Home Coated tongue Carvedilol mic 6.25. Carvedilol-mic capsules: instructions for use

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Carvedilol mic 6.25. Carvedilol-mic capsules: instructions for use

Instructions for use Carvedilol
Buy Carvedilol TB 6.25mg
Dosage forms
tablets 6.25 mg
Manufacturers
Salutas Pharma GmbH (Germany)
Group
Alpha and beta blockers
Compound
Active substance: Carvedilol.
International nonproprietary name
Carvedilol
Synonyms
Acridilol, Vedicardol, Dilatrend, Carvedigamma, Carvedilol Zentiva, Carvedilol Obolenskoye, Carvedilol Sandoz, Carvedilol Stada, Carvedilol-OBL, Carvedilol-Teva, Kardivas, Coriol, Talliton
pharmachologic effect
Antianginal, hypotensive, antioxidant, vasodilator, antiproliferative. Blocks beta and alpha1 adrenergic receptors. Has a pronounced vasodilating effect. Due to arteriolar vasodilation, it reduces afterload on the heart and inhibits neurohumoral vasoconstrictor activation of blood vessels and the heart. Plasma renin activity decreases. Does not have its own sympathomimetic activity. When administered orally, it is absorbed quickly and quite completely. The maximum concentration is reached after 1 hour. The half-life is about 6 hours. Excreted in bile.
Indications for use
Arterial hypertension, angina pectoris, chronic heart failure.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, decompensated heart failure (NYHA functional class IV), severe bradycardia, AV block II- III degree, sinoatrial block, sick sinus syndrome, shock, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, severe liver damage, pregnancy, lactation, childhood and adolescence (up to 18 years).
Side effect
Dizziness, headache, weakness, syncope, depression, sleep disorders, paresthesia, bradycardia, AV conduction disturbances, postural hypertension, edema, deterioration of peripheral circulation, progression of heart failure, acute renal failure, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, nasal congestion , bronchospastic reactions, pain in the limbs, xerophthalmia, increased levels of transaminases in the blood, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hyperglycemia, weight gain, allergic skin rashes.
Interaction
AV conduction may be slowed when used in combination with cardiac glycosides or diltiazem. Increases the content of digoxin in blood serum. Anesthetics enhance the negative inotropic and hypotensive effects of carvedilol. Phenobarbital and rifampicin accelerate metabolism and reduce plasma concentrations. Diuretics and ACE inhibitors potentiate hypotension. Incompatible with intravenous administration of calcium antagonists.
Directions for use and dosage
Inside, after meals, with a small amount of liquid. The dose is selected individually. Arterial hypertension: the recommended dose in the first 7-14 days is 12.5 mg/day in the morning after breakfast or divided into 2 doses of 6.25 mg, then 25 mg/day once in the morning or divided into 2 doses of 12.5 mg . After 14 days, the dose can be increased again. Stable angina: initial dose - 12.5 mg 2 times a day; after 7-14 days, under the supervision of a physician, the dose can be increased to 25 mg 2 times a day. After 14 days, if the drug is insufficiently effective and well tolerated, the dose can be increased further. General daily dose should not exceed 100 mg (50 mg 2 times a day), for people over 70 years old - 25 mg. If it is necessary to discontinue the drug, the dose should be reduced gradually over 1-2 weeks.
Overdose
Symptoms: severe hypertension (SBP 80 mm Hg and below), bradycardia, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, violation respiratory function. Treatment: cardiotonics, monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, kidney function.
special instructions
Should be used with caution in elderly people, diabetes mellitus, recent worsening of heart failure. The dose should be reduced gradually to prevent the development of withdrawal syndrome. During the treatment period, alcohol consumption is excluded. Prescribe with caution to patients whose work requires increased attention and reaction speed.
Storage conditions
List B. In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.

pharmachologic effect

Alpha and beta blocker without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.

Blocks α1 -, β1 and β2 -adrenergic receptors. Has vasodilating, antianginal and antiarrhythmic effect. Has membrane-stabilizing properties.

The combination of vasodilation and blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors leads to the following effects: in patients with arterial hypertension, a decrease in blood pressure is not accompanied by an increase in peripheral blood flow, and peripheral blood flow does not decrease (unlike beta-blockers). Heart rate decreases slightly.

