The use of a variety of medications in children always raises many questions. After all, it is not permissible to use them in children in all situations. For example, quite often parents ask whether Biseptol is harmful to children.
"Biseptol" in its effect is a drug for the destruction of pathogens in the form of bacteria. However, it does not belong to the category of antibiotics at all. It consists of two active components: sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. They affect pathogens in the following way: they destroy bacterial cells and prevent their reproduction. This drug, as a result of various clinical trials has shown its high effectiveness against bacteria such as staphylococci, streptococci, salmonella, listeria and microbacteria. 
Most often, this drug is recommended to be used when various reasons usage strong means– different antibiotics – impossible. Therefore, parents often turn to Biseptol so as not to feed their child antibiotics. The main thing is to correctly follow the instructions for use for Biseptol for children.
Naturally, you should remember that such a remedy still belongs to the category of potent ones, so it is not intended for self-medication. Its use, especially in children, must be approved by a doctor.
When is this drug prescribed: subtleties and nuances
This drug indicates that it is successfully used to get rid of a number of pathologies. Moreover, they are not always of the same category. For example, Biseptol is often prescribed when:
- various diseases respiratory tract, which include such serious problems as pneumonia, bronchitis, etc.
- angina;
- sinusitis;
- otitis;
- various infections caused by intestinal pathogens;
- infectious and inflammatory processes, formed in the excretory system;
- skin infectious problems.
Composition and release form of this drug
In order to better understand the principle of action of this drug, it is worth looking at its name. It’s just translated from Latin language directly says that there are 2 components that fight the processes of decay and inflammation.
Modern pharmaceuticals offer several forms of release:
- tablets for adults;
- tablets for children;
- suspension for children;
- ampoules.
Tablets are usually rarely prescribed to children. After all, only adult children can take such drug options correctly and adequately. The most commonly used is a suspension. Remember that for Biseptol suspension, the instructions for use for children must be followed as precisely as possible. It is a more pleasant-tasting medicine, which is also easier to swallow.
Ampoules are most often used in hospital settings or are used to prepare medicinal solutions.
What dosages are usually prescribed for children?
This drug can be used in children aged 6 weeks and older, i.e. from 1.5 months. Naturally, only a suspension is prescribed for such babies, because They don’t know how to swallow pills yet. The instructions usually include detailed diagram taking the drug. The standard dosage for babies is 5 ml - this is an ordinary teaspoon in ordinary dishes. The drug can be given once, both in the morning and in the evening - in this situation this does not play any critical role.
If it is already possible to agree with yours, i.e. He is already old enough, he was prescribed a tablet form of the drug, it is worth giving it like this:
- children under 5 years old: 2 tablets at a dosage of 120 mg twice;
- for schoolchildren under 12 years of age, a dosage of 480 mg is used a couple of times a day - this is one tablet in the appropriate dosage;
- Children over 12 years of age need to take 2 tablets with a dosage of 480 g twice a day.
How long the treatment will take is determined in each specific case, taking into account various indications. Courses of treatment, even according to average estimates, can take from 5 to 14 days.
What are the rules for taking the drug in the form of a suspension?
If there are usually no questions about taking pills, then with the Biseptol suspension everything is not always 100% obvious. For example, in the description of the drug and methods of its use, they usually indicate the need to first shake the product before use. But in reality, rarely does anyone actually follow the instructions. And this is necessary. After all, any suspension consists of at least 2 parts: liquid and powder. When they settle, they separate and the active substance ends up at the bottom. And if you take the drug without shaking, you can get a placebo effect when you just drink some water. At this moment the medicine remained at the bottom.
Due to the fact that doctors, counting on children, create a drug in liquid form with a sweet taste, kids like it. And it is advised to store it out of the reach of children. Otherwise, there is a risk of getting an overdose, the results of which will be simply unpredictable.
