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Prosthetics and implantation

Serious problems with mild symptoms. Lungs

/ 28.02.2018

Lung diseases and their symptoms. Signs, classification and prevention of major lung diseases.

Lung diseases in humans are considered one of the most dangerous (after heart diseases). The list of them is quite long, but the frequency of occurrence and the danger to life of the diseases are not the same. At the same time, every competent person who treats himself with care should be aware of all possible ailments and their manifestations. After all, as you know, early access to a doctor greatly increases the chances of a successful outcome of treatment.

The most common lung diseases in humans: list, symptoms, prognosis

People often confuse common diseases of the respiratory system with those that are specific to the lungs. In principle, there is nothing wrong with this if the patient does not try to cure himself, but clarifies the diagnosis with a doctor who can accurately determine the type of lung disease in a person. The list of the most “popular” of them includes:

Pleurisy. Most often caused by a viral infection. One of the few pulmonary diseases accompanied by pain. As you know, there are no nerve endings in the lungs themselves, and they cannot hurt. Unpleasant sensations are caused by friction of the pleura. In mild forms, pleurisy goes away on its own, but it doesn’t hurt to see a doctor.
Pneumonia. It often begins as pleurisy, but is much more dangerous. A deep cough is very painful. Treatment must be professional, otherwise it will be fatal.
Signs: shortness of breath, chest swelling, box sounds, weak breathing. Primary is eliminated by breathing exercises and oxygen therapy. Secondary requires long-term medical or even surgical intervention.
Tuberculosis. Everything is clear here: only medical supervision, long treatment and antibiotics.
Tumors, including the second disease, accompanied by pain. Forecasts are usually pessimistic.

If we talk about lung diseases in humans, the list, of course, is not limited to this list. However, the rest are much rarer and often difficult to diagnose.

What do we pay attention to?

There are a number of signs that appear in almost any lung disease in humans. The list of symptoms can be presented as follows:

Cough. Depending on the disease, it can be either dry or wet, painless or accompanied by pain.
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth.
Snoring - if you haven't suffered from it before.
Shortness of breath, difficulty breathing or, in some cases, suffocation. Any changes in the rhythm or depth of breathing are a signal to immediately visit the clinic.
Chest pain is usually caused by heart problems. But pulmonary diseases can also cause it in the above cases.
Lack of oxygen, up to pale and blue skin, fainting and convulsions.

All these signs strongly suggest that a visit to the doctor cannot be postponed. He will make a diagnosis after listening, additional tests, and maybe an x-ray.

Rare but dangerous

A few words should be said about such a human lung disease as pneumothorax. He is often forgotten even experienced doctors, and it can manifest itself even in a completely healthy and young person. Pneumothorax is caused by the rupture of a small bubble in the lungs, which leads to their collapse, that is, deairing. Manifested by shortness of breath and severe pain; if urgent measures are not taken, it leads to the adhesion of part of the lung, and often death.

Pneumothorax is more often observed in patients with emphysema, but can also occur in a person who has never suffered from pulmonary diseases.

Specific diseases

Some lung diseases are caused by a person's chosen profession. Thus, chronic pulmonary obstruction or silicosis is typical for workers in the chemical industry, and pulmonary barotrauma is typical for divers. However, people are usually warned about the possibility of such diseases, pay enough attention to prevention and undergo regular medical examinations.

Lung diseases - symptoms and treatment.

Pulmonary embolism causes a blood clot to become lodged in the lungs. In most cases, embolisms are not fatal, but the clot can damage the lungs. Symptoms: sudden shortness of breath, sharp chest pain when taking a deep breath, pink, foamy cough discharge, acute feeling of fear, weakness, slow heartbeat.

Pneumothorax This is an air leak in the chest. It creates pressure in the chest. A simple pneumothorax can be treated quickly, but if you wait several days, surgery will be needed to unload the lungs. Those affected by this disease experience sudden and sharp pain on one side of the lungs and a fast heart rate.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

COPD is a mixture of two various diseases: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Narrowing of the airways makes breathing difficult. The first symptoms of the disease: rapid fatigue after light work, even moderate exercise makes breathing difficult. You feel cold in your chest, the expectoration becomes yellow or greenish in color, and weight loss is uncontrollable. Bending over to put on your shoes reveals a lack of air to breathe. The causes of chronic disease are smoking and protein deficiency.

