Auditory hallucinations, obsessive fear etc

Asked by: Ksenia

Female gender

Age: 15

Chronic diseases: not specified

Hello, I hope that you can help me with my problem.
I'm 15 years old and when I was 13 I started having auditory hallucinations. Most often, these are familiar voices in my head that call me “Ksyukha!”, “Ksenya!”, etc., it also happens that I hear snippets of phrases from our previous conversations, but this is extremely rare. Increasingly, unfamiliar voices began to appear, advising me about something or directing me, to which I most often responded “automatically,” for example, recently an unfamiliar male voice appeared in my head and said “Playground.” I was home alone and it really scared me. When these voices appear to me, I involuntarily turn around, if the voices are familiar, I enter from the room and ask if anyone came, if someone called me.
An obsessive feeling of fear. I always have the feeling that someone is standing behind me, and at night, before going to bed, I have the feeling that something is about to open. Entrance door and everyone in the house will be killed, it’s especially frightening when I hear rustling noises. I can sit at night and, hugging my knees, just be afraid of everything and everyone, even though I have to go to school in the morning. I've had this since childhood. As a child, I often dreamed of how I was lying alone in a coffin and, when I woke up, I cried with fear, because my dreams are very vivid and always believable, that you involuntarily believe that it happened. When I go somewhere, I constantly see pictures in my head of being hit by a car, being kidnapped by someone, and this gives me goosebumps and intensifies my fear.
I often see silhouettes of people who are not really there and this enhances this feeling of fear.
I have a very changeable mood. One minute I’m having fun, jumping, dancing, and the next minute I’m already sitting and almost crying for no reason. Every caustic word addressed to me ends with me turning away with tears in my eyes so that no one can see the tears. I don’t know how to restrain my emotions and they are always very vivid. That is, I can’t just get angry, I just “tear and slash.” Every emotion I have is extremely vivid, which is somewhat disturbing. One morning I sit and listen to music, singing along. The music is quite rhythmic, but tears flow from my eyes, although there is nothing sad associated with this song. Tears often flow for no reason, and it’s hard to stop.
Dream. My sleep is somewhat disrupted; I fall asleep either very late or very early, and in neither case do I get enough sleep. My dreams are very vivid and believable, and my sleep is sound, and when the nightmares come off, I cannot bring myself to wake up. I often wake up with tears in my eyes, and once, when I dreamed about the death of my grandfather (in fact, everything is fine with him), after waking up, I cried for more than 20 minutes and simply could not stop.

I went to a psychiatrist in my city and they didn’t tell me anything worthwhile, like I had to go to the psychotherapeutic center in Murmansk to see a psychotherapist.
Please help me, please, I'm already so tired of this.
Thank you in advance for your help.

1 answer

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Hello, Ksenia.
The signs you listed indicate a possible neurotic disorder. To find out accurate diagnosis You need an in-person consultation with a psychiatrist-psychotherapist.
They do not pose a danger to the person himself or his environment. Despite the painful symptoms to endogenous mental illness and do not cause organ damage.
The most important thing in the treatment of neuroses is psychotherapy - this is internal work on oneself in a specially organized safe environment group or doctor's office in individual consultations. You are looking for a specialist who gives priority to psychotherapy over drug treatment, because tablets will only give a temporary and unstable effect. In psychotherapeutic sessions, you can understand the destructive mechanisms of neurotic defenses, learn to bring yourself back to normal and manage your mood, as well as develop a life strategy that is acceptable to you.
Sports and general strengthening activities also play an important role: establishing a daily routine, adequate sleep, water treatments, proper nutrition, vitamin therapy, etc.
And only in some cases is it added drug therapy: antidepressants, tranquilizers, antipsychotics.
More details about the treatment of neuroses here: http://preobrazhenie.ru/psychiatry/lechenie-nevrozov

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Are there hallucinations in neurosis? and got the best answer

Answer from Nobody[guru]
any hallucination is not quite a hallucination in the understanding that most people put into it)) after all, even a thought is material, and an image is even more material; another question is whether it was created by you, or whether you saw what exists without you
Someone
Thinker
(8887)
try to talk to them) just don’t be afraid and don’t get emotional

Answer from 2 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: Are there hallucinations in neurosis?

