High glycemic index or sudden rise amount of dextrose in circulatory system cause a pathology such as xerostomia, with the regular occurrence of which a man or woman should definitely be concerned about their condition and find out additional signs high blood sugar and make an appointment with a therapist for advice. Symptoms high sugar in the blood - alarming prerequisites for disease endocrine system and violations of its functions.
What is high blood sugar
Excessive dextrose content is a dangerous situation in which the concentration of a substance exceeds the norm. The main reasons for this change may be insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, dysfunction of the endocrine system, problems with excess weight, alcoholism, and smoking. Without proper treatment, hyperglycemia will lead to ketoacidosis, microangiopathy, decreased immunity, and in particularly severe cases, hyperglycemic coma. According to statistical research endocrinologists were able to establish the normal range before and after consumption food products:
Diabetes mellitus is the main disease associated with an increase in glucose due to a small amount of insulin. This dangerous disease may have an acquired status or be hereditary. Diabetes is accompanied by a decrease in the ability to heal wounds, which can cause the formation of ulcers, and further trophic ulcers. In relation to both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, they use hormonal drugs, which, thanks to insulin, reduce the level of dextrose.
Symptoms of high blood sugar
Problems with the urinary system, abnormalities in the functioning of the stomach, deterioration of brain function, weight loss, emotional instability - all this constitutes the main symptoms of increased levels of dextrose. It is important to know how this disease manifests itself at the beginning of its development in order to begin correct treatment in time. Signs of high blood sugar in adults are a signal to contact a qualified physician as soon as possible.
First signs
The first symptoms of high blood sugar are determined by severe dryness of the oral mucosa and viscous saliva, since glucose has the ability to remove water from cells. Next, excess fluid enters the extracellular space and begins to be actively filtered by the kidneys, which causes frequent urination(polyuria). Water after leaving the cells can no longer nourish them, which will cause deterioration of hair condition or development skin diseases. Without proper drug therapy the condition can worsen significantly, leading to the death of the patient.
Feeling good with high blood sugar
Patients feel the first signs of high blood sugar - tingling in the hands, it becomes difficult for them to concentrate their attention on anything for a long time. Impairments in sexual activity and vision may occur. A person with an elevated glycemic index experiences constant thirst and hunger, thereby causing weight gain and swelling of the limbs. Excess glucose in the body affects the incorrect functioning of the membranes of the brain, gastrointestinal tract and urinary system.
Symptoms of a sharp increase in blood sugar
A spontaneous increase in sugar causes dehydration, furunculosis, polyphagia (increased appetite), erethism, and weakness. At night, the number of urination increases. In addition, excess glucose is accompanied by constant fatigue, skin itching and relapse of infections of various etiologies. Feeling numb and muscle spasms lower limbs – characteristic symptoms hyperglycemia.
How does high blood sugar manifest?
Like any pathological condition, hyperglycemia is accompanied by clinical as well as psychosomatic symptoms. By appearance A person and his behavior can make assumptions about diabetes. The patient is constantly irritated, prone to causeless anxiety, and without proper treatment may develop acute psychoses and schizophrenia. Shortness of breath, unnaturally pale face, smell of acetone, overweight- clear signs of problems with glucose. Depending on gender and age, characteristic signs of high blood sugar may appear.
Among women
Representatives of the fairer sex in modern world They are forced to work constantly, so they rarely pay attention to changes in their well-being. Candidiasis is the most common sign indicating problems with glycemic balance, which is initially mistaken for separate disease. Hidden Species Diabetes is manifested by hypertrichosis of the body, due to the fact that hormones cannot be adequately synthesized by the endocrine glands. There is diabetes in pregnancy, called gestational diabetes, which leads to excessive development of the fetus and problems with childbirth.
In men
In addition to general clinical manifestations, men with high sugar levels suffer from impotence. Problems with hormonal balance and dextrose levels are the main prerequisites for male infertility and an increase in estrogen. Signs of high blood sugar in men are more subtle than symptoms of high blood sugar in women, due to the peculiarities of the genitourinary and hormonal systems.
