Femininity and elegance are the main features of hairstyles of the 50s. In the 21st century, the weaker sex is increasingly using retro style principles in styling elements.
In 1947, the styling was based on the “new bow” style of the famous fashion designer K. Dior. The collection created a worldwide sensation not only in women’s wardrobes, but also in hairstyles.
A characteristic feature of the hairstyles of the 50s: backcombing, curled bangs in the form of a roller, side parting, flowing large curls. Hair designs were necessarily decorated with one of the decorative elements: a mesh, a veil, a hat, a wide satin ribbon.
Women used extensions to add volume. IN modern world The prototype is widely used for styling for special occasions.
50s hairstyles for long hair
On long hair, girls used backcombing techniques, wore chignons, and curled straight long curls into large waves.
1. Backcomb styling
To add volume, we used the combing technique. Volume can be created on the crown, occipital region, and along the entire length of the curls. To make the comb look natural and not spoil the basic shape of the hairstyle, you need to follow some rules:
Combing is not recommended for wet curls.
The created volume will last longer if you comb your curls a day after washing your hair.
It is not recommended to use large amounts of fixing agents for styling.
The bouffant lasts longer fine hair Oh.
It is not recommended to use metal combs for backcombing.
It is not recommended to comb combed strands before washing your hair.
Long ponytail with a bouffant
Installation process step by step:
Comb the curls thoroughly.
Make vertical partings in the temple areas.
Separate the strands located closer to the forehead and twist them into bundles.
Comb loose curls with a fine-toothed plastic comb. The backcomb begins from the roots of the occipital region, moving towards the crown.
Gather the combed strands into a bun.
Pass the massager over the surface twice without using force: the teeth of the comb should not go deep into the combed volume of the tail.
At the back of the head, secure the tail with an elastic band.
Release the curls from the bundle and cover them top part head so that the ends of the strands cross on the elastic band.
Disguise the ends of your hair under an elastic band and use bobby pins.
Fix the structure with varnish.
2. Audrey Hepburn style
Hairstyle for long curls “Tiffany”
How to do it?
Comb the curls.
Make a ponytail out of loose hair. Attention: the strands on the front surface of the head should not have “cockerels”.
Secure the bun with a hair clip.
Raise the tail and press it to the surface of the head.
Stepping back 5 - 7 cm from the clamp, secure the bun with hairpins/invisibility pins to the head.
Spray with a small amount of varnish.
Return the tail to its original position.
Twist the bun/roller from the ponytail until it reaches a clip. For thin hair, use the backcombing technique on the tail.
Disguise the ends of the curls with bobby pins inside the roller.
Gently stretch the roller in both directions in the shape of a peacock tail.
Spray the structure with varnish with reflective particles to give the hairstyle a natural shine.
Hairstyles for medium hair
Kare on a leg
Fashionable haircut for women in retro style – 50. Styling on short hair doesn't take much time. The haircut got its name “bob with a leg” from the similarity of the hairstyle with a boletus cap. On the back of the head the hair is cut short.
Due to the voluminous “hat” on the top of the head and the open neck, the lady could boast of jewelry in her ears, jewelry, and an open neckline. Suitable for any head shape, face type, hair structure. In the fifties, older women often cut off their long locks, transforming appearance precisely because of this haircut.
To give a retro - 50s look in dark colors. The structure of the hairstyle clearly defines the shape of the head and facial features, emphasizing the languid look of the lady, bright lips, expressive cheekbones.
The styling is suitable for beauties with thin strands.
To give visual volume to the styling, double coloring is suitable: dark top, light bottom. Highlighted strands will look beautiful on a bob.
The “bob with a leg” can have bangs of any configuration: elongated, oblique, straight, asymmetrical. Pick up. The haircut is relevant for ladies with oval face shapes and narrow shoulders.
Laying technology “bob on a leg”
Installation does not take much time. The bob can be either with smooth strands or with curled curls.
Wash your hair with natural shampoo.
Apply fixing mousse/foam to damp hair.
Wrap foam rubber/heat rollers onto elongated curls. You can curl your curls using a curling iron.
After removing the curlers, it is not recommended to comb the strands with a comb: gently comb the curls with your fingertips.
Apply aerosol fixative.
Elongated “bob on a leg”
In modern world. Graceful, clear transition from the hair at the back of the head to the front ends. The larger the transition angle, the more “graphic” the styling looks. The front locks can reach below the collarbone.
What distinguishes it from the classic bob haircut is the sharp transition from the back to the front of the hairstyle. The smaller the transition angle, the more classic the square is. The ideal option is the length of the front curls just below the cheekbones.
Ladies with short neck, narrow shoulders may not completely cut off the hair on the back of the head, but leave a length that covers part of the neck.
A parting on one half of the hairstyle is more suitable for owners of straight hair. A bob hairstyle will add sexuality, audacity, and courage to a girl’s image.
Girls with manageable straight hair may not use professional products for styling every day if the haircut was performed by a professional hairdresser.
The “bob on a leg” is suitable for those with natural curls if styling, straightening curls, and using special foams is a regular daily activity.
Technique for styling a bob for curly hair
Wash your curls with shampoo.
Dry your hair with a towel.
Apply a heat-protective styling product (foam) to damp hair.
Straighten the curls with a special iron.
Twist the ends of the strands onto a large diameter brush. Apply hot air to the ends of your hair.