Answer from Irina Bon[guru]
B vitamins to help

Answer from Aziz Ulyushov[active]
your mind is slowly getting worse for you and the psychiatrist for you

Answer from Nikolay Kruzhkov[guru]
What psychotropic medications do you use? Amitriptyline? Sonapax? Diazepam? For neurosis obsessive states There should be no hallucinations (visual, auditory). What you just called hallucinations is not. These are obsessive ideas. Hallucinations usually occur when paranoid schizophrenia. Did you read " General psychopathology"Karl Jaspers?

Answer from Kosha[guru]
auditory hearing occurs, it seems that the phone is ringing or there is a knock on the door

Answer from Evgeny Egorenko[master]
1) Why not. Hallucinations occur with neurosis, and with sore throat, and with pyelonephritis. 2) Another thing is that all these conditions (diseases) in themselves cannot be the cause of hallucinations.

Answer from Vodoplyas[active]
Just go to a psychotherapist, they won't tell you anything useful.

Answer from Death Bearer[newbie]
Hallucinations are pathological symptoms that occur in disorders mental activity, in which a person feels (sees, hears, etc.) something that does not actually exist in the space around him. Hallucinations are obvious pathological manifestation mental disorders, since normally, with an unchanged psyche, they are absent in people of all ages of both sexes. The pathological symptom refers to disorders of perception of surrounding reality. Depending on which analyzer the disorder in the perception of surrounding reality occurs, hallucinations are divided into auditory, visual, olfactory, tactile, gustatory, visceral, speech and motor. Hallucinations of any nature can be caused mental illness, as well as brain damage (traumatic brain injury, meningitis, encephalitis, etc.) or severe pathologies internal organs. Hallucinations due to severe somatic diseases (internal organs) or brain damage are not a sign of a person’s mental illness. That is, a person suffering, for example, from heart failure or having suffered a traumatic brain injury, may experience hallucinations, but at the same time he is completely mentally healthy, and the disturbance in the perception of the surrounding reality was due to a serious illness. In addition, hallucinations can also appear in completely healthy people under the influence of substances that affect the functioning of the central nervous system, such as alcohol, drugs, psychotropic medications, toxic substances, etc. a brief description of and the essence of the symptom Understanding the essence and scientific definition hallucinations were produced during the study of this problem within the framework of general development psychiatry. Thus, the translation of the Latin word "allucinacio" means "pipe dreams", "idle chatter" or "nonsense", which is quite far from the modern meaning of the term "hallucinations". And the term “hallucinations” acquired its modern meaning only in the 17th century in the work of the Swiss physician Plater. But the final formulation of the concept of “hallucination,” which is still relevant today, was given only in the 19th century by Jean Esquirol. Thus, Esquirol gave the following definition of hallucinations: “a person is deeply convinced that he currently has some sensory perception, but there are no objects within his reach.” This definition is still relevant today because it reflects the main essence of this psychiatric symptom– a violation of the sphere of perception of surrounding reality, in which a person perceives objects that are absent from reality and at the same time is completely convinced that he is right. In short, hallucinations are the perception of something that is not actually there. this moment. That is, when a person smells smells that do not exist in reality, hears sounds that also do not exist in reality, sees objects that are absent in the surrounding space, etc., then these are hallucinations. At the same time, mirages do not belong to hallucinations, since this phenomenon is not a consequence of a violation of mental activity, but a natural phenomenon, the development of which is based on the laws of physics. Hallucinations must be distinguished from pseudohallucinations and illusions, which also refer to disturbances in the sphere of perception of the surrounding world that occur in severe mental disorders. Thus, the main difference between hallucinations and pseudohallucinations is their pronounced outward orientation and connection with objects that actually exist in the surrounding space. For example, a hallucination is that a person sees a spot sitting on a really existing chair, or hears sounds from behind a real existing door, or smells a smell coming from a ventilation system that exists in reality, etc. Pseudohallucinations are the opposite.

