Liver tablets or hepatoprotectors help cleanse the blood of toxins and harmful substances, restore the structures and functions of the organ. Medicines have different actions, and their choice should be approached carefully.
The liver serves as a filter in the body, and hepatoprotectors help normalize the functioning of the organ, which is impaired as a result of prolonged use of alcohol, junk and heavy foods, fatty dishes, and smoking.
Hepatoprotectors are effective for the treatment and prevention of liver diseases, promote the regeneration of hepatocytes, prevent the occurrence of cirrhosis and fibrosis, and slow down the aging process.
Hepatoprotectors are drugs used to treat impaired liver function and various diseases caused by these disorders. Medicines for the liver are also prescribed for hepatitis C, toxic, viral and alcoholic hepatitis, when the organ is damaged as a result of drug intoxication, in particular in case of poisoning with antitumor drugs, painkillers and antibiotics.
Modern pharmaceuticals offer different types drugs for the treatment of the liver, each of the proposed drugs has its own advantages and disadvantages.
Hepatoprotectors help restore such vital important functions, How:
- Hematopoiesis;
- Synthesis of vital elements;
- Neutralization of external and internal toxins;
- Removal of biological substances;
- Formation and removal of bile;
- Urea production;
- Metabolic processes;
- Destruction of microorganisms entering the blood through the intestines.
Drugs for the treatment of the liver help remove excess substances, cleanse the blood of toxins and cholesterol, activate the secretion of bile, and supply the body with vitamins.
Medicines intended for the treatment and restoration of the liver are effective in relieving pain in the liver area also with:
- Alcohol poisoning;
- Hepatitis;
- Gallstone disease;
- Cholestatic diseases (cirrhosis, cholangitis, cystic fibrosis);
- Biliary dyskinesia.
Hepatoprotectors react with toxic acids, which provokes the formation of special particles that neutralize bad influence toxins. The active components of these drugs are integrated into liver cells and protect their integrity. The liver has regenerative properties, and taking this group of drugs helps to activate the restoration of damaged cells.
The main functions of hepatoprotectors are restoration of bile outflow, formation of an appropriate immune response and reduction of the percentage of bad cholesterol.
How to choose medications for the liver
When choosing a drug great importance has to clarify the mechanism of action of the drug, which damaging factor should be eliminated and treated by the drug. Medicines are also prescribed taking into account general condition the patient’s health, individual tolerance of the drug components and the severity of the disease.
It is also important to take into account etiotropic therapy, which is aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease. An example is the treatment of viral hepatitis. Not all viral hepatitis needs to be treated using elimination therapy. In case of hepatitis caused by virus A, the pathogen dies on its own, and in case of hepatitis transmitted through blood and sexual contact, it is required antiviral treatment.
The choice of drug should be made by a doctor after determining the cause of the disease, based on test results.
When should you take hepatoprotectors and what are they?
Hepatoprotectors are prescribed for diseases and pathological conditions associated with impaired liver function. Often drugs are included in the course of therapy for:
- Viral hepatitis. Used when antiviral therapy is not effective or there are reasons why it is impossible to carry out antiviral treatment. Drugs in this group are prescribed for the prevention of cirrhosis. Hepatoprotectors are also used for hepatitis C, regardless of the presence of pain.
- Alcoholic hepatitis. The drugs are used when there are prerequisites for the development of liver cirrhosis. Treatment with these medications will be effective if the patient completely abstains from drinking alcohol.
- Fatty liver disease not associated with alcoholism. Obesity can appear when diabetes mellitus second type. They begin to form in the liver fat cells, which leads to the destruction of its structure. In the presence of such a pathological condition, hepatoprotectors are prescribed as part of complex therapy, subject to diet.
- Drug-induced hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis. To treat these ailments, hepatoprotectors are used and a special diet is prescribed.
- The need to eliminate the consequences of prolonged use of antibiotics or other drugs that negatively affect liver cells.
Hepatoprotectors act in a targeted manner and provide good results due to their high bioavailability, the ability to bind toxins and free radicals, and stimulate the organ’s self-healing process.
What gapatoprotectors exist?
Offered different drugs for the treatment of the liver, which are divided into phospholipids, amino acid derivatives, animal preparations or plant origin, bile acids, homeopathic remedies and dietary supplements.
Hepatoprotectors: list of drugs
Hepatoprotectors help protect the liver from harmful substances and toxic elements.
- Herbal preparations include Karsil, Legalon. Medicines are made based on milk thistle fruits. The products contain silymarin, which is why they are highly effective in treating the liver.
- Drugs of animal origin include Sirepar, Erbisol. Medicines are made from the liver of large cattle. The amino acids and cyanocobalamin included in the drug have a hepatoprotective effect. Erbisol contains low molecular weight organic compounds. The product is produced from animal embryonic tissue. The medication activates the regeneration processes of liver cells.
- Essential phospholipids include Essentiale and Lecithin. They help the rapid restoration of hepatocytes due to the fact that molecules of essential phospholipids are directly integrated into damaged membranes of liver cells, which allows them to be restored barrier function, prevents the formation of connective tissue.
- Preparations containing amino acids and their derivatives include Hepatral and Hepa-Merz. This group of drugs helps reduce the concentration of ammonia in plasma and increases the protective properties of the liver.
- A popular and sought-after drug from a number of drugs of synthetic origin is Antral. The drug has a complex effect and has a wide range of applications.