Spray your hair with strong hold hairspray.
The long bob hairstyle is suitable for girls with wide cheekbones, a long neck, and thick curls.
"Babette" with fleece
Technology:
Comb your hair.
Make a horizontal parting between the back of the head and the crown.
Twist the lower strands into a rope and secure with a hair clip.
Make a horizontal parting on the upper curls between the bangs and the crown.
Comb your bangs with inside(closer to the forehead).
Convert the lower strand into a roller: twist the hair clockwise into a plait; mask the ends inside the roller. Secure the bun with bobby pins.
Place the top strands on the roller and evenly distribute the combed curls over the bun.
Spray your hair with hairspray.
Retro hairstyles for short hair
Characteristic features of short hairstyles of the 50s
Straight short strands.
Curls using the “cold wave” technique.
Clear hairstyle lines reminiscent of geometric shapes.
Smooth bangs with reverse curl.
There were no braids or complex weaving.
Hairstyles for short hair in 5 minutes at home
Hairstyle with headband
Wash your hair and dry with a towel. Apply styling product (foam, mousse) to the curls. Using a medium-diameter brush, lift the hair roots and dry under the influence of a stream of hot air. Put a decorative headband on top of your hairstyle.
Retro hairstyle with side parting.
Apply the combing technique in the back of the head to the top of the head. From the top of the head, make a vertical parting along one side of the hairstyle. Moisten the strands in the forehead area generously with a fixative. Using slight physical pressure, pull out the bangs and arrange them so that the ends of the strands smoothly merge into the main volume behind the ear. If - secure the ends with bobby pins to match the hair color.
Features of the "Page" hairstyle
In the 50s, the pageboy hairstyle was very popular. The main difference between the haircut: the hair strands are not lower than the level of the top point auricle; The length in all areas of the hairstyle is the same.
Often the “page” was made by girls with naturally wavy hair. The only condition for a beautiful hairstyle for curly hair is an oval face shape.
Daily styling of a pageboy haircut does not take much time and does not require a large number of devices.
Laying technique
Wash your hair with natural shampoo.
Apply foam to the strands for fixation.
Using brushing, lift the hair roots along the entire perimeter of the hairstyle, dry the strands with a hairdryer.
Give the ends an oval shape.
Spray with low-hold varnish.
Hairstyles using extensions
In the fifties, ladies of all ages actively used false hair - chignons - in their hairstyles. In order to change the hairstyle image to short hair, “chignon bangs” are used. Special fasteners allow you to change the classic look of styling in one movement.
Faux braid - suitable for long curls and medium length hair. It is used as a decorative finish for the main installation base. Can be located in any area of the hairstyle. Suitable for daily hairstyles, special occasions, prom.
A false ponytail is an ideal solution for ladies who cannot grow natural curls. Not recommended for ultra-short hair.
Skullcap – with the help of special fasteners it is attached in the area of the crown. Adds volume to styling over the entire surface of the head.
How to choose the right chignon for a retro hairstyle
During the fifties era, every girl at least once wore a synthetic/human hair chignon. The retro look, consisting of bright makeup, a short tight skirt, was complemented by a babette chignon. Artificial hair gave the hairstyle additional volume.
In the 21st century, to create a retro look for 50s hairstyles for medium and long hair, extensions are always used. Professional hairdressers advise choosing a synthetic hairpiece. Why?
The benefits of artificial hairpieces
Modern hair extensions are made of synthetic Kanekalon. The fiber, made from seaweed, resembles the structure of natural hair.
The porous structure is not subject to frequent contamination.
Artificial hair extensions are much cheaper.
Flaws
How to choose false curls
The hairpiece should be one tone lighter than natural hair.
The fastenings are made of polymer materials.
Do not cause discomfort.
Before purchasing hair extensions, consult a specialist.
How to care for your hairpiece
Artificial hair will last long time, if you follow it regular care, following several rules.
It is recommended to wash synthetic curls at least once every two months.
Before immersing the hairpiece in water at room temperature, comb the artificial hair with a soft, wide-toothed comb.
To remove dirt use special means for cleaning synthetic fibers.
After finishing washing, dry the hairpiece with a terry towel. Not recommended for use physical strength to remove excess moisture.
Straighten the extensions on a special wig dryer to dry completely.
Treat damp synthetic curls with a small amount of conditioner.
Detergent solution for washing false curls
Shampoo – 40 ml
Water at room temperature – 1 l
Foam the detergent in the required amount of water.
Immerse the hairpiece in the solution.
Do not use physical force to remove dirt.
Leave the extensions in the detergent for fifteen minutes.
Rinse the hairpiece under running water.
Apply the solution using emollients active ingredients for synthetic fibers.
Immerse the extensions in the solution for five minutes.
Dry the chignon.
21 April 2014, 14:21
List of necessary funds.
The incidence of anaphylactic reactions is low and ranges from 5 to 20 cases per 100 thousand people per year. However, in 10-20% of cases, anaphylaxis can be fatal. Let us look in order at the main causes and the basic means that you need to have to provide first aid for anaphylaxis and, in fact, determine anaphylactic shock.
Anaphylactic shock– an immediate severe allergic reaction that develops upon repeated contact or introduction of an allergen.
The speed of development varies, from 10-30 seconds to 4 hours. Usually the first symptoms appear within 5-30 minutes.