anonymous, Female, 19 years old

Hello. I can't tell this to anyone I know, so I'm writing to you. I can’t, because I’m somehow embarrassed to share such a problem. I'm 19, my social circle is limited to two people, not counting my family. Although my relationship with my family is strained, so we can consider it still two. I am reserved, uncommunicative, emotionally labile, I read a lot, and I only walk alone and only in deserted places. And loneliness is much more pleasant to me than communication. My studies at school were average. I don't smoke, I don't drink. At 15 (almost 16) years old I had breakdown, I was in the hospital, but my parents took me away with fear, saying, “after the psychiatric hospital, my life will be ruined.” After some time, I noticed three things about myself. 1) I began to study worse at school and remember information worse. It became difficult for me to concentrate on anything. My parents, who already treated me unkindly at that time, shouted, cursed, and threatened me because of my bad grades. I explained that it was just hard for me, that it didn’t get to me, but my father said that he didn’t care and that I could even bang my head against the wall and still get excellent grades. I must say that I studied in a gymnasium where three skins were torn from the students. Listening to angry parental sentiments and trying to cope school curriculum, which suddenly became incredibly difficult for me, I experienced constant nervous tension. 2) It became even harder for me to communicate with people. My diction worsened, I began to speak slurred and shyly. I still find it difficult to formulate thoughts out loud, so I prefer texting to correct words and catch myself when I start to get lost or slip off topic. I wouldn’t be able to tell you all this live. I seek solitude, I am somewhat prone to escapism. I wouldn’t leave the fictional/virtual world at all. My parents are unhappy with this and insult me ​​about this. My father says that “he’s tired of looking at my sour face.” You see, he doesn't like that I don't smile. How can I smile? And why should I pretend to be happy when I stupidly cry into my pillow every evening? (You can say that I need to talk to my parents and all that, but I have already been advised this. And I will not put up with them even at gunpoint. It is painful for me even when they look at me. They always say that I'm bad! Believe it or not, I write down particularly interesting insults) 3) the last thing I noticed and for the sake of which I am writing here. And I’m ashamed to talk about her even anonymously... When I’m alone, it seems to me that I hear voices. And I know that they are inside my head. I feel it when I start thinking about them. At first I thought it was just my thoughts. But they are disorderly, chaotic, completely unexpected. Men's, women's, children's. And not a single friend! I can think consciously, and they sound. They swear, talk to each other and rarely to me. And, please, don’t laugh, they even sing... What is this even?! I just want to know what the hell is going on in my head. Sometimes I mentally say “shut up”, I try to shout down, and at least give them a damn. This is the hubbub of the crowd, the buzzing of human voices, sometimes inaudible mumbling and muttering. I seem to be alone, but it’s like I’m in a crowd. It happens that I’m almost falling asleep and suddenly someone loudly and clearly utters some kind of nonsense or a single word. This makes me open my eyes and the dream disappears. Then I lie and listen to them. But sometimes you manage to shut everyone up. Sometimes one voice stands out from the many and tells me something purposefully. I try not to remember or listen. There are no voices when there are loud sounds. Only alone. What is this?? I hope you will say that these are just thoughts... Thank you for reading this far. Sorry for the chaotic presentation.

No, of course, I won’t say that “these are just thoughts” after you yourself have clearly defined everything: “At first I thought that these were just my thoughts. But they are disordered, chaotic, completely unexpected. Male, female, childish. ... I can consciously think, but they sound. They swear, talk to each other and rarely to me. ... even sing... I lie and listen to them." If you described everything as it is, then so it is. - this is the same doctor as, for example, a surgeon who can classify pain, treat it, predict the development of the disease associated with it, but he cannot know where and how exactly it hurts - the patient must tell about this, and if he expects for a correct diagnosis and treatment, then about any shyness, fear of looking funny, etc. there can be no question of that. There is nothing more important for a doctor than a complete, accurate and truthful description by the patient of his condition. You will need to remember this first of all when you contact a psychiatrist in person. There is no doubt that this needs to be done, but you can and even should choose a specific doctor in order to minimize discomfort during communication. Regarding what was said in your letter in absentia, I can only add that in the first part you describe a picture of a completely typical neurosis, which, as it should be, is formed in an unfavorable family atmosphere and/or in severe emotional experiences, chronic, insoluble conflicts, etc. In the second part of the letter, when you describe “voices,” you are most likely talking about psychosis. Psychotic experiences that occur in solitude or drowsy states are prognostically much more favorable than those that “burst” into clear waking consciousness, deprive criticism and disrupt behavior. There is a high probability that all the “voices” you described are of the so-called character. reactive psychosis(i.e. they are not independent endogenous disease, but a reaction to excessive emotional stress), in this case they will completely go away when you cure the neurosis. I stop here, because in order to find out the full picture of what is happening, you absolutely need a face-to-face consultation with a competent psychotherapeutic specialist, because I formulate my answer by communicating not with you, but with your text on the screen. For a psychiatrist this is a very serious difference. All the best!