- The list of hepatoprotectors is quite large. Frequently used products include Silymarin, Darsil, Legalon, Silegon, Karsil, Hepatofalk, Planta, Gepabene, Liv - 52, Silybor, Sirepar, Thiotriazolin, Essentiale Forte, Livolact, Lecithin, Ornithine oxoglurate, Antral. Hepar compositum, Hepel. This is not a complete list of drugs belonging to the group of heptoprotectors.
Inexpensive and effective
The group of drugs intended to treat the liver is characterized by a mild effect and targeted action. Certain drugs are effective. In most cases, experts choose the following drugs:
- Hepatosan. Available in the form of yellow capsules. Used for progressive cirrhosis, one type of hepatitis, renal failure chronic form, with intoxication by poisonous and toxic elements.
- Hepatral. A combination drug with additional antidepressant properties. The active component is ademetionine, which activates the regeneration process of affected organ cells. The medication is prescribed for intrahepatic cholestasis with abnormal restructuring of hepatocytes.
- Phosphogliv. It is an effective drug, the active components are sodium glycyrrhizinate and phospholipids. The action of the drug is aimed at restoring damaged liver cells and normalizing the functionality of the problem organ.
- Rezalut Pro. The drug replenishes chemical composition liver cells, protecting them from the negative effects of pathogenic factors, slows down the process of cell destruction. An effective remedy for hepatosis, regular consumption of large amounts of alcohol, and one type of hepatitis.
Price does not always determine the quality and effectiveness of a medicine. Some drugs have an acceptable cost and at the same time have excellent therapeutic effects.
Such means include:
- LIV – 52. Is combination drug with hepatoprotective, choleretic and restorative effects. The price of the drug ranges from 230 to 320 rubles.
- Allohol. It has choleretic properties, contains natural ingredients, due to which it normalizes the flow of bile, promotes the breakdown of stones, after which they are removed from the body almost imperceptibly. The cost of the drug is about 70 rubles.
- Hofitol. Contains artichoke extract, which has a beneficial effect on the liver. In most cases, the drug is included in complex therapy. An analogue of the medicine is Cafeton. A package (60 pieces) of the drug costs about 360 rubles.
Drugs after drinking alcohol
Restoring the liver after drinking alcohol is the first thing that needs to be organized when identifying problems with the liver, since it is this organ that bears the destructive effects of ethylene. The action of hepatoprotectors is aimed at restoring damaged hepatocytes. Modern pharmaceuticals have in their arsenal different means, with the help of which it is possible to prevent serious diseases that develop as a result of regular alcohol consumption.
Regenerative drugs
- Essentiale. The drug contains phospholipids, which have a structure identical to molecules of natural origin. When the liver is damaged, the cell membrane is destroyed, the action of the medication is aimed at preventing the pathological process and maintaining the integrity of the membranes of liver cells.
- Essliver. The drug protects the liver, restores damaged membranes of organ cells, increases the liver’s protective ability to negative factors and various toxic substances.
- Phospholigliv. Improves liver regeneration, stabilizes the functionality of the organ in chronic diseases. The drug has a therapeutic effect, eliminates inflammation, prevents the development of atrophy of liver structures.
- Enerliv. The drug accelerates the recovery process of hepatocytes, protects the cell membrane from harmful effects toxic substances, inhibits the oxidation of lipids in liver tissues, as well as their transformation.
- Result. Is a hepatoprotector. Taking the medication allows you to strengthen the liver cells and increase the protective abilities of the organ. The product actively restores damaged hepatocytes and replenishes phospholipid deficiency with identical components.
Medicines to activate regeneration processes
Drugs whose action is aimed at stimulating the restoration of damaged liver cells include amino acids, vitamins, and biologically active components.
- D I Guard Nano. It is a dietary supplement that accelerates detoxification, promotes the removal of toxic substances from the body, and eliminates intoxication. The product protects the liver from inflammation and prevents allergies.
- Dipana. Used to treat liver damage resulting from alcoholism and binge drinking. Contains plant components, the active component is safe for the body, and therefore it is possible to use the drug for a long time. The product has a quick effect. It is also allowed to be used for preventive purposes.
Preparations to strengthen cell membranes
Cell membranes protect the liver structure from damage, and therefore increase their protective functions very important for liver preservation. A popular drug whose action is aimed at protecting the hepatocyte membrane is Cooper's Neo. The medication activates the process of cleansing the liver, the production of bile, normalizes the outflow of bile and the functionality of the bile ducts, ensures normal viscosity of bile and prevents the formation of microliths. The drug normalizes the digestion process and reduces the load on the liver.
Cleansing preparations
Medications for cleansing are used after severe intoxication and ethanol poisoning during heavy drinking. In such cases, experts recommend taking medications containing knotweed.
- Karsil. It is a hepatoprotector and contains natural ingredients. The active ingredient is silymarin, which is obtained from milk thistle. The drug acts at the cellular level, has a protective function, and prevents damage to the membrane of organ cells.
- Legal. The active component of the drug is milk thistle. Has a restorative cleansing effect on the liver.
- Silimar. Due to its natural composition, the drug has a hepatoprotective and antitoxic effect on the liver. Prescribed for prevention of liver damage caused by chronic intoxication, alcohol abuse, and long-term use of medications.
- Gepabene. Contains fumarin, which relieves spasms and accelerates the penetration of bile into the intestines. The silymarin component eliminates the effects of intoxication and promotes the restoration of liver cells. The medication helps prevent the manifestation of various liver diseases.
- Heptral. Normalizes the appearance of bile acids, activates the excretion of bile, stabilizes gastrointestinal motility.
