Vomiting (Emesis, Vomitus) is a complex reflex act caused by irritation of the vomiting center, in which the contents of the dog’s stomach are thrown out through the oral cavity.
Vomiting is most often a protective reaction of the dog’s body from harmful and life-threatening substances that have entered the digestive tract (poisonous, toxic, inedible substances and foreign bodies), and sometimes is a symptom of diseases dangerous to the dog.
Based on its origin, it is customary to distinguish between reflex and central vomiting.
Central vomiting in a dog occurs when the vomiting center is directly irritated by poisons and toxins that enter the dog’s blood during infectious diseases and some poisonings.
Causes of vomiting in dogs
Vomiting in dogs can be caused by:
- Infectious disease (parainfluenza, tuberculosis, etc.).
- Helminths in dogs ().
- Various diseases gastrointestinal tract(gastritis, peptic ulcer, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, colitis). Toxicosis of pregnancy.
- Oncological diseases, especially of the stomach and intestines.
- Kidney failure.
- Eating green grass.
- A variety of toxins that have entered the digestive tract, medications, pesticides, etc.
- Eating low-quality, as well as fatty foods, overeating, foreign objects.
- Various food poisonings.
- Severe stressful situation.
- Defeat of the central nervous system.
Clinical picture.
The main symptom of the disease is vomiting in the dog. Usually, vomiting is preceded by the dog's nausea, the dog often licks its muzzle, profuse salivation is observed, the dog refuses food and does not want to drink water, upon examination the dog is noted to be restless, and it begins to move chaotically. The dog periodically makes loud burps, and we note rumbling in the stomach. Before the appearance of vomiting in a dog, owners sometimes note a disorder in the gastrointestinal tract - constipation.
Periodic vomiting of undigested food in dogs occurs in diseases of the digestive system, food poisoning, overeating. The disease in dogs usually progresses indolently, with periodic periods of exacerbation. At the same time, most of the time the dog is active, cheerful and cheerful. Why owners don't apply for veterinary care to the veterinary clinic.
Vomiting blood the dog indicates the presence of a serious illness. The vomit is colored with scarlet blood, the blood is liquid, we note individual inclusions of blood. This symptom occurs when the mucous membrane of the stomach or esophagus is damaged by a sharp object swallowed by a dog (a splinter of bone, a nail, etc.). If a dog vomits blood and comes out in the form of brown clots, then this tells the dog owner about the presence of an ulcer in the stomach, liver disease, kidney failure, or neoplasm. When an infectious disease occurs, the dog's body temperature rises and the dog becomes lethargic. If there is blood in the vomit, the dog owner should immediately contact a veterinarian.
Vomiting with bile happens in a dog if there is intestinal obstruction, stomach ulcers and liver infections, . In the summer, the dog tends to eat while walking. green grass, after which the dog vomits.
Vomiting and unpleasant odor from the dog's mouth. With a number serious illnesses The dog may vomit. With these diseases, the dog appears. Such diseases include renal failure- in which from oral cavity smells like ammonia or urine. – there is an acetone or sweet smell. In case of diseases of the gums, teeth, and intestines, a rotten smell emanates from the dog’s mouth.
For vomiting, diarrhea and elevated body temperature The dog owner should know that these symptoms occur in dogs as a result of poisoning or indicate an acute infectious disease - leptospirosis in dogs, canine distemper, parvovirus enteritis. In this case, you should immediately contact a veterinary clinic.
Vomiting in dogs when traveling in a car. This type vomiting occurs as a result of stress suffered by the dog during a trip to the veterinary clinic, when moving to another area, to an exhibition, etc. Puppies especially often feel sick and vomit, which is the result of a disorder in the functioning of the vestibular apparatus.
First aid for a dog when vomiting at home
Depending on the cause, frequency of vomiting, as well as the age of the animal, in order not to irritate the gastric mucosa, the dog is not given food for several hours, sometimes up to 24 hours. Then the dog is given food in small portions. If the dog no longer vomits, the dog must be kept on a diet for several days.
The cause of one-time vomiting in a dog is usually the dog’s natural need to empty its stomach of excess, undigested food.
When you independently managed to find out the cause of vomiting in your dog - a quick change in feeding diet or during a walk your dog ate garbage or picked up random garbage, then you need to return to the previous feeding diet. In the future, each change of food for your dog must be carried out gradually; during daily walks, do not allow your dog to dig through garbage containers and pick up foreign objects on the street. If your dog ate green grass during a walk, and this led to the dog vomiting, then you should not worry because... This is a kind of self-medication.
