There comes a time in every girl's life when her period begins. Bloody discharge on panties first frightens a teenager, then becomes a common occurrence.
But suddenly a 13-year-old girl experiences a delay in her period. What to do, what to think about, is there really something wrong in the body?
By studying the characteristics of the first menstruation over the next 2 years, we can conclude that the reproductive and hormonal systems are restructuring. Untimely bleeding is normal in teenage girls. We will look at what causes their instability in this article.
Features of puberty in girls
Puberty in girls' bodies occurs between the ages of 8 and 18 years. The first signs of puberty are manifested by axillary and pubic area, enlargement of the mammary glands and the volume of adipose tissue. If the mother notices these signs, it means that her daughter will begin menstruation in the next 1.5 - 2 years.
Menarche often occurs between 11 and 14 years of age. Sometimes menstruation begins earlier, for example, at 9–10 years, or later, at 15–16 years. Deviation from the norm does not always indicate pathology, but this fact should not go unnoticed by parents and doctors.
Girls who are prone to obesity and are physically developed experience early menarche. In thin teenagers, the first bleeding does not occur until the age of 12.
The process of puberty is purely individual and genetically determined. If the mother herself saw her first period at 12–13 years old, her child will begin bleeding around the same period. However, due to the rapid maturation of modern youth, teenagers now have their periods much earlier than in previous generations. The difference today is 1 year.
The regularity of menstruation in a girl aged 12–14 years depends on the proper functioning of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Improper functioning of these parts of the brain becomes the main cause of delay in adolescence.
Why do girls have late periods?
If a girl under 15 years of age has never had a period, gynecologists call this an abnormal delay in physiological development. If menarche was timely, but the next menstruation did not begin as scheduled, it is important to establish the reasons for the delay and take therapeutic measures.
Factors that influence the stability of menstruation in adolescents:
- Hormonal imbalance. A rough voice, lack of mature mammary glands and male-pattern hair indicate a predominance of male hormones in a girl’s body. Unstable periods indicate estrogen deficiency.
- Underdevelopment of the genital organs and trauma/surgery. Improperly formed organs, as well as damaged ones, can affect the timing of menstruation. The pathology is easily diagnosed during gynecological examination. Optimal age for examination – from 15 years.
- Increased mental or physical stress. An active lifestyle, the desire to be on time everywhere, doing a large number of lessons every day and visiting a tutor provoke a lack of free time and burn out fat layer. Its lack forces the brain centers to block ovulation.
- Bad habits. Smoking, intake narcotic drugs and alcoholic beverages delay the onset of menstruation in young ladies.
- Medicines. Taking some medications can disrupt smooth functioning reproductive system. The main culprits are synthetic hormones. Hormonal contraceptives Young girls should not use it, because they affect menstruation.
- Psycho-emotional status. As a child grows up, relationships with parents and classmates may become difficult, and this affects the cycle. The situation is aggravated by first love, especially unrequited love. Experiences force the girl to withdraw into herself. Lack of timely bleeding increases stress. Menstruation improves on its own only after this factor is eliminated.
- Sex. The onset of sexual activity during puberty causes a delay in menstruation in a 14-year-old girl (age deviations are allowed) and pregnancy. When a young lady is developing her personality, it is important for parents not to miss this moment and build a trusting relationship with their daughter. Proper sex education and knowledge simple methods contraception will prevent the consequences of early sexual activity in a growing child.
The desire to lose weight sometimes drives teenagers to exhaustion. Limited intake of nutritious foods and an unbridled desire for slimness cause anorexia nervosa. This condition disrupts the functions of the entire body and negatively affects the sexual sphere.
Symptoms of missed period
A delay in menstruation in some girls affects the psycho-emotional side of the personality. The daughter gets irritated over trifles, takes her anger out on innocent people around her, or becomes lethargic and apathetic.
If the years go by and there is still no menarche, you need to pay attention to the girl’s external image. If the figure does not change according to female type, parents should show the child to a gynecologist and endocrinologist.
If girls' second periods come with a delay of 20 to 45 days, there is no need to worry. Such cyclicity is not considered anomalous. But when there is no bleeding for several months or six months, or its duration fluctuates sharply (in one month there are 9 days, and in another - 3), you need to urgently contact a pediatric gynecologist.
