Perianal dermatitis in proctology and dermatology is understood as an inflammatory process that affects the area around the anus. Its course is accompanied by pain, itching, redness and swelling. The disease develops at any age. Since it has many causes, treatment is based on eliminating the provoking factor and eliminating its consequences.
Causes of perianal dermatitis
During the newborn period, inflammation of the perianal folds appears due to poor care of the delicate baby skin. The same factor provokes another disease -. Irritation from dirty diapers and diapers, body contact with clothes washed with aggressive powders, and accidental injury to the skin in the anus can also cause a delicate problem.
In adults, anal dermatosis is caused by factors such as:
- haemorrhoids;
- dysbacteriosis;
- enterobiasis;
- prolonged diarrhea;
- constant wearing of synthetic underwear;
- anal fissures and scratching of this area;
- inflammatory diseases intestines ( ulcerative colitis, proctitis, Crohn's disease, paraproctitis, etc.).
Mechanical damage to the anal area promotes infection with the subsequent development of fungal or bacterial dermatosis.
A separate variant of the development of pathology is “jeep disease”.
This is how doctors define an abscessed fistulous type of perianal inflammation, which appears with frequent horseback riding or driving. The disease is caused by hairs growing in the perineum. Due to prolonged sitting, they break off and become embedded in the skin of the perianal area.
People who are prone to reactions may suffer from perianal dermatitis. Decreased immunity and inhibition of tissue barrier function facilitate infectious organisms penetration into the dermis. Similar causes of the disease are identified in HIV-infected, elderly and newborn patients. Sometimes the problem occurs after antibiotic therapy and a course of corticosteroid treatment.
How does perianal dermatosis manifest?
The disease is easy to recognize by a number of simple signs:
With a long course of dermatitis of the anus, the buttocks are involved in the process. The skin becomes red and ulcerated. The person's general well-being deteriorates. Infection of the hyperemic area with bacteria leads to the formation of pustules.
By type, inflammation of the perianal folds is classified as follows:
- allergic form that occurs with severe itching and the formation of liquid transparent bubbles. The pathology is curable by eliminating the allergen.
- A fungal species characterized by perineal hyperemia and peeling of the skin. The lesions have clear openwork contours. They are covered with a white coating and small bubbly elements.
- Inflammation bacterial nature occurs with itching, pain and redness of the skin. Bubbles with purulent contents form in the area. Opened elements bleed a cloudy yellow-green liquid. After some time, crusts form on the wounds.
- With “Jeep disease,” the anal area is dotted with multiple blisters filled with pus. After self-opening, they leave ulcers that do not heal for a long time. A complication of this type of intimate problem is fistula tracts that require surgical intervention.
Some visual signs of perianal dermatitis are shown in the photo.
Diagnosis and treatment of inflammation in the perianal folds
Diagnosis of pathology begins with collecting anamnesis. Complaints, symptoms, scraping responses are taken into account laboratory analysis for fungal flora and stool analysis carried out to identify helminths and provocateurs of dysbacteriosis.
The patient is given directions for various studies:
Drug therapy for anal dermatitis is based on external treatment of the lesions and the oral use of certain drugs. To heal problem areas, patients are prescribed ointments with antiseptic and zinc, Dexpanthenol, antihistamines. Diseases of a bacterial nature are treated with ointments Candide, Canesten, Triderm, Mycoseptin.
Dermatosis caused by bacteria is treated with antibacterial ointments and solutions of aniline dyes - Fukortsin, blue, brilliant green. If enterobiasis has been identified as the cause of the disease, anthelmintic medications are prescribed:
- Wormil;
- Piperazine;
- Medamin;
- Vermox;
- Pirantel.
Physiotherapy for perianal dermatitis involves ultrasound and laser treatment, magnetic therapy, and taking baths with medications.
Internal treatment of perianal dermatitis is based on the use of antihistamines that relieve itching. They also relieve swelling and redness and eliminate the inflammatory process. According to individual indications, doctors prescribe antibacterial and antimycotic (antifungal) medications. Their use would be advisable if local drugs were unable to stop the inflammatory process.
To the group effective means external influences include:
If perianal dermatitis was provoked by fungi of the genus Candida, Nizoral, Clotrimazole, Candida or Exoderil are prescribed to eliminate fistulas and vesicles. the areas are dried with 2% concentrates of Fukortsin, blue, and brilliant green.
Video: perianal dermatitis.
From folk remedies Baths with oak bark, chamomile, wheatgrass, and string will be useful. If the picture is complemented by hemorrhoids or anal fissure, homemade candles made from raw potatoes are inserted into the anus.
Itching around the anus or anus may be caused by for various reasons, some of them are not directly related to the disease. An accurate diagnosis requires examination of the irritated area, as well as testing.