The main symptoms of anaphylactic shock:
Skin rashes, accompanied by itching and swelling of the mucous membranes, occurs in 90% of cases with the development of an anaphylactic reaction.
Respiratory dysfunction: runny nose, cough, swelling of the larynx, bronchi, difficulty breathing. These symptoms occur in half of cases of anaphylaxis.
Violations by of cardio-vascular system: a sharp decline blood pressure, increased heart rate, disturbance of consciousness.
Disorders of the central nervous system: feeling of weakness, disturbance of consciousness, headache.
With the development of anaphylactic shock, following symptoms: feeling of fear, vomiting, abdominal pain.
The main causes of anaphylactic shock:
Administration of drugs. Most often develops with the administration of the following drugs: Aspirin ( acetylsalicylic acid), Diclofenac, Analgin, Novocaine, Lidocaine, Thiamine (Vitamin B1), penicillin antibiotics, sulfonamides, etc. Naturally, this list is not complete; individual intolerance to any drug should be taken into account
Vaccination
Household allergens, plant pollen, chemical substances
Insect and snake bites
Blood transfusion
Organ transplantation
Chronic diseases, provoking an anaphylactic reaction - mastocytosis.
What you need to have “on hand” to provide timely medical care with the development of anaphylactic shock?
Adrenaline (Epinephrine)
Used to restore the function of the cardiovascular system and increase blood pressure. If an anaphylactic reaction develops, for a weight of 70-80 kg, 0.1-0.25 mg (0.1-0.25 ml) of Adrenaline + 10 ml 0.9% should be administered intravenously. Sodium solution chloride Or intramuscularly 0.3-0.5 ml, every 5-20 minutes, monitoring the patient’s condition, blood pressure level, pulse. In the first seconds of development, it is recommended to take 0.5 ml of adrenaline sublinvally (under the tongue).
Hormonal drug
Used to “stop” development allergic reaction. Usually used, Hydrocortisone or Dexamethasone solution (Hydrocortisone solution should be stored in the refrigerator, Dexamethasone solution can be stored at temperatures up to 25 degrees Celsius). Dexamethasone solution (4 mg/ml) is administered intravenously in a bolus, in a dose of 8 mg to 20 mg (from 2 ml to 5 ml).
Antiallergic agent
Use only when blood pressure is stable. Suprastin 2ml – intramuscular; child - 0.1 ml per 1 year of life. Suprastin must not be mixed with other medications!
Euphilin solution
Eliminates bronchospasm. Can only be used by qualified medical personnel. personnel, since euphilin in combination with adrenaline can lead to severe forms of arrhythmia.
Let's summarize and form the minimum composition of our anti-shock first aid kit.
1. Adrenaline solution - 5 ampoules;
3. Suprastin solution - 2-3 ampoules;
4. Syringes 2 ml - 10 pieces;
5. Cotton wool - 1 roll;
6. Medical alcohol - 1 bottle.
It is also recommended that you familiarize yourself with the order of the MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION dated December 20, 2012 N 1079n On approval of the standard of emergency medical care for anaphylactic shock. This order is valid for 2016 and 2017.
Where and who needs to have an anti-shock first aid kit?
This set should be in a manipulation room, dental office, cosmetology office, tattoo parlor; from specialists performing procedures: mesotherapy, botulinum therapy (injections botox), biorevitalization, permanent makeup, microblading, as well as any procedures in which the skin is damaged, including any injections.
Also, this first aid kit will be useful for persons with increased individual sensitivity and a tendency to allergic reactions.
Remember! If an anaphylactic reaction develops, you must immediately seek qualified medical help.
Second in importance, after ANTI-SHOCK FIRST KIT , is a first aid kit ANTIAIDS – (Anti HIV). According to SanPin, this first aid kit should be in every manipulation (procedure) room, in medical institutions, among ambulance workers, as well as in all enterprises whose employees, in one way or another, come into contact with infected persons and, to a certain extent, are at risk of infection. These include:
1. Hairdressers
2. Tattoo parlors
3. Manicure and pedicure salons
4. Beauty salons
5. Dental offices
6. Other medical institutions
Employees of melon establishments must be instructed about the completeness and correct use ANTIAIDS first aid kits.
It is also necessary to appoint a person responsible for monitoring expiration dates. medical supplies, and timely replenishment of the first aid kit.
Emergency situations in which it is necessary to use an Anti-AIDS emergency kit:
Accidental injection with a used syringe
Contact of blood of a presumably infected person with mucous membranes: eyes, nose, mouth
Contact of blood of a presumably infected person on the wound surface
Contact of blood of a presumably infected person with skin and clothing
Accidental injury from a tool used for various procedures and having the blood of an infected person on the surface (manicure or pedicure instrument, scissors, tattoo machine, etc.)
How to use the Anti-AIDS emergency kit is described in paragraph Appendix 12 to SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 and in paragraph 8.3.3.1. SanPin 3.1.5 2826-10.
Emergency prevention of HIV infection and viral hepatitis:
As you can see, in the later edition of SanPin 3.1.5 2826-10 clause 8.3.3.1., if blood or other biological fluids of the face get on the mucous membranes (eyes, nose, mouth), the prevention of HIV infection is limited only to washing the mucous membranes with plenty of water, and rinsing the mouth with a 70% ethanol solution. In earlier SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 Appendix 12, in a similar emergency situation, more wide range activities using aqueous solution Boric acid, Protargol, potassium permanganate solution.
