Not everyone knows that about 90% of the country's population over the age of 30 suffers from various diseases oral cavity. Dentistry annually provides frightening photographs, video reports, and statistical data on this topic. Is it possible to avoid such a nuisance and recover at home?
Gingivitis, periodontitis, periodontal disease
Inflammation of the gums, decay - all this is so common in everyday life. Many people have neither the opportunity, nor the desire, nor the money to visit dentists. Therefore, if you do not need the help of surgeons or orthopedists (flap surgery, tumor removal after prosthetics, etc.), then you can cure gum disease at home.
Unpleasant smell from the mouth, yellowed teeth, all this over time can develop into dangerous diseases teeth and gums: gingivitis or even periodontitis. These diseases are a consequence of the activity of microorganisms. Over time, they turn from an invisible mass into a mass that is quite difficult to get rid of. And since all the food that is needed for normal metabolism passes through the mouth, these minor troubles can soon cause diseases internal organs.
Why is it dangerous? gingivitis? This is a very insidious disease that begins with slight bleeding of the gums while eating or brushing teeth, possibly with a slight plaque. Interdental gingival papillae They acquire an unnatural red color and may swell. The main reason is poor oral hygiene due to the accumulation of food particles that form a soft plaque that causes swelling. Manifestation: pain when cleaning, odor, blue or dark red color.
If gingivitis is not treated in time, it will develop further. periodontitis. Here, inflammation spreads not only to the edges of the gums, but also to all the tissues around the teeth. Plaque and tartar destroy periodontal fibers. Periodontal pockets form between the gum and the root of the tooth, where deposits and pus collect. It is these pockets that differentiate periodontitis from gingivitis.
— special disease, characterized by a gradual receding gum height. It is noteworthy that the gums have a healthy color and adhere tightly to the tooth, there is no inflammation. This occurs more often in elderly people, in whom there is a process of gradual changes in blood vessels (lack of nutrients). Many people confuse periodontal disease with periodontitis, but it should be remembered that the former is rare.
Symptoms of gum disease:
- Bleeding (when brushing teeth or simply while eating);
- Gum tissue that is too soft;
- Bad breath;
- Tooth pain, sensitivity, yellowness;
- Cyst on the jaw;
- Tooth loss or mobility.
Diseases of teeth and gums in pictures:
Photo - Periodontal disease
Periodontitis is a disease of the teeth and gums in humans
Gingivitis is a disease of the teeth and oral cavity.
Treatment and prevention
Gum diseases are scary manifestations only if they have already acquired an advanced form; If the disease is detected in time, it can be treated quite quickly. Let's say the simplest and effective method to strengthen teeth and gums - chew twigs with buds. Useful properties sprouts of oak, birch, and pine are known. By the way, the latter will also freshen your breath.
With the help of plants, you can prepare various decoctions to prevent tooth loss and strengthen gums. Needs to be cooked pine decoction. To do this, we need one glass of fresh pine needles, preferably picked in the spring forest, and half a liter of water. Boil, throw the plant into the liquid, cook over very low heat for another 15 minutes, then remove and hide in a dark place. Leave for one night. Rinse the gums with pine needles every day for two weeks.
Reviews from those who have tried this method of treating gum disease are encouraging - people claim that after just a few days their breath became noticeably fresher, their gums became stronger and stopped bleeding, and the lucky ones got rid of toothache.
In the Middle Ages in Rus' it was widely used Birch juice . This is very good antiseptic, which in our homeland was sometimes easier to get than bread. The principle of action is the same as that of pine needles - just rinse your mouth with liquid, this way you can cure a fistula. But these methods can only be used in the spring, so it is necessary to look for an alternative.
The plant can be used all year round aloe. Many people associate this decorative bush with sneezing, but it can also treat gum diseases. Every morning before breakfast, we wipe our teeth with a fresh leaf of the plant. We do the same thing at night, the course must be followed for two weeks, and the result will become noticeable after 7 days.
Treatment of periodontal disease with salt This is possible only under the close supervision of a doctor; this method is not suitable for everyone; for some people the situation may even worsen. The whole point of the procedure is to brush your teeth with fine kitchen salt. This procedure should be carried out no more than two to three times a week.
Video: treatment and prevention of dental diseases
Traditional methods of treatment
Essential oils are excellent remedy, in order to freshen breath, as well as to strengthen gums and teeth. We need to cook bandage and fir oil. We cut off a little bandage, roll it up in several layers and soak it in fir oil, then apply it to the jaw for ten minutes. The course lasts one and a half weeks. Instead of fir, you can take sea buckthorn or peach oils, which are widely used for various purulent diseases.