Rules for taking the drug: what should be strictly followed
Although Biseptol is not an antibiotic in the full sense of the word, you need to drink it correctly to get the desired effect. Thus, a 12-hour break in taking the medicine is required, so you need to choose your time so that this gap remains unchanged.
It is also worth remembering that Biseptol is recommended to be given to children only after meals. Otherwise, you greatly risk the health of your baby, because this leads to the development serious problems with the stomach, because The drug, when it gets on the mucous membrane, irritates it.
Be sure to complete the full course of treatment. This is the only way to achieve effect. Therefore, you should not limit yourself to three days when five are shown, even if noticeable improvements have appeared.
Suspension for oral administration is white or light cream in color, with a strawberry odor. 80 ml - dark glass bottles - cardboard packs.
pharmachologic effect
Co-trimoxazole is a combined antimicrobial drug consisting of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in a ratio of 5:1.
Indications for use
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:
- respiratory tract infections: chronic bronchitis (exacerbation), Pneumocystis pneumonia (treatment and prevention) in adults and children;
- ENT infections: otitis media(in children);
- infections genitourinary organs: infections urinary tract, chancroid;
- gastrointestinal infections: typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, shigellosis (caused by sensitive strains of Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei);
- traveler's diarrhea caused by enterotoxic strains of Escherichia coli, cholera (in addition to fluid and electrolyte replacement);
- other bacterial infections (possibly combined with antibiotics): nocardiosis, brucellosis (acute), actinomycosis, osteomyelitis (acute and chronic), South American blastomycosis, toxoplasmosis (as part of complex therapy).
Directions for use and doses
Inside, after eating with a sufficient amount of liquid.
Adults and children over 12 years of age: 960 mg every 12 hours; for severe infections - 1440 mg every 12 hours; for urinary tract infection - 10-14 days, for exacerbation chronic bronchitis- 14 days, for travelers' diarrhea and shigellosis - 5 days. The minimum dose and dose for long-term treatment (more than 14 days) is 480 mg every 12 hours.
Children: from 2 months (or 6 weeks at birth from mothers with HIV infection) up to 5 months - 120 mg, from 6 months to 5 years - 240 mg, from 6 to 12 years - 480 mg every 12 hours, which approximately corresponds to a dose of 36 mg/kg per day.
Course of treatment for urinary tract infections and acute otitis media- 10 days, shigellosis - 5 days. For severe infections, doses for children can be increased by 50%.
At acute infections minimum duration of treatment - 5 days; after the symptoms disappear, therapy is continued for 2 days. If after 7 days of therapy there is no clinical improvement, the patient’s condition should be re-evaluated for possible treatment adjustment.
Soft chancroid - 960 mg every 12 hours; If after 7 days healing of the skin element does not occur, therapy can be extended for another 7 days. However, the lack of effect may indicate resistance of the pathogen.
For women with acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections, a single dose of 1920-2880 mg is recommended, if possible in the evening after meals or before bed.
For pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii - 30 mg/kg 4 times a day with an interval of 6 hours for 14-21 days.
For the prevention of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii, adults and children over 12 years of age - 960 mg/day. For children under 12 years of age - 450 mg/m2 every 12 hours, for 3 consecutive days every week. Total daily dose should not exceed 1920 mg. In this case, you can use the following instructions: per 0.26 m2 of body surface - 120 mg, respectively, per 0.53 m2 - 240 mg, per 1.06 m2 - 480 mg.
For other bacterial infections, the dose is selected individually depending on age, body weight, kidney function and severity of the disease, for example, for nocardiosis in adults - 2880-3840 mg/day for at least 3 months (sometimes up to 18 months). The course of treatment for acute brucellosis is 3-4 weeks, for typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever - 1-3 months.
Contraindications
- liver and/or renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 15 ml/min);
- aplastic anemia, B12-deficiency anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia;
- deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
- simultaneous use with dofetilide;
- lactation period;
- childhood up to 2 months or up to 6 weeks at birth from a mother with HIV infection;
- increased sensitivity to sulfonamides, trimethoprim and/or other components of the drug.
special instructions
Particular caution should be exercised when treating elderly patients or patients with suspected underlying folate deficiency.
