Social service institutions for the elderly and disabled. Social services for elderly and elderly people

Kinds social services elderly citizens and disabled people:

1. Social services at home.

Social services at home are one of the main forms of social services, aimed at maximizing the possible extension of the stay of elderly citizens and people with disabilities in their usual social environment in order to maintain their social status, as well as to protect their rights and legitimate interests.

Contraindications for admission to service are: mental illness in the acute stage, chronic alcoholism, venereal, quarantine infectious diseases, bacterial carriage, active forms of tuberculosis, as well as other serious diseases requiring treatment in specialized healthcare institutions.

Based on documents submitted by citizens or their legal representatives (application, medical report, income certificate), as well as a material and living examination report, the Commission for Assessing the Need for Social Services makes a decision on acceptance for service.

Home care is provided through the provision of paid social services included in the federal and territorial lists of state-guaranteed social services provided by government agencies, as well as additional social services not included in these lists. These services are performed Social worker visiting the person being served.

An agreement for the provision of social services at home is concluded with the person being served or his legal representative, which specifies the types and volume of services provided, the time frame within which they must be provided, the procedure and amount of payment, as well as other conditions determined by the parties.

2. Semi-permanent service.

Semi-stationary social services include: social, medical and cultural services for the disabled and elderly, organizing their meals, recreation, ensuring their participation in feasible work activities and maintaining an active lifestyle.

Recipients of public services can be persons who have retained the ability for self-care and active movement, and who simultaneously meet the following conditions:

• 1) citizenship Russian Federation, and for foreign citizens and stateless persons - availability of a residence permit;
• 2) presence of registration at the place of residence, and in the absence of the latter - registration at the place of stay;
• 3) having a disability or reaching old age (women - 55 years old, men - 60 years old);
• 4) the absence of diseases that are medical contraindications for semi-stationary social services in departments day stay.

The decision to enroll in semi-stationary social services is made by the head of a social service institution on the basis of a personal written application from an elderly or disabled citizen and a certificate from a health care institution about his state of health.

Semi-stationary social services are provided by day (night) departments created in municipal social service centers or at government agencies social protection population.

3. Inpatient social services.

Inpatient social services for disabled and elderly people held in social protection institutions have the following features:

Inpatient social services are provided in boarding homes for the elderly and disabled, boarding homes for the disabled, and psychoneurological boarding schools.

Citizens of retirement age (women over 55 years old, men over 60 years old), as well as disabled people of groups I and II over 18 years old, are accepted into boarding homes, provided that they do not have able-bodied children or parents obligated to support them;

Only disabled people of groups I and II aged 18 to 40 who do not have able-bodied children and parents obligated by law to support them are accepted into boarding homes for the disabled;

The children's boarding home accepts children from 4 to 18 years old with mental or physical development abnormalities. At the same time, it is not allowed to place disabled children with physical disabilities in inpatient institutions intended for the residence of children with mental disorders;

The psychoneurological boarding house accepts persons suffering from chronic mental illnesses who need care, household services and medical care, regardless of whether they have relatives obliged by law to support them or not;

Persons who systematically violate internal regulations, as well as persons from among especially dangerous criminals, as well as those involved in vagrancy and begging, are sent to special boarding houses;

Inpatient institutions provide not only care and necessary medical assistance, but also rehabilitation measures of a medical, social, domestic and medical-labor nature;

An application for admission to a boarding home, along with a medical card, is submitted to a higher-level organization social security, which issues a ticket to a boarding house. If a person is incapacitated, then his placement in a stationary institution is carried out on the basis of a written application from his legal representative;

If necessary, with the permission of the director of the boarding home, a pensioner or disabled person may temporarily leave the social service institution for a period of up to 1 month. A permit for temporary departure is issued taking into account a doctor’s opinion, as well as a written commitment from relatives or other persons to provide care for an elderly or disabled person.

4. Urgent social services.

Urgent social services are provided to provide one-time emergency assistance to disabled people in dire need of social support.

The following can apply for help: unemployed singles and people living alone, low-income pensioners and disabled people. Families consisting of pensioners, in the absence of able-bodied family members, if the average per capita income for the billing period is below the pensioner’s subsistence level, which changes quarterly; citizens who have lost close relatives without former place work to prepare documents for receiving funeral benefits.

The person applying for help must have the following documents: passport, pension certificate, work book, certificate of disability (for citizens with disabilities), certificate of family composition, certificate of pension amount for the last three months.

Urgent social services are provided by municipal social service centers or departments created for these purposes under the social protection authorities.

5. Social advisory assistance.

Social advisory assistance to people with disabilities is aimed at their adaptation in society, easing social tension, creating favorable relationships in the family, as well as ensuring interaction between the individual, family, society and the state.

Social advisory assistance to people with disabilities is focused on their psychological support, increased efforts in solving their own problems and provides for:

• - identification of persons in need of social advisory assistance;
• - prevention various kinds socio-psychological deviations;
• - working with families in which disabled people live, organizing their leisure time;
• - advisory assistance in training, vocational guidance and employment of people with disabilities;
• - ensuring coordination of the activities of government agencies and public associations to solve the problems of people with disabilities;
• - legal assistance within the competence of social service authorities;
• - other measures to form healthy relationships and create a favorable social environment for people with disabilities.

The organization and coordination of social advisory assistance is carried out by municipal social service centers, as well as social protection authorities, which create appropriate units for these purposes.

social life rehabilitation

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1 FEDERAL STATE AUTONOMOUS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION "BELGOROD STATE NATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY" (NIU "BelSU") FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND THEOLOGICAL FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK ORGA DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES FOR ELDERLY CITIZENS AND DISABLED CITIZENS IN THE CONDITIONS OF AN COMPREHENSIVE CENTER FOR SOCIAL SERVICES TO THE POPULATION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS Thesis work of a correspondence student, direction 03/39/02. Social work 5th year group 87001152 Kosenko Svetlana Aleksandrovna Scientific supervisor Ph.D. Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Work Kulabukhov D.A. Reviewer: Director of the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District” L.T. Gamayunova BELGOROD 2016

2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 1. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR STUDYING SOCIAL SERVICES FOR ELDERLY CITIZENS AND DISABLED CITIZENS IN THE CONDITIONS OF AN COMPREHENSIVE CENTER FOR SOCIAL SERVICES TO THE POPULATION 10 1.1. Social services for elderly citizens and disabled people: essence and specifics 10 1.2. Forms of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population 28 2. ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL SERVICES FOR ELDERLY CITIZENS AND DISABLED CITIZENS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MBSUSOSSZN “COMPLETE CENTER FOR SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE POPULATION OF VOLOKONOVSKY DISTRICT” 36 2.1. Problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population 36 2.2. Recommendations for improving social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population 62 CONCLUSION 68 REFERENCES 74 APPENDIX 80

3 INTRODUCTION Relevance of the study. Currently, measures to improve social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are among the priority areas of state social policy. In the Belgorod region, a network of social service institutions for elderly citizens and the disabled has been developed. An important role in the development of new technologies for serving elderly citizens and people with disabilities belongs to integrated social service centers. At the same time, the need to coordinate the efforts of state and public structures in solving socio-economic, family, everyday, psychological and other problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities is becoming more and more obvious. Social service - activities social services on social support, provision of social, social, medical, psychological, pedagogical, social and legal services and material assistance, carrying out social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations. The concept of “social assistance” is often used as a synonym for the concept of “social service”. Along with social security, social insurance, employment promotion, as well as healthcare, education, culture, housing and communal services, social services are among the branches of the social sphere. The peculiarities of economic services necessitate the participation of the social state and philanthropists in the organization and financing of these services. State participation in the provision of social services is designed to ensure the implementation of the principles of social justice and resolve the problems of insufficient information and irrationality of consumer choice.

4 Everywhere the state has created institutions to provide certain types of social services to elderly citizens and people with disabilities. As a rule, in state institutions social services are provided free of charge or for a fee that only partially reimburses expenses. IN different countries social service systems vary significantly. In Russia, social reforms are being carried out at the federal, regional and local levels, which sometimes take place without sufficient elaboration social consequences. They also seriously affect the sphere of social services for the elderly and disabled. The organization of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people is given increasing importance in our country every year; it is considered as an extremely necessary addition to cash payments, significantly increasing the efficiency of the entire state social security system. Social policy in relation to elderly citizens and people with disabilities, its scope, direction and content throughout the history of the country were influenced and determined by socio-economic and specific socio-political tasks facing society at one or another stage of its development. The allocation in the general structure of social policy of a special direction - social services relating to the well-being and health of elderly citizens and people with disabilities, is due to rather specific conditions and lifestyles, the characteristics of their needs, as well as the level of development of society as a whole. The social service system covers a wide range of services, in particular, medical care, maintenance and service in boarding schools, home care for those in need of care, housing and communal services, leisure activities, etc. . In the field of social services, the possibility of exercising the right to receive it often depends on the decision of the competent authority, since the whole

5, a number of social services provided in this area are still among the scarce ones, not guaranteed to absolutely every elderly and disabled person. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities should be focused on ensuring the availability of basic social services and guarantees for elderly citizens and people with disabilities, regardless of their place of residence. Social vulnerability of elderly citizens and people with disabilities is associated primarily with their physical condition, the presence of diseases, and decreased motor activity, the presence of a psychological factor that forms contact with other segments of the population. Therefore, elderly citizens and people with disabilities are the least protected and most socially vulnerable part of society. The degree of scientific development of the problem. Social work with older citizens was studied by M.D. Alexandrova E.I. Kholostova and V.D. Alperovich, other domestic G.S. Alekseevich, scientists. B.G. Ananyeva, In the works of A.V. Dmitrieva, S.G. Markovina, N.V. Panin, touches on complex and multifaceted problems of social services for elderly citizens and the disabled. E.V. Karyukhin, O.V. Krasnova, E.I. Kholostova and other authors reveal the gerontological aspects of the problem, focus on social work with elderly citizens, consider problems associated with health disorders in elderly citizens, human adaptation to old age, describe the methods and principles of social work and medical and social services for elderly citizens. Historical aspects of the problem are analyzed in the works of such authors as O.V. Ergaeva, N.G. Kovaleva, E.A. Kurulenko I.A. Litvinov, M. Mead and some others. The authors analyzed the situation and

6 social status of older citizens in different societies and at different historical moments. The above works highlight various aspects of the situation of elderly citizens and people with disabilities, the theory and practice of their social services, explore the problems of developing positive attitudes in society towards elderly citizens and people with disabilities, and reveal opportunities for improving their standard of living. A fairly large group of publications on the problem under study consists of articles in scientific and popular science magazines (“Socium”, “Social Work”, “Social Worker”, etc.), which highlight the problems of older people and people with disabilities and ways to solve them ( T.V. Karsaevskaya, A. Komforsh, E.L. Rosset, E.A. Sigida, V.D. Shapiro, A.T. Shatalov, etc.). The object of the study is social services for elderly and disabled citizens in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population. The subject of the study is the specifics of organizing social services for elderly citizens and disabled people at the municipal level. Purpose of the study: to reveal the specifics of the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population and to develop recommendations for its improvement. The achievement of this goal is facilitated by solving the following tasks: 1) to identify the specifics of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population; 2) study the features of the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District”;

7 3) diagnose the problems of organizing social services for elderly and disabled citizens in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population and develop recommendations for its improvement. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the basic conceptual provisions of theories about the individual as a subject of activity and the highest social value, the concept of a person-oriented approach, the idea of ​​humanization and democratization of the social protection system for older people in modern Russia. As well as social approaches in the history and theory of social work with elderly citizens and people with disabilities, presented in the studies of I.G. Zainyshev and E.I. Single. The activity approach in the history and definition of the essence of social work with older citizens is presented in the concept of L.G. Guslyakova, in her opinion, “social work is defined as a type of social activity, as a system of social protection, as the activities of government organizations and individuals to provide assistance, as activities to restore and preserve the psycho-mental and social connections of the individual with the environment.” Research methods: theoretical – analysis of literature and official statistics on the research topic; analysis of reports from the work of the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District”; empirical – survey method (questionnaire), expert survey. The empirical basis of the study was: - the results of a sociological study by the author “Problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population (using the example of MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District” (November 2015)).

8 - results of secondary analysis of sociological studies conducted in various years by academic institutes and research centers of the Russian Academy of Sciences, materials of the Russian monitoring of the economic situation and health of the population, etc. The information base for research into social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities is reflected in various kinds of instructions and provisions aimed at improving the process of social services. The implementation of this process was facilitated by the adoption of federal laws “On the fundamentals of social services for the population in the Russian Federation”, “On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people”, “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”, directly addressed to elderly citizens and disabled people. To develop federal laws, Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation and departmental regulations were adopted regulating the procedure for providing social services to elderly citizens and people with disabilities. In the Belgorod region, various legal acts were adopted (decrees of the head of the regional administration “On the program to improve the quality of life of the population”, “On the program of the regional administration for social support of the low-income population”, “On the procedure and terms of payment for social services provided by state and municipal social institutions services”, the Law of the Belgorod Region “On the Living Wage”, “On the Consumer Basket”, etc.), which made it possible to specify the provisions of federal legislation at the regional level and bring them closer to local conditions. Theoretical and practical significance of the study. The main results and conclusions of the study allow us to expand our understanding of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population.

9 Research materials can be used when teaching courses on social work, social policy, etc. and in the system of training, retraining and advanced training of social work specialists. Approbation of research results. The thesis was commissioned by MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District.” The testing of the research results was carried out during pre-graduation practice on the basis of the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District” and recommended for practical use. Structure thesis includes: introduction, two chapters, conclusion, bibliography and appendix.

10 1. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR STUDYING SOCIAL SERVICES FOR ELDERLY CITIZENS AND DISABLED CITIZENS IN THE CONDITIONS OF AN COMPREHENSIVE CENTER FOR SOCIAL SERVICES TO THE POPULATION 1.1. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities: essence and specifics In domestic literature, elderly citizens are usually considered as a large public, social or socio-demographic group, and sometimes these definitions are combined. Some authors consider them a social group of a non-productive nature: although they do not directly participate in social production, they occupy an important place in the system of diverse social activities. Others argue that older citizens are primarily a socio-demographic group. The social living conditions of older citizens are primarily determined by their health status. Self-esteem is widely used as an indicator of health status. Due to the fact that the aging process does not occur in the same way for certain groups and individuals, self-esteem varies greatly. Another indicator of health status is active life activity, which decreases among older citizens due to chronic diseases, deterioration of hearing, vision, and the presence of orthopedic problems. The incidence rate of elderly citizens is several times higher than that of young people. Elderly citizens are alarmed about their financial situation, the level of inflation, and the high cost of medical care. Financial situation is the only problem that can compete in its importance with health.