In psychology, the appearance of hallucinations indicates the destruction of the psyche. Such a deviation is characterized by the reconstruction and perception of objects, other people, the sounds of which do not currently exist in the surrounding space.

Humanity has not yet fully studied the functioning of the brain. Little-studied areas include those responsible for hallucinations. There are cases where scientists, writers, musicians or sculptors evoked such visions to create their masterpieces. Sometimes, as a result of mixing the real and spiritual worlds perception, man created incredible things. But the end result has always been the same: the use of such methods leads to degradation and complete moral devastation. Hallucinations need to be treated because... it makes people dangerous to themselves and society.

Nature and reasons for development

The nature of hallucinations is interpreted by many scientific theories. Not long ago, Australian scientists put forward a new explanation: as a result of pathological reality testing, the perception of the real world is disrupted.

The definition of “reality testing” is interpreted as the ability to distinguish mental images and objects, a flight of fantasy from reality; adjust emotions and actions by analyzing actually existing environmental factors. Scientists argue that this term is not applicable to infants, because... the ability develops over time. As a result of improper reality testing, hallucinations and delusions can occur.

In most situations, it is reality testing that controls the functioning of the central nervous system. Therefore, the incorrect functioning of this segment can permanently destroy mental health and make a person dangerous both to himself and to society.

According to the nature of sensations, hallucinations are different: visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory and tactile. Each variety has its own reasons for its occurrence. For example, visual distortions of reality can be caused by the following:

• excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, which subsequently causes an attack of delirium tremens;
• as a result of drug intoxication;
• excess permissible dosage psychostimulant drugs;
• ingestion of organic tin structures into the body;
• toxins of some fungi and plants;
• with the disease peduncular hallucinosis.

Visual hallucinations often occur during sleep. It is quite difficult to distinguish from ordinary dreams. Waking up from a nightmare, a healthy person realizes that it was not real. If, before going to bed or after waking up, images pop up in your memory that seem quite real, but in fact they are not, you can say that there is a problem. At a doctor's appointment, relatives often tell how the patient walked around the apartment at night and talked, while sleeping all the time. In this case, it is necessary to pay Special attention to the patient.

The most common type is auditory hallucinations, which have the following causes:

Neurosis is accompanied by fragmentarily emerging images and outbursts that appear when falling asleep and waking up. Objective signs of hallucinations affecting the hearing organs: repeated repetition of certain phrases in the head, reproduction of melodies and dialogues. With schizophrenia, everything is much more complicated. Voices in the head are violent, ordering or prohibiting something to be done or said. The patient feels that he is constantly being accused and criticized of something, which is why he is constantly depressed.

Schizophrenia and tumors are also causes of olfactory hallucinations. A person smells unpleasant odors, most often the smells of rot, decomposition of corpses, etc. If schizophrenia is accompanied partial seizures, then the patient begins to feel different tastes without eating food.

Tactile hallucinations are characterized by the sensation of touching, the passage of current through the entire body, the patient thinks that there are foreign objects under the skin, etc.

This type of development is typical for schizophrenics and people with encephalitis. In addition, isolated cases have been recorded in which tactile hallucinations were provoked by the use of absinthe. The intoxication from this drink is not like regular alcohol.

Absinthe contains a special component - thujone, which in small quantities has a beneficial effect on performance. Exceeding the norm of this substance in the body can cause hallucinations of memory and sensations.

It is no secret that there are many plants that, after consumption, stupefy the mind. Most are assigned to narcotic drugs and is prohibited from distribution. However, some herbs that cause hallucinations have long been used to prepare medicines and pain relievers.

On the territory of Russia, the following plants are not on the list of prohibited substances: datura, wormwood, belladonna, catnip, henbane. Based on these herbs, sleeping pills, painkillers, and sedatives are made, but some craftsmen have invented their own recipes that cause auditory, visual and memory hallucinations.

