Nausea is characterized by a feeling of heaviness in the pit of the stomach and in the throat, accompanied by pale skin and dizziness. Vomiting is a consequence of nausea when the stomach suddenly empties through the mouth. Nausea and vomiting may occur due to various reasons: poisoning food products or harmful chemicals(not only when swallowed, but also when inhaled), motion sickness in transport, general weakness of the body, damage to the central nervous system, toxicosis during pregnancy or various chronic or infectious diseases. What to do with nausea and vomiting to alleviate your condition? We will talk about this in our article.
What to do if you feel sick?
If you feel slightly nauseous but have no urge to vomit, drink cold water, open the windows, lie down if possible: this may help if nausea is caused by fatigue, overwork or stress. If nausea persists, inhale the vapors ammonia, drink a few drops of mint tincture, take a validol tablet. If nausea is a sign “ seasickness"(or motion sickness), then sucking on lollipops effectively helps. If you feel the urge to vomit, then the main thing to do with nausea is to try to induce vomiting. To trigger a gag reflex, press your fingers on the root of your tongue.
What to do if you vomit?
The first rule of what to do when vomiting is to drink as much fluid as possible. It can be plain or mineral water, tea. First, water will help induce vomiting more quickly, which will help cleanse the body of toxic substances that led to nausea. And secondly, during severe vomiting, the body is at risk of severe dehydration, which can even lead to fatal outcome, if you do not regularly replenish fluid reserves in the body. Do not stop vomiting under any circumstances; on the contrary, help the body get rid of excess. If you have already vomited several times, but the nausea and vomiting have not stopped, consult a doctor for qualified help.
Activated charcoal will help cleanse the stomach (take it at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight), there are also others medications, but they can only be taken on the recommendation of a doctor. Activated carbon is still accepted.
There are also folk remedies against nausea and vomiting: for example, infusion of peppermint leaves, lemon balm, dill water. These are harmless remedies that will help with minor poisoning and stomach upsets. Another great remedy is grated ginger root, which can be added to dishes. Ginger is good for preventing motion sickness in transport and for toxicosis in pregnant women.
What should pregnant women do about nausea and vomiting?
Nausea and vomiting early stages pregnancy is normal phenomenon, which should not cause fear. Toxicosis usually disappears after the third month of pregnancy. In any case, report toxicosis to your doctor.
Medicines during pregnancy should be taken with caution and only under the supervision of a specialist, but there are several safe ways alleviate the course of toxicosis:
Eat often, but in small portions;
In the morning, do not have a heavy breakfast, but make do with water with lemon, sour juice or green tea with breadcrumbs;
Watch your diet, notice which foods or smells make you feel nauseous, and avoid them.
If you experience nausea and vomiting quite often and without any visible reasons– this may be caused serious illness. In this case, you do not need to decide what to do with nausea and vomiting, but treat the cause of these unpleasant phenomena.
Video - What to do if a child is vomiting?
Nausea and vomiting are symptoms that can occur in a person at the most unexpected time. this moment. Therefore, it will be useful to know what to do in such cases (especially when the necessary medications are not at hand). Tips and recommendations on what to do when vomiting will be useful to almost every person.
First of all, it should be noted that in most cases one cannot resist the gag reflex, since it is a protective measure of the body against intoxication and poisoning. When a person begins to vomit, poisonous substances (toxins) come out along with the contents of the stomach, which promotes recovery.
However, there is one exception that you should definitely pay attention to - this is if the vomit is stained with blood, or the vomit is dark (almost black) in color.
A dark red color indicates internal bleeding, and in such a situation, in no case should you provoke a gag reflex in a person, so as not to aggravate the situation. At bloody vomiting It is necessary to urgently call a doctor, and carefully lay the patient on his side. It is also advisable to provide access fresh air, and apply a cold compress or an ice heating pad to your stomach.
