Man knows how unpleasant it is nose bleed, but can still take some measures right away. But what should you do if your cat’s nose bleeds? You can’t explain to her that she needs to keep her head elevated for a while, and you can’t apply ice to the back of her head. And yet, where does this come from? unpleasant symptom? It is not a fact that the animal was simply injured; it may also indicate serious disorders in its body.
Causes of nosebleeds
The animal's nose has a mucous membrane that contains blood vessels and nerve endings. Most often, bleeding is caused by damage to blood vessels as a result of mechanical trauma or inflammation in the nasal cavity.
There are many causes of a cat's nosebleed.
But besides this, there may be other reasons:
- Nose injury. Injury with a sharp object (thorny plant, needle), fight with cats or dogs. Bleeding can also occur after a fall, bruise, fracture, or as a result of an accident.
- Foreign object. Nosebleeds can be caused by grain, beads, or a piece of branch getting into the nasal passage.
- Neoplasm in the nasal cavity. Tumors in the nose in cats and kittens occur mainly in mature age. It can be recognized by the asymmetry and deformation of the nose. In addition, swelling of the affected side may be observed, varying in size. eyeballs, tearfulness, etc.
- Dental infection. Bleeding is often caused by the presence of infectious diseases of the teeth, since with an abscess, the root of the diseased tooth touches the nasal sinus. Inflammatory process causes dryness and bleeding of the nasal cavity.
- High blood pressure. Hypertension leads to micro-ruptures in the capillaries of the mucous membrane, which in turn provoke nosebleeds.
- Poor blood clotting. Platelets are responsible for the formation of blood clots and stopping bleeding. If there are not enough of them, the blood becomes thin, which causes nosebleeds.
There are many diseases associated with poor clotting. With such pathologies, other symptoms are observed, such as red spots located on the gums or ears, fast fatiguability, drowsiness, pale gums.
A cat's nose may bleed due to injury or an infectious disease.
Severe nosebleeds can be caused by poisoning with certain substances, such as warfarin, or substances that cause hemolysis.
Here are other causes of nosebleeds:
There is no cause for concern if the nosebleed is caused by a minor injury and stops quickly. But if bleeding is frequent and repeated again and again, and other symptoms are present, a mandatory consultation with a doctor is necessary.
If there is severe bleeding, the cat should be taken to the veterinarian.
What are the types of bleeding in cats: their symptoms
Nosebleeds in cats are divided into two types: acute or chronic. If the first occurs abruptly and without any symptoms, then in the second case it is systematic, appearing from time to time.
In addition, bleeding can be unilateral or bilateral. For correct diagnosis It is important to know whether the blood is coming from one nostril or from both. Generally, unilateral bleeding means the presence of a foreign object in the nose, a tumor, or injury. Bilateral signals the presence of a disease of infectious origin.
In some cases it is necessary urgent help specialist
Signs and symptoms accompanying bleeding in serious diseases:
- when sneezing, blood sprays from the nose as if from a spray bottle;
- there is swelling in the form of gumboil or periodontal disease;
- in severe situations, not all the blood comes out, but the main part is swallowed, in which case the feces may be black in color, and also viscous;
- with mouth goes metallic smell:
- difficult and noisy breathing;
- loss of appetite or decreased appetite.
First aid for nosebleeds
If you notice a nosebleed in an animal, you should not panic; first of all, you need to calm down and examine your pet to understand how serious it is. The animal should not be nervous so that the pressure does not increase, which can aggravate the situation.
If your nose bleeds, apply ice to it.
If the bleeding is quite severe, you need to apply ice to your nose, then rinse it and pat dry with paper towels. If these manipulations did not help and the bleeding did not stop, or additional symptoms, you need immediate consultation with a doctor.
Diagnosis of nosebleeds
First of all, the pet owner should tell the doctor:
- does the animal drink? this moment any medications;
- is there rat poison in the apartment, and whether the animal could have consumed a poisoned mouse or rat;
- whether the cat walked on the street without its owner and whether it could have contact with other cats;
- did the animal fall or hit any sharp corners;
- does the cat sneeze and scratch its nose with its paws?
- bleeding is unilateral or bilateral;
- are there any problems with the teeth, and is there blood in the oral cavity;
- whether he has rapid breathing;
- is there any asymmetry of the muzzle or its deformation;
- isn't it?
For staging accurate diagnosis The veterinarian will conduct a comprehensive examination of the pet, diagnosis will be carried out by:
- general clinical analysis blood;
- blood clotting test;
- urine analysis;
- biopsy, cytology;
- X-ray of the nose;
- general examination of the nasal and oral cavity, as well as the throat;
- conducting tests for the presence of diseases caused by fungi;
- conducting tests for the presence of infectious diseases transmitted by ticks;
- computed tomography;
- pressure measurements.
