Erythromycin gel instructions for use. Special information for healthcare workers

*BRYNTSALOV A PJSC* *TYUMEN HFZ* POLFA SANAVITA ABVA RUS, JSC Akrikhin KhFK JSC Biosintez JSC Biokhimik, JSC BRYNTSALOV BRYNTSALOV-A, JSC IRBITSKY CHIMPHARMZAVOD, JSC Moskhimfarmpreparaty FSUE im. Semashko Nizhpharm JSC NOVOSIBIRSK MEDICAL FACTORY. PR-V POLYPHARM ICN North Star, ZAO Sintez AKO OAO Sintez AKOMPiI, OAO (Sintez OAO) STI-Med-Sorb, OAO Tatkhimfarmpreparaty OAO Tyumen Chemical Physics Plant OAO URALBIOPHARM, OAO FEREIN

Country of origin

Russia

Product group

Sense organs /vision, hearing/

Macrolide antibiotic

Release forms

• 10 - cellular contour packaging (1) - cardboard packs 10 - cellular contour packaging (2) - cardboard packs. 10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (2) - cardboard packs 15 g - aluminum (1) - cardboard packs. Eye ointment, 10 thousand units/g - 10 g per tube Ointment for external use, 10 thousand units/g - 15 g per tube Each tube with instructions for use is placed in a cardboard pack. Tablets 0.25 g - 10 pcs per pack. tube 10 g per pack. pack 20 tablets Bottles with a capacity of 10 ml (10) - cardboard packs. Bottles with a capacity of 10 ml (50) - cardboard packs. Bottles with a volume of 10 ml (10) - cardboard packs. Bottles of 10 ml (50) - cardboard boxes.

Description of the dosage form

• Lyophilisate for preparing a solution for intravenous administration in the form of a porous mass white. Lyophilized powder for the preparation of solution for injection in the form of a porous, hygroscopic, white, odorless mass. The eye ointment is yellowish or brownish-yellow in color. Ointment for external use Ointment from light yellow to brownish-yellow. Tablets, enteric-soluble aqueous coated Tablets, enteric-soluble aqueous coated, white or almost white, round, biconvex; on cross section one layer of white is visible. Enteric-coated tablets

pharmachologic effect

Bacteriostatic antibiotic from the macrolide group. When used externally, it has an antibacterial and anti-acne effect. Reversibly binds to the 50S subunit of ribosomes, which disrupts the formation of peptide bonds between amino acid molecules and blocks the synthesis of microbial proteins (does not affect the synthesis of nucleic acids). When used in high doses, depending on the type of pathogen, it can exhibit a bactericidal effect. The spectrum of action includes gram-positive (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae) and gram-negative (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Legionella 5pp.) microorganisms, as well as Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp. , Treponema spp., Rickettsia spp. Gram-negative bacilli Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Shigella spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Enterobacter spp. are resistant to the drug. and etc.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorbed into the cornea and aqueous humor of the eye. When applied topically, systemic absorption is low. Bioavailability is 30-65%. Distributed in most tissues and body fluids. Plasma protein binding is 70-90%. Metabolized in the liver, partially with the formation of inactive metabolites. The half-life is 1.4-2 hours. It is excreted by the intestines and kidneys.

Special conditions

When preventing ophthalmia of newborns, do not wash erythromycin ophthalmic ointment out of the eye. In children whose mothers have clinically significant gonorrhea, erythromycin as an ophthalmic drug is used simultaneously with an aqueous solution of penicillin G for parenteral use. After opening the tube, use within 1 month. Impact on the ability to drive vehicles. Wed and mech.: During treatment, you should refrain from driving vehicles and servicing machines and mechanisms that require clear vision immediately after use.

Compound

• 1 g erythromycin 10 thousand units 1 tablet. erythromycin 250 mg 1 tab. Erythromycin 250 mg Excipients: potato starch, povidone (low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone), Tween-80 (polysorbate), calcium stearate. Shell composition: collicut (methacrylic acid copolymer type C), medical castor oil, talc, titanium dioxide, polyethylene oxide 4000 (macrogol 4000), silicone emulsion EC 10-16. 1 tab. Erythromycin 250 mg Excipients: potato starch, povidone (low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone), Tween-80 (polysorbate), calcium stearate. Shell composition: collicut (methacrylic acid copolymer type C), medical castor oil, talc, titanium dioxide, polyethylene oxide 4000 (macrogol 4000), silicone emulsion EC 10-16. 1 fl. erythromycin (in the form of phosphate) 100 mg - "- 200 mg Erythromycin 250 mg Excipients: potato starch, povidone (low molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone), Tween-80 (polysorbate), calcium stearate. Shell composition: collicut (methacrylic acid copolymer type C), Medical castor oil, talc, titanium dioxide, polyethylene oxide 4000 (macrogol 4000), silicone emulsion EC 10-16, erythromycin phosphate 100 mg

Erythromycin indications for use

• Treatment severe forms bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora, when taking the drug orally is ineffective or impossible, when it is necessary to quickly create high concentrations of the antibiotic in the blood, incl. at the following diseases: - diphtheria (including diphtheria carriage); - whooping cough (including prevention of the disease in persons at risk of infection); -trachoma; -brucellosis; - Legionnaires' disease; -scarlet fever; -amebic dysentery; -gonorrhea; - conjunctivitis of newborns; -pneumonia in children caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; - genitourinary infections in pregnant women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; - uncomplicated chlamydia in adults (with localization in the lower genitourinary tract and rectum) with intolerance or ineffectiveness of tetracyclines; - primary syphilis (in patients with allergies to penicillins); - infections of the ENT organs (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis); - biliary tract infections (cholecystitis);

Erythromycin contraindications

• -jaundice (history); - liver and/or kidney failure; -simultaneous use of terfenadine or astemizole; -increased sensitivity to the components of the drug.

Erythromycin dosage

• 10,000 units/g 10 thousand units/g 100 mg 10,000 units in 1 g 10,000 units/g 100 mg, 200 mg 100 mg, 250 mg 250 mg

Erythromycin side effects

• From the outside digestive system: nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, cholestatic jaundice, tenesmus, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis; rarely - pseudomembranous enterocolitis, impaired liver function, increased activity of liver transaminases, pancreatitis. Allergic reactions: skin rash, urticaria, eosinophilia; rarely - anaphylactic shock. Effects caused by chemotherapy: oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis. From the senses: reversible ototoxicity - hearing loss and/or tinnitus (when using high doses - more than 4 g / day). From the outside of cardio-vascular system: rarely - tachycardia, prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG, atrial fibrillation and/or flutter (in patients with a prolonged QT interval on the ECG). Local reactions: phlebitis at the site of intravenous administration.

Drug interactions

With the simultaneous use of erythromycin with theophylline, aminophylline, caffeine, an increase in their concentration in the blood plasma is observed and thereby increases the risk of developing toxic effects. Erythromycin increases plasma concentrations of cyclosporine and may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity. Drugs that block tubular secretion prolong T1/2 of erythromycin. Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism). Erythromycin reduces the bactericidal effect of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems). When used simultaneously, erythromycin increases theophylline content. When taken simultaneously with drugs that are metabolized in the liver (carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine), the concentration of these drugs in plasma may increase (it is an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes). IV administration of erythromycin enhances the effect of ethanol (accelerating gastric emptying and reducing the duration of action of alcohol dehydrogenase in the gastric mucosa). Erythromycin reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam and may therefore enhance the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines. When taken simultaneously with terfenadine or astemizole, arrhythmia may develop (ventricular fibrillation and flutter, ventricular tachycardia, up to fatal outcome); with dihydroergotamine or non-hydrogenated ergot alkaloids, vasoconstriction to spasm and dysesthesia is possible. When used simultaneously, it slows down the elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and coumarin anticoagulants. When co-administered with lovastatin, rhabdomyolysis increases. Erythromycin increases the bioavailability of digoxin. Erythromycin reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.

Overdose

There are no data on drug overdose.

Storage conditions

• store in a dry place
• keep away from children
• store in a place protected from light

Information provided

1 bottle of lyophilized powder for the preparation of an injection solution contains erythromycin 100 or 200 mg; There are 10 bottles in a cardboard pack or 50 bottles in a box.