What symptoms may accompany itching near the anus:
- redness;
- rash;
- skin inflammation;
- putrid odor;
- formation of abscesses;
- swelling of veins and the appearance of lumps;
- skin irritation;
- pain;
- bleeding.
An accurate description of the symptoms associated anal itching, will help determine the cause of the disease. Often itching is caused by perianal dermatitis, an inflammatory process in the anus. The disease can appear at any age. There are many causes of perianal dermatitis, so treatment includes relieving symptoms and eliminating the factors that caused the disease.
Factors that provoke perianal dermatitis
Cause itching, swelling and severe redness near the anus there may be one or more factors.
- Lack of hygiene. Rare body washing and lack of cleansing of the area between the buttocks after defecation can cause irritation in the area near the anus and severe itching. Gradually, the skin becomes inflamed, which leads to severe damage and ulceration of tissues, and the appearance of purulent processes.
Important! In children, perianal dermatitis is caused by infrequent diaper changes, poor washing of the area between the buttocks, and lack of air baths.
- Wearing tight underwear. Briefs that are too tight can chafe the area between the buttocks, causing injury to the skin and a burning or itching sensation. It is especially dangerous to wear thongs and tight-fitting shorts that dig into the body. Synthetic underwear can also cause discomfort in the perianal area in an adult.
- Haemorrhoids. initial stage hemorrhoids can be disturbed by the appearance of itching, swelling of the veins, and protrusion of the skin around the anus. Also observed with hemorrhoids:
- bleeding;
- constipation;
- pain during bowel movements;
- burning sensation;
- false urge to defecate.
Perianal dermatitis occurs with hemorrhoids when microcracks form in the skin, into which sweat can enter, causing a burning sensation.
- Gastritis, dysbiosis. If digestion is disrupted, pieces of food may remain in the intestines, which irritate the intestines and anus, causing it to itch and itch. Because of this, redness appears, but there is no swelling. In this case, it is necessary to take a laxative to remove the remains of undigested food from the body.
- Inflammations, fistulas, mother-in-law, polyps. Inflammatory processes or neoplasms in the intestines can cause dermatitis of the perianal area, as well as a feeling of heaviness and incomplete bowel movement. A consultation with a proctologist is required, especially if the itching appears due to chronic gastrointestinal diseases or previous operations.
Note! For perianal dermatitis caused by gastrointestinal disorders, a mandatory consultation with a gastroenterologist is required!
Important! If perianal dermatitis hormonal disorders, then you need to contact an endocrinologist and proctologist!
- Ailments reproductive system. Many STDs and diseases genitourinary system may be accompanied by itching in the posterior orifice and genitals. In particular, these sensations are caused by candidiasis, prostatitis, sexually transmitted diseases, urethritis and others. In this case, redness of the perineal area, the appearance of discharge, and an unpleasant odor are observed.
Important! If you suspect diseases of the reproductive system, you should contact a urologist, as well as a venereologist. Women should visit a gynecologist.
- Allergy. In rare cases allergic reaction may affect only the anus, although the reaction usually spreads to the entire body and especially the face. Allergies may be to foods, cosmetical tools, medicines and chemicals.
- Ingrown hair. When sitting for a long time or depilating the area around the anus, the hair begins to change the direction of growth. This causes severe skin irritation and itching.
- Fungal or bacterial diseases. In some cases, the anus may become infected with a fungal infection, causing the skin to itch very much. Blisters, rashes, discharge or pustules, and plaque may appear.
- Jeep disease. The disease is characterized by the appearance of multiple blisters filled with pus. The blisters open on their own after ripening, after which ulcers remain on the skin that do not heal for a long time. Pus from the blisters causes further spread of the infection. The disease can cause fistulas that require surgical treatment.
Important! Any of the factors that caused itching of the anus requires confirmation from a specialist. Only after the causes have been established can treatment of perianal dermatitis in adults begin.
Diagnosis and treatment
When making a diagnosis and identifying the causes of the disease, the doctor examines the damaged area and asks the patient about his lifestyle. After this, you need to take tests: blood, scraping, feces.
The patient is also sent for research:
- colonoscopy;
- coprogram;
- X-ray;
- rectogram.
Important! Drugs and local remedies are prescribed only to establish the nature of the disease. Self-medication and independent choice of remedies can aggravate the disease!
To relieve symptoms and speed up recovery, physical therapy may be prescribed: laser or ultrasound treatment, magnetic therapy. You can also treat the disease by taking sitz baths with herbal decoctions or medications.
To relieve symptoms before your doctor prescribes a full course of treatment, you can use general action, relieving itching and swelling. The group of effective external agents includes:
- Aurobin is a rectal ointment that relieves inflammation, burning and itching. Promotes healing.