What to do for common symptoms of vomiting
If this is not observed, then you need to allow the body to free itself from toxic substances. When a person feels that he is starting to feel sick, and the reason for this is something from food that he has eaten relatively recently, then the following actions must be taken:
What to do if you feel sick in a public place
Obviously, it is much easier to cope with illness when you are in your own home. What to do if a similar situation happened to a person far from the apartment (for example, in public transport, on the street or at work)?
First of all, you need to quickly assess your condition. If it seems that there will be no vomiting, and the nausea can be “endured” (this is undesirable, but circumstances force it), then you should take one of the following medications, thanks to which the nausea will stop:
These medications allow you to avoid the stage of vomiting and also slightly improve a person’s well-being. Anything can happen, so you should always have at least something from this list with you. If you don’t have any medications with you, then we can recommend the following algorithm of actions:
- The patient needs to find a quiet and peaceful place where he can sit or even lie. Do not make sudden movements.
- Take deep breaths and exhales.
- Do not make rapid eye movements, as this may cause vomiting. It is best to close your eyes for a while or look closely at some thing that is in front of your eyes. The nausea should go away.
When it becomes clear from your feelings that vomiting in a public place cannot be avoided, then all that remains is to find a bag and a secluded corner and hope for the understanding of the people around you, since this can happen to anyone.
Vomiting in adults and children
Every man of sense should know what to do when vomiting in adults and children, since in some cases this knowledge can save a person’s life. Children's body often vulnerable to various kinds infections. The child’s stomach may reject this or that food, or react this way to acute unpleasant experiences. Children get sick, and there is nothing wrong with that.
However, if the child's vomiting becomes frequent, that is, more than once or twice an hour, then this is a reason to call a doctor at home. Be sure to look out for some other warning signs:
Adults should not take their health lightly either. This is an important question - with nausea and vomiting, and what should you refrain from. Sometimes it is enough to drink a drug such as no-spa when vomiting. Nevertheless, in some cases, instead of solutions and tablets, you need to take your feet in your hands and run to the doctors. A mature person should pay attention to whether the following signs are present during nausea and vomiting:
Self-medication often causes a deterioration in the patient's condition. And by constantly doing this, people can turn a fairly ordinary situation into a hopeless one. If a person wants to treat himself, then he should know what certain actions can lead to.
What absolutely should not be done if you have nausea and vomiting
Do not take antibiotics (unless prescribed by a doctor). If the cause was gastritis or an ulcer, and the person is taking anti-infective drugs, then such treatment will be useless at best.
If a person vomited at night, then he should not go to work in the morning! The fact is that the body is weakened after vomiting, and it needs at least a day to fully recover; otherwise, nausea may return at the most inopportune moment.
The use of folk remedies to combat nausea and vomiting is highly discouraged. Strange recipes like “dried watermelon rind added to a tincture with dried calendula and linden petals soaked in sourdough bread” will be useless at best.
List of remedies that help with nausea and vomiting
- Adsorbent substances such as polysorb, enterosgel, smecta and carbolong. They are inexpensive, so these drugs (at least one of them) should be in every home medicine cabinet.
- Saline solutions (home remedies). The following recipe is quite suitable: dissolve a teaspoon of salt, half a teaspoon (small) of soda and six teaspoons of sugar in one liter of water. The resulting solution should be drunk slowly, taking one sip every few minutes.
- Saline solutions (medicines). Solutions such as rehydron and gastrolit are considered the most effective. They not only replenish lost moisture, but also prevent dehydration in the future. This also includes hydrovit, orolite and dextrose solution.
- Sorbent No. 1 for any poisoning and intoxication - . You should take into account the porous structure of the tablet, due to which the tablet absorbs only those poisonous substances that have not yet had time to dissolve in the blood. In case of severe poisoning of one activated carbon won't be enough.
- Tinctures. Some have long proven their effectiveness in the fight against certain diseases. Tincture of mint leaves is an excellent remedy for normalizing well-being. Wild berries (in particular blueberries) are also recommended for treatment.
It is necessary to drink a lot in order to restore the moisture lost during vomiting. You should temporarily avoid caffeine-containing drinks, as well as alcohol and any soda. It is best to drink warm water or green tea.