If HIV infection is suspected, in the first hours (no later than 72 hours) after infection, prophylaxis with antiretroviral drugs should be carried out: a combination of Polinavir (or Ritonavir) and Zidovudine (or Lamivudine). To avoid critical situations, basic safety measures should be observed:
Use individual means protection: gown, mask, cap, special safety glasses (if necessary), gloves (if there is even a slight risk of cutting, double-layer gloves are recommended).
Exercise extreme caution when handling used medical materials: needles, scalpels, syringes, tampons. Dispose of materials in tight bags with special markings.
Regularly disinfect instruments and materials that come into contact with suspected infected persons.
You should know that HIV can remain active for some time (presumably several weeks) in dried drops of blood, in frozen blood, or in a used syringe. The human immunodeficiency virus can even enter the body through small ulcers on the skin, which, formally, represent a wound surface, that is, “open doors” for the virus. If you follow all the above rules, there is a risk of infection not only with HIV, but also with other viruses, incl. various forms hepatitis – minimal.
Composition of the first aid kit ANTIAIDS - (Anti HIV) SanPin 3.1.5 2826-10
| № | NAME | QUANTITY | PURPOSE |
| Antiseptics | |||
| Iodine alcohol solution 5% | Secondary processing wound surfaces | ||
| Chloramine B or Batsilol | Disinfection of instruments | ||
| Medical alcohol 70% | Primary treatment of wound surfaces, rinsing the mouth | ||
| Medical aids | |||
| Sterile cotton wool 50g | |||
| Sterile bandage 5x10 | |||
| Plaster in roll 2x250 | |||
| Bactericidal adhesive plaster 2.3x7.2 | |||
| Bactericidal adhesive plaster 4x10 | |||
| Small scissors | |||
| Pipette | |||
| Sterile gloves | |||
| Fingertips | |||
| Soap |
This is a terrible disease that over many years of research has not been able to cure. That is why each person must independently take care of preventing infection, as well as the safety of their partner. However, it is not always possible to avoid possible infection. Such cases most often concern individuals whose professional duties pose a potential risk of contracting the immunodeficiency virus. A special HIV first aid kit is designed for such situations. This is a set of necessary medications and pharmaceuticals designed to prevent possible infection in emergency cases. What is included in an HIV first aid kit, who should have it, is there a document that clearly states its contents and what else do you need to know about such an anti-AIDS kit?
Anti-AIDS first aid kit: what is it for?
It’s worth noting right away that the anti-AIDS first aid kit is not a miraculous panacea. However, its effectiveness is still great. However, all instructions for using medications must be followed. In other words, an AIDS, HIV first aid kit, which is laid out according to SanPin standards, must be used correctly. Why is it needed? This kit is used in emergency cases to prevent infection with a terrible disease. We are talking about possible cuts, pricks or bites, in which virus cells can enter the healthy body. There are also a number of other cases when infection can occur during the performance of professional duties, for example, a laboratory assistant who neglects safety measures may accidentally splash the blood of an infected person on his mucous membranes. There are many such examples.
According to SanPin, the HIV first aid kit should not only be present at the workplace of medical specialists, but should also be properly equipped. With its help, you can immediately treat any wound or other skin damage after the biological material of an infected person has accidentally come into contact with them. The composition of the first aid kit against HIV according to SanPin includes everything necessary to prevent infection. It is being developed by medical specialists, as well as scientists who know a lot about the immunodeficiency virus and are developing vaccines and drugs against this terrible disease. It is worth noting that the composition of the anti-HIV and AIDS first aid kit is regularly updated. After all, every year scientists learn something new about the terrible virus, thanks to which they can improve safety measures to prevent infection.
Composition of an HIV prevention first aid kit: in what form is the protection kit supplied for sale?
An emergency HIV first aid kit consists of medications, dressings and other components that are necessary to prevent accidental infection. First aid kits of this type are produced in plastic containers. However, their subsequent storage in metal boxes for medicines is allowed, the main thing is that the packaging (composition) of the anti-HIV first aid kit is not disturbed. Included with the contents of the container are also instructions for use. And also, a special certificate that is issued to a company that produces new anti-HIV first aid kits. There should be one more attachment in the plastic container with medications and dressings. We are talking about a certificate of conformity with reference to SanPin 2015-2016, which specifies the composition of the anti-AIDS and HIV first aid kit.
It is worth noting that there is no single list of medicines and medicines in terms of equipping an emergency kit against the immunodeficiency virus. It depends on what institution and what workplace you will be in. But there is a general new composition of the emergency first aid kit for HIV.
Composition of the AIDS pack: list of medications
The new design of the anti-HIV first aid kit includes medications, dressings and antiseptics necessary to prevent infection in emergency situations. What specific components are we talking about:
Included in styling to prevent infection HIV infection Also included are scissors, which, it would seem, should be in any office, but are not always at hand at the right time. The anti-AIDS first aid kit also includes toilet soap, which is used to treat wounds and other skin lesions, and potassium permanganate.