- Olestesin - suppositories that relieve symptoms of the disease, including itching and pain.
- Doloproct is a cream that suppresses the inflammatory-allergic reaction, eliminates pain and swelling, itching.
You can also use solutions that relieve pain and swelling to wash the inflamed tissue around the anus. Can be used for rinsing soda solution, Chlorhexidine, dissolved Furacelin. You can also use infusions and decoctions from medicinal herbs: oak bark, nettle, mint, chamomile, string.
Note! When treating dermatitis in the anus, you cannot use homemade suppositories made from fat, potatoes, cucumbers, or butter! This contributes to the worsening of the disease.
People of all ages and any gender are susceptible to perianal dermatitis; the only difference is the cause of its appearance. The disease is characterized by rather unpleasant sensations in a very delicate place - around the anus.
Besides discomfort in adult patients, intestinal dysfunction, prolapse may occur hemorrhoids, dysbacteriosis and other ailments. For treatment to be effective, experts advise sticking to a diet.
7 photos of perianal dermatitis with description
Causes of perianal dermatitis
The inflammatory process, due to the pathogenic activity of microflora, contributes to the occurrence of perianal dermatitis.
Reasons that may contribute to the development of the disease:
- Haemorrhoids.
- Helminthic infestations.
- Stool disorders - diarrhea.
- Insufficient hygiene.
- Tumors of the colon and/or rectum.
- Diseases of the digestive system.
- Disturbance of intestinal microflora.
- Underwear is the wrong size (narrow or tight).
- Clothes made from synthetic fabrics.
- Allergic reactions to detergents or cleaning products.
- Injuries to intimate areas.
- Fungal or infectious infestations.
- Enterobiasis.
In children, anal dermatitis occurs for the same reasons as diaper dermatitis– staying in a diaper for a long time, irritation or wounds in the anal area.
People prone to allergies, as well as patients with low level immunity are at risk. In older people, there is a decrease in the barrier functions of the skin, as a result of which the penetration of infections leads to the development of this disease.
Types of perianal dermatitis
Several types of perianal dermatitis have been identified, depending on the source of development of the disease.
- Bacterial dermatitis;
- Fungal/candida dermatitis;
- Allergic dermatitis;
- Abscess appearance.
Each type may differ in symptoms and severity of the disease.
What does each one look like? separate species You can see perianal dermatitis in the photo section.
Dermatitis of the perianal area is very painful, accompanied by itching, swelling, and redness. The disease can affect a person, regardless of age. There are many causes of the disease and therefore, in order to cure a person, the doctor must find and remove the provoking factor.
By perianal dermatitis, dermatologists and proctologists understand a process that is inflammatory in nature and localized around the anus.
This disease is very painful and is accompanied by itching, swelling, and redness. The disease can affect a person, regardless of age. There are many causes of the disease and therefore, in order to cure a person, the doctor must find a therapy that relieves symptoms and removes the provoking factor.
Causes of the disease
In children
As for children who have just been born, their disease may develop because the child was poorly cared for. The same can be said about the cause of diaper dermatitis, which in newborns looks like perianal dermatitis, but only affects wider areas of the skin.
The baby's skin reacts sharply to diapers that have not been changed for a long time, to wet diapers, to fabrics that have been washed with poor powders.
The disease can also be caused by injury to the anus or the area next to it.
In adults
Adults suffer from anal dermatosis for the following reasons:
- Dysbacteriosis
- Haemorrhoids
- Enterobiasis
- Long-lasting diarrhea
- Using underwear made from synthetic fabrics
- Cracks near the anus and scratching
- Diseases with an inflammatory process - ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, proctitis, paraproctitis
There is another type of pathology - “Jeep disease”.
The disease received this name because it affects people who are constantly in a car or often ride a horse. This form of perianal inflammation provokes the onset of hair growth in the groin.
When a person sits a lot and for a long time, these hairs begin to break and fall into the skin..
Also, anal dermatitis can develop in allergy sufferers. If a person has a reduced immune system, then this is a gateway for infection to enter. Therefore, people with HIV, the elderly and children often get sick.
Medicines can also trigger the disease..
Symptoms: how does perianal dermatosis manifest?
The disease has its own symptoms:
- There is severe itching and burning around the anus.
- Swelling appears and the skin thickens.
- Bubbles with liquid inside begin to form.
- Erosive foci and crusts appear.
Eat different types perianal dermatitis:
- Allergic form. It is accompanied by severe itching and blistering. To cure the disease, you need to eliminate the allergen
- Fungal form. Occurs with groin hyperemia and peeling. The elements have clear boundaries, they have a whitish coating with bubbles
- Bacterial form. The disease is accompanied by itching, redness and blisters with pus. If you open them, a cloudy liquid flows out. Then crusts begin to form
- For “Jeep disease” the anus area is covered with a large number of blisters with pus. If they open, the wounds do not heal for a very long time. If the disease is not treated, fistulas will form that require treatment by a surgeon.
