Even if the baby is feeling well, a rash on a child’s body should always be a cause for concern. The main condition is not to try any home remedies and not to give the child medicine until he has been examined by a doctor. A rash can be a symptom of a number of diseases, and only a specialist will determine what is happening.
So, first of all, let's determine what not to do:
- give to a child medicines at your own discretion;
- allow the rash to be scratched;
- squeeze out “pimples” (pustules) or open blisters;
- smear the rash with colored preparations - iodine, brilliant green, etc.: they make diagnosis difficult.
Rash of various origins
Sometimes a pink rash appears on a child’s body 10-20 hours after the fever (which lasted up to 3 days). What could it be?
- Allergic reaction. In this case, the culprit is antipyretics. In this case, the blood test turns out to be normal.
- Pseudo-rubella. It is also roseola, three-day fever, sudden exanthema, the “sixth” disease. “Sixth” - because the type 6 herpes virus acts. The rash does not change and goes away on its own in 3-6 days, then immunity is formed.
In these cases, it is best to consult a doctor.
As a rule, rashes on the skin of babies are mainly caused by allergies, mild forms of infectious diseases, and insufficient hygiene.
There is a rash, no fever: possible diseases
Among the problems that cause a rash in children without fever are the following.
- Scabies. The rashes - not continuous, but in groups - spread over the stomach, back, hands (including between the fingers) and wrists, appear on the buttocks, and the inner parts of the legs. The itching usually begins at night.
- Hives. Rapidly appearing pink bumps all over the body, including on the mucous membranes. Duration - from several hours to three days. This is the body’s response to medications (especially antibiotics), hypothermia, and allergenic foods.
- Pyoderma. General condition is normal. The redness soon forms purulent blisters. When they burst, they turn into a grayish crust, which after falling off does not leave scars. Pyoderma requires mandatory treatment to avoid extensive suppuration and the development of severe conditions.
- Eczema. You can see a rash on the child's face and neck, wrists, elbows and knees. Inflammation, swelling occurs, and weeping cracks may grow. Eczema often spreads to the eyelids, hands, and feet. The child is nervous and cries often.
If the wounds are purulent, bleeding, and the rashes are multiplying, consult a doctor immediately.
Prickly heat
If the baby has sensitive skin, even sweat causes a short-term appearance of a rash - it is called prickly heat. Pale red rashes, sometimes with blisters, are accompanied by itching. They are located in the groin, under the knees, on the buttocks, on the shoulders and neck - that is, in the places of the greatest concentration of sweat glands.
If you reduce sweating, the rash and itching will disappear. What do we have to do:
- bathe the child twice a day in warm water (no more than 34°C);
- keep the room cool;
- dress the baby in spacious and light clothes, preferably made from natural fabrics;
- allow the skin to breathe (air baths).
Allergic reaction
Allergic rashes in children appear due to immature immunity. It is often accompanied by lacrimation and runny nose. Allergies can be of two types.
- Food. It appears on the limbs or on the stomach a day after consuming the “wrong” product.
- Contact. After contact with an aggressive environment or material (chlorinated water, detergents, unsuitable clothing, metal - usually nickel).
The characteristic pale pink small rash on a child’s stomach disappears quite quickly after eliminating the allergen. It is important to note what the reaction occurred to, how strong its manifestations are and in what areas, and how long it lasts. It is better to introduce new products gradually, one at a time - then you can accurately determine what exactly caused the allergy.
A food allergic reaction may cause abdominal pain and indigestion. But if a child has a rash and fever, they are accompanied by lethargy, vomiting and other alarming signs - most likely this is infection.
What if it's an infection?
Rashes in children can actually be caused by bacterial or viral infection. Many childhood infectious diseases occur with a rash, to which other striking symptoms are added. Here are some of these diseases. This chart can help you determine what exactly is going on before you see your doctor.
Table - Nature of the rash and possible diseases
| Type of rash | How it appears | Rash marks | Associated symptoms | Disease |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Large, bright, spotted, in the form of tubercles | A rash behind a child's ears, near the hairline. Within 3 days it descends throughout the body to the feet. The spots “merge” with each other in some places | Small brown bruises, peeling | Dry “barking” cough; runny nose; heat; Red eyes; photophobia; slight itching | Measles |
| Small, in the form of pale pink spots | First on the face, and on the whole body - after 1-2 days | No | Low temperature; joint pain; enlarged occipital lymph nodes | Rubella |
| Bright, small dots | Simultaneously over the face and body (the nasolabial triangle remains intact on the face), in skin folds - most intensely | Peeling | Heat; sharp pain in the throat; enlarged lymph nodes; bright language; sparkling eyes | Scarlet fever |
| Bubbles on a child’s body that are filled with clear liquid, crusts | In the hair, then on the face, spreads throughout the body | No (but scratching may leave scars) | Temperature (up to 38°C); rarely - abdominal pain; headache | Chickenpox (varicella) |
| From small bruises to extensive hemorrhages | Rash on the trunk and legs | Ulcers and scars may remain | Severe condition; fever; headache; vomit; confusion | Meningococcal sepsis (meningitis) |
These are all childhood infections with rashes.
There are also fungal diseases, affecting the skin, and they also cause rashes. Here are the most common skin problems in children.
- Athlete's foot. The disease occurs due to heavy sweating legs Characteristic signs: swelling and redness between the fingers, severe itching. A rash appears on the child’s legs, blisters form erosions that spread to the feet.
- Rubrophytia. The disease is also caused by fungal activity. The child has a small red rash on his arms and legs, sometimes blisters appear that turn into erosions. The skin is peeling. A very clear sign is the grayish-brown color of the nails, under the nails there is keratosis (keratinization).
In what cases should you urgently call a doctor?
Be careful and call a doctor immediately if you notice following symptoms.
- Fever occurs, especially sudden (temperature over 40°C).
- The rash on the child’s body itches unbearably and spreads to the entire body.
- Vomiting and headache appear.
- Confusion of consciousness and speech.
- Hemorrhages with uneven edges, in the form of stars (like varicose veins), without itching.
- Swelling appears and breathing is difficult.
Before the doctor arrives, you should not feed the baby, but plenty of fluids are allowed, and if the temperature rises above 38.5°C, give an antipyretic. It's good if the room is humid and cool. But the child needs to be dressed appropriately, preferably in something spacious, or covered with a soft blanket.
As you can see, skin rashes in children do not always pose a serious danger. But it is important to know the threatening symptoms and immediately seek professional help when they occur in order to avoid complications (and in the case of meningitis, a threat to a child’s life!). Only after a diagnostic examination, taking samples experienced doctor will be able to appoint adequate treatment. If necessary, he will involve other specialists in the research.