Complete absence, which is accompanied by a lack of puberty, is identified by doctors with primary amenorrhea. If at the age of 14 a girl does not have pubic and armpit hair, the mammary glands do not grow and menstrual bleeding does not appear, the doctor will diagnose “amenorrhea”. For a 16-year-old girl with a full set of signs of puberty, the gynecologist will make the same diagnosis if she has never had her period yet.
In general, no norms for the duration and regularity of the cycle have been established for adolescence. A simple calculation will help mothers track the regularity of bleeding. Having allocated a pocket calendar for menstruation, you need to keep it together with your daughter and mark the arrival of critical days. This is recommended for the first 2 years after menarche.
When does the menstrual cycle begin?
On average, the cycle is established within 2 years. At this time, it is important to monitor all changes and not allow the situation that there are no periods for several months, and the girl does not receive medical care. Such a problem must be discussed with a gynecologist.
In order to adjust as quickly as possible, the girl needs to create certain conditions:
- Adjust your diet in favor of fortified foods.
- Reduce physical exercise and, if possible, intellectual ones.
- Protect your child from stressful situations.
- Organize family walks in the fresh air.
- Rearrange your daily routine so that sufficient time is allocated for night rest.
Some girls during puberty will benefit from consultations with a psychologist. Not every child perceives changes well own body. Sometimes it suffers mental condition, and emotions run high. The task of the doctor and parents is to teach the child to perceive himself correctly.
What to do if a girl aged 12–16 years is late in her period
The reasons for delayed menstruation in girls 11, 13, 15 and 17 years old discussed in the article in most cases are not accompanied by pain symptoms. But if a young lady experiences severe pain in the lower abdomen or lumbar region, and still does not have her period, she should talk to her mother and visit a gynecologist.
Self-medication in in this case unacceptable. Perhaps the problem is associated with hypothermia of the pelvic organs or the development of an infectious disease in genitourinary tract. The doctor will sort everything out.
The cause of delayed periods in adolescents may be polycystic ovary syndrome. The disease signals improper functioning of the appendages, adrenal glands and pituitary gland. Because of this, hormone production slows down and the menstrual cycle is disrupted.
If menarche has not occurred, it will not occur under such conditions. Early diagnosis And timely treatment will help a girl avoid infertility in family life. Subsequently, the patient should regularly visit the gynecologist for preventive purposes. Optimally – once every six months.
As a rule, menarche (first menstruation) appears in girls at 11–13 years of age. In some cases this an important event occurs at an earlier or late period. Naturally, caring parents They begin to worry when a 14-year-old teenager does not have periods. It is worth immediately understanding what the causes of this phenomenon are and when you need to seek help from a gynecologist.
When wondering why a girl doesn’t have her period at age 14, don’t immediately panic. Hormonal imbalances in adolescence and delayed sexual development can be observed under the influence of various factors. Among the main ones, the following stand out:
- excessive or insufficient physical activity;
- genetic predisposition;
- diseases genitourinary system;
- emotional instability;
- climatic conditions;
- illnesses suffered in early childhood;
- peculiarities physical development.
In some cases this is considered normal, in others - pathology. In any case, it wouldn't hurt to get additional consultation specialist
At what age is primary amenorrhea diagnosed?
The diagnosis of amenorrhea means the absence of menstrual flow in women.
Primary amenorrhea is diagnosed if a girl does not have menstruation at the age of 14, and other signs of puberty do not appear: the appearance of pubic hair and armpits, enlargement of the mammary glands.
If secondary signs of puberty appear in a teenager, but menstruation does not begin until the age of sixteen, a delay in menstruation is also considered primary amenorrhea.
Causes of primary amenorrhea with delayed sexual development
This diagnosis is given to girls who, by the age of fourteen, have no signs of puberty and have not appeared at menarche. The reasons for the delay of menstruation in adolescents and the inhibition of the body’s development may be different.
Gonadal malformations
The absence of menstruation in a girl aged 14 or 15 is often due to malformations of the gonads, namely:
- Swyer's syndrome;
- gonadal dysgenesis;
- testicular feminization syndrome.
