Yoga against emphysema. Treatment of emphysema at home

Among existing nonspecific lung diseases, emphysema is a fairly common type of illness. The disease occurs as a result of severe stretching of the pulmonary alveoli and loss of their ability to contract. As a result of the lack necessary treatment Heart failure may develop.

The need for breathing exercises for emphysema

Since the lung tissue loses elasticity during the disease, during the breathing process problems arise with the quality of exhalation: a significant volume of air remains in the stretched alveoli, to remove which the chest is artificially compressed and its mobility increases. A complex of breathing exercises for pulmonary emphysema allows you to qualitatively strengthen the exhalation phase. Also, we must not forget about traditional methods treatments we wrote about.

Principles of therapeutic exercises for emphysema

In order to improve gas exchange, breathing with normal air alternates with inhaling air containing a relatively small amount of oxygen. The procedure lasts 5 minutes, the number of approaches per session is no more than seven. The duration is therapeutic exercises for emphysema it is 3 weeks.

Set of exercises

To make the patient feel better, the following exercises are used:

1. Breathing is performed while lying down. The exhalation is extended as much as possible by pressing the hands on the chest and abdomen. Number of approaches – 8 – 10 times.
2. You need to lie down with your hands folded under your back. From the starting position you need to sit down and lean forward with your hands. At the same time, exhalation actively deepens due to springy repeated bends.
3. The exercise is done while sitting. You should breathe deeply, alternating a normal inhalation with a maximally deep exhalation. Repeat 6 – 7 times.
4. The lesson is carried out standing, arms raised up. Exhaling deeply, you need to alternately pull your knees towards chest(each leg 5 times).
5. As you exhale, the vowel sounds “o”, “a”, “i”, “u” are pronounced very loudly and protractedly.
6. In a standing position (hands on hips), spring bends to the sides (5 times each). The movements are accompanied by deep exhalations.
7. The exercise is performed standing, legs spread apart. Breathing is calm and even. It is necessary to rise on your toes, while simultaneously extending your arms bent at the elbows.
8. Hands raised up, legs brought together. Performed while standing. You need to bend down and crouch, as if preparing to jump. The arms are pulled back as far as possible, the exhalation is sharp and deep. Performed 5 – 6 times.
9. It is necessary to walk for 2–4 minutes in a measured rhythm. You should breathe evenly and deeply.
10. The exercise is performed while sitting. You need to completely relax and breathe calmly, focusing on exhalation.

Other types of breathing exercises can be taken from and.

Regularly performing such a complex of breathing exercises will help not only ease the course of emphysema, but also significantly improve general state health of a sick person.

Emphysema. The disease is associated with expansion of the alveoli, atrophy of the alveolar septa, and decreased elasticity lung tissue. Constant symptoms this disease - shortness of breath, cough. Physiotherapy helps improve breathing (especially exhalation), increase the mobility of the diaphragm, strengthen the intercostal muscles, as well as the abdominal muscles.

Conventions used in the text: IP - initial position; TM - tempo slow; TS - average pace.

1. Walking in place with changing tempo. 30 sec. Breathing is uniform.

2. IP - standing, arms to the sides. Turns the body left and right. TM. 6-8 times in each direction.

3. IP - standing, hands on the belt. Tilts left and right. TS. 5-7 times in each direction.

4. IP - standing. Arms to the sides - inhale, bend the torso forward, clasping the chest - exhale. TS. 4-6 times.

5. IP - standing, hands on the belt. Straighten right leg, hands forward - inhale; return to IP - exhale. TS. 5-7 times with each leg.

6. IP - sitting. Move your arms to the sides - inhale, bend forward - exhale. TM. 4-6 times.

7. IP - standing, hands on the belt. Tilts left and right. TS. 5-7 times in each direction.

8. IP - hands to shoulders. Rotate your arms back and forth. 5-8 times in each direction. TS.

9. IP - standing with your left side near the chair. Tilts left to right. TS. 4-6 times in each direction.

10. IP - standing. Take away left leg back, arms up - inhale; return to IP - exhale. The same with the other leg. TS. 5-7 times with each leg.

11. IP - standing. Hands up - inhale; tilting the head, shoulders (arms down) - exhale. TM. 4-6 times.

12. IP - sitting. Hands to shoulders - inhale; lower your elbows, bend forward - exhale. TM. 4-6 times.

13. IP - standing. Hands up - inhale; sit down - exhale. TM. 5-7 times.

14. IP - standing, gymnastic stick behind. Pulling your arms back; while bending over. TM. 4-6 times. Breathing is uniform.

15. IP - standing bent over, arms forward. Turns the body left and right. TS. 5-7 times in each direction.

16. IP - standing, hands up. Bend forward. TM. 4-6 times.

17. Walking around the room for 30-60 seconds.

Pulmonary emphysema is a disease affecting the respiratory tract, which is characterized by a pathological increase in the air space of the bronchioles, accompanied by changes in the walls of the alveoli of a destructive morphological nature. Emphysema is one of the most common forms of non-specific and chronic illness pulmonary system.

Factors that are responsible for the occurrence of emphysema are divided into 2 groups:

• Factors that impair the strength and elasticity of the lungs (congenital alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, tobacco smoke, nitrogen oxides, cadmium, dust particles in space). These factors cause primary emphysema, during which pathological restructuring of the respiratory part of the lungs begins. Because of these changes, during exhalation the pressure on the small bronchi increases, which under its influence passively fall (merge and form bullae), thereby increasing the pressure in the alveoli. High blood pressure in the alveoli occurs due to increased bronchial resistance during exhalation. It is worth noting that after such changes, the patency of the bronchi when inhaling air is not impaired in any way.
• Factors that increase the stretching of the alveolar ducts, alveoli and respiratory bronchioles (are the cause of secondary emphysema). Most dangerous factor occurrence is the presence of chronic obstructive bronchitis (bronchitis and asthma), even tuberculosis, which can develop due to long-term smoking, polluted air, specific professional activity(this category includes construction workers, miners, workers in the metallurgical and pulp industries, coal miners, workers railway, people associated with the processing of cotton and grain), adenoviruses and lack of vitamin C in the body.