You need to call a pediatrician at home so that when going to the clinic the baby’s condition does not worsen (and in case of infection, so as not to infect others). Isolate the child from pregnant women until it is known for sure that the child does not have rubella. And finally, do not refuse vaccination and follow the vaccination schedule. They, along with strengthening the immune system, will protect your child from many problems.
- Rash
- On the face
- On the body
- On the stomach
- On the back
- On the neck
- On the buttocks
- On foot
Parents always perceive the appearance of a rash on a child’s skin with alarm, because everyone knows that the condition of the skin reflects the condition of the entire organism. Is a child's rash always a cause for concern? We will tell you in this article how to understand what is happening to the child and how to help him.
Features of children's skin
Children's skin is different from adult skin. Babies are born with very thin skin - the dermis of newborns is approximately two times thinner than the middle skin layer of adults. The outer layer, the epidermis, thickens gradually as the baby grows older.
In the first month of life, the skin may be red or purple. This is due to the fact that the blood vessels in babies are located close to the surface, and subcutaneous tissue not enough, this can cause the skin to look “transparent”. This is especially noticeable when the newborn is cold - a marbled vascular network appears on the skin.
The skin of babies loses moisture faster, it is more vulnerable to bacteria, viruses, fungi and mechanical stress. It begins to thicken only at 2-3 years and this process lasts up to 7 years. The skin of younger schoolchildren is already beginning to resemble the skin of adults in its characteristics and functionality. But after 10 years, children's skin faces a new test - this time, puberty.
It is not surprising that any external influence or internal processes thin children's skin reacts with rashes of various sizes, colors and structures. And not every childhood rash can be considered harmless.
It is important to understand that there is no causeless rash in children; any pimple or change in pigmentation has a reason, sometimes pathological.
What is a rash?
In medicine, a rash is considered to be a variety of skin rashes that in one way or another change appearance skin by color or texture. For parents, all rashes are approximately the same, but doctors always distinguish between primary rashes, which formed first, and secondary ones, those that formed later, at the site of the primary ones or nearby.
Different childhood diseases are characterized by different combinations of primary and secondary elements.
hormonal.
Causes
The reasons that cause the development of skin rashes can be varied. A lot depends on age and general condition child.
In newborns and children up to one year old
In newborns and babies in the first year of life, the rash is quite often physiological, which should not cause any particular concern on the part of adults. The baby’s skin adapts to its new habitat – waterless, and this process is often difficult for the baby. Therefore, any adverse effect can cause rashes all over the body.
The most common rash at this age is acne hormonal, in which pimples of white or yellow color. This phenomenon is caused by the maternal hormones estrogens, which were passed on to the child during recent months mother's pregnancy. Gradually, their influence on the body decreases, hormones leave the child’s body. By six months, not a trace of such pimples remains.
Breasts react very often allergic rash on unsuitable food products, substances, medicines and even household chemicals that mother uses to wash linen and bedding, wash floors and dishes.
Another common cause of rashes in infancy is diaper rash and prickly heat. A rash on the body, head, arms and legs at an early age appears due to infectious diseases, as well as due to violations of hygiene rules.
Too dry air in the room where the baby lives, heat, excessive diligent washing of the skin with soap and other detergents provoke drying of the skin, which only contributes to the development of various types of rashes.
Slight dryness of the skin in the first 3-4 weeks after birth is a variant of the physiological norm.
From birth, a baby’s skin is covered with a lipid “mantle,” the so-called fatty protective layer. The “mantle” is gradually washed off and washed away. With proper care, this temporary natural dryness is easily compensated by the child’s body - sebaceous glands gradually begin to produce the required amount of protective lubricant.
In children over 1 year of age
Physiological reasons for the appearance of a rash after a year is not so much. In rare cases, hormonal imbalances caused by exposure to maternal sex hormones persist. All other cases mostly have pathological causes. IN preschool age In children, the incidence of viral infections, which are characterized by a rash, increases. These are chickenpox, measles, scarlet fever and other childhood diseases.
In a one-year-old child, who hasn't started visiting yet kindergarten and organized children's groups, the risks of contracting herpes or other viral infections are lower than in children aged 3 to 7 years. Local immunity at this age begins to work better than in infants, for this reason many bacterial diseases skin can be successfully avoided.
Up to 3 years exposure to allergens is still strong children's body, and therefore the appearance of a rash on different parts of the body - on the face, head, stomach, elbows and even on the eyelids and ears - is a fairly common occurrence after eating a product containing an allergen, one or another drug, contact with pollen, wool animals, household chemicals.
And here acne in preschool age is rare. And even if it does occur, then we are most likely talking about metabolic disorders, lack of vitamins, minerals, and diseases of the internal secretion organs.
For children over 10 years old
After 10 years, children have only one type of physiological rash - teenage acne. Under the influence of sex hormones, which begin to be produced in the bodies of girls and boys, the sebaceous glands are activated.
Excessive production of sebum leads to blockage of the gland ducts and the gland itself and the hair follicle become inflamed.
Children's immunity is already sufficiently developed, preventive vaccinations have not passed without leaving a trace on the body, and therefore the risk of contracting “childhood diseases” in adolescence much lower. Many children have already had them before.
A rash in 15-16 year old teenagers can also be a symptom of a sexually transmitted disease, since quite a lot of boys and girls at this age begin to be sexually active. Rashes on the skin of the face and upper body can also be a consequence of taking steroids, with the help of which boys, and sometimes girls, try to create a “beautiful, sculpted” body during fitness classes.
Allergic rash in adolescence– the phenomenon is not as common as in younger children. Usually, if a teenager is allergic, the parents know about it and the appearance of rashes will not surprise or frighten them at all, since they already have a good idea of how to deal with it.
At any age, the cause of a rash can be metabolic disorders, lack of vitamins A, E, C, PP, as well as dysbacteriosis, disruption of the stomach, intestines, and kidneys.
Diagnostics and self-diagnosis
A pediatrician, allergist, gastroenterologist and infectious disease specialist can understand the causes of the rash.
For diagnosis, standard methods are used - blood, urine, and stool tests. Quite often, skin scrapings and samples of the contents of vesicles and pustules are taken for analysis. This allows you to install not only accurate diagnosis, but also the type and type of pathogen, if we are talking about an infection, as well as what drugs the pathogens are sensitive to.
Self-diagnosis includes a set of simple actions to assess the situation.
Parents should undress the child, examine the skin, note the nature of the rash (vesicles, pustules, papules, etc.), its extent. After which you should measure the child’s body temperature, examine the throat and tonsils, note other symptoms, if any, and decide to call a doctor.
