Chronic appendicitis is a sluggish form of the inflammatory algorithm in the area of the appendix of the rectum. It is usually associated with a previous attack of acute appendicitis, most often found in women. Chronic appendicitis is accompanied by characteristic symptoms, however, diagnosis is necessary. This will make it possible to determine the causes and subsequent treatment of the pathological condition.
Reasons for formation in women
Experts identify three forms with which chronic appendicitis is associated in adults - residual, recurrent, primary chronic. The latter type, also called residual, occurs in adults and sometimes in children. It is characterized by the presence in the patient's history of one acute attack, which ended in recovery without surgical intervention.
Chronic appendicitis in a recurrent form is repeated attacks of appendicitis with minimal symptoms during remission. Some experts pay attention to the presence of primary chronic, or asymptomatic appendicitis. It develops gradually, with no precursors acute attacks, which are more common in adults than in children.
The residual type of chronic appendicitis is a consequence of a previously formed attack of this pathological condition. Wherein prerequisite it should be considered to be relieved without surgical removal of the appendix. It is important to understand that after subsiding acute symptoms in the area of the cecum, suitable conditions are maintained in order to maintain inflammatory process.
We are talking about adhesions, a cyst, a bend in the appendix, hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue - all this significantly complicates its emptying.
Considering all this, I would like to draw attention to what the symptoms of chronic appendicitis are. It is their timely identification that will make it possible to begin treatment as early as possible, which is necessary not only for adults - women or men, but also for children.
Symptoms of the chronic condition of appendicitis
Symptoms of chronic appendicitis are characterized by a predominance of subtle or even vague manifestations. The presented pathological condition is associated with a feeling of discomfort and heaviness. In addition, chronic appendicitis is accompanied by blunt aching pain in the area of the right iliac region, which may be permanent or form sporadically. Also, such painful sensations appear as a result of physical activity and any errors in the organization of the diet.
Chronic appendicitis, which occurs in women and men, is often associated with disorders of the digestive system. We are talking about attacks of nausea, flatulence, as well as the formation of constipation or diarrhea. Temperature indicators however, in the vast majority of cases they remain optimal. However, sometimes, especially in evening time, likely to increase to low-grade levels.
In the presence of chronic form appendicitis can be identified by much more varied symptoms. So, we can talk about the vesical complex, namely a very painful and frequent repetition of urination. Experts identify a vaginal symptomatic complex in women, namely severe pain during a gynecological examination.
Chronic appendicitis - symptoms may also be associated with a rectal complex of manifestations, in which significant pain is observed during a rectal examination. Subsequent attacks of an acute inflammatory condition of the cecum may present with symptoms that are associated with acute appendicitis.
Taking all this into account, it is safe to say that chronic appendicitis is a condition that is difficult to identify based solely on symptoms.
That is why, in order to determine a clear and correct diagnosis, it is strongly recommended not only to consult a specialist, but also to attend to the implementation of a correct diagnostic examination. In addition to issuing a medical verdict, this will allow starting an adequate recovery course that will eliminate the likelihood of complications and critical consequences in women and children.
Diagnosis of the disease
Indirect manifestations of chronic appendicitis can be identified by palpation of the abdomen. We can talk about local pain in the right iliac region, as well as positive symptom Obraztsov and quite rarely positive symptoms of Rovsing or Sitkovsky. Experts draw patients' attention to the following:
- To identify a condition such as chronic appendicitis, it is strongly recommended to perform X-ray contrast irrigoscopy in the area of the large intestine. The presented examination makes it possible to identify the absence or partial filling of the appendix with barium, the slowdown in its emptying, which is direct evidence of changes in the shape of the appendix, narrowing in the area of its lumen;
- Colonoscopy makes it possible to reject the presence of any neoplasms in problem areas in men and women. Carrying out the same plain radiography and ultrasound allows you to achieve similar visualization in relation to the abdominal region;
- clinical tests of the patient’s blood and urine in the presence of chronic appendicitis, in the vast majority of cases, are not associated with any pronounced changes.
In the primary chronic form of appendicitis, the diagnosis is determined by excluding other probable diseases peritoneal organs, which are characterized by similar symptoms. It is necessary to carry out differential diagnosis of the presented pathological condition with the following diseases: stomach ulcer, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic cholecystitis, spastic colitis.
In addition, speaking about differential diagnosis, I would like to draw attention to abdominal toad, yersinioso and many other diseases, including gynecological in women and helminthic infestations in children. It is important to consider that diagnostic examination should include a complete list of procedures so that the diagnosis remains as correct as possible. Also, in some cases, a re-examination may be required to determine certain features of the pathological condition and why signs of chronic appendicitis have formed.
Features of treatment
Particular attention is paid to how exactly chronic appendicitis should be treated. In particular, if the diagnosis has already been confirmed and the painful syndrome is persistent, it is strongly recommended that surgical treatment. We are talking about removing the cecum, which can be done using appendectomy open method or laparoscopic method. As part of the surgical intervention, a full examination of the condition of the peritoneal organs is also carried out to identify other probable causes painful sensations in the right iliac region.
The period after surgery must necessarily be associated with antibiotic therapy. Long-term results after surgery for chronic appendicitis are assessed as more problematic than, for example, after acute appendicitis. This is due to the development of adhesion algorithms.
In the case where mild symptoms are identified in a patient with a chronic form of appendicitis, conservative treatment is resorted to.
