Indirect exposure to humans is an exposure that occurs not through direct contact, but through changes in the abiotic and biotic environment.
The indirect effect is expressed in the fact that diseases can arise as a result of disruption of the natural balance.
So, with the help of the latest insecticides In Africa, during the Sahel era, large areas were freed from the tsetse fly, the carrier of the Nagana disease, which impeded the development of cattle breeding. The number of livestock increased sharply, which led to overgrazing of the meager savannahs by livestock; then, when drought came, hundreds of thousands of cattle fell victim to it, and people starved to death by the thousands.
Evaporation of dichlorvos is perhaps the most convenient method used to completely free residential areas from insects. Tapes used in households to control textile pests that evaporate this substance are considered
USA are toxic: they “cause birth injuries and death of fetuses in rats, and are therefore unsafe for humans.”
The long-distance transfer of technogenic substances has an indirect effect on humans. In the Moscow region, the average pH value in precipitation is 3-3.5 (the norm is 5.6). For example, acid precipitation, especially in the form of snow, is regularly observed in the Istra region. Such precipitation is dangerous to humans not so much through its direct effects as through its indirect effects. They worsen its physicochemical properties and disrupt plant nutrition, and therefore have a detrimental effect on animal health, increase the toxic effect of other pollutants, etc.
Main pollutants, their classification. Land plantings as a means of human protection
A pollutant is a subject of environmental impact, the amount of which is higher than the natural level. Pollution can be caused by any agent, including the purest, i.e. pollution is everything that is in the wrong place, at the wrong time and in the wrong quantity that is natural for nature, which takes it out of balance .
As already noted, according to origin they distinguish natural And anthropogenic pollution . Natural pollution arises as a result of natural, usually catastrophic processes. Anthropogenic pollution arises as a result of human activities, including their direct or indirect influence on the intensity of natural pollution.
Air pollutants. Air pollutants are mechanical, chemical, physical and biological.
Mechanical pollutants - dust, garbage. They are formed during the combustion of fossil fuels and during the production of building materials. With this type of pollution, the most harmful particles are those with a diameter of up to 0.005 mm. Many diseases are associated with dusty air: tuberculosis, allergic diseases of the bronchi, etc.; a high concentration of dust in the air causes atrophy of the mucous membranes of the nose and bleeding.
Green spaces clear the air of dust and weaken the effect of other harmful impurities. For example, a spruce plantation
collects 32 tons of dust per 1 hectare from the air, pine - 36.4 tons, beech - 68 tons per 1 hectare. The forest, being able to filter annually up to 50-70 tons of dust on an area of 1 hectare, reduces the risk of disease from both the listed and many other diseases.
Chemical pollutants - these are substances that have penetrated into the ecosystem, either alien to it or present in it, but in concentrations exceeding the norm.
The most common toxic air pollutants are the following.
Carbon compounds: carbon dioxide CO 2, which is not harmful in small concentrations; carbon monoxide (CO), very toxic, but diffuses quickly in the atmosphere; unburned hydrocarbons or oxidized substances (aldehydes and acids).
Sulfur compounds: sulfur dioxide (SO 2), which can transform into sulfuric anhydride (SO 3) and in the presence of water or its vapor forms sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4).
Forest plantations can serve both as a mechanical barrier to gas and as protection against chemical pollution of the atmosphere.
One hectare of forest plantations absorbs in 1 hour all the carbon dioxide that is released during this time by 200 people, i.e. 8 kg. One broad-leaved tree with a crown projection of 150 m2 provides in 10 years the amount of oxygen needed for 2 years of life of one person.
Physical pollutants - These are excess sources of energy entering the biosphere from man-made causes.
One of the unfavorable factors of the urban environment is noise, which is random, non-periodic vibrations of sound of various physical natures. It has been established that noise within 30-40 dB is a comfort zone, above 120 dB is the pain threshold for a person.
Green spaces can provide protection from noise sources. More reliable protection from noise is achieved by installing noise barriers from noise sources.
Biological pollutants - species of organisms alien to the ecosystem. Pollution by microorganisms is also called bacteriological.