11 Modern theories of aging play an important role in organizing social services for older citizens, because they interpret and generalize experience, information and observational results, and help predict the future. The social worker needs them primarily in order to organize and streamline his observations, draw up a plan of action and outline their sequence. The choice of one theory or another determines the nature and amount of information that the specialist will collect, as well as the methods for organizing interviews with the client. Finally, the theory allows the specialist to “keep his distance,” i.e. objectively assess the situation, the causes of the client’s psychological discomfort, as well as real ways to solve the problem. Consistently applying one or another theory or synthesizing several theoretical principles, a social service employee purposefully fulfills the mission assigned to him - corrects and stabilizes the social functioning of an individual, family, group of organizations. By the way, it is precisely this social orientation that distinguishes social work from friendly participation or related intervention. Social work with older citizens involves the use of theories of liberation, activism, minorities, subculture, age stratification, etc. According to the theory of liberation, in the process of aging people become alienated from those who are younger; In addition, there is a process of liberation of older citizens from social roles - meaning roles related to work, as well as leadership and responsibility. This process of alienation and liberation is due to social situation, in which there are elderly citizens. It can also be considered one of the ways for older citizens to adapt to the limitations of their capabilities and come to terms with the idea of ​​inevitably approaching death. According to liberation theory, social aspect the process of alienation of older citizens is inevitable, since the positions they occupy

12 at some point must pass to younger people who are able to work more productively. The priority direction of social work with older citizens is organizing their living environment in such a way that they always have a choice of ways to interact with this environment. Freedom of choice gives rise to a feeling of security, confidence in the future, and responsibility for one’s own and other people’s lives. Old age in real life is often a period when help and support are needed to survive. Self-esteem, independence and help, which interferes with the implementation of these feelings, come to a tragic contradiction. Elderly citizens sometimes have to give up their independence for the sake of full life, realized in interaction and communication. Elderly citizens also have a problem such as loneliness, the victims of which are more often men than women. This is loneliness that occurs as a result of a decline in intellectual activity, along with a decrease in physical activity. Not only do women live longer than men, but they are also less susceptible to the effects of aging in general. Most older women are able to dedicate themselves to housekeeping more often than most older men. With retirement, the number of cases for men decreases, but the number of cases for his wife increases noticeably. While a retired man loses his role as a “breadwinner” of his livelihood, a woman never gives up her role as a housewife. The socio-medical problems of centenarians (elderly, aged, elderly) are primarily divided into purely social and purely medical. But this division is not in essence, but in form. Both problems arose at the dawn of civilization and culture. The very position of an elderly citizen not only in society, but in life is such that it distinguishes him

13 essentially from all other age groups, and depending on how a given society views old age, relevant socio-medical problems are identified and addressed. The character of an elderly citizen is deformed due to aging. This deformation is a rather complex process (how a person lived, so he ages). For the time being, all workers (no matter in what area of ​​social employment) retain character traits that are of hereditary origin. With age, professional deformation of character appears, the so-called accentuation of certain character traits - suspiciousness, hot temper, vulnerability, anxiety, pedantry, touchiness, emotional lability, hysteria, isolation, exhaustion, pickiness, unfair assessments of one’s actions and the actions of others, reactive regression of mental abilities, stereotypically repeated in “vulnerable situations”, etc. . This state of affairs cannot be explained by socio-economic (material) or socio-psychological factors. The reasons lie much deeper. Only medical genetics could objectively interpret the dramatic changes in the psyche of a centenarian, which are confirmed by socio-gerontological studies. An elderly citizen and his family are one of the most pressing problems of our society in general, and social medicine in particular. This problem seems unsolvable either by public or government measures aimed at strengthening the social protection of the population; to an even lesser extent – ​​through medical means. The quality of life of elderly and disabled citizens depends not only on mental characteristics different groups of citizens, but also from the socio-economic (domestic, material) and socio-cultural conditions in which their lives passed and are passing.

14 Older people and those who will soon cross the corresponding age limit separating them from the younger and middle generations associate their social expectations and hopes with significant changes in the field of social services. Our society's perceived lack of sensitivity and attention to old people, veterans, insufficient consideration of their objective requests and needs obliges us to move from calls for improving their medical care and improving social assistance to radical measures - the creation in the country of a wide system of social services for elderly citizens as an integral part of a single state social security system. Social services include everything that elderly and disabled citizens receive from public consumption funds in addition to pensions and benefits. In this case, the society assumes all or part of the costs associated with paying the cost of services provided to elderly and disabled people in need of certain types of social assistance. At the same time, in the order of social services, specific needs characteristic of this category of citizens are satisfied. The development of social services for the elderly and disabled in our country is becoming increasingly important every year; it is considered as an extremely necessary addition to cash payments, significantly increasing the efficiency of the entire state social security system. The concept of disability was characteristic of social policy regarding people with limited physical capabilities (disabled people) until the 60s of the twentieth century. Disability was perceived as a person’s personal pathology, and all its problems were understood as a consequence of this pathology. That is, the individual’s limitations were considered in the context of the relationship between a person and his illness. All problems of a disabled person are a consequence of health pathology and he must adapt to the world of “normal” people.

15 The concept of disability is described on the basis of the “sick role” model, in which illness is viewed as a form of social deviation, where the individual plays a specific role: he is freed from usual social responsibilities, is not considered to be responsible for his illness, strives to recover and seeks professional help, fulfills assignments a competent doctor. Disability (limited capabilities) is understood as a consequence of the fact that the social and physical conditions (culture of society, psychological climate, social and political organization, etc.) in which a person with poor health lives and works narrows the possibilities for her self-realization, that is disabled people are seen more as an oppressed group. The essence of the problem is inequality of opportunity in the presence of equality of rights. The content of social rehabilitation becomes social integration disabled people and assistance in their awareness and implementation of their inalienable human rights. That is, in contrast to the previous understanding, we are talking about the influence of the sociocultural environment on the life activity of a person with disabilities. During historical development The exclusively medical approach was gradually replaced by a social understanding of rehabilitation, which emphasized the need to restore all social capabilities of a person. Currently, the biopsychosocial model of disability prevails, as embodied in the International Classification of Disability and Health Functioning, which expands the understanding of disability and allows us to study the influence of medical, individual, social, and environmental factors on functioning and disability. In R. Barker's Dictionary of Social Work, social service is interpreted as the provision of specific social services to meet the needs necessary for normal development to people who are dependent on others and who cannot take care of themselves.

16 Social service is a social activity aimed at satisfying social needs various categories of the population. This is the process of providing social services to the population. The Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation” in Article 1 emphasizes that “social services represent the activities of social services for social support, provision of social, social, medical, psychological, pedagogical, social and legal services and material assistance, social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations.” The Law reveals the main content of the types of social services: financial assistance, social services at home, in inpatient settings, social patronage of citizens, etc. The Federal Law “On Social Services for Elderly Citizens and Disabled Persons” states that “social services are activities for meeting the needs of these citizens for social services.” The Federal Law “On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation” states that “social services are enterprises and institutions, regardless of their form of ownership, that provide social services, as well as citizens engaged in entrepreneurial activities in providing social services to the population without forming a legal entity.” There are two groups of functions of the social service system: 1. Essentially active functions (preventive, social rehabilitation, adaptation, security and protective, social functions (personal patronage). 2. Moral and humanistic, humanistic, social and humanistic).

17 So, social services to the population includes types, types, methods, organizational forms, procedures, technologies, subjects and objects of social services, the result of the provision of social services. In the Russian Federation, a system of social services for elderly citizens and the disabled is developing; social services are provided by more than 12 thousand institutions - stationary, semi-stationary and non-stationary. Now there are more than a thousand inpatient institutions of various types: 406 boarding houses (boarding houses) for war and labor veterans, 442 psychoneurological boarding schools, etc. Various services are being created and developed: psychological and pedagogical assistance, socio-psychological, psychological-medical-social, social and leisure , career guidance, rehabilitation, etc. The Federal Law “On Social Services for Elderly Citizens and Disabled People” significantly complements and specifies ideas about social services for certain social groups of society, regulates relations in the field of social protection of elderly citizens and disabled people. The Law defines the subject of activity as follows: “social services are activities to meet the needs of specified citizens for social services.” Social services include a set of social services that are provided to elderly citizens and the disabled at home and in social service institutions, regardless of their form of ownership. There is an opportunity to receive social services sufficient to meet the basic needs of life, which are included in the federal and territorial social services guaranteed by the state: - care; lists

18 - catering; - assistance in obtaining medical, legal, socio-psychological and natural types of assistance; - assistance in professional training, employment, organization of leisure; - assistance in organizing funeral services and others that are provided to elderly citizens and disabled people at home or in social service institutions. The federal law uses such basic concepts as: Social service - an enterprise or institution, regardless of its form of ownership, providing social services. A social service client is a citizen who is in a difficult life situation and who is provided with social services in connection with this. A social service is a service that is provided free of charge or for an incomplete market price, that is, fully or partially at the expense of society. A service that is sold as a product (material consumer goods or consumer services) is not a social service, even if it is used by citizens in difficult life situations. A difficult life situation is a situation that objectively disrupts the life of a citizen (disability, inability to self-care due to old age, illness and a number of other circumstances: orphanhood, lack of work, a specific place of residence, loneliness, etc.), which he cannot overcome on your own. The basis for free social services for citizens who are incapable of self-care due to old age, illness, disability and who do not have relatives who can provide them with

19 help and care, serves a low per capita income, below the subsistence level established for the region in which they live. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of the International Labor Organization (ILO): - personal dignity - the right to decent treatment, treatment, social assistance and support; - freedom of choice – every elderly person has the right to choose between being kept at home and living in a shelter, temporary or permanent; - coordination of assistance - assistance provided by various social bodies must be active, coordinated and consistent; - individual nature of assistance - assistance is provided to the elderly or disabled citizen himself, taking into account his environment; Functions of the social service system: - essentially-active rehabilitation (preventive, adaptive, social-active-security-protective, social patronage); - moral-humanistic, social-humanistic), (personal-humanistic, the implementation of these functions is associated with the optimal level of functioning of all subsystems and elements of social services. The main principles of activity in the field of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people are: - provision of state guarantees; - compliance human and civil rights; - continuity of all types of social services; - orientation of needs; social services to individual

20 - priority of measures for social adaptation; - responsibility of state authorities, local governments and institutions, as well as officials while ensuring the rights of elderly citizens and people with disabilities. Social services have the following characteristics: - targeting - provision of social services based on the need of a particular elderly person; - accessibility – services should be as close as possible geographically to the person who needs them; - voluntariness - services cannot be provided against the will of the citizen, except in cases when it comes to a threat to the life and safety of the elderly and disabled; - humanity - a person in difficult situation needs a caring and attentive attitude towards oneself; - confidentiality – non-disclosure of the client’s secrets, respect for his feelings; - preventive orientation - assistance should be provided not only when a person is already in a difficult situation, but should also warn him. - respect for human and civil rights, continuity of all types of social services; - conditions for the formation and implementation of human life; - the relationship between freedom and the social conditioning of the individual, the socially justified (or unjustified) measure of this freedom and the possibility of its implementation in society. All social service institutions are open institutions. Placement of citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations in these institutions is carried out with their voluntary consent, on a permanent or temporary basis.

21 The most important forms of social services are such as social services at home; semi-stationary services in day (night) departments of social service institutions; stationary social services in boarding homes, boarding houses, etc.; urgent social services; social advisory assistance; provision of living space in special homes for the elderly, etc. Non-stationary social institutions are a relatively new form of providing social assistance to the elderly population and disabled people in the Russian Federation. The legislation provides for five forms of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities: social services at home (including social and medical services); semi-stationary social services in day (night) departments of social service institutions; stationary social services in stationary social service institutions (boarding homes, boarding houses and other social service institutions, regardless of their name); urgent social services; social advisory assistance. Social services, at the request of elderly citizens and disabled people, can be provided on a permanent or temporary basis. Social services at home are one of the main forms of social services, aimed at maximizing the possible extension of the stay of elderly citizens and people with disabilities in their usual social environment in order to maintain their social status, as well as to protect their rights and legitimate interests. Home-based social services guaranteed by the state include: catering, including home delivery of food; assistance in purchasing medicines, food and industrial goods of prime necessity; assistance in obtaining

22 medical assistance, including escort to medical institutions; maintaining living conditions in accordance with hygienic requirements; assistance in organizing legal assistance and other legal services; assistance in organizing funeral services; other home-based social services. When serving elderly citizens and disabled people living in residential premises without central heating and (or) water supply, home-based social services included in the list of state-guaranteed social services include assistance in providing fuel and (or) water. In addition to the home-based social services listed above, elderly citizens and people with disabilities may be provided with additional services on a full or partial payment basis. Social and medical care at home is provided to elderly citizens and disabled people who need home-based social services, suffering from mental disorders (in remission), tuberculosis (except for the active form), serious diseases (including cancer) in late stages, with the exception of quarantine infectious diseases, chronic alcoholism, severe mental disorders, venereal and other diseases requiring treatment in specialized healthcare institutions. The procedure and conditions for social and medical care at home are determined by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. As a rule, social services are provided in semi-stationary institutions: - overnight stay homes; - social shelters; - social hotels; - centers of social adaptation. and in

23 Semi-stationary social services include social, medical and cultural services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities, organizing their meals, recreation, ensuring their participation in feasible work activities and maintaining an active lifestyle. Semi-stationary social services are accepted for elderly and disabled citizens in need who have retained the ability for self-care and active movement and who have no medical contraindications for enrollment in social services. The decision on enrollment is made by the semi-stationary head of a social service institution on the basis of a personal written application from an elderly or disabled citizen and a certificate from a health care institution about his state of health. The procedure and conditions for semi-stationary social services are determined by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Social advisory assistance to elderly citizens and people with disabilities is aimed at their adaptation in society, easing social tension, creating favorable relationships in the family, and ensuring interaction between the individual, family, society and the state. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are provided by decision of social protection authorities in institutions under their jurisdiction or under agreements concluded by social protection authorities with social service institutions of other forms of ownership. The rights of elderly citizens and people with disabilities when providing them with social services may be limited in cases provided for by law. Restrictions on rights may be expressed in the placement of these citizens without their consent in social service institutions if they are deprived

24 care and support of relatives or other legal representatives and are not able to independently satisfy their vital needs (loss of the ability to move) or to self-care are recognized as incompetent in the manner established (or) active by law. The issue of placing elderly citizens and people with disabilities in inpatient social service institutions without their consent or without the consent of their legal representatives is decided by the court on the proposal of the social protection authorities. Elderly citizens and disabled people who are bacteria or virus carriers or have chronic alcoholism, quarantine infectious diseases, active forms of tuberculosis, severe mental disorders, venereal and other diseases requiring treatment in specialized healthcare institutions may be denied social services at home . The refusal to provide elderly citizens and disabled people with social services in this case is confirmed by a joint conclusion of the social protection body and the medical advisory commission of the health care institution. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities provided in non-stationary conditions may be terminated if they violate the norms and rules established by social service management bodies when providing this type of service. Let us consider in detail the main forms of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people: 1. Social services for elderly citizens and disabled people includes: 1) social services, medical services); at home (including social

25 2) semi-stationary social services in day (night) departments of social service institutions; 3) stationary social services in stationary social service institutions (boarding homes, boarding houses and other social service institutions, regardless of their name); 4) urgent social services; 5) social advisory assistance. 2. Elderly citizens and disabled people may be provided with living quarters in houses housing stock social use. 3. Social services, at the request of elderly citizens and disabled people, can be provided on a permanent or temporary basis. Social services at home: 1. Social services at home is one of the main forms of social services, aimed at maximizing the possible extension of the stay of elderly citizens and disabled people in their usual social environment in order to maintain their social status, as well as to protect their rights and legitimate interests . 2. Home-based social services included in the list of state-guaranteed social services include: 1) catering, including food delivery to your home; 2) assistance in purchasing medicines, food and industrial goods of prime necessity; 3) assistance in obtaining medical care, including accompaniment to medical institutions; 4) maintaining living conditions in accordance with hygienic requirements; 5) assistance in organizing legal assistance and other legal services;

26 6) assistance in organizing funeral services; 7) other home-based social services. 3. When serving elderly citizens and disabled people living in residential premises without central heating and (or) water supply, home-based social services included in the list of state-guaranteed social services include assistance in providing fuel and (or) water. 4. In addition to home-based social services provided for in the lists of state-guaranteed social services, elderly citizens and disabled people may be provided with additional services on full or partial payment terms. 5. Social services at home are provided in the manner determined by the executive authority of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Social and medical services at home are provided for elderly and disabled citizens in need of home-based social services, suffering from mental disorders (in remission), tuberculosis (except for the active form), serious diseases (including cancer) in the late stages, beyond with the exception of diseases specified in part four of Article 15 of the Federal Law. The procedure and conditions for social and medical care at home are determined by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Urgent social services for elderly citizens and disabled people: 1. Urgent social services are provided to provide one-time emergency assistance to elderly citizens and disabled people who are in dire need of social support.