Early identification of signs of hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) allows you to promptly seek qualified help, conduct a diagnosis and select the desired treatment regimen. In most cases, hyperglycemia occurs when diabetes mellitus(other reasons are less pronounced), achieving compensation for which helps prevent the development of complications and even death. What symptoms of high sugar indicate the occurrence of pathology are discussed in the article.
What does the body need glucose for?
Before you understand why the sugar content in the bloodstream increases and how this condition makes itself felt, you should find out what glucose (sugar) is and why the body needs this substance.
Glucose is a simple saccharide that can appear as a separate substance or as a component of complex carbohydrates. It is necessary for the human body so that all vital processes have the correct course. Glucose is an energy “bomb” that nourishes cells and tissues, and in some cases is stored in reserve.
After foods rich in saccharides enter the stomach and intestines, the process of processing them begins. Proteins are broken down into amino acids, lipids into fatty acids, and carbohydrates - to saccharides, including glucose molecules. Next, sugar is absorbed into the bloodstream and distributed to cells and tissues with the help of insulin (a hormone synthesized by the pancreas).
Main characteristics of the substance
Important! This hormonal substance not only allows glucose molecules to penetrate into cells, but also reduces the level of glycemia in the blood.
In addition to participating in energy processes, the body needs sugar for the following:
- production of amino acids and nucleic acids;
- participation in lipid synthesis;
- activation of enzymatic activity;
- operation support of cardio-vascular system;
- eliminating hunger;
- stimulation of the central nervous system.
Why might your sugar levels rise?
There are conditions that provoke an increase in glucose levels. They can be physiological and pathological. In the first case, glycemia is temporary and does not require examination or treatment. Pathological causes require differential diagnosis and treatment of an adult or child.
TO physiological factors include the pregnancy period, the influence stressful situations on the body, playing sports, including a large number of carbohydrate foods in the individual menu.
Pathologically elevated glycemic levels are observed in the following cases:
- pathologies of the kidneys and adrenal glands;
- brain diseases;
- tumors of the pancreas and adrenal glands;
- diabetes;
- burn processes;
- epileptic seizures.
Pheochromocytoma (tumor of the adrenal glands) is one of the reasons why glucose levels in the bloodstream increase
Symptoms of hyperglycemia
Unfortunately, signs of high blood sugar appear at the height of the disease, and not during its course. early stages. For example, in diabetes mellitus, manifestations of hyperglycemia become pronounced only after more than 85% of the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas die. This explains the lack of ability to cure the pathological condition.
Symptoms of high blood sugar in children and adults, which are more often noticed by relatives of sick people than by the patients themselves:
- pathological feeling of hunger, which is manifested by excessive appetite, but lack of weight gain;
- daytime sleepiness, depressive state, irritability;
- changes in sensitivity in the area of the hands and feet;
- itching skin, frequent rashes of unknown origin;
- long-term healing of scratches, abrasions, wounds;
- inflammatory processes genitourinary system recurrent in nature.
Manifestations of hidden diabetes
In most cases " sweet disease“It occurs in a latent form, so patients do not even suspect that their body has elevated glucose levels. This condition is often diagnosed during a preventive medical examination based on the results laboratory diagnostics.
Important! A person can contact specialists with complaints general, which are not specific signs high glycemic index. Most common reasons requests for consultation become a decrease in the level of vision or purulent inflammation long-term non-healing wounds.
At high sugar in the blood there is a toxic effect on the patient’s body as a whole and on its individual organs in particular. Small-caliber vessels are primarily affected, which leads to changes in trophic processes.
When conducting differential diagnosis It should be taken into account that risk groups for developing hyperglycemia include:
- patients with polycystic ovary syndrome;
- patients with high numbers blood pressure;
- adults and children with high body weight;
- people who have relatives with any form of diabetes;
- women who have had a gestational form of the disease previously.
To check availability hidden form pathology, perform a sugar load test. If the diagnosis is carried out on time and prescribed specific treatment, disease progression can be avoided.