Particularly dangerous is special or accidental air pollution. strains of pathogenic microorganisms
mov, created in the laboratories of the armed forces of some countries.
Plants in an ecosystem are able to fight alien species with the help of specific substances they secrete, which are called phytoncides. For example, 1 m2 of air in a pine forest contains only 200-300 bacteria, i.e. 2 times less than in a mixed forest.
Water pollutants. The situation with drinking water in Russia is characterized as critical - it is a direct threat to public health. The impurities that affect the safety of drinking water resources are divided into the following categories.
Inorganic chemicals, which include mercury, cadmium, nitrates, lead and their compounds, as well as chromium and copper compounds. Toxic substances in wastewater are toxic to hydrobionts and often cause their death. For example, arsenic is lethal for planktonic crustaceans, daphnia and cyclops in concentrations of 0.25-2.5 mg/l, and for fish - 10-20 mg/l.
Organic pollutants can be of plant, animal and chemical origin. Vegetables include remains of paper, fruits and vegetables, vegetable oils and other pollutants of animal origin - physiological secretions of people, animals, residues of fat and muscle tissue, adhesive substances, etc. Organic chemical pollutants include oil and petroleum products, pesticides; wastewater; waste from tanning, pulp and paper, and brewing industries.
Bacterial and biological contaminants are various microorganisms, yeast and mold fungi, small algae and bacteria, including the causative agents of typhoid, paratyphoid, dysentery, as well as helminth eggs that come with the secretions of humans and animals. Self-cleaning agents are bacteria, fungi and algae. It was found that during bacterial self-purification, no more than 50% of bacteria remain after 24 hours, and 0.5% after 96 hours. The process of bacterial self-purification slows down greatly in winter.
Radioactive pollutants pose a great threat to the life of water bodies as ecosystems and human health. Their sources are tests of thermonuclear weapons under water, plants for purifying uranium ore and processing nuclear fuel for reactors, nuclear power plants, and radioactive waste sites.
Soil pollutants. The main soil pollutants are:
pesticides, used to control weeds, insects and rodents - pests of agricultural crops;
fertilizers;
oil and petroleum products;
emissions industrial enterprises . The soils around large cities and large enterprises are colored and ferrous metallurgy, chemical and petrochemical industries, mechanical engineering, thermal power plants at a distance of several tens of kilometers are contaminated with heavy metals, lead compounds, sulfur and other toxic substances;
landfills for household and industrial waste. A special problem V urban environment, associated exclusively with high population, is the elimination household waste, especially inorganic ones. Disposal of industrial and household waste to landfills leads to pollution and irrational use of land, pollution of the atmosphere, surface and ground waters, increased transportation costs and irretrievable loss of valuable materials and substances.
Self-test questions
In what forms does the influence of biosphere pollution on the human body manifest itself?
What are the sources of biosphere pollution?
What is the direct impact of biosphere pollution on humans?
What diseases are caused by biosphere pollution?
What is the indirect impact of biosphere pollution on humans?
Give examples of the indirect impact of biosphere pollution on humans.
Name the main air pollutants.
What protective measures are used to reduce at-
atmospheric pollution?
Name the main soil pollutants.
What types of economic activities lead to soil pollution?
Direct influence consists in openly presenting to the client the claims and demands of the consultant: direct message, prescription.
Direct communication involves openly presenting your thoughts and feelings about an event or phenomenon. In advisory practice it can be used both to obtain feedback from the client, and as a technique for initiating the client to greater frankness, to create a trusting atmosphere. Direct influence includes prescriptions.
Prescriptions present tasks for the client (or clients, if the reception is a couple or family), which he performs in the intervals between meetings with the consultant.
Instructions differ from advice in that the consultant insists on its implementation.
Highlight two types of orders: direct and indirect.
Direct orders are given when the consultant has enough authority to ensure that the instructions are followed.
Haley identifies the following situations for the application of regulations:
1) prescriptions are given with the aim of acquiring new subjective experience by the client;
2) orders are used to make the relationship between the family and the consultant more intense (for the entire period for which the order is given, the consultant is present in the client’s life);
3) prescriptions serve to collect information (the client’s reaction to the prescription itself, its implementation or non-compliance).