How to treat perianal dermatitis
The sick person must undergo:
- X-ray
- Colonoscopy
- Coprogram
- Rectogram
To treat dermatosis, the patient is prescribed ointments and creams for the treatment of dermatitis, as well as oral medications. To heal the elements, ointments are prescribed that contain zinc, antiseptics, and antihistamines.
Ointments for the treatment of perianal dermatitis
Here are a few ointments that are most often used:
- Zinc ointment- often used to treat many skin diseases, has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, softening effects, accelerates skin restoration.
- Triderm- which contains the antibiotic gentamicin ( wide range effects on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria), clotrimazole (antifungal effect), betamethasone (glucocorticoid hormone, relieves inflammation and itching). Triderm is often prescribed for unclear etiology of dermatitis.
- Aurobin- rectal ointment, course 5-7 days. Apply two to four times a day. It relieves inflammation, itching and pain well. The composition includes prednisolone, dexpanthenol, lidocaine. The ointment relieves swelling, itching, relieves pain and promotes skin regeneration.
- Mycoseptin— contains zinc and undecylenic acid, which has an antifungal effect. Does not affect candidal infections.
Topical creams
- Doloproct- rectal cream, applied twice a day. Course - 7-14 days. Relieves inflammation, swelling, pain. Contains: glucocorticosteroid, lidocaine.
- Bepanten- promotes skin restoration.
- Candide— contains clotrimazole, kills yeast-like fungi, molds and dermatophytes.
- Kanasten— also contains clotrimazole.
Candles
- Olestesin- suppositories that are inserted into the rectum twice a day. Course - 10 days. Effective during recovery, because they contain sea buckthorn oil, promoting skin regeneration. The anesthesin contained in the composition relieves pain and itching, and sodium etazol has an antimicrobial effect.
Treatment with systemic drugs
If the cause of dermatitis cannot be eliminated with local treatment alone, systemic drugs are used:
- Antihistamines(suprastin, tavegil, zyrtec, claritin, fenistil, zodak) - reduction of allergic inflammation, reduction of itching.
- Antibiotics used when there is a risk of infection spreading to internal organs in cases severe forms bacterial dermatitis.
- Antifungal medications - used for confirmed fungal nature of dermatitis, if local treatment does not help. They have many contraindications.
- Anthelmintic— Piperazine, Vermox, Vormil, Medamin, Pyrantel. Perianal dermatitis cannot be cured without eliminating the cause of its occurrence!
- Treatment of perianal dermatitis with colitis and dysbacteriosis carried out in conjunction with treatment by a gastroenterologist.
Wet areas are dried several times a day with 1% concentrates of Fukortsin, blue, and brilliant green.
At the recovery stage, physiotherapeutic treatment is used: laser, ultrasound, magnetic therapy. It is possible to use baths with medicinal compounds or herbal decoctions.
Treatment of perianal dermatitis with folk remedies
For the treatment of perianal dermatitis in folk methods herbal decoctions, freshly squeezed juices, propolis are used, they significantly alleviate the patient’s condition, have anti-inflammatory, drying and antiseptic effects, soothe the skin, and relieve itching.
Here are some recipes for folk remedies:
- Baths with a decoction of oak bark, chamomile, string, wheatgrass.
- Apply pumpkin pulp to the affected areas of the skin, or a tampon soaked in freshly squeezed pumpkin juice.
- Melt propolis with sunflower oil in a ratio of 1 to 1 in a water bath until smooth. Moisten a cotton swab with the resulting mixture and apply to the affected area. Carry out the procedure 2-3 times a day.
pro-kozhu.ru
How to suspect perianal dermatitis
Symptoms of perianal dermatitis are as follows:
- Discomfort, itching and pain in the anal area.
- Thickening and redness of the skin at the site of pathology.
- The appearance of bubbles with clear or cloudy contents.
- The formation of erosions, which then become crusty.
In each patient, the clinical picture consists of several of the symptoms described above. varying degrees expressiveness. Manifestations of perianal dermatitis vary depending on the etiological factor of the disease.
Types of perianal dermatitis
The classification of the disease is based on the cause of the pathology. Highlight:
- Allergic perianal dermatitis. The disease is accompanied by severe itching with the formation of blisters filled with clear liquid. Symptoms of the pathology go away after eliminating the allergen.
- Dermatitis caused by fungal flora. It is characterized by peeling of the skin around the anus, the appearance of hyperemia with clear, lacy edges, white plaque and small blisters.