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the mucous tissue that covers the bronchi. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. Acute bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial epithelium caused by an infection or virus. Bronchitis One of the common symptoms of bronchitis is a cough, an increase in the amount of mucus in the bronchi. Other common symptoms are sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, mild fever, fatigue. In acute bronchitis, it is important to drink expectorants. They remove mucus from the lungs and reduce inflammation.

The first sign of chronic bronchitis is a lingering cough. If the cough persists for about 3 or more months a year over the course of two years, doctors determine that the patient has chronic bronchitis. In the case of chronic bacterial bronchitis, the cough lasts longer than 8 weeks with copious discharge of yellow mucus.

Cystic fibrosis is hereditary disease. The cause of the disease is the entry of digestive fluid, sweat and mucus into the lungs through the producing cells. This is a disease not only of the lungs, but also of pancreatic dysfunction. Fluids accumulate in the lungs and create an environment for bacteria to grow. One of the first obvious signs illness - salty taste of skin.

Prolonged constant cough, breathing with a sound similar to a whistle, acute pain during inspiration - first signs of pleurisy, inflammation of the pleura. The pleura is the covering of the chest cavity. Symptoms include dry cough, fever, chills, and severe chest pain.

Asbestos is a group of minerals. During operation, products containing fine asbestos fibers are released into the air. These fibers accumulate in the lungs. Asbestosis causes difficulty breathing, pneumonia, cough, lung cancer.

Research shows that exposure to asbestos causes the development of other types of cancer: gastrointestinal, kidney, bladder, gall bladder, and throat cancers. If a production worker notices a cough that does not go away for a long time, chest pain, poor appetite, a dry sound similar to a crack comes out of his lungs when breathing - you should definitely do fluorography and contact a pulmonologist.

Cause of pneumonia is a lung infection. Symptoms: fever and breathing with great difficulty. Treatment of patients with pneumonia lasts from 2 to 3 weeks. The risk of developing the disease increases after the flu or cold. It is difficult for the body to fight infection and lung diseases when weakened after illness.

As a result of fluorography nodules detected? Don't panic. Whether it is cancer or not will be revealed by subsequent thorough diagnostics. This is a complex process. Has one or several nodules formed? Is its diameter greater than 4 cm? Does it adhere to the walls of the chest, or the muscles of the ribs? These are the main questions that a doctor should find out before deciding on surgery. The patient's age, smoking history, and in some cases additional diagnostics. Observation of the nodule continues for 3 months. Often unnecessary operations are performed due to patient panic. A non-cancerous cyst in the lungs can resolve with the right medication.

Pleural effusion This is an abnormal increase in the amount of fluid around the lungs. May be the result of many diseases. Not dangerous. Pleural effusion falls into two main categories: uncomplicated and complex.

The cause of uncomplicated pleural effusion: the amount of fluid in the pleura is slightly greater than the required amount. This illness can cause symptoms of a wet cough and chest pain. A neglected, simple pleural effusion can develop into a complex one. In the fluid accumulated in the pleura, bacteria and infections begin to multiply, and a focus of inflammation appears. If left untreated, the disease can create a ring around the lungs, the fluid eventually turning into astringent mucus. The type of pleural effusion can only be diagnosed from a fluid sample taken from the pleura.

Tuberculosis affects any organ of the body, but pulmonary tuberculosis is dangerous because it is transmitted by airborne droplets. If the tuberculosis bacterium is active, it causes tissue death in the organ. Active tuberculosis may be fatal outcome. Therefore, the goal of treatment is to remove tuberculosis infection from an open form to a closed form. It is possible to cure tuberculosis. You need to take the disease seriously, take medications and attend procedures. Do not use drugs under any circumstances, lead a healthy lifestyle.