Forms of pulmonary emphysema:

1. 1 diffuse – goes complete damage lung tissue;
2. 2 bullous - diseased (swollen) areas are located close to healthy parts of the lungs.

Symptoms of emphysema:

• shortness of breath, suffocation;
• the chest takes the shape of a barrel;
• the spaces between the ribs are widened;
• bulging collarbones;
• swollen face (especially under the eyes and in the bridge of the nose);
• cough with hard sputum, the strength of which increases with physical activity;
• to ease breathing, the patient raises his shoulders, which gives the impression that he has short neck;
• "pant";
• when taking an x-ray, the lung fields in the image will be excessively transparent;
• weak, quiet breathing;
• low-moving diaphragm;
• bluish nails, lips;
• thickening of the nail plate (nails become like drumsticks over time);
• Heart failure may occur.

If you have emphysema, you should be wary of any infectious diseases. So, due to a weakened bronchopulmonary system, they can quickly develop into chronic ones. When the first symptoms of an infectious disease appear, treatment must be started immediately.

Useful foods for emphysema

1. 1 cereal crops;
2. 2 raw vegetables and fruits (especially seasonal ones) - zucchini, carrots, broccoli, pumpkin, tomatoes, bell peppers, all leafy vegetables and citrus fruits;
3. 3 sugar and sweets must be replaced with dried fruits (prunes, figs, raisins, dried apricots);
4. 4 seafood;
5. 5 seriously ill patients need to adhere to a protein diet and focus on cottage cheese, legumes, lean meats and fish;
6. 6 herbal teas from currants, linden, rose hips, hawthorn.

Portions should not be large; it is better to eat less at a time, but more often. This is due to the fact that as the volume of the lungs increases, the volume of the stomach becomes smaller (therefore, eating a large amount of food will create discomfort in the stomach).

Traditional medicine:

• Physiotherapy, which helps improve lung function.
  Exercise 1– stand straight, place your feet shoulder-width apart, blow out your stomach and inhale at the same time. Place your hands in front of you, bend over and at the same time draw in your stomach and exhale.
  Exercise 2– lying on your back, place your hands on your stomach and inhale, hold your breath for a few seconds, then exhale deeply, while massaging your stomach.
  Exercise 3– get up, spread your legs shoulder-width apart, place your hands on your belt, take short, jerky exhalations.
  The duration of each exercise should be at least 5 minutes, repeated regularly – 3 times a day.
• good coach respiratory organs are hiking, skiing, swimming.
• Every morning is necessary rinse your nose cool water. It is very important to constantly breathe through your nose (switching to mouth breathing is strictly prohibited - such actions can lead to heart failure).
• Oxygen therapy– inhalations with a high oxygen content, which can be done at home. You can use a simple substitute for these inhalations - the “grandmother’s” method - boil potatoes in their skins and inhale their steam (you should be extremely careful not to get facial burns from the hot steam).
• Aromatherapy. Add a couple of drops essential oil into water and heat in an aroma lamp. The patient needs to inhale the steam that will appear. You can use chamomile, lavender, eucalyptus, bergamot, and frankincense oils. This procedure repeat three times a day until the disease disappears.
• Drink decoctions and infusions from chamomile, coltsfoot, centaury, scolopendra foliage, buckwheat and linden flowers, marshmallow and licorice roots, sage leaves, mint, anise fruits, flax seeds.
• Massage– helps in the separation and removal of sputum. Acupressure is considered the most effective.

Before starting treatment, the first thing you need to do is quit smoking!

A common form of nonspecific disease of the lower respiratory tract is pulmonary emphysema. The disease often develops after chronic obstructive bronchitis. Connective tissue, lining the respiratory organs from the inside, loses its elasticity, gradually changing into fibrous. The lungs stop contracting fully, their size begins to increase, this condition leads to.

The chest is almost motionless, breathing becomes shallow. Particularly dangerous is the inadequate supply of oxygen to the blood; carbon dioxide is difficult to remove from the body. This pathology causes acute heart failure.

Important! Doctors recommend performing special procedures for pulmonary emphysema. breathing exercises, which help to increase internal ventilation of the pulmonary alveoli, reduce symptoms of shortness of breath, and form the muscles of the respiratory organs.

Breathing exercises is a combination of gymnastic exercises and breathing techniques that help strengthen the muscles of the abs, back, and intercostal area. Helps improve muscle coordination, conscious observation of one’s own breathing improves overall well-being.

Gymnastic exercises will be useful and healthy person, will help improve vitality and minimize the symptoms of oxygen starvation.

Why do you need breathing exercises?

Respiratory failure with pulmonary emphysema develops due to insufficient oxygen intake and removal of carbon dioxide from the body. Gymnastic exercises are primarily aimed at preventing emergence this state. When tasks are performed correctly, the lung muscles begin to contract rhythmically. The patient's shortness of breath disappears.

The main feature of the disease– residual air remains after exhalation, leading to a deterioration in gas exchange. Gymnastics is aimed at achieving the following goals:

• teach how to correctly inhale and exhale with concentration;
• train long exhalation;
• improve the process of gas exchange in the lungs;
• teach to breathe with the diaphragm, this promotes effective gas exchange;
• bring it back to normal psycho-emotional state patient with emphysema;
• strengthen the muscles involved in the breathing process;
• teach how to control breathing at home while doing physical work.

Fact! Gymnastic exercises help compensate for inconsistencies that have arisen and help a person learn to breathe regularly in conditions of reduced lung functionality.

Medical professionals recommend alternating exercises with rest pauses during breathing exercises. The body of a sick person has difficulty accepting physical exercise , shortness of breath begins, gymnastic tasks are carried out in small dosages.

The quality of breathing exercises largely depends on the starting position taken by the patient with pulmonary emphysema. The efficiency and success of completed tasks depends on this. Doctors have determined that the best results are achieved when patients do exercises using the “lying” and “standing” positions. Then the activity of the respiratory organs is most favorable.

Proper breathing exercises lead to:

• increased lung volume;
• patient education proper breathing;
• treatment of various diseases;
• improving the quality of life;
• formation of stable immunity;
• revitalization protective functions body;
• increasing vitality.

