Approximate solutions. When preparing approximate solutions, the amounts of substances that must be taken for this purpose are calculated with little accuracy. To simplify calculations, the atomic weights of elements can sometimes be taken rounded to whole units. So, for a rough calculation, the atomic weight of iron can be taken equal to 56 instead of the exact -55.847; for sulfur - 32 instead of the exact 32.064, etc.
Substances for preparing approximate solutions are weighed on technochemical or technical balances.
In principle, the calculations when preparing solutions are exactly the same for all substances.
The amount of the prepared solution is expressed either in units of mass (g, kg) or in units of volume (ml, l), and for each of these cases the amount of solute is calculated differently.
Example. Let it be required to prepare 1.5 kg of a 15% solution sodium chloride; We first calculate the required amount of salt. The calculation is carried out according to the proportion:
i.e. if 100 g of solution contains 15 g of salt (15%), then how much of it will be required to prepare 1500 g of solution?
The calculation shows that you need to weigh out 225 g of salt, then take 1500 - 225 = 1275 g of iuzhio water.
If you are asked to obtain 1.5 liters of the same solution, then in this case you will find out its density from the reference book, multiply the latter by the given volume and thus find the mass of the required amount of solution. Thus, the density of a 15% noro sodium chloride solution at 15 0C is 1.184 g/cm3. Therefore, 1500 ml is
Therefore, the amount of substance for preparing 1.5 kg and 1.5 liters of solution is different.
The calculation given above is applicable only for the preparation of solutions of anhydrous substances. If an aqueous salt is taken, for example Na2SO4-IOH2O1, then the calculation is slightly modified, since the water of crystallization must also be taken into account.
Example. Let you need to prepare 2 kg of 10% Na2SO4 solution based on Na2SO4 * 10H2O.
The molecular weight of Na2SO4 is 142.041, and Na2SO4*10H2O is 322.195, or rounded to 322.20.
The calculation is carried out first using anhydrous salt:
Therefore, you need to take 200 g of anhydrous salt. The amount of salt decahydrate is calculated from the calculation:
In this case, you need to take water: 2000 - 453.7 = 1546.3 g.
Since the solution is not always prepared in terms of anhydrous salt, the label, which must be stuck on the container with the solution, must indicate what salt the solution is prepared from, for example, a 10% solution of Na2SO4 or 25% Na2SO4 * 10H2O.
It often happens that a previously prepared solution needs to be diluted, i.e., its concentration must be reduced; solutions are diluted either by volume or by weight.
Example. It is necessary to dilute a 20% solution of ammonium sulfate so as to obtain 2 liters of a 5% solution. We carry out the calculation in the following way. From the reference book we find out that the density of a 5% solution of (NH4)2SO4 is 1.0287 g/cm3. Therefore, 2 liters of it should weigh 1.0287 * 2000 = 2057.4 g. This amount should contain ammonium sulfate:
Considering that losses may occur during measuring, you need to take 462 ml and bring them to 2 liters, i.e. add 2000-462 = 1538 ml of water to them.
If the dilution is carried out by mass, the calculation is simplified. But in general, dilution is carried out based on volume, since liquids, especially in large quantities, are easier to measure by volume than to weigh.
It must be remembered that in any work with both dissolution and dilution, you should never pour all the water into the vessel at once. The container in which the required substance was weighed or measured is rinsed several times with water, and each time this water is added to the solution vessel.
When special precision is not required, when diluting solutions or mixing them to obtain solutions of a different concentration, you can use the following simple and quick method.
Let's take the already discussed case of diluting a 20% solution of ammonium sulfate to 5%. First we write like this:
where 20 is the concentration of the solution taken, 0 is water and 5" is the required concentration. Now subtract 5 from 20 and write the resulting value in the lower right corner, subtracting zero from 5, write the number in the upper right corner. Then the diagram will look like this :
This means that you need to take 5 volumes of a 20% solution and 15 volumes of water. Of course, such a calculation is not very accurate.
If you mix two solutions of the same substance, then the scheme remains the same, only the numeric values. Suppose that by mixing a 35% solution and a 15% solution, you need to prepare a 25% solution. Then the diagram will look like this:
i.e. you need to take 10 volumes of both solutions. This scheme gives approximate results and can be used only when special accuracy is not required. It is very important for every chemist to cultivate the habit of accuracy in calculations when necessary, and to use approximate figures in cases where this will not affect the results work. When greater accuracy is needed when diluting solutions, the calculation is carried out using formulas.
Let's look at a few of the most important cases.
Preparation of a diluted solution. Let c be the amount of solution, m% the concentration of the solution that needs to be diluted to a concentration of n%. The resulting amount of diluted solution x is calculated using the formula:
and the volume of water v for diluting the solution is calculated by the formula:
Mixing two solutions of the same substance of different concentrations to obtain a solution of a given concentration. Let by mixing a parts of an m% solution with x parts of a p% solution we need to obtain a /% solution, then:
Precise solutions. When preparing accurate solutions, the calculation of the quantities of the required substances will be checked with a sufficient degree of accuracy. Atomic weights of elements are taken from the table, which shows their exact values. When adding (or subtracting) use exact value the term with the fewest decimal places. The remaining terms are rounded, leaving one decimal place after the decimal place than in the term with the smallest number of decimal places. As a result, as many digits after the decimal point are left as there are in the term with the smallest number of decimal places; in this case, the necessary rounding is performed. All calculations are made using logarithms, five-digit or four-digit. The calculated quantities of the substance are weighed only on an analytical balance.
Weighing is carried out either on a watch glass or in a weighing bottle. The weighed substance is poured into a clean, washed volumetric flask in small portions through a clean, dry funnel. Then, from the washing machine, the glass or watch glass in which the weighing was carried out is washed several times with small portions of water over the funnel. The funnel is also washed several times from the washing machine with distilled water.
