Probiotics are medications that contain strains of live bacteria. The product is sold in various forms release and with different compositions. There are not only single-component probiotics, where only one type of microorganism is present, but also multicomponent ones. The unique properties of the drug help achieve the following results:

• strengthening the immune system;
• restoration of microflora and intestinal mucosa after taking antibiotics;
• lowering blood cholesterol;
• rapid removal of toxins and allergens from the body;
• normalization of Ph balance in the colon;
• improving the absorption of vitamins and microelements.

Below are the best probiotics according to doctors and patient reviews. Please note that the information provided is for informational purposes only and is not a guide to purchase. For any advice you should contact specialists!

There are contraindications. Consult your doctor.

The best mono- and polycomponent probiotics

Mono-ingredient probiotics contain only one strain of bacteria. These could be: bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, E. coli or bacilli. Such drugs are classified as first generation probiotics. That is, this was exactly the composition of the very first products for improving intestinal microflora. Multicomponent probiotics include from 2 to 30 strains or several types of live bacteria. For example, one preparation may contain four types of lactobacilli or a mixture of bifidobacteria and lactic acid streptococci. Due to their more complex composition, multicomponent probiotics have a complex effect on the intestinal microflora.

5 BIFIFORM

Strengthens immunity
Country: Denmark
Average price: 472 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.6

The composition of the symbiotic "Bifiform" includes enterococci and strains of bifidobacteria. Active substances normalize the functioning of the digestive system, therefore the probiotic is used for the treatment and prevention of dysbiosis in children and adults. The product also effectively combats constipation and diarrhea. The medicine strengthens immune system and serves as a preventive measure infectious diseases.

For adults, the drug is sold in the form of tablets or capsules. For children The release form is more varied. "Bifiform Malysh" is presented in the form of a powder for preparing a solution with an orange-raspberry flavor. With the same taste there is chewable tablets"Bifiform Kids". And for very young patients, the Bifiform Baby oil solution is produced.

Indications for use:

• prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis;
• constipation and diarrhea.

Contraindications:

4 ACIPOL

Maximum benefits – minimum contraindications
Country Russia
Average price: 337 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.7

"Acipol" is produced in capsules containing kefir grains and acidophilus lactobacilli. Since the shell is gelatinous, before taking the symbiotic for small children, it is recommended to open the capsule and mix the contents in one teaspoon of water or milk. The probiotic is approved for use by babies older than three months.

The action of the active substances of the drug is similar to antibiotics. The product creates unfavorable conditions for pathogenic microbes, therefore it easily normalizes the balance of intestinal microflora. The probiotic is used for the prevention and treatment of dysbiosis resulting from poor nutrition or taking antibiotics. It is often included in the course of complex treatment of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, for colitis and enterocolitis.

Indications for use:

• reducing intoxication during food poisoning;
• chronic enterocolitis and colitis.

Contraindications:

• sensitivity to components.

3 ENTEROL

Best after taking antibiotics
Country: France
Average price: 450 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The multicomponent probiotic "Enterol" was developed by French scientists. The symbiotic contains Saccharomyces boulardii - these are lyophilized live bacteria, and lactose monohydrate acts as an excipient. Having fulfilled their main function, yeast fungi in a natural way are excreted from the body. The drug is available in capsules or sachets of powder.

Most often, Enterol is prescribed after a course of antibiotics. The probiotic fights the causes of diarrhea, which could occur due to food poisoning or against the background of dysbiosis. The product should not be taken by children under 1 year of age without a doctor's prescription.

Indications for use:

• diarrhea;
• rotavirus infection;
• irritable bowel syndrome.

Contraindications:

• allergic reactions or high sensitivity to the components included in the composition;
• pregnancy and lactation period.

2 Lactobacterin

Suitable for newborns
Country Russia
Average price: 140 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The first generation probiotic “Lactobacterin” is created on the basis of one component – ​​live lactobacilli. After entering the intestines, they produce lactic acid, creating favorable conditions for the formation of beneficial bacteria. The active component fights staphylococcus, Proteus and E. coli. Lactobacterin is allowed for babies from the first day of life. The probiotic has virtually no contraindications and side effects, therefore, is not capable of harming the fragile intestines of newborns.

The drug is available in the form of a powder, hermetically packaged in bottles. Each pack contains 10 such bottles. The product can be used for no more than 10 days. The product is resistant to antibiotics, so it can be used simultaneously with antibacterial drugs.

Indications for use:

• intestinal infections and dysbacteriosis;
• diarrhea;
• impaired intestinal function in newborns.

Contraindications:

• vulvovaginitis.

1 Bifidumbacterin

Best for the whole family
Country Russia
Average price: 232 rub.
Rating (2019): 5.0

A prominent representative of the first generation of probiotics is Bifidumbacterin. The one-component drug is available in the form of tablets, drops, powder and suppositories. The product improves metabolic processes, increases immunity and normalizes intestinal function in both adults and children from 6 months. It is worth noting that six-month-old babies can only take “Bifidumbacterin” in powder; other forms of release are approved for use from 3 years of age. If infants refuse to take the drug, then it is possible to prepare a solution based on breast milk.