In order for the order to be carried out, it must be given in a form that is clear and understandable to the client. In addition, before giving an order, it is necessary to motivate the client to carry it out. To do this, the consultant must explain to the client that compliance with the prescription meets his goals. If the order is given to family and goals family members are not the same, then it is necessary to explain to everyone how this prescription is related to the achievement of his particular goal.
If the task is complex, then it is necessary to ask the client to repeat it, and also discuss with him how he will remind himself of its completion. “First of all, the therapist should consider that the most difficult thing is to insist that a person stop doing what he is doing. This is only possible if the authority of the therapist is very high and the problem is very minor. The therapist will achieve more if he instructs family members to behave differently from the way they have behaved before. For example, if during a session the therapist asks the father to intervene and help the mother and daughter, then compliance with this instruction within next week will be perceived simply as a continuation. The therapist needs to select tasks family friendly. For example, some families may find it better to present the instructions as something small and easy to follow. This may be appropriate in the case of a reluctant family. Other families love crises, they have a strong sense of drama, and they should present the order as something big and significant. In some cases, it is better for the therapist not to provide any motivation at all. This will work if in front of him is a family of intellectuals, finding fault with every word and debunking every idea. In this case, he can simply say: “I want you to do kg and cold.” I have my reasons for this prescription, but I prefer not to discuss them. I just want you to do it within the next week; "Besides, many people will be willing to follow any instructions just to prove that the therapist was wrong and his method did not work" 91 . At the end of the session, a date is set for the next meeting, which begins with checking the completion of the task. There are three possible options: compliance with the order, partial compliance, non-compliance. If the latter two options are present, then the consultant, according to Haley, should take this seriously. He can, depending on the situation, choose one of two possible ways of behavior in a given situation. “Pleasant” for the client, consisting of an apology from the consultant: “I probably misunderstood you or your situation, otherwise you would definitely complete the task.” "Unpleasant" for the client - the consultant expresses his displeasure by condemning him for "failing" because the assignment was important to the client's resolution.
Indirect can manifest itself in two ways: firstly, in terms of direction, in the case when the influence has a direct focus, but not on the client himself, but on his environment; secondly, when the influence is directed at the client, but in indirect ways of influence. Examples of indirect influence include paradoxical instructions and metaphorical messages.
Paradoxical prescriptions are a type of indirect prescriptions. Indirect orders are applied if required. personal characteristics the client or consultant is not confident in his authority. As a result, he has to work by indirect methods in order for those
changes that he determines are favorable to the client.
The meaning of paradoxical prescriptions is for clients to resist them and, by resisting, to change. They are effective with clients who are “struggling” with the counselor. “For example, the mother is overprotective of the child, so that he cannot make his own decisions and take responsibility for what he does. If the therapist tries to convince her to do less for the child, she will respond by doing more, and will even say that the therapist does not understand how helpless her child is. The therapist may use the paradoxical approach and instruct the mother to devote a week to custody of the child. She needs to watch him, protect him and do everything for him. The therapist may give various reasons for his prescription, for example, he could say that she needs to do this in order to understand how she really feels in this situation, or so that she can observe herself and the child. For this approach to work well, the therapist must insist on even more extreme behaviors than the original. For example, a mother needs not only to take care of her child, but also to devote an hour a day to warn the child about all the dangers that he may encounter in life. If this approach is applied successfully, then the mother’s reaction will be to protest against the therapist’s instructions and she will begin to care for the child less” 92. Stages of the paradoxical approach:
1. The consultant establishes a relationship with the client, defining it as a relationship leading to a solution to the problem.
2. The consultant clearly defines the problem and goals.
3. Proposes his work plan, offering reasonable justification for his plan and paradoxical prescriptions.
4. In the case of family counseling, disqualifies other “experts” on the problem presented (any family member),
5. The consultant gives a paradoxical prescription.
6. Observes the client's reactions and encourages the client to continue the problem behavior or expresses doubts about the sustainability of changes.