Linden also copes well with periodontal disease and gingivitis, treats idiopathic diseases of periodontal tissue and all diseases of the gum mucosa. We make a decoction of linden flowers, oak bark and water in a ratio of 2:1:5. Cook the infusion over low heat for an hour, then remove, put in a dark place and cool. Rinse your mouth with this liquid twice a day every day, especially in the spring, when inflammatory processes worsen.
Instead of linden you can take dry sage, it is also used to treat sore gums. In this case, take part less of the herb than the linden, otherwise the decoction will turn out to be too bitter.
But most effective method based on propolis. This product perfectly whitens teeth, freshens breath and cures osteomyelitis. Vodka, which is part of the mixture, quickly disinfects wounds near the teeth or on the tongue. We need to prepare:
- three tablespoons of propolis;
- a glass of vodka;
- five spoons of St. John's wort;
- dark dishes.
We chop the propolis very finely and mix it with vodka, hide the mixture in a dark place for two days, shaking the bottle periodically. You can use it when propolis dissolves in vodka. Now it’s time for St. John’s wort - pour it into a container and seal the bottle again for two weeks. After this time, we take out and filter our infusion. Use twenty drops per glass of water. Rinse your mouth with the mixture four times a day for a month.
Photo: healthy teeth How to treat gum suppuration? You can quickly eliminate inflammatory processes using ordinary honey, but be sure to use exclusively natural, dark ones. You need to take one spoon of honey and chew it for 10-20 minutes.
A little magic recipe will cure polycystic disease: we need to pick 90 aspen branches at dawn in early spring. Boil them in seven glasses of water, cook until the liquid reduces to 600 ml, then remove from heat. Throw as much honey as you like into the hot broth. Stir and cool. If you believe the stories, this folk remedy will easily cure gum inflammation, pustules and abscesses.
Diseases in expectant mothers
During pregnancy and breastfeeding, dental problems come to the fore. Many girls are so afraid of the possibility of teeth falling out that they do not breastfeed their baby at all. This is all nonsense, because it’s simply necessary proper care for teeth.
- Be sure to take the appropriate vitamins for breastfeeding or pregnant women.
- If gingivitis has already begun, you just need to rinse your mouth several times a day. oak bark. In general, this plant is a universal remedy that will help cure inflammation and ulcers in the mouth and stop bleeding.
- Rinse your mouth with the solution every morning sea salt. For a glass of water you need to take 1 tablespoon.
- Watch your diet strictly. Do not eat foods that are prohibited for pregnant women.
- If you have loose teeth, try not to eat hard foods: apples, nuts, don’t eat too hot or cold, and naturally, sweets.
For gingivitis, buy horseradish root and grate it or grind it in a blender. Wipe your teeth with the resulting mass, this will saturate them with vitamins. You can also rinse your mouth with the juice of this plant. Take one spoonful of juice per glass of water. Rinse after eating.
Helps well cure periodontitis and gumboil, chaga decoction. To cure these diseases, we need to mix chamomile and chaga in equal proportions, pour boiling water over it and leave to infuse. You can't boil it. We wait 4 hours, then remove the lid and strain the liquid. It helps well with abscesses, suppuration during teething, and bleeding gums.
Treatment for bleeding gums during pregnancy is also carried out as usual. plantain. You need to pick the leaves, wash them and just chew them. The bleeding will stop immediately, and if you do this regularly, you can forget about loose teeth and bad breath.
If your gums get sore during pregnancy, a strong infusion of black tea with the addition of 2-3 cloves of garlic helps. The garlic must be squeezed out. We are waiting until it gets warm. Next, you need to rinse until it improves.
Pediatric dental diseases
When treating children, there is no need to skimp, especially on purchased medications. A fairly common occurrence in children is stomatitis, which can be treated quite quickly with a simple blue, diluted in water. Also, the treatment method for very young children who are just teething is to wipe the damaged areas soda solution.
Used frequently baby soap from various suppurations or wounds. It dries out the skin and eliminates obvious signs inflammation. Soap can also cure gumboil and remove pus from the gums.
Causes of gum disease in children:
- Little children scratch their growing teeth with their fingers and various improvised objects, introducing microbes into the wounds in their mouths.
- Oral burn.
- Many childhood diseases are caused by the fact that the nutritional method and diet of mother and child are not established. In this case, you need to cleanse your intestines and start eating right.
First aid kit to the rescue
Used to treat gum disease great amount various medications, both homeopathic form and chemical origin. Let's consider what antibiotics are used for gum disease, and also give their names.
Antibiotics, used for gum disease are as effective as medications plant origin, but differ significantly in price. To cure oral diseases in adults and children, you can buy the following drugs:
- Holisap (Holisal) is special gel during teething in children.