The active ingredient of the drug is bifidobacteria, which are active against strains coli, yeast-like fungi and staphylococcus. The course of treatment should not exceed 14 days. Only the attending physician can extend the period of admission.

Indications for use:

• dysbacteriosis;
• intestinal infections;
• colic.

Contraindications:

• individual intolerance;
• allergy to probiotic.

The best sorption probiotics

This category presents the best probiotic complexes, which in addition to living microorganisms include a sorbent. In the preparation, bacteria are united into small colonies (20-180 living cells), which are fixed on sorbents, most often activated carbon. This increases the survival rate of microorganisms in the stomach. A product with this composition gently and effectively cleanses the intestines, restores colonies of beneficial bacteria, and prevents poisoning and other stomach problems.

5 Ecoflor

Safely and effectively relieves intoxication
Country Russia
Average price: 125 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.6

An innovative drug of 4 generations of probiotics. At the same time it combines the properties of a probiotic, sorbent and prebiotic. Destroying pathogenic microorganisms, it completely preserves nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli contained in the composition populate the intestines with beneficial microflora. Removal of intoxication of various origins occurs in a short time, as evidenced by a decrease in the number of eosinophils in the blood. The drug is considered the safest among analogues, it equally effectively restores the body after diarrhea and constipation, and does not damage the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.

The drug contains no preservatives or genetically modified bacteria, which increases its safety during treatment. It is recommended to take 10 minutes before meals, diluted in a small amount of water. Allowed to mix with jelly. The course lasts up to 14 days. Children under 5 years old single dose– 3 g per dose, up to 10 years – 5 g, adults also 5 g, but the frequency is up to 3 times a day.

4 BIFIDUMBACTERIN FORTE

Quickly removes toxins from the body
Country Russia
Average price: 215 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.7

The probiotic complex is available in capsule or powder form. Live bifidobacteria sorbed on activated carbon evenly populate the intestinal microflora. Active components normalize microflora, and charcoal eliminates intoxication. The drug very quickly rids the digestive organs of waste products of harmful bacteria, removes toxic substances and restores colonies of beneficial microorganisms.

A probiotic is prescribed not only for indigestion, but also before a planned operation or after surgery. The drug easily eliminates poisoning, constipation and diarrhea. Newborns are prescribed the drug from the first day of life only in powder; capsules are allowed from the age of three.

Indications for use:

• poisoning and allergies;
• constipation or diarrhea;
• intestinal infections.

Contraindications:

• lactase deficiency;
• Individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

3 Linux

Produces B vitamins
Country: Slovenia
Average price: 263 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The active ingredient of the drug "Linex" is libenin, which contains strains of live lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and enterococci. Once in the intestines, beneficial microorganisms not only begin to actively multiply, but also synthesize vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12 and K. Lactic acid bacteria increase the acidity of the intestinal microflora, which leads to inhibition of the growth and development of pathogenic microorganisms. Active substances prevent pathogenic bacteria from attaching to the intestinal wall.

The release form of the drug is capsules. "Linex" is safe for health when correct observance dosage. The product is prescribed even to infants, but it is first recommended to carefully remove the contents of the capsule and mix it with breast milk or formula.

Indications for use:

• treatment and prevention of dysbacteriosis;
• gas or heartburn;
• diarrhea or constipation.

Contraindication:

• hypersensitivity to components.

2 Probifor

Effective against poisoning. Safe at any age, starting from birth
Country Russia
Average price: 684 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.9

It does not consist of individual cells of bifidobacteria, but of small colonies located on microparticles activated carbon. The number of cells in one colony reaches 180 pieces. When they enter the intestines, they begin to actively reproduce, which helps to quickly restore beneficial microflora. Probifor is an effective fighter against diarrhea and intoxication. It contains lactose as an auxiliary substance.

There are no age restrictions for admission. An effective probiotic is prescribed in postoperative period. Doctors advise taking it before surgery or childbirth. Indications for starting medication are skin diseases, bacterial infections, allergies. Available in powder or capsule form. They are taken with meals, washed down with plenty of water, kefir or yogurt. For a child of the first year of life, you need to dilute the powder with water before taking it. Frequency of administration: up to 7 years, 1 capsule 4 times a day. Over 7 years old – 3 pieces 2 times a day. If symptoms do not disappear, then the course of treatment is extended from 3 to 5 days.

1 Bactistatin

Better regulation of intestinal microflora
Country Russia
Average price: 860 rub.
Rating (2019): 5.0

The drug contains zeolite, which removes toxic substances and allergens from the body and improves parietal digestion in the intestines. A probiotic does not contain live bacteria, but contains a liquid produced from Bacillus hay, which is rich in vitamin E. It selectively affects the intestinal microflora, destroying pathogenic and preserving beneficial bacteria. Bactistatin contains a substance similar to interferon, which enhances immunity to viruses. Intolerance to the drug is rarely observed. Not recommended for pregnant and breastfeeding women due to lack of research.