In the event that your dog’s vomiting does not stop, but periodically after a certain period of time vomiting with blood, bile, white foam, etc. appears. and if in addition the dog has diarrhea and elevated temperature, then you need to urgently contact a veterinary clinic.
Diagnosis of the cause of vomiting in your dog is possible only in conditions veterinary clinic.
Your dog will undergo a full clinical examination at the veterinary clinic. They'll take it general analysis blood, as well as blood to the veterinary laboratory if one or another is suspected infection to exclude vomiting infectious origin. They will do an ultrasound of the organs abdominal cavity, as well as a radiograph. If vomiting of helminthic etiology is suspected, feces will be taken to the veterinary laboratory to determine the type of helminth.
Treatment of vomiting in a dog
Treatment of vomiting in a dog begins with setting it on a starvation diet. When establishing the cause of vomiting, we prescribe treatment aimed specifically at this disease - when helminthic infestation, appropriate anthelmintic drugs, for vomiting of infectious origin - appropriate serums and titrated antibiotics. For vomiting caused by poisoning with one or another compound, appropriate antidotes. In case of vomiting caused by stress, we eliminate stressful situation. Mandatory application immunostimulating drugs. To relieve pain in the gastrointestinal tract and spasms, the use of no-spa (Drotaverine) and papaverine is recommended. To bind toxins formed in the intestines, smecta, enterosgel, polysorb and Activated carbon. To reduce acidity in the dog's stomach, give medicinal product omez. In case of continuous vomiting, in order to influence the vomiting center of the central nervous system, cerucal is used, according to the instructions for its use. In the case where prolonged vomiting has led the dog to dehydration, the dog at the veterinary clinic is given a glucose drip, Ringer-Locke solution, etc. is administered.
Depending on the cause of the dog’s vomiting, immediately after the vomiting stops, the dog is put on a gentle diet for a week.
The question of how to remove dog mats is usually asked by owners of long-haired animals. Our smaller brothers are sometimes unable to cope with their hair on their own - they need human help.
How to properly remove mats from a dog
Mats are lumps of matted and matted fur that cause discomfort to the animal by tightening the skin and preventing its normal ventilation. In advanced cases, mats can cover the dog’s entire belly and paws—then the animal has to be shaved bald, which is extremely undesirable.
Unraveling
Apply anti-matt spray(sold at any pet store) to problem areas and begin to unravel the tangle using wide-tooth combs, moving from bottom to top (first the ends of the hair, then higher and higher - this is the only way you won’t hurt the dog). Hold the fur at the roots to avoid pulling on it. You can first stretch the mat slightly to the sides with your hands, and then take the comb to finally remove the dog’s mats. After this, wash the animal and comb thoroughly.
Shaving
If untangling doesn't help, you need a tangle shave carefully with a clipper. You can do this yourself with a little experience. This method of removing mats from a dog is, of course, radical, but it is better than leaving the animal to scramble under a thick “fur coat” of matted fur.
A haircut
You need to trim the tangles only as a last resort- if the matted fur causes pain to the dog, and you have no way to use an electric razor. The fact is that when cutting matted hair, you risk hitting the dog with scissors. After this, he is unlikely to allow you to calmly approach you, even for combing, and you both will have to get used to all cosmetic procedures again.
Prevention
It is necessary to remove tangles from a dog immediately after they appear, but it is best to carry out regular preventative measures - wash and comb your pet as often as required. For example, collie and chow-chow dogs can be brushed at least every day, especially if they actively spend time outside, running on wet grass, playing in the sand, and so on. you will be able to remove tangles from your dog when they are just beginning to form, which means you will not cause pain to your pet. Pay special attention to the abdomen, armpits and ears- This is where wool falls off most often. Choose a good slicker that will not give your dog any discomfort.
Anti-matt shampoo for dogs is an excellent preventive measure, but it rarely helps if dense clumps have already formed on the fur.
After washing, the dog's coat should be dried with a hairdryer, while combing it in the direction of hair growth. Let your dog run only after it is completely dry, as wet fur can become tangled very easily.
Dog mats are a real problem for their owners. Luxurious shaggy hair is the pride of any well-groomed dog and requires regular care and brushing. Only in this way will it be possible to avoid the occurrence of crumpled hair tightly twisted into straws and balls.