Laboratory symptoms of high sugar
Using laboratory diagnostics, you can not only confirm the presence of an increase in blood sugar, but also its degree, which will allow you to evaluate general state patient, select the appropriate dosage of drugs to relieve the pathology.
Diagnosis of the patient’s condition occurs by examining his capillary or venous blood
When the quantitative indicators of glucose increase within 8 mmol/l, we are talking about lung pathology degree of expression. Figures in the range from 8 to 11 mmol/l confirm the presence of moderate hyperglycemia. A severe form of elevated glycemia is characterized by a sugar level above 11 mmol/l.
A sharp rise in glycemic levels above 15 mmol/l may indicate the development of a precomatous state. Lack of timely qualified assistance leads to the transition of precoma to coma. From the moment of loss of consciousness, medical workers have only 4-8 hours to prevent death.
Last updated: October 2, 2019
One of the most important substances that allows our body to function normally is glucose. It is easily processed by the gastrointestinal tract and serves as an indispensable source of energy for brain cells, muscle tissue, and blood. But if glucose levels rise above normal, it can pose a serious health threat.
Increased sugar levels (hyperglycemia) in women can occur when various states. It is not always caused by the presence of some disease. Mostly, pathological process associated with improper carbohydrate metabolism in the body. To find out the causes of high sugar, you need to see a doctor and undergo tests prescribed by a specialist.
Causes of high blood sugar in women
Every cell in the body needs glucose as an energy carrier. Physiological processes carbohydrate metabolism, balanced work of the central nervous system and endocrine system allow you to maintain metabolic processes fine. The normal blood sugar level for women is 3.3-5.5 mmol/l.
Pathological hyperglycemia can be caused by:
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- infectious hepatitis;
- neuroendocrine disorders (obesity, Cushing's disease);
- adrenal dysfunction;
- tumor formations in the pancreas;
- hormone-producing neoplasms;
- suffered heart attacks, strokes, injuries.
In women with diabetes, sugar may rise due to non-compliance with the dosage or frequency of taking hypoglycemic drugs, as well as the wrong combination of drugs.
A temporary increase in sugar levels in women can occur with:
- pregnancy;
- excessive amounts of simple carbohydrates in the diet;
- stress;
- severe bleeding;
- deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body;
- carbon monoxide intoxication.
Glucose levels may rise after taking certain medications:
- glucocorticosteroids based on prednisolone;
- birth control pills;
- beta blockers;
- phenothiazines.
Important! If a woman has not previously suffered from diabetes, and the sugar level after meals often shows slight hyperglycemia, this may indicate high risk developing diabetes in the future.
Forms of hyperglycemia
Based on the etiology of the development of pathology in women, several forms of hyperglycemia are distinguished:
- Physiological- happens at healthy women, is not accompanied by disruption of the functionality of organs and systems. Neurogenic physiological hyperglycemia occurs against the background of stressful situations, and nutritional hyperglycemia occurs as a result of excessive intake of sweets and carbohydrates into the body.
- Pathological- develops under the influence of existing diseases.
Based on the concentration of glucose in the blood, there are several degrees of hyperglycemia:
- light- glucose level not more than 8.2 mmol/l;
- average- no more than 11 mmol/l;
- heavy- above 11 mmol/l.
Clinical manifestations of the pathological process
The main signs of high blood sugar are:
- strong thirst;
- skin itching;
- increased diuresis;
- polyuria;
- weight loss or obesity;
- weakness and increased fatigue;
- ketonemia;
- blurred vision.
To confirm the diagnosis, you need to take a blood sugar test or test at home using a glucometer. The intensity of symptoms depends on the severity of the condition. With sudden hyperglycemia (due to, for example, overeating), the symptoms will manifest themselves more clearly than with chronic hyperglycemia.
Each symptom has its own development mechanisms. Increased thirst occurs due to the osmotic ability of glucose to attract water. When its level increases, fluid begins to be rapidly removed from the body. As compensation, the body reflexively tries to replenish water losses, which is expressed by intense thirst.