7. Changes are stabilizing, but the consultant does not recognize this as his merit.
91 Conner R.V. Strategic family therapy. - Novosibirsk, 2001. Part I. P. 21-22.
92 Conner R.V. Strategic family therapy. - Novosibirsk, 2001. Part II. pp. 7-8.
Example
“A similar approach was taken by a family who came to see a therapist because their son was refusing to defecate in the toilet and was soiling his clothes and bed.” The therapist expressed his concern about what might happen if the child learned to go to the toilet and became normal. He questioned his parents' ability to bear normal child and normal married life. In fact, the therapist even asked the parents to write down a list of undesirable consequences of this change. The couple couldn't come up with one undesirable consequence and rejected all consequences suggested by the therapist. But the therapist continued to express doubts. At the next session the family announced that they had solved the problem. And then the therapist, as one should do in this case, expressed his surprise and doubt that this change would persist. And the family had no choice but to change forever in order to prove to the therapist that he was wrong. This approach requires some skill as the therapist conveys multiple messages simultaneously. He communicates: “I want you to feel better” and “I am full of goodwill and care for you.” And at the same time, he says things to the family that are on the verge of insults: he. says that, in his opinion, the family members can actually handle “normality,” but at the same time he says that they cannot” 93:
Metaphorical messages are part of our thinking. Humanity thinks by perceiving itself, the world, itself in the world and the world in itself, with the help of symbols. It is enough to remember any type of art to be convinced of this, since art is a symbolic representation of what is commonly called objective reality, through the prism of subjectivism. A certain symbol in a cube. In the psychotherapeutic practice of metaphors, symbols can be used both as an element and as independent species impact. In the latter case, we talk about metaphor therapy, the basic principles of which are outlined in the next chapter.
The use of metaphorical messages will be helpful at any stage of the counseling process.
At the stage of collecting information about the problem, when the client finds it difficult to start talking about his difficulties, the consultant can invite him to choose any object in the surrounding space that is attractive to him and speak on behalf of this object.
Humanity has existed on planet Earth for more than 2 million years and has had various impacts on nature since ancient times. People began to cut down forests to make way for the construction of first settlements, then cities, to exterminate animals, using their meat for food, and their skins and bones to create clothing and homes. Many representatives of the fauna have disappeared from the face of the planet, becoming victims of people. Consider the influence of people on animals.
Deforestation
Human influence on animal world can be both positive and negative character. First of all, people have been actively invading life since ancient times. wildlife, destroying forests. Humanity needs wood, which is used in construction and industry. The planet's population is growing every year, so free space is also required where cities will be located. In the place of once dense forests, people create pastures.
Therefore, forests are being cut down. Wild fauna have nowhere to live, so their populations are declining year by year. In addition, forests are the green lungs of the planet, since trees release oxygen into the air through the process of photosynthesis. The fewer there are, the worse the air itself becomes, making the life of some species very difficult. If previously most of the North American continent was covered with dense forests, now cities are proudly located in their place. The tropics, known for their diverse fauna, used to cover more than 10% of the planet's surface, but now cover only 6%. Animals often disappear along with their “home.”
So the first factor negative influence people on animals - destruction of forests, which leads to the death of entire species and even ecosystems.
Hunting
Since ancient times, one of the main ways of obtaining food for people has been hunting. Man learned to use spears and harpoons, bows and arrows to kill wild fauna as easily and safely as possible. However, the hunting of primitive people, the main purpose of which was to obtain food, did not turn out to be so destructive for the animals; it was much worse for them modern man. Meat was no longer valuable in itself, but animals were exterminated in huge quantities because of the valuable fur, bones, and tusks. Therefore, many species were completely destroyed:
- An example of horrific cruelty and the most negative influence of humans on animals is Steller's cows. These good-natured, clumsy giants, to their misfortune, had very tasty tender meat and thick skin, which was used for making boats. Therefore, in less than 30 years of acquaintance with civilized people, they completely disappeared from the face of the earth.
- Great auks are inhabitants of North Antarctica. When people got here, they liked the meat and eggs of these birds, and began to stuff their pillows with soft fluff. As a result, the rare bird was destroyed.