Various lung diseases are quite common in Everyday life person. Most of the classified illnesses have severe symptoms of acute lung disease in humans and, if treated incorrectly, can lead to bad consequences. Pulmonology deals with the study of diseases.

Causes and signs of lung diseases

To determine the cause of any disease, you should contact a qualified specialist (pulmonologist), who will conduct thorough research and make a diagnosis.

Lung diseases are quite difficult to diagnose, so you need to undergo the entire list of recommended tests.

But there are common factors that can cause acute pulmonary infection:

There are a large number of objective signs characterizing lung disease. Their main symptoms:

Many of our readers actively use the Monastic Collection of Father George to treat coughs and improve their condition with bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, and tuberculosis. It contains 16 medicinal plants that are extremely effective in the treatment of chronic COUGH, bronchitis and cough caused by smoking.

Alveoli, the so-called air sacs, are the main functional ones. When the alveoli are damaged, individual lung pathologies are classified:

Diseases affecting the pleura and chest

The pleura is the thin sac that contains the lungs. When it is damaged, the following respiratory diseases occur:

Blood vessels are known to carry oxygen, and their disruption causes chest diseases:

. Violation of pressure in the pulmonary arteries gradually leads to the destruction of the organ and the appearance of primary signs diseases.
Pulmonary embolism. Often occurs with vein thrombosis, when a blood clot enters the lungs and blocks the supply of oxygen to the heart. This disease is characterized by sudden bleeding in the brain and death.

For constant pain in the chest, the following diseases are distinguished:

Hereditary and bronchopulmonary diseases

Hereditary respiratory diseases are transmitted from parents to child and can have several types. Basic:

Diseases of the bronchopulmonary system are based on acute respiratory infection. Most often, bronchopulmonary infectious diseases are characterized by mild malaise, gradually developing into an acute infection in both lungs.

Bronchopulmonary inflammatory diseases are caused by viral microorganisms. They affect the respiratory system and mucous membranes. Improper treatment can lead to the development of complications and the occurrence of more dangerous bronchopulmonary diseases.

The symptoms of a respiratory infection are very similar to the common cold, caused by viral bacteria. Infectious lung diseases develop very quickly and are of bacterial origin. These include:

pneumonia;
bronchitis;
asthma;
tuberculosis;
respiratory allergies;
pleurisy;
respiratory failure.

Infection in inflamed lungs develops rapidly. To avoid complications, a full range of treatment and prevention should be carried out.

Chest diseases such as pneumothorax, asphyxia, and physical causes severe pain and can cause breathing and lung problems. Here it is necessary to apply an individual treatment regimen, which has a sequence-related nature.

Suppurative diseases

Due to the increase purulent diseases the percentage of suppurative inflammations has increased causing problems with damaged lungs. Pulmonary purulent infection affects a significant part of the organ and can lead to serious complications. There are three main types of this pathology:

X-ray;
fluorography;
general blood analysis;
tomography;
bronchography;
testing for infections.

After all the studies performed, the doctor must determine individual plan treatment, necessary procedures and antibacterial therapy. It should be remembered that only strict adherence to all recommendations will lead to a quick recovery.

Compliance preventive measures for lung diseases significantly reduces the risk of their occurrence. To exclude respiratory diseases, you should adhere to simple rules:

maintaining a healthy lifestyle;
absence of bad habits;
moderate physical activity;
hardening of the body;
annual vacation on the seaside;
regular visits to a pulmonologist.

Every person should know the manifestations of the above diseases in order to quickly identify the symptoms of an incipient respiratory disease, and then seek treatment in time. qualified assistance, because health is one of the most valuable attributes of life!

The lungs are the main organ respiratory system human and consist of the pleura, bronchi and alveoli united into acini. In this organ, gas exchange of the body takes place: carbon dioxide, unsuitable for its vital functions, passes from the blood into the air, and oxygen received from the outside is carried through the bloodstream throughout all systems of the body. The basic function of the lungs may be impaired due to the development of any disease of the respiratory system or as a result of their damage (wound, accident, etc.). Lung diseases include: pneumonia, abscess, emphysema,.