- Bacterial inflammation of the perianal area. The disease is accompanied by redness of the skin, itching and pain. Over time, bubbles with purulent contents of a cloudy, yellow-green color appear. The bubbles open and in their place there remain wounds that become crusty.
- Jeep disease. This is a rare form of pathology, which is characterized by a severe course. In the anal area, numerous blisters with purulent contents develop, which open and leave behind long-term non-healing ulcers. The pathology is complicated by the formation of fistula tracts, which require surgical treatment.
Perianal dermatitis in a child develops with improper care. To prevent the occurrence of disease, it is advisable to choose diapers from natural materials and quality care products. In addition, it is necessary to monitor the dryness of the skin around the anus and regularly carry out hygiene measures.
Therapeutic tactics for perianal dermatitis
Treatment of perianal dermatitis should be carried out taking into account the pathogen. Therefore, after making a diagnosis, the doctor takes a scraping to determine the pathogenic microflora. After this, medications are prescribed that will act on the cause of the disease, as well as auxiliary drugs for symptomatic therapy.
An important step is eliminating the provoking factor. Even with the right treatment, the disease will reoccur if etiological factor will not be deleted. Patients should also pay attention to personal hygiene and follow a diet excluding irritating foods (smoked, spicy, bitter).
External treatment
For external treatment of the disease, suppositories and ointments are used, as well as baths with various herbs. Depending on the clinical characteristics and cause of the disease, as well as the age of the patient, doctors prescribe the following drugs:
- Doloproct - suppositories for rectal use. The composition of the drug includes hormonal substance, which has anti-inflammatory, antipruritic and analgesic effects.
- Aurobin - ointment for local application. Aurobin refers to combination drugs. It helps relieve inflammation and heal wounds in the area of application.
- Bepanten is a cream with vitamins that promotes skin healing. Bepanten can be used as a prophylactic agent for the treatment of dermatitis in newborns.
- Ointments with zinc. The drug has an antiseptic, softening and anti-inflammatory effect.
- Triderm is an antibacterial ointment that contains an antimycotic substance and a hormone. It has a good effect, helps to quickly relieve inflammation, destroys pathogenic microflora and accelerates skin healing.
Purulent pustules can be treated with weak antiseptic solutions aniline dyes: fucorcin, brilliant green, blue.
Internal treatment
As noted above, dermatitis of the perianal area is characterized by severe itching. Therefore, antihistamines are prescribed to eliminate discomfort. They also reduce inflammation, eliminate swelling and redness in the affected area.
In addition to antihistamines, according to individual indications, antibacterial or antimycotic tablets are prescribed for oral administration, depending on the etiology. The indication for such treatment is severe bacterial or fungal infection of the perianal area, which is not relieved by topical medications.
Persons with weakened immune systems are advised to use vitamins and immunomodulators in individually selected doses.
allergolife.ru
What it is
Perianal dermatitis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the skin around the anus.
Among the most common reasons diseases can be distinguished:
- loose stools;
- dysbacteriosis,
- failure to comply with personal hygiene rules;
- diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- inactive lifestyle accompanied by obesity, sedentary lifestyle;
- decreased immunity;
- contact with washing powder or soap on the skin due to improper rinsing of underwear;
- In children, the main causes of the disease are: the presence of helminthiasis and dirty diapers.
Features and differences from other types
“Dermatitis” is a collective term for a disease that results in inflammatory lesions of the skin of the body.
The nature of the disease can be caused by:
- chemical;
- biological;
- physical impact.
Currently, there are more than 50 types of dermatitis.
Each of them differs from the others in the location of inflammation on the body, the predisposition of patients, as well as the specific symptoms inherent in each type.
For example, perioral dermatitis characterized by irritation of the skin around the mouth, where small red sores appear. Most often it is diagnosed in women during pregnancy.
This type is characterized by burning and pain during eating.
Diaper rash occurs in babies under the influence of external factors on the skin.
Perianal type, a disease that stands out from the rest, firstly, by its location (perianal area), as well as its manifestation (ulcers, blisters, hyperemia, etc.)
How do symptoms appear?
Regardless of the classification, the following symptoms of perianal dermatitis can be distinguished:
- itching in the perianal area, sometimes in the lower intestine;
- redness, swelling and the presence of blisters and sores around the anus;
- painful condition of the perianal area.
Thus, the presence of these symptoms will easily allow the doctor to identify the presence of dermatitis in the patient.
In addition, according to its classification, this disease is divided into types depending on the source of excitation of the disease and symptoms:
- allergic(the disease is caused by allergens; blisters with a colorless liquid appear on the skin, the patient feels severe itching);
- bacterial(the skin around the anus becomes inflamed, small greenish ulcers appear, the patient feels pain and itching);
- fungal(small blisters and hyperemia appear on the skin, accompanied by a dry white crust);
- Jeep symptom(the rarest form of perianal dermatitis and the most dangerous, purulent blisters appear, which then turn into non-healing ulcers).