Purpose folic acid It is also advisable when long-term treatment in high doses.
It is also inappropriate to use during treatment food products containing large quantities of PABA are the green parts of plants ( cauliflower, spinach, legumes), carrots, tomatoes.
Storage conditions
Store at a temperature not exceeding 25°C. Protect from light. Keep out of the reach of children.
Biseptol can be given to children from the very beginning. early age. It's effective antimicrobial agent with a wide spectrum of action.
Can Biseptol be used for children?
Many years of use of the drug, as well as numerous studies carried out with it, allow us to give a positive answer to the question of whether Biseptol can be given to children and at what age.Biseptol is a combined antibacterial drug containing two active substances- sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim.
These substances are not used separately. Together they complement each other's action.
Trimethoprim prevents the proliferation of bacteria, and sulfamethoxazole kills those microbes that still remain.
Biseptol is available in several dosage forms containing different doses of the drug. The preferred form of use of the drug is Biseptol suspension for children. Its price is quite low, but despite this, Biseptol for children (reviews from experts confirm this) helps very well with various kinds of inflammatory diseases.
Biseptol for children, instructions
We have already agreed that the most the best option for children - Biseptol suspension. The instructions state that the drug can be taken by children from 2 months.The dosage of Biseptol for children depends on their age. For example, according to the instructions for use, Biseptol is prescribed to children from 2 to 6 months at a dose of 120 mg. For children under 5 years of age, the dose is doubled. After 5 years, the dose is 480 mg.
Many mothers are also interested in the following question: “how to give Biseptol to children.” Usually the package contains a measuring spoon. The suspension (some call it syrup) of Biseptol for children contains 240 mg of the drug in 5 ml. This means that a child under 6 months should be given half a spoon. The rest is easy to calculate on your own.
Biseptol suspension for children, according to many parents, quite quickly leads to a reduction in acute symptoms of the disease, improving them general condition and ultimately to recovery.
Biseptol, indications and contraindications
Indications and contraindications for Biseptol have been defined very precisely over many years of its use. The drug is used to treat many infectious diseases respiratory tract, ENT organs, genitourinary system.The drug is also effective for diseases gastrointestinal tract caused by sensitive pathogens of typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, shigellosis; for travelers' diarrhea and many other pathologies.
Biseptol should not be used in case of severe damage to the liver and kidneys, deficiency of a special enzyme - glucose phosphate dehydrogenase, during lactation.
Biseptol is also contraindicated for children under 2 months.
Biseptol is prescribed quite often, but, nevertheless, it is not intended for self-use. The fact that you have successfully used it in treating your child before does not mean that it will help this time.
Proven to have a big impact individual characteristics human body on the effectiveness of the drug. The geographic location of the patient, and even the water he drinks also affects its effect!
In addition, previous use of the drug may lead to the development of resistance of microbes living in the human body. This is especially true during exacerbations of chronic processes, and this means that the drug may be powerless. Therefore, before giving Biseptol to children, consult a doctor, tell him in detail both about the development of the disease and about the diseases the child suffered in the past and how you treated them. This is the only way the doctor can immediately prescribe effective course drug therapy, which will not cause harm.
Akrikhin KhFK (Russia), Ortat/Pabianicki pharmaceutical plant Polfa (Poland), Pabianicki pharmaceutical plant Polfa (Poland)
pharmachologic effect
Antibacterial wide range, bactericidal, antiprotozoal.
Active against a number of gram-positive (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides) and gram-negative (Enterobacteriaceae - Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., Yersinia spp.; Haemophilus ducreyi, some strains of H.influenzae, Legionella pneumophila, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., some strains of Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Citrobacter spp., Neisseria spp.) microorganisms, as well as Moraxella catarrhalis, Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, incl. h. resistant to sulfonamides.
The mechanism of action is due to a double blocking effect on bacterial metabolism.