HIV styling: rules of use, who needs it
The rules for using the infection prevention kit are clearly stated in the instructions. They are individual for each case. So, for example, in case of injury with high risk infection in a medical facility, you should take off your gloves (if they are on your hands), treat the wound with alcohol, wash with running water and soap, fill with peroxide, smear with brilliant green and seal or bandage. And if biological fluids containing virus cells get into your eyes, you should rinse them with running water, then with a weak solution of manganese, and then again with water. HIV laying in treatment room Constantly checked for integrity. A person in charge is appointed who must check not only the availability of all components of the kit, but also their expiration date.
The composition of the anti-HIV and AIDS emergency kit in the treatment room is general. Where else should a kit like this be found? In police departments, in the strongholds of local police officers, in any medical institution, as well as among employees social services who work with infected persons.
An emergency first aid kit is required, the so-called “anti-AIDS”, the composition of which is:
- 3% hydrogen peroxide solution
- 3% chloramine solution
- 5% iodine solution
- 70% alcohol
- 1% protargol solution
- 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate
- spare gloves, adhesive plaster, scissors
- distilled water 100 ml (diluted for processing)
- 1% solution boric acid
- eye pipettes 2 pcs.
- dressings(bandage)
- sterile cotton balls or wipes
- ammonia
- protective glasses
- medical glue
Of course, the name of the anti-AIDS first aid kit is very incorrect, since it is used to protect not only from HIV-infected people. And in general it should be called Antivich (ed.)
How to make an anti-AIDS first aid kit yourself?
For this you can use a box from mobile phone, covered with paper. I got it like this
Using gloves and other personal protective equipment when working with blood
Attention! The medical worker must remember!All biological substrates that the patient secretes, regardless of the results of the HIV test, for medical worker are potentially infectious.
All manipulations must be performed in special clothing (gown, preferably surgical gloves, cap, mask).
Precautions must be taken when handling biological substrates from patients. If biological substrates from patients come into contact with the skin of a healthcare worker, the skin must be treated disinfectants and wash with soap and water.
In case of contact with the mucous membrane of a healthcare worker's eyes, rinse them with a 0.05% solution of potassium permanganate. In case of contact with the oral mucosa, treat with a 70% alcohol solution or 0.5% potassium permanganate solution.
For injections and cuts during injections or other manipulations, you must:
- squeeze out the blood from the wound and rinse with water, treat the wound
- 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and 700 alcohol
- 5% iodine solution
- apply a bactericidal patch
- put on a rubber fingertip
Deadly diseases, hepatitis, AIDS and HIV, are usually transmitted through blood or sexual contact. But unforeseen situations are possible (accidents, accidents, etc.), as a result of which the injured person is not able to report that he is infected. What should I do? How to help a person avoid harming himself? After all, it is impossible to determine by appearance whether he has a disease that threatens the life of another or not. For such cases, an Anti-AIDS first aid kit has been developed with a new composition in accordance with SanPiN 2015-2016. It is necessary in order to minimize the risk of contracting hepatitis, AIDS or HIV to a healthy person when providing first aid to the victim. There is a recommended composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit in 2015-2016 according to SanPiN 2826 10. It includes the following components:
All of the above must be placed in a labeled storage box. All medications must comply with the expiration date.
Who should have an Anti-AIDS first aid kit?
Such an “Anti-AIDS” first aid kit in 2015-2016, with the composition in accordance with SanPiN, is necessary in large organizations with a large staff of employees and not only. For example:
It should be remembered that the contents of a first aid kit are not intended for treatment, but in order to protect yourself from infection with terrible ailments. The Anti-AIDS first aid kit in 2015-2016 according to SanPiN 2826 10 includes disinfecting components that can disinfect areas of the skin and mucous membranes, stop bleeding, and at the same time protect against infections.
When providing assistance, you need to wear a cotton-gauze bandage, surgical gloves and, if available, special glasses that protect against infection on the mucous membrane of the eye. It should be remembered that you need to be vigilant and careful when providing first aid.
The composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit is not regulated at the federal level, so each institution completes it independently, based on the requirements of SanPiN.
The Anti-AIDS first aid kit must be located in structural units and premises where work with blood and other biological media is carried out, and there is a risk of cuts, injuries, microtraumas, injections and other damage to the skin and mucous membranes
What medications should be included in the Antispeed 2017 first aid kit? Which document contains a link to the list of these drugs? What products are recommended to be excluded from the first aid kit? Let's answer these questions.
Composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit in 2017
On this moment There is not a single document at the federal level that would regulate the uniform composition of the AntiAIDS first aid kit. For this reason, the management of the medical institution has the right to independently approve its content, based on the requirements of clause 8.3 of SP 3.1.5.2826-10 “Prevention of HIV infection” and Appendix 12 to SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10.
Read also in the magazine “Deputy Chief Physician”
The composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit according to SanPiN includes the following medications and antiseptics:
- ethanol at a concentration of 70%;
- alcohol solution of iodine at a concentration of 5%;
- boric acid at a concentration of 1%;
- protargol at a concentration of 1%;
- potassium permanganate at a concentration of 0.05%;
- potassium permanganate diluted 1:10000 (prepared if necessary);
- rapid test for HIV antibodies;
- antiretroviral drugs (zidovudine, stavudine, ritonavir and others).
The composition of the Antispeed 2017 first aid kit can be expanded with other necessary drugs medical products. The number of components is determined in the internal regulations medical organization.