Video: Features of the disease
What does elevated temperature mean?
Increased body temperature with perianal dermatitis is quite rare.
As with any other disease, it is a sign of an inflammatory process in the body.
Temperature at allergic form dermatitis is characterized by the body’s struggle with the allergen, at this moment the body intensively fights “ harmful substance", releasing the maximum amount of histamine.
However elevated temperature in other types of dermatitis, as a rule, it refers to complications of the disease, since it is a consequence of infection through an ulcer or wound.
In these cases, the patient should immediately consult a doctor in order to prevent blood poisoning.
Diagnostic methods
In cases of suspected perianal dermatitis, the patient should consult a dermatologist or proctologist.
The doctor initially interviews the patient to identify the causes and symptoms of the disease.
When examining the skin in the perianal area, it will help to determine its condition:
- cracks;
- hemorrhoids;
- ulcers;
- redness, etc.
In order to determine the etiology of the disease, the doctor takes staples from the skin for the presence of dermatitis fungi, and swabs to determine bacteria and viruses.
Testing for enterobiasis and stool examination to identify dysbacteriosis will be useful.
As described above, one of the reasons of this disease are gastrointestinal dysfunctions. In this case, the doctor must examine the patient’s intestines using ultrasound, colonoscopy, irrigoscopy, etc.
Treatment of perianal dermatitis
When diagnosing this disease, it should be taken into account that self-medication will not bring a positive result and may develop a relapse in the future.
The main methods of treating this disease are:
- medicinal (ointments and taking accompanying medications);
- phytotherapy;
- special diet.
In addition, in consultation with the doctor, patients can use various compresses, lotions, baths to reduce itching and inflammatory processes.
Physiotherapy can really have a positive effect on the treatment of the disease:
- laser therapy relieves swelling and heals ulcers;
- infrared radiation is used mainly for the allergic form of the disease, as it reduces peeling of the skin and has a resolving effect;
- sea baths heal the skin thanks to minerals and vitamins and normalize metabolic processes.
By doing medical procedures, you should maintain proper personal hygiene and use cotton underwear to prevent increased irritation.
In combination with the above methods, the use of physical procedures (laser, magnetotherapy, medicinal baths, ultrasound) will be useful.
Let us consider in detail the main methods of treating perianal dermatitis.
Ointments
Ointments together with suppositories are one of the best means for external treatment of perianal dermatitis, prescribed by a doctor depending on the type of disease, the age of the patient, and the causes of the disease.
- Zinc ointment– most often used by teenagers to combat acne. The ointment can regenerate the skin, relieve inflammation, reduce irritation and dry skin.
- Triderm– includes clotrimazole, gentamicin, which have antibacterial, antiallergic, antipruritic effects.
- Bepanten– a cream that contains dexpanthenol and vitamins that promote skin healing. Stimulates cellular metabolism, regenerates the skin.
- Aurobin– a combined ointment containing prednisolone and dexpantneol, which reduce the symptoms of diseases of the perianal area. Helps in relieving inflammation and healing ulcers.
Patients also use the following ointments: fluicinar, hyoxysone, laticort, pimafucort, etc.
Review of suitable drugs
As already noted, perianal dermatitis can be characterized by increased itching. Unfortunately, ointments are not fully capable of relieving attacks of itching and scabies.
For these purposes, attending physicians prescribe antihistamines. In addition to relieving itching and related discomfort, these drugs can relieve redness and swelling around the anal area.
The most common antihistamines are:
- quifenadil;
- clemastine;
- Cyproheptadine.
Also, internal drugs for the treatment of this disease include: antibacterial and anticotic medications used for bacterial, viral or fungal infection skin.
To increase the immunity of patients, a course of vitamins or immunomodulators is prescribed.
All symptoms of Quincke's edema are described in this article.
allergycentr.ru
What kind of disease is this?
Perianal dermatitis is a skin condition that exclusively affects the anus. It can occur at any age, and the factors that cause it include numerous pathogens.
Perianal dermatitis is divided into four types:
- contact:
- bacterial;
- fungal;
- allergic.
Why does it appear?
The reasons for the development of perianal type dermatitis include many internal and external character. One of them is lack of hygiene. As a result of insufficient care of the genitals, irritation of the skin around the anus may occur. In addition, they can cause disease concomitant diseases or incorrectly selected underwear.