Bronchitis

Bronchitis is a lung disease associated with inflammation of the bronchi, the constituent elements of the lungs. bronchial tree. Most often, the cause of the development of such inflammation is the penetration of a viral or bacterial infection into the body, lack of proper attention to throat diseases, and the ingestion of large amounts of dust and smoke into the lungs. For most people, bronchitis does not pose a serious danger; complications of the disease usually develop in smokers (even passive smokers), people with weakened immune systems, chronic heart and lung diseases, the elderly and young children.

The clinical picture of incipient acute bronchitis coincides with the clinical picture of ordinary colds. The first thing that appears is a cough, first dry, then with sputum. An increase in temperature may also occur. If left untreated, the inflammation can spread to the entire lung and cause pneumonia. Treatment of acute bronchitis is carried out with the use of anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs, expectorants, and drinking plenty of fluids. If the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection, antibiotics may be prescribed. Chronic bronchitis does not develop against the background of an incompletely cured acute form, as is the case with many diseases. Its cause may be prolonged irritation of the bronchi by smoke or chemicals. This pathology occurs in smokers or people working in hazardous industries. Main symptom chronic form bronchitis - cough with sputum discharge. Elimination of the disease is facilitated by changing lifestyle, quitting smoking, and ventilating the work area. To get rid of symptoms, bronchodilators are prescribed - special drugs that help expand the airways and make breathing easier by inhalation. During exacerbation, treatment with antibiotics or corticosteroids is recommended.

Alveolitis

Alveolitis is an inflammation of lung tissue with its subsequent degeneration into connective tissue. This disease should not be confused with alveolitis, which occurs after poor-quality tooth extraction. The main cause of the development of the inflammatory process in the lungs can be: allergies, infections, inhalation of toxic substances. The disease can be recognized by such signs as: headache and muscle pain, fever, aching bones, chills, shortness of breath, cough. Lack of treatment for pulmonary alveolitis leads to the development of respiratory failure. Measures to eliminate the main signs of the disease depend on the cause of its occurrence. In case of allergic alveolitis, the patient’s interaction with the allergen should be excluded and an antiallergic drug should be taken. At elevated temperature It is recommended to take antipyretic drugs, in case of severe cough - antitussives, expectorants. Quitting cigarettes promotes rapid recovery.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that occurs independently or as a complication of certain diseases of the respiratory system. Selected species pneumonia does not pose a danger to humans, while other types can be fatal. Lung infection is the most dangerous for newborns due to their still fragile immunity. The main symptoms of the disease are: heat, chills, chest pain, worse with deep inspiration, dry cough, blue lips, headaches, excessive sweating. The most common complications of pneumonia include: inflammation of the lining of the lungs (pleurisy), abscess, difficulty breathing, pulmonary edema. Diagnosis of the disease is based on the results of a chest x-ray and blood test. Treatment can be prescribed only after its causative agent has been identified. Depending on what caused the pneumonia (fungus or virus), antifungal or antibacterial drugs are prescribed. In case of extreme heat, it is recommended to take antipyretic drugs (no more than three days in a row). Respiratory failure developing as a result of an infectious lesion of the lungs requires oxygen therapy.

Lung abscess

An abscess is an inflammation of a separate area of the lung with the accumulation of a certain amount of pus in it. The accumulation of pus in the lung in most cases is observed against the background of the development of pneumonia. Predisposing factors may be: smoking, alcohol abuse, taking certain medical supplies, tuberculosis, drug addiction. Signs of the development of the disease are: severe cough, chills, nausea, fever, sputum with minor blood. The fever that occurs with a lung abscess usually cannot be relieved with conventional antipyretics. The disease requires treatment with large doses of antibiotics, since the drug must penetrate not just into the body, but also into the very source of inflammation and destroy its main pathogen. In some cases, drainage of the abscess is required, that is, removal of pus from it using a special syringe needle inserted into the lung through the chest. If all measures to eliminate the disease have not brought the desired result, the abscess is removed surgically.

