabilities to actively engage in the life of society and fully participate in it.
The UN Declaration on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted in December 1971 and ratified by most countries of the world, gives the following definition of the concept of “disabled person”: this is any person who cannot independently provide fully or partially his needs for a normal social and personal life due to a disability physical or mental capabilities. This definition can be considered as a basic one, which is the basis for developing those ideas about people with disabilities and disability that are inherent in specific states and societies.
In modern Russian legislation The following definition of the concept of a disabled person has been adopted - “a person who has a health impairment with a persistent disorder of body functions, caused by diseases, consequences of injuries or defects, leading to limitation of life activity and necessitating his social protection.”
Thus, according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, the basis for providing a disabled person with a certain amount of social assistance is a restriction of his life activity system, i.e., a person’s complete or partial loss of the ability for self-care, movement, orientation, control of his behavior and employment.
Disability is a term that combines various impairments, limitations on activity and possible participation in society. Disorders are problems that occur in the functions or structures of the body; activity restrictions are difficulties experienced by a person in performing any tasks or actions; while participation restrictions are the problems experienced by an individual when engaging in life situations. Thus, disability is a complex phenomenon that reflects the interaction of the characteristics of the human body and the characteristics of the society in which this person lives.
The organization of a system of social assistance, support and protection of people with disabilities requires taking into account the “internal” characteristics of this category of people: age, ability to work, ability to move, etc. This defines the main types of disability, which pose quite specific tasks for social workers, doctors, teachers and other specialists. Types of disability can be distinguished and analyzed on a number of grounds.
According to age characteristics:
Disabled children and disabled adults.
By origin of disability:
Disabled people from childhood, war, labor, general illness, etc.
According to the ability to move:
Mobile, immobile and immobile.
By degree of work ability:
Those who are able to work (disabled people of the 3rd group), those with limited ability to work and temporarily disabled (disabled people of the 2nd group), those who are disabled (disabled people of the 1st group).
In accordance with this intra-group stratification of people with disabilities as a social category, society develops and implements appropriate social policies aimed at protecting the interests of this group of people. The main objective of social policy in relation to people with disabilities is to ensure that they have equal opportunities with all citizens to realize their rights and freedoms, eliminate restrictions in their life activities, and create conditions for a normal and fulfilling life. The solution to this problem involves relying on certain fundamental foundations. The basic principles of implementing social policy regarding people with disabilities include:
Social partnership, joint activities for social support and protection of people with disabilities by both state and non-state organizations (public, religious, political);
Social solidarity, which involves the formation and education of healthy and able-bodied citizens to help and support people with disabilities;
Participation aimed at involving people with disabilities themselves in the development of appropriate social and government programs, to solve your own problems;
Social compensation, creating an accessible and comfortable living environment for people with disabilities, providing them with certain benefits and advantages compared to other members of society;
State and public guarantees, suggesting that, regardless of their economic, socio-political and technological state, society and the state will never abandon people with disabilities to their fate and will not deny them social support and assistance.
As noted above, modern society little adapted for the normal and comfortable life of disabled people. Along with purely material and material restrictions, people with disabilities have many difficulties in accessing such social opportunities and benefits as obtaining a prestigious education, highly paid jobs that are in demand on the labor market, and the opportunity to be elected to local government or state authorities. As a result, a disabled person is forced to isolate himself in a rather limited environment, which gives rise to additional problems and difficulties, which social work technologies with this category of the population are aimed at overcoming. The main purposes of their use are:
Overcoming a person's state of helplessness;
Assistance in adapting to new conditions of existence and life;
Formation of a new, adequate living environment for a disabled person;
Restoration and compensation of lost human capabilities and
Functions
These goals determine social technologies that can be used for effective social support and assistance to people with disabilities.