Small red
On the body
A small rash without suppuration on the abdomen, back, buttocks can be bright and characteristic symptom allergies. In children under one year old, a small red rash under the armpits, on the shoulders, on the buttocks and in the perineum may also indicate the presence of prickly heat or diaper rash.
If red skin rashes cover a large area of the body, it is worth thinking about erythema toxicum.
It is important to remember and analyze what preceded the appearance of bodily rashes.
If the child felt sick, vomited, or had diarrhea, then we can talk about gastrointestinal pathologies; if the rash appeared after a fever and it is red-pink, then it is probably a herpes virus that causes childhood exanthema.
In most cases, the appearance of red small rash on the body - a sign of an infectious disease, for example, rubella.
On the face
Such a rash on the face may indicate an allergic reaction to food, medicine or cosmetics. The rashes themselves in case of allergies do not have purulent cavities or blisters.
Most often, in young children, an allergic rash is localized on the chin, cheeks and behind the ears, and in older children - on the forehead, eyebrows, neck, and nose. Rarely allergic rashes affect only the face, the rash is usually found on other parts of the body.
A red rash appears on the face due to some viral diseases. If the child has not eaten anything suspicious or new, has not taken medications, and has led a normal lifestyle, then if there is a rash on the face, you must take the temperature and call a doctor. The temperature usually rises, and the doctor diagnoses chickenpox, measles, or another infection.
In this case, the child exhibits signs of ARVI - malaise, headache, runny nose, cough.
On arms and legs
In children of the first year of life, a reddish small rash on the extremities can be a sign of an allergy (like urticaria), as well as a consequence of overheating and violation of hygiene rules - diaper rash.
The rash is usually located in the folds of the skin - under the knees, on the inside of the elbow, in the groin area.
A red rash of various sizes and types can affect the arms and legs of a child due to viral and bacterial infections, scarlet fever, and leukemia. With measles, the rash appears on the palms and soles of the feet. The appearance of red rashes on the limbs is always a reason to call a doctor at home.
On the head
Red rash hairy part The scalp is usually covered with allergic reactions, including to hair care products and soap. Children have the most probable cause Another rash is prickly heat. Since babies use their scalp to regulate thermoregulation, it is the scalp that reacts to overheating and sweating. This symptom may also indicate a viral infection.
Colorless
It can be difficult for parents to notice a colorless rash, but this is a fixable matter, since any colorless rash will sooner or later manifest itself more clearly. Most often, a rash without a distinct color signals the starting stage of an allergy.
On the body. An almost imperceptible rash without a specific color or very pale that appears on the body can cause a feeling of rough “goose bumps” when touched. It looks like goosebumps that “run” across the skin when scared or chilled. The rashes are located close to each other and sometimes are massive. There is an assumption that such a rash is a consequence of hormonal “bursts”.
On the head. A rough, colorless rash usually appears on the face and head due to lactose deficiency. This is usually accompanied by intestinal disorders; the child often has foamy unpleasant smell greenish loose stools.
Watery
A watery rash may be a clear symptom herpetic infection, as well as impetigo, streptococcal angulitis and even sunburn.
On the body. If fluid-filled blisters appear on the sides and limbs, there is a chance that the child has bullous impetigo. Long exposure to the sun will also cause blistering skin lesions in children, but the skin will appear red and somewhat swollen. Blisters may appear on the stomach and back with chickenpox.
Often blisters on the body occur as a result of an allergic reaction, as well as insect bites.
- On the face. Watery rashes on the face manifest themselves as herpes diseases. In the nasolabial triangle, around the lips, and in the nose, the herpes simplex virus appears. Streptoderma and erysipelas can manifest themselves in a similar way.
Infectious bacterial
A pustular rash caused by pathogenic bacteria is treated with antibiotics and antiseptics. Moreover, antibiotics are selected after a culture test, when the doctor has clear information about which bacteria caused the suppuration and to which antibacterial agents they demonstrate sensitivity.
Usually children are prescribed penicillins, less often cephalosporins. For mild infections, local treatment with ointments that have an antimicrobial effect is sufficient - Levomekol, Baneocin, erythromycin ointment, gentamicin ointment, tetracycline ointment.
In some cases, for widespread and severe infection or an infection that risks spreading to internal organs, it is prescribed antibiotics orally - for children in the form of a suspension, for preschoolers and adolescents - in tablets or injections.
Preference is given to drugs wide range actions, usually penicillin group- “Amoxiclav”, “Amosin”, “Amoxicillin”, “Flemoxin Solutab”. If drugs in this group are ineffective, cephalosporin antibiotics or macrolides may be prescribed.
As antiseptics Well-known aniline dyes are often used - a solution of brilliant green (brilliant green) for staphylococcal infections or "Fukortsin" for streptococcus. Damaged skin is treated with salicylic alcohol.
Along with antibiotics, if they are prescribed orally, the child is recommended to take drugs that will help avoid the occurrence of dysbacteriosis - “Bifiborm”, “Bifidumbacterin”. It is also useful to start taking vitamin complexes, appropriate to the child's age.
Some purulent rashes, such as boils and carbuncles, may require surgical intervention, during which the formation is incised crosswise under local anesthesia, clean the cavity and treat it with antiseptics and antibiotics. There is no need to be afraid of such a mini-operation.
The consequences of refusing it can be very dire, because staphylococcal infection can lead to sepsis and fatal outcome.
Heat rash and diaper rash
If a baby develops prickly heat, this is a signal for parents to change the conditions in which the child lives. Temperature should be at 20-21 degrees Celsius. The heat only makes the prickly heat worse. Irritation from sweat, although it gives the child a lot of excruciating sensations and pain, can be treated fairly quickly.
The main cure for this is cleanliness and fresh air. The child should be washed with warm water without soap or other detergents. Several times a day you need to give your baby naked air baths. You should not wrap your child up, but if he does get sweaty, for example, while walking outside in a warm overall in winter, then immediately upon returning home, bathe the child in the shower and change into clean and dry clothes.
For severe diaper rash, damaged skin is treated 2-3 times a day. Most carefully and thoroughly - after daily evening bathing. After it, Bepanten, Desitin, and Sudocrem are applied to still damp skin with signs of prickly heat. Use the powder with great care, since talc dries out the skin very much.
Baby cream or any other greasy creams or ointments should not be applied to the skin of a child with heat rash, as they moisturize and do not dry out. You should also avoid getting massage oil on diaper rash during evening restorative procedures.
Allergic
If the rash is allergic, treatment will involve finding and eliminating the child's exposure to the allergenic substance that caused the rash. To do this, the allegologist performs a series of special tests using test strips with allergens. If it is possible to find the protein that caused the rash, the doctor gives recommendations on eliminating everything that contains such a substance.