- Hepa-Merz. Allows you to reduce the concentration of ammonium in the blood. Used for disorders of amino acid metabolic processes. Possesses protective effect, neutralizes the toxic effects of substances that can damage the liver.
- Milk thistle extract. The drug helps with a decrease in the protective functions of the liver. The extract contains flavonoids that can act as a protector for the liver, protecting it from the negative effects of toxins. The drug helps restore the function of the organ and its cells.
For the liver and pancreas
When liver and pancreas disease manifests itself, complex treatment is required using antispasmodics, enzymes, and hepatoprotectors. For the purpose of cupping acute attacks apply:
- Festal. Available in tablet form. Used when the size of the liver and pancreas increases. Prescribed for pancreatitis.
- Lochelan. It is a powder for oral administration. The drug contains herbal extracts.
- No-shpa. Relieves spasms, relieves pain, normalizes the functioning of organs. However healing effect short term means.
For liver cirrhosis and hepatitis
In most cases, these diseases occur in chronic form and are not completely cured. Fatty liver degeneration is often associated with pathologies. The disease is dangerous because it is likely to recur, causing damage to the parenchyma with disruption of its functionality. Effective for the treatment of these pathologies are:
- Elsidine. It is a strong hepatoprotector. It has a high cost, restores liver function in case of any disorder.
- Essentiale Forte. Contains phospholipids and natural ingredients. The effect of the drug is gentle and helps normalize the functioning of hepatocytes. Progepar is considered an analogue of the drug.
- Livolin Forte. The drug accelerates lipid metabolism and is effective for the treatment and prevention of fatty hepatosis and fatty liver.
New generation hepatoprotectors
Problems associated with the liver can be solved with the use of modern drugs - new generation hepatoprotectors:
- Hepatosan. It is a preparation of animal origin. Contains an enzyme obtained from animal liver cells. Effective for non-infectious liver lesions.
- Sirepar. An analogue of an existing drug, the drug was developed by Russian scientists.
- Gepa - Merz. Contains natural ingredients. Effective in the presence of foci of liver necrosis. It acts instantly and has a high cost.
From the liver and gallbladder
In the presence of cholelithiasis, not only drugs are prescribed to treat the inflammatory process of the liver, but also medications that can crush and break down cholesterol stones. Such drugs speed up the healing process and eliminate pain.
- Exhol. Available in tablet form. Excellent product to remove stones from the gall bladder, normalize liver function. It is also used for alcohol intoxication.
- Urosan. It has a choleretic effect, stimulates the breakdown of even large stones and removes them with the outflow of bile.
- Glutargin. Available in blister packs. It has a choleretic and anti-inflammatory effect.
- Allohol. It has natural composition, activates secretory function liver cells, stimulates the production of bile acids, accelerates the outflow of bile, prevents the spread of infection and reduces the inflammatory process.
With milk thistle
The plant is a source of minerals, vitamins and amino acids. Taking medications that contain milk thistle extract helps overcome liver pathologies caused by toxic substances and infectious agents.
- Karsil. Contains milk thistle extract. Taking the drug makes it possible to restore liver cells in a short time, strengthen the organ and increase its protective abilities.
- Gepabene. The drug, despite its low cost, has a strong therapeutic effect. Due to the content of milk thistle extract, it treats affected liver cells quickly, does not cause adverse reactions, and has virtually no contraindications.
- Legal. The drug eliminates toxic attacks on the liver, activates regeneration processes, and stimulates the natural reaction of liver protection.
dietary supplements
Many hepatologists give preference to herbal preparations for the treatment of liver pathologies, since these drugs have a minimal list of contraindications and are practically absent after their use. adverse reactions and negative detections. Choice biologically active additive must be agreed with a doctor, since the use of this type of medicine must take into account the nature of the disease and the specifics of the body. The following are considered popular and effective:
- Gepagard active. The drug acts as a liver protectant from possible obesity and helps normalize the condition of the organ and its functionality. Eliminates the negative effects of toxic substances, supports the central nervous system, protects cell membranes from oxidation.
- FanDetox. Contains natural ingredients (persimmon, goji fruit, tangerine zest, buckwheat seed, soy). It has a healing effect, promotes the breakdown of harmful elements, improves metabolism, restores liver function, and reduces cholesterol.
- Oleoprene Hepa. The action of the dietary supplement components is aimed at stabilizing and improving bioenergy and the condition of hepatocytes. The product maintains resistance to toxins and intensifies the functions of the hepatobiliary system. It is used in the prevention of illnesses and to eliminate the negative effects of pathogenetic therapeutic drugs.
- Gepalam. Used for the treatment of gastrointestinal and liver diseases. The drug is used to reduce the risk of various complications. It is also used to prevent diseases of the liver and bile ducts.
- Cholesenol. The dietary supplement serves as a source of flavonoids and other useful substances. The components of the product increase the liver’s resistance to toxins, restore its structures and basic functions, and protect the cells of the organ. The drug normalizes the process of outflow of bile secretions and enhances gastrointestinal motility. The dietary supplement normalizes the functionality of the liver and bile ducts, improves immunity.
- Milona-10. The product contains natural ingredients obtained from medicinal plants. The drug improves the composition of bile and has an antispasmodic effect. Thanks to the unique composition, radicals are bound, which have a destructive effect on liver cells, and the membranes of hepatocyte cells are stabilized.
Amino acids
These substances activate the liver. They promote the breakdown of fats and remove them from the body. Some amino acids are capable of removing ammonia fumes from the body. This group of drugs is also used for problems with brain function caused by liver dysfunction. Amino acids are designed to restore damaged liver cells. Amino acids include protein, which helps in the process of creating new cell membranes.