27 2. Urgent social services may include the following social services: 1) one-time provision of free hot meals or food packages to those in dire need; 2) provision of clothing, shoes and other essential items; 3) one-time provision of financial assistance; 4) assistance in obtaining temporary housing; 5) organization of legal assistance in order to protect the rights of persons served; 6) organization of emergency medical psychological assistance with the involvement of psychologists and clergy for this work and the allocation of additional telephone numbers for these purposes; 7) other urgent social services. Social advisory assistance. 1. Social advisory assistance to elderly citizens and people with disabilities is aimed at their adaptation in society, easing social tension, creating favorable relationships in the family, as well as ensuring interaction between the individual, family, society and the state. 2. Social advisory assistance to elderly citizens and people with disabilities is focused on their psychological support, increased efforts in solving their own problems and includes: 1) identification of persons in need of social advisory assistance; 2) prevention of various kinds of socio-psychological deviations; 3) work with families in which elderly and disabled citizens live, organizing their leisure time;

28 4) advisory assistance in training, vocational guidance and employment of disabled people; 5) ensuring coordination of the activities of government agencies and public associations to solve the problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities; 6) legal assistance within the competence of social service authorities; 7) other measures to form healthy relationships and create a favorable social environment for elderly citizens and people with disabilities. The procedure and conditions for the provision of free home-based, semi-stationary and stationary social services, as well as on the terms of full or partial payment, are established by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Thus, social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities is an important factor in improving the system of social protection of the population and the social policy of the Russian state as a whole. Institutions of non-stationary and semi-stationary social services help to establish various forms of social work, to better take into account the interests and needs of elderly citizens and people with disabilities in direct contact with them. 1.2. Forms of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population Elderly citizens (women over 55 years old, men over 60 years old) and disabled people (including disabled children) who need permanent or temporary assistance in connection with partial or complete loss of the ability to independently satisfy their basic

29 vital needs due to limited ability for self-care and (or) movement, have the right to social services provided in the state and non-state sectors of the social service system. Integrated social service centers are the leading government institutions in the field of non-stationary social services for elderly citizens and the disabled. The centers help to establish various forms of social work, to better take into account the interests and needs of various categories of elderly people and disabled people in direct contact with them. Centers may have in their structure various divisions of social services: departments of day care for the elderly and disabled, social assistance at home, emergency social assistance services, etc. Currently, social service centers have the following departments: - department of home-based social services; - day care department; - temporary residence department (mainly in rural areas); - department of social and medical services at home; - emergency social services department; - department of social rehabilitation. Centers are becoming effective non-stationary forms of social support for older people and people with disabilities in the Russian Federation. An extremely important area of ​​activity of the Centers is social services at home - this is one of the main types of social work. Its main goal is to maximally prolong the stay of citizens in their usual habitat, support their personal and social status, and protect their rights and legitimate interests.

30 The main home-based services guaranteed by the state include: catering and home delivery of food; assistance in purchasing medicines and essential goods; assistance in obtaining medical care and escort to medical institutions; assistance in maintaining living conditions in accordance with hygienic requirements; assistance in organizing funeral services and burying lonely dead; organization of various social services (housing repairs, provision of fuel, cultivation of personal plots, water delivery, payment of utilities, etc.); assistance in paperwork, including for the establishment of guardianship and trusteeship, exchange of housing, placement in inpatient institutions of social protection authorities. Social services at home are provided free of charge, with partial payment or for full payment. Free services are provided, for example, to single elderly citizens and disabled people who do not receive a pension supplement for care or who have able-bodied relatives who are required to support them by law but live separately, as well as those living in families whose per capita income is lower than that established for the given region minimum level. Thus, the main directions of activity of the comprehensive center for social services for the population are: identification of elderly citizens and disabled people in need of service; provision of social, domestic and other necessary assistance at home; assistance in providing persons served with benefits and benefits established by current legislation; ensuring to the citizens served their rights and benefits established by current legislation. Day care departments, also created on the basis of social service centers for the population, are also becoming increasingly developed. They are intended for everyday, medical, cultural services for pensioners and disabled people, organizing their recreation, attracting

31 to feasible work, maintaining an active lifestyle. These departments are created in accordance with the Regulations to serve at least 30 people. They enroll elderly and disabled people, regardless of their marital status, but who have retained the ability for self-care and active movement, based on personal desire and medical conclusion. Pensioners and disabled people, as a rule, are served by the social assistance department free of charge. For example, the Emergency Social Services Department (OSSO) provides emergency social assistance of a one-time nature to elderly citizens and disabled people who are in dire need of social support. Urgent social assistance is the most common type of social support for the elderly population in non-stationary conditions; includes the following state-guaranteed social services: - one-time provision of free hot meals or food packages to those in dire need; - provision of clothing, footwear and basic necessities; - assistance in obtaining temporary housing; - provision of emergency psychological assistance; - provision of humanitarian assistance; - provision of legal and other advisory services. An important circumstance is the need for a new style of work of these institutions, the use of not only supervisory and prohibitive measures, but also carrying out explanatory work, promoting a healthy lifestyle among residents. In the Russian Federation, a developed system of non-stationary and semi-stationary forms of social services includes such social service institutions (departments) as social service centers for the population (1955 units), including comprehensive social service centers for the population (822). IN

The 32 structure of the centers includes departments for temporary residence (684 for 14.4 thousand places) and day care (1183 for 32.4 thousand places). 21.7 thousand people live in special homes for single elderly citizens, where there is a range of social services (725). The active development of semi-stationary forms of service, including temporary accommodation departments, contributed to the reorganization of some of them into low-capacity houses - the establishment of an optimal model of relationships between residents and staff. The network of non-state inpatient institutions is expanding. Social assistance and services in each region of Russia are carried out taking into account its specifics. The main areas of work are the following: drawing up and implementing social programs and plans, conducting joint events and boards, meetings and seminars with management and practical workers, organization of a team form of medical and social services for the elderly and disabled, creation of medical and social care rooms, personnel training, etc. It should be noted that joint activities are already producing positive results. Practice confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of joint actions. The team form of care for seriously ill patients is becoming increasingly widespread and recognized. Such comprehensive services allow us to increase the number of patients served and expand the types and volumes of services provided to them. For example, in the Kirov region, a departmental center for gerontological rehabilitation operates at JSC “Plywood Mill “Red Anchor” in the city of Slobodsky. The Hospice House of St. was opened in Volgograd. Seraphim of Sarovsky (social shelter), whose hospital is designed for 35 people. It is mainly inhabited by pensioners and people without a fixed place of residence. The church provides all possible financial assistance to the house.

33 Taking into account the need to provide citizens living in rural settlements remote from industrial centers and transport routes with targeted, prompt assistance, social protection authorities are actively developing various models of mobile social services. Such service is vital for those elderly citizens and people with disabilities who find it difficult to contact medical, law enforcement and other socially significant institutions, including those providing household and commercial services to the population. In addition, it costs people at least half as much as the prevailing local tariffs for transport and other services. In order to test the mechanism of this social technology, within the framework of the federal target program “Older Generation”, a pilot project “Development of an emergency social assistance service on a mobile basis” is being carried out in the region. In the Kirov region, such a social service as the “Mercy Bus” has existed for 10 years. The search for new social technologies that increase the availability of social services for the population has led to the emergence of such a model of social services for rural residents as interdepartmental centers for solving social issues created under municipal self-government bodies, or rural mini-centers. There are currently 384 mini-centers in the Penza region. Their main tasks include identifying and differentiated accounting of citizens and families in need of social assistance. Determining the necessary forms of assistance and the frequency of its provision, providing assistance and services to citizens, informing the population on various issues, conducting social, recreational, preventive and other activities for the population at their place of residence. All mini-centers in the region operate on a voluntary basis. They employ about 2 thousand people. As a rule, mini-centers are managed by the heads of rural administrations, the staff includes from 5 to 7 representatives

34 education, healthcare, social protection of the population, other departments and services, public organizations. In connection with the need to carry out social rehabilitation work and recreational activities with elderly citizens who are unable to go to sanatoriums, over the last five years a set of measures has been taken to open social health centers and social rehabilitation departments. In the city of Kemerovo, a center has been equipped that fully meets the requirements of independent living for elderly and disabled people, and staff have been trained to identify the needs of elderly and disabled citizens and train additional employees in modern methods of working with them. In Novokuznetsk, a special “Memory Center” was created and more than 200 apartments were partially refurbished. The Department of the Samara Social Region, in order to protect the population of the permanent administration and improve the provision of social services to the population, takes an active part in the implementation of a number of international projects. According to the terms of reference, the main goal of one of the projects was to develop a viable, affordable and practical social protection system that takes into account the real needs of socially vulnerable categories of the population. An experimental rehabilitation center for elderly and disabled citizens has been created in the Samara region, on the basis of which innovative domestic and foreign technologies and methods of rehabilitation and integration of elderly and disabled citizens into society are being developed; analysis and forecasting of the socio-demographic situation in the region; identifying the causes of social maladjustment; studying the need for social services; constant monitoring of problems arising in the lives of older citizens

35 and disabled. The experimental center for gerontological rehabilitation functions not only as a social service institution, but also as a center for training social workers in practical skills in using auxiliary and technical means of rehabilitation, as well as means that make life easier for disabled people and caring for seriously ill people. All conditions have been created here for training social workers, rehabilitation specialists, cultural organizers, psychologists, programmers, students of educational institutions, representatives of public organizations of the disabled, volunteers from all cities and districts of the region. The acquired knowledge is widely used in practice in healthcare institutions, social protection of the population and at the place of residence of elderly citizens and people with disabilities. The center provides training for elderly citizens, people with disabilities and members of their families on how to care for people with disabilities, the use of rehabilitation means, and the provision of psychological assistance. Thus, comprehensive social service centers are the leading government institutions in the field of non-stationary social services for elderly citizens and the disabled. The centers help to establish various forms of social work, to better take into account the interests and needs of various categories of elderly citizens and people with disabilities in direct contact with them. Centers may have in their structure various social service units: day care departments for the elderly and disabled, social assistance at home, emergency social assistance services, etc. Centers are becoming effective non-stationary forms of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the Russian Federation.

36 2. ORGANIZATION OF SOCIAL SERVICES FOR ELDERLY CITIZENS AND DISABLED CITIZENS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MBUSOSSSZN “COMPLEX CENTER FOR SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE POPULATION OF VOLOKONOVSKY DISTRICT” 2.1. Problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population More than 31,382 people live in the Volokonovsky district, including more than 6,000 disabled people. The budgetary institution of social services of the social protection system of the population “Comprehensive Center for Social Services of the Population” of the Volokonovsky District (hereinafter referred to as the Center) operates on the territory of the district. It is intended for comprehensive social services for citizens in need of social support, by providing timely and qualified social assistance of various types, providing individual citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations with assistance in realizing their legal rights and interests, and assisting in improving their social and financial situation. The structure of the Center includes: four departments of social services at home for elderly citizens and the disabled, created to serve citizens living in urban areas and citizens living in rural areas or the urban sector that do not have public amenities; department of temporary residence of elderly citizens and disabled people; emergency social services department; advisory department. In accordance with the goals of its activities, the institution provides the following types of social services:

37 1. social and everyday 2. socio-medical 3. socio-psychological 4. socio-pedagogical 5. socio-legal. Department of Social Services for Elderly and Disabled Citizens. The main task of the department is to provide social assistance at home to elderly citizens and disabled people who need permanent or temporary assistance due to partial loss of independent ability due to limited ability to meet the basic needs of life, self-care and (or) movement. Functions of the department: - informing and consulting citizens on social service issues; - collection and preparation of documents for social services; - receiving documents from citizens; - execution of the decision on enrollment (queueing) or refusal of social services with mandatory notification of the applicant; - admission to social services (conclusion of an agreement on social services) with the subsequent provision of state-guaranteed social services, as well as additional social services; - carrying out calculations (recalculation) for social services; - maintaining documentation of services provided, in accordance with the implementation of the schedule of control checks, quality reporting. State social services, social incoming services (hereinafter referred to as the list of guaranteed social services),

38 are provided to elderly citizens and disabled people at home free of charge, as well as on the basis of partial or full payment. Social services are provided at home free of charge: - to single elderly citizens (single married couples) and disabled people who have an income (average per capita income) below the subsistence level established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population in the Belgorod region; - elderly citizens living alone and disabled people who have relatives who, due to old age, disability, illness, imprisonment, permanent residence outside the Belgorod region and other objective reasons supported by documents, cannot provide them with help and care , provided that the amount of income received by these citizens is below the subsistence minimum established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population in the Belgorod region; - families consisting of elderly citizens and (or) disabled people whose average per capita income is below the subsistence level established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population in the Belgorod region. Social services at home are provided on a partial payment basis to: - single elderly citizens (single married couples) and disabled people receiving income (average per capita income) in the amount of 100 to 150 percent of the subsistence level established for the relevant socio-demographic groups of the population in Belgorod regions; - elderly citizens living alone and disabled people who have relatives who cannot due to old age, disability, illness, or being in prison,

39 permanent residence outside the Belgorod region and other objective reasons, confirmed by documents, provide them with assistance and care, provided that the amount of income received by these citizens is from 100 to 150 percent of the subsistence level established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population in the Belgorod region regions; - families consisting of elderly citizens and (or) disabled people, provided that the average per capita family income is from 100 to 150 percent of the corresponding subsistence level, socio-demographic groups established for the population in the Belgorod region. - the monthly amount of partial payment for social services provided at home is 50 percent of the cost of full payment for services. Social services at home are provided on a full payment basis to: - single elderly citizens (single married couples) and disabled people, if their income (average per capita income) exceeds 150 percent of the subsistence level established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population of the Belgorod region; - elderly citizens living alone and disabled people who have relatives who, due to old age, disability, illness, imprisonment, permanent residence outside the Belgorod region and other objective reasons supported by documents, cannot provide them with help and care , provided that the amount of income received by these citizens exceeds 150 percent of the subsistence minimum established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population of the Belgorod region;

40 - families consisting of elderly citizens and (or) disabled people, provided that the average per capita family income exceeds 150 percent of the cost of living established for the relevant socio-demographic groups of the population of the Belgorod region; - elderly citizens and disabled people who have close relatives of working age living in the Belgorod region. For elderly citizens and disabled people, the department of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people provides the following services at home: 1. Catering services (provided taking into account health status): - assistance in preparing food, including dietary meals; - purchase and home delivery of food products, hot lunches from the canteen (in the client’s area of ​​residence). 2. Household organization services: - water delivery; - heating stoves (delivery of firewood and coal), kindling and removal of ash, depending on weather conditions; - assistance in providing fuel to those living in residential premises without central heating (paperwork, payment of bills, ensuring control over fuel delivery); - purchase and home delivery of essential industrial goods (in the client’s area of ​​residence); - handing over items for washing, dry cleaning, repairs and their return delivery (if there are no enterprises in the client’s area of ​​residence that provide these services, washing and repairs at home); - assistance in organizing home repairs (determining the scope of work, organizing repair work, assistance in purchasing and delivering materials for repairs);

41 - assistance in paying for housing and utilities (filling out receipts, reconciling payment documents, paying bills); - assistance in organizing the provision of services by trade, public utility, communications and other enterprises providing services to the population. 3. Services for organizing leisure time: - assistance in writing letters; - assistance in providing books, magazines, newspapers (subscription, delivery and dispatch of printed publications, parcels, registration in the library, delivery of books from the library located in the client’s area of ​​residence); - assistance in visiting theaters, exhibitions and other cultural events; - accompaniment outside the home. 4. Social, medical and sanitary-hygienic services (care is provided taking into account the state of health): - cleaning of living quarters (taking out garbage, cleaning dust from floors, walls, furniture, etc.); - assistance in providing medical care within the scope of the basic compulsory program health insurance citizens of the Russian Federation, targeted programs and territorial programs of compulsory health insurance provided by state and municipal medical institutions; - assistance (support in conducting medical and social institutions and expert examinations of the social and medical commission within the locality, assistance in preparing documents for disability); - assistance in providing, according to the conclusion of doctors, medicines and medical products (within the locality);

42 - provision of psychological assistance (conversations, if necessary, consultation with a psychologist); - assistance in hospitalization, accompaniment to medical institutions (within the locality); - visiting inpatient healthcare institutions in order to provide moral and psychological support to those served; - assistance in obtaining vouchers for sanatorium-resort treatment (assistance in paperwork); - assistance in obtaining dental and prosthetic and orthopedic care, as well as in providing technical means care and rehabilitation (visit dental clinic without a patient, making an appointment, accompanying a patient to an appointment with a dentist, orthopedist). 5. Legal services: - assistance in preparing documents; - assistance in obtaining legal benefits and established benefits for the current ones (organizing specialist consultations); - providing assistance on pension issues and other social payments(assistance in paperwork, consulting); - assistance in obtaining legal assistance and other legal services (organizing specialist consultations). 6. Funeral services. The temporary residence department for elderly and disabled citizens is one of the places where veterans, disabled and elderly citizens restore physical and spiritual health. At the service of vacationers in the department: - therapeutic procedures: inhalation, magnetic therapy, electrotherapy, lymphatic drainage, turmanev mat; manual and hardware massage; turpentine, pearl, salt baths; circular shower, mud therapy;