In patients with ischemic heart disease it has an antianginal effect. Reduces pre- and afterload on the heart. Does not have a pronounced effect on lipid metabolism and the content of potassium, sodium, and magnesium in the blood plasma. In patients with impaired left ventricular function or circulatory failure, it has a beneficial effect on hemodynamic parameters and improves ejection fraction and left ventricular dimensions. Has an antioxidant effect, eliminating free oxygen radicals.

Indications

arterial hypertension (as mono- or combination therapy);
stable angina;
chronic heart failure (as part of combination therapy).

Directions for use and doses

Instructions for use and dosage are determined individually.

The drug is taken orally, regardless of food intake.

At arterial hypertension During the first 7-14 days, the recommended initial dose is 12.5 mg/day (1 tablet) in the morning after breakfast. The dose can be divided into 2 doses of 6.25 mg of Carvedilol (1/2 tablet of 12.5 mg). Next, the drug is prescribed at a dose of 25 mg (1 tablet 25 mg) in 1 dose in the morning, or divided into 2 doses of 12.5 mg (1 tablet 12.5 mg). If necessary, after 14 days it is possible to increase the dose again.
At stable angina The initial dose of Carvedilol is 12.5 mg (1 tablet 12.5 mg) 2 times a day. After 7-14 days, the dose can be increased to 25 mg (1 tablet 25 mg) 2 times a day. If there is insufficient effectiveness and good tolerability, after 14 days the dose of Carvedilol may be further increased. The daily dose of Carvedilol for angina pectoris should not exceed 50 mg (2 tablets of 25 mg), prescribed 2 times a day.

For patients over 70 years of age, the daily dose of Carvedilol should not exceed 25 mg (1 tablet 25 mg) 2 times a day.

When discontinuing the drug, the dose should be reduced gradually over 1-2 weeks.

If you miss the next dose, the drug should be taken as soon as possible. However, if the time comes next appointment, then you only need to take one single dose(no doubling).

If there is a break in taking the drug for more than 2 weeks, it is necessary to resume treatment with the lowest doses of Carvedilol.

The tablets are taken after meals with a small amount of water.

At chronic heart failure the dose is selected individually, under the close supervision of a physician. The recommended starting dose is 3.125 mg 2 times a day for 2 weeks. If well tolerated, the dose is increased at intervals of at least 2 weeks to 6.25 mg 2 times/day, then 12.5 mg 2 times/day and then to 25 mg 2 times/day. The dose should be increased to the maximum that is well tolerated by the patient. In patients weighing less than 85 kg, the target dose is 50 mg/day; in patients weighing more than 85 kg, the target dose is 75-100 mg/day. If treatment is interrupted for more than 2 weeks, then its resumption begins with a dose of 3.125 mg 2 times a day, followed by an increase in the dose.

Contraindications

severe liver failure;
severe bradycardia (heart rate less than 50 beats/min);
SSSU;
AV block II and III degrees (except for patients with artificial driver rhythm);
chronic heart failure in the stage of decompensation;
acute heart failure;
cardiogenic shock;
arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 85 mm Hg);
pregnancy;
lactation ( breast-feeding);
children's and adolescence up to 18 years old;
increased sensitivity to carvedilol and other components of the drug.

special instructions

The drug should be prescribed with caution to patients with bronchospastic syndrome, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema.

At the beginning of treatment with Carvedilol and with increasing doses of the drug, a sharp decrease in blood pressure and orthostatic reactions are possible. Dizziness and even fainting may occur, especially in elderly patients, with heart failure, when using combination antihypertensive therapy or when using diuretics.

Treatment with Carvedilol should not be stopped abruptly, especially in patients with angina pectoris, because this may make the condition worse. The dose reduction should be gradual over 1-2 weeks.

It should be borne in mind that at the beginning of treatment and with increasing doses of Carvedilol, blood pressure may decrease excessively, causing dizziness. Therefore, during the treatment period, patients should refrain from potentially active activities. dangerous species activities requiring increased attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Storage conditions

The drug should be stored out of the reach of children, in a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25°C.

In this article you can read the instructions for use of the drug Carvedilol. Feedback from site visitors - consumers - is presented of this medicine, as well as the opinions of specialist doctors on the use of Carvedilol in their practice. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: whether the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications were observed and side effects, perhaps not stated by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Carvedilol in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of heart failure and lowering blood pressure in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Carvedilol- alpha and beta adrenergic blocker without internal sympathomimetic activity.