Amino acids have many contraindications; drugs in this group are quite expensive. Amino acids represent:
- Heptral. Available in the form of tablets and drops. For acute forms of disease, the use of drops is recommended.
- Gepa - Merz. Available in the form of granules and solution for injection. The drug may only be used as prescribed by a specialist.
Homeopathic medicines
Homeopathy has virtually no side effects, at the same time provides good results. Drugs in this group can be used both for preventive purposes to protect and to maintain healthy liver function. This method of treatment is usually called alternative.
Popular products in this group include:
- Edas – 113 Holeton. It is an alcohol-based solution containing extracts of dandelion and celandine. Use by dropping 1 - 5 drops onto sugar or dissolving in water, three times a day, before meals.
- Hepel. Available in the form of lozenges. The composition is multi-component. Take one tablet on an empty stomach in the morning.
- Enterix. Produced in the form of capsules for resorption. Contains extracts of chamomile, quinine, echinacea and camphor. Take 6 capsules 4 times a day.
- Leptandra compositum. Multicomponent drug. Available in solution form. Intended for the treatment of pathologies of the liver and pancreas. Take 10 drops up to 5 times a day, after meals, dissolved in water.
- Galstena. The product is available in the form of drops and tablets. Contains extracts of milk thistle, celandine, dandelion and phosphorus. The drug should be taken between meals, 1 tablet or 10 drops. Start taking 4 times a day, then reduce the dose and take it in the morning and before bed.
Bile acids
Bile acids promote the regeneration of liver cell membranes. Used for cirrhosis, hepatitis various forms And toxic lesions organ. They are available only by prescription and are most often prescribed when the disease is advanced.
This group of drugs is represented by:
- Urosan. Available in capsules. There are no age restrictions for use.
- Ursoliv. Available in capsules. It is not allowed to be used to treat children weighing less than 34 kg.
Essential phospholipids
The composition of drugs in this group includes an extract soybeans. They contain phosphatidylcholine and unsaturated fatty acids. The drugs, due to their composition, stimulate the natural process of restoration of the liver’s own cell walls, which are more than half composed of phospholipids.
Phospholipids improve intracellular metabolism, activate the detoxification ability of cells, protect them from negative impacts toxic substances, neutralize poisons coming from the intestines, reduce liver load, prevent the formation of connective tissue in the organ, and also increase the effectiveness of interferons. Phospholipids have antioxidant properties. A well-known substance representing the group of phospholipids is lecithin.
Phospholipids are prescribed for fatty tissue degeneration, cirrhosis, and all types of hepatitis.
The most popular drug in this group is Essentiale Forte. It can be produced both in tablets and in the form of a solution for injection and infusion. Phosphogliv and Antraliv are also popular.
Hepatoprotectors during chemotherapy
After chemotherapy, it is important to properly organize drug therapy, which will help restore the structure of the liver. Drugs for the treatment of the liver after radical therapy are prescribed on a purely individual basis, for a course of 6 months.
Alpha lipoic acid is used, which can remove almost all toxic substances from the body. Experts often resort to the use of drugs containing thioctic acid, in particular Thioctacid. The drug is available in ampoules (Thioctacid 600T) and in the form of immediate-release tablets Thioctacid BV. Thioctic acid also protects the liver from fatty degeneration during hepatosis.
Prices
Hepatoprotectors can have different costs. Low cost does not mean the drug is ineffective. In most cases, medications for the treatment of the liver, developed on the basis of natural ingredients, have a more reasonable cost. This group of drugs includes dietary supplements, homeopathic remedies, and herbal medicines.
Preparations of the group of amino acids, fatty acids, as well as drugs intended to restore the liver after radiation or chemotherapy have a high cost.
Basically, prices range from 150 rubles to 2000 or more, depending on the company producing the drug and the composition of the product.
Prevention
For the treatment of liver diseases, it is important to choose pharmacological group medicines that meet the requirements of a specific disease. At viral diseases they choose antiviral drugs; for the prevention and maintenance of liver functionality - hepoprotectors.
Warn probable complications and appearance side effects possible in the case when the remedy, dose and course are chosen by the attending physician, after clarifying all the nuances of a particular disease, including the individual reaction of the patient’s body and the severity of the disease.
Liver diseases can be prevented by adjusting your diet and avoiding excessive consumption of alcohol and other substances that harm the structure and functioning of the liver.
The use of hepaprotectors - drugs for the restoration and treatment of liver pathologies, as prescribed, will help prevent the development of dangerous diseases.
The list of hepatoprotective drugs with proven effectiveness cannot be called extensive. Pharmacies sell more than 700 types of hepatoprotectors of various origins. Protective and therapeutic effect Most of them are confirmed only by a subjective parameter - an improvement in well-being. Only a few drugs have undergone controlled studies (suppression). Among them are products with ursodeoxycholic acid and milk thistle extract.
Indications for the use of liver protective drugs
Hepatoprotectors with proven clinical effectiveness help with various diseases liver. They are prescribed:
- against cirrhosis caused by a virus;
- against alcohol;
- for treatment (impaired flow of bile into the intestines);
- after chemotherapy, s;
- with (hepatoprotectors normalize the functioning of the biliary system);
- in the liver against the background of diabetes mellitus.
Hepatoprotectors for hepatitis C are of particular importance. They help the body get rid of infection and maintain the integrity of liver cells. Classification of hepatoprotectors
Clinical pharmacology allows us to understand what medicinal product can be called the most effective. Since existing hepatoprotectors for the liver only partially meet the requirements put forward by Professor R. Preisig (1970), none of them can be called ideal. Hepatoprotectors are classified into groups taking into account their origin and chemical structure.