Characteristic

Antibiotic from the macrolide group. A porous, hygroscopic, white, odorless mass.

pharmachologic effect

pharmachologic effect- antibacterial.

Disturbs protein synthesis by microorganisms (does not affect the synthesis of nucleic acids). When used in high doses, it can exhibit a bactericidal effect. The spectrum of action includes gram-positive (Staphylococcus spp., producing or not producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae and gram-negative microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis), Brucella spp., Legionella spp., as well as Mycoplasma spp., Chlamydia spp., Treponema spp. , Rickettsia spp. Gram-negative bacilli are resistant: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Shigella spp., Salmonella spp. and other pathogens from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The sensitive group includes microorganisms whose growth is delayed at an antibiotic concentration of 1 mg/l, moderately sensitive - 4 mg/l, moderately resistant and resistant - 6 mg/l.

Pharmacokinetics

Plasma protein binding - 18%. It is distributed unevenly in the body: it accumulates in large quantities in the liver and kidneys; in bile and urine the concentration is tens of times higher than the concentration in blood plasma. Penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, spleen, lymph nodes, pleural cavity, ascitic and synovial fluid, where the concentration of the antibiotic exceeds its content in plasma. Penetrates breast milk(in the milk of lactating women, the concentration of the antibiotic is 50% of the concentration in the blood plasma). It does not pass through the BBB well; the concentration of the antibiotic in the cerebrospinal fluid is 10% of the concentration in plasma. At inflammatory processes in the membranes of the brain, their permeability to erythromycin increases slightly. Passes through the placental barrier and enters the blood of the fetus, where the content of erythromycin reaches 10% of the concentration in the mother’s blood plasma.

Indications for the drug Erythromycin phosphate

Severe forms of bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora, with low effectiveness or impossibility of oral administration, when it is necessary to quickly create high concentrations of an antibiotic in the blood, incl. for the following diseases: diphtheria (including diphtheria carriage), whooping cough (including prophylaxis in people at risk of infection), trachoma, brucellosis, Legionnaires' disease, scarlet fever, amoebic dysentery, gonorrhea; conjunctivitis of newborns, pneumonia in children and genitourinary infections in pregnant women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis; primary syphilis (in patients with allergies to penicillins), uncomplicated chlamydia in adults (with localization in the lower genitourinary tract and rectum) with intolerance or ineffectiveness of tetracyclines; infections of ENT organs (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis); biliary tract infections (cholecystitis); infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia); skin and soft tissue infections; bacterial infections caused by strains of gram-positive pathogens (including staphylococci) resistant to penicillin (reserve antibiotic).

Prevention infectious complications during therapeutic and diagnostic procedures (including dental surgery, endoscopy) in patients with heart defects.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, jaundice (history), liver and/or renal failure, concomitant use of terfenadine or astemizole.

Side effects

Liver dysfunction; nausea, vomiting, gastralgia, tenesmus, diarrhea, increased activity of liver transaminases; abdominal pain; hearing loss and/or tinnitus (ototoxicity is usually reversible), skin allergic reactions(urticaria, other forms of rash), eosinophilia; tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and/or flutter (in patients with a prolonged QT interval on the ECG), cholestatic jaundice, pseudomembranous enterocolitis (during or after treatment), anaphylactic shock.

Interaction

Drugs that block tubular secretion prolong T1/2 of erythromycin.

Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism).

Reduces the bactericidal effect of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems). Increases theophylline content.

Erythromycin, being an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes, can increase the plasma concentration of drugs metabolized in the liver (carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine).

Increases the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine (especially in patients with concomitant renal failure).

Reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam and therefore may enhance the pharmacological effects of these benzodiazepines. Slows down the elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and coumarin anticoagulants.

When used simultaneously with terfenadine or astemizole, arrhythmia may develop, with dihydroergotamine or non-hydrogenated ergot alkaloids - vasoconstriction (to the point of spasm), dysesthesia.

At joint use rhabdomyolysis increases with lovastatin.

Increases the bioavailability of digoxin.

Reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.

Directions for use and doses

IV, stream (within 3-5 minutes) or drip (at a rate of 60-80 drops/min), adults - single dose - 0.2 g, daily dose - 0.6 g, for severe infection, the dose is increased to 1 year In all children age groups daily dose - 20 mg/kg (in 2-3 doses).

For intravenous jet administration, the drug is dissolved in water for injection or 0.9% sodium chloride solution at the rate of 5 mg per 1 ml of solvent. For intravenous drip administration, dissolve in 0.9% sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution to a concentration of 1 mg/ml. The drug is administered intravenously for 5-6 days (until the therapeutic effect occurs), then they switch to taking erythromycin orally. If well tolerated and there are no symptoms of phlebitis and periphlebitis, the course of intravenous administration is extended to 2 weeks or more.

Overdose

Symptoms: nausea, diarrhea, stomach discomfort; acute pancreatitis V mild form; dizziness (especially in patients with liver or kidney failure).

Treatment: appointment activated carbon, careful monitoring of the state of the respiratory system (if necessary, mechanical ventilation), acid-base balance and electrolyte balance. Gastric lavage is effective when taking a dose five times higher than the average therapeutic dose. Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, forced diuresis are ineffective.

Storage conditions for the drug Erythromycin phosphate

In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature of 15-25 °C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life of Erythromycin phosphate

4 years.

Do not use after the expiration date stated on the package.