Emphysema

Pulmonary emphysema is a chronic disease associated with impairment of the basic function of the lungs. The cause of the development of this pathology is chronic bronchitis, which results in disruption of the processes of breathing and gas exchange in the human lungs. The main symptoms of the disease: difficulty breathing or its complete impossibility, blueness of the skin, shortness of breath, widening of the intercostal spaces and supraclavicular area. Emphysema develops slowly, and at first its symptoms are almost invisible. Shortness of breath usually occurs only in the presence of excessive physical exertion, as the disease progresses, this symptom is observed more and more often, then it begins to bother the patient, even when he is in a state of complete rest. The result of the development of emphysema is disability. Therefore, it is very important to start treatment at the initial stage of the disease. In most cases, patients are prescribed antibiotics, drugs that dilate the bronchi and have an expectorant effect, breathing exercises, and oxygen therapy. Full recovery is possible only if you follow all the doctor’s instructions and stop smoking.

Pulmonary tuberculosis

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a disease caused by a specific microorganism - Koch's bacillus, which enters the lungs along with the air containing it. Infection occurs through direct contact with a carrier of the disease. There are open and closed forms of tuberculosis. The second occurs most often. Open form tuberculosis means that the carrier of the disease is able to excrete its pathogen along with sputum and transmit it to other people. With closed tuberculosis, a person is a carrier of the infection, but is not able to transmit it to others. The signs of this form of tuberculosis are usually very vague. In the first months from the onset of infection, the infection does not manifest itself in any way; much later, general weakness of the body, fever, and weight loss may appear. Treatment for tuberculosis should be started as early as possible. This is the key to saving a person’s life. To achieve optimal results, treatment is carried out using several anti-tuberculosis drugs at once. His goal is in this case is the complete destruction of the Koch bacillus present in the patient’s body. The most commonly prescribed drugs are ethambutol, isoniazid, and rifampicin. Throughout the entire period of treatment, the patient is in an inpatient setting at a specialized department of a medical clinic.

Diseases of the lungs and respiratory tract are the third most common in the world. And in the future they may become even more common. Lung diseases are second only to cardiovascular diseases and liver pathologies, which affect every fifth person.

Lung diseases are common in modern world, perhaps this is provoked by the unstable environmental situation on the planet or excessive passion modern people smoking. In any case, pathological phenomena in the lungs must be combated as soon as the first symptoms of the disease appear.

Modern medicine copes very well with pathological processes in the human lungs, the list of which is quite large. What types of lung diseases are there, their symptoms, as well as ways to eliminate them, today we will try to look at them together.

So, a person has lung diseases of varying severity and intensity of manifestation. Among the most common are the following:

alveolitis;
asphyxia;
bronchitis;
bronchial asthma;
pulmonary atelectasis;
bronchiolitis;
neoplasms in the lungs;
bronchiectasis;
hyperventilation;
histoplasmosis;
hypoxia;
pulmonary hypertension;
pleurisy;
chronic obstructive disease (COPD);
pneumonia;
sarcoidosis;
tuberculosis;
pneumothorax;
silicosis
apnea syndrome.

For most uninformed people without medical education, a list of such names means nothing. To understand what exactly this or that lung disease means, let’s consider them separately.

Alveolitis is a disease that consists of inflammation of the pulmonary vesicles - the alveoli. In the process of inflammation, fibrosis of lung tissue begins.

Asphyxia can be recognized by a characteristic attack of suffocation; oxygen stops entering the blood and the amount of carbon dioxide increases. Atelectasis is the collapse of a certain part of the lung, into which air ceases to flow and the organ dies.

Chronic lung disease - bronchial asthma - has become very common lately. This disease is characterized by frequent attacks of suffocation, which can vary in intensity and duration.

Due to a bacterial or viral infection, the walls of the bronchioles become inflamed, and signs of a disease called bronchiolitis appear. In the case of inflammation of the bronchi, bronchitis appears.