The attraction of many water molecules to 1 glucose molecule leads to increased excretion from the body through the kidneys. In this regard, there is another characteristic feature hyperglycemia - increased diuresis. The binding of water molecules by glucose molecules can lead to hypertension if the fluid does not have time to be eliminated from the body.
If the sugar concentration exceeds 10 mmol/l, it is detected in urine. This increases the symptoms of hyperglycemia.
Weight loss is observed if a woman has a catastrophic deficiency in insulin synthesis. Glucose cannot penetrate the cells, they experience constant energy hunger. As a result, weight loss occurs.
If a woman is overweight, the tissues begin to experience a state of insulin resistance. Insulin is synthesized within normal limits, but the receptors that are supposed to bind it do not work correctly. As a result, glucose cannot enter the cells in the required quantity. But the primary excess of fat does not cover energy hunger. The body tries to obtain energy in another way, associated with lipid oxidation. This increases the content of ketone substances in the body (ketonemia). It is characterized by the release of the odor of acetone when breathing.
Treatment Options
How to lower blood sugar? Symptoms characteristic of elevated glucose levels require mandatory examination. To pick up correct treatment, you need to find out what exactly caused hyperglycemia, whether this phenomenon is temporary or permanent.
Often with short-term, moderate hyperglycemia, nutritional correction, elimination of stress and moderate physical exercise help stabilize sugar levels. If you have diabetes, you need to regularly monitor your glucose level and learn to take timely measures if it increases.
- follow a prescribed diet if you have high blood sugar;
- use a glucometer to constantly monitor blood sugar, recording the data in a notebook;
- perform a special course of exercises;
- If signs of elevated sugar levels appear, immediately seek help from a doctor;
- if necessary, adjust glucose levels with medications that lower blood sugar (as prescribed by a doctor).
Medications
If there is a stable increase in sugar levels, the doctor may decide to use medicines. These include:
- Insulin;
- Siofor - stabilizes the body's sensitivity to insulin;
- Actos - increases cellular sensitivity to insulin;
- Victoza - normalizes appetite.
Diet and nutritional habits
Proper nutrition is one of the main methods of normalizing blood sugar. You need to adhere to a gentle diet, which involves limiting the consumption of carbohydrate foods.
Diet rules for high blood sugar:
- steam, boil or bake food;
- avoid eating animal fats;
- increase intake of fermented milk products;
- exclude sweet fruits and sweets with sugar;
- drink plenty of fluids a day, better water, unsweetened compotes;
- exclude coffee, juices.
Prevention measures
To prevent high blood sugar, you need to take measures to prevent the causes of this condition.
Prevention of hyperglycemia includes:
- weight normalization;
- maintaining proper nutrition;
- exclusion of alcohol;
- moderate physical activity;
- control of blood glucose concentration;
- timely diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the endocrine system.
Increased sugar levels in women are not always a sign of diabetes. The presence of signs of hyperglycemia is an alarm bell that cannot be ignored. If high blood sugar becomes chronic, it becomes very dangerous for the body. You need to be examined in time and immediately take the necessary measures to eliminate the problem.
From the following video you can learn how to lower blood sugar at home if your blood sugar levels are elevated:
Increased sugar in the blood: find out its causes, symptoms, and most importantly, effective ways treatment without fasting, taking harmful and expensive medicines, injections of large doses of insulin. This page says:
- Why is high sugar dangerous?
- how to put accurate diagnosis- prediabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes mellitus;
- what is the relationship between blood pressure and blood sugar;
- How to take control of a disturbed metabolism.
The website teaches how to reduce sugar to normal, and then keep it at a consistently normal level of 3.9-5.5 mmol/l on an empty stomach and after meals. Increased level Blood glucose does not always mean diabetes. But anyway it's serious problem, which requires attention and treatment to avoid the development of acute and chronic complications on the legs, vision, kidneys and other organs.