- Black rhinoceroses had a very valuable horn, which made them desirable prey for hunters and poachers. Now this species is considered completely destroyed, and the animals themselves are rare and are under protection.
In addition to extinct animals, which our descendants will never see again, we can give many examples of fauna, whose numbers were sharply reduced by the thoughtless actions of people. These are elephants, tigers, koalas, sea lions, Galapagos tortoises, cheetahs, zebras, hippos. Next, we will consider the direct and indirect influence of humans on animals.
Nature pollution
The industry is actively developing, new factories are constantly opening, which, for all their usefulness, release toxic waste into the air, which turns out to be destructive for wildlife. Air and soil pollution are an example of human influence on animals, and the influence is negative.
For a plant to operate, it needs energy obtained by burning fuel, which includes wood, coal, and oil. When burning, they produce smoke, which contains the most carbon dioxide. It poisons the atmosphere and can even cause a greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly difficult for representatives of wild fauna to survive in the conditions created by an insatiable civilization. The death of hundreds of animals is caused by acid rain and the consumption of poisoned water from reservoirs where modern enterprises discharge their waste.
Ecological disasters
The negative impact of humans on animals can also be caused by a tragic accident. Thus, among the most terrible environmental disasters that led to the death of a large number of fauna representatives are the following:
- In 2010, an industrial tanker sank, nearly destroying Australia's main natural attraction, the Great Barrier Reef. More than 900 tons of oil got into the water then, so the event is rightfully considered one of the worst environmental disasters in terms of consequences. An oil slick with an area of about 3 km formed on the surface of the water, and only surgery people saved nature from complete destruction.
- Methyl isocyanate leak in the Indian city of Bhopal in 1984. Then more than 40 tons of toxic fumes entered the atmosphere, which caused the death of thousands of people and animals.
- Explosion on Chernobyl nuclear power plant forever changed the natural world of Ukraine. The consequences of this monstrous disaster are still felt today.
There are many examples of horrific environmental disasters, all of which have an indirect impact on the world of wildlife and its fauna.
Swamp drainage
Despite the apparent benefit, this process leads to an imbalance in the ecological balance and can cause the death of animals. It entails the death of plants that need high humidity, which cannot but affect the reduction in the number and species of wild animals that used these plants for food. Thus, draining swamps is an example of the negative impact of humanity.
Use of pesticides
Wanting to get a rich harvest, people spray their fields with toxic substances that destroy bacteria and fungi that infect crop plants. However, representatives of the animal world also often become victims, who, having absorbed the chemical, die immediately or become infected.
Research
Science is moving forward with great strides. People have learned to create vaccines against diseases that a couple of centuries ago were considered incurable. But again the animals suffer from this. It is on them that experiments are carried out and new drugs are researched. On the one hand, there is a logic to this, but on the other hand, it’s scary to imagine how many innocent creatures died in agony in laboratories.
Reserves
In an effort to preserve rare and endangered species, people take them under their protection, opening various reserves, sanctuaries, and parks. Here the animals live freely, in their natural habitat, hunting them is prohibited, and their numbers are regulated by experienced researchers. All conditions have been created for the fauna world. This is an example of the positive influence of humans on animals.
Helping natural treasures
The already mentioned Great Barrier Reef in Australia is an example of not only the negative, but also the positive impact of humanity on nature. Thus, a natural attraction is formed by corals - small-sized organisms that live in such vast colonies that they form entire islands. People have been protecting this natural treasure for a long time, because many amazing marine inhabitants have found a home in the coral reefs: parrot fish, butterfly fish, tiger sharks, dolphins and whales, sea turtles and many crustaceans.
However, the Great Barrier Reef is in danger: the coral polyps that form it are a favorite delicacy of the voracious crown-of-thorns starfish. In a year, one individual is capable of destroying more than 6 square meters. m of coral. Humanity is fighting these pests by artificially reducing their numbers, but this is quite problematic, since the only effective, yet safe for the ecosystem, method is to collect the crown of thorns by hand.
We have examined the direct and indirect influence of humans on animals and can conclude that negative impact much more pronounced. People destroy entire species and make the lives of others impossible, numerous environmental disasters of the 20th-21st centuries. caused the death of entire ecosystems. Efforts are now being made to conserve and protect rare and endangered species, but so far the results have been disappointing.