If the antigen protein cannot be found (and this happens often), then parents will have to try and exclude from the child’s life everything that poses a potential threat - pollen, food products (nuts, whole milk, chicken eggs, red berries and fruits, some types of fresh herbs and even some types of fish, an abundance of sweets).
You will have to be especially careful when using baby skin care products.
Usually, eliminating the allergen is more than enough for the allergy to stop and the rash to disappear without a trace. If this does not happen, or in case of severe allergies, the doctor prescribes antihistamines(“Tavegil”, “Cetrin”, “Suprastin”, “Loratadine” and others).
It is advisable to take them simultaneously calcium supplements and vitamins. Locally, if necessary, the child is given hormonal ointments - Advantan, for example. Severe forms allergies, in which, in addition to a skin rash, there are pronounced respiratory manifestations, as well as internal pathologies, the child is treated as an inpatient.
Fungal infections
Fungal infections are very contagious, so the child must be isolated. The children are treated as inpatients. Older children in infectious diseases hospital will be placed in cases of moderate to severe disease. Prescribed as local treatment antifungal ointments- “Lamisil”, “Clotrimazole”, “Fluconazole” and others.
In case of extensive damage, when colonies of fungi have “settled” not only on the limbs, wrist, legs or neck, but also on the back of the head in the scalp, the child is prescribed in addition to ointments antifungal agents in tablets or injections.
At the same time, doctors recommend taking immunomodulators, as well as antihistamines, since waste products of fungal colonies quite often cause an allergic reaction. Treatment for fungi is the longest, after the first course, which lasts from 10 to 14 days, a second, “control” course is required, which must be carried out after a short break.
IN at home All clothes and bedding of a sick child must be thoroughly washed and ironed. He himself cannot be bathed during treatment.
The time has passed when the treatment of such diseases was quite painful. There is no need to sprinkle lice dust on your head or smear your skin with kerosene.
Most children's lice and nit treatments only require one application. The most effective in pediatric practice are products based on permethrin.
It is important to follow safety precautions during treatment. Almost all products are toxic; they should not be allowed to get into the baby’s eyes and ears, mouth or mucous membranes.
Worm infestations
The doctor decides what exactly to treat for giardiasis, roundworms or pinworms. Not all drugs that are effective in adolescence are suitable for treating children and primary schoolchildren. The most commonly prescribed drugs are Pyrantel, Albendazole, Levamisole and Piperazine.
Acne in teenagers
It is impossible to cure teenage acne, but you can alleviate its symptoms. To do this, parents must explain to their teenage child that pimples cannot be squeezed out and that treating them with alcohol or lotions is also undesirable.
Pubertal acne is treated comprehensively by changing the child’s diet, excluding fatty, fried, smoked and pickled foods, and fast food. Skin affected by acne is lubricated twice a day with salicylic alcohol and one of the modern products in the form of a cream or ointment.
Zinc ointment and “Zinerit” are very effective. If acne is complicated by a purulent bacterial infection, antibiotic ointments are used - chloramphenicol, erythromycin.
Baby cream and other fatty creams should never be used on skin with acne.
Other effective drugs for teenage rashes on the face, back and chest - “Baziron AS”, “Adapalen”, “Skinoren”. In some cases, the doctor may recommend hormonal ointments - Advantan, Triderm. This is true for deep and very severe rashes.
At the same time, vitamins A and E are prescribed in an oil solution or as part of vitamin-mineral complexes. Treatment of pubertal acne takes a very long time. If you follow all the dermatologist's recommendations, it sometimes takes from 2 to 6 months to achieve the effect.
Neonatal hormonal rash
Newborn acne or three-week rash does not require treatment. All skin rashes will disappear after the baby’s hormonal levels return to normal. This usually takes about a month or two. It is useful to wash the child with a decoction of chamomile, apply baby cream to pimples on the face and neck, and sprinkle them with powder. Trying to squeeze or burn with alcohol is strictly prohibited.
Prevention
Since a child’s skin needs special care and protection, proper hygiene and an understanding of the approach to treating dermatological ailments in children will be an excellent prevention of the appearance of pathological rashes.
A home microclimate that is favorable for skin health will help you avoid 90% of skin problems. The air temperature should be no higher than 21 degrees Celsius, and the air humidity should be 50-70%. Such conditions will not allow the child’s skin to dry out, crack, and therefore the prerequisites for the development of severe bacterial infections there will be less. It is especially important to follow this rule if there is a small child in the house.
Everything should be done in a timely manner due to the child Preventive vaccinations according to age. This will help protect him from dangerous infectious diseases - measles, diphtheria and a number of others. Vaccination is not a guarantee that the child will not get this infection at all, but it does guarantee that if the child does get sick, the illness will be easier and with fewer health consequences.
- When going to the sea, it is important to ensure that your child's skin is protected. To do this, you need to buy a sunscreen that is appropriate for your age and skin type. And in order to protect your baby from rotavirus, it makes sense to do paid clinic a vaccination that is not included in the list of mandatory ones - vaccination against rotavirus infection.
Proper hygiene– the key to healthy children’s skin at any age. It is a mistake to wash your baby rarely, but it is equally a mistake to wash him too often. You should use soap for infants no more than once every 4-5 days; it is better not to use shampoos at all for up to a year.
It is important to choose care products for your child that are designed specifically for childhood and are hypoallergenic. Antibacterial soap kills not only pathogenic bacteria, but also beneficial ones, and therefore its use without the need is generally not justified.
Children's skin should not be exposed to hard washcloths, bath brushes, or brooms. After bathing, the skin should not be wiped, but blotted with a soft towel; this will keep the skin intact and sufficiently moisturized.
Clean your baby when changing a diaper only under running water, and not in a basin or in a bathtub, to avoid intestinal microbes getting on the skin, external genitalia and urinary tract. Girls are washed in the direction from the pubis to the anus.
When a rash appears You cannot self-medicate.
In a house where children grow up, should never be in the public domain chemicals, acids and alkalis, aggressive household cleaning products.
Young children should buy bed linen and clothes only from natural fabrics. Let them look more modest and discreet, but there will be no irritating effect on the skin of synthetic fabrics, seams and textile dyes, which are used to color bright and alluring children's things.
For healthy skin in a child's diet, always There should be enough vitamins A and E. From childhood, you need to teach your son and daughter to eat fresh orange and red vegetables, herbs, sea fish, lean meat, dairy products with sufficient fat content, butter, oatmeal and buckwheat porridge.