The veterinarian is conducting several tests to find out why there's blood coming out from the nose.
Depending on complexity present symptoms, the doctor will determine what diagnostic method the animal will need. After which he will prescribe appropriate treatment that will help stop the bleeding and remove the causes that provoked it.
Cat treatment and care
Treatment begins with stopping bleeding by any means. In addition, the cat is given sedatives, as she may get scared and hurt her nose more, causing more bleeding. The veterinarian will tell you how to stop the bleeding and remove its original cause during an in-person examination.
What is the main help for an animal:
- first you need to apply an ice compress;
- to narrow peripheral vessels and the nosebleeds have stopped, you can use adrenaline;
- if the cat does not even allow himself to be examined, the doctor may resort to anesthesia;
- in severe cases the animal may need surgical intervention under general anesthesia.
If bleeding occurs due to an infectious disease, you may need to take antibiotics or other antimicrobial agents. When blood flows due to diseases in the oral cavity or as a result of tumors in the nose, surgical intervention may be required. Although in some cases chemotherapy alone can be used.
A veterinarian should treat the underlying cause of nosebleeds.
ABOUT preventive measures we can say that it is enough just to monitor timely vaccinations and add a sufficient amount of vitamins to the diet. In addition, once every three months it is necessary to take your pet to the doctor for preventive purposes so that he can identify the pathology in time, life threatening animal.
Cats, like people, can experience nosebleeds from time to time. In more than half of cases, a sudden illness resolves on its own. However, what to do if the cat is bleeding from nose goes, without stopping, for quite a long time?
Types of bleeding
There are two types of bleeding - unilateral and bilateral. This important point, which is worth paying attention to when diagnosing the disease.
Unilateral
In case of unilateral bleeding (from one nostril), the animal must be examined by a veterinarian. The most common causes of this are foreign bodies in the nose, trauma and tumors.
Bilateral
Bilateral bleeding (from both nostrils) may indicate an infectious disease.
What to do if your cat has a nosebleed
Causes of bleeding
The animal's nasal cavity contains blood vessels and nerves. Most often, the reason why a cat's nose is bleeding is injuries to small vessels due to mechanical damage or inflammation of the mucous membrane. However, the reasons may be more serious.
Injuries
This refers to damage due to a piercing blow, for example, after contact with a plant that has a hard spine, a fight with other animals, or an accident - a blow, a fall, a car accident, etc.
Foreign bodies
Sometimes in nasal cavity small objects fall into the animal - grains, pieces of stems or branches, etc., which injure its outer shell.
Periodontal diseases
One more common cause bleeding is inflammation of the oral cavity, for example, abscesses ( purulent inflammation tissues) of tooth roots. Diseases are a serious obstacle to the normal functioning of the nasal mucosa, which in turn can lead to dryness and bleeding.
Tumor
Tumors in the nasal cavity most often appear in older animals. The presence of this problem can be determined by the shape of the cat's face. As a rule, neoplasms make it less symmetrical, and sometimes even deform it.
Note! Swelling, changes in integrity and color may occur skin nose, lacrimation and changes in the size of one of the eyeballs.
What could be the reasons
Infections
The cause of nasal discharge, including bleeding, can be bacterial, viral respiratory diseases, or rhinitis. If your cat is bleeding from the eyes and nose, it is necessary to undergo an examination at a veterinary clinic.
Impaired blood supply
Bleeding can also be caused by a blood clotting disorder, a function for which platelets are responsible. If their deficiency occurs, the blood acquires a thinner consistency, which leads to bleeding.
Signs of a serious illness
Experts identify quite a few diseases that provoke poor blood clotting. In case of illness, the animal may also experience other symptoms - for example, red spots on the ears and gums, pale gums. Also, the cat may not want to get out of bed in the morning and will lie all day due to loss of strength and lethargy.
Reduced blood clotting in cats can occur due to diseases such as viral leukemia and viral immunodeficiency. It can be caused by side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. Another common reason is as a result of pathologies of the systems responsible for blood clotting, for example, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, liver failure, hemophilia.
Note! Strong purulent discharge with blood from the eyes or nose may also indicate the presence of worms.
Blood when sneezing
Bleeding when sneezing can be caused by inflammation or irritation of the nasal mucosa. As a result of prolonged and severe sneezing, heavy bleeding may occur, as well as a slowdown in natural blood clotting.
Blood when sneezing
If your pet does not stop sneezing blood for a long time (more than 1-2 days), you should urgently contact a veterinarian. At home, it is very difficult to determine the cause of the disease, much less help the animal. First aid can be effective depending on the situation, but if the cause of the bleeding is unclear, then doing it on your own can even harm the cat.
Note! If cuts and scratches are noticed in the nose, they will need to be treated. For this, it is best to use an antiseptic without a strong odor, a spray for cats, or a special wound-healing ointment.