Causes
Mats appear for a variety of reasons, listed below:
Wet, washed fur clumps into clumps. The rolling process occurs because after washing the shaggy pet, no one thoroughly wiped it or dried it with a hairdryer. In addition to the appearance of rays, there is a problem of wool overheating, which can lead to unpleasant smell for the entire room;
Soap mats are another common problem in dogs. This problem occurs due to the fault of the owners who, when bathing their pets, soap and rub the fur too hard. To avoid such troubles in the future, shampoo must be applied evenly and smoothly, gently rubbing it into the animal’s skin with your fingers, as if massaging. This way the fur does not get tangled;
Often, tangles appear due to the fault of overly loving owners. By stroking and ruffling your pet's skin, you can easily confuse hairline, which leads to the appearance of tangles; Some veterinarians link matting to disease pet– if, in addition to the mats, dandruff appears on the fur and it has faded, you will have to seek help from specialists and treat the dog.
Now that we know the main reasons for the occurrence of mats, we will directly answer the question - how to comb out mats from a dog and what is required for this.
Prevention of tangles
In order to eliminate tangles with minimal wool loss, you need to do this immediately after they are discovered. It’s even better if combing is done regularly, which will form the basis of prevention. You need to wash and comb your pet's fur as often as necessary. It is advisable to brush some breeds daily, for example, collie, chow-chow. Almost all long-haired breeds need to be combed every day if they roam freely on the street and get caught in burrs, puddles or sand.
In the process, you need to eliminate tangles, only as a last resort by cutting them off with scissors; as soon as they begin to appear, you can easily untangle them. This will avoid causing pain to the animal. Key attention should be paid to the armpits, ear and belly areas, where hair is most prone to matting. For a high-quality result, you need to choose a good powder brush, which minimizes discomfort for the dog.
Anti-tangle shampoo effective prevention, which prevents their formation. The product is ineffective against already formed tangles. In this case, shampoo should be used in parallel with combing. After taking a bath, you need to dry your pet’s fur with a hairdryer, combing out tangles as you go. A dog should not be allowed to run around with wet fur, as it will quickly become tangled.
Secrets of removing tangles
If the tangle is caused by burdock or string getting into the fur, it can only be removed by first thoroughly soaking the plant. In this case, the hooks from the plant will soften and become more amenable to removal.
When chewing gum gets tangled in the fur, do not immediately run for scissors, as the problem can be eliminated with the help of another one. You need to chew the gum and apply it to the previous one, pressing a little to get a homogeneous mass. Next, you need to carefully pull the lump. This method will eliminate the lump almost completely, and it is recommended to wash off the remaining residue with warm water.
If a dense tangle has formed that cannot be untangled, there is no need to cut it out immediately. First, you should use products containing fat. When none of the methods help, it is recommended to cut the lump lengthwise several times and try to untangle it again. This will help keep not all the wool, but at least some of it intact.
Getting rid of crumpled hair
If for some reason it was not possible to keep track of the dog and tangles still formed on the fur, it is necessary to comb them out with the least harm to the animal. To the question - how to comb a dog's mats, there are several answers and tricks that will help a novice dog breeder cope with this trouble. Let's look at the most effective of them:
The soft fur around the ears and armpits, which constantly gets tangled, will be much easier to care for if you sprinkle it with zinc-based talcum powder immediately after brushing. Then, you need to take a dog mat cutter, cut off the matted hair and comb it thoroughly again;
To remove mats, some dog breeders use regular warm water and baby oil to lubricate the problem area. After waiting a while until the wool softens, you can then calmly straighten the hairs with your fingers;
Anti-matt products for dogs should be selected carefully, because some of them are developed exclusively for a specific breed. Using the product not according to the instructions, you can wash the animal’s undercoat, which will negatively affect appearance pet;
Anti-matt spray for dogs, like other hair care products, has one significant drawback - high cost. If you have a show dog, then purchasing the product is rational; if not, you can use folk methods, which have also proven themselves well;
Some professional groomers use expensive cosmetics for people to make working with fur easier. To play it safe, first make a small swab on your dog's belly or chest. Look what happened in that area a day later - in the absence allergic reaction and other diseases, you can safely use this remedy;
An important factor is that before or after washing you comb out the tangles. Many professionals say that it is better to get rid of this scourge when the animal’s fur is dirty. Many cleaning products have a greasy structure; after the procedure, you can safely wash off the excess.
All of the above methods are ideal for combing a long-haired dog. Each method has been tested by many dog breeders and will not cause any harm to your pet. If there is a grooming workshop in your city, it is better to entrust your pet to a team of professionals who, for a reasonable price, will help tidy up the dog’s fur and even crop the dog’s ears, of course, at your request.