We are talking about the use of antispasmodics medicinal components, introduction of physiotherapeutic procedures, elimination of intestinal disorders.
Macroscopic changes in the area of the appendix in the chronic form of appendicitis can remain so blurred that they can be identified only by conducting a morphological examination of the most distant appendix. In the event that in women or men the caecum remains without any changes, there is a possibility that surgery may further aggravate the already existing painful syndrome. As you know, it is this that is the basis for appendectomy.
The operation is extremely rarely associated with complications, however, for optimal recovery of the body, it is advisable to spend some time in a hospital under the supervision of specialists. Special procedures and the use of medicinal components make it possible to speed up the recovery process and minimize pain. In order for recovery to be even faster and the likelihood of complications to be minimized, it is necessary to resort to certain preventive measures.
Preventive measures
Correct prevention is a prerequisite not only for women, but also for men. It is this that makes it possible to count on the maximum fast recovery body. When talking about prevention, experts mean following a diet, maintaining healthy image life, drinking plenty of water. It is very important to normalize the activity of the digestive system to eliminate the likelihood of any changes.
In addition, experts insist on the use of vitamin components and additional medications that make it possible to improve the functioning of the intestines and the entire gastrointestinal tract.
No less important element prevention should be considered timely diagnostic examination and treatment of any pathological conditions causing disorders.
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1.Can cancer be prevented?
The occurrence of a disease such as cancer depends on many factors. No person can ensure complete safety for himself. But significantly reduce the chances of occurrence malignant tumor everyone can.
2.How does smoking affect the development of cancer?
Absolutely, categorically forbid yourself from smoking. Everyone is already tired of this truth. But quitting smoking reduces the risk of developing all types of cancer. Smoking is associated with 30% of deaths from oncological diseases. In Russia, lung tumors kill more people than tumors of all other organs.
Eliminating tobacco from your life - best prevention. Even if you smoke not a pack a day, but only half a day, the risk of lung cancer is already reduced by 27%, as the American Medical Association found.
3.Does it affect excess weight on the development of cancer?
Look at the scales more often! Extra pounds will affect more than just your waist. The American Institute for Cancer Research has found that obesity promotes the development of tumors of the esophagus, kidneys and gallbladder. The fact is that adipose tissue not only serves to preserve energy reserves, it also has secretory function: Fat produces proteins that influence the development of chronic inflammation in the body. And oncological diseases appear against the background of inflammation. In Russia, WHO associates 26% of all cancer cases with obesity.
4.Do exercise help reduce the risk of cancer?
Spend at least half an hour a week training. Sport is on the same level as proper nutrition when it comes to cancer prevention. In the United States, a third of all deaths are attributed to the fact that patients did not follow any diet or pay attention to physical exercise. The American Cancer Society recommends exercising 150 minutes a week at a moderate pace or half as much but at a vigorous pace. However, a study published in the journal Nutrition and Cancer in 2010 shows that even 30 minutes can reduce the risk of breast cancer (which affects one in eight women worldwide) by 35%.
5.How does alcohol affect cancer cells?
Less alcohol! Alcohol has been blamed for causing tumors of the mouth, larynx, liver, rectum and mammary glands. Ethanol decomposes in the body to acetaldehyde, which then, under the action of enzymes, turns into acetic acid. Acetaldehyde is a strong carcinogen. Alcohol is especially harmful for women, as it stimulates the production of estrogens - hormones that affect the growth of breast tissue. Excess estrogen leads to the formation of breast tumors, which means that every extra sip of alcohol increases the risk of getting sick.
6.Which cabbage helps fight cancer?
Love broccoli. Vegetables not only contribute to a healthy diet, but they also help fight cancer. This is why recommendations for healthy eating contain the rule: half of the daily diet should be vegetables and fruits. Particularly useful are cruciferous vegetables, which contain glucosinolates - substances that, when processed, acquire anti-cancer properties. These vegetables include cabbage: regular cabbage, Brussels sprouts and broccoli.
7. Red meat affects which organ cancer?
The more vegetables you eat, the less red meat you put on your plate. Research has confirmed that people who eat more than 500g of red meat per week have a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer.
8.Which of the proposed remedies protect against skin cancer?
Stock up on sunscreen! Women aged 18–36 are especially susceptible to melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer. In Russia, in just 10 years, the incidence of melanoma has increased by 26%, world statistics show an even greater increase. Equipment for this is also blamed fake tan, And Sun rays. The danger can be minimized with a simple tube of sunscreen. A 2010 study in the Journal of Clinical Oncology confirmed that people who regularly apply a special cream have half the incidence of melanoma than those who neglect such cosmetics.
You need to choose a cream with a protection factor of SPF 15, apply it even in winter and even in cloudy weather (the procedure should turn into the same habit as brushing your teeth), and also not expose it to the sun's rays from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
9. Do you think stress affects the development of cancer?
Stress itself does not cause cancer, but it weakens the entire body and creates conditions for the development of this disease. Research has shown that constant worry alters activity immune cells, responsible for turning on the “hit and run” mechanism. As a result, a large amount of cortisol, monocytes and neutrophils, which are responsible for inflammatory processes, constantly circulate in the blood. And as already mentioned, chronic inflammatory processes can lead to the formation of cancer cells.
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Let's talk about the symptoms of chronic appendicitis in women and men. This pathology can happen to anyone, so the main thing is to know the root causes of the disease. Let's look at the main signs, symptoms and treatment of appendicitis.