From early childhood, the child's skin should be Protect from excessive exposure to strong winds, frost, and direct sunlight. All these factors dry her out, dehydrate her, as a result she becomes more vulnerable and susceptible to various infections.
No crusts, pustules or blisters on the child’s skin cannot be mechanically removed or opened at home, far from sterile. Most of the cases where an infection is attached to a seemingly harmless rash are associated precisely with parents’ attempts to rid the child of pimples or vesicles on their own. On the neck
Various infectious lesions often lead to similar problems. In order to avoid possible complications, you should consult a doctor. The location of the rash may vary. Any part of the body can fall into the zone of active rashes.
1.Rash in a child in the form of red dots most often provoked allergic reactions. First of all, this is the diet, as well as clothing that fits the body. Often the rash is expressed by dotted oval or round spots. Its elevation above other parts of the body is not observed. The rash is only noticeable because of its color. The appearance of characteristic points occurs due to strong blood filling; they sometimes have edges and edges, and they can also be solid. The problem is divided into two main types:
- roseola - the specificity of this species is considered to be small in size from 3-30 mm;
- erythema - this subspecies is distinguished by its significant size, which starts from 3 cm.
They are most often located in the chest area and have a characteristic bright scarlet color.
2. Pimple-like rash- this is the main reaction to various internal or external environmental factors. They arise due to allergies, as well as infectious diseases. A similar problem has different types and shapes. It can be represented by pustules that rise above the skin level and create a rounded void. Their sizes are quite large, about 1-1.5 mm in height. The main cause is considered to be an allergic reaction, accompanied by redness and itching. A similar rash in a child can also be associated with hereditary factor. This disease is often transmitted from mother to child. Stress also often provokes a similar skin reaction.
Dermatologists divide pathology into 4 categories:
- Dry rashes- the formation of such redness occurs in the winter season, most often they are formed due to compaction of the stratum corneum of the epidermis. Treatment is carried out with cosmetics that remove dead particles and moisturize the skin.
- Watery - their appearance can be caused by various reasons (consumption of poor-quality nutrition, diathesis, use of bad cosmetics - creams, shampoos, foams, soaps). They are accompanied by severe itching. They are often symptoms of chickenpox, rubella, measles, scabies and dyshidrosis.
- Ulcers - a similar rash in the form of acne in a child may initially look like small red dots, but after a few days changes begin to form. Regular spots fill with pus. This problem is often caused by streptococcal and staphylococcal infections. Pass required clinical analysis blood and urine, and then consult a doctor. It is necessary to give up sweets so as not to create an active environment for the proliferation of pathogens.
- Subcutaneous pimples - they arise due to blockage of the ducts with plugs that form from the sebaceous glands. Most often, this phenomenon goes away on its own, but if there are no changes, then it is still worth contacting a specialist.
3. Blistering rash- its manifestation can lead to a number of serious diseases.
- Pemphigus - it can be fatal. Defeat begins to occur immune system at the moment of the body’s struggle with healthy and strong cells.
- Dermatitis herpetiformis is considered an autoimmune disease. This disease manifests itself in the form of blisters and blisters on the skin.
Similar types infectious rash in children there can be two forms: they occupy about 50% of the child’s body or are formed on different parts of it. Often appear in a separate area and form only small itchy, round redness. Often occur due to systemic, skin or infectious diseases, as well as allergic reactions. After healing, the bubble will disappear and leave no traces. To begin therapy, it is necessary to identify the underlying cause and stage of the disease; for this, you must go to see a doctor.
4. Rash in the form of spots- represented by small redness of various colors. The color will depend on the skin pigment. If melanin is present, then, accordingly, the spots will be darker.
This type of skin rash in children is characteristic of such ailments as rubella, measles, scarlet fever, various diseases and skin tumors. The formation can be caused by various pathogens. This type of rash tends to merge into large spots. The lesion often worsens in the chest area. It should also be noted that pimples can appear due to contact, food and drug allergies.
Photos of the main elements of the rash
There are the following types of rashes in a child:
Characteristic location
Different types of skin rashes in children have their own locations. The rash can be located on almost any part of the body, causing itching, irritation and even severe pain.
- a rash forms on the elbow and arms, wrists, forearms;
- can form on the legs, more often on the inside, the main reason for this is an allergic reaction to food, but more serious cases also occur;
- the rash affects the face, and the cheeks are considered the focal point;
- the torso also undergoes this process, often rashes form in the area chest, and also in the scapular zone.
Causes
The types of rash can be different, and the factor behind their appearance can be the same or different, so you need to determine why it occurred. For a child’s body, such a phenomenon is considered normal, since it is a reaction to external factors. There are main reasons why various rashes may appear:
1. Allergic reaction- this is the most common factor that is most often caused food products, pollen, pet hair, cosmetics, clothing, medications and insect bites. It is necessary to treat types of allergic rashes in children under the supervision of a doctor, since an uncontrolled reaction can develop into Quincke's edema or anaphylactic shock.
2. Severe stress- there are cases when the baby becomes covered with significant spots due to intense experiences. After time, they disappear on their own.
3. Insect bites- Even if a child does not have any type of allergy, a mosquito bite can leave unpleasant spots that are very itchy. Parents need time to notice the wound and treat it correctly. This type of rash goes away on its own after some time. If uncharacteristic large spots after a bite, it means there is an allergic reaction.
4. Mechanical damage- various types of rashes in a child without fever can form due to tight and tight clothing, and they go away on their own after a certain time.
5. Infectious diseases- small spots on the body may indicate infection with rubella, chickenpox, scarlet fever, measles and even meningitis.
6. Bleeding disorder- the baby's skin begins to become covered with small bruises and bruises.
7. Allergy to sun or cold- it is recommended to consider this category separately, since the mechanism of such a reaction differs significantly from the standard reaction to cats or citrus fruits. This ailment can be attributed to seasonal problems.
When to call a doctor
Sometimes there may be little time to determine the type of rash in children, since the child may have a high fever, so you need to call a doctor immediately. In addition, to the main hazardous factors may include severe shortness of breath, swelling of the tongue and face, incredible headache, drowsiness, loss of consciousness and vomiting. If the rash turns brown, maroon or black in color, its elements are located deep in the skin and do not turn pale when pressed, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.
Viral infections
Photos of the types of rashes in children that are caused by viruses are different, and they can be considered further. Such pathologies include the following diseases.
1. Measles- it causes a small rash, initially crimson-red in the mouth, and then throughout the body. A phenomenon often observed is the merging of elements that create irregularly shaped foci of influence. With it it is observed high fever. Very rarely, but still the disease can be quite severe and lead to death. In the absence of vaccination, measles is very easily transmitted from person to person.