To pour solid crystals or powders into a volumetric flask, it is very convenient to use the funnel shown in Fig. 349. Such funnels are made with a capacity of 3, 6, and 10 cm3. You can weigh the sample directly in these funnels (non-hygroscopic materials), having previously determined their mass. The sample from the funnel is very easily transferred into a volumetric flask. When the sample is poured, the funnel, without removing it from the neck of the flask, is washed well with distilled water from the rinse.
As a rule, when preparing accurate solutions and transferring the solute into a volumetric flask, the solvent (for example, water) should occupy no more than half the capacity of the flask. Stopper the volumetric flask and shake it until the solid is completely dissolved. After this, the resulting solution is added to the mark with water and mixed thoroughly.
Molar solutions. To prepare 1 liter of a 1 M solution of a substance, 1 mole of it is weighed out on an analytical balance and dissolved as indicated above.
Example. To prepare 1 liter of 1 M solution of silver nitrate, find the molecular weight of AgNO3 in the table or calculate it, it is equal to 169.875. The salt is weighed out and dissolved in water.
If you need to prepare a more dilute solution (0.1 or 0.01 M), weigh out 0.1 or 0.01 mol of salt, respectively.
If you need to prepare less than 1 liter of solution, then dissolve a correspondingly smaller amount of salt in the corresponding volume of water.
Normal solutions are prepared in the same way, only by weighing out not 1 mole, but 1 gram equivalent of the solid.
If you need to prepare a half-normal or decinormal solution, take 0.5 or 0.1 gram equivalent, respectively. When preparing not 1 liter of solution, but less, for example 100 or 250 ml, then take 1/10 or 1/4 of the amount of substance required to prepare 1 liter and dissolve it in the appropriate volume of water.
Fig. 349. Funnels for pouring the sample into the flask.
After preparing a solution, it must be checked by titration with a corresponding solution of another substance of known normality. The prepared solution may not correspond exactly to the normality that is specified. In such cases, an amendment is sometimes introduced.
In production laboratories, exact solutions are sometimes prepared “according to the substance being determined.” The use of such solutions facilitates calculations during analysis, since it is enough to multiply the volume of the solution used for titration by the titer of the solution in order to obtain the content of the desired substance (in g) in the amount of any solution taken for analysis.
When preparing a titrated solution for the analyte, calculations are also carried out using the gram equivalent of the soluble substance, using the formula:
Example. Suppose you need to prepare 3 liters of potassium permanganate solution with an iron titer of 0.0050 g/ml. The gram equivalent of KMnO4 is 31.61, and the gram equivalent of Fe is 55.847.
We calculate using the above formula:
Standard solutions. Standard solutions are solutions with different, precisely defined concentrations used in colorimetry, for example, solutions containing 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 mg, etc. of dissolved substance in 1 ml.
In addition to colorimetric analysis, such solutions are needed when determining pH, for nephelometric determinations, etc. Sometimes standard solutions are stored in sealed ampoules, but more often they have to be prepared immediately before use. Standard solutions are prepared in a volume of no more than 1 liter, and more often - Only with a large consumption of the standard solution can you prepare several liters of it, and then only on the condition that the standard solution will not be stored for a long time.
The amount of substance (in g) required to obtain such solutions is calculated using the formula:
Example. It is necessary to prepare standard solutions of CuSO4 5H2O for the colorimetric determination of copper, and 1 ml of the first solution should contain 1 mg of copper, the second - 0.1 mg, the third - 0.01 mg, the fourth - 0.001 mg. First, prepare a sufficient amount of the first solution, for example 100 ml.
Salt is an unnecessary food additive. Don't make excuses for using it every day. There is none of them! This - dangerous product, undermining health. Salt - White death. That's what nutritionists call it.
How to prepare a salt solution - why is it needed?
According to nutritionists, daily dose salt should not exceed 4 grams. Moreover, this includes salt, obtained from all prepared foods and liquids that we consume during the day. This includes drinking water, fruits, vegetables, bread, cereals, meat, etc. Therefore, nutritionists suggest completely abandoning this “killer” additive in favor of a salt-free diet. It should also be noted that most of the dishes you prepare will only become tastier and more aromatic without salt.
But if you still cannot completely stop eating salt, we suggest you prepare a salt solution and add it directly to the plate. Thus, you are guaranteed to reduce your daily salt intake several times. How to prepare a salt solution?
Preparing the saline solution
- To prepare a salt solution, pour 2 tablespoons of salt into an enamel pan and fill them with 200 grams of hot distilled water. Stirring, bring to a low boil and simmer for 10 minutes.
- Strain the prepared salt solution through thick cotton cloth or a two-layer piece of gauze. The water has partially evaporated, so add boiling water to the previous liquid level of 200 grams. To prepare the salt solution, pour into a prepared bottle with a narrow neck for ease of use. Be sure to seal the bottle so that the water does not evaporate and the salt concentration does not increase.
- You have prepared a 25% salt solution, i.e. 25 grams of salt per 100 grams of water.
- Now look at the cloth through which you filtered the saline solution. Like? All these impurities settled daily on the walls of the stomach and intestines, were absorbed into the blood, destroyed the liver and accumulated in the kidneys and gallbladder. And now you know how to prepare a salt solution that has a less destructive effect on health.
- In what doses should the salt solution be used? 1 incomplete teaspoon (3 grams) of solution per 200 grams of food is enough.
How to prepare a salt solution of other concentrations?
- 10% solution – 100 grams of salt per 1000 grams of distilled water. This solution is also called hypertonic. But the salt in such a solution does not boil, but only dissolves.
- A bandage made from a salt solution soaked in a hypertonic solution will relieve tissue swelling due to sprains, fractures, and joint inflammation. A bandage around the head, soaked in a 10% solution, blocks the development of ARVI, relieves headache, stops the runny nose that has started.
- Each of us is a piece of planet Earth. Everything is arranged in such a way that everyone has everything for life. So why do we destroy the internal balance of our body by adding an unnecessary substance - sodium chloride?