List of essential phospholipids
The preparations are made from highly purified soybean extract. The essential phospholipids contained in soy restore liver cells (hepatocytes), maintain their structure and participate in the transport of protein molecules through cell membranes. Today the effectiveness of the following drugs has been proven:
- Essentiale forte H. The hepatoprotector is sold in capsules or in the form of liquid for injection (prescribed in severe cases). Recommended for viral and. The drug prevents narrowing of the bile ducts. The product is contraindicated for children under 12 years of age.
- Essel forte. The drug is enriched with vitamins B and E. It is effective for various diseases digestive gland and its The hepatoprotector is available in tablets.
- Rezalut Pro. Sold in capsules of 30, 50 and 100 pieces per package. Prescribed for toxic poisoning, cirrhosis and fatty liver.
The duration of treatment with any essential phospholipid is individual. The daily adult dose is 6 capsules.
List of hepatoprotectors from amino acids
Preparations with aminocarboxylic acids may contain:
- Ademethionine (Heptral, Heptor). The amino acid stimulates the production of phospholipids in the body, providing liver cells with a regenerating and detoxifying effect. Heptral and Heptor are administered intravenously for severe pathologies and are prescribed in tablets for moderate diseases. The drugs are considered hepatoprotectors, which help maintain the overall health of the body (improve metabolic processes, improve the quality of blood, promote the flow of bile into the intestines) in case of chronic.
- Ornithine aspartate (Hepa-merz, Larnamin) - an amino acid that helps cope with hyperammonemia (poisoning of the body with ammonia, the enzyme urea), which is a consequence of liver intoxication. Preparations containing ornithine aspartate are expensive, which is why they are rarely prescribed for preventive purposes. Release form Hepa-merz is a granulated powder for the preparation of an oral solution, Larnamin is a liquid for injection in ampoules, granulated powder in a sachet.
Therapy with animal liver extracts
Any hepatoprotector based on animal components should only be purchased with a doctor's prescription.
Inexpensive drugs:
- Hepatosan - contains an extract from pig liver cells. Has a therapeutic effect on fatty hepatosis and non-infectious cirrhosis. It is taken for two weeks, 2 capsules three times a day.
- Sirepar is an analogue of Hepatosan, enriched with vitamin B12, which promotes normal hematopoiesis. Available in the form of a solution for intravenous administration.
- Progepar - contains cattle liver extract. Prescribed for any lesions of the gland, with the exception of. Sold in tablets, which are taken in 1-2 pieces. 3 times a day for 2-3 months.
Hepatoprotective drugs based on animal components increase the risk of allergies. Therefore, they are not prescribed without determining the level of sensitivity of the body to their active components. Modern hepatoprotectors with bile acids
Manufactured using chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acid. The first gives many side effects (nausea, biliary colic, allergies, diarrhea). Contained in the preparations Henofalk, Henosan, Henochol. They are taken to destroy cholesterol.
According to doctors, the most effective hepatoprotector is the one made using ursodeoxycholic acid:
- Ursosan;
- Ursodez;
- Ursofalk;
- Livodex;
- Ursoliv et al.
Preparations with UDCA are indicated for relieving symptoms of biliary cirrhosis, for the treatment of acute hepatitis, and drug-induced liver damage. The dosage and duration of therapy is individual. Due to the strong choleretic effect of bile acid, these drugs are not prescribed to patients with large.
Preparations of natural origin based on plants
Frequently prescribed hepatoprotectors of plant origin:
- Gepabene;
- Geparsil;
- Karsil;
- Legalon;
- Silibor;
- Silimar.
The name with the prefix “Forte” indicates that the drug has an enhanced effect. These preparations are made using silymarin (the active substance of the extract). Its hepatoprotective properties help restore the liver affected by acute or chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. To solve the problem of gland health, it should be taken for at least three months in a row.
Hepatoprotectors of plant origin also include preparations containing artichoke extract. They are sold in tablet form and gelatin capsules:
- Chophytol;
- Holiver;
- Febichol.
The duration of use and dosage of hepatoprotectors is recommended by the attending physician, taking into account the type and severity of the disease.
Combined medications for the gallbladder and liver
List of new and known combined type hepatoprotectors (contain substances from different pharmacological groups):
- Sirin - the drug contains methionine, extracts of artichoke, milk thistle, Schisandra chinensis and other plants. The product is drunk for 30-45 days, 1-2 tablets. morning and evening after meals.
- Gepadif - a hepatoprotector is prescribed for alcohol, drug and infectious liver intoxication. Contains two amino acids (adenine, carnitine), enriched with B vitamins. Available in capsules ( daily dose 4-6 pcs.) and powder for infusion. Treatment may last two or more months.
- Eslidin - contains the amino acid methionine and phospholipids. Sold in capsules. Take 2 pcs. three times a day for 1-3 months in a row.
- Detoxil - made from extracts of artichoke, grapefruit, dandelion and methionine. The drug is fortified (vit. A, E, C, B). Sold in tablets. Take 1-2 pieces a month. in a day.
Combined hepatoprotectors are prescribed for prevention purposes and for diffuse liver changes. Dietary supplements and homeopathic medicines
Hepatoprotective products and herbs
- seaweed;
- pumpkin pulp;
- low-fat fermented milk products;
- dried apricots, prunes, raisins;
- olives, olive oil;
- meat and fish of dietary grades;
- oat, millet, buckwheat cereals.