Nobody likes to feel sick, but sometimes it's unavoidable. Vomiting is a natural reaction of the body to harmful substances or irritation in the digestive tract. In most cases, vomiting is harmless and does not recur. To make vomiting easier, follow these tips.
Steps
Part 1
How to Prepare for Vomiting- If you are outside your home, try to get away from people and their property. There's nothing more infuriating than having a car puked on by some drunk. So find some forest or wasteland and do your dirty work in this place.
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Make sure vomiting is truly inevitable. Some people feel nauseous and wonder if they should vomit. Indeed, if there is no particular need to vomit, then it is better to hold back. Others, feeling that they have clearly had too much to drink, understand: cleansing the stomach is inevitable. Pay attention to these obvious signs that you or someone else is about to throw up:
Try to prevent nausea and vomiting before it is too late. There are several ways to stop gagging. Try this and maybe one of these will help you stop vomiting:
Wait until you vomit, or induce vomiting yourself. If you give your body enough time, it will induce vomiting. If you don’t want to wait for everything to happen on its own, and want to complete the unpleasant task as soon as possible, use the following emetics:
Try to hit the target. Now that you're sure you should throw up, accuracy is your next goal. When you feel like vomiting, bend over so that your mouth is as close to the toilet or bucket as possible. If you're outdoors, the closer you lean to the ground, the less splashing you'll get.
Have a drink. When you vomit, drink water. It will wash away the sour taste in your mouth. Also, your stomach won't be empty in case you throw up again: vomiting on an empty stomach can be very painful.
Part 2
How to recognize dangerous symptoms-
Know that most of the time vomiting is normal, but sometimes it can be a symptom of more serious problems with health. A very common cause of vomiting is gastroenteritis. This is inflammation gastrointestinal tract, which, although it causes painful sensations, but is not a serious disease.
You should consult a doctor if:
- Nausea lasts more than a few days or there is a possibility of pregnancy.
- Home remedies are not effective, you suspect dehydration, or you are vomiting as a result of an injury.
- Vomiting continues for more than one day or is accompanied by diarrhea that lasts more than 24 hours.
- For infants: vomiting continues for more than several hours, there is diarrhea and signs of dehydration, the temperature rises above 38°C, or the child has not urinated for six hours.
- For children over six years of age: vomiting continues for more than a day, diarrhea in combination with vomiting continues for more than 24 hours, there are signs of dehydration, the temperature rises above 39 ° C, or the child has not urinated for six hours.
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Consult a specialist if you think you have a disorder eating behavior, such as bulimia. Bulimia involves the desire to vomit after eating in order to control weight. People with bulimia eat in a short period of time great amount
food (gluttony) and then look for a way to get rid of food (purging). Bulimia requires psychological counseling, but it is treatable.
Part 3- How to prevent nausea
- If you feel like vomiting, lean forward and take deep breaths. Try not to panic, although you will feel discomfort.
- Pinch your nose while vomiting. This will prevent vomit and acid from getting into your nose and sinuses.
- Keep a bowl or sturdy trash bag nearby in case you don't make it to the toilet in time. Some people feel better when someone is close to them when they vomit. If it helps, ask a friend, family member, or spouse to come and hold your hand. However, this may not be the most best idea
- , because some people experience “compassionate vomiting”: when they see or hear others vomiting, their gag reflex is also triggered.
- Most often, vomiting is a necessity. This is how your body lets you know that you shouldn’t have eaten another marshmallow, drank another glass, or ran an extra kilometer.
- If you do not hold your nose and vomit gets into it, blow your nose thoroughly so that nothing remains in your nose.
- If you have long hair, pull it back and tie or pin it up to avoid getting dirty. If you don't have an elastic band or a bobby pin handy, hold your hair with your hand or ask someone next to you to hold it.
- If you are on the street, it is better to vomit on the grass rather than on the asphalt. There will be less splashing.
- Pay attention to what symptoms and sensations preceded vomiting, so that next time you know what to expect.