- Metronidazole – cures fungal diseases teeth and gums: candida, stomatitis, as well as various infections.
- Lincomycin is a good antiseptic medicine, prescribed if not only the gums, but also the tonsils begin to bother you.
- Gendevit - used in the prevention of oral diseases, the price depends on the size of the package.
But, in any case, remember that before using them you should definitely consult your doctor first!
– a group of diseases characterized by damage to gum tissue. Patients complain of hyperemia, swelling of the gums, and bleeding during brushing. With hypertrophic gingivitis, hyperplasia of the gingival margin occurs. In the case of ulcerative-necrotic gum diseases, lesions covered with a gray-green coating are identified. Interproximal papillae gape. Diagnosis of gum disease comes down to collecting complaints, compiling a history of the disease, and conducting clinical and x-ray examinations. Treatment includes sanitation of the oral cavity, elimination of local irritating factors, increasing local and general resistance of the body.
General information
Gum disease is an inflammation of the gingival margin of infectious (bacterial, viral, candidal) or traumatic origin, occurring without violating the integrity of the dental epithelial attachment. A pronounced increase in the prevalence of gum disease occurs during puberty, which is associated with changes in hormonal levels in teenagers. Studies have shown that after 60 years, the diagnosis rate of gingivitis reaches 100%. Gum diseases are more common among males, which is explained by an unsatisfactory level of hygiene, the presence bad habits. In prognostic terms, if started in a timely manner complex treatment Gum diseases can completely stop inflammation and prevent the involvement of periodontal tissue in the pathological process.
Causes of gum disease
The main local causes of gum disease are hard and soft dental plaque. Due to the toxic effect on the gum tissue of the waste products of microorganisms that make up the dental plaque, it develops catarrhal form gingivitis. There are also gum diseases of viral, mycotic, bacterial (fusospirochetous) origin. Mechanical, thermal and chemical irritants can provoke the development of inflammation with a predominance of the exudative component. Productive hyperplastic processes occur with progesterone-dependent gingivitis. This form of gum disease occurs mainly during puberty, during pregnancy, and also when taking hormonal medications.
In case of mycotic diseases of the gums, a whitish coating is found on the mucous membrane, which is easily removed with a spatula or cotton ball, but appears again within a short period of time. Patients are concerned about itching, burning, dry mucous membranes. When mechanical damage occurs, an erosive area forms on the gum. When exposed to a thermal factor, desquamation of the surface epithelium occurs. It is also possible for the gum tissue to be rejected with the formation of an ulcerative surface. Gum diseases that develop as a result of contact of the mucous membrane with alkali occur with the formation of a zone of liquefaction necrosis. The affected area spreads both in depth and in width. Coagulative (dry) necrosis is observed when exposed to acids.
Diagnosis of gum diseases
Diagnosis of gum disease comes down to collecting complaints, taking an anamnesis, conducting a clinical examination and additional methods research. During a physical examination, gum disease reveals swelling and hyperemia of the gingival margin. With hypertrophic gingivitis, the dentist detects thickening and growth of the gums. In case of ulcerative-necrotic gum diseases, gray-green layers are identified that cover the marginal part of the gums. When plaque is removed, a painful, bleeding, erosive surface is exposed.
In most cases, the Fedorov-Volodkina hygiene index in patients with gum disease is unsatisfactory. Upon examination, multiple supra- and subgingival deposits and carious defects are noted. The Schiller-Pisarev test for gum disease is positive. The staining of the gum tissue in a yellow-brown color after the application of iodine-containing preparations confirms the development of the inflammatory process. By using PMA index determine the level of damage. With inflammation of the interproximal papillae, the value of the indicator is 25%, with involvement of the marginal edge of the PMA in the pathological process - 50%. In the case of gum diseases accompanied by damage to the alveolar part, the value exceeds 50%. For diagnostics herpetic infection a virological test, immunochemical and cytological tests are indicated.
The mycotic etiology of gum diseases is determined by bacterioscopy. The detection of budding cells and filaments of pseudomycelium in the smear confirms the development of candidal gingivitis. Unlike periodontitis, gingivitis has destructive changes bone tissue absent on the radiograph. Gum diseases are differentiated from inflammatory and dystrophic periodontal diseases. The patient is examined by a dentist. If the development of symptomatic (secondary) gingivitis is suspected, consultations with a general practitioner, hematologist, endocrinologist, or gastroenterologist are indicated.