43 - a psychological relief room with medical devices, where classes, psychological trainings, and the provision of psychological assistance are organized; - varied, high-quality meals 4 times a day; - a rich leisure program: competitions, quizzes, karaoke and singing to a musical instrument, performances by creative groups, library work, field trips to places of interest. The leisure department was opened in 2007 and employs 70 people. There are 2 clubs in the department: the Elderly Club “Ray of Hope”, the Club for Wheelchair Users “Zhiznelub”. The activities of the department are aimed at the direct participation of older citizens in cultural, social and rehabilitation activities, as well as promoting health, increasing physical activity and improving social well-being. The “Ray of Hope” senior citizens’ club has 4 interest sections: amateur arts; skillful hands; intellectual outlook, healthy image life. Meetings at the club take place 1-2 times a week. Meetings at the wheelchair club are held once a quarter and are thematic in nature. Excursions around the area are conducted according to developed routes. Emergency Social Services Department. The main task of the department is to provide urgent social assistance to citizens in dire need of social support and emergency assistance for one-time life activities. character aimed at maintaining them

44 Functions of the department: - taking immediate measures aimed at temporarily supporting the life of citizens in dire need of social support by providing various types of assistance; - identification and registration of citizens in dire need of social assistance not in the territory of the Volokonovsky district municipal district; - providing the necessary information and conducting consultations on the provision of social support measures for the low-income population and preferential categories of citizens; - collection necessary documents to provide financial assistance; - assistance in preparing documents for sending citizens to boarding homes and gerontological centers; - assistance in providing citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations with clothes, shoes, and other essential items; - provision of free food packages; - provision of the “Social Taxi” service on specialized vehicles for the transportation of citizens with limited mobility in order to visit socially significant infrastructure facilities in the Volokonovsky district; - provision of additional services, according to the “Tariffs for additional social services provided to elderly citizens and disabled people by state institutions (departments) of social services for the population of the Belgorod region”, approved by the Commission for State Regulation of Prices and Tariffs of the Belgorod Region. The Emergency Social Services Department provides assistance to the following categories of citizens: disabled people; senior citizens; victims of fires, natural disasters, radiation and man-made disasters; refugees and internally displaced persons; large families; low-income and single-parent families; families raising children -

45 disabled people; citizens living alone, of working age, who have partially lost the ability to self-care due to a long-term (more than one month) illness, relatives who, for objective reasons, are not able to care for them; low-income citizens living alone who, for reasons beyond their control, have an income below the subsistence level established for the corresponding socio-demographic groups of the population of the Belgorod region. The procedure for providing services: 1. Social services for citizens in the Emergency Social Services Department are carried out on a one-time or temporary (up to one month) basis. 2. Social services are provided to citizens on the basis of an identification document and a written application addressed to the head of the Social Security Service. 3. The service area for employees of the Emergency Social Services Department is determined on the territory of the Volokonovsky District municipal district, taking into account the degree and nature of the need of pensioners and disabled people for help. Procedure for payment for services: 1. Emergency social services are provided free of charge: - providing the necessary information and conducting consultations on the provision of social support measures for the low-income population and privileged categories of citizens; - collection of necessary documents to provide financial assistance; - assistance in preparing documents for sending citizens to boarding homes and gerontological centers; - assistance in providing citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations with clothes, shoes, and other essential items; - provision of free food packages.

46 2. The “Social Taxi” service is provided in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for providing the “Social Taxi” service in the Volokonovsky district, approved by the resolution of the head of the administration of the Volokonovsky district dated March 24, 2008 No. 265 “On the procedure for providing the “Social Taxi” service in Volokonovsky area." 3. Additional social services are provided on the basis of full payment based on the established tariffs for additional social services, approved by the Commission for State Regulation of Prices and Tariffs in the Belgorod Region. In order to provide social services at home to elderly citizens and disabled people of the Volokonovsky district, the emergency social service department of the municipal institution "KTSSON of the Volokonovsky district" operates a visiting integrated team "Mercy", which includes: - heads of social service departments at home; - social workers; - social work specialists; - carpenters; - medical worker; - specialist in repair of household appliances. The advisory department carries out its activities in cooperation with the structural divisions of the institution. The main tasks of the advisory department: - organizing public awareness using information technology, providing access to information about the activities of the institution through electronic communication channels. - ensuring automation of the provision of social support measures to the population. - providing information support for the activities of the institution. - providing technical support for the activities of the Institution.

47 - organization of development and improvement of automated systems, introduction of new technologies. - ensuring maximum efficiency from the automated systems used. - providing the media with the necessary information and explanations regarding the activities of the Institution. - monitoring media coverage of the Institution’s activities, organizing a prompt response to critical publications, speeches, messages, etc. Functions of the advisory department: - carries out work to introduce modern information technologies into the institution. - carries out technological process collection, processing and analysis of information in all areas of activity of the MU “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District”. - ensures the security of personal information processed and stored using computer technology in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. - provides all structural divisions of the Institution with computer, copying and computing equipment and consumables for it. - administers the information database of citizens entitled to social support (automated receipt of operational statistical data, maintaining directories, testing, indexing, eliminating system errors during the operation of the software, restoring information in case of errors). - administers a local area network with dedicated servers (configuring, testing, troubleshooting

48 networks, restoration and correction of information in case of errors during operation). - instructs the institution’s specialists on the operation of hardware and software. - administers the help terminal and the official website of the Department. - provides technical support for activities carried out by the Department. - collects and transmits payment and reporting information to third parties in electronic form and on paper. - interacts with the media and prepares information material for publication. The center is part of the structure of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Volokonovsky District Administration. In general, the work of the Administration of the Volokonovsky Social District with the protection of citizens, the population with disabilities (disabled) and elderly citizens is aimed at the development and implementation of innovative programs, technologies for organizing social, social and legal guidance, labor and counseling, professional rehabilitation people with disabilities. Thus, in 2015, 236 people with disabilities, including 102 families with children with disabilities, were provided with methodological and advisory assistance. In addition, the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Volokonovsky District Administration carries out systematic work with people with disabilities. The cooperation program with the Department of Culture of the Volokonovsky District Administration “Step into the World” provides assistance in social rehabilitation and their integration into society for 98 disabled children. As part of the program, there is a communication club “Nika”, where classes are held monthly to promote the discovery and development of creative

49 abilities of children with disabilities. As part of the club, there is a school for parents, “The Art of Education,” where seminars, lectures, trainings, debates, and consultations are held (with the participation of doctors, psychologists, teachers, and lawyers). In 2015, 9 club meetings were held. On the website of the Volokonovsky District Administration, there is a page “We are together” for the publication of materials and communication between disabled children and their parents. Information and educational methodological materials for parents of disabled children were produced and designed. Activities have been organized for the rehabilitation of disabled children, providing them with various types of charitable assistance with books, sweet sets, and stationery. In 2015, 24 disabled children under the age of 18, together with accompanying persons, underwent rehabilitation at the State Budgetary Institution “Rehabilitation Center for Children and Adolescents with Disabilities.” In the Volokonovsky boarding house for elderly citizens and disabled people, located in the village of Pogromets, there are currently 15 people living for whom everything has been created the necessary conditions for accommodation and receiving qualified medical care. In the Volokonovsky district, in addition to health procedures, a rich cultural program is carried out for elderly citizens and the disabled. Such integrated programs are carried out as “Promenade of Youth”, “Let's Talk about Love”, “Relaxing in Russian”, “Interesting Facts”, “Sixty Plus”, “Diet Secrets”, “Leisya Song”, “Anniversaries”, “Russian Lotto”, etc. The main goal is to reveal and maintain the individual creative abilities of elderly citizens and disabled people in the Department. Song gatherings such as “To the Sound of the Accordion” and “Song Crossroads” have become traditional.

50 For elderly citizens and people with disabilities, field trips to rural areas and walking tours in the center of the village of Volokonovka with a visit to the local history museum are conducted. There are two rental points for rehabilitation equipment for the disabled: in the USZN of the administration of the Volokonovsky district and the Russian Red Cross in the Volokonovsky district. Wheelchairs are in particular demand. USZN of the Volokonovsky district administration provides services free of charge, according to the contract. BROOOO "Russian Red Cross" in the Volokonovsky district provides wider rental services, you can rent: strollers, walkers, crutches, canes, blood pressure monitors. In order to ensure accessibility for elderly citizens and disabled people of objects and services in priority areas of life, certification of 62 social infrastructure objects in the district was carried out. Based on accessibility passports, the module “Interactive Map of Object Accessibility” was filled with information on the “Learning to Live Together” website on the Internet information and telecommunications network in order for elderly citizens and people with disabilities to receive information about the possibility of visiting social infrastructure facilities. A “road map” action plan has been developed to increase the accessibility indicators for elderly citizens and disabled people of objects and services in the field of social protection, healthcare, education, culture, transport services, communications and information. The purpose of the “road map” is to ensure unhindered access to facilities and services in priority areas of life for people with disabilities and others low mobility groups population (people who have difficulty moving independently, obtaining services, and necessary information) in the Volokonovsky district. Time frames and expected results of the implementation of the “road map”: increasing the share of social, engineering and transport facilities accessible to people with disabilities and other groups of the population with limited mobility

51 infrastructures in which services are provided to the population, in the total number of facilities - 100 percent in 2030. In 2015, the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Volokonovsky District Administration provided financial assistance to 98 citizens with disabilities in the amount of 421.0 thousand rubles. from regional and local budget funds. Payments of monthly monetary compensation were made to 6,000 citizens with disabilities to pay for housing and utilities in the amount of more than 27 million rubles. Monthly child benefits were paid to 31 disabled children in the amount of 947 thousand rubles. In 2015, the Volokonovsky District Employment Center employed 15 disabled people. In 2015, the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Volokonovsky District Administration carried out certain work aimed at caring for, protecting and supporting the low-income population, pensioners, children, single elderly citizens and everyone who needs social protection. The social protection system for the population of the Volokonovsky district employs 149 workers. The average salary for the social protection department of the district administration is 17,616.00 rubles, including the average salary of a social worker - 17,014.00 rubles, and employees of a boarding school - 16,532.00 rubles. The structure of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Volokonovsky District Administration includes the Volokonovsky Boarding Home for Elderly Citizens and Disabled Persons. In 4 departments of social assistance at home in the district, 49 social workers work, who serve 394 single pensioners, of which 18 people are free, 376 people are paid. 1082 additional services were provided in the amount of 151.9 thousand rubles.

52 The Department of Urgent Social Assistance, intended to provide citizens in dire need of social support with one-time assistance aimed at maintaining their livelihoods, provided assistance in 2015 in the form of: - payment of a targeted one-time benefit to 979 citizens (394 families) in the amount of 1,651, 0 thousand rubles; - targeted benefits based on a social contract - 30 families in the amount of 373.2 thousand rubles; - distribution of free bread - 480 pcs.; - used items – 9 people. (20 units). 793 “Social Taxi” services were provided to disabled people in the district. The “Mercy” brigade provided social assistance at home to 34 elderly citizens of the district. There are 8,837 citizens of preferential categories registered with the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Volokonovsky District Administration, of which 5,947 are federal beneficiaries, 2,890 are regional. The title “Veteran of Labor” was awarded to 40 citizens. Monthly cash payments were made to: - labor veterans - 917 people. in the amount of 7815.7 thousand rubles; - home front workers – 2 people. in the amount of 18.0 thousand rubles; - repressed – 8 people. in the amount of 76.7 thousand rubles; - children of war - 364 people. in the amount of 3184.5 thousand rubles; - disabled people due to military trauma, and members of their families (306-FZ) – 41 people. in the amount of 3537.4 thousand rubles; - widow of the Hero of Socialist Labor - 1 person. in the amount of 69.6 thousand rubles. Compensation payments were made in 2015: - to compensate for harm to disabled people at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant - 2 people. and 1 widow of the deceased in the amount of 623.7 thousand rubles; - for food for disabled people and participants in the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident in 1986-1987. – 17 people in the amount of 112.5 thousand rubles;

53 - for health improvement for disabled people and participants in the liquidation of the Chernobyl accident - 23 people. in the amount of 17.4 thousand rubles. An additional payment to the pension was made for: - civil servants - 10 people. in the amount of 337.8 thousand rubles; - municipal employees – 48 people. in the amount of 1673.5 thousand rubles. Orthopedic products were issued to 4 citizens who do not have a disability group. Tickets for travel on the suburban railway transport "Veteran of Labor" were issued - 10 people. Issued vouchers to the sanatorium “Beautiful” - 21 people. Subsidies for housing and communal services were assigned and paid to 252 families in the amount of 2266.5 thousand rubles. Payments of monthly monetary compensation were made to preferential categories of citizens to pay for housing and utilities for 8,837 people. in the amount of 42991.0 thousand rubles, including: - federal beneficiaries in the amount of 33492.0 thousand rubles; - regional beneficiaries in the amount of 9499.0 thousand rubles. Unified social travel tickets, according to the Decree of the Governor of the Belgorod Region dated January 28, 2005 No. 11 “On the introduction of a unified social travel ticket on the territory of the Belgorod Region”, 123 pieces were sold in 2015: - to beneficiaries at the federal level - 76 tickets; - beneficiaries at the regional level - 37 tickets; - nurses of the Russian Red Cross in the Volokonovsky district - 10 tickets. Paid to 4 disabled people who have a vehicle in accordance with the medical indications established by ITU institutions for the provision of vehicles, compensation in the amount of 50 percent of the insurance premium they paid under the contract

54 compulsory civil liability insurance of vehicle owners in the amount of 6.1 thousand rubles. In 2015, specialists from the Center for Social and Psychological Assistance to Families and Family Placement for Children Without Parental Care carried out: - consultations – 915 people; - diagnostic examination – 58 people; - psychocorrectional and developmental classes – 352; - visiting 173 families. 1,317 people applied for socio-psychological and legal assistance to the Center for Socio-Psychological Assistance to Family and Family Placement for Children Left Without Parental Care - 2 people. in 2015. A significant improvement in family relations was recorded in 15 families. 224 people received psychological relief in a relaxation room. In 2015, 11 meetings of the “Nika” communication club for children with disabilities were prepared and held, attended by 67 children and 48 parents. To study the problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and disabled people, the author conducted a sociological study “Problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the conditions of the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District” in November 2015. The problem of this study was to find ways to improve social services for elderly and disabled citizens in the conditions of an integrated center for social services for the population, which will help improve the quality of life of elderly citizens and disabled people, and create conditions for optimization

55 their lifestyle and solutions to various problems related to social services and health maintenance. The purpose of the study was to determine the problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population. To achieve the goal, the following research tasks were set: 1. To study the features and specifics of the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District.” 2. Conduct a diagnosis of problems in organizing social services for elderly and disabled citizens in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population and develop recommendations for its improvement. Object of study: social services for elderly and disabled citizens in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population. Subject of research: the specifics of organizing social services for elderly citizens and disabled people at the municipal level. The most important forms of social services are such as social services at home; semi-stationary services in day (night) departments of social service institutions; stationary social services in boarding homes, boarding houses, etc.; urgent social services; social advisory assistance; provision of living space in special homes for the elderly, etc. Integrated social service centers are the leading government institutions in the field of non-stationary

56 social services for pensioners and disabled people. The centers help to establish various forms of social work, to better take into account the interests and needs of various categories of elderly people and disabled people in direct contact with them. The difficult socio-economic situation in the organization of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people is intended to be mitigated by non-stationary social service institutions that help improve the quality of life of elderly citizens and disabled people, create conditions for optimizing their lifestyle and solving various problems related to maintaining health. with social It is assumed that comprehensive services and the study of the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population will allow us to determine the problems of its organization, ways to solve them, and, as a result, prospects for the development of the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities. To solve the assigned problems, a set of research methods was used, mutually verifying and complementing each other: the method of expert survey, questionnaire; study and analysis of the documentation of the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District”; quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of sociological research. Three main groups were considered: specialists from the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District”; elderly citizens living in the Volokonovsky district; disabled people living in the Volokonovsky district. Characteristics of the methods used for collecting primary sociological information: the author used an expert survey to collect primary sociological information. methods of questioning, interviewing,

57 The volume of observation was 36 elderly and disabled citizens. Results of a survey of elderly and disabled citizens. The majority of respondents note an awareness of difficulties associated with age and disability (62%). These groups of respondents perceive limited opportunities and old age as a negative period of dependence on close and not so close people. A significant portion of respondents (38%) who have not yet felt the approaching problems associated with old age and disability lead an active lifestyle and are not limited in finances and decisions. The majority of elderly citizens and people with disabilities put material problems first - 52%, considering them as the main ones limiting them today. Difficulties related to health status are also important – 34%. However, respondents put them in second place, apparently thereby believing that some of the health difficulties can be solved with more funding. Psychological difficulties(11%) is noted by a relatively small group of respondents. Diagram 1. Indicate the problems most acutely facing you: 60% 50% 40% 30% 52% 20% 34% 10% 11% 3% 0% Material Health state Psychological All of the above Old age, as a period of people’s lives, absorbs many fundamental problems of both the biological and medical sphere, as well as issues of social and