A set of special exercises

Static exercises:

1. Pronouncing consonant sounds while exhaling (3-4 minutes). Sit comfortably on a chair with a backrest. This position automatically lengthens the exhalation, the sternum begins to vibrate, this leads to a cough and the removal of phlegm from the lungs. This exercise helps to train the time of inhalation and exhalation.
2. Breathing with a long exhalation. Repeat up to 6 times. The task is performed in a sitting position. It is necessary to exhale very strongly and at the same time try to count as many numbers as possible. This task involves pressing on the sternum area with your hands while exhaling.
3. Pronouncing hard vowel sounds “o”, “a”, “i”, “u” at the moment of exhalation (3-4 minutes). The task is carried out using a standing position. Vowel sounds are pronounced very loudly and drawn out. At this stage, they try to lengthen the exhalation.
4. Breath diaphragmatic region. Repeat up to 7 times. Count “one, two, three” and take a deep breath. The chest expands, tuck the stomach deeper into yourself. Exhale at “four”, the chest will drop, the stomach will stick out.

Each dynamic exercise listed below is recommended to be repeated 6 times:

1. Lying position, bending the body forward. Lie down on a hard surface, breathe in the air, top part raise your torso, bend forward as much as possible, upper limbs bring it back, exhale.
2. Push-ups using the “lying on your back” position. Bend your lower limbs at the knees and clasp them with your hands. Take a strong breath. Exhale using the diaphragm, simultaneously protruding your stomach and straightening lower limbs.
3. Rotation using the "sitting on a stool" position. Try to spread your knees as wide as possible to the sides. Raise your arms to chest level, elbows apart, place your hands at chin level. Inhale, rotate to the left, exhale and return to the starting position. Then inhale, turn to the right, exhaling, return to the starting position.
4. Stretching using a standing position. Stretch your arms up, trying at this moment to move them back a little, take a breath. Turn your head and look at your hands. Synchronously with exhalation, lower your upper limbs, bend your right leg at the knee, clasp it with your hands and pull it as high as possible towards the chest.
5. Walking. Performs for at least 3 minutes. If physical state allows the patient to complete the task, then walking up the stairs contributes to a rapid improvement in overall well-being. After inhaling, the patient rises 2 steps up, and exhaling, climbs another 4 steps up.

Fact! While performing this task, you should carefully monitor the rhythm of your breathing and its depth.

If it is not possible to climb the stairs, then the task is performed as follows: inhaling, walk 4 steps, exhaling – 8 steps, i.e. twice as much. After a week of systematically completing this task, it is supplemented by inhaling by raising your arms up, and exhaling by lowering your arms down.

Attention! Gymnastic tasks, during which small and medium muscle groups are involved in the work, are repeated 3-6 times, when large muscle groups are involved - 1-3 times, special exercises - 3.4 times. In all cases the pace should be slow.

1. Walking, breathing rhythmically: inhale – 2 steps, exhale – 4 steps.
2. Lie on your stomach. Bend in lumbar region spine, parallel to raising the lower limbs, head and inhaling. Exhaling, return to the starting position, relax all muscles.
3. Take a “standing” position, place your upper limbs on bottom part sternum. Inhale and rise on your toes, exhaling - lower yourself onto your entire foot, squeezing your sternum with your hands.
4. Sit on a low bench, spread your upper limbs to the sides. Turn the upper body alternately in opposite directions: one side implies a strong inhalation, the other - exhalation.
5. Take a “sitting on a chair” position, lean on the back, and inhale. Place your hands on your stomach. At the moment of deep exhalation, pull your stomach in and press on it with your hands.
6. Take a “sitting on a chair” pose, lean on the back, fold your hands on your stomach. Inhaling, move your elbows back as far as possible; while exhaling deeply, bring your elbows together and press your fingertips onto the walls of your abdomen.
7. Take a “lying on your back” pose. Breathe through the diaphragm, gradually increasing the duration of exhalation.
8. Take a “lying on your back” pose. Exhaling, bend your knees, clasp them with your hands, press them as close as possible to your chest; inhaling - return to the original state.
9. Take a “lying on your back” pose. Exhaling, sit down, bend forward as much as possible, reaching your toes with your fingertips; inhaling - return to the original state.

Breathing exercises: video

Video instruction of gymnastics:

Principles of therapeutic exercises

Gymnastic exercises for emphysema can be performed even when the attending physician recommends bed or semi-bed rest. In this case, the patient lies on the bed or takes a sitting position on the bed, chair, always leaning on his elbows. Ideally, the exercises are performed standing.

Fact! The gymnastic complex of breathing exercises is expiratory, i.e. The tasks performed provide the patient with a full, high-quality breath of air, help strengthen the muscles of the peritoneum and torso, and allow the formation of chest mobility.

Medical professionals advise adhering to the following principles when performing a special set of breathing exercises:

1. The tasks are performed daily, 4.5 times, lasting 16-20 minutes. The room must be ventilated beforehand.
2. When performing tasks, pay attention to the rhythm of breathing; it should always be the same.
3. Individual exercises are performed at least 3 times.
4. The duration of exhalation should be longer than inhalation.
5. Rushing through tasks can be harmful, as can overexerting yourself.
6. By doing breathing tasks the pace should be average.
7. It is forbidden to hold your breath.
8. For better work The diaphragm should be inhaled through pursed lips and exhaled through the nasal cavity.
9. It is forbidden to take quick breaths, since the alveoli of the lungs in this case quickly stretch.
10. The complex consists of 2 types of exercises: static and dynamic.
11. In case of pulmonary emphysema, breathing exercises always begin with static tasks, which during execution are always alternated with elements of dynamic exercises and pauses for rest.
12. People with this diagnosis are advised to follow healthy image life: walk for a long time, swim, give up harmful products food, smoking, alcoholic beverages.
13. An annual stay in spring or autumn on the sea coast, for example, in Crimea, is mandatory. In summer, during the hot period, it is undesirable to relax at sea.

Important! You should not allow tasks to be missed, as this may delay the results obtained.

Daily special breathing exercises help a patient with pulmonary emphysema to alleviate the severe course of the disease and help improve overall well-being. Systematic completion of tasks helps achieve positive result in a minimum period of time, helps to fix the result for a long time.