The animal world of our planet has about 2 million species of animals. As a result of human impact, the numbers of many species have decreased significantly, and some of them have completely disappeared.
Modern man has existed on Earth for about 40 thousand years. He began to engage in cattle breeding and agriculture only 10 thousand years ago. Therefore, for 30 thousand years, hunting was an almost exclusive source of food and clothing. The improvement of hunting tools and methods was accompanied by the death of a number of animal species.
Weapon development and Vehicle allowed man to penetrate into the most remote corners of the globe. And everywhere the development of new lands was accompanied by the merciless extermination of animals and the death of a number of species. The tarpan, the European steppe horse, was completely destroyed by hunting. The victims of the hunt were aurochs, spectacled cormorant, Labrador eider, Bengal hoopoe and many other animals. As a result of unregulated hunting, dozens of species of animals and birds are on the verge of extinction.
The number of animals is decreasing not only as a result of direct extermination, but also due to the deterioration of environmental conditions in territories and habitats. Anthropogenic changes in landscapes adversely affect the living conditions of most animal species. Clearing forests, plowing steppes and prairies, draining swamps, regulating runoff, polluting the waters of rivers, lakes and seas - all this taken together interferes with the normal life of wild animals and leads to a decrease in their numbers even with a ban on hunting.
Intensive timber harvesting in many countries has led to changes in forests. Coniferous forests are increasingly being replaced by small-leaved forests. At the same time, the composition of their fauna also changes. Not all animals and birds living in coniferous forests can find enough food and shelter in secondary birch and aspen forests. For example, squirrels and martens and many species of birds cannot live in them.
The transformation and change in the nature of many rivers and lakes radically changes the living conditions of most river and lake fish and leads to a decrease in their numbers. Pollution of water bodies causes enormous damage to fish stocks. At the same time, the oxygen content in the water sharply decreases, which leads to massive fish kills.
Dams on rivers have a huge impact on the ecological state of water bodies. They block the way for migratory fish to spawn, worsen the condition of spawning grounds, and sharply reduce the influx nutrients in river deltas and coastal parts of seas and lakes. To prevent the negative impact of dams on the ecosystems of aquatic complexes, a number of engineering and biotechnical measures are being taken (fish passages and fish lifts are being built to ensure the movement of fish to spawn). Most effective way reproduction of the fish stock consists in the construction of fish hatcheries and fish hatcheries.
Human activity greatly influences the animal world, causing an increase in the number of some species, a decrease in others, and the death of others. This impact can be direct and indirect.
Direct impacts are experienced by commercial animals that are hunted for fur (muskrat, chinchilla, foxes, mink), meat (African donkey), fat (whales, pigs), etc. As a result, their numbers decrease individual species disappear.
To combat agricultural pests, a number of species move from one area to another. At the same time, there are often cases when migrants themselves become pests. For example, the mongoose, brought to the Antilles to control rodents, began to harm ground-nesting birds and spread rabies among animals.
Direct human impacts on animals also include their death from pesticides and poisoning by emissions from industrial enterprises. Most a shining example This impact on animals is whaling (the creation of a harpoon cannon and floating bases for processing whales) at the beginning of the century, which led to the disappearance of individual whale populations and a sharp drop in their total numbers.
The indirect influence of humans on animals is manifested due to changes in the habitat during deforestation (black stork), plowing of steppes (steppe eagle, bustard and little bustard), drainage of swamps (Far Eastern stork), construction of dams (fish), construction of cities, use of pesticides ( red-legged stork), etc.
Under the influence of economic activity, anthropogenic landscapes with their characteristic fauna arose. Only in populated areas In the subarctic and temperate zones of the northern hemisphere, the house sparrow, city swallow, jackdaw, and house mouse are found.
The plowing of steppes and prairies and the reduction of island forests in the forest-steppe are accompanied by the almost complete disappearance of many steppe animals and birds. In steppe agrocenoses, saigas, bustards, little bustards, gray partridges, quails, etc. have almost completely disappeared.