Synonyms of nosological groups

Category ICD-10	Synonyms of diseases according to ICD-10
A06.0 Acute amoebic dysentery	Entamoeba histolytica
	Intestinal amebiasis
	Amoebiasis intestinal
	Amebiasis of the liver
	Amoebic dysentery
	Diarrhea or dysentery of amoebic or mixed etiology
	Amebic dysentery
	Intestinal amoebiasis
	Intestinal acute amoebiasis
	Hepatic amoebiasis
A23.9 Brucellosis, unspecified	Acute brucellosis
A37 Whooping cough	Bacterial carriage of whooping cough pathogens
	Whooping cough
A38 Scarlet fever	Pastia symptom
A46 Erysipelas	Erysipelas
A48.1 Legionnaires' disease	Air conditioning fever
	Legionellosis
	Legionnaires' disease
	Primary atypical pneumonia
	Pneumonia Illinois
	Louisiana Pneumonia
	Primary atypical pneumonia
	Pneumonia due to Legionnaires' disease
A49 Bacterial infection of unspecified localization	Bacterial infection
	Bacterial infections
	Bacterial infections
	Infectious diseases
A49.3 Mycoplasma infection, unspecified	Pulmonary infection caused by mycoplasma
	Mycoplasma infection
	Mycoplasma infections
	Mycoplasma meningoencephalitis
	Mycoplasmosis
	Urogenital infection caused by mycoplasma
	Urogenital mycoplasmosis
A51 Early syphilis	Primary syphilis
A54 Gonococcal infection	Gonococcal infections
	Disseminated gonococcal infection
	Disseminated gonorrheal infection
A55 Chlamydial lymphogranuloma (venereal)	Granuloma venereum
	Lymphogranuloma venereum
	Venereal lymphopathy
	Lymphogranulomatosis venereum
	Lymphogranuloma inguinal
	Chlamydial lymphogranuloma
	Nicolas-Favre disease
	Inguinal lymphogranuloma
	Inguinal lymphogranuloma (inguinal ulceration, inguinal lymphogranulomatosis)
	Subacute inguinal purulent microporoadenitis
	Chlamydial lymphogranuloma
	Fourth venereal disease
A56 Other chlamydial sexually transmitted diseases	Chlamydial infections
	Tropical bubo
	Chlamydia
A70 Chlamydia psittaci infection	Bird lovers disease
	Poultry farmers disease
	Psittacosis
	Psittacosis
A71 Trachoma	Granular conjunctivitis
H60 Otitis externa	ENT infections
	Infections of the external auditory canal
	Outer ear infections
	Acute catarrhal inflammation of the external auditory canal
H65 Nonsuppurative otitis media	Inflammation of the middle ear
	Allergic otitis media
H66 Suppurative and unspecified otitis media	Bacterial ear infections
	Inflammation of the middle ear
	ENT infections
	Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs
	Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the ear
	Infectious diseases of the ENT organs with severe pain syndrome
	Ear infection
	Infectious otitis media
	Persistent inflammation of the middle ear in children
	Ear pain due to otitis media
H70 Mastoiditis and related conditions	Mastoiditis
I89.1 Lymphangitis	Lymphagitis
	Lymphangitis
	Acute lymphangitis
J01 Acute sinusitis	Inflammation paranasal sinuses nose
	Inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses
	Purulent-inflammatory processes of the paranasal sinuses
	Infectious and inflammatory disease of ENT organs
	Sinus infection
	Combined sinusitis
	Exacerbation of sinusitis
	Acute inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
	Acute bacterial sinusitis
	Acute sinusitis in adults
	Subacute sinusitis
	Acute sinusitis
	Sinusitis
J02.9 Acute pharyngitis unspecified	Purulent pharyngitis
	Lymphonodular pharyngitis
	Acute nasopharyngitis
J03.9 Acute tonsillitis unspecified (angina agranulocytic)	Angina
	Sore throat, alimentary-hemorrhagic
	Sore throat secondary
	Primary tonsillitis
	Sore throat follicular
	Sore throats
	Bacterial tonsillitis
	Throat infections
	Catarrhal sore throat
	Lacunar tonsillitis
	Acute sore throat
	Acute tonsillitis
	Tonsillitis
	Acute tonsillitis
	Tonsillar tonsillitis
	Follicular tonsillitis
	Follicular tonsillitis
J04 Acute laryngitis and tracheitis	Infectious and inflammatory disease of ENT organs
	Cough in diseases of the upper respiratory tract
	Laryngitis
	Laryngitis acute
	Acute tracheitis
	Pharyngolaryngitis
J04.1 Acute tracheitis	Bacterial tracheitis
	Tracheitis
J13 Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae	Infections of pneumococcal etiology, especially of the respiratory tract
	Pneumococcal pneumonia
	Pneumococcal infections
	Streptococcal pneumonia
J14 Pneumonia caused by Haemophilus influenzae [Afanasyev-Pfeiffer bacillus]	Pneumonia caused by Hemophilus influenzae
J18 Pneumonia without specifying the pathogen	Alveolar pneumonia
	Community-acquired pneumonia atypical
	Community-acquired pneumonia, non-pneumococcal
	Pneumonia
	Inflammatory lung disease
	Lobar pneumonia
	Lower respiratory tract infections
	Lobar pneumonia
	Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia
	Nosocomial pneumonia
	Exacerbation of chronic pneumonia
	Acute community-acquired pneumonia
	Acute pneumonia
	Focal pneumonia
	Pneumonia abscess
	Pneumonia bacterial
	Pneumonia lobar
	Pneumonia focal
	Pneumonia with difficulty in sputum discharge
	Pneumonia in patients with AIDS
	Pneumonia in children
	Septic pneumonia
	Chronic obstructive pneumonia
	Chronic pneumonia
J20 Acute bronchitis	Bronchitis acute
	Viral bronchitis
	Bronchial disease
	Infectious bronchitis
	Acute bronchial disease
J22 Acute respiratory infection lower respiratory tract, unspecified	Bacterial respiratory disease
	Bacterial lower respiratory tract infections
	Bacterial respiratory infections
	Viral respiratory disease
	Viral respiratory tract infections
	Inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract
	Difficulty secreting sputum in acute and chronic diseases respiratory tract
	Respiratory tract infections
	Respiratory and lung infections
	Lower respiratory tract infections
	Lower respiratory tract infections
	Infectious inflammation of the respiratory tract
	Infectious diseases of the respiratory tract
	Infectious lung diseases
	Infectious diseases of the respiratory system
	Respiratory tract infection
	Cough with a cold
	Pulmonary infection
	Acute respiratory tract infection
	Acute respiratory viral infection
	Acute inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract
	Acute respiratory tract disease
	Respiratory infection
	Respiratory viral infections
	Respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children
	Respiratory diseases
	Respiratory infections
J32 Chronic sinusitis	Allergic rhinosinusopathy
	Purulent sinusitis
	Catarrhal inflammation of the nasopharyngeal region
	Catarrhal inflammation of the paranasal sinuses
	Exacerbation of sinusitis
	Chronic sinusitis
J35.0 Chronic tonsillitis	Chronic sore throat
	Inflammatory diseases of the tonsils
	Chronic tonsillitis
	Tonsillar tonsillitis
	Chronic hypertrophic tonsillitis
J36 Peritonsillar abscess	Periopharyngeal abscess
	Peritonsillitis
	Peritonsillar abscess
	Peritonsillar cellulitis and abscess
J40 Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic	Allergic bronchitis
	Asthmatic bronchitis
	Asthmoid bronchitis
	Bacterial bronchitis
	Bronchitis
	Allergic bronchitis
	Asthmatic bronchitis
	Smoker's bronchitis
	Smokers' bronchitis
	Inflammation of the lower respiratory tract
	Bronchial disease
	Qatar smoker
	Smokers cough
	Cough due to inflammatory diseases of the lungs and bronchi
	Disturbance of bronchial secretion
	Bronchial dysfunction
	Acute tracheobronchitis
	Subacute bronchitis
	Rhinotracheobronchitis
	Rhinotracheobronchitis
	Tracheobronchitis
	Chronic lung diseases
J42 Chronic bronchitis, unspecified	Allergic bronchitis
	Asthmoid bronchitis
	Allergic bronchitis
	Asthmatic bronchitis
	Chronic bronchitis
	Inflammatory disease of the respiratory tract
	Bronchial disease
	Qatar smoker
	Cough due to inflammatory diseases of the lungs and bronchi
	Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
	Recurrent bronchitis
	Chronic bronchitis
	Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
	Chronical bronchitis
	Chronic bronchitis of smokers
	Chronic spastic bronchitis
J86 Pyothorax	Purulent pleurisy
	Bacterial lung destruction
	Purulent pleurisy
	Empyema
	Empyema of the lungs
	Empyema of the lung
	Empyema of the pleura
K81 Cholecystitis	Obstructive cholecystitis
	Cholecystitis
	Acute cholecystitis
	Chronic cholecystitis
	Cholecystohepatitis
	Cholecystopathy
	Empyema of the gallbladder
L01 Impetigo	Bullous impetigo
	Vulgar impetigo
	Contagious impetigo
	Common impetigo
	Simple contact dermatitis complicated by impetigo
	Streptococcal impetigo
L02 Skin abscess, boil and carbuncle	Abscess
	Skin abscess
	Carbuncle
	Skin carbuncle
	Furuncle
	Skin boil
	Furuncle of the external auditory canal
	Furuncle of the auricle
	Furunculosis
	Boils
	Chronic recurrent furunculosis
L03 Phlegmon	Felon
	Felon with lymphangitis
	Soft tissue phlegmon
	Cellulitis
L04 Acute lymphadenitis	Acute lymphadenitis
	Generalized lymphadenopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus
L08.1 Erythrasma	Erythrasma
L08.9 Local skin infection and subcutaneous tissue unspecified	Soft tissue abscess
	Bacterial or fungal infection skin
	Bacterial skin infections
	Bacterial soft tissue infections
	Bacterial skin infections
	Bacterial skin lesions
	Viral skin infection
	Viral skin infections
	Fiber inflammation
	Inflammation of the skin at injection sites
	Inflammatory skin diseases
	Pustular skin disease
	Pustular skin diseases
	Purulent-inflammatory disease of the skin and soft tissues
	Purulent-inflammatory skin diseases
	Purulent-inflammatory diseases of the skin and its appendages
	Purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues
	Purulent skin infections
	Purulent soft tissue infections
	Skin infections
	Infections of the skin and skin structures
	Skin infection
	Infectious skin diseases
	Skin infection
	Infection of the skin and its appendages
	Infection of the skin and subcutaneous structures
	Infection of the skin and mucous membranes
	Skin infection
	Skin bacterial infections
	Necrotizing subcutaneous infections
	Uncomplicated skin infections
	Uncomplicated soft tissue infections
	Superficial skin erosion with secondary infection
	Umbilical infection
	Mixed skin infections
	Specific infectious processes in the skin
	Superinfection of the skin
M00-M03 Infectious arthropathy	Infectious arthritis
	Arthritis pyogenic
	Arthritis septic
	Joint infections
M60.0 Infectious myositis	Muscle abscess
	Soft tissue infections
	Infectious myositis
	Pyomyositis
	Specific infectious processes in soft tissues
M65 Synovitis and tenosynovitis	Inflammatory soft tissue disease
	Nonspecific tenosynovitis
	Acute tenosynovitis
	Edema syndrome in muscular-articular diseases
	Tenosynovitis
	Tenosynovitis (tenovaginitis)
	Tenosynovitis
	Tenosynovitis (tenosynovitis)
	Tenosynovitis
M71.0 Abscess of bursa	Soft tissue infections
N61 Inflammatory diseases of the breast	Purulent mastitis
	Mastitis
	Mastitis
	Non-puerperal mastitis
	Postpartum mastitis
N74.3 Gonococcal inflammatory diseases of women pelvic organs(A54.2+)	Gonorrheal diseases
	Gonorrhea
	Gonococcal urethritis
N74.4 Inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs caused by chlamydia (A56.1+)	Chlamydial infections
	Chlamydial salpingitis
	Chlamydia
O23 Urinary tract infections during pregnancy	Infections urinary tract during pregnancy
	Urogenital infection in pregnant women
	Chlamydial infections in pregnant women
O85 Puerperal sepsis	Postpartum infections
	Pelvioperitonitis
	Postpartum anaerobic sepsis
	Puerperal fever
P39.1 Conjunctivitis and dacryocystitis in the newborn	Conjunctivitis in newborns
R09.1 Pleurisy	Calcification of the pleura
	Acute pleurisy
Z01.2 Dental examination	Anesthesia of mucous membranes
	Dental intervention
	Tooth extirpation
Z22.2 Carriage of the causative agent of diphtheria	Bacterial carriage of diphtheria pathogens
	Diphtheria carriage
Z29.8 Other specified preventive measures	Hygiene of intimate areas of the body
	Normalization of metabolic processes in the body
	Regular ear hygiene