58 personal life of society and each individual. During this period, many problems arise for older citizens, since older people belong to the category of the “low-mobility” population and are the least protected, socially vulnerable part of society. This is primarily due to defects and physical condition caused by diseases with reduced motor activity. Disability and chronic diseases reduce the ability to self-care and adapt to changes. Difficulties may arise with others, including loved ones, even with children and grandchildren. The psyche of the elderly and touchiness, old people may be distinguished by senile, sometimes depression, irritability, sometimes leading to suicide, leaving home. Elderly citizens and people with disabilities are characterized by faith in the power of the state and their dependence on it (54%). The majority of respondents believe that the state can and should solve their problems. Senior citizens and people with disabilities do not just rely on the organization of social services. In most cases they consider it mandatory. In order to identify the effectiveness of existing forms of organizing social services, we interviewed specialists from the MBSUSOSSZN “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Volokonovsky District”, who directly work with elderly citizens and the disabled (12 people). As part of the study, several blocks of problems were identified: - Quality of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities; - The need of elderly citizens and people with disabilities for specific types of social services. As a result of the expert survey, the following data were obtained:

59 Diagram 2. Indicate the problems arising in social services for elderly citizens and disabled people: 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 47% 20% 34% 15% 10% 12% 5% 7% 0% Material In assessment Mat.-techn. base of the main problems, Personnel shortage inherent in the Legal imperfection of the social service system for elderly citizens and people with disabilities, the majority of experts noted insufficient funding - 47% and a lack of qualified personnel - 12%, 34% of experts pointed to the need to update the material and technical base of the social service system for citizens elderly and disabled people, 7% noted the imperfection of the regulatory framework for social services. It is obvious that the financing of social institutions does not allow for the dynamic development of social service activities and the expansion of the list of services provided to elderly citizens and the disabled. The lack of qualified personnel is caused by insufficient level wages, lack of career prospects, etc. The respondents’ answers to the question “How do you assess the level of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people” were distributed as follows:

60 Diagram 3. 80% Level of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people 70% 60% 50% 40% 72% 30% 20% 10% 0% 18% 7% High 3% Quite high Satisfactory Low Very high - 7% Quite high – 18% Completely satisfactory – 72% Insufficient – ​​3% As noted in the previous question, the lack of normal funding and insufficient educational and professional level of specialists does not allow providing clients with social services of the required level. To increase efficiency, it is necessary to increase funding for social services for elderly citizens and the disabled by an order of magnitude; this would expand the range of services provided to them. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, it can be noted that the majority of respondents (67%) consider the financial situation of elderly citizens and people with disabilities to be disastrous. It can be concluded that respondents equally highly rated the need of elderly citizens and disabled people for all types of social services that will help improve the financial situation of elderly citizens and disabled people, as well as for services to provide social and domestic assistance.

61 Analysis of the results shows that, in general, elderly citizens and people with disabilities are provided with exactly the services they need, but it is alarming that these services are not provided to the full extent. Having analyzed the data from statistical reports on the work of the social service center of the administration of the Volokonovsky district and the data obtained during the study, we can conclude that the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population has some problems: - the continuous growth of the elderly population increases the workload for social services; - lack of sufficient information among elderly citizens and disabled people about the forms and institutions of social services; - some forms of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are not effective enough; - insufficient accessibility of the social environment for elderly citizens and disabled people; - the impossibility of continuing the work activity of elderly citizens, while maintaining physiological well-being; - problems of interdepartmental interaction in social sphere; - unsatisfactory financial, material and technical support for the activities of social service institutions; - unsatisfactory staffing and information support for the activities of social service institutions; - elderly citizens and people with disabilities often have problems that require specific assistance, so it is quite difficult to provide full and effective assistance to a client who has a number of problems. Questionnaires for elderly citizens, disabled people and experts are in the appendix (appendices 1-3).

62 2.2. Recommendations for improving social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population Improving social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population depends both on the financial support and material and technical base of institutions, and on personnel training, from the implementation of social partnership approaches and mutual responsibility of the state, employers, and society. Much depends on an adequate regulatory framework, increased wages and the prestige of social workers. The developed recommendations for improving social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of an integrated center for social services for the population are comprehensive: 1. It is necessary to coordinate the efforts of state and public structures in solving socio-economic, family, everyday, psychological and other problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities , as well as further steps to delineate the obligations and powers of authorities in the field of social services for citizens. In relation to the activities of government bodies, it is necessary to improve the political and legal support for the system of social services for elderly citizens and the disabled. An important direction in the development of state social policy in relation to elderly citizens and people with disabilities should be a set of political, legal, economic, medical, social, scientific, cultural, outreach and personnel measures aimed at achieving elderly citizens

63 age and disabled people material well-being and social well-being, creating conditions for active participation in society and longevity. To achieve this, the following measures are necessary: ​​- overcoming stereotypical views on old age; - overcoming negative attitudes towards people with disabilities; - sustainable improvement of the level and quality of life of elderly citizens and people with disabilities based on social solidarity and justice; - formation of a positive assessment of the role of the older generation in society as the bearer of moral, aesthetic cultural values ​​and the main link in their transmission to younger generations; - increasing funding for media that systematically cover the problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities; - strengthening the material base of social service institutions for the elderly and disabled based on strengthening interaction with non-state structures and charitable organizations. It is also necessary to carry out targeted activities to further strengthen the system of social services working with elderly citizens and people with disabilities, develop social infrastructure that takes into account their needs, and develop appropriate care strategies. The relevance of these measures is due to the need for labor and economic costs in caring for elderly family members and people with disabilities, especially the elderly and long-livers. When developing these strategies, the interests of women of all ages who traditionally provide care for dependent family members must be taken into account. It is necessary to introduce a number of changes to the legislation on social services for elderly citizens and disabled people, clarifying the conditions for providing these persons with social, rehabilitation and other services and providing for the introduction of effective control over their

64 compliance with state standards approved in accordance with the established procedure. It is necessary to provide legal guarantees to elderly citizens and disabled people in order to ensure equal opportunities in the implementation of their civil, economic, social political and other rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitutions of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation. 2. Solving socio-economic problems caused by population aging and disability requires finding material and other resources, focusing them on priority goals, and coordinating programs implemented in the interests of elderly citizens and people with disabilities with general strategies for sustainable development. Recommendations for solving socio-economic problems of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the context of an integrated center for social services for the population largely boil down to the following: - diversification of funding sources is necessary; - it is necessary to introduce elements of budget management; - restructuring of the network of social institutions is necessary; - it is necessary to develop competitive interdepartmental relations. It should also be noted the important role of introducing social partnership into the system of social service institutions for elderly citizens and disabled people. It represents the interaction of the state, society and citizens of the older generation in the implementation of activities aimed at the welfare and social well-being of elderly citizens and people with disabilities, constant cooperation with families, public associations and other social partners that provide elderly citizens and people with disabilities with protection, assistance and services .

65 Elderly citizens and people with disabilities, as a rule, have limited physical and material opportunities for an active life and come to terms with their problems. However, this is not a reason to treat them only as pensioners and patients, since they contribute to the social development of our region and the country as a whole, show interest in changes in modern society, social, cultural, economic life, have a powerful reserve of knowledge, skills and abilities, support the solidarity of generations and are guardians of spiritual and moral values. 3. It is necessary to attract elderly citizens and disabled people - clients of the system of social service institutions - to cooperation and development of social development strategies through meetings with the heads of the regional administration, enterprises, institutions, and organizations. In addition, conduct written and oral public opinion polls (in particular, disabled people and elderly citizens), which allow them to be involved in the development and implementation of new models and forms of social services, and allow them to participate in service planning. Feedback enables older people to successfully perform social roles, adapt to changes in the environment, increases their sense of self-esteem, allows older people to develop a sense of internal control over the situation, and become competent. In addition to the above, it is necessary to implement the following measures necessary to improve social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities: - implementation of scientific and methodological support for the activities of social services; - introduction of new social technologies and new forms of work with elderly citizens and people with disabilities; - carrying out socially-oriented educational work with elderly citizens and people with disabilities;

66 - development and improvement of the implementation of social, new social programs for socio-medical, psychological and pedagogical assistance to elderly citizens and the disabled. It is necessary to carry out the process of training and advanced training of social workers in the following areas: - retraining and advanced training of working specialists; - training of young specialists; - creation of teaching aids and complexes necessary for the effective organization of the educational process. Reasonable use of accumulated world and domestic experience, study and generalization of cultural and historical traditions should become the basis for training professional workers for the social sphere. It is also important to note the prospects for the development of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities. The modern system of social services has been formed over the past decades. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities have now become an integral part of social security, one of its rapidly developing elements. Currently, in connection with the processes of reforming economic and social life in the country, the sphere of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities is continuously and dynamically developing. But, despite the large number of regulatory legal acts regulating relations in social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities, it is worth emphasizing that they do not yet fully meet the requirements set by society and do not correspond to the tasks that the state has set for itself. Therefore, it is necessary to further actively develop a system of providing elderly citizens and people with disabilities with assistance to maintain their health and material

Level 67. Well-drafted legislation can certainly help in the further development and improvement of the sphere of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities. It is obvious that after a certain time a new model of social services for elderly citizens and the disabled will be formed, which will simultaneously meet the objective needs of Russian society and the financial and economic capabilities of the state. Thus, we can say that in the last few years a breakthrough has been made towards the effective and efficient functioning of the entire social service system as a whole, as well as the social service system for elderly citizens and the disabled. The successful development of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people can be positively influenced by the implementation of recommendations developed by the author to improve social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population, the introduction of additional types, forms and guarantees of social services.

68 CONCLUSION The organization of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the Russian Federation is given increasing importance every year. Social policy in relation to elderly citizens and people with disabilities, its scope, direction and content throughout the history of the country were influenced and determined by socio-economic and specific socio-political tasks facing society at one or another stage of its development. The allocation in the general structure of social policy of a special direction - social services relating to the well-being and health of elderly citizens and people with disabilities, is due to rather specific conditions and lifestyles, the characteristics of their needs, as well as the level of development of society as a whole. Currently, measures to improve social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are among the priority areas of state social policy. The social service system covers a wide range of services, in particular, medical care, maintenance and service in boarding schools, home care for those in need of care, housing and communal services, leisure activities, etc. In the field of social services, the possibility of exercising the right to receive it often depends on the decision of the competent authority, since a number of social services provided in this area are still among the scarce ones that are not guaranteed to absolutely every elderly and disabled person. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities should be focused on ensuring the availability of basic social services and guarantees for elderly citizens and people with disabilities, regardless of their place of residence.

69 Social vulnerability of elderly citizens and people with disabilities is associated primarily with their physical condition, the presence of diseases, decreased physical activity, and the presence of a psychological factor that forms contact with other segments of the population. Therefore, elderly citizens and people with disabilities are the least protected and most socially vulnerable part of society. In the Belgorod region, a network of social service institutions for elderly citizens and the disabled has been developed. An important role in the development of new technologies for serving elderly citizens and people with disabilities belongs to integrated social service centers. At the same time, the need to coordinate the efforts of state and public structures in solving socio-economic, family, everyday, psychological and other problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities is becoming more and more obvious. Having analyzed the statistical data obtained during the study, we came to the conclusion that the organization of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population has some problems: - the continuous growth of the elderly population increases the load on social services; - lack of sufficient information among elderly citizens and disabled people about the forms and institutions of social services; - some forms of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities are not effective enough; - insufficient accessibility of the social environment for elderly citizens and disabled people; - the impossibility of continuing the work activity of elderly citizens, while maintaining physiological well-being; - problems of interdepartmental interaction in the social sphere;

70 - unsatisfactory financial, material and technical support for the activities of social service institutions; - unsatisfactory staffing and information support for the activities of social service institutions; - elderly citizens and people with disabilities often have problems that require specific assistance, so it is quite difficult to provide full and effective assistance to a client who has a number of problems. To solve existing problems, the author developed recommendations for improving social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of an integrated center for social services for the population, which are comprehensive in nature: 1. It is necessary to coordinate the efforts of state and public structures in solving socio-economic, family and psychological problems and other problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities, as well as further steps to delineate the obligations and powers of authorities in the field of social services for citizens. In relation to the activities of government bodies, it is necessary to improve the political and legal support for the system of social services for elderly citizens and the disabled. An important direction in the development of state social policy in relation to elderly citizens and people with disabilities should be a set of measures of a political, legal, economic, medical, social, scientific, cultural, information, propaganda and personnel nature, aimed at achieving material well-being and social welfare for elderly citizens and people with disabilities. well-being, creating conditions for active participation in society and longevity. To achieve this, the following measures are necessary: ​​- overcoming stereotypical views on old age; - overcoming negative attitudes towards people with disabilities;

71 - sustainable increase in the level and quality of life of elderly citizens and people with disabilities based on social solidarity and justice; - formation of a positive assessment of the role of the older generation in society as the bearer of moral, aesthetic cultural values ​​and the main link in their transmission to younger generations; - increasing funding for media that systematically cover the problems of elderly citizens and people with disabilities; - strengthening the material base of social service institutions for the elderly and disabled based on strengthening interaction with non-state structures and charitable organizations. It is necessary to introduce a number of changes to the legislation on social services for elderly citizens and disabled people, clarifying the conditions for providing these persons with social, rehabilitation and other services and providing for the introduction of effective control over their compliance with state standards approved in the prescribed manner. Also, it is necessary to provide legal guarantees to elderly citizens and disabled people in order to ensure equal opportunities in the implementation of their civil, economic, social political and other rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitutions of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation. 2. Solving socio-economic problems caused by population aging and disability requires finding material and other resources, focusing them on priority goals, and coordinating programs implemented in the interests of elderly citizens and people with disabilities with general strategies for sustainable development. Recommendations for solving socio-economic problems of social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in

72 conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population largely boil down to the following: - diversification of funding sources is necessary; - it is necessary to introduce elements of budget management; - restructuring of the network of social institutions is necessary; - it is necessary to develop competitive interdepartmental relations. It should also be noted the important role of introducing social partnership into the system of social service institutions for elderly citizens and disabled people. It represents the interaction of the state, society and citizens of the older generation in the implementation of activities aimed at the welfare and social well-being of elderly citizens and people with disabilities, constant cooperation with families, public associations and other social partners that provide elderly citizens and people with disabilities with protection, assistance and services . 3. It is necessary to attract elderly citizens and disabled people - clients of the system of social service institutions - to cooperation and development of social development strategies through meetings with the heads of the regional administration, enterprises, institutions, and organizations. In addition, conduct written and oral public opinion polls (in particular, disabled people and elderly citizens), which allow them to be involved in the development and implementation of new models and forms of social services, and allow them to participate in service planning. Feedback enables older people to successfully perform social roles, adapt to changes in the environment, increases their sense of self-esteem, allows older people to develop a sense of internal control over the situation, and become competent. In addition to the above, it is necessary to implement the following measures necessary to improve social services for elderly citizens and disabled people:

73 - implementation of scientific and methodological support for the activities of social services; - introduction of new social technologies and new forms of work with elderly citizens and people with disabilities; - carrying out socially-oriented educational work with elderly citizens and people with disabilities; - development and improvement of the implementation of social, new social programs for socio-medical, psychological and pedagogical assistance to elderly citizens and the disabled. It is necessary to carry out the process of training and advanced training of social workers in the following areas: - retraining and advanced training of working specialists; - training of young specialists; - creation of teaching aids and complexes necessary for the effective organization of the educational process. Reasonable use of accumulated world and domestic experience, study and generalization of cultural and historical traditions should become the basis for training professional workers for the social sphere. Social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities have now become an integral part of social security, one of its rapidly developing elements. Currently, in connection with the processes of reforming economic and social life in the country, the sphere of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities is continuously and dynamically developing. It is obvious that in the near future a new model of social services for elderly and disabled citizens will be formed, which will simultaneously meet the objective needs of the Russian state and its economic capabilities. society and financial

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80 APPENDIX

81 Appendix 1 Questionnaire (for elderly citizens) Dear respondent! Students and teachers of the Department of Social Work of the National Research University "BelSU" in order to study the problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population ask you to fill out a questionnaire. Circle the answer option that matches your opinion. If you have your own answer, write it in the “other” column. 1. How do you assess your health? 1. Good 2. Fair 3. Poor 4. Other 2. Are you fully aware of the difficulties associated with reaching old age? 1. Yes, I am fully aware 2. I am not fully aware 3. Other 3. Do you often complain about feeling unwell? 1. Often 2. I constantly feel bad 3. I don’t complain, I’m in good health 4. Other 4. What problems worry you at the moment? 1. Material 2. State of health 3. Psychological 4. Other 5. How do you evaluate the quality of social services in the comprehensive center? 1. Good 2. Very good 3. Normal 4. Bad 5. Other

83 13. What would you like to change in the work of this institution? 1._______________________________________________________ 2. Difficult to answer 14. Your gender: 1. Male 2. Female 15. Your age: 1. 55 - 65 2. 66 - 72 3. 72 - 80 4. 80 and older 16. Your education: 1. Secondary 2. Higher 3. Other_________________________________ Thank you for your participation!