Firstly, it's technology social rehabilitation, allowing you to restore lost functions, capabilities and psychological state and, if possible, return a person to a normal, full and active life. The system of social rehabilitation of disabled people includes such varieties as medical and social, psychological and pedagogical, socio-economic, professional and domestic rehabilitation. The implementation of these types of social rehabilitation allows not only to cure a person and overcome, completely or partially, physical infirmity and weakness, but also to form in him ideas about the need to lead an active life, a new system of labor and professional skills, an adequate everyday and objective environment of existence and to overcome the psychological consequences injury, injury or illness.
Secondly, this is a technology of social security, which represents the participation of the state in the maintenance of its citizens, including people with disabilities, when, for socially significant reasons, they do not have independent means of subsistence, or receive them in quantities insufficient to meet the necessary needs.
Thirdly, this is the technology of social services, i.e., activities for organizing and implementing work aimed at meeting the needs of a disabled person for various social services. In the structure of social assistance, we can distinguish such elements as systematic care for a disabled person, assistance in obtaining the necessary social services, in vocational training and employment, in obtaining an education, assistance in organizing leisure time and communication, etc. Such social technology is closely related to the technology of providing social assistance, which is one-time or short-term actions aimed at eliminating or neutralizing critical and negative life situations.
Social assistance can be provided to a disabled person as emergency or urgent, in the form of social or socio-medical patronage, in hospitals, homes or day care centers and at home.
In modern science, there are a significant number of approaches to theoretical understanding of the problems of social rehabilitation. The term rehabilitation comes from the Late Latin rehabilitatio (re - again, again, habilitas - ability, fitness) and means restoration of ability, fitness. There is no unambiguous definition of this concept.
The semantic load of the concept of “rehabilitation” implies a goal and a process, a method and a result, a concept and a system. Thus, rehabilitation as a process includes activities and steps aimed at achieving specific goals. Rehabilitation as the restoration of ability and fitness is also the goal of this process. Rehabilitation can also be considered as a method, that is, a way to achieve a goal. Rehabilitation is also the result that is achieved in the process of restoration activities.
Historically, the content of the concepts of “disabled person” and “social rehabilitation of disabled people” has changed repeatedly. The term “disabled person” goes back to the Latin root (valid - effective, full-fledged, powerful) and literally means “unfit”, “inferior”. In ancient times, a person with anatomical defects was considered disabled.
In the Middle Ages, this symptom was supplemented by mental disorders, and in the 20th century, disability was identified with impaired body function and loss of ability to work.
Currently, social rehabilitation of disabled people includes a set of measures aimed at restoring the social connections and relationships that have been destroyed or lost by an individual due to health problems. The goal of social rehabilitation is to restore the social status of the individual, ensure social adaptation in society, achieve material independence, the fastest and most full recovery abilities for social functioning.
Understanding the process of social rehabilitation requires consideration of those fundamental, basic processes that introduce people into society, make them capable of participating in social life, or doom individuals to maladjustment and loneliness. The mechanism for including an individual into a social community is known as socialization.
Socialization can be considered as the entry of an individual into society, his introduction to social life. In this process, the inseparability of the dual nature of man, the dualism of the biological and the social, is realized. The introduction of social principles into the biological basis of the human personality includes three elements: education as the purposeful transmission of social values, unconscious perception (internationalization) of social information, the formation of character, emotional structure and other personality traits.
Socialization is a multifaceted process of familiarization with human culture and the life of society, the assimilation of its norms, rules, knowledge; occurs both in conditions of spontaneous influence of various circumstances of life in society, and in conditions of education - the purposeful formation of personality.
Social adaptation is a specially organized process or system of measures aimed at adapting a person in a difficult life situation to the rules and norms of behavior accepted in society and the environment around him by restoring lost functions and social connections.
To conduct the research, it is also necessary to pay attention to the following concepts and definitions:
Disability group – is established for persons recognized as disabled, depending on the degree of impairment of body functions and limitations in life activity (three disability groups are established); Persons under the age of 18 are assigned the category “disabled child”.