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The site provides background information. Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious doctor. Any drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required, as well as detailed study of the instructions! .
Chronic appendicitis and its symptoms in women
Symptoms of appendicitis are associated with pain in the right side of the abdomen. The pain has different character: aching, pulling, paroxysmal.
The paroxysmal state may take some time. Any movement of the patient is difficult, the patient cannot lie quietly on one of the sides.
In addition to pain, there are many other symptoms that are subsequently diagnosed as attacks of appendicitis:
- Lack of stool or diarrhea;
- Vomiting and periodic nausea;
- Pain during examination by an obstetrician-gynecologist;
- Temperature changes to a maximum at night;
- When palpating the patient in a supine position with the right limb raised, the compaction and appendix are palpated.
These attacks are in many ways similar to diseases that are associated with the gastrointestinal tract. Before diagnosing, the doctor checks the symptoms of diseases, which include cholecystitis, urolithiasis disease, gynecological diseases, ulcerative attacks.
Possible causes of the disease
Chronic appendicitis refers to inflammatory processes, all signs of which are sluggish and appear in the area of the cecum, located in the lower right part of the abdomen. Similar phenomena are observed against the background of early appendicitis. 
The development of the disease depends on the following reasons:
- The spread of infection from the appendix to the peritoneum, the body’s defense reactions provoke the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the body;
- Blockage of the colon with feces, intoxication begins;
- Blockage of the arteries supplying the appendix;
- Gynecological diseases that are associated with uterine pathology;
- Long-term abuse of unhealthy and fast food;
- Hereditary factors;
- Problems with the release of contents from the appendix.
Depending on the root cause, the disease is:
- Residual - pain after acute appendicitis;
- Recurrent - signs of this form appear quickly and acutely: an increase in body temperature, unbearable pain;
- Quiet course - difficult to diagnose, since it is asymptomatic, no attacks in the form of cramping pain are observed.
Clinical signs in men
The first symptoms of chronic appendicitis in men appear within 7 hours from the onset of the first attack.
The clinical picture of male appendicitis is as follows:
- Constant nausea accompanied by pain;
- Dry mouth and white coating on the tongue;
- Increased body temperature;
- Pain in the lower right side, often near the testicle.
According to statistics, teenagers and young men of 20 years old suffer from appendicitis. Perforation of the appendix is much more common in men than in women.
Diagnosis of the chronic form
The main role in treatment is played by diagnosis, which can be carried out using the following methods:
- Ultrasound of organs abdominal cavity- allows you to determine the presence of an inflammatory process or abscess of the appendix.
- Irrigoscopy is an X-ray examination of the colon; a contrast agent (barium sulfate) is injected into the body, which reveals changes in the intestines, the presence of stones and stenosis in the appendix.
- Carrying out laboratory tests(blood, urine) helps establish inflammatory processes in the body.
- Colonoscopy is a procedure that helps rule out colon tumors.
If there is a history of acute appendicitis, diagnosing chronic disease is simplified many times. Diagnosis can be made by palpation. With chronic appendicitis, the skin in right side the groin appears flabby.
Particular difficulties in diagnosing the disease arise in pregnant women. Only an experienced surgeon can diagnose diseases and identify negative changes in the abdomen.
A simple test is enough. If the patient bends poorly to the right side or experiences burning pain, which forces you to hold your right side with your hand - this no longer excludes appendicitis.
The second method of determining appendicitis when examining a patient is coughing. The doctor asks the patient to cough well while lying down, and then turn on his right side and laugh. The patient's grimace will indicate the presence of the disease.
Self-diagnosis chronic inflammation appendix is excluded, since there are many diseases that are similar in symptoms to appendicitis. Delaying seeking help from specialists can cost the patient his life.
Differential diagnosis of the disease
Appendicitis belongs to the group of diseases that can masquerade as other diseases.
Before deciding on surgical intervention, conduct a detailed examination of the patient and conduct laboratory tests.
Symptoms of appendicitis may also indicate the presence of diseases in the patient’s body:
- Urolithiasis;
- Stomach ulcer;
- Crohn's disease;
- Ovarian neoplasms;
- Intestinal obstruction;
- False pregnancy;
- Endometritis.
There are many diseases with similar symptoms. Before cutting the abdomen, you need to make sure that the disease is associated with appendicitis and not with the pathology of other organs.
Video
Features of nutrition in pathology
After surgery, following a certain diet, since ignoring it leads to unbearable pain and disruption of the entire gastrointestinal tract. The recovery process and the absence of complications after surgery depend on how accurately the diet is followed.
Appendicitis involves surgery, the duration of which lasts from half an hour or more. It all depends on the severity and duration of the disease.
The operation takes little time, after which it is necessary to follow a strict diet, which is aimed at:
- To restore tissue in damaged areas of the intestine;
- Minimizing the load on the digestive system;
- Restoring the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
Dietary food after removal of the appendix requires the daily slow entry into the digestive tract of a small amount of food with a liquid consistency. The essence of the diet after removal of the appendix comes down to fortifying the patient’s body.
In the first 12 hours after the operation, the patient is prohibited from eating any food. All that is possible is to wet the patient’s lips with distilled water to prevent them from drying out. 
The approach is related to the prevention of infection of the digestive tract through food. After surgery, all tissues are fragile and not completely healed.