Sulfamethoxazole, similar in structure to PABA, is captured by the microbial cell and prevents the inclusion of PABA in the dihydrofolic acid molecule.
Trimethoprim reversibly inhibits bacterial dihydrofolate reductase, disrupts the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid from dihydrofolic acid, the formation of purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleic acids; inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms.
Both components are quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
The maximum concentration in the blood is reached after 1-4 hours, the antibacterial concentration is maintained for 7 hours.
Both substances are biotransformed in the liver to form inactive metabolites.
They are evenly distributed in the body, pass through histohematic barriers, and create concentrations in the lungs and urine that exceed the content in plasma.
To a lesser extent accumulate in bronchial secretions, vaginal secretions, secretions and tissue prostate gland, middle ear fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, bile, bones, saliva, aqueous humor of the eye, breast milk, interstitial fluid.
They have the same elimination rate, the half-life is 10-11 hours.
In children, the half-life is significantly shorter and depends on age.
Excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites and unchanged.
Side effects of Biseptol
From the gastrointestinal tract:
- dyspepsia,
- nausea, nausea
- vomiting
- anorexic,
- rarely - cholestatic and necrotizing hepatitis,
- increased transaminases and bilirubin,
- pseudomembranous enterocoli,
- pancreati,
- stomatitis,
- glossitis.
From the hematopoietic organs:
- agranulocyto,
- aplastic anemia,
- thrombocytopenia,
- hemolytic anemia,
- megaloblastic anemia,
- hypoprothrombinemia,
- methemoglobinemi,
- eosinophilia.
From the urinary system:
- crystallury,
- renal failure,
- interstitial nephritis,
- increase in plasma creatinine,
- toxic nephropathy with oliguria and anuria.
Allergic reactions:
- hives,
- toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome,
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome,
- allergic myocardium,
- erythema multiforme,
- exfoliative dermatitis,
- Quinc's edema,
- redness of the skin,
- increase in body temperature.
Others:
- hyperkalemia,
- hyponatremia,
- aseptic meninges,
- peripheral neuritis,
- headache,
- depression,
- arthralgia,
- myalgi,
- weakness,
- photosensitivity.
Indications for use
Respiratory tract infections:
- bronchitis (acute and chronic, prevention of relapses), bronchiectasis, pleural empyema, lung abscess, pneumonia (treatment and prevention), incl. caused by Pneumocystis carinii in patients with AIDS;
- urinary tract: urethritis, cystitis, pyelitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, epididymitis;
- urogenital: gonorrhea, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma inguinale;
- Gastrointestinal tract: bacterial diarrhea, shigellosis, cholera (as part of combination therapy), typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever (including bacterial carriage), cholecystitis, cholangitis, gastroenteritis caused by enterotoxic strains of E. coli; skin and soft tissues: acne, furunculosis, pyoderma, erysipelas, wound infections, soft tissue abscesses;
- ENT organs: otitis media, sinusitis, laryngitis;
- surgical;
- septicemia, meningitis, osteomyelitis (acute and chronic), brain abscess, acute brucellosis, South American blastomycosis, malaria (Plasmodium falciparum), toxoplasmosis and whooping cough (as part of complex therapy).
Contraindications Biseptol
Hypersensitivity (including to sulfonamides or trimethoprim), liver or renal failure, B12-deficiency anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, pregnancy, breastfeeding, children (up to 2 months - for oral administration, up to 6 years - for parenteral administration), hyperbilirubinemia in children.
Directions for use and dosage
Inside, after meals, with a sufficient amount of liquid.
The dose is set individually.
For children:
- from 2 to 5 years - 240 mg 2 times a day;
- from 6 to 12 years - 480 mg 2 times a day.
For pneumonia - 100 mg/kg/day (calculated as sulfamethoxazole), interval between doses 6 hours, course - 14 days.
For gonorrhea - 2000 mg (calculated as sulfamethoxazole) 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours.