Bronchospasm manifests itself in the form of frequent muscle contractions, as a result of which the lumen significantly narrows, causing difficulties in the entry and exit of air. If the lumen in the vessels of the lungs narrows gradually, then the pressure in them increases significantly, which causes dysfunction in the right chamber of the heart.

Bronchiectasis is characterized by constant dilation of the bronchi, which is irreversible. A feature of the disease is the accumulation of pus and sputum in the lungs.

Sometimes the mucous membrane of the lungs - the pleura - becomes inflamed, and a certain plaque forms on it. Such problems of the respiratory organs are called pleurisy in medicine. If the lung tissue itself becomes inflamed, pneumonia occurs.

In cases where a certain amount of air accumulates in the pleural area of the lung, pneumothorax begins.

Hyperventilation is a pathology that can be congenital or occur after a chest injury. It manifests itself in the form of rapid breathing at rest.

The causes of hypoxia can be different, ranging from injuries to nervous tension. This disease is characterized by obvious oxygen starvation.

Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis

Tuberculosis can deservedly be called a modern plague, because every year this disease affects more and more people, as it is very contagious and transmitted by airborne droplets. The causative agent of this disease is Koch's bacillus, which can be treated with constant exposure drugs on the body.

Among pulmonary diseases, which still have unclear causes of formation, sarcoidosis can be noted. This disease is characterized by the appearance of small nodules on the organ. Often, cysts and tumors form on these paired organs, which must be removed surgically.

Fungal infections lungs are called histoplasmosis. Fungal infections of the lungs are dangerous diseases; they can be caught by constantly being in damp, unventilated areas. If a person’s living or working conditions are associated with dusty premises, then it may develop Occupational Illness called silicosis. Apnea syndrome is an unjustified cessation of breathing.

The chronic form can develop in each of the above diseases. The main provoking factor is ignoring the signs of the disease and lack of qualified help.

Symptoms of respiratory tract diseases

The above lung diseases have their own characteristics and manifestation patterns, but there are a number of symptoms that are characteristic of all diseases of the respiratory system. Their symptoms are quite similar, but they can have different intensity and duration of manifestation. Typical symptoms include:

attacks of suffocation accompanied by coughing;
weight loss;
loss of appetite;
expectoration of pus and sputum;
spasms in the sternum;
increased temperature, chills and fever;
dizziness;
decreased performance and weakness;
increased sweating;
whistling and wheezing in the chest;
frequent shortness of breath;

Treatment regimens for the lung disease itself and its symptoms are selected only by qualified doctor based on surveys and analysis results.

Some people try to treat themselves, but this is not worth doing, because you can cause a number of serious complications, which will be much more difficult to get rid of than the original illness.

Treatment and prevention

In most cases, antibacterial, antiviral and restorative therapy is prescribed to eliminate respiratory tract diseases. To combat cough, antitussive expectorants are used, and painkillers and antispasms are prescribed to reduce pain. The selection of drugs is carried out taking into account the age, weight and complexity of the patient’s disease. In the most severe cases, surgery is prescribed with further chemotherapy in the case of oncology, physiotherapeutic and health resort treatment.

There are a huge number of causes for the development of respiratory tract diseases, but prevention will help prevent lung diseases. Try to spend more time in the fresh air, stop smoking, pay attention to the cleanliness of the room you are in, because it is the dust and mites living in them that provoke spasms and attacks of suffocation. Eliminate allergic foods from your diet and avoid breathing chemical fumes that may come from powders and cleaning products. By following these simple rules, you may be able to avoid diseases that can affect the lungs and respiratory tract. Don't neglect your health, because it is the most valuable thing you have. At the first signs of lung disease, immediately contact an allergist, therapist or pulmonologist.

Various lung diseases are quite common in human daily life. Most of the classified illnesses have severe symptoms of acute lung disease in humans and, if not treated correctly, can lead to bad consequences. Pulmonology deals with the study of respiratory diseases.

Causes and signs of lung diseases

To determine the cause of any disease, you should contact a qualified specialist (pulmonologist), who will conduct thorough research and make a diagnosis.

Lung diseases are quite difficult to diagnose, so you need to undergo the entire list of recommended tests.