The presented type of therapy will have a beneficial effect not only on the patient’s lungs, but also on the entire body as a whole. However, in order for the exercises to give the expected result, it is necessary to find out their specifics and rules of implementation.

Set of exercises

Therapeutic exercises for pulmonary emphysema have many options. Doctors - therapists and rehabilitation specialists - highlight the following as the most effective.

Lying push-ups:

1. Starting position: lying on your stomach, arms bent.
2. As you inhale, raise your arms, stretching your body up as much as possible, lifting your head.
3. As you exhale, return to the starting position.

Lying on your back:

1. Starting position: lying on your back, lower back pressed firmly to the floor, legs and arms extended along the body.
2. As you inhale, pull your legs towards your chest as much as possible, clasping them with your arms.
3. As you exhale, inflate your stomach as much as possible and straighten your legs.

Number of repetitions: 7 times. Break between sets: 5 seconds.

1. Starting position: sitting on a chair, knees apart, elbows at chest level, hands folded under the chin.
2. As you inhale, turn your body to the left.
3. As you exhale, return to the starting position.
4. Make a right turn.

Number of repetitions: 10 times on each side. Break between approaches: 5-7 seconds.

1. Starting position: back straight, arms slightly pulled back and extended upward as much as possible, feet pressed firmly to the floor.
2. As you inhale, look at your outstretched arms. Extending your spine as much as possible, rise onto your toes.
3. While exhaling, return to the starting position.
4. Bend your right leg at the knee, pulling it as close to your chest as possible.
5. Repeat the exercise for your left leg.

Number of repetitions: 10 times for each leg. Break between approaches: 5-7 seconds.

To clarify the specifics of performing the exercises, you can consult a rehabilitation doctor or use special video lessons.

It is important to remember that if any discomfort occurs in the chest area, you must stop performing a set of exercises for pulmonary emphysema until the condition improves.

Breathing exercises

During lung therapy, special attention must be paid to breathing techniques. Static training will help not only saturate the body with oxygen, but also increase the elasticity of the smooth muscles of the affected organ. Breathing exercises for emphysema include a number of simple, but at the same time effective exercises, helping to achieve a period of remission as soon as possible.

The presented complex looks like this.

Pronunciation of vowel sounds:

1. Starting position: sitting on a chair, back straight, hands on your knees.
2. Take a deep breath.
3. As you exhale, begin to pronounce one of the vowel sounds, stretching it as much as possible.

It is recommended to spend 2 to 3 minutes a day on this exercise. This option stimulates the removal of phlegm from the lungs, and also develops in the patient the skill of controlling the intensity and duration of inhalations and exhalations. The presented exercise can be repeated when pronouncing consonants.

1. Starting position: sitting on a chair, back straight, arms extended along the body.
2. Take an extremely deep breath. For maximum effect, apply gentle pressure to your chest. Stay in the presented position for 10 seconds.
3. After the required time has passed, exhale all the collected air from your lungs.

Number of repetitions: 6 times. Break between approaches: 5-7 seconds.

The presented exercise helps increase lung capacity and supply the body with the necessary oxygen.

1. Starting position: standing position, back as straight as possible, arms extended along the body.
2. On the count of 3, take a deep breath, drawing in your stomach as much as possible.
3. On the 4th count, exhale, blowing out your stomach as much as possible.

Number of repetitions: 6 times. Break between sets: 5 seconds.

Thanks to this exercise, the elasticity and capacity of the diaphragm increases.

In order for the exercises to bring the expected improvement in the patient’s condition, they must be performed daily.

Skipping breathing exercises and physical therapy sessions can cancel the previously achieved results.

Performing a set of physical therapy exercises and breathing practices will help achieve positive dynamics in as soon as possible and consolidate the results for a long time. Be healthy!

Breathing exercises for breathing training for emphysema

Breathing exercises are a set of exercises aimed at training the respiratory muscles. It includes both exclusively breathing techniques and exercises that strengthen the abdominal muscles, back intercostal muscles and other muscles involved in breathing. Gymnastics improves muscle coordination, increases a person’s control over their breathing, and promotes better well-being.

Why do you need gymnastics for emphysema?

Gymnastics for emphysema is aimed at alleviating the patient’s condition by compensating for reduced lung functionality with rhythmic muscle contractions.

A distinctive feature of emphysema is the presence of residual air when exhaling. Residual air itself is a factor that significantly impairs gas exchange.

Goals of breathing exercises:

• Training in concentrated inhalation and exhalation;
• long exhalation training;
• development of compensation mechanisms that increase gas exchange in the lungs;
• development of compensatory diaphragmatic breathing;
• strengthening the muscles involved in breathing;
• training in breathing control skills during household physical efforts;
• improvement of psycho emotional state sick.

Principles of therapeutic exercises

When doing breathing exercises, adhere to the following rules:

1. Exercises are done for 15 minutes 4 times a day - more often, but not less often.
2. While doing the exercises, focus on the rhythm of your breathing.
3. Equalize the duration of inhalation and exhalation, lengthening the latter.
4. It is forbidden to strain.
5. You can't hold your breath.
6. Try to stick to an average pace, don't rush.
7. Gymnastics includes static and dynamic exercises.
8. You need to start gymnastics with static exercises.
9. Alternate static and dynamic exercises.

Set of exercises

1. Pronunciation of consonant sounds while exhaling (2-3 min.).

Performed while sitting. Exhalation automatically lengthens, the chest vibrates, stimulating coughing and mucus removal. Thanks to this exercise, patients learn to control the duration of inhalation and exhalation.

1. Breathing with deep exhalation (6 repetitions).

Performed while sitting. Exhale as deeply as possible on the count, trying to count to more. You are allowed to help yourself with your hands, pressing on the chest while exhaling (or do the exercise with an assistant).

1. Pronunciation of vowel sounds while exhaling (2-3 min.).

Performed while standing. Sounds are pronounced loudly. They try to lengthen the exhalation phase.

At the count, a deep breath is taken: the chest is expanded, the stomach is drawn in. On the count of 4, exhale: the chest collapses, the stomach protrudes.

Dynamic exercises (each – 6 repetitions):

The upper part of the body rises and leans forward (exhale). At the moment of tilt, the arms are pulled back.