Borshchagovsky, Russia
Conditions for dispensing from a pharmacy: Over the counter

Erythromycin ointment has been used in medicine for quite some time. She has established herself as effective remedy, which has an antibacterial effect. The ointment is used for external use for many eye diseases, some pathologies of the nose, as well as skin ailments, purulent wounds and burns. In addition, erythromycin ointment for acne is considered the most effective method, which is suitable for both adults and children. In addition to ointments, erythromycin-based tablets and gel are used to treat infectious pathologies, which also have a beneficial effect on the skin, helping to get rid of acne and acne.

Medicinal properties

Erythromycin ointment, gel and tablets are among the antibiotic agents and are characterized by an increased antibacterial effect, which affects the process of protein synthesis of microorganisms. They act against infections caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, thanks to which they help fight staphylococci, streptococci, chlamydia, etc. The presence of anti-inflammatory properties in the ointment and gel makes it possible to use erythromycin in the treatment of acne and skin rashes. Tablets cope well with bacterial infections caused by the above microorganisms. When using erythromycin, the main component accumulates in the kidneys and liver and is excreted in the bile and kidneys.

Erythromycin ointment

The ointment is prescribed for the following indications:

• Eye diseases: conjunctivitis, including in newborns, bacterial blepharitis, keratitis, stye, chlamydia, etc.
• Purulent and trophic wounds, burns
• Infectious skin diseases.

Average price: 40 rub.

Erythromycin for acne is prescribed as often as in gynecology. Due to its antibacterial effect in gynecology, the ointment is used externally as an additional remedy against inflammatory female diseases, such as vulvitis. Erythromycin ointment has an effective effect on inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

The active component of the ointment is erythromycin 1000 units. Excipients: anhydrous lanolin, sodium disulfide and special petroleum jelly.

The ointment has a yellowish tint and a specific odor. Produced in aluminum tubes of 3, 7, 10 or 15 grams, can also be offered in a 30 g can.

Directions for use and doses

For eye diseases, at the beginning of the treatment course, the ointment is applied to the lower part 3 times a day. Then, as inflammation decreases, they switch to a regimen of 1-2 times a day. The therapeutic course is 2 weeks. The ointment for trachoma is applied to the eyelid 5 times a day, the duration of treatment can be about 3 months.

Skin diseases and purulent wounds are treated with ointment, applying it to the affected part of the body 2 times a day in a thin layer. When treating purulent wounds, the drug draws out suppuration well and promotes their healing. Treatment lasts no more than 14 days.

For burns, the ointment is used externally, 2-3 times a week, for 1-2 months.

Erythromycin ointment for acne is applied to the affected areas 2-3 times a day, the duration of therapy depends on the condition of the skin.

For inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the ointment is applied to the nose 2-3 times a day, the duration of the course is determined by the doctor.

Erythromycin gel

Price: 35 rub.

The gel mainly finds use in treating pimples and blackheads.

The main active ingredient in the gel is erythromycin, with the addition of zinc acetate.

Erythromycin-based gel comes with the addition of additional ingredients. The gel, in addition to erythromycin, contains zinc acetate, which is transparent in appearance. Sold in tubes enclosed in a cardboard box, along with attached instructions.

Directions for use and doses

The gel is mainly used against acne and blackheads, applying a thin layer to the skin 1-2 times a day. The treatment course is from 12 to 16 weeks.

Erythromycin tablets

The use of erythromycin tablets is indicated for: infections of the skin, respiratory and biliary tract, genitourinary infectious diseases.

Price: 50 rub.

The tablets contain erythromycin; povidone, crospovidone, calcium stearate, talc, and potato starch are used as additives.

The tablets are produced in a special coating, round in shape, and white in color. The pharmacy dispenses 10 and 20 tablets in blister packs placed in cardboard packages.

Directions for use and doses

For adults and children over 14 years of age, erythromycin tablets are prescribed 250 mg 4-6 times a day 1 hour before meals. For complicated pathologies, the dosage may be increased. The daily dose should not exceed 4 g. Children under 3 months are prescribed a dose of 20-40 mg/kg, from this age up to 18 years - 30-50 mg/kg. The duration depends on the course of the disease; generally, treatment lasts from 5 to 14 days.

Tablets should not be taken with milk or dairy products!

Contraindications and precautions

It is prohibited to use ointment, gel and tablets for the following indications:

• Severe liver pathologies
• Increased susceptibility to the leading substance
• Serious renal dysfunction.

The ointment and gel should be used with extreme caution during pregnancy and nursing mothers; tablets should not be prescribed during this period. In addition, children infancy Therapy is carried out strictly under the supervision of a doctor.

Before starting treatment with these medications, it is recommended to test for an allergic reaction.

If erythromycin ointment or gel is used against acne, then the use of any other product within an hour is prohibited.

When using medications, it is allowed to drive vehicles and other mechanisms where required. Special attention and concentration.

When using tablets for a long time, you should monitor your blood counts.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

The effects of ointment and gel during pregnancy and lactation have not been fully studied, so experts recommend given time stop using them. The use of tablets is also prohibited for pregnant women.

Cross-drug interactions

The medication cannot be combined with lincomycin and clindamycin.

Erythromycin ointment tends to reduce the effectiveness of penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbopenems.

Parallel external use with abrasive agents dries and irritates the skin.

Side effects

Among adverse reactions Cases of allergies have been reported in the form of redness and itching of the skin. With prolonged use, secondary development of infection is possible. You can learn how to cope with itching in the article: treating itching.

Overdose

Information about exceeding the dose of the drug is not known today.

Conditions and shelf life

The ointment and gel must be stored in a place protected from children for no more than 3 years.

The tablets are stored at room temperature, shelf life is 2 years.

Phloxal

Dr. Gerhard Mann. Germany
Price from 150 to 250 rubles

Floxal is an antimicrobial medication belonging to the group of fluorochlorides. Used externally in the treatment of eye diseases caused by an infectious-inflammatory process. Also, in some cases, for a runny nose, medicine is instilled into the nose. The active ingredient is ofloxacin. Produced in the form eye drops and ointments, in tablet form is not available.