Amenorrhea in this case is caused by chromosomal changes, as a result of which underdevelopment of the gonads is observed.
In a third of girls suffering from primary amenorrhea with mental retardation, developmental inhibition is caused by gonadal dysgenesis, in which the tissue necessary for the normal functioning of hormones is absent.
This pathology can occur in several forms:
- mixed;
- erased;
- typical;
- clean.
In this case, such defects as atrophy of the mucous membranes of the vulva and vagina, genital infantilism and underdevelopment of the mammary glands are observed.
Malformations in the central nervous system circuit
Developmental delay and absence of menstruation in a 15-year-old teenager can be caused by developmental defects in the central nervous system affecting the pituitary gland, such as:
- tumors;
- vascular thrombosis or tissue necrosis;
- damage to the pituitary stalk.
As a result, the ovaries are unable to produce the required amount of estrogen - and critical days don't come.
Causes of primary amenorrhea without ZPR
In the absence of developmental delay, primary amenorrhea is triggered by malformations of the genital organs. Against this background, menstrual blood does not appear when the girl reaches the age of sixteen.
Gynathresia
Gynatresia is a disorder of the cervix, hymen, or vagina. In this case, the outflow of menstruation is disrupted. Discharge accumulates inside the reproductive system and stretches the reproductive organ, vagina and tubes.
Every month girls have unbearable pain in the lower abdomen, but do not have periods.
Initially this nagging pain, which intensifies over time, becomes acute and paroxysmal. In addition, there are disturbances in the functioning of the intestines and bladder, nausea and dizziness.
Uterine aplasia
This is a pathology in which the reproductive organ is underdeveloped or has an abnormal shape. In most cases, the disease is asymptomatic in adolescence. It can only be detected with an ultrasound of the pelvis. Girls are actively developing, their mammary glands, hair grows in the armpits and pubic area. They only complain about missing periods at 16 years old.
Diagnosis of the causes by a specialist
When asked what to do if a teenager under 14 years of age has not had menarche, there is only one answer: you need to seek help from a gynecologist. First of all, the doctor will take a history and examine the girl. After this, it will be necessary to resort to additional diagnostic measures.
To make a diagnosis, a pelvic ultrasound is required. Thanks to this, it is possible to identify the following violations:
- ovarian dysfunction;
- changes in the endometrium;
- infantilism.
Primary amenorrhea is often caused by hormonal disorders. That is why screening is carried out at the next stage.
With its help, the doctor receives information about the level of hormones in the blood, such as:
- testosterone;
- prolactin;
- progesterone.
In some cases, you additionally need:
- hysteroscopy;
- laparoscopy;
- consultation with a neurologist;
- karyotype examination.
Only after complex diagnostics the doctor will be able to make an accurate diagnosis.
Appearance – important point for girl. If for some reason they are late, then this causes certain concerns among teenagers and their parents. Indeed, in some cases the absence bleeding may indicate serious problems in organism. Often a delay in menstruation is due to stress, change climatic conditions and physiological features, but only a doctor can determine why critical days do not come. Such violations should not be ignored.
Every girl experiences puberty sooner or later. This is the period when the body begins to prepare all organs and systems to perform one of the main functions of the fair sex, to bear offspring. Girls, starting from 12-13 years old, begin to have periods. At first, menstrual flow may frighten the child, but over time this process becomes a common occurrence.
Since the ovaries are just beginning to actively perform their functions, and the hormonal background responsible for the regularity of these processes has not yet been fully formed, it is quite natural for a teenager to have a delay in menstruation at the age of 14-15 years. In most cases, irregular menstruation in adolescence is associated with the development of hormonal levels, but there are a number of other reasons menstrual irregularities, which require mandatory contact with a specialist.
When does your period come?
Puberty begins in girls long before the arrival of their first menstruation. At the age of 8-10, hair begins to appear in the armpits and pubic area, breasts enlarge, and body fat according to the female type. If such signs appear, it means that in a maximum of 2 years the girl should begin her first critical days.
Typically, menarche, as the first menstruation is also called, appears at the age of 12-14 years; in some cases, menstruation begins a little earlier, at 9-11 years or later - at 15-16 years. Deviations can be caused not only by pathologies, but also by climate, living conditions, and physical activity. Early menstruation usually occurs in girls with a thick build, and slender teenagers experience their first menstruation no earlier than 12 years of age. In any case, if there are no periods at the age of 15 or they begin in a girl under 9 years old, you should mandatory show the child to a specialist.