Adults and children over 12 years old:
- 960 mg 2 times a day,
- for long-term therapy - 480 mg 2 times a day.
The course of treatment is 5-14 days, in severe cases and/or chronic form diseases single dose can be increased by 30-50%.
If the course of treatment exceeds 5 days and/or an increase in dose is necessary, therapy should be carried out under hematological supervision; if the blood picture changes, it is necessary to prescribe folic acid 5-10 mg/day.
Overdose
Symptoms:
- anorexic,
- nausea, nausea
- vomiting
- weakness,
- stomach pain,
- headache,
- sleepy,
- hematuria and crystalluria.
Treatment:
- gastric lavage,
- administration of fluids,
- correction of electrolyte disturbances.
If necessary, hemodialysis.
For chronic overdose characterized by oppression bone marrow(pancytopenia).
Treatment and prevention:
- administration of folic acid (5-15 mg daily).
Interaction
NSAIDs, antidiabetic drugs (sulfonylurea derivatives), diphenin, indirect anticoagulants, thiazide diuretics, barbiturates enhance therapeutic (and side) effects (displace them from the connection with plasma proteins and increase the concentration in the blood), anesthesin and novocaine - reduce (because in As a result of their hydrolysis, PABA is formed).
Hexamethylenetetramine (urotropine), ascorbic acid increase crystalluria (cause acidification of urine).
Increases the effect of phenytoin, diphenin, warfarin.
Reduces the reliability of oral contraception (inhibits intestinal microflora and reduces the enterohepatic circulation of hormonal compounds).
Pyrimethamine increases the likelihood of megaloblastic anemia.
special instructions
In patients with impaired renal function, the dose should be adjusted depending on creatinine clearance.
Use with caution in cases of possible folic acid deficiency, aggravated allergy history, bronchial asthma, liver dysfunction and thyroid gland.
If a rash, cough, arthralgia or other symptoms appear, use should be stopped immediately.
Long-term administration is carried out with systematic monitoring of the cellular composition of peripheral blood, functional state liver and kidneys.
Excessive sun and UV exposure should be avoided.
Risk side effects significantly higher in AIDS patients.
Concomitant administration of folic acid to HIV-infected patients increases the likelihood of development of sulfonamide resistance in Pneumocystis carinii strains.
Storage conditions
List B.
In a place protected from light, at room temperature.
Biseptol is combination drug for the treatment of various bacterial infections. Contrary to very popular belief, Biseptol is not an antibiotic.
Its difference is that it is synthetic drug, and antibiotics are products of natural (animal, microbial or plant) origin.
Is it possible to use Biseptol in childhood?
Despite the fact that modern pharmacology is rapidly moving forward, and new ones are constantly appearing antibacterial drugs, Biseptol is in great demand for the treatment of infections in adults and children.
In European countries, contraindication for use is under 12 years of age. But in domestic medicine Biseptol is allowed to be used from 2 months of age, in rare cases from 6 weeks.
Medical practice shows that Biseptol quickly and effectively relieves symptoms of infectious diseases in infants and preschoolers. The decision about the need to use the drug should be made only by the attending physician.
Since Biseptol puts a lot of stress on the intestines and kidneys, it is necessary to adjust the child’s diet. You should reduce your consumption of legumes, cabbage, carrots and leafy greens.
What does it cure?
Biseptol is taken for diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the active substances. Biseptol affects gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. These include:
- Streptococci.
- Staphylococci.
- Klebsiella.
- Escherichia coli.
- Haemophilus influenzae.
- Chlamydia.
- Enterococci.
- Toxoplasma.
- Salmonella.
The drug gives a positive effect in the treatment of infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, provided that they are caused not by viruses, but by bacteria sensitive to Biseptol:
- Tracheitis.
- Lung abscess.
- Alveolitis.
- Sinusitis.
- Pharyngitis.
- Sinusitis.
- Adenoiditis.
- Tonsillitis.