Pros:

• A quick effect is achieved
• Can be used by children
• The eye drops do not sting.

Minuses:

• Fairly high cost
• Short shelf life.

Azithromycin

Vertex, Russia
Price from 40 to 190 rubles

Azithromycin – modern antibiotic, part of the group of macrolites, has a wide range of action. Used for many diseases caused by infection. Most often, Azithromycin is prescribed for infectious pathologies of the respiratory tract, skin ailments, and pathologies. genitourinary system, infections, diseases of the nose and throat. Recommended Azithromycin in the form of tablets and capsules, used for oral administration.

Pros:

• High efficiency
• Affordable price
• Convenient scheme of use.

Minuses:

• Many adverse reactions
• Children under 12 years old are prohibited.

Download instructions for use

In this article you can find instructions for use medicinal product Erythromycin. Reviews of site visitors - consumers of this medicine, as well as the opinions of specialist doctors on the use of Erythromycin in their practice are presented. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: whether the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not stated by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Erythromycin in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of sore throat, acne (pimples) in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Erythromycin- a bacteriostatic antibiotic from the group of macrolides, reversibly binds to the 50S subunit of ribosomes in its donor part, which disrupts the formation of peptide bonds between amino acid molecules and blocks the synthesis of microbial proteins (does not affect the synthesis of nucleic acids). When used in high doses, it can exhibit a bactericidal effect.

The spectrum of action includes gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, as well as other microorganisms: Mycoplasma spp. (including Mycoplasma pneumoniae), Chlamydia spp. (including Chlamydia trachomatis), Treponema spp., Rickettsia spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Listeria monocytogenes.

Gram-negative rods are resistant: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Shigella spp., Salmonella spp. and others. The sensitive group includes microorganisms whose growth is delayed at an antibiotic concentration of less than 0.5 mg/l, moderately sensitive - 1-6 mg/l, moderately resistant and resistant - 6-8 mg/l.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is high. Oral enteric-coated base forms of erythromycin have no effect on food intake.

It is distributed unevenly in the body. It accumulates in large quantities in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. In bile and urine, the concentration is tens of times higher than the concentration in plasma. Penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, lymph nodes, middle ear exudate, prostate secretions, sperm, pleural cavity, ascitic and synovial fluid. The milk of lactating women contains 50% of the plasma concentration. Poorly penetrates the blood-brain barrier, in cerebrospinal fluid(its concentration is 10% of the drug content in plasma). During inflammatory processes in the membranes of the brain, their permeability to erythromycin increases slightly. Penetrates through the placental barrier and enters the blood of the fetus, where its content reaches 5-20% of the content in the mother's plasma.

Excretion with bile - 20-30% unchanged, by the kidneys (unchanged) after oral administration - 2-5%.

Indications

Bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora:

• diphtheria (including bacterial carriage);
• whooping cough (including prevention);
• trachoma;
• brucellosis;
• Legionnaires' disease (legionellosis);
• erythrasma;
• listeriosis;
• scarlet fever;
• amoebic dysentery;
• gonorrhea;
• conjunctivitis of newborns;
• pneumonia in children;
• genitourinary infections in pregnant women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis;
• primary syphilis (in patients allergic to penicillins);
• uncomplicated chlamydia in adults (with localization in the lower genitourinary tract and rectum) with intolerance or ineffectiveness of tetracyclines;
• infections of the ENT organs (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis);
• biliary tract infections (cholecystitis);
• infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia);
• infections of the skin and soft tissues (pustular skin diseases, including juvenile acne, infected wounds, bedsores, II-III degree burns, trophic ulcers);
• infections of the mucous membrane of the eyes;
• prevention of exacerbations of streptococcal infections (tonsillitis, pharyngitis) in patients with rheumatism;
• prevention of infectious complications during medical and diagnostic procedures (including preoperative bowel preparation, dental interventions, endoscopy, in patients with heart defects).

Release forms

Enteric-soluble film-coated tablets 100 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg.

Eye ointment.

Ointment for local and external use (sometimes mistakenly called gel).

Lyophilisate for preparing a solution for intravenous administration(in injection vials).

Instructions for use and dosage

Pills

A single dose for adults and adolescents over 14 years of age is 250-500 mg, daily - 1-2 g. The interval between doses is 6 hours. For severe infections, the daily dose can be increased to 4 g.

Children from 4 months to 18 years, depending on age, body weight and severity of infection - 30-50 mg/kg per day in 2-4 doses; children of the first 3 months. life - 20-40 mg/kg per day. For more severe infections, the dose may be doubled.

For the treatment of diphtheria carriage - 250 mg 2 times a day. Course dose for the treatment of primary syphilis - 30-40 g, duration of treatment - 10-15 days.

For amoebic dysentery, adults - 250 mg 4 times a day, children - 30-50 mg/kg per day; Course duration is 10-14 days.

For legionellosis - 500 mg-1 g 4 times a day for 14 days.

For gonorrhea - 500 mg every 6 hours for 3 days, then 250 mg every 6 hours for 7 days.

For preoperative bowel preparation to prevent infectious complications - orally, 1 g 19 hours, 18 hours and 9 hours before surgery (3 g in total).

For the prevention of streptococcal infections (for tonsillitis, pharyngitis) adults - 20-50 mg/kg per day, children - 20-30 mg/kg per day, course duration - at least 10 days.

For the prevention of septic endocarditis in patients with heart defects - 1 g for adults and 20 mg/kg for children, 1 hour before treatment or diagnostic procedure, then 500 mg for adults and 10 mg/kg for children, repeated after 6 hours.

For whooping cough - 40-50 mg/kg per day for 5-14 days. For pneumonia in children - 50 mg/kg per day in 4 divided doses for at least 3 weeks. For genitourinary infections during pregnancy - 500 mg 4 times a day for at least 7 days or (if this dose is poorly tolerated) - 250 mg 4 times a day for at least 14 days.

In adults, with uncomplicated chlamydia and intolerance to tetracyclines - 500 mg 4 times a day for at least 7 days.

They are set individually depending on the location and severity of the infection and the sensitivity of the pathogen. In adults, a daily dose of 1-4 g is used. Children under 3 months of age - 20-40 mg/kg per day; at the age of 4 months to 18 years - 30-50 mg/kg per day. Frequency of application - 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 5-14 days, after the symptoms disappear, treatment is continued for another 2 days. Take 1 hour before meals or 2-3 hours after meals.

Apply the solution for external use to the affected areas of the skin.

The ointment is applied to the affected area, and in case of eye diseases, it is placed behind the lower eyelid. The dose, frequency and duration of use are determined individually.

Side effect

• allergic skin reactions (urticaria, other forms of rash);
• eosinophilia;
• anaphylactic shock;
• nausea, vomiting;
• gastralgia;
• tenesmus;
• abdominal pain;
• diarrhea;
• dysbacteriosis;
• oral candidiasis;
• pseudomembranous enterocolitis (both during and after treatment);
• hearing loss and/or tinnitus (when using high doses - more than 4 g/day, hearing loss after discontinuation of the drug is usually reversible);
• tachycardia;
• prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG;
• ventricular arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia(pirouette type) in patients with a prolonged QT interval.

Contraindications

• hypersensitivity;
• hearing loss;
• simultaneous use of terfenadine or astemizole;
• lactation period.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Due to the possibility of passage into breast milk, you should avoid breastfeeding while taking erythromycin.

special instructions

During long-term therapy, it is necessary to monitor laboratory parameters of liver function.

Symptoms of cholestatic jaundice may develop several days after the start of therapy, but the risk of development increases after 7-14 days of continuous therapy. The likelihood of developing an ototoxic effect is higher in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as in elderly patients.

Some resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae are sensitive to concomitant administration of erythromycin and sulfonamides.

May interfere with the determination of catecholamines in urine and the activity of hepatic transaminases in the blood (colorimetric determination using definylhydrazine).

Drug interactions

Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism).

Reduces the bactericidal effect of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbopenems).

When taken simultaneously with drugs that are metabolized in the liver (theophylline, carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine), the concentration of these drugs in plasma may increase (it is an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes).

Increases the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine (especially in patients with concomitant renal failure). Reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam, and therefore may enhance the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines.