About the author: Ekaterina Alekseevna Soforova
Department veterinarian intensive care veterinary center"Northern lights". Read more about me in the "About Us" section.Mats that form on a pet are a real scourge for owners of dogs of long and wire-haired breeds.
Dog breeders often don’t know how to get rid of dog mats. Therefore, it is advisable to use the following methods:
- short haircut;
- trimming hairballs at the very base using scissors;
- cutting the tangle lengthwise and further unraveling it with your hands;
- washing the dog with a special shampoo;
- treatment with anti-tangle liquid, combing.
A couple more secrets:
· If burrs or strings are attached to the wool, they can be removed more easily if they are thoroughly soaked first.
· If chewing gum is stuck to the fur, do not rush to cut it off along with the fur. The gum can be removed using another piece of gum that you just chewed. Place one next to the other and press lightly with your fingers, and then pull out the entire lump. Almost all the chewing gum will be removed, and the remains can be washed off with warm water.
How to get rid of tangles with minimal losses
· Soft fur under the armpits and behind the ears, which is prone to tangles, will tangle much less if, immediately after combing, you generously sprinkle it with regular zinc-based baby powder and comb it again with a slicker brush.
· In order to remove the mat without damaging the wool, it is recommended to moisten it plain water with a little added baby skin oil, and leave it like that for a while. After such a mask, tangled hair can be easily sorted out by hand, without requiring extreme combing.
· Using anti-matt agents industrial production, read the instructions carefully - some of them, designed for certain breeds of dogs, intensively wash out the undercoat, which can negatively affect appearance breeds with rich coats.
Another drawback professional means- their high cost. If the dog has a show ahead, it makes sense to spend money on an expensive bottle, but for home use it is better to use more budget-friendly folk recipes.
· Many groomers use high-quality human hair cosmetics to make it easier to comb the coat. Before applying it to your dog, apply to a small area of skin on the belly or behind the front legs. If after a day there are no signs of allergies, feel free to use the liquid to get rid of the problem.
· A lot depends on when, before or after washing, you comb out the mats. Most groomers are of the opinion that it is better to sort out dirty hair. Anti-tangle products often have a greasy base, and once you detangle your hair, you can easily wash it afterwards. In addition, pulling through washed hair has a negative impact on the condition of the cuticle, which leads to split ends and breakage of the hair.
· If the tangle is so advanced that you can’t do without scissors, don’t rush to radically cut it off right away. Try making a few cuts along the tangle, and then try again to remove it with your hands or a comb. This way you will save some amount of hair, ridding the animal of an ugly bald spot on its body.
Having dealt with all the tangles, carefully comb your pet completely again and try to take care of his fur in the future so that tangles do not form. Indeed, in addition to aesthetic rejection, they also cause considerable suffering to the dog. The best way to deal with tangles is to prevent their appearance.
HOW TO GET RID OF MATTLES IN DOGS
Mats that form on a pet are a real scourge for owners of dogs of long and wire-haired breeds.
The luxurious flowing mane, which is the pride of a show animal, requires daily combing and qualified care. This is the only way you can avoid the appearance of areas matted into difficult-to-disassemble clumps.
The main reasons for the appearance of tangles.
What are the most common causes of hair curling?
1. Kneading wet, clean wool. This happens if a bathed dog with long, thick hair is not dried with a hairdryer after washing, leaving the hair to dry. naturally. In addition to tangles, this drying method also risks overheating the cover.
2. The formation of so-called “water mats” on the pet is considered a frequent occurrence, which appears due to the fault of inexperienced owners who wash and scrub the dog too hard. To avoid this trouble, apply detergent should be gentle, as the hair grows, gently driving it in with the pads of your fingers, and not tangling the hair, trying to wash it better four-legged friend. (I do this with foam that I squeeze out of a sponge, it’s very convenient!!!)
3. Dog clothing can also cause bunching. Most often this happens in places where the body and the seams of the product come into contact. To avoid this, try to buy onesies that are lined with slip fabric. (For show dogs, clothing is not acceptable. You can try wearing silk robes, but then the seams will be bad. outwards, not inwards)
4. Burrs and thorns, which are found in abundance in walking areas, also lead to tangles. It is quite difficult to fight them - when you try to pull them out, the prickly ball breaks up into small segments, which are difficult to pull out of the fur. Some owners recommend examining the dog several times during a walk in order to pull out burrs right away, or, when going to a forest or field, putting a duster on the pet.