Treatment of gum diseases
Treatment of gum diseases is aimed at eliminating microbial contamination and accelerating regeneration processes. For this purpose, oral cavity sanitation is carried out - professional hygiene procedures, treatment of caries and its complications. In case of irrational prosthetics, repeated orthopedic treatment is indicated. Mouth rinses are prescribed locally for gum diseases. antiseptic solutions based on chlorhexidine bigluconate. Decoctions have good anti-inflammatory activity medicinal herbs. Treatment of ulcerative-necrotic gum diseases consists of the following stages: pain relief, antiseptic treatment, removal of necrotic tissue, stimulation of epithelization processes.
For gum diseases accompanied by hyperplasia, gingivectomy is performed. Etiotropic therapy for herpetic lesions includes the use of antiviral drugs, exhibiting activity against intracellular viruses. General treatment includes immunomodulators, desensitizing agents, multivitamin complexes. For gum diseases of mycotic nature, it is prescribed antifungal drugs. For gingivitis of traumatic origin, rinsing the mouth with antiseptic solutions, as well as the use of keratoplasty in the form of applications, are recommended. The prognosis for gum disease is favorable. At early detection and complex treatment manages to stop inflammation and prevent the involvement of periodontal tissues in the pathological process.
Gum diseases: photos, treatment, symptoms
Gum problems are the second most common problem after oral diseases. The urgency of the problem lies in the fact that gum disease is directly related to the health and preservation of teeth. Many diseases lead to significant destructive changes in the periodontium. Such changes look extremely unsightly, emit an unpleasant odor, and contribute to the loosening and loss of teeth. But some diseases do not cause jaw bone destruction. When they occur, only soft tissues are affected.
Gingivitis is a mild form of periodontal disease.
Indeed, after eliminating the cause, the inflammatory process quickly declines. But this is only if this cause can be eliminated.
Gum disease: bleeding gums with catarrhal lesions
Gingivitis is a gum disease accompanied by a pronounced inflammatory process (), without compromising the integrity of the periodontal attachment. The formation of the disease often occurs against the background of other pathological conditions of the body, but it can also have an independent course. Gingivitis often occurs in children, pregnant women, and the elderly, especially those suffering from metabolic disorders. If the disease occurs against the background of hormonal changes, the clinical picture may be brighter and the course of gingivitis will be more severe.
Not treating gingivitis slowly but surely leads to periodontitis.
Treatment of gum disease in this case should be based on clinical manifestations, the identified cause and the characteristics of the patient’s condition.
Causes and main symptoms of gingivitis
Multiple causes of gingivitis are endogenous and exogenous.
Endogenous factors
They are associated with any internal problems with the body. First of all, this is a decrease in immunological status. As is known, many diseases develop against this background, and gingivitis is no exception.
When the body's resistance drops, the oral microflora begins to increase rapidly. As a result, not only the gums are damaged, but the entire oral mucosa. A decrease in immunity is associated with a lack of vitamins and minerals, as well as with somatic diseases occurring in organs and systems. A special role is played by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, rheumatism, diabetes, nephropathy and tuberculosis.
Exogenous factors
Redness of the gums in adults and children most often indicates the onset of an inflammatory process. Conventionally, we can distinguish 4 external reasons inflammation:
- Physical impact: this various injuries or burns;
- Chemical exposure: the effect of aggressive chemical components on the mucous membrane;
- Biological effects: influence of microflora or infection;
- Iatrogenic effects: problems associated with medical intervention for another reason.
Hypertrophic gingivitis
The course of gingivitis can be acute or chronic. According to the form, they are divided into catarrhal, ulcerative, hypertrophic and atrophic.
- Catarrhal course is expressed in redness of the gums, bleeding and slight swelling.
- In an ulcerative course, the main morphological element is small ulcers, with necrotic decay in the middle. Ulcers on the gums are multiple and scattered over the surface.
- The hypertrophic form is characterized by a significant increase in the gingival papillae. They grow to such a size that they can cover the entire crown of the tooth.
- With atrophic gingivitis, the gums decrease in volume. Soft fabrics as if they are melting, and the neck of the tooth is exposed, and then the root.
The symptoms of gum disease are very similar. But when various forms There are certain symptoms that make it possible to carry out differential diagnosis.
Key points in the treatment of gingivitis
Therapeutic measures are directly related to the cause of inflammation. If it is not eliminated, then all therapeutic efforts will be in vain.
With catarrhal gingivitis, the cause is often dental deposits in the form of stones. They are the first to be removed.
Bleeding gums are reduced with the help of hemostatic agents and anti-inflammatory therapy is prescribed.
Ulcers are treated with enzymes to remove necrosis and drugs are used to promote their healing. Sometimes the use of special drugs such as immunomodulators and antibiotics is required. During treatment hypertrophic gingivitis, physiotherapy and surgical intervention are often used.
Decoctions of medicinal herbs (and other herbs) are often used for rinsing. They perfectly disinfect wounds and promote better recovery fabrics.