When taken simultaneously with terfenadine or astemizole - the possibility of developing arrhythmia, with dihydroergotamine or non-hydrogenated ergot alkaloids - vasoconstriction to spasm, dysesthesia.

Slows down the elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and coumarin anticoagulants.

When taken together with lovastatin, rhabdomyolysis increases.

Increases the bioavailability of digoxin.

Reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.

Analogues of the drug Erythromycin

Structural analogues according to active substance:

• Grunamycin syrup;
• Ilozon;
• Erythromycin-AKOS;
• Erythromycin-LecT;
• Erythromycin-Ferein;
• Erythromycin phosphate;
• Erifluid;
• Ermiced.

If there are no analogues of the drug for the active substance, you can follow the links below to the diseases for which the corresponding drug helps and look at the available analogues for the therapeutic effect.

Antibacterial agents

Erythromycin is an antibiotic of the macrolide class, first obtained in 1952. It is available in the form of ointments and tablets. It is sold without a doctor's prescription because the drug is relatively safe. For the same reason, it can even be used for infants. The cream contains the active component erythromycin, as well as auxiliary ingredients in the form of lanolin, petroleum jelly and sulfuric acid solution sodium

1 Properties of the drug

Ointment for external use is effective against staphylococcus, corynebacteria, streptococci, salmonella, listeria, microbacteria, chlamydia, gonococci, gonorrhea and hemophilus influenzae, brucella, legionella. In addition to the antibacterial effect, which consists in blocking the synthesis of proteins of microorganisms, it has an anti-inflammatory effect. Ointment fights infected areas skin from the outside, while the tablets are from the inside. Bacteria can acquire resistance (resistance) to the active ingredient, so you should not use the drug for a long time. If there is no improvement, you need to change the product to another.

Indications for use of the drug are:

• eye lesions of a bacterial and inflammatory nature (conjunctivitis, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, barley (hordeolum), keratitis, ophthalmia, chlamydia, trachoma);
• infectious lesions of the skin (rashes, pimples, acne);
• bedsores;
• infectious diseases (whooping cough, food poisoning salmonella, gonococcal and chlamydial lesions);
• inflammation of the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity;
• purulent infections;
• wounds;
• burns of II and III degrees;
• inflammatory diseases of a gynecological nature (vulvitis).

Hormonal ointments for the treatment of skin diseases

2 Method of administration and dosage

If the ointment is used as a treatment for infectious and inflammatory eye lesions, the product is applied to the lower eyelid. Course - 3 times a day for conjunctivitis, blepharitis, stye. For trachoma eye ointment Apply about 5 times. For this disease, it is allowed to use the drug for up to 3 months; the duration of therapy for other diseases depends on the severity of the disease, but it should not exceed more than 14 days. According to general rule, if there is improvement after 2 weeks, stop applying the ointment, after which, in agreement with the doctor, it is possible to take a course of prophylaxis after some time. In this case, the drug is used once every 2 days for 2 weeks.

If erythromycin ointment is used against acne, the product should be used 1-2 times a day, the course duration is about 12-14 days. It is important to complete the treatment. Apply the ointment to cleansed facial skin, after moisturizing it.

At purulent diseases epidermis and soft tissues, the affected area is treated with a thin layer. The course is 1-2 times a day after removing dead cells and pus. For burns, it is necessary to apply the ointment 2-3 times a day for 7 days. The duration of treatment may depend on the severity of the disease. It should not exceed more than 2 weeks so that bacteria do not develop resistance to the active substance.

If erythromycin ointment is applied to the nose, then in this case it is used 2-3 times a day. According to the instructions for use, the same amount is necessary for the treatment of trophic ulcers.

Some features of the drug:

• if discomfort in the form of itching appears after applying the ointment, you should discontinue treatment with erythromycin, rinse it off with water, and consult a specialist;
• the product must be applied in a thin layer;
• despite the drug being sold without a prescription, it is necessary to consult a doctor before using it to determine the exact dosage and duration of therapy;
• if the ointment does not help and the skin condition does not improve within 3-4 weeks, you need to visit a specialist (sometimes it takes 2-3 months to completely cure acne);
• Do not use the product for too long, as superinfection may form;
• if the ointment is used as a medicine against acne and pimples, it should not be combined with other medications for an hour (the high effectiveness of erythromycin together with zinc ointment in the treatment of rashes has been noted);
• the drug does not affect concentration and driving.

3 Contraindications and side effects. Analogs

Contraindications to the use of the drug are individual intolerance to the components of the drug, period breastfeeding, serious illness internal organs(liver and kidneys).

Side effects include the following:

• itching, redness, peeling in the area where the ointment is applied;
• rashes;
• increased body temperature;
• dizziness.

To use the drug during pregnancy and breastfeeding, you need to consult a specialist. The drug is relatively safe and is used for newborns, but its full effect on the body of the mother and fetus has not been studied. During lactation, during treatment, the possibility of stopping breastfeeding and switching to artificial formula should be allowed.

The ointment is incompatible with chloramphenicol, lincomycin and clindamycin. It should not be used together with cephalosporins, carbopenems and penicillins. When used with abrasive products (scrubs, badyagi), the ointment can irritate and dry out the skin.

There are analogues of the drug:

• erythromycin phosphate;
• Ilozon;
• Ermiced;
• Grunamycin (syrup);
• Erifluid;
• Erythromycin-LecT.

Medicines with different compositions have similar properties:

• Phloxal (drops and ointment);
• Azithromycin (tablets);
• Erythromycin-Ferein (ointment);
• Erythromycin-AKOS (ointment);
• Dalatsin (capsules, solution);
• Clindatop (gel);
• Duak (gel);
• Zenerit (cream);
• Nadoxin (cream);
• Ugricil (gel).

• Composition of erythromycin ointment
• Erythromycin for acne - reviews on the Internet

Erythromycin ointment for external use can effectively fight various infections that appear not only on the skin, but also in the corners of the eyes. In order to understand how to use it correctly and what erythromycin ointment helps with, you need to know exactly the composition, instructions for use and side effects. Let's look at each of these questions.

Composition of erythromycin ointment

As may be clear from the name itself, the main component in the composition is the element erythromycin. In itself, it is an antibiotic that allows you to effectively treat the emerging disease.

Erythromycin skin ointment only partially consists of this active substance.

1 gram of the drug you purchased contains 10,000 units of erythromycin. The remaining portion of the product is filled with an anhydrous lanolin composition; 40% of the composition contains petroleum jelly and a solution of sodium sulfate salts. In color, the eye ointment for acne will be light yellow, and for the skin it will be brownish. yellow.

Erythromycin ointment, the image of which is presented above, belongs to the bacteriostatic type of antibiotics. Moreover, doctors classify it as a macrolide. The action of the drug occurs in 2 stages:

• when entering the human body, the main active element reacts with peptide bonds between complexes of amino acid molecules;
• after 2-3 hours the body stops producing proteins in microorganisms;
• at the last stage, the infection begins to disappear due to the bactericidal effect of the drug.

At the same time, erythromycin eye ointment for acne allows you to get rid of:

• staphylococci,
• streptococci,
• brucella,
• hemophilus influenzae,
• legionella and other infectious types of bacteria.

Attention! With an increase in the daily dose of the drug, side effects may occur in the form of itching and redness of the skin.

Contraindications when using the drug

The main contraindications are related to the patient's individual intolerance or high sensitivity to specific substances in the drug. These include:

1. Presence of itching at the places where the cream was applied.
2. Appearance of redness.
3. Rashes on the body.
4. The temperature is rising.
5. Slight dizziness.

In addition, this drug is not prescribed to people who have liver disease, as well as for treatment during periods of breastfeeding and pregnancy.

Does erythromycin ointment help with acne?

Erythromycin can be produced for the treatment of infections not only in the form of an ointment, but also in gel and tablets. In any composition, these antibiotic agents will have an increased antibacterial effect, allowing them to directly influence the synthesis process in infectious places squirrel. What is the best treatment for erythromycin ointment?

Due to the anti-inflammatory effect of drugs, erythromycin is most often prescribed by doctors to treat skin rashes and acne. At the same time, what erythromycin tablets help best with is bacterial infections inside the body. Gel and ointment fight infected areas of the skin from the outside. Let's look at what erythromycin ointment and tablets are used for in each specific case.