Flux or periodontal disease
If you have symptoms of periodontal disease or gumboil in case of bleeding in the nasal cavity, you should contact your veterinarian. The pet's nasal or oral cavity may become swollen, which will become a serious obstacle to the animal's normal functioning.
Unpleasant smell
Bloody nasal discharge in animals may be accompanied by an unpleasant odor. The reasons may be different, for example, bad smell may occur as a result of foreign bodies entering the nose. If your cat sneezes with blood, there is nasal discharge green color and an unpleasant smell, then most likely the pet has picked up some kind of virus. These same symptoms appear in leukemia, so they should not be ignored.
Important! Diagnosis and treatment should be carried out exclusively by a specialist - inadequate assistance will only do harm.
Labored breathing
Difficulty breathing accompanied by bleeding may indicate swelling in the nasal cavity. It could be like malignant neoplasms, and swelling as a result of inflammation or an allergic reaction. The cause may also be a foreign body that has entered the nasal cavity.
The kitten has lost its appetite and is having difficulty breathing
Loss of appetite
Loss of appetite, general weakness and lethargy are most often observed in infectious diseases. Sometimes an animal may refuse to eat due to pain in the mouth and nose during chewing. In this case, the pet should be checked for tumors in both cavities.
Diagnosis and treatment
Only a veterinarian can determine the cause of bleeding in a cat, based on the results comprehensive survey animal.
When your nose bleeds
The “severity” of therapy directly depends on the underlying underlying cause. When infectious disease(colds) the animal will have to undergo a course of treatment with antibiotics and antimicrobials. If the cause of bleeding is a severe illness in the mouth or a tumor in the nasal cavity, then surgery will most likely be required.
If the diagnosis does not reveal any serious pathologies, then the approach to therapy is greatly simplified. In this case, you should apply cold to the pet's nose, and also use vasoconstrictor medications that can help stop the bleeding.
How to properly treat a cat
When he sneezes blood
Before contacting a doctor, the owner should carefully monitor the cat's behavior. If sneezing is not frequent, mucus is released from the nose along with blood, the animal’s breathing is difficult, and swelling around the eyes begins to appear, then the kitten is probably suffering from allergies. In this situation, the only way out is to stop the pet's contact with allergens.
In case of increased body temperature, apathy and weakness, cough accompanied by nasal discharge, the animal should be checked for the presence of an infectious disease. As already mentioned, antibiotics are prescribed to animals for infections.
Important! If tumors are detected, a biopsy is performed and the feasibility of surgery is assessed.
If bleeding is caused by complex injuries and deep penetration of a foreign object into the body, then most often they resort to surgical methods.
Prevention is better than any cure. You should not bring the animal to a painful state; the problem should be stopped in the bud. Your pet should be taken to the veterinarian at least once a quarter for preventative purposes. Professional doctor will be able to detect signs in a timely manner dangerous pathology threatening the health of the cat.
The article provides an opportunity to understand why such a problem may occur and answers questions about how best to deal with it and what to look for in solving the most common difficulties with bleeding in kittens.
The kitten has a nosebleed and is sneezing: causes and treatment
If your kitten bleeds when sneezing, you might want to think about whether he might have inhaled something. Chemical substance which could cause these symptoms. The kitten must be taken to a doctor immediately, but if this is not possible, then you should try to stop the bleeding and sneezing at home.
This can be done in the following ways: apply ice compresses to the kitten or give the pet a vasoconstrictor.
The kitten has bleeding from the nose and mouth, eyes, what should I do?
The kitten may bleed from the eyes, nose and mouth, perhaps in cases where it has fallen from some height, or it has eaten some kind of poison. In any case, a doctor’s examination is necessary, and the sooner the better, since nothing can be done to help the kitten at home.
A kitten's nose bleeds after a fall or a blow all day long, what is it and how to help at home
If hit, the kitten could hurt itself, just like soft fabrics, and so are the bones. In such cases, it is necessary to immediately take the kitten to a veterinary clinic for an x-ray and examination. At home you can make things worse for your kitten.
How to stop a cat's nose bleeding
If a cat has blood flowing from its nose, then, firstly, you should not panic, because nervous excitement transmitted to cats, which in their case is extremely harmful, as it leads to increased blood pressure.
Secondly, you need to apply a cold compress to the back of your cat's nose, making sure that your pet does not block his breathing.
If the bleeding has not stopped and the cat has breathing problems, the animal must be immediately shown to a veterinarian. If everything is fine with breathing and the blood has stopped, there is no need to panic.
When the blood stops flowing, you should take a napkin and water and clean the animal’s nose.
Nosebleeds may be a sign serious illnesses, including injuries, and is manifested by the appearance of drops of blood when sneezing or the constant release of drops or streams of blood from one or both nostrils.
What to do if you suspect or discover a nosebleed in your pet?