Periodontitis is an inflammatory periodontal disease
With this disease, all tissues surrounding the tooth are affected. The pathological process involves the gums, alveolar bone and periodontium. Periodontitis is always preceded by gingivitis, i.e. Periodontitis is a more severe disease, accompanied by a violation of the periodontal attachment of tissues.
Severity and clinical manifestations of periodontitis
1. Light form
It is characterized by the formation of a bone pocket, the depth up to 3.5mm. Special tools are used to determine the depth. When brushing your teeth, bleeding gums, soreness, and hyperemia at the edge of the gums are observed.
The main diagnosis is the results of an x-ray examination. The image shows a slight loss of bone in the interdental septa.
Mild form of periodontitis
2. Medium severity
The depth of periodontal pockets increases up to 5mm. The teeth begin to loosen and shift. Bleeding is more pronounced and increasingly spontaneous. Difficulty in eating and brushing your teeth.
3. Severe form
Pockets are formed by depth more than 5mm. There is an unpleasant odor from the mouth, the teeth have significant mobility and minor injury capable of falling out. Inflammation of the gum pocket and bleeding are pronounced.
Effective treatment of periodontitis
Treatment for this disease is always complex. It includes the use of therapeutic agents, surgery, the use of orthopedic structures and physiotherapeutic procedures.
First of all, etiological factors, features of the development and course of the disease are identified. An important point is differential diagnosis. For example, a fistula on the gum can form not only due to periodontitis. This symptom is most characteristic of periostitis or.
The main measures are aimed at removing pathologically altered tissues, dental calculus, granulations by curettage of periodontal pockets. Enhanced antiseptic and antibacterial therapy, enzymes and immunomodulators, both locally and internally.
To preserve the teeth in the arch, they are splinted. These are special restraint devices used in orthopedic practice. They have some differences. They produce burl, oral, multi-link, and vestibulo-oral splints.
If there are foci of abscess formation, gingivectomy or gingivotomy is performed. That is, the formed purulent focus on the gum is opened or excised completely. All physiotherapy procedures perfectly relieve swelling, help promote rapid healing and additional inflammatory lesions.
Periodontal disease as a dystrophic periodontal lesion
Strong retention of teeth in the alveolar process is ensured by periodontal tissue and jaw bone. Under certain conditions, bone tissue begins to shrink. In this case, there are no signs of inflammation. Pathological process for a long time develops unnoticed by the patient. Only when the necks and roots of the teeth are exposed does sensitivity to thermal and chemical irritants appear.
There are no periodontal pockets with periodontal disease, there is no bleeding gums, hyperemia and swelling. Often the patient notes that the teeth seem to have grown a little.
Periodontal disease of 2nd severity in the frontal area of the lower jaw
Common causes of periodontal disease
Main etiological factor is a violation of blood circulation and nutrition of periodontal tissues useful substances. This is facilitated by:
- Hormonal changes in the body;
- Severe diseases of internal organs and body systems;
- Taking medications that reduce salivation;
- Bad habits (especially smoking);
- Hereditary factors;
- Hypovitaminosis of varying degrees.
Local causes of periodontal disease
Local factors for the development of atrophic conditions in the alveolar process include:
- Short frenulum of the upper, lower lip and tongue;
- Underdevelopment of the vestibule of the oral cavity;
- Various malocclusions.
The most important local factor is tartar. It accumulates in large quantities on the surface of the teeth and has significant pressure on periodontium.
The main signs of periodontal disease
Only a dentist can accurately determine the manifestations of the disease. Many people pay attention to white gums due to periodontal disease. Their pallor is associated with a sharp circulatory disorder.
The severity of the disease is determined by the degree of exposure of the roots of the teeth and their loosening. Bleeding and signs of inflammation are extremely rare. They talk about the duration of the disease and the absence necessary treatment. Non-carious lesions in the form of a wedge-shaped defect are often observed on the enamel.
Treatment of periodontal disease
At the very beginning X-ray examination and the degree of damage is determined. Then they begin to eliminate the root cause. More often it is tartar. It is removed using ultrasound or laser.
Physiotherapeutic methods play an important role in the fight against periodontal disease. They are aimed at stimulating metabolic processes in the periodontium and improving blood circulation.
Temporary splinting of teeth with periodontal disease to prevent tooth loss
Vitamin and mineral complexes are often prescribed internally. They help strengthen the immune system and resist not only periodontal disease, but also other common diseases.
Every third person on the planet has problems with gums. Some people simply bleed periodically when brushing their teeth, while others seriously suffer from inflamed gums and aching unbearable pain. It doesn’t matter at what stage you have gum inflammation, if you don’t give it proper attention in time, the situation can worsen to such an extent that it will lead to premature tooth loss.