Limitation of the vital activity system is a complete or partial loss of a person’s ability to self-care, movement, orientation, control of one’s behavior and employment.
People with special needs are people who, due to certain problems, physical and mental disorders cannot fully participate in the activities of social institutions and receive the support they deserve without the intervention of professionals and other helpers.
Disability means social harm to an individual resulting from limited body functions or disability that prevents the ability to perform a role that is considered normal (depending on age, gender, social and cultural factors).
Social needs are objectively expressed needs and types of interest of social subjects in something necessary for normal life and successful development.
Intellectual defect is an irreversible impairment of thinking (mental retardation).
Mental retardation - a disorder general development, mental and intellectual, caused by insufficiency of the central nervous system, has a persistent, irreversible character.
Social status of young people with disabilities in
Modern Russia
Russia's transition to a fundamentally new socio-economic way of life has put forward the need for the formation of a system of social protection of the population that is most consistent with modern tasks of social development. These tasks include creating decent living conditions for young disabled people, who are unable to fully or partially provide for their life needs without outside help, with a rich, active and satisfying life, and awareness of themselves as an organic part of society. Young disabled people are citizens aged 14-30 years who have health problems caused by diseases, defects, and consequences of injuries. Currently, young people with disabilities are divided into several groups: with intellectual disabilities, with mental illness and early autism, with musculoskeletal disorders, hearing impairment, vision impairment, and with a complex combination of impairments. Disability at a young age can also be defined as a state of persistent social maladaptation caused by chronic diseases or pathological conditions that sharply limit the possibility of a young person’s inclusion in age-appropriate educational, social, political and economic processes; in connection with this, there is a constant need for additional care for him , assistance or supervision.
The main reasons leading to disability at a young age include:
1. Medical and biological (low quality of medical care, insufficient medical activity).
2. Social and psychological (low level of education of the parents of a young disabled person, lack of conditions for normal life and development, etc.).
3. Socio-economic (low material income, etc.).
IN Lately When talking about the situation of young disabled people in Russia, the term “social deprivation” is increasingly used. It implies deprivation, limitation, insufficiency of certain conditions, material and spiritual resources necessary for the survival of young people, due primarily to a low standard of living. Deprivation affects young people with disabilities especially acutely. Disability makes it difficult for a person to have full social contacts, and the lack of a sufficient circle of friends leads to maladjustment, which in turn leads to even greater isolation and, accordingly, to developmental deficiencies.
Behind last years The number of young people with disabilities in the country is constantly increasing. This means that the increase in the number of young disabled people is becoming a problem not only for individuals, or even part of the population, but for society as a whole. The problem of social protection of young disabled people is becoming more acute, which is the activity of the state and society to protect this category of citizens from social dangers and prevent the deterioration of the situation of persons with disabilities.
Disability of young people significantly limits their abilities for self-care, movement, orientation, learning, communication, and work in the future. In addition, disability, whether congenital or acquired, limits the position of a young person in society. Social status is usually determined by an individual's position in a group or a group's relationship with other groups (some scholars use the term "social position" as a synonym for social status). Social status is also a certain set of rights, privileges and responsibilities of a young disabled person. All social statuses are divided into two main types: those that are prescribed to an individual by society or a group, regardless of his abilities and efforts, and those that an individual achieves through his own efforts. Recognition of a person as disabled is associated with the acquisition of a certain social status, which provides social guarantees from the state and at the same time limits a person’s life activity.
The social status of young people with special needs is characterized by certain indicators: health status, financial situation, level of education, specifics of employment and features of the organization of leisure activities.