Puberty progresses differently for every girl, but genetics has a huge influence on it. If a mother’s first periods appeared at the age of 11, there is no need to worry and make a big fuss if her daughter gets her period at that age. Today's youth begin puberty about a year earlier than teenagers in previous generations, with the trend that early periods will soon become normal.
The regularity of menstrual periods in adolescence depends on the proper functioning of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. In case of delayed physical development, these parts of the brain begin to work incorrectly, which in turn can lead to the fact that menstruation begins to be delayed and come irregularly. There are a number of other reasons why there are delays in adolescence; let’s look at them in more detail.
What is the reason for problems among teenagers?
In the female body, most processes depend on hormonal balance, and in adolescence this dependence is felt more acutely due to complete hormonal changes. Any internal or external factor can affect hormonal levels and cause an irregular menstrual cycle in girls. Let's look at the most basic reasons for missed periods at a young age.
Poor nutrition
A very large role in proper development The body's metabolism plays a role. If a 13-year-old girl abuses fast food, fatty and sweet food, and also likes to drink carbonated drinks with various preservatives and flavors, this can lead to hormonal imbalance and delays, even when the menstrual cycle has already returned to normal at the age of 18, and not just during its formation.
Another argument in favor of proper nutrition is intensive growth child at puberty. For figure formation and growth internal organs The body requires a large amount of vitamins and microelements, which can only be obtained from healthy food. If, against the background of an unbalanced diet, a girl also goes on strict diets in order to get rid of the consequences of poor nutrition, the result may be a delay in menstruation or its complete absence.
Excessive passion for sports
Many parents with early years start taking their daughter to various sport sections, and then they wonder why their 16-year-old child doesn’t have her period yet. A similar situation is possible when, during intense training, a child burns more calories than he receives from food. If such an imbalance is observed after each lesson, and training occurs daily, it is natural that the reason for the delay in menstruation lies precisely in the incorrect daily routine. In order for the menstrual cycle to improve, it is necessary to provide the teenager with adequate rest and nutrition, moderate exercise and a gentle training schedule.
Emotional instability
Starting from the age of 13, girls experience a psycho-emotional turn in development, which is associated with physiological changes in the body. The girl begins to perceive herself as a woman, becomes interested in individuals of the opposite sex, and criticizes her. An additional factor affecting the emotionality of a teenager is unstable hormonal levels, which can malfunction due to any stress, physical activity, or even a simple quarrel with peers. All these emotional changes can cause your period to arrive significantly late. To solve the problem, you may need not only a consultation with a gynecologist, but also the help of a psychotherapist. A way out of this situation may be to take sedatives, breathing exercises and proper daily routine.
Hormonal imbalance
During the first two years after menarche, hormonal imbalances and delayed periods may occur regularly. They can be provoked unbalanced diet, emotional shock and others external factors, including climate change and wrong mode day.
In adolescence, due to the reasons listed above, the level of female sex hormones - estrogen and progesterone - can sharply increase, which leads not only to a prolonged absence of menstruation, but also to other unpleasant symptoms:
- pain in the lower abdomen and lower back;
- your head may hurt;
- nausea and dizziness appear;
- the girl may faint.
Reason hormonal imbalance can be long-term treatment antibiotics, which led to insufficient production of hormones by the pituitary gland. To eliminate such a violation, the gynecologist can prescribe an appointment hormonal drugs or homeopathic remedies.
Very often, during adolescence, a sharp release of male sex hormones can occur, which also leads to a delay in menstruation. Treatment in this case is also carried out with hormonal drugs in a dosage that is selected for each teenager individually.
Diseases of the genitourinary system
If delays in menstruation in a teenage girl begin to occur regularly, they may be caused by diseases of the genitourinary system. It could be like inflammatory processes, and infection pathogenic microflora. Inflammations can affect various organs child, if pathogenic flora is in the vagina, vaginitis is diagnosed, in bladder– cystitis, if the uterine mucosa is affected, this is endometritis, and if pathogens enter the renal pelvis pyelonephritis occurs.