What is the duration dietary nutrition depends on the personal characteristics of the body and the speed of the healing process. Recovery monitoring is carried out by a doctor, who makes a conclusion about the diversity of the patient’s diet.
What are the principles of nutrition after surgery?
- The patient is required to start eating small portions;
- Swallowing whole is unacceptable, each piece takes a long time to chew;
- Initial nutrition should be predominantly “hungry”;
- The consistency and quantitative composition of the food consumed must correspond to the daily recommendations of the attending physician;
- How the diet will change depends on the patient himself.
After surgery to remove the appendix, all food should be consumed in pureed form.
No fatty, salty, sour foods.
Only boiled and proper food. A feature of the diet after appendicitis is the daily consumption of a significant amount of food. Water-alkaline balance is important in the process of rapid recovery of the patient.
If you follow the correct diet, the healing process will make itself felt 2 weeks after the operation.
Prohibited products for the patient
- Salt and any products with a high amount of salt in it;
- Smoked products of any kind: fish, meat;
- Spicy and fatty foods;
- Flour products and cream products that slow down the absorption of food;
- Carbonated drinks that contribute to the formation of flatulence in the body;
- Dairy products with a high fat content and lactic acid bacteria can provoke fermentation processes and bloating.
Authorized Products
- Zucchini and pumpkin;
- Chicken broth;
- Yoghurts;
- Lean varieties of meat and fish in finely processed form;
- Vegetable soups;
- Teas, jelly, compotes.
All of these dishes should be eaten warm. Excessive consumption of them helps to deteriorate the digestion of food and the formation of gas formation.
Treatment of chronic appendicitis
- The use of any physiotherapeutic procedures until a complete diagnosis is established is prohibited.
- Taking any medications or painkillers is prohibited.
- Treatment of appendicitis begins with intravenous medications.
- Further treatment methods depend entirely on the form of the disease.
- At the first stage, if you seek medical help in a timely manner, the risk of perforation of the appendix is not so great. For such patients, it is recommended to conservative treatment antibiotics to minimize inflammation. Patients with this diagnosis do not require immediate surgical intervention. Preparation for an appendectomy is carried out gradually.
- If the attacks last for a week, the patient, in addition to treatment with antibiotics, is prescribed a procedure for draining the abdominal abscess.
- Without surgical treatment, removal of appendicitis is impossible. And the sooner the patient seeks advice from a doctor, the more favorable the prognosis will be.
Removal of the appendix is carried out by appendectomy, a laparoscopy method, the result of which is several holes in the anterior abdominal wall. 
Transluminal surgery involves the insertion through the genitals of instruments that visually assess the patient’s condition, which subsequently makes it possible to determine the method of performing the operation.
If the examination reveals that appendicitis has become perforated, treat with antibiotics until the clinical signs of appendicitis completely disappear.
Help from folk remedies
The vermiform appendix is an organ that does not play a significant role in the performance of the body. But in the case of inflammatory processes, its presence threatens trouble for the patient.
When appendicitis occurs, the initial pain begins in the lower part of the right side, and is subsequently supplemented by constipation or diarrhea.
Apply traditional methods should be done after consultation with your doctor.
- Fenugreek decoction.
A teaspoon of seeds brewed with a glass of boiling water for an hour is excellent remedy for quick removal of mucus from the body. The decoction is consumed in small portions throughout the day.
- Wheat.
Significant consumption of wheat grains eliminates constipation and improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. There is no danger for patients with wheat grains intestinal disorders and stomach problems. The method is used as a preventive measure against appendicitis.
- Ginger+garlic.
They have an anti-inflammatory effect, which has a positive effect in the treatment of appendicitis. The products can be consumed both together and separately. The composition strengthens the immune system.
Possible consequences and complications
The most serious complication after chronic appendicitis is peritonitis, which can be diffuse or not.
In the diffuse form, inflammatory processes are observed in the peritoneum, which is often a cause of death.
Chronic appendicitis does not occur in patients as often as acute attacks of the disease. Refers to inflammatory processes with a sluggish nature. Symptoms appear vaguely. Because of this, it is rarely possible to immediately install accurate diagnosis, that leads to frequent relapses pathology and improper treatment. Therefore, if there are problems with digestion and pain in the abdominal area, it is always recommended to additionally check the patient for the possibility of inflammation of appendicitis. The treatment is carried out by a gastroenterologist.
The disease is a sluggish form of the inflammatory process that develops in the appendix. It is located in one of the sections of the cecum. Usually the disorder is associated with an attack of acute appendicitis, which the patient had previously suffered.
Experts distinguish between two types of chronic disease.
- Recurrent chronic appendicitis. It is this form that most often develops against the background of a previous acute inflammation.
- Primary chronic appendicitis. It develops extremely rarely and without a preliminary inflammatory process.
The first type of pathology occurs due to the fact that even after removing the inflamed appendix, a large number of scars remain in place and adhesions can form. Because of this, the lumens in the intestine narrow and kinks appear, which prevents the cavity from being completely cleared of food.
Because of this, liquid and food elements begin to stagnate in the tissues, which lead to putrefactive processes and infection. Primary chronic appendicitis is also provoked by congestive processes, but has less severe symptoms.
Some experts also distinguish separately the residual form of chronic appendicitis; it is also called residual. With this type, the inflammation was stopped without removing the process, which ultimately created an ideal environment for the further spread of bacteria. The intestinal tissue is already damaged and more easily susceptible to penetration by disease-causing pathogens, which can cause disruption.