- If you are not alone, warn those around you that you are about to vomit so that it does not become an unpleasant, smelly surprise for them.
- If you used a bucket or basin, simply empty the contents into the toilet and flush. It will be even easier if you pour some water into the container before vomiting.
If you vomit on the street, it is better to do it at an angle of 45° to the ground. In this position, the vomit falls on the ground further away from you and is splashed less.
- Warnings
- If you have long hair, tie it back if possible to avoid getting dirty.
- If you are vomiting while pregnant or taking medications, consult your doctor.
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Find where to get things done. If you are at home, then best choice there will be a toilet, sink, bucket or basin. However, problems may arise with the sink. If the drain becomes clogged, you will have to fish out your own vomit with your hands.
In rare cases it is associated with bacterial infection, to eliminate which it is necessary drug treatment. However, in most cases it goes away on its own within a few days. However, vomiting can also occur with other diseases and conditions, some of which require medical intervention.
Causes of vomiting
Symptoms of vomiting
You can cope on your own with vomiting associated with motion sickness, overeating, large amounts of alcohol, or.
For vomiting that is acute and persistent or repeated several times after a head injury, for signs of dehydration, dry mouth, intense urination, changes in mental or functional activity in older people, as well as for vomiting accompanied by rigidity occipital muscles, if there is blood in the vomit or if they resemble coffee grounds, you need to urgently apply for medical care(call an ambulance).
What can you do
Adults are advised to give their stomach a rest. Do not eat or drink anything for at least 2 hours. As soon as the nausea stops, you can start drinking, but little by little. It is best to drink water, low-fat broth, sweet tea or still soda and mineral water. Drink often, but in small portions and small sips. Drinks containing caffeine, dairy products, citrus fruits, alcoholic beverages, as well as taking (aspirin) and ibuprofen are not recommended. If the vomiting does not continue for a long time and is not too severe, no medication may be given. The vomiting should stop on its own within a few hours.
After 6-8 hours you can start eating. Choose light dishes, best porridge with water, low-fat soup, rice. Also eat small meals.
Avoid spicy and fried foods for 1-2 days.
Children with severe vomiting are recommended to be given a special solution once an hour to restore the amount of fluid in the body. Avoid giving your child very sweet, salty or sour drinks. You need to drink a small amount of liquid, in small sips. When the vomiting stops and your child has an appetite, offer him lean meats, yogurt, bananas, vegetables, rice, potatoes, bread or any grains. Vomiting usually does not lead to long-term loss of appetite in children.
What can a doctor do?
The doctor can determine the cause of vomiting and eliminate it, prescribe medications, and refer you to the hospital if necessary.
Preventive measures
If you are traveling with children by car, place the child in the front seat so that he looks out the windshield (not the side). This will prevent motion sickness and nausea.
At severe cough And high temperature Give children mild antipyretics. In children under 6 years of age, fever and cough often cause vomiting.
Eating and drinking heavily, especially sweets and carbonated drinks, while playing or playing sports often causes vomiting in children. Don't let your child eat or drink a lot at snack times, limit the amount of sweets and carbonated drinks, and don't allow them to play or run around immediately after eating.
A periodically occurring feeling of nausea and vomiting in an adult is not always accompanied by other symptoms, including fever. Normal temperature in in this case is not evidence of a healthy state of the body. On the contrary, the absence of temperature when vomiting occurs indicates the presence of various pathologies. It is important to correctly and timely identify the causes of the problem and begin appropriate treatment.
Nausea and vomiting without fever appears after various reasons. These include food poisoning, the state of stress in which the patient is, and digestive problems such as diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, dysbiosis and stomach flu.
Can cause vomiting without fever, hangover, migraine, motion sickness. Sometimes the cause can be determined independently, but if it is not obvious (as, for example, in case of poisoning or hangover syndrome), it is better to consult a specialist.