Therefore, if you periodically bleed when brushing your teeth, have bad breath, you feel pain, burning or discomfort from touching your gums, your gums become inflamed, become purple in color and become looser - these are sure signs of immediately contacting a dentist.
The most common cause of gum inflammation is poor oral hygiene. If you ignore daily brushing of your teeth, plaque forms on the enamel, where bacteria actively multiply and already on the third day tartar appears, which cannot be removed with a regular toothbrush.
Sometimes inflammation can occur due to malocclusion, poor dental fillings, health problems, especially metabolic disorders in the body.
There are three most common gum diseases:
- periodontitis;
- gingivitis;
- periodontal disease.
In addition to the action of bacteria, gum inflammation can occur due to:
- hereditary predisposition;
- diabetes mellitus;
- hormonal imbalances;
- smoking and alcohol abuse;
- deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- problems with the cardiovascular system;
- installation of low-quality fillings and crowns;
- the presence of infections in the body;
- use of certain medications.
Pregnant women and girls taking contraceptives, and gums can also become inflamed due to the menstrual cycle.
The power of traditional medicine
You can treat gum inflammation not only in a dental clinic, but also at home. Especially if you encounter a similar problem quite often. There are many healing decoctions, tinctures and masks, the use of which can remove bad breath, bleeding gums, pain and inflammation.
1. Prepare the tinctures.
- Alder. You need to take a handful of dry alder cones, grind them in a blender and pour a glass of boiling water. Leave in a warm place for an hour, strain and use the infusion to rinse your mouth throughout the day.
- Mumiyo. 3 g mummy (you can buy it in) dissolve in 100 ml boiled water. Rinse your mouth with the infusion in the morning and at night for 3 weeks.
- Golden mustache + sea salt. If you already have ulcers in your mouth, you can use an infusion of golden mustache and salt. To prepare the tincture, you need to take a leaf of the plant, grind it and pour boiling water over a small coffee cup. Add sea salt (1/2 teaspoon). Close tightly with a lid and leave for several hours. Strain and rinse your mouth 2 times a day.
- Propolis. Take 20 drops of propolis tincture in alcohol and dissolve in a glass of warm water. Rinsing should be done 3-4 times a day. It is also advisable to apply a gauze strip soaked in propolis to the gums.
- Garlic. This is the best natural antibiotic. To prepare the tincture, take garlic and water in a ratio of 1:3. Leave for 30 minutes. The procedure should be carried out at least 3 times a day.
- Sea salt. A tablespoon of salt should be dissolved in a glass of water, and rinse your mouth after each meal. Sea salt relieves inflammation, strengthens gums and reduces bleeding.
- Kefir. Used to treat loose gums. Kefir must be old, at least 10 days old. Kefir is diluted with water in the proportion of 1 cup of kefir + 0.5 cups of water. Rinse as often as possible.
2. We make “masks”.
- Beet. To prepare the mask, you need to take fresh burgundy beets, grate them on a fine grater, add a spoonful of oil (sunflower or olive) and apply to previously brushed teeth 3-4 times a day for 20 minutes. After using the mask, it is advisable to rinse the oral cavity with an infusion of oak bark or a decoction of chamomile.
- Sea salt + banana skins + olive oil. Prepare the paste: combine 3 tablespoons of salt with 2 tablespoons of dry banana skins and 2 tablespoons olive oil. Rub into gums morning and evening.
- Herbs + tooth powder. An interesting recipe that involves preparing a mixture of herbal powder and toothpaste. To do this, you need to take dried bergenia and galangal roots and 5-6 pieces of spice cloves. Grind the herbs in a coffee grinder and combine the resulting mixture with regular tooth powder. The result will be a gray-pink powder.
- The mask is used in this way: in the morning and evening, apply the powder to a moistened brush and carefully distribute it onto the teeth and gums. Leave for 2-3 minutes, after which you need to thoroughly brush your teeth with the same product and rinse your mouth with chamomile decoction. The course of treatment is 10 days. Further, the mask can be used for preventive purposes 1-2 times a week.
- Tar. Birch tar is sold in a pharmacy. This is an excellent remedy for eliminating inflammatory processes. A small amount of tar is distributed onto the surface of the teeth and gums using a toothbrush or natural brush. The mask is done overnight.
- Potato. Raw potatoes must be thoroughly washed, doused with boiling water and grated on a fine grater with the skin on. The pulp should be applied to the gums 3 times a day. Leave for 15 minutes.
- Healing gum. To eliminate gum inflammation, you can prepare special medicated chewing gum. To do this you need to take 75 g of beeswax, 5 drops essential oil mint, 1 tbsp. l. honey, 2-3 drops of lemon juice. All ingredients must be fresh.