Other causes of violation
Additional provoking factors are:
- frequent stress and fatigue;
- infectious diseases of the digestive system;
- decreased immunity;
- eating large amounts of meat products;
- hypothermia of the body;
- unhealthy diet and overeating;
- increased body weight and obesity;
- presence of bad habits such as alcohol and smoking;
- chronic constipation, especially against the background of ulcers and gastritis4
- work involving lifting heavy objects.
Attention! The resulting inflammation can cause not only chronic appendicitis, but also provoke dangerous complications such as perforation and necrosis of intestinal tissue.
Symptoms of the disease
At chronic course the disease does not have the same symptoms as with acute stage. They are all blurry in nature and can be mistaken for a normal digestive disorder due to errors in nutrition. The following signs are found in pathology:
- discomfort and heaviness appear on the right side, this feeling can be girdling;
- present in the iliac region on the right pain syndrome, but it is weakly expressed and has a dull character;
- pain rarely appears constantly, usually has periods of activity and calm;
- The discomfort is especially acute after physical activity and not proper nutrition;
- the patient is often accompanied by nausea and flatulence;
- there are problems with stool in the form of constipation or diarrhea;
Problems with bowel movements are one of the symptoms of chronic appendicitis
- the temperature rarely rises, but can rise to subfebrile in the evening and at night;
- problems with urination, which are characterized by frequent and painful urges, are rarely observed;
- during sexual intercourse, pain may be felt in the vagina and perineum;
- if the patient lifts right leg, pain intensifies;
- discomfort also becomes more pronounced during sneezing and coughing;
- when palpating the sore spot, unpleasant sensations also appear.
The danger of chronic appendicitis
Many patients suffer for years due to developing disease, but the disease remains in the stage of sluggish inflammation. But sometimes, when the patient’s appendage has not been removed before, an acute inflammatory process eventually occurs. It has a more complex and rapid course than in patients who previously had no prerequisites for appendicitis.
Due to prolonged inflammation, intestinal tissues become weak and the risk of rupture increases, which provokes peritonitis. In this condition, the patient is extremely difficult to save due to the release of pus and toxic substances into the abdominal cavity.
Also, due to the formation of adhesions and scars after removal of the appendix, the risk of intestinal obstruction or the development of adhesive disease increases; it is characterized by fusion of the walls of neighboring organs. Sometimes a necrotic process develops.
Diagnosis of the disease
A doctor is rarely able to immediately suspect the presence of chronic appendicitis, since it simply does not exist objective reasons check the process for possible inflammation. The easiest way to determine the recurrent type of disease is that the patient’s treatment card contains information about a previous disorder. Because of this, when symptoms appear, the patient is most often once again diagnosed with acute appendicitis and prescribed antibacterial or surgical treatment.
To make a diagnosis with vague symptoms, palpation is required. The doctor pays attention to which side the discomfort is localized and how bright it is. An Obraztsov test can also be performed when the patient is asked to raise his right leg. If there is a violation, the patient will feel pain in the right side.
Table 1. Laboratory diagnostic methods
| Diagnostics | The essence of the method | Result |
|---|---|---|
| X-ray contrast irrigoscopy | It is carried out in the large intestine. A small hose is inserted into the patient through the anus and the organ is filled with barium through it. | If the contrast agent partially fills the appendix or fails to penetrate into it at all, we are talking about appendicitis. Additionally, the shape and size of the process is assessed. |
| Colonoscopy | It is carried out through the anus. A small tube with a camera is inserted into the intestine. | Evaluates the presence of tumors, cysts and other disorders in the mucosa that could cause the disorder. |
| Abdominal ultrasound | Performed on an empty stomach | Necessary for assessing organ size and possible availability tumors and cysts. |
| General and detailed urine analysis | Only morning urine is taken for testing. | Leukocyte levels are checked |
| General and detailed analysis | For testing, blood is taken on an empty stomach. | Necessary for determining the level of ESR and ROE |
When a primary chronic type of disease occurs, it is necessary to make a diagnosis by excluding others. possible violations, which may be associated with the functioning of the digestive, reproductive and urinary systems. Mandatory excluded helminthic infestation, women should be checked for the possibility of having an ectopic pregnancy.
Surgical treatment of chronic appendicitis
If, before the discovery of chronic appendicitis, the patient has not previously had the caecum removed, and the patient experiences prolonged and severe pain, an appendectomy is prescribed. The operation involves removal of the appendix. The intervention can be performed openly or by laparoscopy.
Sometimes after surgery due to further education scars and adhesions may again cause signs of chronic appendicitis. In this case, only conservative treatment is indicated.
Attention! Open operations are carried out only as a last resort, when there is a high risk of rupture of appendicitis and the formation of peritonitis.
Video - Laparoscopic appendectomy for chronic appendicitis
Conservative treatment of chronic appendicitis
Antibiotics are used to treat the disease wide range impact. They are selected taking into account the severity of symptoms of chronic appendicitis. Additionally, painkillers can be used if the syndrome has severe symptoms. To eliminate digestive disorders, medications are used that target a specific symptom.
The drug belongs to the class of cephalosporins. The drug is administered three times a day at a dose of 750 mg. Treatment involves intravenous or intramuscular injection. In severe cases, the dosage is increased to 1.5 g active substance also three times a day. Therapy continues for 5-14 days.