Blocks alpha1-, beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors. It has a vasodilating, antianginal and antiarrhythmic effect.

The vasodilating effect is mainly associated with the blockade of alpha1-adrenergic receptors. Thanks to vasodilation, it reduces peripheral vascular resistance. Has membrane-stabilizing properties. The combination of vasodilation and blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors leads to the following effects: in patients with arterial hypertension, a decrease in blood pressure is not accompanied by an increase in peripheral blood flow, and peripheral blood flow does not decrease (unlike beta-blockers). Heart rate decreases slightly.

Compound

Carvedilol + excipients.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, carvedilol is quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is 25% (due to the high degree of metabolism in the liver). The concentration in blood plasma is proportional to the dose taken. Eating slows down the absorption of carvedilol without affecting its bioavailability. Plasma protein binding is almost complete - 98-99%. Penetrates the placental barrier and is excreted breast milk. Metabolized to form metabolites with a high ability to block beta-adrenergic receptors. It is excreted mainly in bile.

Indications

arterial hypertension (as mono- or combination therapy);
stable angina;
chronic heart failure (as part of combination therapy).

Release forms

Tablets 12.5 mg and 25 mg.

Instructions for use and dosage

The dosage regimen is set individually.

The drug is taken orally, regardless of food intake.

For arterial hypertension during the first 7-14 days, the recommended initial dose is 12.5 mg per day (1 tablet) in the morning after breakfast. The dose can be divided into 2 doses of 6.25 mg of Carvedilol (1/2 tablet of 12.5 mg). Next, the drug is prescribed at a dose of 25 mg (1 tablet 25 mg) in 1 dose in the morning, or divided into 2 doses of 12.5 mg (1 tablet 12.5 mg). If necessary, after 14 days it is possible to increase the dose again.

For stable angina, the initial dose of Carvedilol is 12.5 mg (1 tablet 12.5 mg) 2 times a day. After 7-14 days, the dose can be increased to 25 mg (1 tablet 25 mg) 2 times a day. If there is insufficient effectiveness and good tolerability, after 14 days the dose of Carvedilol can be further increased. The daily dose of Carvedilol for angina pectoris should not exceed 50 mg (2 tablets of 25 mg), prescribed 2 times a day.

When discontinuing the drug, the dose should be reduced gradually over 1-2 weeks.

If you miss the next dose, the drug should be taken as soon as possible. However, if it is time for the next dose, you only need to take one single dose (without doubling).

If there is a break in taking the drug for more than 2 weeks, it is necessary to resume treatment with the lowest doses of Carvedilol.

For chronic heart failure, the dose is selected individually, under the close supervision of a physician. The recommended starting dose is 3.125 mg 2 times a day for 2 weeks. If well tolerated, the dose is increased at intervals of at least 2 weeks to 6.25 mg 2 times a day, then 12.5 mg 2 times a day and then up to 25 mg 2 times a day. The dose should be increased to the maximum that is well tolerated by the patient. In patients weighing less than 85 kg, the target dose is 50 mg per day; in patients weighing more than 85 kg, the target dose is 75-100 mg per day. If treatment is interrupted for more than 2 weeks, then its resumption begins with a dose of 3.125 mg 2 times a day, followed by an increase in the dose.

Side effect

headache;
dizziness;
muscle weakness (usually at the beginning of treatment);
sleep disorders;
depression;
bradycardia;
orthostatic hypotension;
angina pectoris;
AV block;
peripheral circulatory disorders;
intermittent claudication;
progression of heart failure;
dry mouth;
nausea, vomiting;
abdominal pain;
diarrhea;
constipation;
thrombocytopenia, leukopenia;
severe renal dysfunction;
swelling;
skin reactions (exanthema, urticaria, itching, rash);
exacerbation of psoriasis;
sneeze;
nasal congestion;
bronchospasm;
shortness of breath (in predisposed patients);
flu-like syndrome;
pain in the limbs;
decreased tear production;
increase in body weight.