2. Rubella manifests itself as pink-red small spotty rashes that initially form on the head and then spread throughout the baby’s body. There may be complaints of sore throat, swollen The lymph nodes, nasal congestion, fever and chills.
3. Chickenpox- spreads, as a rule, from top to bottom, initially on the scalp, and then observed on the chest, back and other areas. It appears as bright red small spots, which later degenerate into bubbles, and then burst and gradually dry out, forming crusts. If the case is advanced and severe, scars may remain. Accompanied by slight itching.
4. Herpes- manifests itself in the form of grouped blistering rashes inside the mouth or on the lips, which linger for several weeks. It also happens that this virus penetrates the nuclei nerve cells, and the rash turns into chronic stage.
5. Infectious mononucleosis -
is expressed in the form of densely located light red or pink spots with a diameter of 6-15 mm, with this disease they most often become painful. And then the occipital and cervical lymph nodes. Sore throat almost always occurs, sometimes it starts to bother severe weakness, migraine, cough and fatigue.
6. Enteroviruses- appear as bubbles and are distributed throughout the body.
7. Roseola- these are pink spots that do not begin to appear immediately, but after the temperature has normalized. This usually occurs on days 4-5. Children aged 6 months to 3 years are most often affected.
Bacterial infections
Photos of the types of rashes in children who have a similar infection are presented below.
1. Scarlet fever- manifests itself in the form of minor millet-like rashes, with increased coloring in the folds of the skin. Everything is accompanied by slight itching, and as the rash subsides, plastic peeling forms. The disease is characterized by a pronounced change in the pharynx, a crimson-red tongue and acute pain in the throat.
2. Meningococcal infection- quite quickly forms small “blots” of red and blue color that resemble stars. There is always a high temperature.
3. Fungal infections of the epidermis(trichophytosis, ringworm, dermatomycosis). A clear sign of its presence is a ring-shaped formation that itches. Dandruff begins to form on the hair, and patchy baldness is possible.
4. Streptoderma- at the moment of illness, large blisters begin to appear, containing purulent contents, often with a yellowish-brown dry crust.
Allergic reactions
There are various types of rashes in children on the hands and throughout the body, which are provoked by poor diet, natural ingredients or things, such diseases include the following ailments.
1. Hives- similar in appearance to nettle burns, manifests itself as protruding bright red or pale pink blisters that suddenly appear and also subside. They present with severe itching and may experience extensive swelling.
2. Atopic dermatitis
(diathesis, childhood eczema, neurodermatitis) - this type of rash appears in children on the elbows, neck, face, and also occurs on the legs, under the knees. The epidermis turns red and begins to peel, and sometimes weeping crusts are observed.
Other reasons
Very often, various rashes indicate a malfunction. internal organs. This:
- vascular ailments;
- changes in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract;
- renal failure.
Infant acne- the problem occurs in the first year of life in breastfed babies. It is a consequence of the activity of the sebaceous glands, and the cause is an increase in the level of maternal hormones.
Milia (whiteheads) - look like tiny “pearls” and form more often in infants. They pass by themselves, as they are of a physiological nature.
Erythema toxicum of the newborn- these are yellow blisters that can appear 2-5 days after birth. Typically, no action needs to be taken.
Scabies- expressed by pairs of dots, most often in the interdigital areas. There is severe itching, the source is mites that infect the skin.
Types of rashes in children under one year of age
In small children who are wrapped tightly or improperly bathed, heat rash can often be found. It appears as a scattering of small, non-itchy, red blisters that are concentrated in the natural folds of the skin.
Against the background of a tendency to allergies and immunodeficiency, diaper rash is formed, which is an area with a bright red, moist and swollen surface. Often located in the folds of the neck, buttocks and groin.
Often diaper rash turns into gluteal erythema - this is a concentration of bright red erosions and nodules.
Often, children's rash occurs due to an allergic factor; such ailments include urticaria and various dermatitis.
Toxic erythema, which forms in the first year of a child’s life, is considered completely harmless. This is a mixed rash consisting of papules and blisters. The rash will go away on its own within a few weeks.
Pemphigus of a newborn is a rather dangerous disease caused by staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or streptococci. After slight redness, bubbles with cloudy content begin to appear, which burst and form erosions. Often found on the thighs and around the navel.
Among the infectious diseases that cause a rash, one can distinguish congenital syphilis, the main symptom of which is considered to be syphilitic pemphigus. In this case, the rashes are presented in the form of dense blisters filled with a clear liquid, which becomes cloudy over time. Inflammations are very often present on the torso, face and almost always on the palms and soles.
Urgent Care
It is already known what types of rashes children have, now you need to figure out what to do to help your baby.
When, in addition to redness, the following symptoms are present, you should immediately call a doctor:
- significant and sudden increase in temperature;
- the child has difficulty breathing;
- there is a hemorrhagic stellate rash;
- rashes cover the entire body and cause significant itching;
- loss of consciousness and vomiting begins.
Prevention
In order to protect your baby from infection, you need to vaccinate him on time. To avoid an allergic reaction, you need to introduce complementary foods correctly and not rush into new products. It is necessary to accustom your child to a healthy diet and harden it. This will help you set up children's immunity in the right way and the child will not have such problems.
If a rash is noticed on your body, do not panic and call the doctor immediately. It is necessary to figure out whether the case is really critical or whether it is just a reaction caused by eating a chocolate bar or an insect bite. For bathing, it is better to use herbal decoctions, and buy clothes made of cotton fabric. Dyes also often cause reactions on the body.
When an epidemic of rubella or chickenpox begins in a kindergarten, it is recommended to leave the baby at home, since the disease spreads very quickly from contaminated sources.
In summer, it is necessary to ventilate the room, and then use a fumigator.
Children should not be allowed to squeeze pimples or pop them. This often provokes the spread of infection.
Every parent is required to know the types of rashes and the causes of rashes in children in order to provide timely help to the child.
If your baby has a fever, you should definitely call a doctor.
How to figure out what kind of rash a child has? Below you will find photos with explanations of the main skin diseases in children.
Have you been caught off guard by baby diaper rashes more than once? Or red dots on the baby’s palms? Now you won’t have any questions about what kind of rash your child has.
Baby acne
Small white pimples typically appear on the cheeks and sometimes on the forehead, chin and even the back of a newborn. May be surrounded by reddish skin. Acne can appear from the first days to 4 weeks of age.