But there are common factors that can cause acute pulmonary infection:

environmental degradation;
presence of bad habits;
diseases of the cardiovascular system;
elevated blood sugar levels;
chronic diseases;
nervous disorders.

There are a large number of objective signs characterizing lung disease. Their main symptoms:

Presence of cough. When a pathological process occurs, inflammation forms in the lungs, and then a reflex cough occurs. The person feels:

discomfort;
pain;
burning in the throat;
chest compression;
lack of air.

Sputum formation. Due to the inflammatory process, sputum accumulates in the mucous membrane, which contains a large number of infectious bacteria. They can become pathogens.

Expectoration with blood. During development serious illnesses lungs there is a discharge of blood along with sputum. These symptoms require immediate consultation with a specialist;

Breathing problems. It is a sign of many lung diseases; shortness of breath can be caused by problems of the cardiovascular system. Careful diagnosis is required;

Pain in the chest area. Violation of the pleura is caused by pathology of the lungs in the sternum, a feeling of severe constriction appears.

It is worth noting that the symptoms of an infectious lung disease occur suddenly and almost immediately cause fever, such as high fever, cold tremors, and profuse sweating.

Classification

It is difficult to say what types of lung diseases there are. After all, there are a lot of them and they can affect different parts of the lungs and even other organs. The most common classification of lungs looks something like this:

diseases affecting the respiratory tract;
lung diseases affecting the alveoli;
diseases affecting the pleura;
diseases affecting the chest;
hereditary diseases;
bronchopulmonary diseases;
suppurative diseases;
lung malformations.

Diseases affecting the respiratory tract

The classification of diseases depends on many factors that directly affect the rapid development of the disease. Depending on the source of the lesion, the following respiratory diseases are distinguished:

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). In the acute course, an incessant chronic cough is observed, which is difficult to treat.

Emphysema is a type of COPD that causes destruction and damage to lung tissue. There is a disturbance in oxygen metabolism, and the release of carbon dioxide increases in dangerous amounts.

Characteristic symptoms include sudden weight loss, difficulty breathing, and redness of the skin.

Asphyxia. Occurs as a result of physical damage to an organ or respiratory tract, is accompanied by a sharp lack of oxygen and can threaten fatal.

Acute bronchitis. Damage to the bronchi when an infection or virus occurs. Characterized by severe cough with sputum, fever, chills. An improperly treated disease can easily develop into chronic bronchitis. In this case, the cough practically does not stop and occurs at the slightest weakening of the immune system.

Alveoli, the so-called air sacs, are the main functional segment of the lungs. When the alveoli are damaged, individual lung pathologies are classified:

Pneumonia. The nature of the origin of the disease is infectious and causes pneumonia. The disease progresses rapidly, so initial symptoms require hospital treatment. Main symptoms:

chills;
a sharp increase in temperature;
cough;
labored breathing.

Tuberculosis. Causes gradual damage to the lungs and, if untreated, leads to death. The causative agent is Koch's bacillus, which penetrates the body and, under favorable conditions, begins to develop rapidly. To prevent the disease, it is necessary to carry out annual examination. In the initial stages, the first signs of the disease are:

presence of low-grade fever;
persistent chronic cough.

Pulmonary edema. Fluid entering the lungs from blood vessels leads to inflammation and swelling of the organ. The disease is quite dangerous, so it is necessary to quickly carry out a diagnosis and a set of therapeutic measures for prevention.

Lungs' cancer. Dangerous disease, which in the final stages leads to death. Its insidiousness lies in the fact that in the initial stages it is very difficult to establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a quick effective treatment. Indirect signs cancer may be:

coughing up blood;
severe shortness of breath;
low-grade fever;
sudden weight loss.

Silicosis. An occupational disease that occurs among workers in the heavy, chemical, and mining industries. The disease develops over several years, and final stages characterized by respiratory failure, persistent cough, fever.

Acute respiratory syndrome. A sharp destruction of organ tissue occurs and constant artificial ventilation lungs. It is very rare and practically untreatable.