Contraindications

severe liver failure;
severe bradycardia (heart rate less than 50 beats/min);
sick sinus syndrome (SSNS);
2nd and 3rd degree AV block (except for patients with an artificial pacemaker);
chronic heart failure in the stage of decompensation;
acute heart failure;
cardiogenic shock;
arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 85 mm Hg);
pregnancy;
lactation (breastfeeding);
children and adolescents up to 18 years of age;
hypersensitivity to carvedilol and other components of the drug.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

The drug is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).

Use in elderly patients

Elderly patients may have effective dose 12.5 mg per day.

Use in children

The drug is contraindicated in children and adolescents under 18 years of age. The safety and effectiveness of Carvedilol in children and adolescents under 18 years of age have not been established.

special instructions

The drug should be prescribed with caution to patients with bronchospastic syndrome, chronic bronchitis, and pulmonary emphysema.

Treatment with Carvedilol should not be stopped abruptly, especially in patients with angina pectoris, because this may make the condition worse. The dose reduction should be gradual over 1-2 weeks.

During the period of use of Carvedilol, it is necessary to monitor renal function in patients with renal failure, ischemic heart disease, diseases peripheral vessels, arterial hypotension and/or heart failure. If renal function deteriorates, the drug should be discontinued.

Prescribing beta-blockers to patients with peripheral vascular diseases, psoriasis and anaphylactic reactions history can lead to a worsening of the disease, and with Prinzmetal's angina it can provoke the appearance of chest pain. In addition, the use of Carvedilol may reduce the sensitivity of allergy tests.

Prescribing the drug may mask the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and early symptoms hyperglycemia. For diabetes mellitus, regular monitoring of blood glucose levels and, if necessary, adjustment of hypoglycemic therapy is recommended.

When using Carvedilol, caution should be exercised general anesthesia using drugs with negative inotropic effects (ether, cyclopropane, trichlorethylene). The patient should inform the doctor about taking Carvedilol. Before extensive surgical interventions gradual withdrawal of the drug is recommended.

Caution must be exercised when using the drug in cases of severe metabolic acidosis.

When using the drug in patients with pheochromocytoma, alpha-blockers are prescribed before starting therapy.

Avoid using the drug when wearing contact lenses due to decreased tear production.

During the period of use of the drug, you should avoid drinking alcohol.

It should be taken into account that if it is necessary to discontinue combination therapy with Carvedilol and clonidine, Carvedilol should be discontinued first, several days before the dose of clonidine is gradually reduced.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery

It should be borne in mind that at the beginning of treatment and with increasing doses of Carvedilol, blood pressure may decrease excessively, causing dizziness. Therefore, during the treatment period, patients should refrain from engaging in potentially hazardous activities that require increased attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug interactions

During therapy with Carvedilol, diltiazem and verapamil should not be administered intravenously due to a possible pronounced decrease in heart rate and a pronounced decrease in blood pressure.

Some antiarrhythmic drugs, drugs for anesthesia, antihypertensive drugs, antianginal drugs, other beta-blockers (including those used in the form eye drops), MAO inhibitors, sympatholytics (reserpine) and cardiac glycosides can enhance the effect of Carvedilol. When administered concomitantly with Carvedilol, the doses of these drugs should be selected with caution.

When used simultaneously with inducers of liver enzymes (for example, rifampicin, phenobarbital), the concentration of carvedilol in the blood plasma may decrease, and when joint use with liver enzyme inhibitors (for example, cimetidine), the plasma concentration of carvedilol may increase.

With simultaneous use, Carvedilol may increase the concentration of digoxin in the blood plasma.

The simultaneous administration of Carvedilol with ergot alkaloids worsens peripheral circulation.

This medicinal product contains carvedilol , which is the active substance, as well as a number of excipients:

milk sugar;
sucrose;
methylcellulose;
polyvidone K25;
croscarmellose sodium;
crospovidone.

Release form

Tablets containing active substance 12.5 and 25 mg in a blister pack of 10 pcs., in a cardboard box 3 packs.

pharmachologic effect

Carvedilol is non-selective beta blocker with alpha-1 blocking activity and is indicated for the treatment arterial hypertension , as well as mild or moderate heart failure of ischemic origin.

Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

The mechanism of action of Carvedilol is racemic mixture , wherein non-selective beta-adrenergic receptors block the activity of the S (+) enantiomer and alpha-adrenergic receptors block the activity of the R (+) and S (-) enantiomers with equal effectiveness. Carvedilol also reduces systemic vascular resistance by blocking alpha adrenergic receptors .

The active substance of the drug and its metabolite BM-910228 (a less powerful beta blocker, but a stronger antioxidant) restores the inotropic response in relation to Ca 2+ in OH - free radicals in the myocardium , and also reduces the content of active induced radicals in the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase. Thus, Carvedilol and its metabolites may be useful in chronic heart failure and to prevent free radical damage.

Carvedilol is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral administration with a bioavailability of approximately 25% - 35%. The bioavailability of the active substance is not affected by food intake, but may slow down its absorption. Plasma protein binding is almost absolute 98-99%. Clearance – from 6 to 10 hours. The drug is excreted from the body mainly with bile.

Indications for use

This medicine is prescribed for mild treatment or moderate heart failure ischemic or cardiomyopathic origin. In addition, Carvedilol is prescribed for arterial hypertension as mono- or combination therapy and for.

Contraindications

Carvedilol is contraindicated in patients with:

bronchial asthma (2 cases of death from status asthmaticus in patients were registered) or related bronchospastic symptoms of the second or third degree;
sick sinus syndrome or severe bradycardia (if a permanent pacemaker is in place);
cardiogenic shock or decompensated heart failure requiring the use of intravenous infusions;
clinically obvious liver failure ;
hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug.

Side effects

In patients taking this medicinal product, may occur dizziness , headaches and even fainting.

The most common side effects when taking Carvedilol:

hyperglycemia or high blood sugar;
excessive thirst;
feeling of extreme hunger;
blurred vision .

If patients taking this drug experience any of these symptoms, they should consult their doctor as soon as possible.

Side effects observed in rare cases:

nausea ;
vomit ;
joint pain;
cough ;
blurred vision;
numbness or tingling in the limbs;
weight gain;
chest pain ;
swelling of the arms and legs;
itching .

Carvedilol, instructions for use (Method and dosage)

Instructions for use of Carvedilol: the drug is taken orally with plenty of liquid and preferably after meals. The dosage and duration of taking the drug is selected individually depending on the severity of the patient’s condition.

At arterial hypertension the drug is used for 1 - 2 weeks at a dosage of 12.5 mg per day. It is preferable to take the drug after a hearty breakfast. At the discretion of the attending physician, the daily dose can be divided into two equal parts - 6.25 mg each. Afterwards the dosage is increased to 25 mg per day.

At angina pectoris The drug is prescribed in a dosage of 25 mg per day. The dosage is divided into 2 doses in equal proportions. After a week of using the drug, the daily dose can be increased to 50 mg at the discretion of the attending physician.

Overdose

An overdose of Carvedilol can lead to the following symptoms:

expressed demotion blood pressure ;
With low level Heart rate;
respiratory dysfunction;
heart failure ;
extreme left ventricular failure;
heart failure .

At the first manifestation of overdose symptoms, you should urgently seek medical advice. qualified assistance. You can get rid of the symptoms of overdose by gastric lavage and prescribing adrenergic agonists.

Interaction with other drugs

Acetohexamide, - Carvedilol may reduce symptoms hypoglycemia ;
- when taken simultaneously with this drug, it may occur bradycardia ;
– manifestation hypertension ;
- Carvedilol may enhance the therapeutic and side effects of Cyclosporine;
- the effect of Digoxin when taken simultaneously with the described medicine intensifies;
, Ergotamine - ischemia with risk gangrene ;
- development hypertension And bradycardia ;
Etravirine - when using Carvedilol and Etravirine (CYP2C9 inhibitor) simultaneously, an increase in the concentration of the active substance in the blood serum may be observed;
, Glipizide - may reduce symptoms of hypoglycemia;
, - risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins;
- may increase the effect and toxicity of lidocaine;
- risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins;
Prazosin – risk of developing hypotension at the beginning of therapy;
- increase the effect of both drugs.

Terms of sale

This drug is sold in pharmacies strictly according to a doctor's prescription.

Storage conditions

This drug must be stored at a temperature no higher than 25 C and no lower than 15 C Celsius. It is preferable to choose a dark storage location with moderate humidity levels.