Combining the composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit and the composition of the emergency first aid kit when working with pathogenic biological agents
Approves the composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit SanPin 2826-10 “Prevention”, as well as clause 15.19 and Appendix 12 to SanPin 2.1.3.2630-10. According to the latest document, immediate preventive actions are carried out for wounds, injections and cuts, as well as when the skin and mucous membranes are contaminated with blood or other biological media.
Requirements Sanitary rules and standards 2.1.3.2630-10 are intended for individual entrepreneurs and legal entities carrying out medical activities on the territory of the Russian Federation, regardless of their organizational and legal form and form of ownership.
According to clause 8.3 of SP 3.1.5.2826-10, preventive measures aimed at preventing infection with the human immunodeficiency virus are carried out by medical staff in the event of a risk of infection - in case of injury, microtrauma and when blood and other biological media come into contact with the skin and mucous membranes.
Based on all that has been said above, it should be concluded that the Anti-AIDS first aid kit should be located in a structural structure, work in which involves contact with blood and other biological material. This is especially true for treatment rooms, vaccination rooms, operating rooms, diagnostic laboratories, etc.
This document states that it must be stored in premises where work with pathogenic biological agents is carried out, in a specially designated place.
We are talking about PCR analysis, diagnostic and immunological studies, work with vaccines and other activities that involve contact with pathogenic biological agents. The need to place such a first aid kit in premises not carrying out such work is not provided for by law.
However, human immunodeficiency and hepatitis viruses are inherently pathogenic biological agents, therefore, in departments working with pathogenic pathogens, it is sufficient to place an emergency first aid kit. IN in this case It is not necessary to place a separate Anti-AIDS first aid kit.
However, it is worth considering the direction and goals of the activity structural unit. Thus, the institution’s laboratory should have an Anti-AIDS first aid kit, and a laboratory working with pathogenic biological agents should have an emergency first aid kit when working with pathogenic pathogens.
Initially, the requirements for the configuration and composition of first-aid kits are somewhat different from each other, but if they are equipped in such a way that the requirements for both the composition of the Anti-AIDS first-aid kit and the composition of the emergency first-aid kit when working with PBA are met, it is quite possible to use such a universal first-aid kit as in a treatment room, and clinical diagnostic laboratory.
Memo on the formation of a specialized styling intended for the prevention of infection with parenteral viral hepatitis and HIV infection.
|
70% ethyl alcohol |
70g or 2 bottles of 100ml |
|
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5% iodine solution |
||
|
1% boric acid solution |
||
|
1% solution of protargol |
||
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0.05% solution of potassium permanganate |
2-3 samples |
|
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20% sodium sulfacyl solution (1.5 ml No. 2)* |
||
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0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate* |
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Sterile distilled water |
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Ammonia |
2 bottles |
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Eye droppers |
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Syringe for preparing antibiotic solutions |
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Scissors with rounded jaws |
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Sterile dressings (cotton and gauze swabs, bandages, alcohol wipes for injections, etc.) |
2 packs or 5pcs. |
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Antiseptic adhesive plaster |
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Finger pads No. 1 |
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Instructions on the procedure for using products (means) in its composition |
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Cup for taking medicine |
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A bottle of liquid soap with a dispenser* (skin antiseptics in individual packaging |
1 piece or 1 bottle |
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Rubber gloves (latex) |
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Bix (metal container) |
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For emergency prophylaxis, a set of antibiotics with specific action is stored: azidothymidine (Retrovir) and lamivudine (Elivir); emergency prevention chemotherapy drugs; interferon or interferon inducers; specific immunoglobulins (viral hepatitis B) |
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The first aid kit should be stored in a marked metal box (box). Responsibilities for implementing and replenishing the installation are assigned to the main (senior) nurse and responsible for the prevention of HIV infection.
can be used instead of a 1% solution of boric acid, a 0.05% solution of potassium permanganate for treating the oral mucosa, in a dilution of 1:10000 a solution of potassium permanganate (prepared ex tempore) for treating the mucous membranes of the nose, lips, conjunctiva.
“AntiAIDS” is a first aid kit that is used to treat wounds in establishments providing personal services (hair salon, cosmetology office, tattoo and beauty salons). This set consists of certain medical supplies, dressings and hygiene products.
Why is the Anti-AIDS first aid kit needed?
With this medicine kit you can treat any cut or wound to prevent the spread of infection. The use of a first aid kit is necessary in the following situations:
- Preventive measures. The medical kit includes protective equipment: rubber gloves, finger cap. Thanks to the contents, the risk of infection from another person is minimized even in the case of direct contact.
- Prevention infectious infection. If a personal service specialist is injured (cut, wound) during contact with a client, it is necessary to treat the affected area of the body. “AntiAIDS” is a first aid kit that contains the drugs necessary for disinfection. Using the products in the kit, you can stop bleeding, disinfect affected areas, and remove germs that have entered the wound. In case you need to treat your eyes with antiviral agents, the first aid kit contains a pipette.
Organizations working in the field of consumer services and having a large staff must ensure that each employee has an Anti-AIDS first aid kit. The composition of the medications included in the kit is aimed solely at preventing infection. It is impossible to help an already infected person using the products in this special first aid kit, since they are powerless and useless in this case.
What is included in the Anti-AIDS first aid kit?