5. Most owners, not having any special experience or knowledge in caring for the fur of their four-legged friend, believe that lightly smoothing the hair with a massage brush is quite enough to good condition cover. A comb with short teeth, without penetrating all the way to the body, leaves under the top, well-groomed layer, dense, knitted felt, which, in especially advanced cases, even experienced groomers do not dare to touch. The only way out in this case There will only be a haircut of the animal.
6. Very often, excessive attention to the dog from loving owners leads to the formation of mats. Constant stroking, including against the pet's fur, attempts to ruffle it, or careless games can lead to tangled and then matted areas appearing on the fur.
7. The condition of the coat depends not only on cosmetic care. Health internal organs and the general tone of the dog, as in a mirror, are reflected in its appearance. If, in addition to the increased formation of tangles, your pet’s hair has a dull, lifeless appearance, and the skin is covered with dandruff and crusts, it may be worth checking his well-being. After all, fleas, worms, liver and kidney diseases can also lead to deterioration in the quality of wool.
8. Another common case in which the structure of the coat deteriorates is pregnancy and childbirth of a dog. While the bitch is waiting for puppies, especially in the last stages, the owners, protecting her peace, stop conducting daily cosmetic procedures. Childbirth and the stress associated with it, lactation, small puppies knocking down fur while sucking - all this leads to the formation of multiple tangles, which are extremely difficult to sort out.
Experienced dog breeders recommend, if the quality of the coat allows, to cut the dog's hair as short as possible before giving birth, or, as a last resort, to remove the hair on the dog's belly and around the mammary glands to zero. If, due to the structure of the coat, this is not possible, the dog’s hair is tied up in curlers, taken apart 2-3 times a week, or pinned with rubber bands all over the body, fastening them together.
How to get rid of tangles with minimal losses?
If trouble occurs and tangles do appear, the main thing is to get rid of them with the least possible losses. It's no secret that show wool is extremely demanding. careful attitude, and simply cutting off a piece would be a big loss for the animal’s hairstyle.
Experienced owners of dogs of long-haired breeds know many little tricks that will help them emerge victorious in the fight against insidious mats. Here are the most effective of them:
1. Soft hair under the armpits and behind the ears, which is prone to tangles, will tangle much less if, immediately after combing, generously sprinkle it with regular zinc-based baby powder and comb it again with a slicker brush.
2. In order to remove the mat without damaging the wool, it is recommended to moisten it with plain water with a small addition of baby skin oil, and leave it like that for a while. After such a mask, tangled hair can be easily sorted out by hand, without requiring extreme combing. (fortunately, there are now plenty cosmetics for dogs that will help you sort out tangles with minimal losses).
3. When using industrial anti-matt products, carefully read the instructions - some of them, designed for certain breeds of dogs, intensively wash out the undercoat, which can negatively affect the appearance of breeds with a rich coat (Pekingese, Shih Tzu).
4. Another disadvantage of professional products is their high cost. If the dog has a show ahead, it makes sense to spend money on an expensive bottle, but for home use it is better to use more budget-friendly folk recipes.
5. Many groomers use high-quality human hair cosmetics to make it easier to comb the coat. Before applying it to your dog, apply to a small area of skin on the belly or behind the front legs. If after a day there are no signs of allergies, feel free to use the liquid to get rid of the problem.
6. A lot depends on when, before or after washing, you comb out the mat. Most groomers are of the opinion that it is better to sort out dirty hair. Anti-tangle products often have a greasy base, and once you detangle your hair, you can easily wash it afterwards. In addition, pulling through washed hair has a negative impact on the condition of the cuticle, which leads to split ends and breakage of the hair.
However, those who prefer to disassemble the dog after washing also give their arguments. According to them, a dirty undercoat is much more difficult to comb than a clean one, and besides, a universal hair dryer compressor, with which you can quickly and easily dry a dog, will help you break up an unruly tangle with a stream of air, which you previously combed with a special comb. To understand which method is right for you, you need to try to put both options into practice, and then choose the most acceptable one.
7. If the tangle is so advanced that you can’t do without scissors, don’t rush to radically cut it off right away. Try making a few cuts along the tangle, and then try again to remove it with your hands or a comb. This way you will save some amount of hair, ridding the animal of an ugly bald spot on its body.
Having dealt with all the tangles, carefully comb your pet completely again and try to take care of his fur in the future so that tangles do not form. Indeed, in addition to aesthetic rejection, they also cause considerable suffering to the dog.