Best before date

The shelf life of the drug is 3 years.

Analogues of Carvedilol

Level 4 ATX code matches:

Analogues of Carvedilol by ATC code and composition include the following drugs:

Atram;
Carvetrend;
Carvidex;
Amlodak-AO;
Anaprilin;
Aodak-AO;
Karvedigamma;
Carvedilol Obolenskoe;
Carvedilol-KV;
Carvedilol Hexal;
Carvedilol-Lugal;
Carvedilol Sandoz;
Cardivas;
Carvidil;
Credex;
Talliton;

Reviews of Carvedilol

Reviews about Carvedilol on the forums cannot be called unanimous, but most of them are still positive.

Feedback from one Internet user:

« My mother suffered 2 heart attacks, and therefore regularly ends up in the cardiology department of the local hospital. Recently, her doctor prescribed her to take the drug Carvedilol, first for 2 weeks, half a tablet (12.5 mg), and then 1 tablet (25 mg) per day. After the specified period of taking the medicine, my mother showed noticeable improvements in her health. At least there were no heart attacks. The positive dynamics satisfied the attending physician, but he recommended continuing to take the drug, but gradually reducing the dose. I hope everything will be fine now».

Carvedilol price

The price of Carvedilol is relatively affordable, which makes Carvedilol stand out among existing analogues. For example, 12.5 mg tablets, 30 pieces per pack, cost from 99 rubles in pharmacies. But the analogue of the drug Carvedilol-Teva (company Pliva Krakow, Poland) costs 212 - 219 rubles.

Online pharmacies in Russia Russia
Online pharmacies in Ukraine Ukraine

ZdravCity

Carvedilol tablets 12.5 mg 30 pcs. Ozone LLC

Carvedilol-Akrikhin tablets 6.25 mg 30 pcs. JSC Akrikhin

Carvedilol-Akrikhin tablets 25 mg 30 pcs. JSC Akrikhin

Carvedilol-Akrikhin tablets 12.5 mg 30 pcs. JSC Akrikhin

Carvedilol Zentiva tablets 12.5 mg 30 pcs. Zentiva k.s.

Carvedilol is an alpha- and beta-blocker that has no intrinsic sympathomimetic properties. Thanks to the use of the drug, it is possible to achieve antianginal and vasodilating effects. In addition, the product copes with arrhythmia.

Composition and release form

The drug is produced in the form of tablets. The active element of the substance is carvedilol. Each tablet contains 12.5 or 25 mg of the drug. Additional components include sucrose, lactose and other components.

The price of carvedilol at a dosage of 12.5 mg is 75-235 rubles. You can purchase a 25 mg product for 130-280 rubles.

Operating principle

Carvedilol is a non-selective beta blocker. The drug also belongs to selective alpha-blockers. The medicine does not have intrinsic sympathomimetic properties.

The substance leads to a decrease in the overall load on the atrium due to the selective blockade of alpha receptors.

Indiscriminate blocking of beta receptors suppresses the renin-angiotensin system of the kidneys. The composition also copes with hypertension, reduces cardiac output and the frequency of organ contractions. The substance also provides expansion of peripheral blood vessels. This reduces vascular resistance.

Due to blocking beta receptors and vasodilation, the drug is characterized by the following effects:

In case of cardiac ischemia, it is possible to prevent myocardial damage and pain;
At hypertension you can reduce your blood pressure;
In case of problems with blood circulation and damage to the left ventricle, hemodynamics improve, the size of the organ decreases and output increases.

The substance has a bioavailability of 25%. The maximum concentration is observed 1 hour after consumption. The drug has a linear relationship between blood levels and dosage. Food intake has no effect on bioavailability.

Indications

Indications for the use of carvedilol include the following:

Chronic form of heart failure of 2-3 degrees - in combination with diuretics, calcium antagonists, ACE inhibitors;
Hypertension - can be the main method of therapy or used in addition to other drugs.

Mode of application

The instructions for carvedilol recommend taking the drug orally, regardless of food. In the presence of cardiovascular insufficiency, the use of the medicine is combined with food intake. This increases absorption and reduces the risk of orthostatic hypotension.