Bend your legs and clasp your knees with your hands. Take a deep breath. Exhale using the diaphragm (push your stomach out). As you exhale, straighten your legs.

Spread your knees to the sides. Raise your arms to chest level, spread your elbows, and place your hands under your chin. As you inhale, make a turn to the left. As you exhale, return to the starting position. Next, while inhaling, turn to the right. Exhale – starting position.

Raise your arms up and stretch strongly, trying to move your arms a little back. Look at the outstretched arms. At the moment of stretching, an inhalation is made. As you exhale: the arms are lowered, one of the legs is bent at the knee, grabbed with both hands and raised as high as possible to the chest.

It is important to monitor the depth of breathing and rhythm. Exhalation should take 2 times larger steps than inhalation. In the future, with good control of breathing, the exercise can be supplemented by raising (as you inhale) and lowering (as you exhale) your arms.

One of the walking options, if your physical condition allows, is to climb the stairs. On inhalation, 2 steps are overcome, on exhalation – 4.

Strelnikova

The technique developed by A. N. Strelnikova was created by her for the treatment of asthmatics. Its high clinical effectiveness has been confirmed in complex treatment tuberculosis, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, rhinitis, and also as a gymnastic method during the period of postoperative rehabilitation.

Do you have a question or experience regarding this issue? Ask a question or tell us about it in the comments.

diaphragmatic breathing - inhale - stick out your stomach... and as you exhale, pull it in. Squeezing phlegm while lying down: inhale - pull your arms up... as you exhale - press your knees to your chest. The description here is incorrect!

Special therapeutic exercises for pulmonary emphysema will improve the patient's condition!

Emphysema is a chronic disease characterized by enlargement of the alveoli of the lungs, leading to weakening of the alveolar septa, thereby reducing the elasticity of the lung tissue.

Past diseases such as pneumosclerosis and bronchitis lead to emphysema. Also prone to emphysema are people involved in professional music and other professions where they use resistance when exhaling.

Symptoms of emphysema include cough and shortness of breath (lack of air).

What consequences occur if emphysema is not treated?

The disease, emphysema, is a very serious pathology that leads first to pulmonary failure and then to heart problems.

If pulmonary emphysema is not treated, the consequences can be very dire: deterioration of ventilation of the lung tissue - breathing problems - failure of cardio-vascular system- pneumothorax.

It is very important to begin treatment of emphysema from the moment the disease is diagnosed, since only correct treatment And preventive measures will improve the patient's condition.

Goals and objectives of exercise therapy for pulmonary emphysema:

• improve the emotional state of the patient,
• increase the maneuverability of the diaphragm,
• strengthening the intercostal muscles and abdominal wall muscles,
• long exhalation training
• increase ventilation of the lungs,
• learning to breathe correctly during any effort.

In (physical therapy) therapeutic exercises for pulmonary emphysema include diaphragmatic breathing from a position lying on your back, training in proper breathing when performing certain loads from a position lying down, sitting on a chair, training for prolonged exhalation.

Therapeutic exercises for emphysema

Let's perform several exercises while lying on your back:

1. We lie on our backs, arms parallel to the body. Diaphragmatic breathing, while inhaling, inflate the stomach as much as possible, while exhaling, deflate it – 5-6 times.
2. Now the exercise is to flex and extend the feet and hands, one movement - inhale, 4-5 movements - exhale 6-8 times.
3. We place our hands to our shoulders. We lift and spread the elbows to the sides - inhale, then press our hands to the chest - and exhale for a long time 4-6 times.
4. For this exercise, breathing is voluntary, alternately bending and straightening the legs at the knees and hip joints– 6-8 times.
5. Place the palms of the hands on the lower lateral sections of the chest. A short inhalation and a long exhalation, accompanied by pressure with the palms of the chest. We perform this exercise rhythmically – 4-6 times.
6. This exercise is also performed lying down, but the arms are placed parallel to the body. Calm and even breathing, thereby relaxing the chest muscles 6-7 times when exhaling.

We will perform the following exercises on a chair with a back:

1. You need to sit on a chair, leaning on the back, with your arms down. Place your hands on your belt - inhale, then turn your body to the right - exhale, do the same in the opposite direction - repeat 5-6 times.
2. Hands are also placed on the belt - inhale, tilt the torso to the side - exhale, then in the other direction - drink 4-6 times.
3. Hands again on the belt - inhale, now we tilt the body forward, but there is no need to lower the head, we clasp the chest with our hands - long exhale - 4-6 times.
4. Exercise “Coachman Pose”, for this you need to sit on your knees and close your eyes. Exercise to relax all the muscles of the trunk and limbs, even, calm breathing - drink for 1-2 minutes.
5. Now they sat down on the chair again, with their hands down. We begin the exercise by raising our arms to the sides, straightening our legs - inhale, bend our arms to our shoulders, and our legs at both the hip and knee joints– exhaled – again 6-8 times on each leg.
6. The exercise also involves using a chair, with arms extended to the sides. We tilt the torso towards the leg, touch the toe - long exhale - do it 4-6 times.
7. Exercise: standing, feet shoulder-width apart, hands on shoulders, breathing randomly. We begin alternating twisting of the body, first to the right, then to the left - repeat 6-8 times.
8. Your foot must be placed on a chair, your hands on your knees. We bend the torso towards the knees - exhale long, then straighten up - inhale - do this 4-6 times.
9. We perform the exercise while standing, the torso should be at an angle of 40°, legs should be spread shoulder-width apart, hands should be fixed on the belt. Calm inhalation - we protrude the abdominal wall and a long exhalation - while retracting abdominal wall– drink 6-8 times.
10. We sit down on a chair, lean on the back, and put our hands on our belts. Quite calm and even breathing with a moderately long exhalation - trying to relax the chest muscles while inhaling - 8-10 times.
11. An exercise while sitting on a chair to completely relax the muscles of our entire body. On the count of 1-2 - inhale, on the count of 8 - exhale - perform with closed eyes 4-6 times. This exercise should not provoke muscle fatigue; inhalation must be increased carefully.

It is very important to perform exercises regularly, as this will alleviate the course of emphysema, as well as in order to improve the patient’s condition.