Let's talk about treatment with salt dressings. Before starting such treatment, be sure to carefully read and adhere to the following recommendations during the treatment process:
- It is better to apply the bandage to cleanly washed skin
- the material for the bandage must be clean and wet (it is better if it is gauze, linen or cotton fabric)
- fold gauze in 6-8 layers, and cotton fabric in 4 layers (no more)
- Do not cover the top of the bandage with anything! She must "breathe"
- the salt concentration in the solution in all cases should not exceed 10% for adults (2 teaspoons per 200 ml of water) and 8% for children (2 teaspoons per 250 ml)
- take hot water 60-70 C, while you prepare the bandage, it will cool down
- leave the pad on for 12 hours, then rinse off fresh water and rinse the bandage in fresh water for the next compress
For headaches, the first signs of flu, acute respiratory infections and high blood pressure make a bandage around your head.
If poisoning occurs, apply a bandage to your stomach.
If you have a sore throat or an infection in the lungs or bronchi, apply bandages to your neck and back.
In addition, there are many positive examples of treatment with salt dressings serious illnesses. They can be a good helper to the main treatment prescribed by your doctor. These are tumor formations of various etiologies, bruises, sprains, burns; stones in the kidneys and gall bladder (dissolves), restores the functioning of the hematopoietic organs, eliminating accompanying illnesses, helps restore the functioning of the spine in various diseases.
Saline dressings will also help with complex treatment liver diseases. Apply a bandage from right breast to the middle of the abdomen in front and to the spine at the back (you can call it a wrap). After 10 hours, remove the bandage and apply a heating pad to the epigastric region for half an hour - this is necessary so that the bile ducts expand and the dehydrated, thickened bile mass can freely pass into the intestines. Be sure to place a heating pad to avoid blockage. bile ducts. itself
The main rule is not to increase the concentration of the saline solution on your own under any circumstances!
Remember! If you have problems with cardiovascular system, then you need to apply bandages no more than every other day.
Just don’t think that salt therapy is limited to compresses! There are many other ways to heal and improve your health using salt.
We'll talk about them next time. See you on the pages of my blog.
During the Second World War, surgeon Ivan Ivanovich Shcheglov widely used a hypertonic (saturated) solution of table salt for damage to bones and joints.
On large and dirty wounds, he applied a loose large napkin, abundantly moistened with a hypertonic solution.
After 3-4 days, the wound became clean and pink, the temperature dropped to normal, after which gypsum bandage. Then the wounded man went to the rear.
According to Shcheglov's method, it is even possible to treat caries complicated by granuloma with salt tampons.
Let's look at the effect of a hypertonic solution on closed pathological processes in the body, such as cholecystitis, nephritis, chronic appendicitis, rheumatic carditis, post-flu inflammatory processes in the lungs, articular rheumatism, osteomyelitis, abscess after injections, etc.
Back in 1964, in a clinic under the supervision of an experienced surgeon who diagnosed and selected patients, chronic appendicitis was cured in two patients with saline dressings in 6 days, a shoulder abscess was cured in 9 days without opening, bursitis was eliminated in 5-6 days knee joint, which did not respond to any means of conservative treatment.
These facts indicate that the saline solution, having absorbent properties, absorbs only liquid from the tissues and spares red blood cells, leukocytes and living cells of the tissues themselves.
Hypertonic solution of table salt is a sorbent; I once tried it on myself with a 2-3 degree burn. Desperate to relieve the pain pharmaceutical products, applied a salt bandage to the burn. After a minute, the acute pain went away, only a slight burning sensation remained, and after 10-15 minutes I fell asleep peacefully. In the morning there was no pain, and after a few days the burn healed like an ordinary wound.
Once I stayed in an apartment where children had whooping cough. To save the children from suffering and incessant and debilitating coughing, I applied salt bandages to their backs. After an hour and a half, the cough subsided and did not resume until the morning. After four dressings, the disease disappeared without a trace.
A five and a half year old child was poisoned by poor quality food at dinner. The medications didn't help. Around noon I put a salt bandage on his stomach. After an hour and a half, the nausea and diarrhea stopped, the pain gradually decreased, and after five hours all signs of poisoning disappeared.
Having convinced myself of the positive effect of salt dressings on common pathological processes, I decided to use their healing properties to treat tumors. The clinic surgeon invited me to work with a patient who had a cancerous mole on her face.
Methods used in such cases official medicine, the woman was not helped - after six months of treatment, the mole turned purple and increased in volume. I started using salt stickers. After the first sticker, the tumor paled and shrank, after the second, the result improved even more, and after the fourth sticker, the mole acquired the natural color and appearance that it had before the degeneration. The fifth sticker ended the treatment without surgical intervention.
In 1966, a student came to me with an adenoma mammary gland. The doctor who diagnosed her recommended surgery. I advised the patient to apply salt dressings to her chest for several days before surgery. The bandages helped - surgical intervention not required.
After 9 years, I called my patient. She replied that she successfully graduated from university, felt well, there were no relapses of the disease, and only small lumps on her chest remained as a memory of the adenoma. I think these are purified cells former tumors, harmless to the body.
At the end of 1969 with cancerous tumors both mammary glands Another woman approached me - Researcher museum. Her diagnosis and referral for surgery were signed by a professor of medicine. Salt helped again - the tumor resolved without surgery. True, this woman also had lumps at the site of the tumors.
At the end of the same year I had experience in treating adenoma prostate gland. IN regional hospital The patient was strongly recommended to undergo surgery. But he decided to try the salt pads first. After nine procedures, the patient recovered. He is still healthy.
For 3 years, the woman suffered from leukemia - her hemoglobin content in her blood dropped catastrophically. Every 19 days the patient received a blood transfusion, which at least somehow supported her.
Having found out that before the illness the patient worked for many years in a shoe factory with chemical dyes, I also understood the cause of the disease - poisoning with subsequent disruption of hematopoietic function bone marrow. And I recommended salt dressings for her, alternating the “blouse” dressing and the “trouser” dressing at night for three weeks.
The woman took the advice, and by the end of the treatment cycle, the hemoglobin content in the patient’s blood began to increase. Three months later I met my patient, she was completely healthy.