For hypertension

In such a situation, the instructions for use of carvedilol advise using the medicine 1-2 times a day. The initial dosage is 12.5 mg in the first 1-2 days. For maintenance, a volume of 25 mg per day is used. If necessary, you can gradually increase the volume at intervals of 2 weeks until it reaches 50 mg per day.

Elderly people are prescribed 12.5 mg of the drug per day. This amount is sufficient for subsequent use. For hypertension, the maximum daily volume should not exceed 50 mg.

For stable angina

Initially, 25 mg of the drug is prescribed for 1-2 days, which is divided into 2 times. To maintain the patient, 50 mg per day is prescribed - divided into 2 doses. The maximum daily amount should not be more than 100 mg. It is divided into 2 doses.

Elderly people are initially prescribed 12.5 mg per day. This amount of the drug is taken for 1-2 days. The patient is then transferred to a maintenance amount of 50 mg per day. It is divided into 2 applications. This amount is the limit for this group of people.

In chronic forms of heart and vascular failure

The drug carvedilol is prescribed in addition to traditional therapy with vasodilators, ACE inhibitors, diuretics and substances containing digitalis. To use the substance, the patient's stable condition is required for 1 month. Important criteria are a heart rate of no more than 50 beats per minute and a systolic pressure of more than 85 mmHg. Art.

The initial dosage of carvedilol is 6.25 mg. With normal tolerance, after 2 weeks the volume can be gradually increased. Initially, 6.25 mg is prescribed twice a day, then 12.5 mg is prescribed 2 times a day.

For people weighing less than 85 kg, the maximum daily amount is 50 mg. This amount must be divided by 2 times. If a person’s weight exceeds the specified mark, he can take a maximum of 100 mg of the drug per day, dividing it into 2 times. An exception should be people with complex forms of heart failure. The dosage should be increased under strict medical supervision.

Sometimes at the initial stage of therapy there is a deterioration in the patient's condition.

This is especially true for people who take a large number of diuretics or have a complex form of pathology. In such a situation, you should not stop taking the medicine, but it is important to avoid increasing the dosage.

When using the drug, the patient's condition should be monitored by a therapist or cardiologist. Before increasing the volume of medication, additional diagnostic studies. These include assessment of liver function, determination of weight, heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rate.

If symptoms of decompensation or fluid retention appear, symptomatic treatment. It consists of increasing the volume of diuretic drugs. However, the dosage of carvedilol should not be increased until the patient's condition has stabilized.

IN individual situations it is necessary to reduce the volume of the substance or stop treatment for a while. If therapy is interrupted, it must be started using a minimum volume of 6.25 mg. The dosage should be increased in accordance with the instructions.

Carvedilol tablets are not used in pediatric practice, since there is no information regarding the effectiveness or safety of this medicine for this category of patients. When treating elderly people, constant medical supervision is required. This is due to more high sensitivity this category of persons.

If it is necessary to discontinue the drug, the dosage is gradually reduced. This must be done within 7-14 days

Side effects

The drug can provoke unwanted reactions body:

In case of defeat hematopoietic system Anemia develops quite often. In more rare cases, thrombocytopenia or leukopenia is observed.
In case of violation immune system there is a risk of hypersensitivity.
The nervous system often reacts to the use of the drug with headaches and dizziness. In more rare cases, predicament occurs fainting states, loss of consciousness, paresthesia.
In case of defeat visual organ Visual acuity often decreases, tear production decreases, and eye irritation occurs.
When the respiratory system is damaged, shortness of breath, bronchitis, inflammation or edema of the lungs, and asthma often occur. In rare cases, nasal congestion is observed.
The cardiovascular system may respond to the drug by developing heart failure during dosage increases and a severe drop in blood pressure. Bradycardia, swelling, and orthostatic hypotension often occur. Peripheral circulation may also be impaired and fluid may be retained in the body.
If the digestive organs are damaged, nausea and vomiting, stool disorders, painful sensations in a stomach. Dyspeptic symptoms and dry mouth may also occur.
With liver damage, the activity of AST and ALT may increase.
When the dermis is damaged, skin reactions sometimes appear. They manifest themselves in the form of dermatitis, itching, urticaria, and exanthema. IN difficult cases Stevens-Johnson syndrome and erythema multiforme develop.
The urinary organs may respond to the drug with frequent infections, problems with urination, and kidney failure.
When bones and muscles are affected, pain in the limbs is observed.