To prevent infection with HIV infection and viral hepatitis, the composition of the Anti-AIDS kit was developed. The first aid kit should contain the following list of drugs and medical supplies:
- medical alcohol 70%;
- boric acid 1% solution;
- "Protalgor" 1%;
- distilled water (packaged in 100 ml);
- gauze and cotton swabs, dressings;
- antiseptic adhesive plaster;
- glass pipettes (5 pcs.);
- potassium permanganate (solution 0.05%);
- fingertip (5 pcs.) and sterile gloves;
- disinfectant ("Chloramine B" 3%);
- scissors;
- antibacterial soap;
- first aid kit box.
The Anti-AIDS first aid kit (SanPin 2.1.3.2630-10, Appendix 12) is compiled taking into account all recommendations and is a mandatory attribute in organizations providing household services to the population. Despite the name of the set of medications, it is intended not only to protect against HIV infection. The main purpose of a first aid kit is to prevent possible infection.
It is important to observe the shelf life of the medications contained in the kit.
What to do in case of cuts?
For cuts and other damage to the skin, preventive measures are taken; the Anti-AIDS first aid kit is used to carry them out. The kit includes all the necessary preparations for treatment and disinfection.
To avoid infection with HIV and hepatitis, the employee must take precautions when working with piercing and cutting objects.
If a cut occurs, the wound must be treated immediately. Using light pressure on the affected area, squeeze out the blood, then wash your hands with running water and antibacterial soap. Next, we treat with alcohol, after which we spread the iodine solution on the wound.
If blood or other biological secretions come into contact with the skin, wipe the area with medical alcohol. Wash the skin with water and antibacterial soap and apply the alcohol solution again.
If blood gets on the mucous membranes, the following manipulations must be performed:
- eyes are washed clean water or boric acid;
- mouth rinsed alcohol solution, potassium permanganate or boric acid;
- the nasal cavity is treated with "Protargol".
Antiretroviral drugs
"AntiAIDS" - a first aid kit necessary to prevent infection with such dangerous diseases like HIV and hepatitis.
To carry out emergency preventive measures used It is recommended to take Azidothymidine for a month. The combination of this drug with Lamivudine increases antiretroviral activity and prevents the formation of resistant strains. If there is a high risk of HIV infection, you must contact an AIDS center to undergo chemoprophylactic measures. Such patients are under the supervision of a doctor for a year and are regularly examined for HIV infection.
Composition of the Anti-AIDS first aid kit»:
Ethyl alcohol 70%
Alcohol solution of iodine 5%
Gloves (2 pairs)
Adhesive plaster (1 roll)
Bandage in sterile packaging (1 pc.)
Cotton balls or napkins in sterile packaging (20 pcs.)
In the absence of alcohol, there must be chloramine in a sample for preparing a 3% aqueous solution (30 g per 1 liter of water) for external use - disinfection skin. It is permissible to use ready-made solutions of skin antiseptics (for example, Veltosept) subject to the expiration dates indicated on the packaging.
Algorithm of actions in case of emergency.
1. In case of a cut or injection with objects contaminated with blood (used syringes), you must wash your hands under running water and soap, dry them with a disposable napkin, treat them with 70% alcohol, lubricate the wound with a 5% iodine solution, apply an aseptic bandage or seal it with an adhesive plaster. If necessary, wear a fingertip or glove.
If the skin (surface of the hands) is contaminated with blood or other biological fluids, it is necessary to treat the area with 70% alcohol, wash with soap and water, dry thoroughly with a disposable napkin, and re-treat with 70% alcohol or another antiseptic.
If blood or other biological fluids come into contact with the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth: oral cavity rinse with plenty of water and rinse with 70% alcohol, rinse the nasal mucosa and eyes with plenty of water (do not rub!).
If blood or other biological fluids of another person come into contact with clothing: remove clothing and immerse in a disinfectant solution (3% chloramine for 2 hours) or send it in plastic packaging for chamber disinfection. The skin under the contaminated area is wiped with 70% alcohol, washed with soap and wiped again with alcohol.
Contaminated shoes are wiped 2 times with an interval of 15 minutes with a rag soaked in a 3% solution of chloramine or other disinfectant.
2. After the accident, it is necessary, as soon as possible, to examine for HIV and viral hepatitis B and C the person who may be the source of infection, and the person in contact with him. To do this, you must immediately contact medical institution: on weekdays - to the clinic of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in Orel or at the central district hospital at the place of residence, on weekends - to the hospital of the Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs or the on-duty health care facility at the place of residence. This is necessary to prescribe chemoprophylaxis for HIV infection, which allows you to stop the development of the disease if you start treatment in the first hours after infection, but not later than 72 hours.
Emergency prevention of viral hepatitis B and C is carried out according to the same scheme as emergency prevention of HIV infection, but instead of chemotherapy, a hepatitis B vaccine with or without immunoglobulin is prescribed, if necessary, depending on whether the victim has been previously vaccinated. In accordance with national calendar preventive vaccinations Vaccination against viral hepatitis B is carried out for all persons under the age of 56 years. Funds for specific prevention There is no vaccine for hepatitis C virus yet.