Chickenpox
Chickenpox begins as small, red, itchy bumps. They quickly develop into small, filled pink blisters, which eventually turn into brown, dry crusts. The rash most often begins on the scalp, face and chest, and then spreads throughout the body. As the disease progresses, the rash returns with renewed vigor, usually reaching a number of 250 to 500 blisters, although there are many fewer, especially if the child has been vaccinated. Your child may also have a slight fever. Chickenpox rarely occurs in children under one year of age.
Cold on the lips
Your baby's rash appears as small, fluid-filled blisters on or near the lip. The wound may become larger, break through and dry out. Blisters can appear one at a time or in concentration. Cold sores are rare in children under 2 years of age.
The photo shows a rash on the lips of an adult, but in children the symptoms are identical.
Seborrheic dermatitis
This rash in children is characterized by flaky, dry scalp with yellowish crusts. It can also occur around the ears, eyebrows, armpits and neck folds. Sometimes causes hair loss. This disease is common among newborns and goes away within the first year of a child's life.
Intertrigo
The rash in babies is characterized by reddish, swollen skin in the diaper area. The rash may be flat or lumpy. It causes discomfort when changing a diaper. Most common among children under one year of age.
Fungal diaper dermatitis
Red bumps in the diaper area, it is possible that there are ulcers. Most of all, the rash in children appears in the folds of the skin, as well as with small single rashes outside the concentration of the main rash. It does not go away in a few days and cannot be treated with regular diaper rash cream for babies. Most often occurs in children who have taken antibiotics.
Eczema
The rash in children, characterized by itching, usually occurs on the elbows and knees, as well as on the cheeks, chin, scalp, chest and back. It begins with the appearance of a scaly thickening of the skin with a reddish tint or with the appearance of red rashes, which can be either wet or dry. Eczema is most common in children prone to allergies or asthma. It usually appears at the age of one and goes away by the age of 2, but there are cases when eczema haunts a person into adulthood.
Erythema toxicum
The rash is characterized by small yellow or white bumps on a reddened area of the skin. It can appear anywhere on the child's body. The rash disappears on its own within two weeks and is often found in newborns, usually on the 2nd to 5th day of their life.
Erythema infectiosum (Fifth disease)
On initial stage fever, aches and cold symptoms appear, and in the following days bright pink spots on the cheeks and a red itchy rash on the chest and feet.
Most often, this rash occurs in preschoolers and first-graders.
Folliculitis
Around hair follicles pimples or crusty pustules appear. They are usually located on the neck, armpit or groin area. Rarely found in children under 2 years of age.
Rash on hands, feet and around mouth
Characterized by fever, lack of appetite, sore throat, and painful sores and blisters in the mouth. The rash may appear on the feet, palms of the hands, and sometimes on the buttocks. At first, the rash appears as small, flat, red dots that may develop into bumps or blisters. Happens at any age, but is most common among preschoolers.
Hives
Raised, red patches of skin characterized by itching may appear and disappear on their own. Usually they appear from several hours to several days, but there are cases when they drag on for up to weeks or months. They can appear at any age.
Impetigo
Small red bumps that may itch. They often appear near the nose and mouth, but can spread to other areas of the body. Over time, the bumps become ulcers, which can break out and become covered with a soft yellow-brown crust. As a result, the child may develop a fever and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Impetigo most often occurs in children aged 2 to 6 years.
Jaundice
The rash in children is characterized by a yellow tint to the skin. In dark-skinned children, jaundice can be identified by the whites of the eyes, palms or feet. It is most common in children in the first and second weeks of life, as well as in premature infants.
Measles
This illness begins with fever, runny nose, red watery eyes and cough. After a few days, small red dots with a white base appear on the inside of the cheeks, and then the rash appears on the face, spreading to the chest and back, arms and legs with feet. At the initial stage, the rash is flat, red, and gradually becomes lumpy and itchy. This continues for about 5 days, and then the rash turns brown, the skin dries out and begins to peel. Most common among children who have not been vaccinated against measles.
mile
Mila are small white or yellow bumps on the nose, chin and cheeks. Often found in newborns. Symptoms go away on their own within a few weeks.
Molluscum contagiosum
The rashes have a hemispherical shape. The color matches normal skin color or is slightly pinker, having a pinkish-orange tint with a pearlescent tip. In the middle of the hemisphere there is a depression somewhat reminiscent of a human navel.
Unusual for children under one year of age.
Papular urticaria
These are small, raised rashes on the skin that become thicker and reddish-brown over time. They occur at the site of old insect bites and are usually accompanied by severe itching. They can appear at any age.
Poison ivy or sumac
Initially, small patches or patches of swollen and itchy red patches appear on the skin. The manifestation occurs after 12–48 hours from the moment of contact with a poisonous plant, but there are cases of a rash appearing within a week after contact. Over time, the rash develops into a blister and crusts over. Sumac is not typical for children under one year old.
Rubella
As a rule, the first symptom is a sharp increase in temperature (39.4), which does not subside for the first 3–5 days. A pink rash then appears on the torso and neck, later spreading to the arms, legs and face. The baby may be fussy, vomit, or have symptoms of diarrhea. Most often occurs between the ages of 6 months and 3 years.
Ringworm
A rash in the form of one or several red rings, the size of a penny with denominations from 10 to 25 kopecks. The rings are usually dry and scaly at the edges and smooth in the center and can grow over time. It can also appear as dandruff or small bald spots on the scalp. Most common in children 2 years of age and older.
Measles rubella
A bright pink rash that appears first on the face and then spreads to the entire body and lasts 2-3 days. Your child may have a fever, swollen lymph nodes behind the ears, a stuffy or runny nose, a headache, and a sore throat. Vaccination reduces the risk of contracting rubella measles.
Scabies
Red rashes that are accompanied by severe itching usually occur between the fingers, around the wrist, in the armpits and under the diaper, around the elbows. May also appear on the kneecap, palms, soles, scalp or face. The rash may cause the appearance of white or red mesh marks, as well as the appearance of small blisters on the skin areas near the rash. The itching is most intense after taking a hot bath or at night, preventing the child from sleeping. Can occur at any age.
Scarlet fever
The rash begins as hundreds of tiny red dots on armpits, neck, chest and groin and quickly spreads throughout the body. The rash feels like sandpaper and may be itchy. It may also be accompanied by fever and redness of the throat. During the initial stage of infection, the tongue may have a white or yellowish coating, which later turns red. The roughness on the tongue increases and gives the impression of a rash. This condition is commonly called strawberry tongue. Your child's tonsils may become swollen and red. As the rash disappears, peeling of the skin occurs, especially in the groin area and on the arms. Scarlet fever rarely occurs in children under 2 years of age.
Warts
Small, grain-like bumps appear one at a time or in groups, usually on the arms, but can spread to the entire body. Warts are usually a similar shade to your skin tone, but may be slightly lighter or darker, with a black dot in the middle. Small, flat warts can appear all over the body, but in children they most often appear on the face.