According to patient reviews, at the very beginning of treatment, cramps and bloating disappear, and stool normalizes. A drug is prescribed for the treatment of dysbiosis, gastritis, and allergies. Doctors recommend taking it after antibiotics, when there is a high probability of microflora imbalance. The drug should be taken strictly according to the instructions: adults – 1-2 capsules three times a day during meals. Children from 6 years old – up to 2 pieces per day.

The best synbiotics

Synbiotics are preparations that contain probiotics and prebiotics. Probiotics are live bacteria that belong to the normal intestinal microflora. Prebiotics – organic chemical substances, creating ideal conditions for normalizing intestinal microflora. Complex preparations cope well with indigestion, since one capsule contains not only beneficial microorganisms, but also a nutrient medium for them.

5 NARINE FORTE

Dietary fermented milk product
Country Russia
Average price: 350 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.6

The liquid probiotic contains a specially created strain of acidobacteria “Narine TNSi”, which takes root well on mucous membranes gastrointestinal tract. The product fights all known pathogenic microorganisms. Together bifidobacteria and acidobacteria for a long time remain viable, which means the effect of normalizing the intestinal microflora is longer.

The drink is recommended for use by adults and children with dysbacteriosis and intestinal infections. "Narine Forte" is prescribed after long reception antibiotics or hormonal drugs, as well as after radiation or chemotherapy. The product normalizes intestinal function after climate change. It can be taken by expectant mothers, women during lactation, as well as newborn or premature babies.

Indications for use:

• vitamin deficiency;
• alcohol intoxication;
• prevention of dysbacteriosis.

Contraindications:

• individual intolerance.

4 Biovestin – Lacto

High rate of drug absorption
Country Russia
Average price: 506 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.7

Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria that are part of the product belong to a strain in which high speed reproduction. They destroy pathogenic bacteria, quickly saturating the body. Around them is created biological environment, preventing penetration pathogenic microbes. Biovestin-Lacto is one of the best drugs for pregnant and lactating women experiencing digestive difficulties and constipation. The drug is recommended for use by persons who have undergone chemotherapy and radiation treatment.

Allowed for newborn children. Individual immunity is considered a contraindication. It is recommended to store in the refrigerator, but in a low cooling zone. Storage duration is up to two months. The daily dose for adults should not exceed 12 ml. It is better to drink immediately before meals. For preventive purposes, take for 30 days 3 times a year. One package lasts for a week. According to patient reviews, the drug is easily tolerated, there is additional cleansing of the skin from inflammation, and elimination of flatulence.

3 Normoflorin

The most natural composition, suitable for newborns
Country Russia
Average price: 400 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.8

"Normoflorin" is an effective biocomplex against intestinal dysbiosis. It improves peristalsis, restores microflora, and reduces cholesterol. It is based on three components: metabolites, lactitol and bacteria (bifido and lacto). Together they have an active positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract. The drug is suitable even for people intolerant to lactose and cow's milk protein. Important feature considered to be a completely natural composition.

The manufacturer produces three types of “Normoflorin”, which differ slightly in composition. But most often they are advised to be taken in combination. The probiotic has been on the market for over 20 years. It is a complex of useful substances that can help even with chronic diseases Gastrointestinal tract (ulcers, gastritis, etc.). The kit includes a measuring cup. The product is used for the prevention and treatment of dysbiosis in children and adults. Does not contain dyes or preservatives.

Indications for use:

• stomach ulcer, chronic gastritis and etc.;
• lactase deficiency;
• dysbacteriosis;
• disturbed microbiocenosis.

Contraindications:

• individual intolerance to components.

2 Bion-3

Probiotic with vitamin complex
Country: Germany
Average price: 859 rub.
Rating (2019): 4.9

The probiotic contains bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. It is considered the best drug with a high content of vitamins and minerals. Saturates the body with B vitamins, folic acid, vitamin C, E, biotin and others. Thanks to such a rich composition, immunity is increased and the balance of microorganisms is restored after antibiotics. The amount of substances completely covers the daily need of a child and an adult for them. The tablets quickly dissolve after use, nutrients enter the bloodstream and saturate the body’s tissues, and metabolism is activated.

The modern, effective drug is recommended to be taken for prevention, starting from the age of 14. Take 1 tablet per day for 30 days. The package is designed for 1 course. Due to the high content nutrients Before use, consult a doctor. At renal failure, hypercalcemia, dysfunction thyroid gland the use of the drug is limited or prohibited.

1 Maxilak

Best efficiency.Most popular
Country: Poland
Average price: 440 rub.
Rating (2019): 5.0

The dietary supplement “Maxilak” is one of the most popular according to doctors and patient reviews. The drug contains live lactobacilli (4 species), bifidobacteria (3 species), lactococci and streptococci, and the prebiotic oligofructose is used to create comfortable conditions for them. This combination effectively suppresses the activity of harmful bacteria and stops their reproduction.

The drug can be taken not only by adults, but also by children aged 3 to 14 years, subject to compliance with all prescriptions of the attending physician. The synbiotic is available in the form of capsules with an innovative patented Multi Resistant Encapsulation (MURE) coating. Capsules retain the viability of microorganisms even under aggressive environmental influences, so the product can be stored at high temperatures.