It can be used instead of the first drug and has a convenient release form. Taken in capsule form. The dosage of Dalacin C is 0.6-1.8 g of active substance per day, the prescribed amount of antibiotic is divided into 3-4 doses. Treatment continues with an individually selected course.
It copes well even with advanced infections. Treatment involves the administration of 0.5-1 g of the active substance intravenously. The product is administered by drip, the procedure takes at least 30 minutes. After the first administration, you need to take another 500 mg of Metrogyl eight hours later. If the patient tolerates the drug well, drip administration is replaced by jet administration, also intravenously. The daily dose is adjusted taking into account the patient's condition. The course is continued for a week.
For chronic appendicitis, the tablet form of the medication is usually sufficient. Treatment involves taking 40-80 mg of the active substance. Maximum daily dose No-Shpy 240-320 mg, taking into account the severity of the disease. At acute pain the solution is administered intravenously in the same amount. The course of treatment is no more than one week, usually a few days are enough.
The drug helps combat attacks of nausea and vomiting. For treatment after 14 years, you need to take one tablet no more than four times a day. Therapy is continued until symptoms disappear completely; Cerucal can be taken for up to six weeks.
Mild laxative. It is recommended to take the product at a dose of three tablespoons of syrup for the first three days, and then, if there is no effect, take another 15 ml. The duration of treatment is selected individually for each patient, as it is necessary to take into account the severity of his condition.
Available in tablet form to prevent diarrhea. Nifuroxazide has an additional antibacterial effect. Treatment involves taking 2 tablets up to four times a day. Therapy lasts 10 days.
Traditional methods of treatment
Such methods can eliminate the manifestations of the inflammatory process and reduce unpleasant symptoms. They help best in case of primary manifestation diseases and after removal of the appendage.
To prepare the solution, you need to take 10 g of dry matter. The leaves are poured with 300 ml of boiling water. The plant is infused for two hours and carefully filtered through a fine sieve. Accept medicinal product three times a day, the solution should be at room temperature. The dose is 50-70 ml of the substance at a time. If the remedy does not help within two days, consult a doctor.
Common mantle and strawberry leaves
100 g of the first ingredient must be combined with 40 g of strawberries. For better effect, it is recommended to add crushed blackberry leaves to the mixture. The herbs are thoroughly mixed and poured with boiling water. For 2 tablespoons you should take 350 ml of liquid. It takes no more than five minutes to boil the product over low heat, after which it is infused for another 10 minutes. It is required to take the medication at a dose of 5-10 ml throughout the day. Treatment takes one day.
blackberry leaves
For treatment, you need to take fresh leaves of the plant; they are first well crushed. 10 g of raw material is poured into 200 ml of boiling water and left for 20 minutes, after which it is immediately drunk. The treatment lasts only one day and involves taking this remedy in the form of tea every hour.
blackberry leaves
Mistletoe and wormwood
To prepare the solution you need to take 20 g of each ingredient. They must be dried and crushed. The resulting amount of herbal mixture is poured into 750 ml of boiling water and infused for 3 hours. Take 100 ml every two hours throughout the day. Treatment takes one day.
Milk with cumin
It is necessary to take this remedy at the first attacks of the disorder. Treatment involves the use of 200 ml of warm milk, in which 2-5 cumin seeds are heated. It is recommended to take 100-200 ml warm every hour. Therapy is continued for one day.
Attention! Can not use folk remedies with acute pain in the iliac region and clouding of consciousness, which is additionally accompanied by vomiting. If you experience such symptoms, you should immediately call a doctor or seek help yourself.
Nutrition for chronic appendicitis
During attacks and disturbances in the digestive system, it is important to follow the principles of proper nutrition, which will cleanse the cavity of the appendix and reduce the manifestation of inflammation.
- It is recommended to eat porridge cooked in water; it is recommended to grind it as much as possible. Buckwheat and oatmeal are well tolerated.
- Reduce the amount of fatty meat; it is also recommended to eat it in the form of minced meat or steamed cutlets.
- It is better to boil and bake vegetables; raw foods intensify the attack.
- It is necessary to completely avoid carbonated drinks, smoked foods and pickles.
- Confectionery products are harmful, store-bought weaknesses are especially dangerous.
- Low-fat soups prepared with plenty of vegetables with a minimum content of seasonings and salt are healthy.
- You should avoid gas-forming foods, including stewed cabbage.
- Fermented milk products with minimal sugar content are healthy.
Proper nutrition also applies to preventive methods treatment. To date, there are no other recommendations for the prevention of chronic appendicitis.
Attention! If it was carried out surgery After removing the appendix, the diet for the patient is selected only by a gastroenterologist. You should stick to this diet for at least 3-4 weeks after surgery.
Appendicitis can occur at any age and in people of any gender. However, statistics show that most often it becomes inflamed in people aged 5-40 years.
Among patients aged 20-40 years, there are twice as many women as men, while among patients under the age of 20, men predominate.
Women in general get sick somewhat more often than men. After 40 years, the likelihood of developing the disease decreases significantly, but does not become zero.
Therefore, appendicitis can also occur in older people. Appendicitis is also rarely diagnosed in children under 5 years of age.
For your information!
It has been proven that people who have had their appendix removed have problems with having enough beneficial microorganisms in their intestines. However, the appendix is not one of the vital organs without which the body cannot exist.