Other reasons for the development of perianal type dermatitis include the following factors:
In children, perianal type dermatitis can develop not only for these reasons, but also under the influence of an incorrectly selected diaper or changing it too rarely. Young patients make the situation worse by trying to scratch the area of inflammation. The result of such actions is the appearance of cracks and wounds, which cause the child even more discomfort.
Symptoms and diagnosis
Perianal dermatitis is always accompanied by redness on the skin around the anus, difficulty in bowel movement, swelling and itching. Vary clinical pictures may depend on the type of disease. Different types of the disease have their own characteristics of development and treatment.
Symptoms of perianal type dermatitis may include the following factors:
- bacterial dermatitis of the perianal type is accompanied by the appearance of skin characteristic blisters (their contents are purulent, and burst blisters turn into crusts);
- papular formations on the skin of the anus are characteristic of allergic dermatitis perianal type (this disease is accompanied by severe itching);
- a fungal type of disease manifests itself in the form of profuse peeling of the skin around the anus ( additional symptom can be white coating on the skin);
- if the cause of the disease is intestinal infections, then it manifests itself in the form of blisters with bloody filling, as well as sharp pain in the abdominal area;
- an aggravated form of perianal type dermatitis manifests itself in the form of fistulous tracts, which are located mainly in the area of the anal folds.
Methods for diagnosing perianal dermatitis are:
- rectogram;
- fecal analysis for helminths;
- X-ray examination;
- scraping to identify fungus;
- stool analysis for dysbacteriosis;
- caprogram;
- colonoscopy;
- examination by specialized specialists.
How to properly treat an adult and a child?
Treatment of perianal dermatitis is carried out comprehensively. Therapy should include not only eliminating the symptoms of the skin disease, but also all associated diseases. If this nuance is not paid attention to, a relapse or complications may occur. The course of treatment includes the use of special medications and traditional medicine recommendations.
Medicines
The range of medications that help get rid of perianal dermatitis is varied. The most effective treatment process will be if you combine agents for external and oral use.
Medicines to treat the disease include the following:
Folk remedies
Recipes alternative medicine help cope with general symptoms of perianal dermatitis. Natural components relieve inflammation, eliminate itching, but get rid of fungus, bacteria or cure accompanying illnesses they won't succeed. People's Councils can only be used as an addition to the main course of treatment.
Examples of effective folk remedies:
- sitz baths with herbs (a decoction to add to water is prepared based on chamomile, oak bark, St. John's wort and black tea, all ingredients are taken in equal proportions and poured with boiling water, after infusion the decoction can be used for its intended purpose);
- birch or potato sap (the components are used for lotions, after soaking cotton pads or pieces of gauze in them);
- pumpkin (fresh pumpkin pieces are good for relieving itching and irritation; they should be applied to the affected area of the skin for 10-15 minutes daily);
- Kalanchoe juice (plant juice is used for daily lotions, it is applied to a cotton pad or bandage, and then applied to the irritated area of the skin);
- sea buckthorn oil (the product is used for daily lubrication of affected areas of the skin).
other methods
A good addition to the treatment of perianal type dermatitis are special procedures performed in medical institutions. Some clinics offer patients a service such as medicinal baths. This procedure paid, but in terms of efficiency it occupies one of the leading places.
There are other physiotherapy treatments against perianal type dermatitis:
- treatment of diseases with ultrasound;
- elimination of disease with laser;
- magnetotherapy.
Features of treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding
During pregnancy, perianal dermatitis can cause numerous problems. The disease is especially dangerous in the last stages. The main complications relate to the birth process. Treatment of the disease should be carried out only on the basis of the doctor’s recommendations. Some medications cannot be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Perianal dermatitis during pregnancy and lactation can be treated in the following ways:
If left untreated, perianal dermatitis can not only cause significant discomfort, but also affect the patient's quality of life. Its neglected forms provoke others serious illnesses rectum and genitals. You should not ignore the symptoms of the disease or wait for them to disappear on their own. Otherwise, treatment will be difficult.
- independently establish a diagnosis and select medications for treatment;
- compresses, baths and lotions are contraindicated in the treatment of dermatitis accompanied by the appearance of abscess formations;
- use traditional medicine as the main and only way to get rid of the disease;
- continue to use medications or folk recipes if side effects are observed.
Preventive measures
The main measure for the prevention of perianal type dermatitis is compliance with the rules of hygiene and right choice underwear. Failure to comply with this rule may lead to the development skin diseases, which will be extremely difficult to get rid of.
Other preventive measures include the following recommendations:
The prognosis for the treatment of perianal type dermatitis is favorable only if there is timely diagnosis And proper treatment. The chronic form of this disease can provoke other diseases that spread to the genitals and change the quality of life. If you identify symptoms of such dermatitis, you should not self-medicate, overcome fear and visit a dermatologist.