Indications for use:

• long-term treatment with antibiotics;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• dysbiosis.

Contraindications:

• hypersensitivity to synbiotic components.

Prebiotics are non-microbial compounds that stimulate the reproduction and growth of beneficial microflora in the body. These substances are in digestive system are not digested, but are fermented in the large intestine by beneficial microorganisms. Let's take a closer look at what prebiotics are, their types and how they work.

Positive properties

Prebiotics when entering the body are food for beneficial bacteria. In the process of restoring the microbial biocenosis, these elements activate complex biochemical reactions that optimally maintain conditions for the development of microflora, supply bacteria with the necessary substrates (anti-stress peptides, amino acids, vitamins), and supply energy to “friendly” microorganisms. In addition, prebiotics in the intestinal lumen “acidify” the environment, resulting in unfavorable conditions for the development of harmful organisms.

Biological properties:

In addition, prebiotic cultures reduce appetite, this promotes weight loss.

How are prebiotics different from probiotics?

The name of these two groups of funds quite similar, so they are often confused:

• Prebiotics are chemical organic matter who have the ability to create good conditions for the development of normal intestinal microflora.
• Probiotics are live microorganisms that belong to the normal intestinal microflora.

It must be said that the effect of probiotics and prebiotics is similar, since each of the groups of these drugs normalizes the intestinal microflora.

Kinds

Prebiotics are low molecular weight carbohydrates. Polymer molecules that are connected to each other by one or a series of beta-glycosidic bonds. Moreover, the simpler the saccharide, the faster it acquires pronounced bifidogenic properties and is fermented with the intestinal microflora.

Systematization of drugs by chain length:

Monomeric drugs have a bifidogenic effect already in the oral cavity and esophagus, polymeric drugs - along the entire length of the colon, oligomeric - in the upper parts of the large intestine, dimeric - in small intestine and stomach. Combination of carbohydrates different types creates difficulties for beneficial bacteria balanced “feeding”.

If long time When using prebiotics of the same series, activation of microorganisms occurs in a limited part of the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, other strains of probiotics develop disproportionately. As a result, the positive effect of beneficial flora on the body is significantly reduced.

List of main representatives of prebiotics:

• inulin (a natural polysaccharide that is present in Asteraceae plants);
• lactulose (element of dairy products);
• soluble fiber (psyllium, chitosan, guar gum, psyllium seeds);
• breast milk oligosaccharides;
• antioxidants (selenium, carotenoids, ubiquinone, glutathione, vitamins E, A, C);
• fructooligosaccharides;
• food insoluble fibers (hemicellulose, cellulose, bran, lignin);
• sweeteners (raffinose, xylitol, sorbitol);
• galactooligosaccharides, including lactose;
• oligofructose (one of the components of inulin);
• microbial and plant extracts (carrot, potato, pumpkin, corn, yeast, garlic, rice);
• para-aminobenzoic acid;
• amino acids (glutamic acid, valine);
• polydextrose (a polysaccharide formed by glucose residues);
• unsaturated fatty acids;
• acacia resin;
• algae extracts;
• resistant starches;
• lectins (protein structures that are able to bind complex sugars);
• enzymes (bacterial beta-galactosidases, Saccharomyces proteases).

The above compounds are found in natural prebiotics, and are also used as a selection list of biologically active complexes and medicines.

Food sources

To maintain a healthy gut flora, include food sources of prebiotics in your daily diet. The minimum daily dose is 20-30 g. (of which lactulose invariably accounts for 5 grams, and pure inulin – 7 grams).

Choosing foods that contain prebiotics:

Among pharmacological drugs The most popular prebiotic is lactulose (a synthetic disaccharide). This compound has a distinct bifidogenic effect. Therefore, medicines based on it are manufactured, both in pure form (under various brand names) and in combination with other substances.

Selection of drugs that contain lactulose:

Indications for the use of the drugs described above: putrefactive dyspepsia, intestinal dysbiosis, chronic constipation, hepatic encephalopathy, digestive system dysfunction, salmonellosis. In addition, lactulose is used to normalize stool during pregnancy and lactation.

Prebiotics in baby food

Intestinal microflora in correct ontogenesis infant has a primary role. The first microbacteria enter the child’s body during passage through the mother’s birth canal. But dense colonization of the intestines with microflora begins at the first breastfeeding baby.

The main representatives of the microflora of children– bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, gram-positive cocci, enterobacteria, clostridia. In addition to probiotic strains, breast milk contains oligosaccharides (“food” for bacteria). At the same time, 1 liter of mother concentrate contains 1.5 grams. prebiotic components. Receiving the required “feeding”, beneficial microbacteria multiply, and harmful ones die.

If infant is located artificial feeding, then the baby’s flora suffers (there is a small content of beneficial organisms in the intestines). These babies often develop gastrointestinal diseases (constipation, dysbacteriosis, gas formation, colic), food allergies, infectious invasions. To prevent the development of these problems, infant formula is enriched with prebiotic substances.