If a girl experiences pathological symptoms, for example, pain in the lower abdomen, weakness and increased fatigue, apathy, and fever, these are the main signs of problems with the pelvic organs. In this case, immediate medical attention is required.
For staging accurate diagnosis and appointments adequate treatment The gynecologist may prescribe blood and urine tests, as well as an ultrasound of the pelvic organs. The course of treatment may include antibiotics, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as hormonal therapy.
Other factors
There are a number of other reasons that can cause a delay in menstruation in adolescents; these factors, although less common, can still provoke a failure menstrual cycle:
- heredity. Irregular cycle may be a physiological feature of the body if the same malfunctions are typical for close female relatives;
- congenital anomalies or deviations in the development of the pelvic organs;
- tumors in the brain. The tumor can disrupt the normal functioning of the pituitary gland, which produces hormones necessary for a regular menstrual cycle;
- underweight. Low weight causes decreased estrogen production and delayed sexual development;
- oligomenorrhea (secondary amenorrhea). This pathological condition, in which the duration of the menstrual cycle greatly increases, and menstruation appears once every few months. This pathology requires compulsory treatment, as it can cause infertility in adulthood. A timely prescribed course of hormonal medications will help get rid of the problem;
- harmful tendencies. Teenage girls who smoke, drink alcohol and use drugs, very often experience disruptions in the menstrual cycle;
- beginning of sexual activity. If the girl began to live intimate life, then the cause of the delay may well be pregnancy. It is advisable for parents to begin sex education for their daughter in advance, so that the child knows about the available methods of contraception and knows how to apply them in practice. Parents must also provide their daughter full information about the consequences of early sexual intercourse, so that she understands that sexual life is not only a pleasant sensation, but also a great responsibility for her health.
When the cycle returns to normal
Parents, starting from 8-9 years old, should be very attentive to their daughter if over the years there are no changes in her appearance according to the female type, and anger and aggression predominate in her behavior or, conversely, complete apathy, in such cases it is necessary to seek help from a gynecologist and endocrinologist.
If a girl’s first menstruation has already passed, and the second is delayed by 1-1.5 months, this is normal, and there is no need to worry too much about this, but if there is no second menstruation for more than six months or the duration of the discharge varies widely (1 cycle lasts a week , and in another it does not reach 3 days), you should immediately consult a doctor.
If a girl under 14 years of age has not developed secondary sexual characteristics (body hair does not grow, breasts do not enlarge, there is no menstruation), the teenager is diagnosed with amenorrhea. The same pathology is diagnosed when a girl has all the signs of puberty, and her critical days have never come at the age of 16.
In medical practice for adolescence, it is not customary to establish certain norms for the duration and regularity of the cycle, but most often the menstrual cycle is normalized a maximum of 2 years after menarche. If your period is delayed by up to 45 days during the first two years of your cycle, there is no need to panic, but a medical consultation in this case will not hurt.
What to do
Parents of teenage girls should know what to do if their daughter's menstrual cycle is irregular:
- adjust your diet, remove it from it harmful products(crab sticks, crackers, soda, chips, etc.), add more vegetables, fruits and vitamin complexes for teenagers;
- reduce the level of intellectual and physical stress;
- do not allow stressful situations for the child;
- take frequent walks together in the fresh air;
- review your child’s routine, be sure to ensure that the girl has full and healthy sleep.
During puberty, many internal and external changes occur in a girl’s body; she needs to learn to perceive herself in a new status. In some cases, the help of a psychologist may be needed.
If a girl misses her period and still has severe pain in the lower abdomen, you cannot self-medicate, you should definitely seek help from a gynecologist, perhaps the cause of the delay was not banal hypothermia, but a serious infection in the genitourinary tract or polycystic ovaries caused by problems in the endocrine system. It is best to identify the pathology in a timely manner and undergo necessary treatment so that later in adult life the girl does not have problems conceiving and bearing healthy offspring.
The onset of menstruation for a girl is not the most joyful event. You have to give up your usual activities, your well-being changes. But if for some reason there is a delay in menstruation, many begin to panic. Why is this happening? Let's figure out what to do in this situation.