There are also plantar warts.
Such defects disappear on their own, but this process can take from several months to several years. Warts are not common in children under 2 years of age.
Small, red rash in a child: photo with explanations.
Diseases begin to accompany a person from the first days of life.
You may not even be aware of the presence of many, but some are indicated by symptoms, among which an important place is given to rashes on the body.
The appearance of a rash on a child’s body due to various skin diseases
Often, people who find a rash on their body or their child’s body mistakenly believe that it is caused by an allergic reaction and buy antihistamines.
At this time, serious changes may occur in the body caused by the development of viral infections.
Rubella
This disease most often occurs in children living in metropolitan areas and large cities.
Rubella is transmitted by airborne droplets through contact with an infected person, and also passes from mother to child through the placenta during pregnancy.
Most often it occurs in children from 6 months to 10 years.
Rubella For the first six months, a child’s body is protected by antibodies transmitted to it through mother’s milk, so rubella at this age is very rare.
In order to identify the presence of rubella in a child, first of all, you need to pay attention to his behavior.
The first signs of the disease:
- lethargy;
- drowsiness;
- Bad mood;
- overwork.
The temperature gradually rises, rashes appear on the face and head, and then they spread to other parts of the body.
The rash is round or oval in shape and does not exceed 3 millimeters in diameter.
The incubation period for rubella is about 14 to 23 days.
Scarlet fever rash
Scarlet fever is an acute infectious disease caused by pathogenic microbe– streptococcus.
It is transmitted by airborne droplets through the upper respiratory tract.
In most cases, scarlet fever occurs in children between one and 12 years of age.
Scarlet fever rash
Typical symptoms of the disease:
- a sharp jump in body temperature;
- nausea;
- vomit;
- a sore throat.
Associated symptoms may also appear:
- headache;
- weakness;
- malaise.
The scarlet fever rash begins to spread to the face and neck, gradually moving to the torso and limbs of the child.
It consists of small reddish spots that become richer towards the lower abdomen, under the knees and on the elbow folds.
On the face, the rash is more pronounced in the cheek area - there it forms bright spots, along which white marks remain, gradually returning the color back.
The period of time from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first symptoms is from 2 to 7 days.
Measles
Acute viral disease infectious nature, the source of which is a person who himself has measles.
The greatest chance of becoming infected occurs between the ages of 2 and 5 years.
Measles
Measles does not begin with a rash, but with cold-like symptoms:
- the temperature rises;
- no appetite;
- the child suffers from a dry cough;
- and runny nose with purulent mucous discharge.
Somewhat later, conjunctivitis occurs, redness of the eyelids and swelling of the eyes.
After about 3 weeks, small rashes appear in the mouth, on the mucous membrane of the cheeks.
After a few more days, spots up to 10 mm can be seen on the face, behind the ears, on the neck, gradually moving to the body, arms and legs.
The rash covers the child's body within 4-5 days.
The latent period of the disease is from 10 days to 3 weeks.
Chicken pox - chickenpox
Chickenpox, as everyone is accustomed to calling it, is caused by the herpes virus.
It can be transmitted by airborne droplets, from sick people to healthy people who have not yet been ill.
This disease mainly affects children under 5 years of age.
It is transmitted from a sick person or objects with which an infected person has been in contact.
Young children are most susceptible to scabies, as they have weak, unstrengthened immunity.
It is quite simple to identify scabies in a child over 3 years of age: a single or merged rash with peeling and crusts, pronounced in the area of the buttocks, genitals, axillary folds and between the fingers.
All this is accompanied by itching and sleep disturbances.
In infants, the rash does not have clear localization boundaries - it can be seen on the hands, on the side of the fingers.
The hidden period ranges from several hours to 2 weeks, depending on the type and age of the tick.
Prickly heat
Miliaria is a skin irritation caused by excessive sweating and occurs mainly in newborns.
The reason for its appearance is the adverse effects external factors: the weather is hot, and the child is dressed warmly, or is wearing tight diapers that don’t fit, or clothes made of synthetic fabric.
In addition, many parents do not pay due attention to the hygiene of the baby, do not bathe him when necessary, and do not use specialized hygiene products.
There are three types of prickly heat:
- crystalline - characterized by the presence of small watery bubbles on the child’s body, not exceeding 2 mm. in diameter;
- red - blisters on the skin become inflamed, turn red, and cause discomfort and can worsen the baby’s condition;
- deep - appears as flesh-colored bubbles, sometimes in the form of spots with reddish bases.
Rubella rashes begin on the face, gradually moving to the torso and limbs, and the temperature rises sharply.
An allergic rash appears immediately on all parts of the body, but the child’s condition does not change.
Rashes during measles, just like during rubella, are accompanied by high fever.
A sick child develops weakness and headache, and his voice may become hoarse.
And only after 4-5 days do they appear.
It doesn’t take long to wait, the body reacts to it much faster.
Chickenpox should not be confused with allergic reactions - the rash during it resembles blisters with a reddish border, filled with a clear liquid.
One of the most unpleasant and dangerous diseases– meningococcal infection – differs from allergies in the presence of a rash with subcutaneous hemorrhage, and is accompanied by a serious condition of the child – fever, vomiting, severe headaches.
Another view skin disease is, which is confused with allergies by more than half of parents.
However, it can also be distinguished - scabies itch bothers you mainly at night.
It is at this time that the mites that cause the infection become most active.
The same allergy symptom accompanies the baby throughout the day.
In addition, scabies does not cause a runny nose and watery eyes, which are characteristic of allergic diseases.
A rash on a child’s body that requires immediate medical attention
If your child experiences any of the symptoms described below, you should immediately seek help from qualified professionals:
- fever and a sharp rise in temperature up to 40 degrees;
- unbearable itching of the skin of the whole body;
- nausea, lethargy, vomiting, slow reaction;
- rashes in the form of stars with subcutaneous hemorrhages and swelling.
What not to do if children have rashes
To prevent the possibility of infection and not cause further harm to the child’s health, you should under no circumstances:
- squeeze;
- pick;
- scratch pustules and other rashes;
- remove crusts;
- and also treat them with brightly colored medications (iodine, brilliant green).
It cannot be ignored, because it can indicate the presence serious illnesses, many of which are life-threatening for the baby.
You should not self-medicate - the list of diseases accompanied by rashes is quite large.
The main thing is to be able to recognize the main symptoms, which can be used to quickly navigate and provide primary medical care.
You should treat the problem with attention and sensitivity and show the child to your doctor as soon as possible.
Rash in a child