List of complementary foods for children that contain oligosaccharides:

Prebiotics: reviews and best drugs

In medical practice and science there is no such definition as “best”; there is the concept of “optimal”, since different medicines are best suited for the treatment of specific diseases with their own characteristics and nuances. The same is completely true and applicable in relation to prebiotics and probiotics, since the different organic substances or strains and types of bacteria contained in them have the best effect on various functional diseases and disorders of the large intestine.

For example, to relieve diarrhea, the best probiotics are those that contain bacilli (Subtil, Bactisubtil, Biosporin, Bactisporin, etc.) or saccharomycetes (Enterol, etc.). To treat dysbiosis, you need to choose a medicine based on the results of a fecal examination, since the best probiotic in this case is the one that contains the bacteria that are most lacking in the intestines. Thus, in each specific case, the best probiotic will be different, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient and the nuances of his illness.

If problems appear with the flora in the intestines, constipation and diarrhea begin, which are most easily treated with symptomatic means, but only temporarily. Most gastroenterologists and nutritionists still recommend using restorative drugs for microflora. Lacto- and bifidobacteria strengthen the immune system and improve the absorption of required substances. I liked the Protect Bakzdrav starter culture, which contains more than 10 varieties of beneficial microbacteria.

Vika 32 years old, Kirov

There is no way to buy food at work, so you need to survive on whatever you can. Once on the way I ate some nasty stuff. As a result, I suffered from diarrhea and intestines for several days. I drank at the same time as the Linex fixative. It did its job, but I can’t say it had a superb effect.

Maxim 34 years old, Kyiv

Maxilak excellent remedy, acquired it somehow. There is also normospectrum with a similar composition, as well as various substances and types of bacteria. It seems to me that today bifidumbacterin is of little use, given the antibiotics we take.

Lera 43 years old, Moscow

Today, most parents practice a conscious approach to their child's health. Therefore, when choosing infant formula in a store, they prefer to buy food that contains probiotics and prebiotics. Why does the manufacturer add these substances to its products and are they really necessary for a growing child’s body? In this material we will consider the most frequently asked questions about pro- and prebiotics, the best drugs for children that contain these biologically active substances.

Live microorganisms that help the body improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. These microcultures perform the function of the immune system on the mucous membranes in the intestines. Thereby harmful microorganisms in the digestive system do not have the opportunity to develop. Probiotics activate the production gastric juice and the necessary enzymes, so important for the digestion of food, remove toxins from the body. There are many types of probiotics. The most common are bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. These beneficial microcultures can be found in fermented milk products.

When are probiotics prescribed to children?

Probiotics are prescribed to children in the following cases:

• Immune deficiency;
• Respiratory, viral diseases;
• Flu;
• Allergies;
• Dysbacteriosis;
• Flatulence, diarrhea;
• Infections caused by bacteria;
• Restoring intestinal microflora after taking antibiotics or chemotherapy.

Probiotics: List of the best drugs for children

You can pick it up at the pharmacy suitable drug at an affordable price.

• Hilak Forte. The drug is from Germany. It is in demand among parents of children who suffer from intestinal dysbiosis. Pediatricians prescribe Hilak for the treatment of urticaria, eczema, and other skin diseases. Used as the main medicine for salmonellosis and food poisoning. Hilak has a gentle effect on the intestines and its microflora, normalizes gastric acidity. The doctor prescribes Hilak drops three times a day, 15-40 drops, depending on age.
• Bifiform-Baby. Can be used by children who suffer from lactase deficiency and dysbacteriosis. Bifidobacteria included in the drug help children's intestines cope with digestive problems. Sold as oil solution, which must be mixed with powder where beneficial microorganisms are located.
• . The capsules contain bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and special substances that help them reproduce. Usually prescribed during antibiotic treatment. Helps reduce them negative impact on the child's body.
• Enterol. Contains yeast fungi and lyophilized live bacteria. The drug can be given to newborns to reduce the manifestation of colic, but it is worth limiting their daily dose.
• Colibacterin. Special E. coli in powder form. Activates intestinal function, stimulates the immune system, improves the process of food digestion. Not recommended for children under 6 months as it may cause allergies.
• Normoflorin. Russian biocomplex. Prescribed by doctors for gastroduodenitis, gastritis, pancreatitis, and intestinal problems. According to consumer reviews on forums, it is suitable for both children and adults.
• Rotabiotic baby. Great for babies. In addition to lacto- and bifidobacteria, chamomile and fennel can be found in the composition, which stop inflammatory processes in the baby’s intestines and reduce gas formation.
• Blends with probiotics. For the youngest children, you can buy in pharmacies and stores that contain probiotics, for example, “”, “” fermented milk, “”.
• BioGaia Probiotic. Can be given to a newborn immediately after birth. The drug reduces the symptoms of colic and stimulates the immune system. Contains lactobacilli. The drops must be diluted with water and given with milk or other liquid.
• Probiotics iHerb. On the official website of the iherb company, from many types you can choose the necessary probiotic preparation for patients of any age.
  Primadofilus from the company Iherb is suitable even for the smallest children.
• Dufamishki. Chewable lozenges with lactulose-based probiotic. It has a pleasant fruity taste, stimulates calcium absorption, and normalizes intestinal function.