Functions of the appendix are not exactly clear. Previously, the appendix was viewed as a simple evolutionary vestige, like that of animals with a herbivorous diet, and now functionally useless. Now there's good reason to believe he's playing important role in endocrine and immune processes, as well as in the formation of intestinal microflora.
Classification of appendicitis
The main stages of development of appendicitis:
- Catarrhal
- Phlegmonous
- Gangrenous
- Perforated
One of possible reasons and factors provoking development of acute appendicitis, is a violation of the evacuation function of the appendix, as a result of which the appendix’s own microorganisms multiply and inflammation occurs. IN childhood cause of acute appendicitis may become worms.
Main symptoms of acute appendicitis
- nausea, vomiting
- rise in body temperature to 37.5–38°C
- stool retention (sometimes), diarrhea (rarely)
- frequent urination (if the process is located in the pelvic cavity)
For your information!
If the pain spreads throughout the abdomen, this may indicate the development of peritonitis, which requires immediate surgical intervention.
Pain that gradually gets worse, most often occurs suddenly in the iliac region on the right (this is the lower abdomen) or in the pit of the stomach, sometimes in the epigastrium (upper abdomen) or in the navel (paraumbilical). Usually after 2-3 hours the pain is concentrated in the right lower abdomen, becoming permanent. Movement and tension increase pain, rest reduces it.
Nausea happens quite often, as well as vomiting, usually once, of food eaten. With the development of peritonitis, vomiting may resume and be repeated many times.
If acute appendicitis is suspected, it is necessary to urgently call " ambulance", since the sooner the operation is performed, the less danger development of severe complications.
How to check whether it is appendicitis or not...
Appendicitis is difficult to recognize, this should be done by a surgeon. Its main symptom is pain. The pain is most often localized in the right lower abdomen. Due to the nature of the innervation, sometimes it is impossible to determine what exactly hurts: there is no point at which the pain is concentrated.
That's why appendicitis usually begins with pain generally in the abdomen or around the navel. Then the pain may move to the right, but this is not necessary. The pain is constant and gradually intensifies.
You can’t put pressure on your stomach yourself and try to feel what’s hurting there. Due to the strong impact, the appendix can, roughly speaking, burst. This will lead to complications.
Only safe tests can be performed:
- Cough. When you cough, the pain on the right side will intensify, this is a symptom of a cough impulse
- Lie in the fetal position (curl up) on your right side. In this case, the pain should subside.
- Turn on your left side and stretch your legs. With appendicitis, the pain will become stronger and should be localized in the lower abdomen on the right.
- Lying on your left side, lightly press with your palm on sore spot, then abruptly release. With appendicitis, the pain will become stronger precisely at the moment when you let go.
Complications of appendicitis
At late application Following medical care and attempts at self-medication, complications such as infiltration, abscess, peritonitis, etc. can develop quite quickly (from several hours to 2-3 days).
Infiltrate- involvement in the inflammatory process of neighboring organs of the abdominal cavity (omentum, cecum, loop of the small intestine) with the formation of a compaction, which either resolves under the influence of conservative treatment or festeres, turning into an abscess.
Abscess- purulent inflammation that causes local inflammation of the peritoneum adjacent to the appendix.
- purulent inflammation that has spread throughout the peritoneum in the absence of measures aimed at treating the abscess.
After these complications, adhesions of the intestine with other organs often occur.
Diagnosis and treatment of appendicitis
Attention IMPORTANT!
1. Before the ambulance arrives and until a diagnosis has been established, the use of laxatives and heating pads on the stomach is unacceptable.
2. In the absence of accessible qualified medical care or if there is a long wait for it, it is necessary to put the patient to bed, put cold on his stomach and not eat food (“cold, hunger and rest”); Only drinking a small amount of water is allowed.
The following tests are carried out in the hospital to confirm the diagnosis::
- blood and urine test
- X-ray of the abdomen and chest
One of the early indicators of acute appendicitis is an increase in the number of leukocytes with a normal ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), a shift in the leukocyte formula to the left.
It should be noted that there are many diseases that manifest themselves with symptoms similar to appendicitis (acute gastroenteritis, adnexitis, pancreatitis and cholecystitis, right-sided renal colic, right-handed, ectopic pregnancy etc.), for most of which surgery is not indicated.
Therefore in difficult cases do diagnostic laparoscopy
, which not only prevents unnecessary surgical intervention, reliably excluding appendicitis, but also (if the diagnosis is confirmed) allows the operation to be performed in a less traumatic endoscopic manner.
The operation is not performed if the appendiceal infiltrate is calm, if there is a tendency to its resorption. In such situations, while observing bed rest, cold is applied to the right iliac region, a light diet and antibacterial drugs. However, after resorption of the infiltrate, 3–4 months after recovery, removal of the appendix is recommended, due to the fact that the risk of its re-inflammation in such people is significantly higher.
Transition of acute appendicitis to chronic(manifested by mild, constant or colicky pain, mainly in the right iliac region) occurs extremely rarely, usually if the patient has not been operated on for some reason, and all acute signs of the disease have subsided.
FAQ:
Appendicitis on which side?- Answer: The appendix is located (on the right) in the right iliac region!
Attention! the information on the site does not constitute a medical diagnosis or a guide to action and is intended for informational purposes only.