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Breathing exercises for emphysema

Find out more about emphysema here.

Why do you need exercise therapy for emphysema?

Emphysema is a disease of the human respiratory system, which is characterized by impaired contraction of the alveoli, as a result of which they overstretch and cannot contract normally. Because of this pathological process oxygen does not enter the blood in normal quantities, and carbon dioxide is poorly excreted. This condition is fraught with the appearance respiratory failure.

Respiratory exercise therapy for lung diseases is primarily aimed at alleviating the patient’s condition - combating shortness of breath and respiratory failure. Exercises are aimed at achieving the following factors:

• Learning to inhale and exhale correctly
• Long exhalation time
• Improving gas exchange in the lungs
• Development of the diaphragmatic type of breathing (this type is better suited for patients with emphysema, since gas exchange occurs more efficiently with it)
• Strengthening the core muscles that are involved in the breathing process
• Breath control training at home
• Normalization of the patient’s mental and emotional state.

During exercise therapy, you should adhere to the following general rules:

• You need to allocate minutes a day to do the exercises at least 3-4 times.
• The rhythm of breathing should always be the same
• Exhalation is always longer than inhalation
• Don’t hold your breath, rush, or overexert yourself.
• Exercises should consist of dynamic and static elements; breathing exercises should always begin with static elements, which alternate with dynamic elements.

Exercises for emphysema

There are many exercise options. Several of them will be described.

The first exercise is stretching while lying down. You need to lie on your stomach and bend your arms. As you inhale, the arms rise up along with the body from a lying position, while the head can also be raised. As you exhale, you need to lie down again in the starting position. Repeat this 5 times, and break between approaches for 5-10 seconds.

The second is stretching while lying on your back. You need to lie on your back, while it should fit snugly to the floor, your arms should be aligned along the body, your legs should lie flat. As you inhale, you should bend your legs as close to yourself as possible and clasp them with your hands. As you exhale, inflate your stomach as much as possible, straighten your legs, and lie down again in the starting position. You need to repeat this 6 times, resting between approaches for no more than five seconds.

An example of an exercise for developing breathing is repetition of vowel sounds. You should sit straight on a chair and relax. Your back should be as straight as possible, and your hands should be placed on your knees. You need to inhale deeply and slowly, and as you exhale, you should repeat any vowel sound slowly and stretching.

Breathing exercises for emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic lung disease characterized by the expansion of small bronchioles (the terminal branches of the bronchi) and the destruction of the partitions between the alveoli. The name of the disease comes from the Greek emphysao - to swell.

How to treat

There is no specific treatment for emphysema. The primary thing is to eliminate the factor predisposing to emphysema (smoking, inhaling gases, toxic substances, treatment chronic diseases respiratory organs).

Drug therapy for pulmonary emphysema is symptomatic. Lifelong use of inhaled and tablet bronchodilators (salbutamol, Berotek, Teopek, etc.) and glucocorticoids (budesonide, prednisolone) is indicated. For cardiac and respiratory failure, oxygen therapy is carried out and diuretics are prescribed. The complex of treatment for pulmonary emphysema includes breathing exercises.

Surgical treatment of pulmonary emphysema involves an operation to reduce lung volume (thoracoscopic bullectomy). The essence of the method comes down to resection of peripheral sections of lung tissue, which causes “decompression” of the rest of the lung. Observations of patients after bullectomy show an improvement in lung functional parameters. Lung transplantation is indicated for patients with pulmonary emphysema.

Folk remedies

• drink green potato tops juice with a daily increase in dose until the volume of juice reaches half a glass;
• inhalation of jacket potato vapors;
• applying pieces of pre-boiled potatoes to the chest.

Herbal infusions:

• Add three tablespoons of buckwheat flowers to 500 ml of boiling water. Infuse the mixture in a thermos for two hours. Take half a glass 3-4 times a day;
• Take one part each of juniper fruit and dandelion root, add two parts of birch leaf to them and pour boiling water over the resulting mixture. The broth is infused for three hours, after which it is filtered and poured into a suitable container. The infusion should be consumed 2-3 times a day. Standard dosage – 1/3 cup;
• a teaspoon of potatoes is poured into a glass of boiling water, left for one hour and filtered. Take half a glass of infusion 40 minutes before meals for one month.

Breathing exercises

In order to improve gas exchange, breathing with normal air alternates with inhaling air containing a relatively small amount of oxygen. The procedure lasts 5 minutes, the number of approaches per session is no more than seven. The duration of such therapeutic exercises for pulmonary emphysema is 3 weeks.

To make the patient feel better, the following exercises are used:

• Breathing is performed while lying down. The exhalation is extended as much as possible by pressing the hands on the chest and abdomen. Number of approaches – 8 – 10 times.
• You need to lie down with your hands folded under your back. From the starting position you need to sit down and lean forward with your hands. At the same time, exhalation actively deepens due to springy repeated bends.
• The exercise is done while sitting. You should breathe deeply, alternating a normal inhalation with a maximally deep exhalation. Repeat 6 – 7 times.
• The lesson is carried out standing, arms raised up. Exhaling deeply, you need to alternately pull your knees towards your chest (5 times with each leg).
• As you exhale, the vowel sounds “o”, “a”, “i”, “u” are pronounced very loudly and protractedly.
• In a standing position (hands on hips), spring bends to the sides (5 times each). The movements are accompanied by deep exhalations.
• The exercise is performed standing, legs spread apart. Breathing is calm and even. It is necessary to rise on your toes, while simultaneously extending your arms bent at the elbows.
• Hands raised up, legs brought together. Performed while standing. You need to bend down and crouch, as if preparing to jump. The arms are pulled back as far as possible, the exhalation is sharp and deep. Performed 5 – 6 times.
• It is necessary to walk for 2–4 minutes in a measured rhythm. You should breathe evenly and deeply.
• The exercise is performed while sitting. You need to completely relax and breathe calmly, focusing on exhalation.

Other types of breathing exercises can be taken from this article and this one.

Regularly performing such a complex of breathing exercises will help not only alleviate the course of emphysema, but also significantly improve the general health of the sick person.