Having summarized the results of his 25-year observations on the use of hypertonic sodium chloride solution in medicinal purposes, I came to the following conclusions.
1. 10% solution of table salt - active sorbent. Salt interacts with water not only through direct contact, but also through air, material, and body tissue. When taken inside the body, salt absorbs and retains liquid in cavities and cells, localizing it where it is located. Applied externally (salt dressings), salt establishes contact with tissue fluid and, by suction, absorbs it through the skin and mucous membranes.
The volume of liquid absorbed by the bandage is directly proportional to the volume of air displaced from the bandage. Therefore, the effect of a salt dressing depends on how breathable (hygroscopic) it is, which, in turn, depends on the material used for the dressing and its thickness.
2. The salt dressing acts locally: only on the diseased organ, the affected area, penetrating into the depths. As fluid is absorbed from the subcutaneous layer, it rises into it. tissue fluid from deeper layers, carrying with it the pathogenic principle: microbes, viruses, inorganic substances, poisons, etc.
Thus, during the action of the bandage, fluid is renewed in the tissues of the diseased organ and disinfected - cleansing from the pathogenic factor, and therefore eliminating pathological process. In this case, the tissues act as a kind of filter, allowing microorganisms and substance particles to pass through themselves, having a volume less than the lumen of the intertissue pore.
3. A bandage with a hypertonic solution of table salt is permanent. The therapeutic result is achieved within 7-10 days. In some cases, a longer period is required.
How to apply a saline dressing
For runny nose and headaches. Make a circular bandage across the forehead and back of the head at night. After an hour or two, the runny nose goes away, and by the morning the headache will disappear.
A headband is good for high blood pressure, tumors, and dropsy. But in case of atherosclerosis, it is better not to apply a bandage - it dehydrates the head even more. For a circular dressing, only 8% saline solution can be used.
For the flu. Apply a bandage to your head at the first sign of illness. If the infection has managed to penetrate the throat and bronchi, make bandages on the head and neck at the same time (from 3-4 layers of soft thin fabric), on the back from two layers of a wet and two layers of a dry towel. Leave the dressings on all night.
For liver diseases (inflammation of the gallbladder, cholecystitis, cirrhosis of the liver). The liver bandage (cotton towel folded in four layers) is applied as follows: in height - from the base of the left mammary gland to the middle of the transverse line of the abdomen, in width - from the sternum and the white line of the abdomen in front to the spine in the back.
Bandage tightly with one wide bandage, tighter on the stomach. After 10 hours, remove the bandage and place a hot heating pad on the epigastric region for half an hour in order to, through deep heating, expand the bile duct for the free passage of dehydrated and thickened bile mass into the intestine. Without heating, this mass (after several dressings) clogs the bile duct and can cause acute bursting pain.
For adenomas, mastopathy and breast cancer. Typically, a four-layer, dense but non-compressive saline dressing is used on both breasts. Apply overnight and leave for 8-10 hours. The duration of treatment is 2 weeks, for cancer 3 weeks. In some people, a bandage on the chest can weaken the rhythms of cardiac activity; in this case, apply the bandage every other day.
Conditions for using saline solution
1. Saline solution can only be used in a bandage, but never in a compress, because the bandage must be breathable.
2. The salt concentration in the solution should not exceed 10%. A bandage made from a solution of higher concentration causes pain in the area of application and destruction of capillaries in the tissues. An 8% solution - 2 teaspoons of table salt per 250 ml of water - is used in dressings for children, 10% for adults - 2 teaspoons of table salt per 200 ml of water. You can take ordinary water, not necessarily distilled.
3. Before treatment, wash your body with warm water and soap, and after the procedure, wash off the salt from your body with a warm, damp towel.
4. The dressing material must be hygroscopic and clean, without residues of fat, ointment, alcohol, iodine. The skin of the body should also be clean. For the bandage, it is better to use linen or cotton fabric, but not new, but washed many times. The ideal option is gauze.
The salt dressing is made only from hygroscopic, well-wetted cotton material - repeatedly washed, not new, not kitchen or starchy, “waffle” towels in 3-4 layers and thin, also well-watered, medical gauze in 8-10 layers, as well as hygroscopic, preferably viscose, cotton wool for tampons.
5. Linen, cotton material, a towel are folded in no more than 4 layers, gauze - up to 8 layers. Only with an air-permeable bandage is tissue fluid suctioned out.
6. Due to the circulation of solution and air, the dressing causes a cooling sensation. Therefore, the bandage should be soaked with a hot hypertonic solution (60-70 degrees). Before applying the bandage, you can cool it slightly by shaking it in the air.
7. The dressing should be of medium moisture, not very dry, but not too wet. Keep the bandage on the sore spot for 10-15 hours.
8. Nothing should be placed on top of the bandage. But in order to secure the bandage soaked in the solution, you need to bandage it tightly enough to the body: with a wide bandage on the torso, stomach, chest, and a narrow bandage on the fingers, hands, feet, face, head.
Bandage the shoulder girdle in a figure eight, through the armpits from the back. In case of pulmonary processes (in case of bleeding, do not apply under any circumstances!) the bandage is placed on the back, trying to get as accurately as possible on the sore spot. The chest should be bandaged tightly, but without squeezing the breath.
P.S. The compress can also be used in for cosmetic purposes- it removes bags under the eyes and cleanses the skin
IN medical practice Usually a 10% solution of table salt (rock and no other) is used = 100 g per 1 liter of water. For the treatment of the pancreas liver, spleen, kidneys and for headbands, it is better to use an 8-9% solution = 80-90 g of salt per 1 liter of water). Salt for the solution must be taken strictly by weight, keep the container (jar) with the solution closed so that it does not evaporate and does not change its concentration.
Another source, Healthy Lifestyle Bulletin ( healthy image life No. 17, 2000) indicates that spring, artesian, sea water, especially water containing iodide salts that neutralize table water in the solution, are not suitable for preparing a hypertonic solution.
A dressing with such a solution loses its healing, absorption and bactericidal properties. Therefore, it is better to use distilled (from a pharmacy) water or, in extreme cases, purified rain or snow water to prepare the saline solution.
