Ethanol
International nonproprietary name
Dosage form
Solution for external use 90%, 70%, 50 ml, 90 ml, 100 ml
Compound
1 liter of the drug contains 70% 90%
active substance- ethanol 96% 727 ml 937 ml
excipient- purified water up to 1 liter.
Description
Colorless, transparent, volatile, flammable liquid, with a characteristic alcoholic odor and pungent taste. Burns with a blue safe flame. Hygroscopic.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Other antiseptics and disinfectants.
ATX code D08AX08
Pharmacological properties
The local and reflex action of ethanol consists of irritant, astringent and antiseptic effects. After exposure to skin concentrated solutions ethyl alcohol(70% and 90%) an astringent effect occurs due to the denaturation of tissue proteins. The tanning effect of alcohol on the skin reduces its sensitivity and sweating, promoting analgesia and stopping itching.
The antiseptic effect is associated with the denaturation of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins of microbial cells. The bacterial flora is most sensitive to ethanol. The most optimal concentration for the bactericidal effect of the drug is 70%. At higher concentrations, the tanning (astringent) effect of alcohol on tissue structures complicates its diffusion, and the depth of the antiseptic effect decreases.
Indications for use
Hand treatment, surgical instruments, surgical field
Prevention of bedsores in bedridden patients, wiping, compresses
Directions for use and doses
Externally for wiping: applied to the skin using cotton swabs and napkins.
They make compresses.
Side effects
Allergic reactions
Irritation and burns of the skin, mucous membranes and respiratory tract
When applied externally, it is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes and can have a resorptive general toxic effect (CNS depression).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to ethanol
Drug interactions
When taken orally, it potentiates the effects of drugs that depress the central nervous system. nervous system.
special instructions
For compresses (to avoid burns), ethanol should be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:1 (70%, 90%).
To sterilize surgical instruments, undiluted 95% alcohol is used.
Pregnancy and lactation
Use with caution.
Use in pediatrics
Can be used in childhood for compresses diluted 1:4 (alcohol and water) - for a 90% solution, 1:3 (alcohol and water) - for a 70% solution.
When used externally, ethanol is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, which must be taken into account when using it in children.
Features of the effect of the drug on the ability to drive vehicle or potentially dangerous mechanisms
Does not affect
Overdose
At local application overdose is unlikely.
If taken orally, acute intoxication may develop.
Symptoms: tachycardia, metabolic acidosis, pulmonary edema, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, convulsions, depression of the functions of the central nervous system. Death can occur as a result of paralysis of the respiratory center.
Treatment: administration of analeptics is inappropriate; it is carried out artificial ventilation lungs with oxygen supplementation, cardiac glycosides are prescribed, ACE inhibitors. If renal function is preserved and there are no signs of heart failure and pulmonary edema, forced diuresis can be used. Hypoglycemia and ketosis are corrected by administering glucose.
Release form and packaging
Instructions for medical use
medicine
Ethanol70%
Cethyl pirt 90%
Tradename
Ethyl alcohol 70%
Ethyl alcohol 90%
International nonproprietary name
Dosage form
Liquid 70% and 90%, 50 ml
Compound
1 liter of the drug contains
Description
Colorless, transparent, volatile, flammable liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor and pungent taste.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Other antiseptics and disinfectants. Ethanol.
ATX code D08AX08
Pharmacological properties
The local and reflex action of ethanol consists of irritant, astringent and antiseptic effects. After exposure of the skin to concentrated solutions of ethyl alcohol (70% and 90%), an astringent effect occurs due to the denaturation of protein tissues. The tanning effect of alcohol on the skin reduces its sensitivity and sweating, promoting analgesia and stopping itching.
The antiseptic effect is associated with the denaturation of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins of microbial cells. The bacterial flora is most sensitive to ethanol. The most optimal concentration for the bactericidal effect of the drug is 70%. At higher concentrations, the tanning (astringent) effect of alcohol on tissue structures complicates its diffusion, and the depth of the antiseptic effect decreases.
Indications for use
IN medical practice Ethyl alcohol is used primarily as an external antiseptic and irritant for rubdowns and compresses.
Treatment of the surgeon's hands, surgical field, and medical instruments.
Directions for use and doses
Externally - applied to the skin using cotton swabs or napkins. They make compresses.
Allergic reactions
Irritation and burns of the skin, mucous membranes and respiratory tract
May have a resorptive general toxic effect
CNS depression
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the drug
Drug interactions
When taken orally, it potentiates the effect of drugs that depress the central nervous system.
special instructions
For compresses (to avoid burns), ethanol should be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1 (70%, 90%).
Pregnancy and lactation
Use with caution
Childhood
It is possible to use in children for compresses in a dilution of 1: 4 (alcohol and water) - for a 90% solution, 1: 3 (alcohol and water) - for a 70% solution.
To sterilize surgical instruments, undiluted 95% alcohol is used.
Overdose
Antiseptic. When applied externally, it has an antimicrobial effect. Active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and viruses. Denatures proteins of microorganisms.
Antiseptic activity increases with increasing ethanol concentration.
To disinfect the skin, use a 70% solution, which penetrates into the deeper layers of the epidermis better than 95% and has a tanning effect on the skin and mucous membranes.
When used systemically, it has the ability to cause analgesia and general anesthesia. The most sensitive to ethanol are the cells of the central nervous system, especially the cells of the cerebral cortex, on which ethanol causes characteristic alcoholic excitation associated with a weakening of inhibition processes. Then there is also a weakening of excitation processes in the cortex, depression of the spinal and medulla oblongata with suppression of the activity of the respiratory center.
Is a solvent for a number medicines, as well as an extractant for a number of substances contained in medicinal plant materials.
Pharmacokinetics
Ethanol is metabolized in the liver with the participation of the CYP2E1 isoenzyme, of which it is an inducer.
Indications
Treatment of inflammatory skin diseases V initial stage(furuncle, felon, mastitis); treatment of the surgeon’s hands (Furbringer, Alfred methods), surgical field (including in persons with hypersensitivity to other antiseptics, in children and during operations on areas with thin skin in adults - in the neck, face).
As a local irritant drug.
For the manufacture of dosage forms for external use, tinctures, extracts.
Conservation of biological material.
Dosage regimen
It is used depending on the indications and dosage form.
Side effect
Allergic reactions, skin burns, hyperemia and soreness of the skin at the site of application of the compress. When applied externally, it is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes and may have a systemic toxic effect (CNS depression).
Contraindications for use
Hypersensitivity to ethanol.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Use during pregnancy and lactation is permitted if the benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and child.
Use in children
Overdose
No data available.
Drug interactions
When used simultaneously, it enhances the effect of drugs that have a depressant effect on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, respiratory center.
When taken orally with drugs that have an inhibitory effect on the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (which is involved in the metabolism of ethyl alcohol), the concentration of ethanol metabolite, acetaldehyde, increases, causing flushing, nausea, vomiting, general malaise, tachycardia, and decreased blood pressure.
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
On prescription.
Storage conditions and periods
In a well-closed container, away from sources of bulk, at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children. Shelf life - 2 years.
special instructions
Should not be taken orally during drug treatment.
When used externally, ethanol is partially absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes, which should be taken into account when used in children.