Prebiotics

A special dietary supplement, fiber, which allows the beneficial intestinal microflora to actively develop. Prebiotics are considered food for probiotics. Together with probiotics they give good therapeutic effect. Prebiotics save from constipation, inflammatory processes inside the intestines, actively fight gases, and activate the production of vitamin K and B. Without prebiotics, magnesium and calcium are less absorbed by the body.

Among these dietary fibers, one can distinguish oligo-, poly- and monosaccharides, including galactooligosaccharides, lactulose, cellulose, pectins, glutamic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, lactose, inulin, etc. Prebiotics can be found in corn, dairy products, cereals, garlic, beans, bran, Jerusalem artichoke, fiber, and so on.

When are prebiotics prescribed to children?

Prebiotics are prescribed if the child has:

• The complex process of recovery after a serious illness;
• Chronic constipation;
• Inflammatory processes in the intestines;
• Disruption of food digestion processes;
• Decreased immunity;
• Diet food;
• Problems with metabolic processes in organism;
• The optimal pH level is disrupted;
• The body is clogged with toxins.

Prebiotics: Rating of the best children's drugs

Most often, prebiotic drugs are prescribed in combination with probiotics.

• Duphalac. A medicine with the active ingredient – ​​lactulose. Available in liquid form and in the form of powder sachets. Recommended for children from birth who are prone to frequent constipation. It should be used only under the supervision of a pediatrician.
• Lactofiltrum. This drug should not be given to babies under 12 months of age. Lactulose cleanses the body of toxins and allows beneficial microorganisms in the intestines to actively multiply.
• Syrup Portalac. Increases the number of lactobacilli in the colon, changes intestinal microflora and softens feces. Prescribed to children from birth with systematic.
• Prelax Baby. It is produced in two forms: syrup and powder. It is an additional source of lactulose, which allows you to gently and effectively remove solid feces from the intestines. Stimulates the growth of normal microflora. Can be given to children from birth.
• Stimbifeed. Swiss mineral and vitamin complex. Does not allow pathogenic bacteria to develop, stimulates the formation of normal microflora.
• Normospectrum Baby. Refers to symbiotics (combines pro- and prebiotics). Doctors do not recommend using the drug for children under one and a half years old. Contains 8 types of lactobacilli, a complex of bifidobacteria, vitamins B, C, D. The drug stimulates the immune system, normalizes metabolism, and removes toxins.
• Maxilak. A symbiotic that does not contain gluten or casein additives, therefore it is not dangerous for allergy sufferers. Suitable for patients with lactose intolerance.

How to give prebiotics and probiotics to newborns?

There are some rules for the use of probiotic preparations, which can be found in the instructions for use:

1. Almost all drugs are recommended to be used 3 times a day with or after meals.
2. In the instructions you can find all the details about the duration of treatment. But it is important to understand that the course must be continued until the patient’s well-being improves. For example, if an infant has an upset stomach, medications are given at least 4 times a day, and fluids are actively given to him until the symptoms disappear.
3. When the drug is sold in capsules, doctors recommend pouring their contents into a spoon with water, the temperature of which is not higher than 37˚ (but not with milk), to give it to babies.
4. It is better to start giving many dietary supplements immediately after starting antibiotic treatment.
5. When the disease takes a chronic form, the medicine is given half an hour before meals.

It is important to remember that any pharmaceutical drugs should be prescribed only by a qualified doctor.

Komarovsky’s opinion on the treatment of children with probiotics

The media doctor believes that the benefits of such drugs are too exaggerated. He claims that beneficial microorganisms entering from the outside are not absorbed, but are simply excreted from child's body, without taking root there. Therefore, he recommends using probiotic products if:

• The child has acute diarrhea rotavirus nature;
• when taking antibiotics;
• for problems with sugar breakdown in children.

There is no evidence that general immunity is increased by taking pre- and probiotics in children. If this happens, it will only be on a short time, because artificially introduced beneficial bacteria continue to multiply for no more than 20 days. Therefore, it is better to choose natural products containing probiotics, stimulate an active lifestyle for your baby and adhere to the rules of a balanced diet.

Microflora disturbance is a common problem among children. To combat it, pediatricians prescribe special medications - prebiotics and probiotics for children, which can quickly restore the normal composition of bacteria, eliminate unpleasant symptoms and prevent the development of complications.

Probiotics are effective remedies for disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in children and adults

Probiotics and prebiotics: differences and similarities

Probiotics are non-pathogenic and non-toxic living microorganisms, substances of microbial and other origin that are used in medicinal purposes to restore normal and suppress the growth of pathogenic and opportunistic microflora. These include representatives of the genus Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, Enterococci and Bacillus, non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, and some yeast fungi that are residents of the intestines. Probiotics are contained in specially developed medications, supplements and food products (kefir, fermented baked milk, yogurt, cheeses, etc.).

Fermented milk products are the best sources of probiotics for children

Prebiotics are food components that are not digested or absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract, but are fermented by the microflora of the large intestine and selectively stimulate the growth and activity of bacteria living in it. In essence, they provide food for beneficial natural microflora or create conditions favorable for their development.