The formed menstrual cycle lasts 21-36 days. The first two years after menarche (first menstruation) the cyclicity is just developing, changes occur in the girl’s body, so the interval between menstruation can increase or decrease. If bloody issues come every month at large intervals, then there is no need to worry. It is considered a violation to stop menstruation for more than six months.
To know what to do if the cyclicity is violated, you must first determine the cause of the delay:
- physiology;
- state nervous system, emotional condition;
- hormones;
- intense physical exercise;
- eating disorders;
- climate change;
- sudden weight gain or loss;
- injuries or defects of the genital organs.
Bringing the psychological state back to normal
Menstrual irregularities are closely associated with emotional state. Loads in schools and additional classes, worries about the opposite sex, conflicts with parents and peers lead to stressful situations. The teenage body reacts sharply to such changes and includes protective function. This may cause a delay in menstruation.
You need to devote more time to activities that bring you pleasure, find a hobby that will distract you from troubles.
Try to get plenty of rest, sleep at least 8-10 hours a day, and night sleep must be allocated at least 6 hours.
Restoring hormonal balance
IN adolescence The girl is undergoing a process of restructuring her hormonal levels. The hormone estrogen is actively produced - it is responsible for the onset of ovulation and the onset of menstruation. If there is a lack of hormones in the teenager’s body, then the next menstruation may not begin on time.
If a girl suspects a hormonal malfunction, then a visit to the gynecologist cannot be postponed. Why the delay occurs will be determined by the doctor, who will prescribe medications. Usually after the course hormone therapy the menstrual cycle is restored.
Rational moderate exercise
Physical activity has a beneficial effect on the development of the body during adolescence. But here it is important to observe moderation - if sports activities deplete the body, then the cyclicity of menstruation is disrupted.
Strength loads on the body should not lead to fatigue, but give a charge of vigor.
During the formation of the menstrual cycle, it is better to postpone physical activity of increased complexity. It is enough to do exercises in the morning and not miss physical education lessons at school.
Proper development
Puberty in girls begins between 8 and 10 years of age. At this time, the body begins to grow rapidly and sexual characteristics appear:
- breast enlargement;
- hair growth on the pubis and armpits;
The process of sexual development lasts about five years. During this period, menstruation appears. At 15-16 years old, a girl is considered sexually mature. If menarche has not arrived before the age of 16, then the reason lies in developmental delay.
It is important to note that in this situation there is no bleeding at all. This disorder is called amenorrhea.
Parents should be the first to sound the alarm if their daughter has not had menarche at age 16. A timely visit to the doctor and identifying the cause will help avoid consequences with conception in the future.
Nutritious food
Teenagers are often unhappy with their appearance and figure, and girls go on a diet. The body stops receiving essential vitamins and microelements. If you don’t start replenishing losses in time, your periods will stop. An additional danger is delayed intellectual development due to a lack of nutrients necessary for the brain.
Obesity can also cause missed periods. In this case proper nutrition and diet will improve the menstrual cycle.
What to do?
- Harmful chips should be replaced with fish, meat, hot dishes, and forget about snacks.
- Vegetables and fruits are required in the diet.
- It is better to eat often, but in small portions.
Lack of hemoglobin is also a cause of lack of menstruation. The problem can be solved by taking iron supplements and folic acid which the doctor will prescribe.
Timely treatment of diseases
The above reasons for delayed menstruation in most cases go away without pain symptoms. If a girl at 13, 14, 15, 16 years old, without menstruation, feels pain in the abdomen or lower back, then it is necessary to visit a gynecologist. Only a doctor after an examination can prescribe treatment - self-medication in this case is dangerous.
Infectious diseases and taking medications can lead to disruption of the cycle - this is another reason why the delay occurred.
Sitting on cold surfaces leads to hypothermia of the genital organs, infectious diseases develop, which is why the cyclicity of menstruation is disrupted. A qualified doctor will help solve all these problems.
Detection and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome
This is a fairly common problem among women and often occurs in adolescence. The disease is a manifestation of serious disturbances in the functioning of the ovaries, pituitary gland and adrenal glands.
The body's production of hormones slows down and the menstrual cycle may stop or not start at all. If you start treatment on time, you can avoid infertility at an older age.