The negative impact of humans on animals is increasing, and for many species it is becoming threatening. Every year one species (or subspecies) of vertebrate animals dies; More than 600 species of birds (bustard, bar-headed goose, mandarin duck) and 120 species of mammals (Amur tiger) are in danger of extinction. For such animals, special conservation measures are required.
Seventeen moments of success: leadership strategies Nikolay Ivanovich Kozlov
Direct and indirect influence
Direct and indirect influence
When the world is friendly or the situation is simple, there is no need to split hairs and you can act openly: you asked and you received. Here's the check, please wrap it up. I have the right - I demanded it, I have “what” - I bought it, and then I organized a convenient situation, and everything happened. Surrounded by friends
When they are friends, or in the store,
When trade and customer service rules are generally followed,
or at work,
When everyone actually performs their functions,
everything happens this way, and this is really enough, but life sometimes believes in us and gives us more difficult tasks. When you don’t directly demand it, there is nothing particularly interesting to interest us, or it is regarded as bribery, and an attempt to organize a situation convenient for us is nipped in the bud. How should we feel about this?
As if the time has come for creative decisions and it’s time to remember that, in addition to direct ones, there are also indirect influences.
This theory of Timur Vladimirovich Gagin is presented in detail and vividly in his book, “Unified Structure of Impact,” which is being prepared for publication. Here - very summary essentially.
start of quote
Indirect action differs from direct action in that someone pays for us. Someone (or something) is pulling our chestnuts out of the fire and picking up the tab. This someone may or may not know about it. It all depends on the degree of our cooperation with him.
This something may not exist at all actor. Gravity, the laws of the market, systemic archetypes and human biases can work wonderfully in our favor. The main thing is that we no longer storm heights, we don’t pay every penny, and we generally forget about “bang for bash.” The main thing is that someone or something on which our result depends acts in the direction we need themselves.
Indirect action is almost more common in our lives than direct action. Raftsmen float timber down rivers that still flow. And the wind, which still blows, spins the blades of the mills. The speed bump just lies there, and drivers slow down on their own. The girl simply smiles sweetly or stomps around in confusion, and the young people offer help themselves.
YOURSELF!!! That's the point.
And the commander, who thinks that he has noticed the possibility of encirclement, gives an order, and thousands of soldiers go where the enemy wants - on their own. With your feet.
Obviously, it is possible to organize the situation this way. And wise (savvy) people do this regularly, the whole question is how do they organize it? After all, there are thinking people around us. They can (and usually do) have their own interests, goals and desires, and they do not intend to carry us around and pay our bills. How? How?
Er... This is where a very interesting thing comes into play. Thinking people act based on what reality? Objective? Well, not quite... We perceive objective reality indirectly.
Matter is an objective reality GIVEN TO US IN FEELING.
And - here it is! It is enough for us to change the subjective reality, and people, relying on it, THEMSELVES will go in the right direction. They will do what is required.
This is not deception.
More precisely, this is not necessarily a deception.
This is the organization of a person’s subjective reality in the direction in which I need: from possible options, which are still somehow organized in a person. To deceive is to do something that is obviously objectively false, and when we operate in the field of subjective reality, about which, as a rule, it is generally difficult to say whether it is “true or not,” then the moment of ethical assessment disappears.
And if you think that this idea is new and dangerous, just look around. Remember what you did today. Why did you decide that this was the best you could do? And what does objective reality have to do with it? And what does reality have to do with subjective reality? Yours.
So, for indirect action we use what is already there - context. Features of reality - real or imaginary, trends and patterns that already work, processes that are already underway anyway. And if not, we create the conditions for all this to appear. Same.
Indirect action is when people and elements help us - themselves.
When do we resort to indirect action? The criterion is the same sufficiency. If it is easy for us to find or create conditions that will launch independent processes in the right direction, if it is easier and cheaper to do this than to go directly, we go around. Logical?
However, if we are too lazy to think or it is too difficult and expensive, we still move ahead. And someone else is using our efforts. Less spontaneous.