Prebiotics are present in foods (dairy, cereals, bran, legumes, raw vegetables and fruits) and are available in the form of medicines.

Depending on the structure, the following groups of prebiotics are distinguished:

• monosaccharides (xylitol, sorbitol);
• disaccharides (lactulose);
• oligosaccharides (fructose and galactooligosaccharides);
• polysaccharides (cellulose, fiber, inulin, pectins, dextrin, chitosan);
• organic acids(lemon, acetic, para-aminobenzoic, glutamic);
• peptides;
• amino acids, etc.

Foods rich in prebiotics

The common properties of probiotics and prebiotics is their final result of action - the normalization of intestinal microflora, and the differences lie in the mechanism for achieving it. They can be prescribed to children individually or in combination, as they complement the therapeutic effects.

Effect on the body

The state of the intestinal microflora determines the activity of the immune system, the process of digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and even the mood of the child. The balance of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria is important for maintaining normal child health and preventing a number of diseases, including infectious ones.

When they enter the intestines, they not only increase the number of beneficial bacteria, but also:

• participate in the synthesis of antibacterial substances, organic acids, enzymes that inhibit the growth of pathogenic intestinal flora;
• compete with bacteria for attachment sites on the intestinal mucosa;
• stimulate the immune response, increase the production of antibodies, T-killers, increase the production of interferon;
• reduce the permeability of the intestinal mucosa;
• have a positive effect on exchange;
• participate in the synthesis of B vitamins (biotin, cyanocobalamin, folic acid).

Mechanism of action of the probiotic

Prebiotics also perform important functions in the gastrointestinal tract:

• create an optimal pH level in the intestines for the development of beneficial microflora;
• activate local immunity;
• prevent rotting, reduce the formation of gases and facilitate their removal;
• suppress the growth of pathogenic microflora (clostridium, shigella, listeria, candida, etc.), bind the toxins produced by it;
• improve calcium absorption;
• enhance intestinal motility, increase the volume of feces, eliminate constipation;
• help remove mucus from the large intestine;
• contribute to the rapid restoration of the colon mucosa if it is damaged.

Indications

The main indication for prescribing probiotics or prebiotics for children is dysbiosis, that is, an imbalance of intestinal microflora. According to the famous pediatrician E. O. Komarovsky, the cause of the development of intestinal dysbiosis is a violation of the diet, overfeeding, snacking, therefore, to eliminate it, you should feed the child according to his appetite and give healthy foods.

Symptoms of dysbiosis in children

Pro- and prebiotics for children are often prescribed for acute respiratory infections, weakened immunity, as part of complex therapy dysfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract:

• irritable bowel syndrome;
• tendency to constipation;
• necrotizing enterocolitis;
• inflammatory processes (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis);
• skin allergies;
• diarrhea of ​​infectious origin;
• antibiotic-associated diarrhea;
• tumor diseases of the large intestine;
• hepatic encephalopathy.

Advice: Probiotics and prebiotics have a complex effect on the child’s body, so they should only be prescribed by a pediatrician if indicated. But parents can independently enrich their children’s diet with foods containing these substances in large quantities.

The role of probiotics for infants

During intrauterine development The baby's gastrointestinal tract is sterile. The colonization of bacteria begins at the time of birth during passage and subsequent attachment to the breast. The first inhabitants of the baby's gastrointestinal tract are representatives of E. coli and streptococci, and then, as a result of contact with the mother, loved ones, and household objects, strains of Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, Bacteroides and other colonies, both useful and not so useful, appear.

The main reasons for the development of dysbiosis in infants are considered to be late attachment to the mother's breast, poor nutrition of the woman if the child consumes breast milk, and transfer to artificial feeding. It contains the prebiotic lactose (milk sugar), which promotes the development of microflora, antibodies, enzymes, vitamins and many other biologically useful active ingredients, ensuring the formation of immunity and normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. If impossible breastfeeding choose milk formulas containing Lacto- and Bifidobacteria for newborns and children up to 6 months.

Mixtures with pro- and prebiotics reduce the frequency of regurgitation, diarrhea, constipation, and colic attacks in infants

Beneficial intestinal microflora is important for the health and normal development of newborns, it helps:

• combat vitamin deficiencies and enzymatic disorders;
• synthesize essential amino acids, peptides and nucleotides;
• regulate the process of adaptation to new conditions;
• reduce the risk of intestinal infections;
• form a protective barrier on the intestinal mucosa.

Interesting: In children born through caesarean section and those who are bottle-fed, there is a smaller amount of Bifido- and Lactobacilli present in the intestines than in babies born naturally.

If it is necessary to correct the composition of the intestinal microflora in children infancy pro- and prebiotics are prescribed. One of the indications for taking such drugs in the first months is intestinal colic, caused by the adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract to new food and living conditions. For elimination painful symptoms Lactobacilli are especially important. Probiotics for babies in the first year of life are prescribed in complex treatment and for the prevention of infectious diseases, allergies, constipation, and lactase deficiency.