Eliminating other factors
There are cases when a girl has a delay in menstruation due to heredity. This is not a disease or disorder, but refers to physiological characteristics body.
Traveling to the sea or traveling to other countries can lead to disruption of the cycle. At the beach, after swimming, you should always change into dry clothes to avoid hypothermia. Smoking and drinking alcohol should be completely avoided.
Pregnancy as a cause of delayed menstruation should not be ignored. Girls go through puberty faster than boys. Sex life can lead to pregnancy even at 14 years of age. Parents in this situation should not stand aside, but notice changes as early as possible and take the girl to a gynecologist.
If a teenage girl has no periods at all or the menstrual cycle is irregular, then there is no need to independently look for the cause of the delay. At the first suspicion of a deviation from the norm, you need to make an appointment with a gynecologist who will tell you why the delay occurred. With the arrival of the first menstruation, every girl should regularly visit a gynecologist.
Why a delay in menstruation at 14 years old today worries a fairly large number of both girls and their parents. As for the initial onset of menstruation, it is most often recorded at the age of 12-13 years. This period may differ based on the characteristics of each organism, as well as on how developed the girl’s reproductive system is.
While the girl’s body begins to actively restructure itself, she experiences hormonal instability, which at first may affect the regularity of menstruation, as well as the abundance of discharge. Consequently, if a girl observes a delay in her periods, then this begins to worry her as much as her parents, since the reproductive system is a complex complex that can react significantly to even the most minor deviations from the norm.
When a teenage girl's period is late
Menstruation in a young girl is considered to be delayed only if its manifestations are not observed for at least 2 months. Therefore, if you observe such a phenomenon in yourself, then you should definitely seek advice from a gynecologist who will conduct all examinations and take tests, which will help to effectively determine the cause of the condition. After this, the doctor will be able to make a prescription and eliminate the problem of lack of menstruation in a teenage girl.
The main reasons for delayed menstruation at the stage of its formation:
- improper diet;
- physical and moral overload;
- infectious diseases;
- pathologies of the endocrine system;
- constant or very strong single stress;
- change in climatic conditions;
- obesity or dystrophy;
- problems with metabolic processes in a woman’s body;
- postoperative conditions of the reproductive or urinary organs;
- genetic pathologies.
Menstrual flow may be delayed due to the fact that in the first two years after the start of menstruation, the flow is unstable. Also, accompanying factors can play a key role here, for example, overheating or hypothermia of the body.
As for such a complex as the “fat complex,” this is a common phenomenon among teenage girls. Consequently, they can resort to a variety of diets. Which also affects such a phenomenon as the biological menstrual cycle.
Adolescents are strongly attracted to bad habits at this age, which also affects the course of menstruation and the phenomenon of its delay or complete absence. Therefore, a healthy lifestyle is what is needed to restore the natural process of blood loss.
It is also worth noting here that if a girl is already 14-15 years old, and she has never had menstruation, then this is a direct reason to consult a gynecologist. Only an experienced specialist will be able to determine the reason for such absence and recommend correct treatment pathology.
The main reasons for delayed periods at 14 years old
When a young woman’s body enters the phase of puberty, each month is determined by a biological process such as menstruation. However, as noted earlier, the first two years the phenomenon may be irregular, which is due to the development of unstable hormonal levels.
Thus, based on this, in order to restore the menstrual cycle as much as possible during this period, it is necessary to exclude the following provoking factors: negative factors:
- excess weight;
- anorexia;
- inflammatory processes or pathologies of ENT organs;
- endocrine pathologies;
- hormonal instability;
- unbalanced diet, which contains very few vitamins and microelements;
- sleep deficiency;
- stressful situations;
- excessive physical overload;
- genetic predisposition.
However, only a highly qualified gynecologist can tell why your period may be delayed after a thorough examination and taking all tests.
As for the main biological process, then during puberty and the menstrual cycle the follicle matures, in which the egg matures. Thus, if such a process is delayed, then menstruation is usually delayed. It is worth noting that if the delay is long and about a couple of weeks after menstruation you can observe very scanty discharge, then this may indicate that the girl has some kind of pathology of the ovaries or other organs of the reproductive system.