/Here I do not agree, although it is possible to use the above-mentioned quality of water and will give results faster, but it is never worth wasting time. Use clean water, such as there is. Salt itself has a cleansing effect; it consists of the elements of fire and water or fire and earth (black, Himalayan salt)
I used tap water, without filters, for blood poisoning after surgery on the Achilles tendon, and thanks to this I saved my leg. Note A Nepeine/
1. For headaches caused by inflammatory processes, dropsy, cerebral edema and meninges(meningitis, arachnoiditis), diseases of other organs, for example, influenza, sepsis, typhus, excessive blood flow from intense mental and physical work, after a stroke, as well as for tumor formations in the brain, a salt bandage in the form of a cap or a wide strip of bandage in 8-10 layers soaked in a 9% solution and slightly squeezed out, is performed on the entire (or around) the head and is necessarily bandaged throughout the surface of the dressing with one small gauze bandage.
A dry bandage is tied on top, in 2 layers, preferably a cotton or old gauze bandage. The bandage is applied overnight for 8-9 hours until dry, removed in the morning, the bandage material is rinsed well in warm water, and the head is washed off.
In case of cerebral vascular sclerosis, a salt dressing is contraindicated!
2. For runny nose, sinusitis, frontal sinuses, the bandage is made in the form of a gauze strip in 6-7 layers on the forehead (for frontal sinuses), on the nose and cheeks with cotton swabs placed on the wings of the nose, pressing the strip to the skin of the face in these places. These strips are bandaged with two or three turns of a small bandage, last for 7-8 hours, and are used until healing.
During the day, the mouth and nose should be rinsed 2-3 times with a solution of a weaker concentration: one and a half medium heaped teaspoons of salt per faceted glass (250 ml) of water, from the tap.
3. Dental caries is also treated with a gauze strip in 8 layers, soaked in a 10% salt solution for the entire jaw with a diseased tooth and bandaged with 2-3 turns of a small bandage in a circular manner. It is applied overnight, the course of treatment is 1-2 weeks, after which the diseased tooth should be filled.
Caries and periodontal disease can be treated in another way: after dinner, before bed, hold a sip of 10% saline solution in your mouth for 5-7 minutes and spit, after which do not take anything into your mouth. For toothache, even under a crown, this procedure can be repeated several times. For caries complicated by granuloma, as well as for fluxes, a thick cotton swab (preferably viscose) the thickness of a finger, soaked in a 10% solution and squeezed almost dry, can be placed on the gum (behind the cheek). The tampon must be kept in place all night.
If the cavities in the teeth are large enough, you can put cotton swabs soaked in the solution and squeezed out well into them (with a needle, small crooked scissors) and replace them with fresh ones after each meal.
A course of treatment with bandages (on the jaw) externally and tampons for up to 2 weeks, after which the diseased teeth should be filled
4. Sore throat, laryngitis, tracheitis, inflammation of salivary and thyroid gland(goiter) is well treated by a gauze bandage in 6-7 layers (from a wide bandage), soaked in a 10% salt solution, applied to the neck, overnight, and in case of headaches in the form of the same strip - on the head.
Both of these strips (or one common one, extended to the neck and head) are bandaged with one small gauze bandage. The lower edge of the bandage on the neck (so as not to wrap up) is bandaged to the body with one turn of the bandage through the armpits of both arms and the back, and the bandaging is completed on the neck without squeezing the breath.
5. For pneumonia, bronchitis, pleurisy, emphysema, asthma infectious origin, lung tumors a bandage with a 10% solution is applied to the entire back, always to the site of the disease, and even to the entire chest (for men) from two “waffle” towels, folded in two layers, across each.
One is soaked in a slightly warmed saline solution, lightly squeezed out (the squeezed solution is drunk back into the jar, it does not spoil), the same dry one is applied to the wet one in two layers, and both are bandaged quite tightly, without squeezing the breath, with two large gauze bandages.
Upper half of the back shoulder girdle, bandaged in the form of a transverse figure eight through the armpits of both hands, the lower one - with a second bandage around the lower half chest. Bandaging is performed over the entire surface of the towels. Course of treatment for inflammatory lung processes- 7-10 dressings daily, tumors - 3 weeks, one of them - daily, the remaining 14 dressings - every other night. These dressings also last 10 hours before drying.
6. For mastopathy, adenoma, cancer of one breast, a bandage with a 9-10% solution is made from one “waffle” towel, folded in 3-4 layers across, with a strip 25 cm wide, always on both breasts. If there is a wound, it is covered with a gauze cloth with a solution in 2-4 layers, which is covered with a towel, and together they are bandaged with one large gauze bandage, without squeezing the breath.
Mastopathy and other inflammatory processes of the mammary glands are treated with a bandage for one to two weeks, tumors - for 3 weeks (the first - daily, the rest - every other night). It is performed at night and lasts 9-10 hours.
7. In case of inflammation of the heart muscle and membranes of the heart (with myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis), in a 9% saline solution heated to 70°, only the ends of a strip of “waffle” towel, folded lengthwise in 3 layers, which is thrown over left shoulder, they cover the heart in front and behind (between the shoulder blades), and these ends are bandaged with one wide gauze bandage around the chest. This dressing is performed at night, every other day, for 2 weeks.
Angina pectoris ischemic disease, heart valve defects are not cured by a saline bandage.
8. When the level of hemoglobin in the blood decreases, radiation exposure the same bandage of 3-4 layers of “waffle” towel (or 8 layers of gauze) is applied to the entire chest in front. She must cover sternum, liver, spleen - hematopoietic organs.
The course of treatment for these organs is 2 weeks (one - daily, the rest - every other night). During radiation exposure, such a bandage should be applied simultaneously to the neck and thyroid area.