Diseases that may cause hallucinations

In addition to neurosis and schizophrenia, there are a number of other diseases, during the development of which the psyche can weaken. Hallucinations are common in Parkinson's disease. Complex biochemical reactions occur in the patient's brain, which doctors try to control with the help of medications. If medications are not taken on time, serotonin metabolism is disrupted, which leads to visual and auditory hallucinations.

Older people may develop dementia. In addition to deterioration in mental activity, this disease entails symptoms of depression and changes in behavior: increased aggression, impaired coordination. Dementia may be accompanied by episodes of delirium, and sometimes memory hallucinations occur.

Characterized by bright visual hallucinations for patients with epilepsy. In this case, attacks of clouding of consciousness are extremely difficult. With temporal lobe epilepsy, attacks of delirium are possible, changing personal qualities patient, post-ictal disorders are complicated.

Sometimes patients go to the hospital complaining of visual and auditory hallucinations after a stroke. As a rule, this problem develops independently, without exposure to external stimuli. Elderly people who have suffered a stroke have problems with the perception of reality extremely often. However, in 60% they do not last long and go away on their own. If this does not happen, you need to undergo additional examination.

At diabetes mellitus neurological disorders that affect the brain and spinal cord, central nervous system.

If no measures are taken, over time the patient’s perception and sensitivity are impaired, visual hallucinations appear, and paralysis of the limbs is possible.

Another cause of memory hallucinations, sometimes complete loss, is amentia. This disease refers to a severe form of impaired consciousness. A person ceases to navigate in space, thinking slows down, and speech becomes incoherent. The disease is very difficult to treat and often ends in death.

Hallucinations that appeared during high blood pressure, are a clear sign hypertensive crisis. Accompanied by vomiting, nausea and dizziness. In this case, immediate hospitalization is necessary, because Without timely help, a stroke develops.

Depression is a mental disorder that exhibits some signs of psychosis. The disease creates a psychological barrier, due to which the patient withdraws into himself for an indefinite period, while the perception of the world is disrupted. The patient begins to hear voices and sees non-existent people. For treatment, special antidepressants may be prescribed, which, with increased dosage, only intensify hallucinations.

To understand why hallucinations appear after operations, you need to look into the composition of the anesthesia. Most anesthetics contain Calypsolom. People have different reactions to such a drug; after anesthesia, different states: weakness, agitation, hallucinations, nausea, high blood pressure.

Symptoms of hallucinations

In addition to variations in the way of sensation, this mental disorder divided into 2 groups: true and false (pseudo) hallucinations. The peculiarity of the true one is that sounds, images and touches are perceived by the senses, and it seems to a person that everything is really happening. The patient is no longer able to independently distinguish reality from fiction. Objective signs of true hallucinations:

Psychiatry studies mental disorders, and in the course of research the following has been established: a person perceives such hallucinations more vividly real life, and I’m sure everyone else sees it too.

Under the influence of such visions, a person commits various actions, these can be harmless actions or attacks on people and attempts to commit suicide.

False ones do not go beyond the head, the patient is still able to distinguish between really happening things and games of the mind. Symptoms of pseudohallucinations:

1. A person does not perceive images and sounds through the senses; it seems that everything happens in the head.
2. When you try to close your eyes and plug your ears to stop hearing the noise in your head, nothing helps.
3. Visions are not projected in the real world, i.e. it seems to the patient that everything is happening in another dimension.
4. Hallucinations that appear randomly in the head make the patient think that he is being suggested or subjected to hypnosis.

From the outside, it is extremely difficult to determine that a person is suffering from pseudohallucinations. The patient does not notice any strange behavior, does not talk to himself, etc. When symptoms appear, the person must recognize the problem and seek help.

True and pseudohallucinations affect several organs of perception, and therefore are divided into 2 more subtypes:

A malfunction of one of the sense organs is classified as simple hallucinations. They can appear from lack of sleep or frequent stress. Also, there are cases of simple hallucinations in diseases accompanied by a temperature above 40. Complex mental disorders affect the functioning of at least two sense organs, i.e. when a non-existent image appears in front of a person, he can communicate with it, touch it. Hallucinations of a complex nature can occur in people with a certain level of self-hypnosis, from drugs, in the presence of many complexes and a shattered psyche.