If we consider a factor such as stress, then this condition can affect the course of the menstrual cycle. Just like physical activity, moral stress during puberty should be reduced to a minimum. Only under this condition will the formation of the reproductive system proceed correctly without delays or other problems.
As for the phenomenon of obesity, such a factor interferes with the normal functioning of not only the reproductive organs, but also the entire body as a whole. Consequently, excess weight disrupts hormonal levels and metabolic processes in a woman’s body, which is reflected by a certain delay in such a phenomenon as menstruation.
Today, the age at which young women have first sexual intercourse is early. This means that pregnancy can occur at the age of 14. Thus, the mother must have a preventive conversation with her daughter, during which it is necessary to discuss the dangers of promiscuity, as well as basic means of contraception. It is important to establish a trusting relationship so that if problems arise with delayed menstruation or an unplanned pregnancy, your daughter can turn to you without fear of being misunderstood.
Basic steps to restore the menstrual cycle in adolescents
Why a delay in menstruation at the age of 14 can be observed in teenage girls today worries a large number of specialists, children and their parents. Therefore, in order for the cycle to recover as much as possible, it is necessary to consider the following basic principles of correct and healthy image life of a young representative of the fair sex.
Proper development
As noted earlier, proper ripening female body due to the fact that at the age of about fourteen years a girl begins the phenomenon of menstruation. This period is also due to the following main manifestations of proper maturation:
- significant enlargement of the mammary glands;
- vegetation increases hairline in the pubic area and under the arms.
Thus, the period lasts approximately five years and at this time the phenomenon of menstrual bleeding is observed for the first time. It is important to note here that if menstruation was not observed during this period of time, then this is a pathology that requires urgent medical intervention.
First of all, when complete absence menstruation, the girl's parents should panic. Mandatory consultation with a doctor cannot be postponed. This is due to the fact that such a delay in examination may result in infertility or other complex diseases in the future.
Balanced diet
In order for a girl’s body to grow and develop correctly, it is necessary that it receives mandatory composition vitamins and microelements. Therefore, the deficiency may be a direct cause of delayed menstruation during adolescence. Such a deficiency may result in the child’s growth retardation or mental development. This is due to the fact that the girl’s brain will not receive the required amount of nutrients.
Thus, it is necessary to exclude unhealthy foods from the diet, for example, chips and crackers. Meat and fish must be present in daily diet teenager As for the frequency of meals, the girl should eat fractionally and in small portions.
Worth taking general analysis blood and determine hemoglobin level. This is necessary to determine whether this deficiency is the cause of delayed menstruation. Iron is an essential element that forms proper menstruation.
Maximum timely elimination of pathologies and various inflammatory processes
As for the factors that were considered, they occur without certain pain symptoms. But, as for such situations, when a girl notices pain in the lumbar region or lower abdomen in the absence of menstruation, it is necessary to contact a gynecologist for timely consultation. This is due to the fact that a delay in menstruation is already alarming symptom, especially if it is accompanied by pain or other negative manifestations.
If the girl got sick infectious disease or took antibiotics, this may also be the reason why menstruation is absent for a single month.
The girl needs to take into account that her feet, especially in the cold season, must always be warm. Consequently, hypothermia can cause not only a delay in menstruation, but also cause pathologies not only reproductive organs, but also the whole organism as a whole.
Polycystic ovary syndrome
This pathology is common today among young females. First of all, it is associated with hormonal imbalance, which can be corrected by taking hormonal medications, which should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor. It is important to understand here that self-medication is not best method eliminating pathology. It is also worth noting that if more than one year passes and the pathology is not eliminated, then in this case the girl as an adult may face such unpleasant problem like infertility.
Other causes and their elimination
You can often encounter a situation where a delay in menstruation in adolescence is directly related to genetic predisposition. However, in some cases the condition does not need to be treated, since the pathology is part of a physiological process and does not cause negative consequences.
As for changing climatic conditions, this can also affect the course and duration of menstruation. It is important to exclude during this period bad habits or other negative factors affecting the regularity of menstrual flow.
Thus, to summarize, it is worth noting that if a girl at the age of fourteen is faced with a problem such as delayed menstruation, then she should definitely consult a doctor to establish the true cause of this condition, as well as to clearly identify all the ways to eliminate the pathology.