Based on Russian legislation, a disabled person is called “a person who has a health impairment with a persistent disorder of body functions, caused by a disease, the consequences of injuries or defects, leading to limited life activity and causing the need for his social protection...” (Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons”) in the Russian Federation" dated November 15, 1995). Much attention in the social protection system is paid to the health of young disabled people, as an indicator of their social status. Limitation of a young person’s life activity associated with poor health can occur in childhood (congenital diseases and birth injuries, illnesses and injuries in childhood), as well as in adolescence (chronic diseases, domestic and work injuries, injuries during military service, etc.) d.). Currently, this concept is considered not only as the absence of disease, but also as the psychological and social well-being of a person. The main goal of social services within the framework of an integrated approach to health is to achieve the ability of a young person with disabilities to live independently, productive work and leisure. The mechanism to achieve this goal is rehabilitation, understood as the restoration of health, functional status and ability to work impaired by disease, injury or physical and social factors.
The medical difficulties of young disabled people are associated with a lack of awareness of the diagnosis, the choice of methods, methods and institutions for treatment, pedagogical and mental correction of the young person, and the degree of readiness of parents and the immediate environment to carry out rehabilitation measures at home. In addition to medical indicators, the psychological health of a young disabled person is important. Psychological problems health is caused by the worries of relatives and friends about the outcome of the disease and the fate of the young man, conflicts between parents, with the absence or lack of assistance in caring for the patient from family members and relatives, with a painful perception of the sympathy of others.
An important indicator that determines the social status of a young disabled person is his financial situation. When characterizing the place of young people with disabilities in society, it is necessary to note their low property status. The financial situation of a young disabled person depends not only on the level of wages, but also on cash payments guaranteed by the state (pensions, benefits, insurance payments, compensation). The monthly state cash payment for young disabled people is a pension, which is provided to citizens in order to compensate for the inability to earn an income. In addition, young disabled people have the right to various benefits - benefits in payment for certain services provided by the state, municipality, their institutions or other organizations, exemption from obligations for mandatory payments collected by central and local authorities from individuals and legal entities in budgets of various levels.
The material difficulties of young people with disabilities are solved by social service systems (center for socio-psychological assistance to youth, social rehabilitation center for adolescents and youth, center for vocational guidance and employment of youth, etc.), which undertake additional measures to improve the quality of life of young disabled people and their families. The activities of social services include support, provision of social services and assistance in adaptation and rehabilitation of young disabled people. Particular attention must be paid to assessing their real material needs and the targeted nature of the assistance provided.
Priority, along with the norms on material support (pensions, allowances, benefits), should be the norms that unconditionally provide disabled people with work and appropriate, including vocational, education.
State activities in the field of education of people with disabilities are aimed at introducing flexible mechanisms to meet the educational needs of young people with disabilities and creating conditions for their most effective participation in society. Young people with hearing, vision, speech, intellectual, and musculoskeletal impairments; with psychopathic forms of behavior need special (corrective) education that meets their special educational needs.
In our society for a long time the dominant focus was on training and educating young people with disabilities only within the framework of the state system of special schools and boarding institutions, which led to a limitation of the social status of young people with disabilities:
Artificial isolation of young disabled people in a special society, which often does not contribute to their subsequent adaptation in society;
Rigidity and lack of options in forms of education;
Almost complete exclusion of the family from the process of raising and educating a young person with special needs.
The education of young disabled people plays a decisive role in their professional rehabilitation, since it creates the basis for the implementation of the principle of equal opportunities for people with disabilities. To solve the problems of education for young disabled people, projects are beginning to be implemented to expand distance learning networks based on Internet classes. Such training and subsequent employment allows people with disabilities to realize the concept of independent living, ensures independent income, and is also economically beneficial to the state. Education creates conditions to meet many of the needs of young people with disabilities, and also reduces the processes of marginalization of people with disabilities. However, most educational institutions are still not ready to welcome people with disabilities.
The following difficulties are identified in the field of education for young disabled people. Firstly, the lack of a comfortable environment and special educational programs in educational institutions. Secondly, the lack of training of teaching staff. Thirdly, there is often a biased attitude towards students with disabilities, which does not guarantee equal educational opportunities compared to all students. In recent years, there have been positive trends in solving the problems of education of young disabled people. This is manifested in the emergence of new forms of education. In general, the education of young disabled people is a fundamental value that determines their social status and opportunities for personal self-realization. Creating a system of multi-level integrated education is impossible without a system of special training for teachers aimed at developing skills in dealing with people with disabilities.