High blood sugar: detailed article
This page lists medications which can raise blood sugar. Special attention is given statins for cholesterol. Read how blood sugar and insulin levels are related. Figure out what to do if your glucose level is high on an empty stomach, but normal the rest of the day. To bring your indicators back to normal, read the article “” and follow its recommendations.
Why is high blood sugar dangerous?
Impaired glucose metabolism is dangerous because it causes acute and chronic complications diabetes Acute complications called diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic coma. They can lead to loss of consciousness and fatal outcome. These troubles happen if the sugar level exceeds the norm healthy people 2.5-6 times. More frequent and dangerous chronic complications are loss of vision up to blindness, gangrene and amputation of legs, as well as renal failure requiring a kidney transplant or dialysis.
Also, increased blood sugar stimulates the development of vascular atherosclerosis. The higher the glucose level, the faster a heart attack or stroke occurs. Many diabetics die from heart attacks before they develop problems with their vision, legs or kidneys.
Causes
Blood sugar may spike due to infectious disease or acute stress. In such situations, people with type 2 diabetes need to temporarily inject insulin, even if they usually get by with taking pills. Read more. However, more important are the reasons why patients' sugar remains chronically elevated. First of all, blood glucose levels rise due to the consumption of dietary carbohydrates, especially refined ones.
People who have high sugar levels eat more carbohydrates than their body can safely absorb. Watch a video about how the proteins, fats and carbohydrates you eat affect your blood sugar.
As you know, the hormone insulin lowers sugar by forcing cells to absorb glucose from the blood. In patients with prediabetes, tissues lose sensitivity to it, although there is enough insulin in the blood. Poor sensitivity to this hormone is called insulin resistance. This is a serious metabolic disorder that reduces the chances of patients living until retirement and living on it. With insulin resistance in the first years, blood sugar and insulin may be elevated at the same time. This problem is aggravated by a sedentary lifestyle and overeating. However, it is easy to get under control before it becomes severe diabetes.
In type 1 diabetes, as well as in severe advanced cases of type 2 diabetes, blood sugar is elevated due to the fact that there is really not enough insulin. The sensitivity of tissues to this hormone is usually normal if diabetes is not complicated by the patient being overweight. The reason for the lack of insulin is that the immune system attacks and destroys the beta cells of the pancreas that produce this hormone. You can't do without injections. There is no way you can get by with sugar-lowering pills.
Find out in what quantities you can eat cherries, strawberries, apricots, apples, and other fruits and berries. As for cereal products, patients are interested in semolina, pearl barley, buckwheat, barley, millet, corn porridge, as well as white and brown rice dishes.
Read more about the products:
What are the features of the diet for high sugar in pregnant women?
Pregnant women who have high blood sugar are advised to follow. Thanks to this diet, you can keep your glucose levels normal without any insulin injections or using minimal doses. Let us remind you that you cannot take any diabetes pills during pregnancy. A low-carb diet can lead to ketones (acetone) in the blood and urine. Doctors scare pregnant women that this can cause miscarriage or developmental disorders in the offspring. They are wrong. The appearance of acetone is normal and not harmful. For more details, watch the video below.
Is it worth switching to diet No. 9?
Below are answers to a few more frequently asked questions patients
Can high blood sugar raise blood pressure?
Elevated sugar gradually destroys blood vessels. Over time, this can cause hypertension, heart attack or stroke. But usually, blood glucose levels and blood pressure are not related in any way. In a patient, both of these indicators can be simultaneously increased, decreased, or one of them is increased and the other is decreased. Impaired glucose metabolism and arterial hypertension need to be monitored separately. In people who have excess weight, in a few days it brings blood sugar and blood pressure back to normal. Doses of antihypertensive drugs can and should be significantly reduced, usually to the point of complete failure. Hypertension in thin people is more serious illness. Read about its causes and treatment options.
How can insulin and blood sugar be elevated at the same time?