- The wax is heated in a water bath, after which honey, lemon juice, and mint are added to it. After cooling, “chewing gum” of any shape is formed from the resulting mass. They can be chewed throughout the day not only for treatment, but also for prevention. This drug is also effective for sore throat and cough.
3. Rinse.
If you have a problem with periodic inflamed gums or bad breath, you need to systematically rinse your mouth with all kinds of tinctures of medicinal herbs. Suitable for these purposes: chamomile, oak bark, buckthorn, rowan leaves, St. John's wort, calendula, aloe, ginger, sage, calamus root.
4. Essential oils.
Very effective for eliminating bad breath and treating inflammation. They relieve pain and serve as an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent. The most popular:
- oil tea tree: 2-3 drops per glass of water, rinse your mouth after eating;
- black cumin oil: 1-2 drops rubbed into the inflamed gum;
- sea buckthorn oil: can be applied to the gum soaked in sea buckthorn oil a gauze strip or hold a tablespoon of oil in your mouth for a couple of minutes.
It should be taken into account that folk remedies will be effective only if used systematically.
The most vulnerable part of the oral cavity is the gums. Bad breath, changed color and structure of the mucous membrane, bleeding - all these are signs of their unfavorable condition. Both older and younger people can experience gum pain. The disease usually begins with light form inflammation, which is without timely treatment may lead to more serious consequences. That is why it is necessary to know the symptoms of gum disease in order to consult a doctor in time and begin treatment.
Causes of gum disease
Overwhelmingly The causes of gum disease are:
- improper and irregular oral hygiene;
- stressful situations;
- hormonal changes;
- genetic predisposition;
- age-related changes in the body;
- fungal diseases and viral infections;
- stressful situations;
- taking certain medications;
- pregnancy;
- diabetes.
Diseases can also be caused by bacteria that accumulate in the form of stone on the lower part of the teeth. Regular visit dentist and professional cleaning enamel will help get rid of stones, and, therefore, bacteria.
Main symptoms
Problems with gums have more than half of the adult population. The main symptom of the pathology is pain syndrome. However, at the initial stage of gingivitis, discomfort and pain are practically not felt. Therefore, you should focus not only on the presence of pain, but also on other symptoms:
- bad breath;
- increased sensitivity of teeth;
- red, swollen gums and bleeding.
With regular oral examinations and visits to the dental clinic pathology can be detected by early stage and begin timely treatment.
Gingivitis
Translated from Latin, gingivitis is inflammation of the gums. This disease does not affect deep-lying tissues. Only the area adjacent to the tooth, that is, the marginal gum, is affected.
According to the type of inflammation they distinguish the following types of gingivitis:
The disease can occur in acute and chronic form. Depending on the extent of its spread, gingivitis can affect a localized area of one to three teeth or the entire gum.
The main cause of the pathology is poor oral hygiene, in which soft plaque accumulates on the enamel. They reproduce in it causing inflammation bacteria.
Other causes of gingivitis may include:
- food constantly getting stuck between teeth;
- traumatization by hard foods or a toothbrush;
- a recently placed filling or crown;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- cardiovascular diseases;
- blood diseases;
- lack of vitamins E, C, B1, A in the body;
- hormonal disorders in pregnant women and adolescents;
- chronic poisoning with bromine, iodine, mercury, aluminum, bismuth, lead;
- decreased immunity.
Symptoms of the disease
The main symptom is redness and swelling of the gum area. It may be painful and bleed when you eat or brush your teeth. There may be cyanosis, an unpleasant odor, and changes in shape due to swelling.
Treatment of gingivitis
On initial stages diseases, you can use folk remedies in the form of rinsing your mouth with anti-inflammatory herbs and antiseptics of plant origin. Such procedures will help relieve some symptoms, but will not deal with the cause of the disease.
Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor, who must first determine the cause of gingivitis. Treatment of pathology is carried out using the following actions:
- Removing accumulated deposits from under the gums and from tooth enamel.
- Treatment of the oral cavity with special preparations - antiseptics.
- Prescribing applications or rinsing with antiseptic drugs at home.
- Anti-inflammatory therapy in the form of applying gels to painful areas.
Such measures are often sufficient to treat gingivitis. In the absence of traumatic factors, compliance with all doctor’s recommendations and normal oral hygiene the disease passes quickly, and the gums are restored. In advanced cases, the dentist may prescribe vacuum massage, ultraviolet therapy, and electrophoresis.
Periodontitis
Periodontitis is a disease in which inflammation occurs not only of the periodontal tissues, but also of the ligamentous apparatus. In advanced cases, inflammation affects bone tissue. Periodontitis is a consequence of untreated gingivitis.