9. For cholecystitis, hepatitis, cirrhosis, gastritis and pancreatitis, the same bandage of a “waffle” towel in 3-4 layers across a strip 25 cm wide, and for dropsy of the abdomen and for the entire abdomen, is performed around the lower half of the chest and the upper half abdomen (from the base of the mammary glands in women and nipples in men to the navel). This bandage is bandaged with one or two wide bandages. It also lasts 9-10 hours. The course of treatment is 7-10 dressings.
In patients with narrowed bile ducts, after 6-7 dressings, unpleasant bursting sensations and even dull ache in the “epistola” - thickened (under the influence of the bandage) bile presses on the walls of the gallbladder, lingering in the bladder and ducts.
In this case, after removing the bandage that caused these sensations in the morning, you need to put a hot rubber heating pad on the epigastric area, wrapped in a towel in two layers, lie on it face down for 10-15 minutes (by this time the liver is cleared of infection. and the heating pad is not dangerous for her), and put it on after removing each subsequent bandage until the end of the course of treatment, regardless of whether they appear again discomfort in the “epistochum” or not, the heating pad expands the bile ducts, and bile flows freely into the intestines.
Polyps and tumors, including cancerous ones, of this section, as well as others, are treated with a saline dressing for 3 weeks (one every day, the rest every other night).
The bandage does not cure stomach ulcers, duodenal ulcers, hernias, scars, adhesions, constipation, volvulus, and does not resolve stones.
10. Inflammation of the intestinal mucosa - enteritis, colitis, appendicitis - a bandage on the entire abdomen at night made of a towel in 3-4 layers successfully treats within one week. For poisoning, for example, from poor-quality food, 3-4 dressings for 9-10 hours are enough, for children - 1-2 dressings for the same period of time, so that the intestines are cleared of poisons.
To stop diarrhea for the same reason in adults, two sips of a 9-10% salt solution are enough, preferably on an empty stomach, with an interval of 1-2 hours.
11. Pathologies of the pelvic organs - colitis, polyps, rectal tumors, hemorrhoids, prostatitis, prostate adenomas, inflammation and tumors of the pelvic organs - fibroids, fibroids, cancer of the uterus and ovaries, as well as inflammation of the mucous membrane Bladder And hip joints are treated with a saline dressing made from two “waffle” towels.
One, folded in 2 layers along the length, is moistened in a heated 10% solution, squeezed out medium, applied to the pelvic girdle, covered with the same second towel in 2 layers, and both are bandaged quite tightly with two wide gauze bandages.
In the inguinal pits, with one turn of the bandage around the thighs, dense rollers are bandaged, which press the bandage to the body in these recesses, and are secured to the bandage with pins. This bandage should cover the lower abdomen of the patient (sick) from the navel to the pubis inclusive in front and the sacrum and buttocks from the middle of the lower back to the anus in the back.
Inflammatory processes in the organs of this department should be treated for 2 weeks, tumors - 3, and in both cases, in the first week the bandage is applied daily, the rest are performed every other night.
12. Salt dressing also relieves hypertension. If it is caused by a stressful condition in the patient (nervous experience, shock), it is enough to apply 3-4 bandages of towel material in 3-4 layers on the lower back, soaked (and squeezed out) in a 9% saline solution. It should be bandaged with one large bandage.
When your kidneys hurt, for example, pyelonephritis, which also raises your blood pressure, you need to treat your kidneys. In this case, you should apply 10-15 salt dressings on the lower back throughout the night.
If you feel a headache, especially in the occipital region, or tinnitus, simultaneously with bandages on the lower back, apply 3-4 bandages of 8-10 layers of gauze with a 9% solution around the head and always on the back of the head.
13. Arthritis, polyarthritis, bursitis, rheumatism of large joints (knees, ankles, elbows) are bandaged with large gauze bandages with a 10% saline solution at night every day for 2 weeks. Not only the joints themselves are bandaged, but also the limbs above and below by 10-15 cm.
14. Acute pain from burns of small surfaces of the body is removed by a soft 10% saline bandage in 3-4 minutes, but the bandage should be kept for 8-9 hours, after which ointment or open treatment should be applied according to doctor's prescription. I think they will also help with extensive burns.
Hypertonic solutions of table salt are not a panacea for all diseases. This short text lists some diseases, including eye diseases, that cannot be treated in this way. I repeat, a salt dressing effectively cures inflammatory processes, swelling of tissues, quickly relieves burn pain, treats some tumors (“it does not treat fatty tissues”, and perhaps it does not treat some other tumors, which can only be established experimentally).
Saline dressing is safe if the recommendations are strictly followed. Failure to comply with them can cause undesirable consequences in the body. For example, dressing with a saline solution greater than 10 percent concentration, especially when long-term treatment, itself can cause in tissues sharp pain, rupture of capillaries and some other complications.
If you decide to undergo treatment with a saline bandage, first find out from your doctor the nature of your disease.
During the Great Patriotic War I worked as a senior operating nurse in field hospitals with surgeon I.I. Shcheglov. Unlike other doctors, he successfully used a hypertonic solution of table salt in the treatment of the wounded. He placed a loose, large napkin generously moistened with saline solution on the large surface of the contaminated wound.
After 3-4 days, the wound became clean, pink, the temperature, if high, dropped almost to normal indicators, after which a plaster cast was applied. After another 3-4 days, the wounded were sent to the rear. The hypertonic solution worked great - we had almost no mortality.
About 10 years after the war, I used Shcheglov’s method to treat my own teeth, as well as caries complicated by granuloma. Success came within two weeks. After that, I began to study the effect of saline solution on diseases such as cholecystitis, nephritis, chronic appendicitis, rheumatic carditis, inflammatory processes in the lungs, articular rheumatism, osteomyelitis, abscesses after injection, and so on. In principle, these were isolated cases, but each time I received it quite quickly positive results.
Later I worked in a clinic and could tell you about a number of quite difficult cases, when a saline dressing was more effective than all other medications. We managed to cure hematomas, bursitis, and chronic appendicitis. The fact is that the saline solution has absorbent properties and draws liquid from the tissue with pathogenic flora. Once, during a business trip to the region, I stayed in an apartment. The housewife's children suffered from whooping cough. They coughed continuously and painfully. I put salt bandages on their backs overnight. After an hour and a half, the cough stopped and did not appear until the morning.