Social isolation of young people with disabilities entails reduced chances for effective employment and low socio-economic status. Often, employment is not considered by young disabled people as a worthy alternative to living on a pension. This is due to low and often even minimum wages and the lack of decent working conditions. Vocational training for young disabled people must be carried out for a wider range of vacancies and take into account the needs of regional and local labor markets. To improve the opportunities for young disabled people to enter the labor market, it is necessary to create an institution of “supervision” of disabled people from school to the moment of employment.
Currently, young people with disabilities are in little demand in the labor market; their employment is a significant problem in society, although young people with disabilities have certain prospects for employment in the intellectual sphere and in small businesses. The number of young employed disabled people is decreasing every year. There is a significant discrepancy in the employment situations of different groups disabled people. Young disabled people are more likely than their healthy peers to be employed in blue-collar jobs and are much less likely to hold management positions.
We can highlight the main difficulties in the employment of young disabled people. Firstly, this is the inaccessibility of educational programs and the lack of career guidance for people with disabilities, which has a direct impact on their employment and competitiveness in the labor market. Secondly, specialized enterprises do not have the opportunity to hire everyone who wants to work, since they experience significant difficulties in a market economy. Therefore, the opportunities for labor rehabilitation of young disabled people through employment in specialized enterprises are significantly reduced. Thirdly, hiring a disabled person entails additional costs for organizing the workplace, which affects the employer’s reluctance to cooperate with a young disabled person. These difficulties are solved by employment centers and youth labor exchanges, which not only provide a place of work for young disabled people, but also organize seminars, trainings and courses on vocational guidance and training. The goal of employment policy for young disabled people is their integration into the open labor market. To this end, approaches have been proposed that eliminate the physical inaccessibility of the place of work: the employer must adapt the workplace to the limitations of the young disabled people employed by him or make all workplaces accessible for the employment of disabled people. In case of severe disability, it is proposed to introduce “supportive” (“supportive”) employment, that is, to create special jobs in ordinary enterprises. Social enterprises (non-profit enterprises of the non-state sector) managed by disabled people themselves can become a form of integrated employment for young disabled people, although in practice their effectiveness in this capacity is almost never confirmed. Among the tools for increasing the employment of people with disabilities, we can mention financial incentives for employers, an analysis of the use of which showed that only some payments (for example, subsidies for the arrangement of workplaces) led to an increase in the number of people with disabilities, which implies the need to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of such support programs.
A peculiarity of the organization of leisure for young disabled people is the underdevelopment of the free time infrastructure. Thus, we can highlight the difficulties of organizing leisure time for young disabled people. Firstly, there is a limited number of specialized equipment and places for effective implementation free time. Secondly, there is a lack of training for organizers of leisure activities for people with disabilities, without whom further development of this area is impossible.
An important role in solving the difficulties of organizing leisure time for young disabled people is played by rehabilitation centers and youth affairs agencies, which organize various events, festivals and rallies for this category.
All of the above makes it possible to define the social status of young disabled people as limited. Therefore, the goal of social work with them is the integration of this category into society. The most typical difficulties of young disabled people are related to their state of health, financial situation, characteristics of obtaining an education, specifics of employment and organization of leisure time. All of the above allows us to assert that youth with disabilities are a special social category that requires support from the state. Working with it requires an individual approach to everyone.
In recent years, the social situation of young disabled people has begun to change significantly for the better. Innovative technologies are being introduced into practice to expand opportunities for young disabled people to access information, education and employment, and improve their financial situation.
Creating an accessible living environment for young people with disabilities is integral part social policy of our country, the practical results of which are designed to provide disabled people with equal opportunities with other citizens in all spheres of life, in their social status.