Polyclinic of the Medical Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Mon-Fri from 8.00 to 19.00; Sat from 9.00 to 12.00)
Registration 76-13-96; 72-91-48
Infectious disease doctor 72-91-89 (Antonova Irina Viktorovna)
Hospital – emergency room 72-91-67; 45-85-63; doctor on duty 72-91-56; 72-91-53
TsGSEN - head 72-91-82 (Botovalkin Vladimir Dmitrievich)
epidemiologist 72-91-80 (Svinolobova Natalia Yurievna)
BUZ "Orlovsky" regional center on the prevention and control of AIDS and infectious diseases"
address: Orel, st. Leskova, 31 (4th floor of the infectious diseases building of the Oryol region Children's Regional clinical Hospital named after Z.I. Round")
Target: immobilization of the upper limb for fractures and dislocations of the shoulder and clavicle.
Indications: fractures and dislocations of the shoulder and collarbone.
Equipment: 2 bandages 16 cm wide; cotton-gauze pad (roller); scissors; stopwatch, pin.
Standards: “excellent” - 2 minutes;
“good” - 4 minutes;
“satisfactory” - 6 min.
Sequencing:
1.Invest in armpit cotton-gauze pad (roller);
2. The forearm is bent at the elbow joint at a right angle;
3. The hand is moved to the chest;
4.2 securing rounds go from the spine through the healthy armpit to the sore arm around the body, press the shoulder tightly to the chest;
5. The second round from the armpit of the healthy side along the front surface of the chest obliquely to the shoulder girdle of the sore side, from there we go down along the back surface of the sore shoulder under the elbow;
6. We go around elbow joint and, supporting the forearm, direct the bandage obliquely upward into the armpit of the healthy side;
7.Then along the back surface of the chest to the sore forearm, along the front surface of the sore shoulder under the elbow and go around the forearm, direct the bandage to the back surface of the chest into the armpit of the healthy side;
8. These 4 rounds are repeated until the shoulder is completely fixed;
9. Finish the bandage with two fastening rounds on the chest, sore arm in the shoulder area, and back. Pin the end of the bandage with a pin;
10. On the front and back surfaces of the body, 4 rounds form 2 triangles.
22. Rules and techniques for applying the “Frenulum” bandage.
Target: transport immobilization of the lower jaw and head.
Indications: fracture, dislocation of the lower jaw, injury to the face and frontal part of the head.
Equipment: bandage 10 cm wide; scissors; stopwatch.
Standards: “excellent” - 2 minutes;
“good” - 4 minutes;
“satisfactory” - 6 min.
Sequence of action:
1.Sit the patient facing you, calm him down, explain the course of the upcoming manipulation;
2.Take the beginning of the bandage at left hand, head of the bandage to the right;
3.Make 2 securing rounds in a circular type through the frontal and occipital region of the head;
4.Then continue to move the bandage through the back of the head to the chin and make 3 vertical strokes up the crown around the face and a securing horizontal stroke around the head;
5.Fix the end of the bandage on the frontal part of the head outside the wound surface;
23. Emergency first aid kit form No. 50.
Target: prevention of infection of health workers during emergency situations– contact or accident with blood.
First aid kit contents and its purpose:
1. Alcohol 70% - 100 ml (instead of alcohol, you can use any alcohol-containing skin antiseptic approved for use) - for rinsing the mouth and treating the skin.
2. 5% alcohol solution of iodine – 10 ml – treatment of damaged skin
3. Scissors – 1 pc. - for opening bottles and other purposes
4.Bactericidal adhesive plaster – 12 pcs. – sealing the puncture site, cut
5. Sterile gauze swabs or sterile medical gauze napkins 14 x 16 cm – 32 pcs. – for treating leather, gowns, gloves, surfaces
6. Eye pipettes (disposable syringes are possible) – 4-6 – for washing the eyes and nose
8. Disposable glasses - 2-3 - for rinsing the mouth
Algorithm for actions of medical personnel in emergency situations
1. When preparing for manipulations with patients, make sure
integrity of the emergency first aid kit (f.50).
2. Perform manipulations in the presence of a second healthcare worker, who will be able to continue performing them in the event of a glove rupture or cut.
3. Treat the skin nail phalanges iodine before putting on gloves.
4. For a cut or puncture tool in contact with
biological fluids, skin of hands or hands wearing gloves, you must:
Remove gloves and place in a container for disinfection;
Wash your hands with antiseptic soap and lather twice under running water,
Treat the wound with a sterile gauze pad moistened with 70% ethyl alcohol or another alcohol-based antiseptic (at least 30 seconds);
Treat the wound with a sterile gauze cloth moistened with a 5% alcohol solution of iodine,
Cover with bactericidal adhesive tape.
5. If biological fluids come into contact with unprotected skin:
Treat the skin with a sterile gauze pad moistened with 70% ethyl alcohol;
Wash your skin under running water, lathering twice with antiseptic soap;
6. For massive skin contamination blood and other
biological fluids:
Wash off biological fluid from the skin under running water;
Treat with a sterile gauze pad moistened with 70% ethyl alcohol;
Wash the contaminated area of skin with running water and
twice soaping with antiseptic soap;
Dry with a disposable towel or napkin;
Re-treat with a sterile gauze pad moistened with 70% ethyl alcohol.
7. In case of contact with biological fluids into the nose:
in the eyes:
Rinse with plenty of water, you can use a disposable syringe,
Dry your eyes with a sterile gauze pad.
8. In case of contact with biological fluids in the mouth:
Rinse with plenty of water;
Rinse your mouth with 70% ethyl alcohol.
Notify the manager about all emergency situations.
department and register them in the log of injuries and post-traumatic prevention.