Every day you need to drink a decoction of rose hips or hawthorn, teas and infusions of hepatoprotective herbs - calendula flowers, nettle, milk thistle, artichoke. Lifestyle
It is important for people with a diseased liver to lead an active lifestyle, but they should not subject the body to heavy stress. In a person who moves little, the processing of animal fats slows down. They are deposited in hepatocytes, which can provoke. The same thing happens to the liver of people who periodically engage in intensive sports, for example, in order to lose weight. excess weight. For quick recovery Doctors recommend taking one-hour walks every day. fresh air. Smokers should give up the bad habit.
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Hepatoprotectors for the liver: list of effective and inexpensive drugs
Due to age-related characteristics and deterioration of digestive function, people develop polyhypovitaminosis. This affects the metabolism in the body and triggers an accelerated aging process. The main goal of hepatoprotectors is to prolong a person’s youth and life.
There are about 200 varieties of the drug, each of which has its own indications and contraindications for use.
What it is?
Hepatoprotectors- a group of heterogeneous medicines, which, in domestic practice, prevent the destruction of cell membranes and stimulate the regeneration of hepatocytes, thereby having a positive effect on liver function. They increase the liver’s resistance to pathological influences, enhance its detoxification function by increasing the activity of enzyme systems (including cytochrome P450 and other microsomal enzymes), and also help restore its functions in case of various damages (including toxic ones).
At the same time, the proven clinical effectiveness of the use of hepatoprotectors in various states contradictory.
Groups of hepatoprotectors
Currently, there is the following classification of tablets, when taken, the liver is supposedly restored:
- phospholipids;
- amino acid derivatives;
- medicines of animal origin;
- bile acids;
- herbal medicines;
- homeopathic medicines;
- Dietary supplements.
But no matter how much patients ask what is the most effective drug for improving the functioning, maintaining and treating the liver, there is no ideal drug that could restore liver tissue very quickly and effectively. As a rule, such medications are taken throughout the entire period as long as there is an adverse effect of a certain factor on the human liver and there is significant harm from such an effect.
At the same time, patients who need liver protection when taking antibiotics, or those who are interested in how to support the liver when taking alcohol, should understand that a one-time use of such a drug after a person has consumed alcohol, toxic drugs, or overeated, has no effect at all . Therefore, it is better not to treat the liver yourself, because a hepatoprotective agent is only an auxiliary drug in complex therapy, and only a specialist should determine which drug is better and how to treat it.
Organ functions and drug effects
Any disease that affects the liver causes serious disruption in almost all body systems, since the organ performs a number of important functions, in particular the liver:
- responsible for protein, carbohydrate, lipid, pigment metabolism;
- neutralizes the harmful effects of toxins and drugs;
- stores vitamins and microelements;
- produces cholesterol and lipids;
- regulates blood clotting;
- responsible for the production of bile acids and their transport to the gallbladder;
- stimulates intestinal function;
- synthesizes and inactivates some hormones, including sex hormones;
- produces enzymes;
- is a blood repository.
Nature, having endowed the liver with so many functions, took care of its integrity. This is the only organ that can recover even after partial removal. But the body cannot always cope with some factors on its own, namely:
- obesity;
- alcohol;
- medications;
- genetic factors;
- drug use;
- poor environment;
- diabetes mellitus;
- physical inactivity;
- improper nutrition.
Although the liver is capable of recovery, prolonged excessive stress sooner or later disrupts its activity. Hepatoprotectors are designed to protect the liver from such factors. They, of course, will not replace basic therapy, but will complement the effect of prescribed medications and can improve the function of liver cells.
In case of liver pathologies (hepatitis, hepatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure, cancer, etc.) and forced prolonged use of certain medications (anticonvulsants, antitumor, painkillers), the doctor must prescribe hepatoprotectors.
Recently, a myth has formed that this class of drugs is just an invention of “greedy” pharmacists who want to profit from the grief of patients and produce drugs with dubious effectiveness. Opponents of these drugs rely on the fact that in Europe and the USA, liver treatment is not carried out with such medications, since they do not exist in the list of pharmacological agents.
When are drugs from this group prescribed?
IN Russian pharmacies There is a wide selection of liver cleansing drugs that are very popular. The cost of the therapeutic course is expensive for patients, although not everyone feels the result. Discussions about the appropriateness and necessity of such treatment in medical circles have been going on for a long time; in our country, a doctor can prescribe hepatoprotectors in the following cases:
- For (fatty liver). Hepatoprotectors are used as part of complex therapy, which includes: a low-fat diet, antidiabetic drugs, and regular exercise.
- After chemotherapy. The hepatoprotective agent helps to gradually restore the liver.
- . Medicines are prescribed if antiviral drugs do not show the expected effect or for any reason antiviral therapy is impossible.
- When caused by alcoholism. In this case, the main step towards recovery is to stop drinking alcohol, otherwise hepatoprotectors will be absolutely useless.
- For toxic hepatitis (after taking antibiotics). Hepatoprotectors are effective in combination with other drugs to restore the liver, diet, and giving up bad habits.
- With enlarged liver (hepatomegaly). For rapid regeneration of organ cells and normal functioning of the organ, hepatoprotectors are used.
List of popular hepatoprotectors for 2019
The list of hepatoprotectors with proven effectiveness for 2019 is not that long. First of all, it is ursodeoxycholic acid, as well as amino acids. However, the effect of amino acids in most cases manifests itself only with injections, and ursodeoxycholic acid is used for liver diseases to treat only certain manifestations and cannot be considered as a universal drug.