Food poisoning
Food poisoning is accompanied not only by vomiting, but also by diarrhea and fever. However, minor intoxication can cause only one serious symptom in the form of a reflex eruption of stomach contents. Although sometimes the state of poisoning of the body is also accompanied by convulsions, a decrease in blood pressure, and even loss of consciousness.
Poisoning is caused by ingestion of some inedible or toxic substances and ordinary food products that somehow contain toxic bacteria. Symptoms of poisoning also occur after taking certain medications. The main thing is to identify the cause in time and drink more fluids.
Stressful and neurotic state
Constant stressful situations in your personal life or during work can lead to the appearance of symptoms similar to signs of poisoning - vomiting and nausea without change temperature regime. This occurs due to the fact that the body activates protective reactions to stress. Sometimes the symptoms are accompanied by severe headaches.
Symptoms often appear in a person shortly before some important event. In most cases, nausea goes away within a few hours or a couple of days. If improvement does not occur on the third day, you should contact a neurologist. Of course, for this you need to be sure of the cause of the problem - in other situations with similar symptoms, specialist help is required much earlier.
Stomach flu
One of the most common diseases that causes vomiting without fever is intestinal flu. You can get it from another infected person - through contaminated food, unwashed hands and household items. Epidemic periods of intestinal flu usually occur in the autumn-winter period.
TO additional symptoms diseases include diarrhea, the frequency of which can reach up to 10 or more times a day. In this case, the stool becomes liquid and has bad smell and may take on a greenish tint. Diarrhea causes the body to lose large amounts of fluid, which leads to dehydration. The patient's condition may return to normal after a few days, but final recovery, even after starting treatment, occurs only within a month.
Gastrointestinal diseases
Vomiting and nausea without fever can also be caused by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract:
- gastritis, to additional features which includes general weakness of the body;
- pancreatitis, which can also be recognized by symptoms such as girdle pain extending beyond the left shoulder blade or sternum;
- gastroduodenitis, which usually occurs in an adult either without an increase in temperature or with a slight change in temperature (up to 37–37 degrees), and is accompanied by heartburn, loss of appetite and a feeling of heaviness in the stomach.
Sometimes enterocolitis can develop against the background of other gastrointestinal diseases. Additional symptoms include general weakness and the appearance of mucous or blood in the stool. Treatment for most of these diseases is prescribed after examination by a gastroenterologist, or less often by a surgeon.
Dysbacteriosis
In fact, dysbiosis is not a disease - rather, it is a condition of the body. Its causes are usually:
- long-term use of antibiotics;
- improper diet;
- prolonged (mainly due to lack of normal treatment) stomach upset.
Sometimes the state of dysbacteriosis is accompanied by diarrhea; the patient may complain of discomfort in the epigastric region (approximately in the upper part of the stomach) and increased gas formation. If the problem is caused by taking antibiotic drugs, chills may be added to the symptoms.
Toxicosis or hangover
A hangover also causes vomiting without a change in temperature. Its appearance is the result of the following factors:
- poisoning of the body with alcohol products
- dehydration caused frequent urination due to alcohol abuse;
- metabolic disorders in the body, which fights poisoning and consumes vitamins, macro- and microelements.
A hangover occurs in the morning and its symptoms disappear by the afternoon. If the symptoms continue, you can try to fix the problem folk remedies or by contacting your doctor.
Other reasons
Nausea and vomiting without fever can be caused by the following reasons:
- falls and blows;
- motion sickness when traveling by transport (car, bus, boat);
- migraine;
- meningitis;
- anorexia or bulimia.
In some cases, nausea appears after taking anti-tuberculosis and hormonal medications. Similar symptoms are observed in workers industrial enterprises, whose body is exposed to airborne heavy metals. The cause of nausea and vomiting in women is toxicosis during pregnancy.
First aid
If vomiting occurs without a change in temperature and there is no obvious reasons(alcohol syndrome or pregnancy), it is advisable to call an ambulance to the patient. Before the doctors arrive, you should try to rinse his stomach by giving him 1 to 1.5 liters of water to drink. The liquid must be heated to a temperature human body– up to approximately 35–37 degrees. In addition, the patient is placed in bed, ensuring rest, and a basin for vomiting is placed within reach.