84 Appendix 2 Questionnaire (for people with disabilities) Dear respondent! Students and teachers of the Department of Social Work of the National Research University "BelSU" in order to study the problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population ask you to fill out a questionnaire. Circle the answer option that matches your opinion. If you have your own answer, write it in the “other” column. 1. What is your disability group? 1. 1 2. 2 3. 3 2. Are you fully aware of the difficulties associated with disability? 1. Yes, I am fully aware 2. I am not fully aware 3. Other 3. Do you often complain about feeling unwell? 1. Often 2. I constantly feel bad 3. I don’t complain, I’m in good health 4. Other 4. How do you evaluate the quality of social services in the comprehensive center? 1. Good 2. Very good 3. Normal 4. Bad 5. Other 5. What problems concern you currently? 1. Material 2. Disability 3. Psychological 4. Other

86 13. What would you like to change in the work of this institution? 1._______________________________________________________ 2. Difficult to answer 14. Your gender: 1. Male 2. Female 15. Your age: 1. 55 - 65 2. 66 - 72 3. 72 - 80 4. 80 and older 16. Your education: 1. Secondary 2. Higher 3. Other_________________________________ Thank you for your participation!

87 Appendix 3 Questionnaire (expert questionnaire) Dear respondent! Students and teachers of the Department of Social Work of the National Research University "BelSU" in order to study the problems of organizing social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities in the conditions of a comprehensive center for social services for the population ask you to fill out a questionnaire. Circle the answer option that matches your opinion. If you have your own answer, write it in the “other” column. 1. What are the main problems in the system of social services for elderly citizens and people with disabilities? 1. Insufficient funding 2. Lack of qualified personnel 3. The need to update the material and technical base 4. Imperfection of the regulatory framework 2. Are your clients fully aware of the difficulties associated with reaching old age? 1. Yes, they are fully aware 2. They are not fully aware 3. Other 3. How do you evaluate social services for elderly and disabled citizens? 1. Very high 2. Fairly high 3. Quite satisfactory 4. Not high enough 4. What problems are your customers currently concerned about? 1. Material 2. State of health 3. Psychological 4. Other 5. How do you assess the quality of social services in your comprehensive center? 1. Good 2. Very good 3. Normal 4. Bad 5. Other

88 6. Are you satisfied with your relationship with clients? 1. Yes, I’m satisfied 2. No, I’m not satisfied, I would like the attitude to be better 7. Have you ever had conflicts with clients? 1. There were no conflicts 2. There were conflicts, but they were resolved 3. Never happened 4. There were conflicts that remained, not resolved 8. Do you consider loneliness a social problem? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Difficult to answer 9. How would you characterize the living conditions of your clients? 1. I am satisfied with everything 2. I am not satisfied with everything 3. I find it difficult to answer 10. Which services provided by yours do you consider the most significant? 1. Social and domestic 2. Social and medical 3. Socio-economic 4. Social and legal 11. Are you satisfied with the quality of service in the comprehensive center? 1. Yes, satisfied 2. No, I would like the quality of service to be better 3. Difficult to answer 12. What would you like to change in the work of your institution? 1._______________________________________________________ 2. Difficult to answer 13. Your gender: 1. Male 2. Female 14. Your age: 1.___________

89 15. Your education: 1. Secondary 2. Higher 3. Other_________________________________ Thank you for your participation!

ANO SPO "OMSK COLLEGE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND LAW"

Cyclic commission of management and legal disciplines

COURSE WORK

in the discipline "Social Security Law"

Topic: “Social services for disabled and elderly citizens”

Completed:

student of group YUS3-29

Donov Dmitry Igorevich

Supervisor:

Smirnova Irina Vladimirovna

Defense date_______________ Rating______________

Introduction

Chapter 1. Social services for the disabled and elderly

1.1 Basic provisions of social services for the disabled and elderly

1.2 Rights of disabled people and elderly people in the field of social services

1.3 Types of social services for people with disabilities and the elderly

1.3.1 Social services at home

1.3.2 Semi-stationary social services

1.3.3. Inpatient social services

1.3.4 Urgent social services

1.3.5 Social advisory assistance

Chapter 2. Judicial practice

Conclusion

List of sources used

Applications

INTRODUCTION

The relevance of my course work is due, first of all, to the fact that in the modern world the proportion of elderly and disabled people in the population is gradually growing; similar trends are characteristic of our country. Their income is well below average and their health and social care needs are much higher.

Disability and old age are not only a problem for the individual, but also for the state and society as a whole. This category of citizens urgently needs not only social protection, but also an understanding of their problems on the part of the people around them, which will be expressed not in elementary pity, but in human sympathy and equal treatment of them as fellow citizens.

The development of social services for the elderly and disabled in our country is given increasing importance every year; it is considered as an extremely necessary addition to cash payments, which significantly increases the efficiency of the entire state social security system.

The state, ensuring social protection of disabled people and elderly citizens, is called upon to create for them the necessary conditions for individual development, realization of creative and productive capabilities and abilities by taking into account their needs. Today, this circle of people belongs to the most socially vulnerable categories of the population.

The possibility of meeting the needs of an elderly person and a disabled person becomes real when he is endowed with the legal right to demand from the relevant competent authority the provision of a particular benefit, and this body is legally obliged to provide such a benefit.

The purpose of the study is to consider the forms and methods of organizing social services for the disabled and elderly, to achieve which the following tasks are set:

1. clarify the concept of social services for people with disabilities and the elderly;

2. consider disabled people and elderly citizens as subjects of social services;

3. reveal the rights of disabled people and elderly people in the field of social services;

4. determine the essence, forms and methods of social services for the disabled and elderly;

5. identify the main problems of social services for people with disabilities and the elderly;

The object of the study is legal norms aimed at social services for disabled people and the elderly.

The subject of the research is social services for the disabled and the elderly.

The research method is the study and research of special scientific literature, regulations, and judicial practice.

CHAPTER 1. SOCIAL SERVICES FOR DISABLED AND ELDERLY PERSONS

1.1 Basic provisions of social services for the disabled and elderly

An integral element of the state social security system in the Russian Federation is social services for the elderly and disabled, which includes various types of social services aimed at satisfying special needs this category of persons. Currently, the state is making great efforts to create a comprehensive system of social services for the population and allocate financial resources for its development.

Social services are the activities of social services for social support, provision of social, social, medical, psychological, pedagogical, socio-legal services and material assistance, social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations.

For the first time in domestic legislation, the concept of such a socially significant circumstance as a difficult life situation has been formulated.

1) Targeting. Providing personalized information to a specific person. Work to identify and create a data bank of such persons is underway local authorities social protection of the population at the place of residence of the disabled and elderly.

2) Availability. The opportunity is provided for free and partially paid social services that are included in the federal and territorial lists of state-guaranteed social services. Their quality, volume, procedure and conditions of provision must comply with state standards established by the Government of the Russian Federation. Reducing their volume at the territorial level is not allowed.

3) Voluntariness. Social services are provided on the basis of a voluntary application from a citizen, his guardian, trustee, other legal representative, government body, local government body or public association. At any time, a citizen can refuse to receive social services.

4) Humanity. Citizens living in inpatient institutions have the right to freedom from punishment. The use of drugs, physical restraints, or isolation for the purpose of punishment or to create convenience for personnel is not permitted. Persons who commit these violations bear disciplinary, administrative or criminal liability.

5) Confidentiality. Personal information that becomes known to employees of a social service institution during the provision of social services constitutes a professional secret. Employees guilty of disclosing it bear liability established by law.

6) Preventive focus. One of the main goals of social services is prevention negative consequences arising in connection with a citizen’s life situation (impoverishment, exacerbation of diseases, homelessness, loneliness, and so on)

Lists of social services are determined taking into account the subjects for whom they are intended. The federal list of state-guaranteed social services for elderly citizens and the disabled, provided by state and municipal social service institutions, was approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 25, 1995 No. 1151. On its basis, territorial lists are developed. Financing of services included in the lists is carried out from the corresponding budgets.

Control over the provision of social services is carried out by social protection authorities, health authorities, and educational authorities within the limits of their competence.

Public control is exercised by public associations that, in accordance with their constituent documents, deal with issues of protecting the interests of elderly citizens, disabled people, and people with mental disorders. One of such associations is the Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia

Supervision of compliance with the law in this area is carried out by the prosecutor's office, whose assistance should be the most prompt.

Actions or inactions government agencies, institutions, organizations and officials that resulted in violations of the rights of citizens may be appealed to the court.

1.2 Rights of disabled people and elderly people in the field of social services

When receiving social services, elderly and disabled citizens have the right to:

Respectful and humane attitude on the part of employees of social service institutions;

Selecting an institution and form of social services in the manner established by the social protection authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

Information about your rights, obligations, conditions for the provision of social services, types and forms of social services, indications for receiving social services, conditions for their payment;

Voluntary consent to social services (in relation to incompetent citizens, consent is given by their guardians, and in their temporary absence - by the guardianship and trusteeship authorities);

Refusal of social services;

Confidentiality of personal information that becomes known to an employee of a social service institution during the provision of social services (such information constitutes a professional secret of these employees);

Protection of your rights and legitimate interests, including in court.

The list of state-guaranteed social services is approved by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account the needs of the population living on the territory of the corresponding constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

Information about social services is provided by social workers directly to elderly citizens and disabled people, and in relation to persons under 14 years of age and persons declared incompetent - to their legal representatives. Citizens sent to stationary or semi-stationary social service institutions, as well as their legal representatives, must be previously familiarized with the conditions of residence or stay in these institutions and the types of services provided by them.

In case of refusal of social services, citizens, as well as their legal representatives, are explained the possible consequences of their decision. Refusal of social services, which may lead to a deterioration in the health of citizens or a threat to their lives, is formalized by a written statement from citizens or their legal representatives confirming receipt of information about the consequences of such refusal.

1.3 Types of social services for people with disabilities and the elderly

1.3.1 Social services at home

Social services at home are one of the main forms of social services, aimed at maximizing the possible extension of the stay of elderly citizens and people with disabilities in their usual social environment in order to maintain their social status, as well as to protect their rights and legitimate interests.

Contraindications for admission to service are: mental illness in the acute stage, chronic alcoholism, venereal, quarantine infectious diseases, bacterial carriage, active forms of tuberculosis, as well as other serious diseases requiring treatment in specialized healthcare institutions.

Based on documents submitted by citizens or their legal representatives (application, medical report, income certificate), as well as a material and living examination report, the Commission for Assessing the Need for Social Services makes a decision on acceptance for service.

Home care is provided through the provision of paid social services included in the federal and territorial lists of state-guaranteed social services provided by government agencies, as well as additional social services not included in these lists. These services are performed by a social worker who visits the person being served.

An agreement for the provision of social services at home is concluded with the person being served or his legal representative, which specifies the types and volume of services provided, the time frame within which they must be provided, the procedure and amount of payment, as well as other conditions determined by the parties.

In accordance with the federal list of services, these institutions provide the following types of services:

1) services for organizing catering, everyday life and leisure (purchase and home delivery of food, hot lunches), assistance in preparing food; purchase and home delivery of essential industrial goods, water delivery; heating stoves, handing over things for washing and dry cleaning; assistance in organizing repairs and cleaning of residential premises; assistance in paying for housing and utilities; assistance in organizing leisure time, etc.;

2) socio-medical and sanitary-hygienic services (providing care taking into account the state of health, assistance in providing medical care, conducting medical and social examinations, rehabilitation measures, assistance in providing medications); assistance in obtaining prosthetic care;

3) assistance in obtaining education for people with disabilities;

4) assistance in employment;

5) legal services;

6) assistance in organizing funeral services.

Citizens may be provided with other (additional) services, but on the basis of full or partial payment for all categories of citizens in need of social services. These additional services provided to citizens at home include:

1) monitoring of health status;

2) provision of emergency first aid;

3) performing medical procedures;

4) provision of sanitary and hygienic services;

5) feeding weakened patients;

6) carrying out sanitary educational work.

1.3.2 Semi-stationary social services

Semi-stationary social services include: social, medical and cultural services for the disabled and elderly, organizing their meals, recreation, ensuring their participation in feasible work activities and maintaining an active lifestyle.

Recipients of public services can be persons who have retained the ability for self-care and active movement, and who simultaneously meet the following conditions:

1) having citizenship of the Russian Federation, and for foreign citizens and stateless persons - having a residence permit;

2) presence of registration at the place of residence, and in the absence of the latter - registration at the place of stay;

3) presence of disability or reaching old age (women - 55 years, men - 60 years);

4) the absence of diseases that are medical contraindications to semi-stationary social services in day care units.

The decision to enroll in semi-stationary social services is made by the head of a social service institution on the basis of a personal written application from an elderly or disabled citizen and a certificate from a health care institution about his state of health.

Semi-stationary social services are provided by day (night) departments created in municipal social service centers or under social protection authorities.

For persons without a fixed place of residence and occupation, the system of social protection authorities creates special institutions of a semi-permanent type - night houses, social shelters, social hotels, social centers. These institutions provide:

Coupons for one-time (once a day) free food;

First aid;

Personal hygiene items, sanitary treatment;

Referral for treatment;

Assistance in providing prosthetics;

Registration in a boarding house;

Assistance in registration and recalculation of pensions;

Assistance in employment, in the preparation of identity documents;

Assistance in obtaining a medical insurance policy;

Providing comprehensive assistance (advice on legal issues, household services, etc.)

Contraindications for admission to full-time care:

Elderly citizens and disabled people who are bacteria or virus carriers, or if they have chronic alcoholism, quarantine infectious diseases, active forms of tuberculosis, severe mental disorders, venereal and other diseases requiring treatment in specialized healthcare institutions, may be denied social services .

1.3.3 Inpatient social services

Inpatient social services for disabled and elderly people held in social protection institutions have the following features:

Inpatient social services are provided in boarding homes for the elderly and disabled, boarding homes for the disabled, and psychoneurological boarding schools.

Citizens of retirement age (women over 55 years old, men over 60 years old), as well as disabled people of groups I and II over 18 years old, are accepted into boarding homes, provided that they do not have able-bodied children or parents obligated to support them;

Only disabled people of groups I and II aged 18 to 40 who do not have able-bodied children and parents obligated by law to support them are accepted into boarding homes for the disabled;

The children's boarding home accepts children from 4 to 18 years old with mental or physical development abnormalities. At the same time, it is not allowed to place disabled children with physical disabilities in inpatient institutions intended for the residence of children with mental disorders;

The psychoneurological boarding house accepts persons suffering from chronic mental illnesses who need care, household services and medical assistance, regardless of whether they have relatives who are legally obligated to support them or not;

Persons who systematically violate internal regulations, as well as persons from among especially dangerous criminals, as well as those involved in vagrancy and begging, are sent to special boarding houses;

Inpatient institutions provide not only care and necessary medical assistance, but also rehabilitation measures of a medical, social, domestic and medical-labor nature;

An application for admission to a boarding home, along with a medical card, is submitted to a higher-level social security organization, which issues a voucher to the boarding home. If a person is incapacitated, then his placement in a stationary institution is carried out on the basis of a written application from his legal representative;

If necessary, with the permission of the director of the boarding home, a pensioner or disabled person may temporarily leave the social service institution for a period of up to 1 month. A permit for temporary departure is issued taking into account a doctor’s opinion, as well as a written commitment from relatives or other persons to provide care for an elderly or disabled person.

1.3.4 Urgent social services

Urgent social services are provided to provide one-time emergency assistance to disabled people in dire need of social support.