What is erythromycin ointment used for?

Gel solutions are prescribed mainly for the following indications:

• The occurrence of eye diseases, which include conjunctivitis (used even when the disease is detected in newborns), bacterial blepharitis, the appearance of keratitis and barley.
• The patient has purulent and trophic wounds and a large number of burns throughout the body.
• Availability infectious disease skin.
• The appearance of acne all over the face or a separate area of ​​the body.

Erythromycin also helps with diseases in the field of gynecology as one of the additional agents against the development of inflammatory female disease. An example is vulvitis.

In the preparation the main active component is erythromycin with an ID of 1000 units. It is this that gives the product its yellow color and specific smell. It is supplied in special tubes made of aluminum material. The pharmacy sells tubes weighing between 3-15 grams.

Erythromycin ointment - instructions for use, price and doses

• If an eye disease occurs, treatment takes place in 3 stages:

• The beginning of the treatment course will be marked by applying the drug to the lower part of the eyelid for a week 3 times a day.
• After 2 weeks, provided that inflammation in the eye decreases, you can switch to a regimen using 1-2 times a day.
• When curing the disease, it is necessary to undergo a therapeutic course of treatment - the drug must be applied once every 2 days for 2 weeks.

• If you are using erythromycin to fight purulent wounds or any other skin diseases, then the drug should be applied to the affected areas of the body for 14 days, 2 times in a net. The most important thing is to apply the product in a thin layer so that it draws out suppuration and does not create an environment for bacteria to multiply.
• Erythromycin ointment for acne is applied 2-3 times a day. To get a quick effect, apply the drug to the affected area and do not touch for 20-25 minutes. Total duration therapy will depend on current state your skin.

Erythromycin ointment for acne in gel form - how to use and how much to apply

The gel is most often used to treat a patient with a large number of pimples or blackheads. As in the ointment, the main effect of the ingredients is associated with the presence of erythromycin in the composition, but a solution of zinc acetate acts as a cleansing element here in addition.

The gel is sold at the pharmacy in small tubes of 20-30 ml, which are placed in a white box made of paper cardboard, along with the attached instructions.

How to use the gel and in what doses?

Erythromycin gel must be placed on the skin carefully and always very thinly. The procedure should be repeated 1-2 times a day, while the course of treatment is reduced to 12-15 weeks.

Important! Erythromycin for acne can be used in both gel and ointment form. However, the first option is much better, since it contains substances that cleanse the skin. The second option is more suitable for treating burns and eye diseases.

Erythromycin tablets for acne - how are they produced and in what doses should they be used?

Erythromycin tablets should be used not only when acne appears, but also when a respiratory tract infection occurs, as well as a genitourinary infection.

The main chemically active element is erythromycin, here it is combined with the elements of povidone and crospovidone. Additionally, to impart disinfectant properties to the drug, calcium stearate and a solution of talc with potato starch are used.

The tablets are made in round form with a special white shell. A pharmacy can give you sets of 10-20 tablets in a special cell package without a doctor’s prescription.

Instructions for using tablets for acne

The dosage of the drug depends on the age of the patient and the complexity of the disease itself.

• On mild stage for the appearance of acne, adults and children over 14 years of age can take 2 tablets of 125 mg 3-5 times a day.

• If a complicated pathology occurs, the dosage is increased, but you should not take more than 4 g of tablets per day.
• If you are struggling with inflammation in children under 3 months, then doctors here advise drinking a quarter of a tablet 2 times a day.

Important! You should take the tablets exactly one hour before your intended meal.

The length of time you take the medications will depend on the further course of your illness. On average, treatment with erythromycin anti-acne tablets lasts 5 days to 2 weeks.

Attention! The most important thing is not to take the tablets with milk or any other dairy product!

Do not forget that before purchasing ointments or tablets, you must visit a specialist who:

• Compares all possible side effects and risks,
• Select a specific type of drug,
• Determines the duration and correctness of the course of treatment,
• Choose a dosage appropriate to your age and severity of the disease.

Remember that any self-medication is dangerous and will have a bad effect on your health! Be sure to consult with your doctor!

Instructions

Tradename

ERYTHROMYCIN

International nonproprietary name

Erythromycin

Dosage form

Enteric-coated tablets 100 mg, 250 mg

Compound

One tablet contains

active substance - erythromycin - 100 mg, 250 mg,

Excipients: potato starch, povidone, polysorbate 80, calcium stearate, talc,

shell composition: acetylphthalylcellulose, medical castor oil, titanium dioxide

Description

The tablets are round, biconvex, white or almost white coated, one white layer is visible on the cross section

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antibacterial drugs for systemic use. Macrolides

PBX code J01FA01

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is high. Oral enteric-coated base forms of erythromycin have no effect on food intake. The maximum concentration (Cmax) is achieved after oral administration after 2-4 hours. Protein binding is 18%.

Bioavailability - 30-65%. It is distributed unevenly in the body. It accumulates in large quantities in the liver, spleen, and kidneys. In bile and urine, the concentration is tens of times higher than the concentration in plasma. Penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, lymph nodes, middle ear exudate, prostate secretions, sperm, pleural cavity, ascitic and synovial fluid. The milk of lactating women contains 50% of the plasma concentration. It penetrates poorly through the blood-brain barrier into the cerebrospinal fluid (its concentration is 10% of the drug content in plasma). During inflammatory processes in the meninges, their permeability to erythromycin increases slightly.

It penetrates the placental barrier and enters the blood of the fetus, where its content reaches 5-20% of the content in the mother's plasma.

Metabolized in the liver (more than 90%), partially with the formation of inactive metabolites. The half-life (T1/2) is 1.4-2 hours, with anuria - 4-6 hours. Excretion with bile - 20-30% unchanged, by the kidneys (unchanged) after oral administration - 2-5%.

Pharmacodynamics

A bacteriostatic antibiotic from the macrolide group, reversibly binds to the 50S subunit of ribosomes in its donor part, which disrupts the formation of peptide bonds between amino acid molecules and blocks the synthesis of microbial proteins (does not affect the synthesis of nucleic acids). When used in high doses, it can exhibit a bactericidal effect. The spectrum of action includes gram-positive (Staphylococcus spp., producing and non-producing penicillinase, incl. Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes), alpha-hemolytic streptococcus (Viridans group), Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Corynebacterium minutissimum) and gram-negative microorganisms (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Legionella spp ., including Legionella pneumophila) and other microorganisms: Mycoplasma spp. (including Mycoplasma pneumoniae), Chlamydia spp. (including Chlamydia trachomatis), Treponema spp., Rickettsia spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Listeria monocytogenes.

Gram-negative bacilli are resistant: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as Shigella spp., Salmonella spp. and others. The sensitive group includes microorganisms whose growth is delayed at an antibiotic concentration of less than 0.5 mg/l, moderately sensitive - 1-6 mg/l, moderately resistant and resistant - 6-8 mg/l.

Indications for use

Diphtheria (including bacterial carriage), whooping cough (including prevention), trachoma, brucellosis, Legionnaires' disease, erythrasma, listeriosis, scarlet fever, amoebic dysentery, gonorrhea

Pneumonia in children, genitourinary infections in pregnant women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

Primary syphilis (in patients with allergies to penicillins), uncomplicated chlamydia in adults (with localization in the lower genitourinary tract and rectum) with intolerance or ineffectiveness of tetracyclines, etc.

Tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis

Cholecystitis

Tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia

Pustular skin diseases, incl. juvenile acne, infected wounds, bedsores, stage II-III burns, trophic ulcers

Infections of the mucous membrane of the eyes

Tonsillitis, pharyngitis

Preoperative bowel preparation, dental interventions, endoscopy, in patients with heart defects.

Directions for use and doses

A single dose for adults and adolescents over 14 years of age is 0.25-0.5 g, daily - 1-2 g. The interval between administration is 6 hours. For severe infections, the daily dose can be increased to 4 g.

Children from 4 months to 18 years, depending on age, body weight and severity of infection - 30-50 mg/kg/day in 2-4 doses; for children in the first 3 months of life - 20-40 mg/kg/day. In case of more severe infections, the dose may be doubled.