After four dressings, the disease disappeared without a trace.
At the clinic in question, the surgeon suggested that I try a saline solution in the treatment of tumors. The first such patient was a woman with a cancerous mole on her face. She noticed this mole six months ago. During this time, the mole turned purple, increased in volume, and gray-brown liquid was released from it. I started making salt stickers for her. After the first sticker, the tumor turned pale and shrank.
After the second, she turned even more pale and seemed to shrink. The discharge has stopped. And after the fourth sticker, the mole acquired its original appearance. With the fifth sticker the treatment ended without surgical intervention.
Then there was a young girl with a mammary adenoma. She had to undergo surgery. I advised the patient to apply salt dressings to her chest for several weeks before the operation. Imagine, no surgery was required. Six months later, she developed an adenoma on her second breast. Again, she was cured with hypertensive patches without surgery. I met her nine years after treatment. She felt well and did not even remember her illness.
I could continue the stories of miraculous cures using bandages with a hypertonic solution. I could tell you about a teacher at one of the Kursk institutes who, after nine saline pads, got rid of prostate adenoma. A woman who suffered from leukemia regained her health after wearing salt bandages on her blouse and trousers at night for three weeks.
RESULTS:
1) First. Table salt in aqueous solution no more than 10 percent - active sorbent. It pulls out all the “rubbish” from the diseased organ. But
the therapeutic effect will only be if the bandage is breathable, that is, hygroscopic, which is determined by the quality
material used for dressing.
2) Second. The salt dressing acts locally - only on the diseased organ or area of the body. As fluid is absorbed from the subcutaneous layer, tissue fluid from deeper layers rises into it, carrying with it all pathogenic principles: microbes, viruses and organic substances.
Thus, during the action of the bandage, fluid is renewed in the tissues of the diseased body, cleansed of the pathogenic factor and, as a rule, the pathological process is eliminated.
3) Third. Bandage with hypertonic sodium chloride solution acts gradually. The therapeutic result is achieved within 7-10 days, and sometimes more.
4) Fourth. Using a solution of table salt requires some caution. For example, I would not recommend using a bandage with a solution concentration exceeding 10 percent. In some cases, even an 8 percent solution is better. (Any pharmacist will help you prepare the solution).
I may be asked: where are doctors looking, if a bandage with a hypertonic solution is so effective, why is this method of treatment not widely used? I think doctors are being held captive drug treatment. Pharmaceutical companies offer more and more new and more expensive medicines. Unfortunately, medicine is also a business.
The trouble with hypertonic solution is that it is too simple and cheap. Meanwhile, life convinces me that such bandages are an excellent remedy in the fight against many ailments. For example, for a runny nose and headaches, I put a circular bandage on the forehead and back of the head at night. After an hour and a half, the runny nose goes away, and by morning the headache disappears. For any colds I apply bandages at the first sign. But if I still missed the time and the infection managed to penetrate into the pharynx and bronchi, then I do it at the same time
a full bandage on the head and neck (from 3-4 layers of soft thin linen) and on the back (from 2 layers of wet and 2 layers of dry towel) usually for the whole night. Cure is achieved after 4-5 procedures. At the same time, I continue to work.
So, I quoted a newspaper article found on the Internet...
Now the results:
How to cook 8-10 percentage solution salt
- Take 1 liter of boiled, snow or rain water or distilled warm water.
2. Place 90 g of table salt in 1 liter of water (that is, 3 level tablespoons). Stir thoroughly. The result was a 9 percent saline solution. - To get a 10 percent solution, you need, as you understand, 100 grams of salt per 1 liter of water, 8% - 80 grams of salt.
How to make a bandage
- 1. Take 8 layers of cotton gauze (sold at the pharmacy), pour out part of the solution and hold 8 layers of gauze in it for 1 minute. Squeeze slightly so that it does not leak. Do not squeeze dry, but lightly.
- 2. Place 8 layers of gauze on the sore spot. Be sure to put a piece of pure lamb wool (wool is breathable). Do this before bed.
- 3. Important - no cellophane (like in a compress)
- 4. Bandage everything with cotton - paper cloth or a bandage, without using plastic pads. Keep it until the morning. In the morning, remove everything. And on next night repeat everything. (At night, it’s easier to keep the bandage on, because you’re sleeping =) and the bandage won’t fall off anywhere)
Where to put the bandage
- A bandage with saline solution is applied to the projection of the organ
The bandage is soaked in a warm solution
Due to the circulation of solution and air, the dressing causes a cooling sensation. Therefore, the bandage should be soaked with a hot hypertonic solution (60-70 degrees). Before applying the bandage, you can cool it slightly by shaking it in the air.
Salt, as mentioned above, draws out all the bad things from the wound and disinfects it. Salt is an excellent sorbent. You can Google it and see how many grateful people write about saline solution. Cheap and cheerful!!!
Salt is necessary for normal human life, but it is very important to maintain a balance in its use. Lack of salt, as well as its excess, harms the body. A lack of salt causes headaches, weakness, nausea, and an excess causes damage to some internal organs. Except food use, salt is used to treat many diseases, and saline solutions are used as rinses, washes and used as dressings depending on the disease.
It is difficult to imagine our life without salt. There is always enough of it in our homes. We don’t think about its significance, but wars were once fought over it!
The healing properties of salt
The therapeutic effect of salt lies in its ability to “suck” fluid from tissues, from which microbes, bacteria, viruses, toxins, and pus come out. Thus, it is gradually destroyed pathogenic factor And inflammatory process is being liquidated.
Treatment with salt, saline solution or bandages is carried out at home for one to three weeks.
For what diseases can salt treatment be used?
Use salt dressings or brine possible with:
- colds;
- sinusitis, sinusitis;
- for healing wounds, suppurations, burns;
- joint diseases;
- mastopathy;
- diarrhea;
- poisoning;
- toothache;
- dandruff;
- diseases internal organs.