The following can apply for help: unemployed singles and low-income pensioners and disabled people living alone; families consisting of pensioners, in the absence of able-bodied family members, if the average per capita income for the billing period is below the pensioner’s subsistence level, which changes quarterly; citizens who have lost close relatives and do not have a former place of work to prepare documents for receiving funeral benefits.

The person applying for help must have the following documents: passport, pension certificate, work book, certificate of disability (for citizens with disabilities), certificate of family composition, certificate of pension amount for the last three months.

Urgent social services include the following social services from those provided for in the federal list of state-guaranteed social services:

1) one-time provision of free hot meals or food packages to those in dire need;

2) provision of clothing, shoes and other essential items;

3) one-time provision of financial assistance;

4) assistance in obtaining temporary living quarters;

5)organization of legal assistance in order to protect the rights of persons served;

6) organizing emergency medical and psychological assistance with the involvement of psychologists and clergy for this work and the allocation of additional telephone numbers for these purposes;

7) other urgent social services.

Urgent social services are provided by municipal social service centers or departments created for these purposes under the social protection authorities.

1.3.5 Social advisory assistance

Social advisory assistance to people with disabilities is aimed at their adaptation in society, easing social tension, creating favorable relationships in the family, as well as ensuring interaction between the individual, family, society and the state.

Social advisory assistance to people with disabilities is focused on their psychological support, increased efforts in solving their own problems and provides for:

Identification of persons in need of social advisory assistance;

Prevention of various kinds of socio-psychological deviations;

Working with families in which disabled people live, organizing their leisure time;

Advisory assistance in training, vocational guidance and employment of people with disabilities;

Ensuring coordination of the activities of government agencies and public associations to solve the problems of people with disabilities;

Legal assistance within the competence of social service authorities;

Other measures to form healthy relationships and create a favorable social environment for people with disabilities.

The organization and coordination of social advisory assistance is carried out by municipal social service centers, as well as social protection authorities, which create appropriate units for these purposes.

CHAPTER 2. JUDICIAL PRACTICE

The relevance of disputes in the field of social services does not decrease; the problem of protecting the rights of disabled people and elderly citizens still remains acute because In our modern society, the issue of law enforcement is quite acute, since today the rights and legitimate interests of disabled people and elderly citizens are very often violated.

And there is also another problem that modern Russian legislation in the field of social services and the elderly is extremely mobile and needs significant changes and additions.

Let's consider judicial practice to protect the violated rights of a disabled child.

Romanova L.V., being the legal representative of her daughter - Romanova L.S., born in 1987, appealed on October 19, 2000 to the Leninsky District Court of Vladimir with a complaint against the actions of the department of social protection of the population of the Vladimir region, which refused to pay her disabled child Romanova L.S. compensation for transportation costs provided for in clause 8 of Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”. Since Romanova was asked to collect the said compensation in her favor, with her consent, her claims were considered in the lawsuit proceedings and the Main Financial Directorate of the Administration of the Vladimir Region and the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation were brought into the case as co-defendants.

Romanova did not appear at the court hearing and asked to consider the case in her absence with the participation of her representative. Earlier in the court hearing, she explained that her daughter is seriously ill, is disabled and has suffered from musculoskeletal disorders since childhood and cannot move without assistance. Due to the need for treatment, she has to take her child by taxi to hospitals because... She does not have her own transport. Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” came into force on January 1, 1997, and from that moment on, her daughters were required to receive compensation for transportation expenses as a disabled person who had medical indications for the provision of special vehicles, but did not receive it. Her repeated appeals to the Department of Social Protection of the Population were answered with a refusal to pay compensation, which Romanova considers illegal. The amount of compensation is considered to be equal to 1997. – 998 rub. 40 kopecks, and 1998 –1179 rub. for 1999 - 835 rubles, for three quarters of 2000. - 629 rub. 40 kopecks since such amounts were paid to disabled people of the Great Patriotic War, and in relation to disabled children, the amount of compensation has not been determined to date. In total, for the period from January 1, 1997 to October 19, 2000, he asks to recover 3,641 rubles.

Romanova's representative is A.S. Feofilaktov supported the claim at the court hearing and explained that her daughter, in accordance with the List of categories of disabled people for whom modifications of means of transport communications and information technology are necessary, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 1993 No. 1188, needs an individual vehicle because she suffers corresponding disease. Based on clause 5 of Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”, she should be provided with special vehicles, but since she was not provided with it, in accordance with clause 8 of the same article, she should be paid compensation. The amount and procedure for payment, which the Government has not established, although the article came into force on January 1, 1997. Counts necessary application direct effect of the law, as well as in accordance with Art. Art. 1, 10 of the Civil Procedure Code of the RSFSR, by analogy with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated November 14, 1999 No. 1254, the Order of the Head of the Administration of the Vladimir Region dated September 28, 1995 No. 1120-r, which established similar compensation for disabled people of the Second World War.

Representative of the defendant Department of Social Protection of the Population - N.V. Golubeva did not recognize the claim, explaining that Romanova’s child does not have the right to this compensation because is a “disabled child”, and clause 8 of Art. 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” speaks of “disabled people”. She explained to the court that, according to Government Decree No. 544 of August 3, 1992, Romanova’s child is not provided with special vehicles due to the fact that she has contraindications to driving them for health reasons. In addition, Romanova’s child, according to the conclusion of a medical and social examination, does not need a special vehicle, but a motorized stroller, which is not one. He also believes that the controversial compensation should not be paid to disabled children due to the fact that the Government has not developed a procedure for providing this benefit. Believes that the Department of Social Protection of the Population is not an appropriate defendant in the case because does not make payments to disabled people. At the request of the court, a calculation of compensation for transport expenses was presented based on the amount established for disabled people of the Great Patriotic War.

Representative of the Main Financial Directorate V.E. Shchelkov did not recognize the claim, supporting the arguments of the representative of the Department of Social Protection of the Population, and also explained that the Main Financial Directorate did not provide funds to pay compensation to disabled people. Previously, compensation for transportation costs to disabled people during the Great Patriotic War was paid at the expense of the regional budget; now these powers have been transferred to the federal budget; the obligation of the Main Financial Directorate to pay this compensation is not provided for by legal acts. Considers the Main Financial Administration to be an improper defendant in the case.

Representative of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation - Head of the Department of Legal Support of the Federal Treasury Department for the Vladimir Region O.I. Matvienko did not recognize the claim by proxy. She explained that the budget does not provide funds for the payment of compensation that Romanova is claiming, since the Government of the Russian Federation has not developed the procedure and conditions for her appointment. He also asks the court to apply Article 129 of the Federal Law “On the Federal Budget for 2000”, as well as Article 239 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, according to which laws that are not funded are not subject to execution. In addition, he supports the arguments of representatives of the Department of Social Protection of the Population and the Main Financial Directorate, and considers the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation to be an improper defendant, since it was not authorized to pay the specified compensation to disabled children.

Having heard the explanations of the parties and studied the case materials, the court finds the claim subject to satisfaction in part for the following reasons.

Romanova’s child is disabled from childhood and suffers from musculoskeletal disorders, which is confirmed by the conclusion of a medical and social examination dated July 1, 1997. By virtue of clause 5 of Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation,” her child must be provided with special vehicles, but at the time of consideration of the dispute, L.S. Romanova’s vehicle was not provided and, upon application, she was put on the waiting list of the Department of Social Protection population as in need of special vehicles, in connection with which she, as a disabled person, should be paid compensation for transportation costs. According to the documents presented to the court, Romanova’s daughter repeatedly underwent treatment in various medical institutions in the region and beyond, and therefore she incurred additional expenses for taxi travel; a cost estimate was presented, although evidence of payment was not provided by her, since she used private taxis . The argument of the representative of the Department of Social Protection of the Population that Romanova does not fall under clause 8 of Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” since she is a disabled child and not a disabled person is not accepted by the court because, according to Art. 1 of the same law, a disabled person is recognized as a person suffering from a severe form of illness as a result of which he needs social protection, without indicating his age, and disabled children are a separate category of disabled people.

The argument that Romanova’s daughter needs not a vehicle, but a motorized stroller, is also untenable. she is entitled to special vehicles according to clause 5 of Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”, and a motorized wheelchair is assigned on the basis of a letter from the Ministry of Social Protection dated 05.29.87 No. 1-61-11, which since the entry into force of the Federal Law “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation" can only be applied to the extent that does not contradict this law. For the same reason, the court considers the defendant’s argument that Romanova was not entitled to motor transport in accordance with the Government Decree of August 3, 1992 to be unfounded. No. 544 because according to the specified norm of the law, disabled children are provided with vehicles with the right to drive by their parents.

The defendants’ argument that the claim should be rejected due to the lack of an established procedure for providing disabled people with compensation for travel expenses (which is provided for in paragraph 9 of Article 30 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”) is untenable, since the law has a direct valid and entered into force on January 1, 1997, with the exception of articles the terms of introduction of which are specifically specified (Article 35 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”). In addition, Article 36 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” requires the Government to bring its legal acts into compliance with this law. However, the court found that there is currently no government act on the procedure and amount of the above compensation. Based on the fact that, in accordance with Article 18 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, human rights are directly applicable, the court believes that Romanova’s demands should be satisfied with the involvement in accordance with Article 10 (paragraph 4) of the Civil Procedure Code of the RSFSR by analogy of legal acts on the payment of similar compensation for other categories of disabled people, namely the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 14, 1999. No. 1254, as well as the Order of the Head of the Administration of the Vladimir Region dated September 28, 1995. No. 1120-R. The analogy is applied as follows: 1. Romanova’s compensation is assigned from the moment she applies to the social security authorities to be provided with special vehicles or appropriate compensation, i.e., from 1.07.97; 2. The amount of compensation is determined based on the amount of the same compensation for disabled people during the Great Patriotic War, that is, in 1997. based on 14 minimum pensions per year (indicated order) in the third quarter - 69 rubles. 58 kopecks * 3.5 = 243 rubles. 53kop. in the fourth quarter - 76 rubles. 53 kopecks * 3.5 = 267 rubles. 86kop.; in 1998, from the same calculation, 84 rubles. 19 kopecks * 14 = 1179 rubles; in 1999 according to the specified resolution 835 rubles; for three quarters of 2000 at the rate of 835 rubles. per year – 626 rubles. 25kop. total amount is 3,151 rubles 64 kopecks. The calculation data is confirmed by the calculation presented by the Department of Social Protection of the Population.

Argument of the representative of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation that the claim should be denied on the basis of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation and Federal Law“On the federal budget for 2000” is not accepted by the court because in such an interpretation, these documents limit the rights of citizens to receive social benefits and contradict Art. Art. 2, 18, 55 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Since in accordance with Art. 48 of the Civil Procedure Code of the RSFSR, the rights and legally protected interests of minors are protected by their parents, the court considers compensation to be recovered in favor of Lyubov Veniaminovna Romanova, since she is the legal representative of her daughter Lydia Sergeevna Romanova.

Based on the above, guided by Art. Art. 191 – 197 of the Civil Procedure Code of the RSFSR, the court decided:

1. partially satisfy the claims of Lyubov Veniaminovna Romanova;

2. to recover from the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation at the expense of the treasury of the Russian Federation in favor of Romanova Lyubov Veniaminovna as compensation for the travel expenses of her disabled minor daughter for the period from 07/1/1997 to 10/19/2000 3,151 rubles 64 kopecks.

3. refuse to satisfy the claim against the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Vladimir Region and the Main Financial Directorate of the Administration of the Vladimir Region.

4. Expenses for state duty shall be charged to the state account.

An analysis of practice shows that, in general, disputes in this category are resolved correctly. The decisions made generally meet the requirements of Art. 196-198 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the courts correctly apply the norms of substantive law, but it should also be noted that some mistakes are made from year to year, which indicates that judges do not carefully follow the established judicial practice. The subject of proof is not always correctly determined, and the circumstances relevant to the case are not fully established. Mistakes are also made in the application and interpretation of substantive law.

CONCLUSION

The goals and objectives set in my course work were fully achieved and researched.

From everything stated in my coursework, we can conclude that the most important task of the state at the present stage is to create an effective system of social services as a set of services to various categories of the population located in the social risk zone.

Social services are designed to help clients solve their social problems, restore or strengthen their ability to be self-sufficient and self-service, and create the necessary conditions for the viability of persons with disabilities.

The main goal of forming this system is to increase the level of social guarantees, provide targeted assistance and support to disabled citizens, primarily at the territorial level and taking into account new social guarantees.

For more efficient work of social service bodies, it is necessary to develop the regulatory framework for the organization and functioning of social service institutions; development of scientific and methodological foundations for the activities of a network of social service institutions; state support for the development of the material and technical base of social service institutions; development of design documentation for the construction of new types of institutions, development of interregional and international cooperation and information support for the activities of social service institutions.

LIST OF SOURCES USED

1.The Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 12, 1993.

2.Federal Law “On the fundamentals of social services for the population in the Russian Federation” dated December 10, 1995 No. 195

3.Federal Law “On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people in the Russian Federation” dated August 2, 1995 No. 122

4.Federal Law “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation” dated November 24, 1995 No. 181

5.Federal Law “On Veterans” dated January 12, 1995 No. 5

7. Azriliyana A.N. “New Legal Dictionary”: 2008.

8. Batyaev A.A. “Commentary to the Federal Law “On Social Services for Elderly Citizens and Disabled Persons””: 2006.

9. Belyaev V.P. “Social Security Law”: 2005

10. Buyanova M.O. “Russian Social Security Law”: 2008.

11. Volosov M. E. “Big Legal Dictionary”: INFRA-M, 2007.

12. Dolzhenkova G.D. “Social Security Law”: Yurait-Izdat, 2007.

13. Koshelev N.S. “Social services and rights of the population”: 2010.

14. Kuznetsova O.V. “Social protection of disabled people”: rights, benefits, compensation: Eksmo, 2010.

15. Nikonov D.A. “Social Security Law”: 2005

16. Suleymanova G.V. "Social Security Law": Phoenix, 2005.

17. Tkach M.I. "Popular legal encyclopedic Dictionary": Phoenix, 2008

18. Kharitonova S.V. “Social Security Law”: 2006

19. SPS "Garant"

20. ATP “Consultant Plus”

APPENDIX No. 1

Tariffs of state-guaranteed social services provided in departments of social services at home, specialized departments of social and medical services at home in the state system of social services of the Omsk region

№	Name of service	Unit	Cost, rub.
				1	2	3	4
1	Purchase and delivery of food products to the client’s home	1 time	33,73
2	Purchase and delivery of essential industrial goods	1 time	15,09
3	Assistance in organizing the renovation of residential premises	1 time	40,83
4	Delivery of water to customers living in residential premises without water supply	1 time	16,86
5	Kindling the stove	1 time	16,86
6	Providing assistance in providing fuel to clients living in residential premises without central heating or gas supply	1 time	40,83
7	Snow removal for clients living in undeveloped residential premises	1 time	15,98
8	Payment of housing, utilities, communication services at the expense of the client	1 time	17,75
9	Assisting with cooking	1 time	7,99
10	Delivery of items to a laundry, dry cleaning, atelier (repair shop) and their return delivery	1 time	10,65
11	Cleaning the client's living space	1 time	19,53
12	Providing assistance in writing and reading letters, telegrams, sending and receiving them	1 time	2,66
13	Subscribe to periodicals and their delivery	1 time	10,65
14	Providing assistance in preparing documents for admission to inpatient social services	1 time	68,34
15	Preparation of documents necessary for burial, ordering funeral services (if the deceased client does not have a spouse), close relatives (children, parents, adopted children, adoptive parents, siblings, grandchildren, grandparents), other relatives or their refusal fulfill the will of the deceased regarding burial)	1 time	68,34
1	2	3	4
16	Providing assistance to the client in organizing the provision of services by public utilities, communications and other organizations providing services to the population located at the client’s place of residence	1 time	19,53
17	Providing care taking into account the state of health, including the provision of sanitary and hygienic services for a client receiving social services in specialized departments of social and medical services at home:
	rubbing and washing	1 time	15,98
	cutting fingernails and toenails	1 time	14,20
	combing	1 time	3,55
	facial hygiene after meals	1 time	5,33
	change of underwear	1 time	8,88
	change of bed linen	1 time	11,54
	bringing in and taking out the vessel	1 time	7,99
	catheter processing	1 time	14,20
18	Monitoring the health status of a client receiving social services in specialized departments of social and medical services at home:
	body temperature measurement	1 time	7,10
	measurement blood pressure, pulse	1 time	7,99
19	Carrying out medical procedures in accordance with the prescription of the attending physician for a client receiving social services in specialized departments of social and medical services at home:
	subcutaneous and intramuscular injections of drugs	1 time	11,54
	application of compresses	1 time	10,65
	instillation of drops	1 time	5,33
	unction	1 time	12,43
	inhalation	1 time	12,43
	administration of suppositories	1 time	7,99
	dressing	1 time	15,09
	prevention and treatment of bedsores, wound surfaces	1 time	10,65
	performing cleansing enemas	1 time	20,41
	providing assistance in using catheters and other medical devices	1 time	15,09
20	Conducting health education work to address issues of age adaptation	1 time	17,75
1	2	3	4
21	Accompanying the client to medical institutions, assisting in his hospitalization	1 time	28,40
22	Providing assistance in passing a medical and social examination	1 time	68,34
23	Provision of medicines and medical products according to doctors’ conclusions	1 time	17,75
24	Visiting a client in an inpatient healthcare setting	1 time	19,53
25	Feeding a client receiving social services in specialized departments of social and medical services at home who has lost the ability to move	1 time	26,63
26	Social and psychological counseling	1 time	26,63
27	Providing psychological assistance	1 time	26,63
28	Providing assistance in realizing the right to receive social support measures established by law	1 time	43,49
29	Legal advice	1 time	26,63
30	Assistance in obtaining free help lawyer in the manner prescribed by law	1 time	19,53

APPENDIX No. 2

Client assistance system in the social service system

Social services for citizens of retirement age and disabled people are the main form of protection of the population. The purpose of this program is to allow citizens who need social adaptation to stay in their familiar environment for as long as possible, protecting their interests and rights.