In people who are overweight, initial stage In type 2 diabetes, insulin and blood sugar are often elevated at the same time. First, tissues lose sensitivity to insulin due to overeating carbohydrates and a sedentary lifestyle. The pancreas tries to produce more insulin in order to push glucose into the cells and reduce its concentration in the blood.
However, this increased load depletes beta cells over time. After a few years, they still produce insulin in excess, but not enough to keep their sugar levels normal. In the absence of treatment and changes in lifestyle, the level of insulin in the blood will begin to fall and glucose levels will begin to rise. The disease will eventually progress to severe type 1 diabetes unless the patient dies sooner from complications.
What time of day is your blood sugar highest?
Most patients have the most high sugar happens in the morning on an empty stomach. Around 4-6 am, adrenaline, cortisol and other stress hormones begin to enter the bloodstream. They force the body to wake up, and at the same time greatly increase the level of glucose in the blood. Their effect stops around 8-10 am.
This is a common problem called dawn phenomenon. Diabetics have to make a lot of efforts to fight it. Read more. After breakfast, glucose levels may paradoxically decrease, despite the fact that eating should increase them.
In some patients, sugar in the morning on an empty stomach remains normal, but regularly rises towards lunch or in the evening. This is important individual feature establish the course of diabetes and then adapt to it. Test your glucose levels frequently to find out how they usually behave during the day. different time days. After this, make the necessary changes to your diet, schedule of taking pills and insulin injections.
Why do I have high blood sugar in the morning on an empty stomach, but normal the rest of the day?
Sugar in the morning on an empty stomach is higher than in the afternoon and evening - this is a problem for most diabetics. Don't consider yourself an exception in this sense. The reason is called the dawn phenomenon. In the morning, a few hours before waking up from sleep, the hormonal levels in the blood change so that the liver intensively takes and breaks down insulin. There is not enough of it to keep your sugar normal. When a diabetic measures his glucose level after waking up, it is elevated. Read the article “”. Achieve normal indicator may prove difficult. However, don't be lazy to do this. Otherwise, chronic complications of diabetes will gradually develop.
What is the reason for high fasting sugar in the morning when following a diet and taking diabetes pills?
Diabetes pills taken before bed wear off in the middle of the night. He's missing until the morning. Unfortunately, the same problem often occurs with an evening injection of extended-release insulin. As a result, the weakened pancreas does not have enough funds to compensate for the effect of the dawn phenomenon.
The worst thing is if a diabetic is used to having dinner late. This is absolutely impossible to do. Find out in detail on this site how to normalize your sugar in the morning on an empty stomach. Don't even dream of achieving this until you give up bad habit late for dinner.
Glucose (sugar) is formed in the body as a result of the breakdown of polysaccharides. This is a unique source of energy that has an antitoxic effect. When sugar levels rise, hyperglycemia develops, a dangerous prediabetic condition. What are the symptoms of high blood sugar in women?
Causes
Hyperglycemia is caused by two groups of reasons: physiological and pathological. The first includes temporary factors, after eliminating which the sugar level returns to normal. In particular these are:
- eating simple carbohydrates;
- prolonged psycho-emotional stress, stress;
- pregnancy;
- lack of rutin and B vitamins, severe blood loss;
- active sports;
- carbon monoxide poisoning;
- pain syndrome (provokes the release of the hormones thyroxine and adrenaline).
Temporary hyperglycemia may also be caused by taking oral contraceptives, estrogens, glucocorticosteroids (based on prednisolone), phenothiazines, beta blockers.
A pathological increase in blood sugar develops in the following diseases:
- pancreatic neoplasms;
- infectious hepatitis, liver cirrhosis;
- complications after various kinds injuries, heart attack, stroke;
- pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus;
- disorders of the adrenal glands;
- endocrine system disorders: Cushing's disease, obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome;
- neoplasms that distort hormonal levels: pheochromocytomas, glucagonomas.
Classification
Depending on the symptoms that appear and the degree of their severity, hyperglycemia occurs:
- mild (glucose level is no more than 10 mmol);
- medium (concentration does not exceed 16 mmol);
- severe (indicators over 16 mmol).