While waiting for an ambulance or if it is impossible to contact doctors at this very moment, the patient should be given a painkiller. TO suitable drugs include “No-shpu”, “Drotaverine” and “Spazmalgon”. All other medications should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor.
Features of treatment
To eliminate vomiting without fever and the reasons that caused these symptoms, treatment with medications is used, first of all. Folk remedies have an additional positive effect on the patient’s body, the use of which should be discussed with a doctor. Will speed up recovery and adherence to a proper diet.
Drug therapy
Medicines to eliminate symptoms are prescribed by a doctor only on the basis of a diagnosis made based on the results of a CT or MRI of the brain, ECG, blood and urine tests, ultrasound of the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. If vomiting occurs due to severe intoxication of the body, the following is most often prescribed:
- "Polysorb";
- "Atoxil";
- Activated carbon.
To get rid of vomiting, the patient is usually given "Cerucal", "Hofitol" and. If symptoms are accompanied by diarrhea, probiotics such as Acipol, Dialact, Linex and Bifidumbacterin are prescribed. In cases where the causes of vomiting were relatively harmless, and there is no particular risk to the body, medications may not be prescribed - it is enough to follow an appropriate diet.
Folk remedies
Traditional medicine offers to get rid of vomiting using the following recipes:
- Yarrow decoction- 1 tbsp. l. medicinal herbs are poured with heated water, brought to a boil over the fire and infused for at least 30 minutes. The product is taken in 2 tbsp. l. every half hour. As your health improves, the frequency of use is reduced to 3 times a day.
- Infusion of lemon balm leaves. You can prepare it from 1 tbsp. l. dried raw materials and a glass of boiling water. Infuse the product for at least half an hour, take 2-3 tbsp. l. in 3 hours.
- Ginger water- 1 tsp. grated ginger, pour a glass of boiling water and leave for 10 minutes. To improve the taste, add honey or lemon juice. Take the drug when nausea occurs, 2 tsp.
Treatment with folk remedies is recommended only as a complementary therapy. You should not expect that with their help you can completely get rid of the problem without consulting a doctor. However, with the help of such relatively easy-to-prepare infusions and decoctions, the patient’s condition can be significantly improved.
Nutrition and care features
In addition to treatment, the patient is prescribed a certain diet. The diet of a person with vomiting without fever may include the following foods:
- black tea with crackers;
- rice water (or porridge);
- light soups;
- zero-fat kefir;
- boiled meat.
Eating spicy, fried and spicy foods is not allowed. Refusal recommended bad habits such as alcohol and smoking. The patient should not drink carbonated drinks. When consumed mineral water You should definitely consult a doctor - each type is intended to improve the health status of a specific disease.
Seeing a doctor
There are several signs that complement vomiting without fever, indicating the need for urgent medical attention. These include:
- the patient's heartbeat is faster than usual;
- the appearance of cramps and loss of strength;
- stomach ache;
- loss of consciousness;
- increased nervous excitability;
- pale skin.
Seek medical attention immediately if you suspect food poisoning, and in cases where the cause of vomiting is most likely a head injury. The color of the vomit also helps to understand the seriousness of the problem. If its main shade is pink or yellow-green, the causes of the symptoms are very serious and you should not postpone a visit to the hospital.
Prevention
You can prevent vomiting without fever by following these recommendations:
- observing personal hygiene, including mandatory hand washing before eating and after visiting public places;
- eating meat and fish dishes only after heat treatment;
- periodically passing medical examinations to identify gastrointestinal diseases and other health problems in the early stages.
To prevent symptoms from arising as a result alcohol intoxication You should be more careful about drinking alcohol. And to avoid such a state caused by stress, a calm attitude towards problems and, if possible, avoidance will help stressful situations and thoughts. Compliance with these rules will significantly reduce the risk of vomiting without fever and the discomfort associated with these symptoms.