Scientists from England have found that hallucinations can occur not only in mentally ill people. This conclusion was made based on surveys conducted among the population different countries. Statistics show that 3% of healthy people on the planet experience auditory hallucinations. What this is connected with has not yet been precisely established, but according to statistics, the majority live alone or work in a constant environment stressful situations. 2% of respondents experienced memory hallucinations in which false memories they made you believe that the person had already been to this place and knew everything down to the smallest detail.

If a person experiences attacks of hallucinations or delusions, it is necessary to go to the clinic for examination. First of all, they are referred to a neurologist and psychologist; additional examination by an oncologist and narcologist may be required. The doctor must first determine why hallucinations occur; most often, incorrect reality testing is a consequence of some illness. Therefore, the treatment is quite complex and is selected individually for each case.

Local somatic diseases. In this case, we are almost always talking about elementary hallucinations. In case of damage or other diseases of the eye or optic nerve there are optical ones. In some cases, diseases cause acoustic hallucinations. But more often it is “co-hearing” together with tinnitus.

Hallucinations of smell are observed in diseases of the area olfactoria or basal temporal lobes.

“Physiological” hallucinations: hypnagogic (when falling asleep), hypnopompic (when waking up) hallucinations. Deceptions of the senses various kinds, mostly optical and acoustic, in the stage of falling asleep and awakening, with incomplete activity and laziness of consciousness. The content of such hallucinations mostly depends on feelings: for example, family (a son sees a dead mother) or religious (the appearance of God). Such hallucinations are not painful. In many cases they are in the nature of pseudohallucinations. The capacity for such perceptions varies enormously among people.

Certain sensory situations: due to sensory deprivation in experimental or natural conditions, and also when overloaded with stimuli, hallucinations of an optical or acoustic nature may occur.

Certain life situations, for example, alone. Such hallucinations in isolation largely depend on mood. Eg. if fear is accompanied crazy ideas persecutions and hallucinations arise as confirmation of delusions. The patient hears whispers about him, a conspiracy is formed, he is sentenced to death, or he hears the steps of his task, or smells the gas that is let in to poison him, or the taste of poison sprinkled into food. On the other hand, the thirst for liberation and pardon can be refracted in the sense of delirium of pardon. In some cases, voices are heard telling the patient about this.

The hallucinations of this group also include visionary experiences of religiously minded people, especially when they prepare for these experiences through fasting, withdrawal from the world and meditation.

In acute somatically caused psychoses, in an acute exogenous type of reaction, especially in delirium, there are a large number of hallucinations of many types of sensitivity. If in this case hallucinations are in the foreground and consciousness does not clearly suffer, we speak of e. These hallucinations in acute Somatogenically caused psychoses also include all toxic hallucinations that occur under the influence of medications, hallucinogens, etc. With these hallucinations and deliriums of various natures (including alcoholic and atherosclerotic delirium), mostly optical, and often vestibular and kinesthetic hallucinations are experienced. They occur in most cases together with other perceptual deceptions.

Chronic organic psychoses can also occur with hallucinations, for example. Dermato - and enterozoic delirium with. Optical hallucinosis occurs in senile, atherosclerotic and other chronic brain damage.

With hallucinatory experiences, psychomotor agitation occurs, as well as with long-term paranoid-hallucinatory, often schizophrenia-like, psychoses of epileptics.

First of all, there is a certain auditory hallucination and various bodily hallucinations, while other hallucinatory manifestations are reduced and, above all, optical hallucinations are not characteristic. They are observed in a number of cases during acute dramatic schizophrenic episodes with dreamlike stupefaction (schizophrenic delirium). Hallucinations in schizophrenia are almost always associated with the formation of delusions, which is generally not typical for organic psychoses.

At endogenous depression Hallucinations are generally uncommon. During a systematic survey of hospitalized patients with a pronounced decrease in the sense of vitality, hallucinations of smell are often revealed: cadaverous smell, the smell of decay, decomposition, dead bodies, cemeteries, etc. Some melancholic people see frightening shadows, skeletons, figures of devils, death on the wall. The hallucinations here fully correspond to the mood of the patients: synthymic.

Obsessional hallucinations occur in obsessional neurosis, endogenous depression, schizophrenia, and organic psychosis.