Who can receive this type of support?

Social services are provided to citizens old age and people with officially recognized disabilities. Based on the legislation, the first category includes a person who has reached a certain age after retirement. A passport is considered confirmation of this fact. The fact of recognition of disability is confirmed by documentation through a medical and social examination (MSEC), based on the following principles:

• In the presence of persistent health impairment, which is caused by injuries, defects.
• There is a partial or complete loss of self-care, movement, self-control, communication, learning, and employment.
• There is a need for social protection and rehabilitation measures.

Social services for the disabled and elderly have several forms. They are provided for by Federal Law.

Home-based service

Service by a social worker at home is a traditional form, which is aimed at prolonging residence in familiar conditions while maintaining the status of people, protecting their interests and legal rights.

Home service includes:

• organizing the catering process, simultaneously with the delivery of food to home;
• assistance in purchasing medicines, industrial goods, food;
• assistance in cooking;
• taking your laundry to the dry cleaner;
• accompaniment to a medical facility, assistance in obtaining medical care;
• maintaining the home at the required hygienic level;
• assistance in obtaining legal services;
• assistance in organizing funerals.

If a person lives in a building that does not have a central water supply or heating, then the Federal Law provides for the inclusion of assistance in providing water and fuel in the list of home-based services provided by the social protection department. In addition, the elderly and disabled people have the right to receive additional services, which can be fully or partially paid for.

These include:

• stay in an institution aimed at social services. It involves day and night stay;
• urgent support;
• finding citizens in a boarding house, boarding house;
• 24-hour health monitoring;
• provision of first aid;
• feeding a weakened patient;
• performing a medical procedure;
• advisory support.

Please note that home care is provided by an employee of the social assistance department.

Social services for elderly and disabled people can be provided on a temporary or permanent basis. Citizens with mental illnesses who are in the acute stage, suffering from chronic alcoholism, sexually transmitted diseases, active tuberculosis, who are bacteria carriers, are not provided with this service. Because they require treatment in a special institution.

Social and medical support

Social and medical support at home is aimed at solving current problems of elderly people suffering from mental illnesses that are in long-term remission, from oncology, late stage. Legal regulation of these issues is carried out by regional executive authorities. For your information, people with disabilities can receive temporary housing in housing stock buildings for social needs.

Semi-stationary type of assistance

This system service allows you to solve the following issues:

• social and domestic nature;
• cultural service;
• medical supervision;
• organization of the nutritional process;
• ensuring human activity.

Semi-stationary services are provided to elderly people, people with disabilities who have retained the ability to move, to perform independent services, and who have no medical contraindications for enrollment in this institution. The decision to obtain the right to a semi-stationary type of service is made by the head of the institution after a written application and a certificate of the applicant’s health status.

A person can be provided with the following services: receiving one meal, overnight accommodation, pre-medical care, referral for treatment, registration in a home for the elderly or disabled, sanitary treatment, assistance in registering or recalculating a pension, assistance in finding employment, assistance in preparing documents, insurance policy.

Semi-stationary services may be denied to carriers of bacteria, viruses, citizens who are chronic alcoholics, with an active form of tuberculosis, in the presence of severe mental disorders, sexually transmitted diseases requiring treatment in a specialized institution.

This help appears to the following segments of the population:

• citizens of Russia, foreigners with a residence permit;
• people registered at the place of residence or registered at the place of stay;
• disabled people;
• elderly people.

Inpatient service

Inpatient service aimed at providing citizens with various types of assistance. This social support has some principles:

• assistance is provided to persons who have partially or completely lost the ability to serve, people who require constant care and supervision;
• inpatient institutions are able to provide the necessary sanitary and hygienic requirements;
• medical and sanitary care is provided;
• allows you to carry out MSEC to establish a disability group or extend it;
• allows for social adaptation and medical rehabilitation;
• allows you to ensure visits from a clergyman, a lawyer, relatives, a notary;
• provides premises for religious ceremonies.

Inpatient institutions create the most adequate conditions based on age and health status, provide not only medical care, but also rehabilitation and rest. These establishments have the following features. Inpatient care is provided in homes for the elderly and disabled. They accept citizens who have reached retirement age, disabled people of the first and second groups, who have no relatives obligated to support them.

Boarding homes accept people only with 1st disability group, 18-40 years old, who do not have able-bodied children or parents. The orphanage boarding house houses children aged 4-18 years with physical and mental pathologies. An important condition is the separation of children with mental illnesses from physical ones.

The psychoneurological boarding school accepts people who suffer from mental illnesses and need help from third parties and medical care, regardless of the presence of able-bodied relatives. The social boarding house accepts persons who systematically violate internal regulations, engage in begging and vagrancy.

Inpatient institutions provide medical care, rehabilitation services, help with everyday life, and organize labor activity. A permit to a boarding home is given by the social assistance department on the basis of an application signed by the patient’s representative and a medical card. After a person is declared incompetent, he is placed in a hospital.

Please note that if the state of health allows, then with the permission of the director, a sick or elderly person has the opportunity to temporarily leave the boarding school.

Urgent service

This type aimed at obtaining the necessary emergency care for older people and young people with disabilities. The support is one-time in nature and is aimed at solving material and everyday issues with the following types of services:

• receiving hot meals and food packages;
• obtaining shoes, clothing, necessary items;
• receiving one-time financial assistance;
• provision of temporary housing;
• obtaining legal advice;
• receiving urgent help doctors, social workers, clergy.

Urgent assistance is provided for people who are in an acute social situation. Assistance can be provided to the following segments of the population: unemployed low-income people, single pensioners, disabled people, families consisting of pensioners where there are no working family members, with an average per capita income below the subsistence level, citizens who have lost a close relative and do not have funds for his burial .

When applying for help at your local social security office, you must present:

• passport;
• work book;
• pensioner's ID;
• certificate of disability;
• certificate of family composition;
• certificate of income for 3 months.

Please note that urgent social assistance is provided by the municipal social protection center.

Social advisory type of assistance

Social advisory support is aimed at the adaptation of people with disabilities in society, helps relieve tension in relationships, creates a favorable environment in the family, and ensures communication in society and the state. Disabled people are provided with social support in solving problems by identifying citizens who need advice, preventing social deviations, and working with families in which disabled people live.

Leisure activities for the elderly and disabled are organized, consultations are provided in the field of career guidance, training, further employment, government agencies provide the necessary sample, public organizations help combat common problems, and legal advice is provided. Social advisory assistance is provided by the municipal social service center and the local department of social protection of the population.

other services

Based on the legislation of the Russian Federation, people with disabilities have the right to receive the following social services: receiving free medical care, providing necessary medications prescribed by a doctor in accordance with a certain list, receiving sanatorium-resort treatment, discounted travel on public, river, railway, air transport.

Disabled people receive free trips, upon refusal of which compensation is paid

A disabled person has the right to refuse to use the listed services and receive monthly EDV. This amount in 2019 is:

• disabled people of group 3 – 2073.51 rubles;
• disabled people of group 2 – 2590.24 rubles;
• disabled people of group 1 – 3626.98 rubles;
• for disabled children – 2590.24 rubles.

Social services are aimed at adaptation, medical care, rehabilitation, consultation for people with disabilities and the elderly. These points are regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

From this article you will learn:

What are the principles of social services for older people

What conditions must be observed for social services for older people?

What forms of social services are provided for older people?

What social service institutions exist for older people?

Social services for the elderly are a whole group of services intended for the elderly population in specialized institutions or at home. The list includes rehabilitation in society, assistance in economic matters and in the psychological sphere.

Principles of social services for older people

The activities of social service institutions are based on such important provisions as:

the need for strict observance of the freedoms and rights of wards;

continuity between social organizations providing special services to the elderly;

mandatory consideration of the needs and wishes of every elderly person, without exception;

strict adherence to guarantees provided by the state;

equalization of opportunities for all applicants for social services;

paying special attention to the adaptation of the elderly in society.

On the basis of state guarantees, social services are provided to relevant groups of people. They must be provided regardless of nationality, race, religion, financial status, gender and other characteristics.

What conditions must be observed for social services for older people?

Social services are considered necessary for persons in whose life there are circumstances that sharply worsen its quality:

inability to carry out simple actions around the house, take care of oneself, independently change body position and move due to serious illnesses or traumatic injuries;

the presence in the family of a person with a disability group who needs daily care and concern;

the presence in the family of children who have difficulties adapting to society;

impossibility of daily supervision and care and lack of care for disabled people and children;

conflict within the family due to violence or with people who suffer from severe mental illness or have alcohol or drug addiction;

the person does not have a permanent place of residence, including those who have not yet reached the age of 23 and have already completed their stay in homes for orphans;

a person’s lack of a place to work and financial resources for subsistence.

But the presence in life of one or more of the above circumstances only confirms the difficult situation in life this person, but does not guarantee receipt of free social services. It is also worth noting that due to the introduction of fees for social services for the elderly and disabled, the meaning of the concept of “social services” has become very controversial. And all because this activity has lost touch with the traditional meaning of the concept of social assistance.

How social services for older people are organized

Elderly citizens age group require care and attention from strangers constantly or for a certain period of time due to the inability to independently change body position, move and satisfy vital needs. This social group has the right to social services. Its provision is possible at the state, local and non-state levels. This activity is carried out in accordance with the decision of the social security authorities in subordinate organizations or in accordance with the concluded agreement between these authorities and non-departmental institutions.

People demanding various reasons and social service circumstances, have rights to:

Polite and sensitive attitude of social workers towards their clients.

Independent choice of establishment and type of service in a certain order. It is established by social protection authorities at the federal and local levels.

Familiarization with information material about your own rights, as well as the conditions for receiving services.

Refusal to provide these services.

Keeping confidential personal information that a social worker may learn in the course of his work.

Protection of rights, if necessary, can be carried out through judicial proceedings.

Access to information material about existing types and types of social services, the reasons for which they are provided, and the conditions for paying for them.

Social services for the elderly and disabled are based on the wishes of the person and are provided either permanently or for a short period of time.

At the legislative level it is provided five types of services for the elderly population and citizens with disabilities:

1. Semi-stationary in nature, with accommodation of people on the basis of day or night departments of specialized organizations.

   Stationary in nature on the basis of specialized institutions. These can be various boarding houses, sanatoriums, boarding schools, etc.

   Urgent nature.

   Advisory nature.

The first type of social service can be considered the provision of services at home. It is focused on keeping people in a familiar and comfortable environment for as long as possible, in order to maintain their status in society.

The list of services performed at home includes:

supply of necessary products and ready-made hot meals;

maintaining cleanliness of housing in accordance with sanitary standards;

delivery of necessary medicines and household goods;

accompanying patients to health care facilities to receive the necessary medical care;

organization of legal, ritual and any other necessary services;

a number of other services.

This list may also include the supply of clean water to the elderly and people with disabilities. drinking water and fuel resources in situations where they live in premises where there is no centralized water supply and heating.

Also, in addition to all the above services, additional ones may be provided, but for an appropriate fee.

Social services for older people at home can be provided to those who suffer from serious illnesses in the terminal stages, mental illnesses (not exacerbating), and inactive tuberculosis. Social assistance is not provided to patients with chronic alcoholism and infectious diseases. This type of service is provided under certain conditions and in the manner established by the regional executive authority.

A semi-stationary type of care for elderly citizens is provided to those who are able to independently change their body position, move and perform simple actions aimed at meeting the needs of life. This includes medical, social, consumer and cultural services, the purpose of which is to organize ready-made food for people, a variety of recreation and leisure, and ensure the participation of people in feasible work.

Elderly people are enrolled in this type of service according to the decision of the management of the relevant organization, which is made after considering the citizen’s application and a certificate of his state of health. The procedure and conditions for the provision of services are established by the local executive authority.

The inpatient type is focused on providing multidirectional assistance to elderly people who have lost the ability to care for themselves, as well as those who, for health reasons, require daily monitoring and care.

This includes measures to ensure the creation of living conditions that are most appropriate for age and health, medical and social rehabilitation, provision of active and varied recreation, as well as the organization of highly qualified medical care and adequate care.

This type of service for older people is implemented on the basis of inpatient departments of specialized organizations.

People who live in such institutions have the right to:

Undergoing rehabilitation and adaptation to society.

Participation on a voluntary basis in feasible work, taking into account their interests and wishes.

Receiving daily care and attention, timely and qualified medical assistance.

Conducting a medical examination that is necessary to change or confirm the disability group.

Free meetings with relatives and friends.

Arranging visits, if necessary, by lawyers, notaries, priests, etc.

Obtaining free premises with suitable conditions for conducting religious ceremonies. It is important that the created conditions do not contradict the routine within the organization.

Maintaining housing that was rented before enrolling in social institution, for six months if they lived there alone. If relatives of an elderly person also live in this place, then the housing is maintained throughout the entire period of the pensioner’s stay in the hospital.

Obtaining new housing out of turn in the case where an elderly person has written a refusal of special social services after 6 months of being in the appropriate institution and has already lost his previous housing.

Participation in public commissions, the main goal of which is to protect the rights of people in the elderly age group.

Social services for older people in Russia, provided on an urgent basis, are one-time emergency and emergency assistance.

This includes a number of services:

food delivery and provision of food packages to wards;

supply of necessary wardrobe items and household goods;

finding a place for temporary residence;

one-time cash payment;

organization of legal assistance, the main goal of which is to protect the interests and rights of wards;

high-quality assistance from doctors and psychologists in urgent circumstances.

In order to adapt the elderly to society, reduce social tension and improve relationships between family members, such a form of assistance as consultations is provided.

Social service institutions for older people

Nowadays social service centers for older people occupy fairly high positions in the structure of gerontological services. They are based in institutions that, due to various circumstances, have changed the focus of their work. Such organizations are usually former boarding houses, sanatoriums, camps and other similar institutions.

In addition to all of the above, the list of social services for older people may include the organization of ready meals and the supply of necessary goods at the lowest possible cost.

Persons living alone are provided with assistance through a system of specialized homes, which have a controversial organizational and legal status. These institutions are taken into account in the state statistical report together with non-stationary and semi-stationary organizations. Moreover, such houses should not even be called specialized institutions, but rather a type of housing in which elderly people are located under certain conditions. A service for social purposes is often created in houses, and branches of social centers are also opened.
There are many pensioners living in the country who are not only lonely, but also have certain health problems. Specialized boarding houses can be a good solution for them. The 1990s significantly damaged the reputation of such establishments. But now everything has changed for the better - and first of all the quality of service.

Elderly people are offered several service options:

staying in a boarding house for some time while family members are on vacation or on a business trip;

stay during the rehabilitation period;

permanent residence.

Branches of our network of private boarding houses "Autumn of Life" are located in the Istra and Odintsovo districts of the Moscow region.

If you visit our boarding houses in person, you will be able to choose the most suitable institution for your elderly relatives. Visiting hours are from 9.00 to 21.00 daily. The location map can be found in the section on the official website.