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Factors influencing the development of perianal dermatitis
The onset of the disease can be influenced by various irritants. Depending on the irritating factors, anal dermatitis is divided into 4 main types: bacterial, contact, allergic, fungal.
Doctors identify the following main causes that are the causative agents of this disease:
- failure to comply with personal hygiene rules;
- constant exposure irritating factor to the anal area;
- dysbacteriosis;
- haemorrhoids;
- wearing tight synthetic underwear and thongs;
- malignant tumor of the rectum;
- diarrhea;
- traces of detergent on laundry after washing;
- general decline immune system body;
- disturbance of intestinal microflora;
- overweight;
- passive lifestyle;
- scratching the skin in the anal area, the appearance of cracks;
- helminthiasis.
Some inflammatory diseases (colitis, Crohn's disease) can spread to the perianal area, causing a corresponding type of dermatitis. In a child, this form of the disease may be associated with untimely changing of the diaper and insufficient washing after bowel movements.
Symptoms of a developing disease
Basically, perianal dermatitis, like other forms of this disease, manifests itself in changes in the condition of the skin (in in this case around the anus).
General symptoms of the disease:
- redness of the skin around the anus and perianal area;
- severe itching and burning of the affected areas of the skin;
- soreness of the skin;
- swelling of tissues in the corresponding place;
- painful bowel movement.
Perianal dermatitis of a bacterial nature is accompanied by the appearance of pustules and blisters with purulent contents. This form of the disease is characterized by weeping manifestations at the affected sites, the formation of erosions and crusts.
If the disease is caused by the presence of a fungus, then peeling and the appearance of a white coating are observed in the affected area. The affected areas have jagged, wavy edges.
The allergic form of perianal dermatitis is characterized by severe itching in the anus and the presence of papular formations, the opening of which leads to erosion.
Symptoms of dermatitis caused by Jeep's disease (abscess form) are accompanied by abscesses and fistulous tracts in the area of the anal folds.
The presence of purulent, bloody or mucous discharge from the anus, accompanied by abdominal pain in combination with stool disturbances, indicates the presence of perianal dermatitis caused by a disease or disorder of the intestines.
If there is no proper treatment for the diagnosis, the disease does not allow a person to lead a normal lifestyle. Therefore, if you suspect symptoms of this form of dermatitis, you should not postpone a visit to a specialist.
Diagnosis of the disease
The disease can be diagnosed by a dermatologist or proctologist. Before the examination, the specialist checks with the patient for symptoms and complaints. To determine the etiology of the disease, the doctor may take a scraping for laboratory analysis to determine the presence of a fungal infection. Treatment without an accurate diagnosis will be ineffective.
In addition, other laboratory studies may be required:
- stool analysis for the presence of helminths and detection of dysbacteriosis;
- X-ray examination;
- colonoscopy;
- rectogram;
- coprogram.
Treatment of the disease: basic principles
The effectiveness of therapy depends on the correct integrated approach to this issue. Elimination external manifestations perioanal dermatitis, without treatment of the provoking disease, will not positive results and will lead to relapse.
Drug treatment involves the use of local therapy (cream, ointment) and taking appropriate medications orally.
Basic medications, used in the treatment of the disease in question:
- zinc ointment;
- antiseptic ointments;
- antihistamines;
- dexpanthenol (B vitamin).
If the inflammation of the skin of the perianal area in question has a bacterial etiology, the appropriate ointments are used: Triderm, Candide.
Bacterial perianal dermatitis involves the use of antibacterial ointments and treatment of opened pustules with solutions of aniline dyes.
Very good results are observed in patients who, in combination with drug therapy undergoing physiotherapeutic treatment. The most common physical procedures:
- laser treatment;
- magnetic therapy;
- ultrasound;
- baths with medicinal preparations.
Treatment at home is possible using traditional medicine recipes, but only if agreed upon with the attending physician. The use of compresses, baths, and lotions is aimed at eliminating inflammatory processes and reducing itching. You should not resort to these types of treatment if you have purulent skin lesions and pustules!
For a sitz bath, you can use a decoction of St. John's wort, chamomile, black tea and oak bark, taken in equal proportions. They are brewed in 1 liter of boiling water and added to the bath.
In addition, the use of rosehip and sea buckthorn oil on the affected areas has a good effect. Some sources recommend applying pumpkin pulp to the affected skin.
Prevention
As with the prevention of dermatitis in general, measures taken to prevent the disease are aimed at eliminating factors that can cause perianal dermatitis, namely:
- refusal of tight synthetic underwear;
- timely treatment of gastrointestinal diseases;
- compliance general rules personal hygiene;
- following a special diet aimed at eliminating problems of the digestive tract and excluding the consumption of allergens in food.
Auto. Gavrilenko Yu.