Some information about suprax for bronchitis in children, link here

Physiotherapy

With emphysema, the lung tissue loses its elasticity and stretches. Emphysema occurs either as a complication of chronic bronchitis and bronchial asthma, or without bronchial asthma under the influence of other causes. When pulmonary emphysema is accompanied by bronchial asthma, then the complexes of therapeutic exercises can be combined into one common one, since in both diseases the exhalation phase suffers.

With emphysema, due to loss of elasticity of the lung tissue, exhalation is difficult. After normal exhalation, a significant amount of air still remains in the stretched lungs, and in order to remove it, you have to artificially compress the chest with tension and increase its mobility during the exhalation phase. Thus, the entire complex of special physical exercises for pulmonary emphysema is built on deepening the exhalation phase.

For this purpose, you can exhale with a drawn-out pronunciation of vowels, as in bronchial asthma, and intermittently exhale, counting out loud, until the sound stops completely. During exhalation, you need to squeeze your chest with your hands and lower it down. Breathing with the pronunciation of consonants with vibration is not used in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema without bronchial asthma, since pulmonary emphysema does not cause bronchospasms.

An approximate set of therapeutic gymnastics exercises can be presented as follows.

Drugs

It is necessary to treat emphysema as with medications; in cases of extreme necessity, it is recommended to surgical treatment, and you should also use various methods traditional medicine, which help improve the respiratory function of the body.

Remember: before taking the above listed medicines, it is recommended to consult with a general practitioner in order to prevent the development of unwanted complications.

• bronchodilators (neophylline, salbutamol, theophylline, berodual), which contribute to a significant and sufficient rapid expansion of the internal lumen of the bronchi and alveoli, it is recommended to take 1 t.r. daily. in a day;
• antitussives (ambroxol, herbion, flavamed, bromhexine, libexin), should be taken 1 t.r. for a day. The drugs have a good antitussive and expectorant effect;
• antibiotics (amoxil, ceftriaxone, amoxiclav, ofloxacin, sumamed) are prescribed for the development of serious infectious complications emphysema, as well as in cases of further progression of the inflammatory process;
• glucocorticosteroids (prednisolone, dexamethasone) help reduce inflammatory process in the lung area. It is recommended to take 1 t. 2 r. in a day;
• analgesics (ketalong, analgin, pentalgin, sedalgin) are recommended to be taken 1 t.r. per day during development severe pain in the chest area;
• vitamins (decamevit, multivitamins, undevit) are recommended to be taken 1 cr. in a day. Helps significantly strengthen the body's immunity.

Nutrition and diet

Therapeutic nutrition for pulmonary emphysema is aimed at combating intoxication, strengthening the immune system and replenishing the patient’s high energy costs. Diets No. 11 and No. 15 are recommended.

Basic principles of diet for emphysema

• Increasing calorie content to 3500 kcal. Meals 4-6 times a day in small portions.
• Proteins up to 120 g per day. More than half of them must be of animal origin: animal and poultry meat, liver, sausages, fish of any kind and seafood, eggs, dairy products. Meat in any culinary preparation, excluding excessive frying.
• Fat, mostly animal, 1/3 vegetable. Butter, full-fat dairy products (sour cream, cream), vegetable oil for dressing salads.
• Carbohydrate Cereals, pasta, bread and pastries, honey, jam.
• Vitamins. Especially A, B and C. Fresh fruits and vegetables in large quantities (in their natural form, in salads and desserts), wheat bran.
• Any drinks. Juices, rosehip decoction, and kumiss are especially recommended.
• The amount of salt is limited to 6 g. This is the prevention of fluid retention in the body and the development of heart complications.

• very fatty meats and poultry
• cooking fats
• confectionery with a lot of cream
• alcohol

Massage

The exercise must be performed once at a slow pace: approximately 8 inhalations and exhalations per minute. Inhalation is done through the nose, and exhalation is done through lips extended into a tube. The duration of exhalation during the session should increase (from 2-3 seconds to 10-12).

• The massage begins with the back, front and side of the chest, back of the neck using stroking and light rubbing.
• Then a selective massage of the muscles of the neck, intercostal space, suprascapular region, and back is performed.
• The massage ends with a breathing exercise: the patient standing, sitting or lying down, taking a full breath, draws in the stomach to the limit, and when exhaling, also protrudes it to the limit.

Breathing exercises for pulmonary emphysema. Video instructions with exercises for treatment

A common form of nonspecific disease of the lower respiratory tract is emphysema. Often the disease develops after chronic obstructive bronchitis. The connective tissue lining the inside of the respiratory organs loses its elasticity, gradually changing into fibrous tissue. The lungs stop contracting fully, their size begins to increase, this condition leads to pneumosclerosis.

The chest is almost motionless, breathing becomes shallow. Particularly dangerous is the inadequate supply of oxygen to the blood; carbon dioxide is difficult to remove from the body. This pathology causes acute heart failure.

Breathing exercises are a combination of gymnastic exercises and breathing techniques that help strengthen the abdominal, back, and intercostal muscles. Helps improve muscle coordination, conscious monitoring of one's own breathing, and improves overall well-being.

Gymnastic exercises will also be useful for a healthy person, they will help improve vitality and minimize the symptoms of oxygen starvation.

Why do you need breathing exercises?

Respiratory failure with pulmonary emphysema develops due to insufficient oxygen intake and removal of carbon dioxide from the body. Gymnastic exercises are primarily aimed at preventing the occurrence of this condition. When tasks are performed correctly, the lung muscles begin to contract rhythmically. The patient's shortness of breath disappears.

The main feature of the disease is that residual air remains after exhalation, leading to a deterioration in gas exchange. Gymnastics is aimed at achieving the following goals:

• teach how to correctly inhale and exhale with concentration;
• train long exhalation;
• improve the process of gas exchange in the lungs;
• teach to breathe with the diaphragm, this promotes effective gas exchange;
• bring the psycho-emotional state of a patient with emphysema back to normal;
• strengthen the muscles involved in the breathing process;
• teach how to control breathing at home while doing physical work.

Medical professionals recommend alternating exercises with rest pauses during breathing exercises. The body of a sick person has difficulty accepting physical activity, shortness of breath begins, and gymnastic tasks are carried out in small dosages.