List of inexpensive and effective hepatoprotectors:
| A drug | Price from |
| Berlition | 594 rub. |
| 461 rub. | |
| Hepa-merz | 769 rub. |
| Hepatrin | 320 rub. |
| Heptor | 1022 rub. |
| Heptral | 1612 rub. |
| Karsil | 372 rub. |
| Legalon | 283 rub. |
| Ovesol | 172 rub. |
| Octolipen | 359 rub. |
| Rezalut Pro | 1332 rub. |
| Thiogamma | 223 rub. |
| Tykveol | 278 rub. |
| Urdoxa | 741 rub. |
| Ursosan | 191 rub. |
| Ursofalk | 210 rub. |
| Phosphogliv | 540 rub. |
| Hepel | 366 rub. |
| Hofitol | 372 rub. |
| Essentiale Forte | 715 rub. |
| Essliver | 315 rub. |
Classification of liver drugs by type of active substances:
| Active Ingredients | Drugs |
| Animal liver cells | Gepatosan, Sirepar, Progepar |
| Milk Thistle Extract (Silymarin) | Karsil, Gepabene, Galstena, Legalon, Fosfontziale, Gepatrin, Livesil Forte |
| Artichoke extract | Hofitol, Hepatrin |
| Pumpkin seed extract | Tykveol, Peponen |
| Other herbal ingredients | Hepel, Liv 52, Ovesol |
| Phospholipids | Essentiale Forte, Phosphogliv, Antraliv, Essliver, Phosphonciale, Rezalut Pro, Hepatrin, Livesil Forte |
| Ursodeoxycholic acid | Ursofalk, Urdoxa, Ursosan, Livodexa |
| Thioctic acid | Octolipen, Thiogamma, Berlition |
| Ademetionine | Heptral, Heptor |
| Ornithine | Hepa-Merz |
Hepatoprotectors with essential phospholipids
According to statistics, these drugs are most common in post-Soviet regions. They are obtained from soybeans. Phospholipids are products of lipid metabolism, which are kind of building blocks for the construction of cells. These substances are involved in transport nutrients, cell division and differentiation, they activate various enzymatic systems.
The advantages of hepatoprotectors based on essential phospholipids include:
- the ability to quickly restore hepatocytes at the molecular level;
- protection against toxins and viruses;
- improvement of the action of interferons;
- preventing the formation of scar tissue.
However, there are also negative opinions about these medications.. In particular, in 2003, a study was conducted in the United States that did not determine the positive effect of such drugs on liver function. Scientists have also found that during the treatment of hepatitis - acute and chronic, inflammation intensified, since drugs in this group do not have choleretic properties, and the bile stagnates.
If we are guided by these studies, then the choice of drugs of this type for the treatment of viral hepatitis is the wrong decision. There is also evidence that different B vitamins, which are present, for example, in Essliver Forte, are not recommended to be taken at the same time. Some sources claim that tablets like Essentiale practically do not enter the liver, being distributed throughout the body. It is advisable to take B vitamins separately in tablets; you can find out the names of the drugs from your doctor.
Therefore, treatment of liver disease with such drugs may be ineffective. At the same time, the price of hepoprotective drugs is quite high: if you take capsules for one month, the cost of treatment will be approximately 3,000 rubles. Thus, taking modern drugs of this type, the patient receives questionable effectiveness. And people with hepatitis (the active form of the disease) need to take them very carefully.
List of essential phospholipids:
| Essentiale N, Essentiale forte N
Composition: essential phospholipids. |
| Essliver Forte
Ingredients: essential phospholipids (less than in Essential), vitamins (B1, B2, B6, E, PP, B12) |
| Fosphonziale
Ingredients: Lipoid C100 and Silymarin |
| Gepagard Active
Ingredients: essential phospholipids, vitamin E |
| Phosphogliv
Ingredients: phospholipids, trisodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid (antiviral and immunomodulatory effects) |
| Rezalut PRO
Composition: Lipoid PPL 600, which contains: medium chain triglycerides, phospholipids, glycerol mono/dialconate, soybean oil, vitamin E. |
| Doppelhertz active essential phospholipids
Compound: Essential phospholipids, Vitamin B1, B2, B6 |
| Eslidin
Composition: phospholipids + methionine |
Hepatoprotectors with components of animal origin
Preparations created from pork liver are capable of regenerating hepatocytes of the human liver, since they are as similar in composition as possible. Thanks to their detoxifying and antioxidant effects, they treat hepatitis, hepatosis and cirrhosis of the liver.
Among the positive qualities noted:
- the ability to remove toxins from the body;
- accelerate the regeneration of hepatocytes;
- restore lost liver functions.
- high risk of allergies;
- the risk of developing immunopathological syndromes in acute forms of hepatitis;
- they are not suitable for the prevention of liver diseases.
Cons: There is no clinical evidence that the medicine actually helps or is safe. There is also a potential danger when taking these medications: for example, they should not be taken if you have active hepatitis. Also, drugs of this type have a high allergenic potential. Therefore, before practicing such treatment, it is necessary to determine whether the person has high sensitivity to the drug.
When taking such drugs, there is a risk of the patient contracting a prion infection, which causes spongiform encephalopathy. Therefore, when determining which medicine is better, you need to take into account that there is an opinion that it is not advisable to take these tablets for the treatment of liver pathologies.