For the treatment of diphtheria carriage - 0.25 g 2 times a day. The course dose for the treatment of primary syphilis is 30-40 g, the duration of treatment is 10-15 days.

For amoebic dysentery, adults - 0.25 g 4 times a day, children - 30-50 mg/kg/day; Course duration is 10-14 days.

For legionellosis - 0.5-1 g 4 times a day for 14 days.

For gonorrhea - 0.5 g every 6 hours for 3 days, then 0.25 g every 6 hours for 7 days.

For preoperative bowel preparation to prevent infectious complications - orally, 1 g 19 hours, 18 hours and 9 hours before surgery (3 g in total).

For the prevention of streptococcal infections (for tonsillitis, pharyngitis) adults - 20-50 mg/kg/day, children - 20-30 mg/kg/day, course duration - at least 10 days.

For the prevention of septic endocarditis in patients with heart defects - 1 g for adults and 20 mg/kg for children, 1 hour before a treatment or diagnostic procedure, then 0.5 g for adults and 10 mg/kg for children , again after 6 hours.

For whooping cough - 40-50 mg/kg/day for 5-14 days.

For pneumonia in children - 50 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses for at least 3 weeks.

For genitourinary infections during pregnancy - 0.5 g 4 times a day for at least 7 days or (if this dose is poorly tolerated) - 0.25 g 4 times a day for at least 14 days.

In adults, with uncomplicated chlamydia and intolerance to tetracyclines - 0.5 g 4 times a day for at least 7 days.

Side effects

Sometimes:

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastralgia, tenesmus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysbiosis

Hearing loss and/or tinnitus (when used in high doses - more than 4 g / day, hearing loss is usually reversible after discontinuation of the drug)

Rarely:

Oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis (both during and after treatment), liver dysfunction, cholestatic jaundice, increased activity of “liver” transaminases, pancreatitis

Tachycardia, prolongation of the QT interval on the ECG, ventricular arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia (pirouette type), in patients with a prolonged QT interval, atrial fibrillation or flutter

- allergic reactions: Sometimes- urticaria, skin rash, eosinophilia, exudative erythema, erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis

very rarely

Anaphylactic shock

Convulsions

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to the drug

Hearing loss

Concomitant use of terfenadine or astemizole

Pregnancy, lactation period

Drug interactions

Drugs that block tubular secretion prolong T1/2 of erythromycin.

Incompatible with lincomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism).

Reduces the bactericidal effect of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems).

When taken simultaneously with drugs that are metabolized in the liver (theophylline, carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine), the concentration of these drugs in plasma may increase (it is an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes).

Increases the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine (especially in patients with concomitant renal failure). Reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam, and therefore may enhance the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines.

When taken simultaneously with terfenadine or astemizole - the possibility of developing arrhythmia, with dihydroergotamine or non-hydrogenated ergot alkaloids - vasoconstriction to spasm, dysesthesia.

Slows down the elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and coumarin anticoagulants.

When co-administered with lovastatin, rhabdomyolysis increases.

Increases the bioavailability of digoxin.

Reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.

special instructions

Carefully: arrhythmias (history), prolongation of the QT interval, jaundice (history), liver and/or renal failure.

During long-term therapy, it is necessary to monitor laboratory parameters of liver function.

Symptoms of cholestatic jaundice may develop several days after the start of therapy, but the risk of development increases after 7-14 days of continuous therapy. The likelihood of developing an ototoxic effect is higher in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as in elderly patients.

Some resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae are sensitive to concomitant administration of erythromycin and sulfonamides.

May interfere with the determination of catecholamines in urine and the activity of “liver” transaminases in the blood (colorimetric determination using definylhydrazine).

Features of influence medicine on the ability to manage vehicle or potentially dangerous mechanisms

There have been no reports of the effects of erythromycin on driving or using machinery.

Overdose

Erythromycin ointment is an inexpensive and effective remedy for acne, known to many. But its scope of application is not limited to dermatology - the ointment is popular in ophthalmology and a number of other areas of medicine.

Erythromycin ointment - description and action

Erythromycin in ointment form is an external agent with an antibacterial effect. Main active substance is a macrolide antibiotic with wide range work - erythromycin(there are 10,000 units of it in the product). The drug also contains a number of auxiliary components:

• sodium disulfate;
• petrolatum;
• sodium pyrosulfite;
• lanolin anhydrous.

The product is available in tubes of 5 g (eye ointment) and 10.15 g, which are packaged in cardboard boxes. It is produced by different pharmaceutical companies- “Biosynthesis”, “Synthesis”, “Tatkhimpharmpreparaty”, average the price of the largest package is 150 rubles.

The drug is non-toxic and can be used on any part of the body or face. It is tolerated by patients better than drugs based on penicillin antibiotics. Erythromycin has an antimicrobial effect - it binds to the ribosomal components of bacteria, destroys the molecular bonds of amino acids, thereby inhibiting the synthesis of microbial proteins. Erythromycin helps against diseases caused by microbes sensitive to it:

• neisseria;
• chlamydia;
• staphylococcus;
• streptococcus;
• influenza;
• bordetella;
• Brucella;
• corynebacterium;
• clostridia.

A number of gram-negative bacilli do not respond to treatment due to resistance to the active substance (Escherichia coli, Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa).

Indications for use

For eye treatment, the product is widely used even in children. It helps against a number of eye infections:

• bacterial conjunctivitis;
• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes in newborns;
• bacterial blepharitis;
• microbial blepharoconjunctivitis;
• meibomite, barley.

Also in ophthalmology, the ointment is indicated in complex therapy chlamydial conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis. In case of trachoma, in parallel, frequent eye rinsing with antiseptics should be done. As a prophylactic agent, Erythromycin is used to prevent neonatal blenorrhea.

If used for too long, all bacteria become resistant to erythromycin - this is the drawback of the medicine.

Erythromycin can be used on the skin against various pathologies caused by microbes. The ointment is indicated for 2-3 degree burns, including before they become infected (to prevent the development of a secondary infection). The product is used to treat infected wounds, abrasions, and poorly healing cuts.

Also indicated for use are:

Instructions for use

The ointment is for external use only. Before application, thoroughly wash the affected area of ​​skin and allow it to dry. Usually the drug is gently rubbed into the skin and mucous membranes 2-3 times a day. The duration of therapy depends on the severity infectious process, more often it is 1-3 weeks. Under the supervision of a doctor, the ointment can be used for a longer course - up to 6-8 weeks.

This course can lead to the development of a secondary fungal infection due to the destruction of all bacterial flora, including non-pathogenic ones.

Therapy individual species the disease is produced as follows:

1. Conjunctivitis, blepharitis. Three times a day you should apply the product (about 0.2 g per procedure) behind the lower eyelid. To do this, you need to wash your hands thoroughly, squeeze the ointment onto your finger, and apply it to the sore area.
2. Trachoma. Erythromycin should be used in the same way, but 5 times a day.
3. Purulent wounds. Cleanse the skin of purulent-necrotic masses (in some cases, surgical treatment may be required). Apply the medicine and cover the wound with a sterile gauze bandage.
4. Burns. Apply the product 3-4 times a week until recovery.

For acne, Erythromycin is applied to the skin pointwise twice a day; if the frequency of rashes is high, the ointment can be rubbed in indiscriminately. First, the skin should be cleansed of makeup, grease, and dirt.

Contraindications, side effects

Using ointment during pregnancy can be dangerous. Even those small concentrations of the drug that enter the bloodstream when rubbed locally can penetrate the placental barrier. Therefore, in the first trimester, Erythromycin ointment is contraindicated, in the 2-3 trimesters.

During lactation, long-term use of the drug requires discontinuation of breastfeeding, since erythromycin passes into breast milk.

Contraindications to treatment include severe stages disorders of the kidneys and liver (decompensated forms). Other prohibitions are:

The most common side effects are redness, rashes on the body, hyperthermia, itching, and allergic reactions. In rare cases possible side effects systemic - headaches, dizziness, swelling, rash all over the body. Such situations require urgent discontinuation of the drug.

Analogues and other information

Analogs include a number of other antibacterial and antiseptics in the form of ointments, which are sold in pharmacies.