First aid
Let's say you're at home and your cat starts bleeding and won't stop.
- Try to calm the animal. When cats are excited, just like people, their blood pressure increases, which increases bleeding. Without consultation with veterinarian Do not give the animal any sedatives.
- Ask family members to remain quiet and calm, as nervous excitement is transmitted from owners to animals. Again, let us recall the chain: excitement - increased blood pressure - nosebleeds.
- Place an ice pack on the bridge of your cat's nose. Make sure this does not obstruct breathing. Cold promotes contraction blood vessels which reduces bleeding.
- If after taking the measures the bleeding does not stop or the animal has problems breathing, immediately contact veterinary clinic or call an emergency veterinarian.
While waiting for the doctor or on the way to the clinic
be calm, concentrate and remember some details that will have great importance to make a diagnosis.
- Make a list medicines that you are currently giving to your cat.
- Is there rat poison in your house or apartment, or perhaps your cat might have eaten poisoned rodents?
- Carefully examine the animal's face. You may find asymmetry or deformation, swelling of the bridge of the nose, changes in the integrity or color of the skin on the bridge of the nose, a protruding and reddened third eyelid, unequal size of the eyeballs, and lacrimation. Bring this to the doctor's attention.
- Did the cat play too active games with another animal? Did she go for a walk without your supervision? Maybe there was a fight?
- Has there been contact with plants that have hard awns? For example, such as wheat or rye.
- Does the animal sneeze? Does he rub his nose with his paws?
- Open the animal's mouth as wide as possible, inspect the gums and lips. Is there blood in the mouth? Do you notice dryness and marbled coloration of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and conjunctiva? This may indicate a large loss of blood, and urgent hospitalization may be required. Please draw the attention of the clinic reception staff to this; the doctor must accept such a patient without waiting in line.
- Are there any signs of bleeding from internal organs? Intestinal bleeding may be accompanied by black, soiled stool. Sign stomach bleeding is vomiting blood. Attention! If these signs appear after a nosebleed, it may be due to a nosebleed as the cat has swallowed a significant amount of blood.
- Are there any hemorrhages on the skin, swelling on the body (there may be subcutaneous bleeding)?
This information must be passed on to the doctor during the examination.
To make a diagnosis, in addition to a general clinical examination, the following diagnostic tests may be required.
Blood and urine tests
Clinical blood tests (with mandatory platelet count) and urine are required to evaluate general condition health and degree of blood loss, biochemical blood test to assess the functioning of internal organs. As a rule, a study of the blood coagulation system is carried out (the blood coagulation rate and coagulogram are assessed).
Detected deviations from the norm may indicate a blood clotting disorder:
- by reducing the number of platelets in the blood (for example, with autoimmune thrombocytopenia, feline viral leukemia, feline viral immunodeficiency, side effect some drugs for chemotherapy, hemangiosarcoma and other tumors)
- because of pathological changes blood coagulation system (for example, in case of hemolytic poisoning, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, liver failure, von Willebrand disease and true hemophilia).
If the results laboratory research is normal, then the problem probably lies in the nasal cavity itself. But before examining the nasal passages you should:
- exclude conditions accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage - lung tumor, pulmonary edema, trauma lung tissue. For this purpose they carry out chest x-ray.
- exclude arterial hypertension, since when increasing blood pressure small capillaries of the nasal mucosa rupture, which leads to bleeding. To do this, the cat's blood pressure is measured.
If everything is fine with the lungs, proceed to X-ray examination of the nose, superficial rhinoscopy and dental examination, all these procedures require general anesthesia.
They start with x-rays, since other methods can injure tissue. Radiography allows you to assess the condition of the roots of the teeth and sinuses. In the case of a nasal tumor on x-ray an area of bone destruction may be visible.
During superficial rhinoscopy, the nasal cavity is examined and foreign objects that cause bleeding are removed from it.
When examining the oral cavity, teeth are cleaned, turning Special attention on the roots, since a tooth root abscess often affects the nasal sinus cavity.
What's next
If using standard methods studies fail to make a diagnosis, conduct deep endoscopic examination nasal passages. During the study, a tissue biopsy is taken, but only if indicated, as there is a risk of increased bleeding. Additionally, for some reasons it may be difficult to obtain an informative tissue sample:
- the growth of nasal tumors is often accompanied by severe inflammation, which masks the oncological process
- in conditions of bleeding, it is difficult to select a tissue site for puncture.
Detection of a tumor of the facial part of the skull as a result of X-ray examination is an absolute indication for biopsy, since the prognosis of the disease largely depends on the type of tumor.
In conclusion
it must be said that sometimes bleeding areas are only accessible for examination surgical method. This procedure is the most traumatic and is accompanied by heavy bleeding, therefore, it is used only in exceptional cases to remove a hard-to-reach foreign object or take a tissue sample.