The quality of breathing exercises largely depends on the starting position taken by the patient with pulmonary emphysema. The efficiency and success of completed tasks depends on this. Doctors have determined that the best results are achieved when patients do exercises using the “lying” and “standing” positions. Then the activity of the respiratory organs is most favorable.

Proper breathing exercises lead to:

• increased lung volume;
• teaching the patient proper breathing;
• treatment of various diseases;
• improving the quality of life;
• formation of stable immunity;
• activation of the body's protective functions;
• increasing vitality.

A set of special breathing exercises

1. Pronouncing consonant sounds while exhaling (3-4 minutes). Sit comfortably on a chair with a backrest. This position automatically lengthens the exhalation, the sternum begins to vibrate, this leads to a cough and the removal of phlegm from the lungs. This exercise helps to train the time of inhalation and exhalation.
2. Breathing with a long exhalation. Repeat up to 6 times. The task is performed in a sitting position. It is necessary to exhale very strongly and at the same time try to count as many numbers as possible. This task involves pressing on the sternum area with your hands while exhaling.
3. Pronouncing hard vowel sounds “o”, “a”, “i”, “u” at the moment of exhalation (3-4 minutes). The task is carried out using a standing position. Vowel sounds are pronounced very loudly and drawn out. At this stage, they try to lengthen the exhalation.
4. Breathing through the diaphragmatic region. Repeat up to 7 times. Count “one, two, three” and take a deep breath. The chest expands, tuck the stomach deeper into yourself. Exhale at “four”, the chest will drop, the stomach will stick out.

Each dynamic exercise listed below is recommended to be repeated 6 times:

1. Lying position, bending the body forward. Lie down on a hard surface, inhale air, raise your upper body, bend forward as much as possible, bring your upper limbs back, exhale.
2. Push-ups using the “lying on your back” position. Bend your lower limbs at the knees and clasp them with your hands. Take a strong breath. Exhale using the diaphragm, simultaneously protruding your stomach and straightening your lower limbs.
3. Rotation using the "sitting on a stool" position. Try to spread your knees as wide as possible to the sides. Raise your arms to chest level, elbows apart, place your hands at chin level. Inhale, rotate to the left, exhale - return to the starting position. Then inhale, turn to the right, exhaling, return to the starting position.
4. Stretching using a standing position. Stretch your arms up, trying at this moment to move them back a little, take a breath. Turn your head and look at your hands. Synchronously with exhalation, lower your upper limbs, bend your right leg at the knee, clasp it with your hands and pull it as high as possible towards the chest.
5. Walking. Performs for at least 3 minutes. If the patient’s physical condition allows him to complete the task, then walking up the stairs helps to quickly improve his overall well-being. After inhaling, the patient rises 2 steps up, and exhaling, climbs another 4 steps up.

If it is not possible to climb the stairs, then the task is performed as follows: inhaling, walk 4 steps, exhaling - 8 steps, i.e. twice as much. After a week of systematically completing this task, it is supplemented by inhaling by raising your arms up, and exhaling by lowering your arms down.

1. Walking, breathing rhythmically: inhale – 2 steps, exhale – 4 steps.
2. Lie on your stomach. Bend in the lumbar spine, paralleling raising your lower limbs and head up and inhaling. Exhaling, return to the starting position, relax all muscles.
3. Take a “standing” position, place your upper limbs on the lower part of the sternum. Inhale and rise on your toes, exhaling - lower yourself onto your entire foot, squeezing your sternum with your hands.
4. Sit on a low bench, spread your upper limbs to the sides. Turn the upper body alternately in opposite directions: one side implies a strong inhalation, the other - exhalation.
5. Take a “sitting on a chair” position, lean on the back, and inhale. Place your hands on your stomach. At the moment of deep exhalation, pull your stomach in and press on it with your hands.
6. Take a “sitting on a chair” pose, lean on the back, fold your hands on your stomach. Inhaling, move your elbows back as far as possible; while exhaling deeply, bring your elbows together and press your fingertips onto the walls of your abdomen.
7. Take a “lying on your back” pose. Breathe through the diaphragm, gradually increasing the duration of exhalation.
8. Take a “lying on your back” pose. Exhaling, bend your knees, clasp them with your hands, press them as close as possible to your chest; inhaling - return to the original state.
9. Take a “lying on your back” pose. Exhaling, sit down, bend forward as much as possible, reaching your toes with your fingertips; inhaling - return to the original state.

Breathing exercises: video

Principles of therapeutic exercises

Gymnastic exercises for pulmonary emphysema can be performed even when the attending physician recommends bed or semi-bed rest. In this case, the patient lies on the bed or takes a sitting position on the bed, chair, always leaning on his elbows. Ideally, the exercises are performed standing.

Medical professionals advise adhering to the following principles when performing a special set of breathing exercises:

1. Tasks are performed daily, 4.5 times per minute. The room must be ventilated beforehand.
2. When performing tasks, pay attention to the rhythm of breathing; it should always be the same.
3. Individual exercises are performed at least 3 times.
4. The duration of exhalation should be longer than inhalation.
5. Rushing through tasks can be harmful, as can overexerting yourself.
6. When performing breathing tasks, the pace should be average.
7. It is forbidden to hold your breath.
8. For better functioning of the diaphragm, you should inhale air through pursed lips and exhale through the nasal cavity.
9. It is forbidden to take quick breaths, since the alveoli of the lungs in this case quickly stretch.
10. The complex consists of 2 types of exercises: static and dynamic.
11. In case of pulmonary emphysema, breathing exercises always begin with static tasks, which during execution are always alternated with elements of dynamic exercises and pauses for rest.
12. People with this diagnosis are advised to maintain a healthy lifestyle: walk for a long time, swim, give up unhealthy foods, smoking, and alcoholic beverages.
13. An annual stay in spring or autumn on the sea coast, for example, in Crimea, is mandatory. In summer, during the hot period, it is undesirable to relax at sea.

Daily special breathing exercises help a patient with pulmonary emphysema to alleviate the severe course of the disease and help improve overall well-being. Systematic completion of tasks helps to achieve a positive result in a minimum period of time and helps to record the results obtained for a long time.