Surgical excision of an inflamed appendix does not yet indicate that this appendix will not have to be dealt with in the future. Sluggish inflammatory process that does not acquire sharp forms, can take place over several years, and is most often observed in older people. How does chronic appendicitis proceed, symptoms in women, diagnosis and treatment of a rather painful disease?
Does chronic appendicitis occur in women?
When asked whether chronic appendicitis occurs in women, every surgeon will confidently answer that This disease most often occurs in the fairer sex. There are many reasons for this, but there is only one way out - immediate contact with a doctor for further treatment, usually surgical.
Often women do not pay attention to alarming symptoms, attributing everything to malaise or even the beginning of menstruation, which may have similar symptoms. You should not be careless about the body’s signals, which may not be similar to ordinary weakness - only a visit to the doctor with a detailed, thorough examination and accurate diagnosis will help you begin immediate treatment.
If there is any doubt that this is chronic appendicitis, symptoms in women that are promptly noticed will help prevent complications and exacerbation of the disease. Even if not all the signs indicating the disease are present, you should not try to get rid of the pain on your own - these actions can lead to significant health complications.
Symptoms of chronic appendicitis in women
Is it possible to independently recognize the symptoms of chronic appendicitis in women? This is not as difficult as victims of the disease may think, because in most cases the disease has similar symptoms. The most basic symptom that almost everyone experiences is abdominal pain.. They can be localized both on the right side and near the navel itself or even on the left. The nature of the pain can also differ - it can be unpleasant and aching, or occur in sharp outbreaks.
Additional signs indicating the development of the disease:
- intestinal disorders (usually prolonged constipation);
- nausea, almost always turning into vomiting;
- frequent urination, accompanied by attacks of pain;
- At night the temperature usually rises significantly;
- if you press on the alarming side of the abdomen, a flash of severe pain is felt.
Often in women, such signs are associated with most gastric diseases, so it is quite difficult to say for sure that this is inflammation of the appendix. Only an immediate visit to the doctor followed by an examination will help determine the cause of the pain and respond to it. alarming manifestation. You should not be afraid of the diagnosis of chronic appendicitis; symptoms in women can often indicate a milder illness; the main thing is not to treat these signs carelessly.
Diagnosis of chronic appendicitis - how it is carried out
How is chronic appendicitis diagnosed and is it possible to make mistakes in determining the disease? If a woman’s medical history already includes acute appendicitis, then first of all the doctor will suspect its chronic form, and will focus on symptoms that can confirm this. Just one glance at the patient’s stomach will be enough to make sure that the cause of the malaise is the appendix. This is easy to determine - this side of the abdomen will be softer, with loose skin.
The next stage of the examination, which will help determine the size of the inflammation and the structure of the appendix - taking an x-ray. CT scan It is prescribed rarely and only in cases where there is a suspicion that this is not an inflammatory process, but just one of the gastric diseases. Must be carried out and general analysis blood. The research results will help determine the development of inflammation.
What symptoms in older women may indicate an inflammatory process in the appendix?
In women in at a young age The chronic form of the disease is observed extremely rarely; most often, slightly older ladies become victims of the insidious appendix. Despite your age, you must definitely respond to alarms body and immediately go to the doctor.
What symptoms should we pay attention to in older women? They are practically no different from the general signs of chronic appendicitis:
- pain that can be located both on the right and in other parts of the abdomen;
- sunken and wrinkled area skin in the area of previously performed surgical intervention;
- attacks of nausea alternating with vomiting;
- problems with stool (this can be either diarrhea or prolonged painful constipation);
- problems with urination, which in their soreness can resemble cystitis.
It is not necessary to wait for all the signs to appear, because every female body has its own characteristics and can even alert about chronic appendicitis different symptoms. The main thing is to promptly pay attention to abdominal pain and consult a doctor, who will find out its cause and, if necessary, provide immediate treatment.
Treatment of chronic appendicitis - how does it happen?
If the disease becomes threatening and the pain continues for a long time, treatment of chronic appendicitis is carried out with only one method - surgical intervention. Research is being carried out simultaneously internal organs and the possibility of distribution to healthy tissue. It is possible that the inflammatory process in the appendix has caused damage to neighboring important organs and treatment will require a longer period of time.
If the inflammation of the appendix does not threaten anything and there are no signs of exacerbations, it is quite possible that surgical intervention will not be needed. To influence the disease, a course of taking antispasmodics or special physical therapy is sufficient.
Despite the fact that the disease is not always of a threatening nature, only an experienced doctor can determine the degree of its development, who will prescribe the necessary method of influence. Trying to do something on your own is quite dangerous illness is strictly prohibited - complications in this case are guaranteed.
Treatment of chronic appendicitis with proven folk remedies
If there is no exacerbation of the disease or complications, it is quite possible that it will be possible to cope with it with herbal compositions, which are so rich in ethnoscience. Of course, first You need to get a doctor's consent to use home remedies. If the doctor considers traditional therapy possible, you can try treatment without medications.
Most a simple and proven recipe for a cure for chronic appendicitis- a decoction based on milk and caraway seeds. It will not only quickly relieve pain, but also stop the inflammatory process, especially in the first stages. It’s easy to prepare the product - boil milk (240 ml), add 30 g to it. cumin seeds and simmer for 3 minutes at a low simmer. Be sure to cool under the lid. After filtration, you can begin treatment.
Take 60 ml of decoction every three hours, and you don’t need to add anything to it, despite bad taste. The pain will disappear the next day, but treatment must be continued for at least a week.