In addition, Biseptol is used in the treatment of ENT diseases, urinary tract infections and bacterial skin rashes.
Treatment possible intestinal infections in children caused by coli or salmonella, Biseptol. But, since there are many more safe drugs, then Biseptol is used in exceptional cases. For example, in severe cases of the disease in children with reduced immunity.
Biseptol in the form of ampoules for invasions is used for the following diseases:
- Severe urinary tract infections.
- Pneumocystis pneumonia.
- Toxoplasmosis.
Forms of release of the drug
On pharmacy shelves you can find Biseptol in several forms:
- Tablets for adults (480 mg).
- Children's suspension.
- Ampoules for invasions.
Infants and young children are prescribed a suspension - the most convenient form for use. With age, when the child is able to swallow tablets, it is possible to use the tablet form.
Children's Biseptol has a pleasant taste, so you won't have to persuade your child to take the medicine for a long time. Ampoules for invasions are used only in a hospital setting under the supervision of doctors.
Instructions for use
The effectiveness of Biseptol directly depends on correct application of the drug and with strict adherence to the dosage. Biseptol in the form of a suspension is allowed to be taken by children from 2 months of age, and in rare cases from 6 weeks of age.
- Children from two to five months are prescribed a 2.5 ml suspension. twice a day.
- From six months to five years, 5 ml. twice a day. From the age of two, if the child can swallow tablets, two tablets of 120 mg should be taken. in the morning and in the evening.
- A single dosage for a six-year-old child is 480 mg. in tablets or 10 ml. suspensions.
- From the age of twelve, if a child takes the suspension, it is necessary to take 20 ml. twice a day. Or 960 mg if the drug is used in tablets.
Compound
The active ingredients of the drug are sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Their action is aimed at suppressing the growth and reproduction of bacteria. The combination of these drugs is called Co-trimaxazole. The main component, sulfamethoxazole, is a powerful bactericidal substance. The action of the second component is aimed at enhancing the influence of the first.
Biseptol contains excipients: starch, magnesium stearate, propylene glycol, flavorings. A big plus is the absence of sugar in the composition.
Side effects
More often unpleasant consequences taking Biseptol are painful sensations in the abdominal area, feeling of nausea, vomiting. If these side effects are rare and do not cause discomfort, then you do not have to stop taking the drug.
In what cases is it necessary to consult a doctor:
- Dizziness, headache.
- Attacks of coughing, suffocation.
- Bronchospasm.
- Urinary disorders.
- Muscle and joint pain.
- Skin reactions: itching, rashes, dermatitis.
- Quincke's edema.
When taken for a long time, blood counts should be monitored, as the drug can affect its chemical composition.
In addition to the main side effects, the following changes can be observed:
- Inflammation of the pancreas, stomach, liver, intestines.
- Anemia, decreased blood counts (leukocytes, platelets, neutrophils), increased number of eosinophils.
- Kidney dysfunction or inflammation.
- Inflammation of the membranes of the brain or peripheral nerves.
Infants may not always complain of pain, so parents should monitor the child’s condition, appetite and behavior.
Contraindications
Biseptol is a powerful drug, therefore, before starting treatment, you must make sure that there are no contraindications for use.
The drug is not used in children with intolerance to the constituent components, disorders of the kidneys and liver, diseases of the thyroid gland, severe renal failure. Diseases are also contraindications circulatory system: leukopenia, agranulocytosis, different kinds anemia.
Take with caution for various forms of allergies.
Biseptol's analogs
Biseptol is the most common of these drugs. A little less often you can see domestically produced Co-trimaxazole and English Septrin. There are other drugs that are similar in active substance: Oriprim, Baktsid, Berlocit, Trimezol.
Resolve the issue of replacement medicine the child should be decided only by the attending physician.
Cost of the drug
Biseptol is a drug that is affordable for everyone. Baby suspension costs approx. 110-170 rubles. The cost of Biseptol tablets for children varies from 90 to 150 rubles.