Symptoms in women
The first signs of high blood sugar in women include:
- Sudden appearance of spots before the eyes, loss of visual acuity.
- Violation menstrual cycle against the background of hormonal imbalances.
- Fungal infections of the nails and genitourinary system.
- Vaginal infections, frequent urination.
- Constant hunger, unquenchable thirst.
- Changes in the structure and hair loss, loss of strength and shine (caused by improper metabolism).
- Convulsions indicate deterioration of blood supply and electrolyte imbalance.
Diagnostics
If women experience symptoms of high blood sugar, a tolerance test is required. The study is carried out in stationary conditions.
The algorithm of actions is as follows:
- Blood is drawn on an empty stomach;
- the patient is given a glass of water with glucose to drink;
- After 2 hours, the blood is taken again for analysis.
Before the test, you should not eat or allow your blood pressure to rise. On the day of the test, you should avoid stress, heavy physical activity and active sports. It is recommended to get enough sleep before the examination.
A reading of more than 7 mmol/L on an empty stomach or 7.8–11.1 mmol/L after taking a glucose solution confirms the diagnosis of “impaired tolerance.” Values not exceeding 6.1–7.0 mmol/l (less than 7.8 mmol/l after taking a special solution) indicate a diagnosis of “impaired fasting glucose”.
If necessary, an additional ultrasound of the pancreas is prescribed, general analysis blood (including the presence of enzymes in it).
Treatment
A treatment regimen for a woman is drawn up after the cause of high blood sugar is determined. The first step is to eliminate the provoking factor. The patient is recommended to walk on fresh air and moderate physical activity. It is necessary to stop drinking alcohol and smoking.
The next step on the path to recovery is taking insulin or drugs with a hypoglycemic effect. Self-medication should not be done so as not to aggravate clinical picture diseases.
Diet
To normalize blood sugar levels, doctors recommend:
- Balance your diet, but don't cut calories.
- Do not consume simple carbohydrates: cakes, sweets, sugar. It is better to take 2 tsp. honey per day or sweeteners.
- Complex carbohydrates should account for 50% of the norm. The rest is compensated by proteins and fats, and a large amount of fiber.
- Limit salt intake.
- Organize fractional meals(up to 6 times a day). The serving size should be equal to the size of a clenched fist.
- The volume of liquid should not be more than 2 liters per day.
- Avoid alcoholic beverages.
Healthy foods for high sugar levels - dairy products, chicken eggs(no more than 2 per day), lean fish and meat. Legumes you should eat include peas, chickpeas, lentils, and beans. From whole grains - barley, buckwheat, oatmeal, wheat. It is allowed to include whole grain or Rye bread(preferably yeast-free). Cooking method: steaming, stewing, boiling, baking.
If you have high sugar levels, your diet should include: vegetable crops: all types of lettuce and cabbage, radishes, red peppers, radishes, baked eggplants, tomatoes, leafy greens, spinach. Some berries and fruits are acceptable: blueberries, cranberries, lingonberries, lemon, pears, apples, quince. Good action ensures the consumption of vegetable fats.
Butter, confectionery, and flour products are excluded from the menu. Also prohibited are fatty meats and fish, canned food, bacon, and smoked meats. It is undesirable to eat some fermented milk products: cream, fatty cheeses, cottage cheese, sour cream. You need to completely abandon homemade and industrial mayonnaise. Among fruits and dried fruits, raisins, figs, dates, bananas, and grapes are contraindicated.
Possible complications
Long-term elevated blood sugar levels in women can cause the following complications:
- diseases of the visual organs: retinal damage, glaucoma, cataracts;
- functional disorders of the cardiovascular system with further development strokes and heart attacks;
- dysfunction of the urinary system, renal failure;
- inflammatory processes in the oral cavity.
Prevention
The basis for the prevention of hyperglycemia is physical activity: Gym, running, swimming pool, fitness, yoga. Such activities will prevent physical inactivity, normalize hormonal levels, and increase metabolism.