From the book The Art of Verbal Attack author Bredemeier Karsten From the book Self-Inquiry - the Key to the Higher Self. Understanding yourself. author Pint Alexander Alexandrovich From the book Development of Super Memory and Super Thinking in Children [It’s easy to be an excellent student!] author Muller StanislavA straight mirror is a door to reality - To see yourself is to see yourself from the outside. Yes? - Yes, with the help of a mirror we can see ourselves from the outside. There are curved mirrors, there are straight mirrors. A person who likes to philosophize usually encounters distorting mirrors. IN
From the book How to Fuck the World [Real techniques of submission, influence, manipulation] author Shlakhter Vadim VadimovichIndirect communication with your subconscious If someone has a need to receive much more specific information about the current needs of the unborn child, then you can learn to communicate with your subconscious, which is well aware of everything that is in this moment
From the book How to Do Things Your Own Way by Bishop SueThe influence of smell What begins to influence people immediately after you appear, before you speak, before you look? First of all, the smell affects others. Why is smell so important? In the animal world, everyone perceives each other according to
From the book How to Influence People in Life and Business author Kozlov Dmitry AlexandrovichDirect Assertive Communication Positive, assertive communication means that you express your thoughts and feelings clearly and consciously in the most direct, honest and spontaneous way. This also means that your language matches that of the person you are talking to. This means that you
From the book Heavy personality disorders[Psychotherapy strategies] author Kernberg Otto F.2.2.2. Influence – “I” The second behavioral type is called “I” from English word Induction. The verb “to induce” in Marston’s interpretation means: 1) to influence in order to cause a certain action; 2) to lead, to lead. People interviewed by Marston introspectively
From the book How to Develop the Ability to Hypnotize and Persuade Anyone by Smith SvenDIRECT EXPRESSION OF SADISTIC TRIUMPH OVER THE ANALYST This is conscious Ego-syntonic rage and contempt directed at the therapist and tinged with a sense of triumph because the therapist's reactions are not as sadistic as the patient's reactions. The patient may be abusive
From the book The Self-Liberating Game author Demchog Vadim Viktorovich From the book Structure and Laws of the Mind author Zhikarentsev Vladimir Vasilievich19. Direct injection into the circle of mastery...I must create my own World, otherwise I will become a slave in the world of another Person. William Blake281 A DIRECT INTRODUCTION TO THE CIRCLE OF MASTERY, OR THE MYSTIC CIRCLE! Or better yet, to the MAGIC THEATER! 282This starting method is from the category of “Technology
From the book Master the Power of Suggestion! Achieve everything you want! by Smith SvenDirect and reverse In a man, the genitals are openly located outside the body and protrude forward, in a woman they are laid back and hidden between the legs. Therefore, the movement of a man in the world is direct, directed forward and opening, and the movement of a woman in life is reverse, directed
From the book Demography of the Earth's Regions. Events of recent demographic history author Klupt MikhailDirect and indirect hypnotic suggestion Direct hypnotic suggestion is carried out when you give the object of suggestion a direct signal: “go there and do this.” Indirect suggestion has a softer effect, its wording is more flexible,
From the book I Always Know What to Say! How to develop self-confidence and become a master communicator author Boisvert Jean-Marie5.3. India: a “direct attack” on fertility and its failure The results of the 1971 census, which showed that it was not possible to reduce the rate of population growth (Fig. 5.3), made a shocking impression on the Indian political elite. During the period between the two censuses, the population
From the book Gestalt: The Art of Contact [A New Optimistic Approach to Human Relationships] by Ginger SergeDirect Expression of Feelings People's reactions to verbal expressions largely depend on the way you speak. If someone smokes a cigar in your presence and you find it unpleasant, you can report it different ways. For example, you could say: “You need
From the author's bookDirect expression of unpleasant emotions It is much easier to express your negative emotions directly rather than indirectly, provided we have previously become aware of these emotions and the irrational thoughts that may accompany them. Although it is not always easy, it is nevertheless better to be open
From the author's bookDirect address In Gestalt, one avoids talking about something (whether in the present or the past): speech is directly addressed to this “something”, which allows one to move from internalized reflection (intellectual) to relational contact (emotional).