Hepatoprotectors with amino acids: Heptral, Heptor (Ademethionine)
Positive opinion- amino acids, for example, ademetionine, take part in the synthesis biologically active substances and phospholipids, has regenerating and detoxifying properties. By the end of 1 week of use, Heptral also exhibits a pronounced antidepressant effect, breaks down fats and promotes their removal from the liver. These medications are used for fatty liver hepatosis (fatty degeneration), chronic hepatitis, toxic hepatitis, withdrawal syndrome, and depression.
Analysis of the conducted clinical trials indicates the clinical effectiveness of ademetionine and indicates a pronounced hepatoprotective effectiveness in alcohol and drug-induced liver damage, cholestatic liver diseases (primary biliary cirrhosis), chronic viral hepatitis. It has choleretic and cholekinetic effects, antioxidant, neuroprotective and antifibrosing properties.
Negative opinion— Heptral is a registered drug in Russia, Germany and Italy. Also in Australia he is veterinary drug(for dogs and other animals). In all other countries, the drug is positioned as a dietary supplement, since research results have shown dubious results.
Most doctors still claim the effectiveness of this drug, but only if it is infused intravenously, since it is poorly absorbed when taken orally.
Ornithine aspartate - Hepa-Merz
Positive opinion— Ornithine helps reduce high level ammonia, is used for disorders of brain function associated with impaired liver function, as well as for fatty degeneration and toxic hepatitis. This medicine is practically not used for prevention.
The effectiveness of Hepa-Merz was proven in a randomized multicenter study in patients with liver cirrhosis with elevated levels of ammonia in the blood. It is prescribed for various types hepatitis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, especially with hepatic encephalopathy and liver cirrhosis.
Negative opinion- in the case of alcoholic liver damage, it has practically no effect, so supporting and protecting the liver with this remedy is ineffective. A noticeable effect is observed only in hepatic coma. It is advisable to use the drug for the purpose of short-term recovery from this state.
Hepatoprotectors of plant origin
The most trusted drugs are those with plant based. Especially popular are the fruits of milk thistle, in which many biologically active ingredients(microelements, vitamins, organic acids).
Preparations based on milk thistle significantly reduce the toxic effect on the liver and promote the regeneration of cellular structures. In damaged hepatocytes, protein production is stimulated, cell membranes are stabilized, and the loss of trace elements stops, thereby increasing the natural regeneration of liver cells.
However, there is insufficient confirmed data on the clinical effectiveness of silymarin in the treatment of alcoholic liver tissue damage. Effectiveness in acute hepatitis C and viral hepatitis B has not been proven. In the future, studies will be conducted on the effectiveness of silymarin in the treatment of chronic liver diseases.
| Karsil and Karsil Forte
Ingredients: milk thistle extract.
|
| Legalon
Ingredients: milk thistle fruit extract.
|
| Gepabene (milk thistle and smokeweed)
Ingredients: herbal fumifera dry extract and milk thistle. |
| Silymar tablets
Ingredients: milk thistle fruit extract. |
| Milk thistle tablets (extract)
Ingredients: 50 mg silymarin. Price: 20 pcs. 130 rub. |
| Milk thistle meal (crushed plant)
Application: 1 teaspoon 3 times a day with meals. |
| Milk thistle oil in capsules Application: adults, 1 capsule. 2 times a day during meals. The course is 1 month, which can be repeated 2-3 times a year. Contraindications: spicy gastrointestinal diseases, childhood. Price: 40-60 rub. |
| Milk thistle syrup
Ingredients: milk thistle meal and extract, common thyme herb, tansy flowers. |
Milk thistle tablets are not the only herbal medicines that restore and protect the liver. Celandine, artichoke, turmeric, pumpkin seeds, and fumaria officinalis can act as active ingredients in a number of hepatoprotectors. They are distinguished by a minimal number of side effects, the ability to eliminate spasms of the gallbladder, and improve the outflow and production of bile. For example, Allochol, which is not a hepatoprotector, also consists of plant components, but causes a lot of side effects.
At the same time, medical evidence suggests that artichoke leaf extract is widely used, but it has not been clinically proven that it can provide effective help. At cholelithiasis, acute hepatitis, cholestasis syndrome is not recommended.
The list of popular drugs includes:
- Liv-52, regenerating damaged intracellular processes. Prescribed for persistent disturbances of appetite, it has a healing effect on the liver due to its powerful phytocomposition.
- Pumpkin based on pumpkin seed oil. It has a pronounced antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect, normalizes the composition of bile and the condition of the bile ducts.
- Chophytol, which has a choleretic and diuretic effect, improves blood composition and promotes the rapid elimination of urea.
- Hepel, which has antispasmodic, choleretic, hepatoprotective, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Dietary supplements or homeopathic medicines
List of drugs:
- Galstena with active plant components - milk thistle, medicinal dandelion and celandine. The drug also contains phosphorus and sodium sulfate. Prescribed for the treatment of liver pathologies occurring in acute and chronic forms, in case of impaired functioning of the gallbladder, chronic pancreatitis.
The medicine is taken after meals or 1 hour before meals. Children under one year old are prescribed ½ tablet 3 times a day, children 1-12 years old - ½ tablet (or 5 drops of the drug), children over 12 years old and adults - 1 tablet. At severe forms disease, the frequency of taking the drug is increased to 8 times a day.
- Hepel. The medicine contains spotted milk thistle, components of the quinn tree, celandine, nutmeg, phosphorus and colocynth. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, choleretic and antidiarrheal properties. Prescribed to patients suffering from bloating, appetite disorders, eczema, acne on the body, as well as toxic and inflammatory liver diseases. Hepel is taken three times a day, one tablet. In severe forms of pathology, patients are administered 1 ampoule of the drug intramuscularly.