Making saline solution at home
For home treatment It is necessary to properly prepare the saline solution (hypertonic solution).
Use regular table or sea salt for the solution; it must be natural without additives. Do not use iodized salt or with preservatives.
For medicinal purposes, a 9% saline solution is prepared (small deviations are allowed, for example up to 8 or 10%). If the solution is of lower concentration it will not bring the desired effect, if it is more concentrated it may damage the capillaries. So the preparation of the correct saline solution must be approached with the utmost seriousness.
What is 9% saline solution? Dissolve 90 grams of salt (3 level tablespoons) in 1 liter of water. This will be a 9 percent saline solution. It is difficult to more accurately calculate the proportion for a smaller volume. If you don't need all the solution, use the rest next time. Store the saline solution in an airtight jar for no more than a day.
It is better to take purified (filtered) water for the solution. But if you don’t have one at the right time, use regular tap water.
At home, preparing a saline solution is very simple: pour a liter of water into a pan, add 3 tablespoons (without top) of salt, stir and put on fire. Bring to a boil and turn off the heat.
For dressings, use a warm solution. If you are using a pre-prepared solution, warm it up. But not in the microwave!
How to make a salt dressing
- Fold four layers of thin cotton fabric or eight layers of gauze.
- Immerse the prepared cloth in the hot saline solution for one minute. The fabric must be completely immersed in the solution. Then lightly wring out the fabric and apply a bandage to the sore spot. There should be no ointments or creams at the application site! A dry cloth can be placed on top, the bandage is secured with a plaster or bandaged.
Do not apply any cellophane, the saline dressing must breathe - this is not a compress!
- The bandage is applied in the evening before bedtime and removed in the morning.
- The fabric should fit snugly to the treatment site.
- When treating wounds, the procedures are repeated until healing.
- When treating inflamed joints and diseases of internal organs, salt dressings are applied daily for 9 days, after a week's break the course is repeated, then again a week's break and treatment is carried out for another 9 days.
- Treatment with salt dressings does not replace drug treatment, but complements it.
Application of saline dressings
Salt treatment with bandages is used for headaches, the first signs of acute respiratory infections or flu . In these cases, a bandage is placed around the head.
For sore throat, bronchitis, tracheitis make a salt bandage on the neck and back.
In case of poisoning put the cloth on the stomach.
Saline dressings are used in complex treatment with medications for diseases of the spine, sprains, burns, liver diseases .
In the treatment of liver diseases the bandage is applied from the right chest to the middle of the abdomen and to the spine (wrap) for 10 hours. Then it is removed and a heating pad is applied to the epigastric region to dilate the bile ducts so that the bile mass can freely pass into the intestines. If you do not use a heating pad, blockage of the bile ducts may occur.
Saline solution can be , abscesses, articular rheumatism, osteomyelitis . A saline solution, which has absorbent properties, absorbs liquid from tissues, but does not harm red blood cells, leukocytes, or living tissue cells.
When coughing You can also use saline dressings. In this case, they are secured to the back. Usually after four to five procedures the cough disappears.
For sinusitis or severe runny nose The water-salt dressing is secured so that the fabric covers the forehead, nose and most of the cheeks. It will be difficult to do this with one piece of fabric - use 2 and carefully secure them so that they do not fall off during sleep.
For toothache Make a small lotion and apply it to the gum near the sore tooth. Using a salt lotion will relieve toothache, but caries must be healed after this.
For the treatment of osteochondrosis , for example, lumbar or cervical, a bandage soaked in a 10 percent salt solution is applied to the sore spot for at least 2 weeks before going to bed at night and carefully secured. According to numerous reviews, this method salt treatment brings tangible relief after the first course of use.
A few more folk recipes
Salt shirt
In addition to using salt dressings, treatment can be carried out using a salt shirt.
This method is good because it covers most of the body and does not cause discomfort when used.
Salt shirt is good to use for diseases of the joints (shoulders) and back.
Take a light, soft nightgown or T-shirt (made from natural fabrics), soak it in a 9 percent salt solution for 15 minutes. Squeeze and dry. Put on a dried shirt at night. Repeat this for three nights. Then rinse the shirt and soak it again in the saline solution. Sleep in it for three nights. Then rinse and soak again. Sleep in it for three more nights. Then take a week break and repeat the course again. If necessary, a third course of treatment with salt can be carried out.
Treatment of joints with salt and snow
IN traditional treatment There is a recipe that relieves joint pain and swelling, it is especially good for. To do this you will need 1 part of cooking or sea salt and 2 parts of regular snow (easier to measure with glasses). Quickly mix the ingredients, apply a thick layer to the sore or swollen joint and leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe it dry and then do not wet the area for 8-10 hours. Best done before bed. It helps quickly, but in case of advanced pain, it is recommended to carry out procedures every other day for 10 days.
How to treat a runny nose by rinsing your nose
If you have a persistent runny nose, it is recommended to rinse your nose with saline solution at home. Of course, the solution should not be so concentrated: for adults - 1.5 teaspoons of salt per glass of warm water, for children 1 teaspoon per glass will be enough. Before rinsing, free your nose from snot, fill a large syringe without a needle with a saline solution and irrigate each nostril with a gentle stream, spending half a glass on this. This method is easiest to use for children.
For adults salt water You can pour it into your nostril directly from a small teapot, after tilting your head to the side over the sink. Thus, the solution, entering the “upper” nostril, pours out of the “lower” nostril. This is the most effective nasal rinse that can be done three times a day at home. It allows you to effectively fight viruses and swelling and quickly brings significant relief to the patient.
Heel baths
For heel pain and treatment heel spurs Baths with the addition of sea salt help very well.
Before going to bed, keep your feet for 15-20 minutes in a warm 8-10 percent water-salt solution, then get them wet, lubricate your heels with anti-inflammatory ointment, and put on socks.
Carry out the procedure for five days. If necessary, repeat the course after a week. Usually two courses are enough.
Contraindications
- high blood pressure;
- migraine;
- heart diseases;
- kidney diseases.