A distinctive sign of the disease is the formation of hard tartar, which can secrete pus. Other symptoms of inflammation include:
- unpleasant odor from the mouth;
- holes between teeth and gums;
- severe pain;
- loosening, and subsequently displacement of teeth;
- bleeding gums;
- exposed dental necks;
- on late stages– pain when biting on mobile teeth.
If an infection gets into an inflamed tooth pocket, gumboil may develop.
In addition to dental plaque and gingivitis, they lead to the development of periodontitis some common diseases:
- severe forms chronic pathologies internal organs;
- blood diseases;
- immunodeficiencies;
- diabetes.
Inflammation can develop due to abnormal position or crowding of teeth, traumatic bite, hypertonicity chewing muscles, high attachment of frenulum.
Degrees of periodontitis
According to the severity of inflammation divided into three forms:
Treatment
For any form of severity, treatment of periodontitis must be comprehensive. It is much more difficult to treat than gingivitis, and can only be cured in the initial stages. Once the bone has already partially dissolved, it is almost impossible to return it. Even bone tissue transplantation does not provide stable results.
Stages of periodontitis treatment:
- Tartar removal. The procedure must be carried out at least once every six months. In some cases, cleaning is recommended every two to three months. This frequency of the procedure is explained by the fact that the stone grows quickly, and it is impossible to clean it out of deep tooth pockets with a simple brush. As a result, pathogenic microbes develop in it.
- Oral hygiene. Since the main cause of the disease is microorganisms, this stage in treatment is very important. At home, after each meal, you should thoroughly brush your teeth and rinse your mouth. Toothpastes and rinses are selected individually. You should definitely use dental floss, and if there are large gaps between the teeth and exposed roots, use brushes. It is recommended to use a device for rinsing pockets with water, called an irrigator.
- Antiseptic treatment. The optimal procedure is selected individually. In the initial stages, you can get by with rinses and ointments at home, and electrophoresis with the application of bandages with antiseptics. Currently, there are drugs that have a long-term antiseptic effect on the dental pocket. They are gelatin scales, which, when placed in the periodontal pocket, swell and prevent microbes from entering it. At the same time, the antiseptic begins to be released. The effect of this drug is up to three weeks. However, it is quite expensive.
- Anti-inflammatory therapy. It is also prescribed individually, and depends on the form of severity. Some patients are prescribed ointment on the gums, others are prescribed physiotherapy or bandages.
- Alleviation of the exacerbation stage. In this case, antibiotics, vitamins, immunostimulants, and antihistamines are prescribed.
As the disease progresses, it may be necessary ultrasonic cleaning and surgical intervention in the form of curettage. During such an operation, an incision is made on the gum and, with special instruments, the bones and the surface of the roots of the teeth are cleaned of stone and damaged areas. If necessary, artificial bone is added.
Periodontal disease
Inflammatory disease periodontal disease is not. This is a rare pathology in which the patient’s periodontal tissue is affected. For periodontal disease of the gums do not redden, swell or bleed. Dental pockets also does not occur. A person feels awkward and unpleasant while brushing his teeth, eating, and when cold or hot comes into contact with his teeth.
With periodontal disease, bone tissue is destroyed, which leads first to loosening and then to tooth loss.
The causes of the disease are still not fully understood. The occurrence of dystrophic disease is associated with the following factors:
- old age;
- lack of certain vitamins in the body;
- abnormal position of teeth;
- bad habits (alcoholism, smoking);
- heredity;
- hormonal imbalances;
- sclerosis of blood vessels, in which their lumen decreases and the gums receive less nutrition;
- chronic diseases of internal organs;
- hormonal disorders.
Treatment of periodontal disease
Developing disease should be treated comprehensively. The doctor identifies the cause of its occurrence and appoints individual treatment
.
First of all, professional treatment of the oral cavity is carried out, incorrectly positioned teeth are aligned, and malocclusion is eliminated.
Physiotherapy is prescribed to improve blood circulation. This could be a massage in the periodontal area using mint or coriander oils, electrophoresis, etc.
At home, various mouth rinses are used to alleviate the condition. It could be immortelle, propolis, calendula. Vitamins and esters, hormonal and antibacterial agents are prescribed.
If your teeth have already begun to fall out, then dentures are inserted or bypass surgery is prescribed. IN difficult cases Bone tissue is built up through surgery.
It is better to prevent any disease than to treat it. Therefore, to avoid problems with your gums, you need to carefully monitor your oral cavity and visit regularly. dental clinic For preventive examinations and cleaning plaque. At the first symptoms of gum inflammation, you should consult a specialist - a dentist or periodontist. The doctor will prescribe individual treatment and monitor its progress.