Bifiform is a probiotic approved for children from the first day of life

Probiotics

The list of medications with probiotics presented on pharmacy shelves today is quite wide. The drugs differ in their qualitative composition, release form, cost, shelf life and storage conditions.

Probiotics are used for children different composition. The first were monocomponent products containing only one type of bacteria.

They are used when identifying a deficiency of a certain type of bacteria:

• Bifidumbacterin (Bifidobacterium bifidum), from birth;
• Colibacterin (Escherichia coli), from 6 months;
• Acylact and Biobakton (Lactobacillus acidophilus), from birth;
• Lactobacterin (Lactobacillus plantarum and fermentum), from birth;
• Bactisporin (Bacillus subtilis), from 1 month;
• Sporobacterin (Bacillus subtilis), from 6 months;
• Enterol (Saccharomyces boulardii), from birth;
• Biosporin (Bacillus Subtilis and Licheniformis), from birth.

Bifidumbacterin

Most commercially available probiotics for children are multicomponent, meaning they contain several types of beneficial bacteria at the same time. They are effective in combating the predominance of pathogenic microflora in the intestines.

These include drugs with the following names:

• Bifiform (Bifidobacteria and Enterococci), from 2 months;
• Bifikol (Bifidobacteria and Escherichia coli bacteria), from 6 months;
• Linex (Lacto-, Bifidobacteria and Entrococcus), from birth;
• Acipol (Lactobacillus and kefir grains), from 3 months;
• Polybacterin (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli), from 3 years;
• Symbiolact (Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli), from birth;
• Lactomune (Bifidobacteria and Lactococcus), from birth.

Linex for children is available in the form of sachets with powder

Modern drugs of the latest generation are sorbed probiotics, in which beneficial bacteria are immobilized on tiny particles of activated carbon or other enterosorbents. They have a pronounced protective and detoxifying effect and are highly bioavailable.

In sorbed probiotics, bacteria are protected from the destructive effects of gastric juice and are more firmly attached to the inner wall of the intestine:

• Probifor (Bifidobacteria), from birth;
• Florin Forte (Lacto- and Bifidobacteria), from birth;
• Ecoflor (Lacto- and Bifidobacteria), from 3 years;
• Bifidumbacterin Forte (Bifidobacteria), from birth.

Probifor is a preparation containing Bifidobacteria sorbed on activated carbon

If congenital intolerance to lactose and cow's milk protein is detected in children, it is necessary to select probiotics for newborns that do not contain these components: Bifiform Baby, Narine, Liveo Baby, Biovestin.

Probiotics should be given to children in age-appropriate dosages, following the instructions or recommendations of the doctor. Medicines in powder form are pre-diluted in warm water, tablets and capsules are swallowed whole with a small amount. Capsules and tablets from 3 years. For younger children, the capsules are opened and their contents are diluted in water. To a small child It is preferable to give probiotics in liquid form. They contain high concentrations of viable, non-dried bacterial cultures and a nutrient medium for them, begin to act within a couple of hours after administration, and are easily dosed.

Prebiotics

Prebiotics are available in the form of syrups, drops, granules, tablets, and powders.

In pediatrics they use:

• lactulose-based syrups (Duphalac, Normaze, Romphalac, Portalac and Goodluck) from birth;
• Hilak-Forte drops containing germ-free aqueous substrates of metabolic products of beneficial intestinal microflora, from 2 years;
• Lactusan and Prelax Baby syrups with prebiotics lactulose, lactose and galactose, from birth;
• Importal N and Exportal powders containing lactitol, from 1 year.

Syrups with lactulose are often used as laxatives for infants.

Some products contain prebiotics in combination with other active ingredients:

• Lactofiltrum and Lactofiltrum-Eco, tablets with lactulose and lignin sorbent, are allowed from 1 year;
• Stimbifide, tablets with vitamins (groups B, E, PP, C), minerals, inulin and oligofructose, from 6 months;
• Pikovit Prebiotic, vitamins B, A, E, C, K, D with oligofructose, from 3 years.

Recommendation: To prevent dysbiosis and correct mild forms of intestinal dysfunction, it is better to first increase the amount of food products containing prebiotics in the child’s diet, and then, if necessary.

Pikovit – vitamins with prebiotics for children over 3 years old

Combination drugs

A separate group includes drugs containing both pro- and prebiotics.

The products increase the survival rate of bacterial supplements taken in the intestines, creating favorable conditions for beneficial microflora and improving metabolic processes:

• emulsion Biovestin-Lacto, contains the bacteria Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus plantarum, bifidogenic factors and metabolic products of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli, from 1 year;
• Normospectrum capsules contain Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, vitamins, minerals, prebiotics oligofructose and inulin, from 1.5 years;
• symbiotic complexes Normoflorin, containing Lactobacilli or a mixture thereof, in combination with organic acids, amino acids, bacterial metabolic products, minerals, vitamins and the prebiotic lactitol, from birth;
• Maxilac powder, includes a complex of Lacto- and Bifidobacteria in combination with fructo-oligosaccharides, from 4 months.

Complexes Normoflorin

Precautions

Probiotics and prebiotics are considered safe medications, which is why most of them are approved for use from birth. However, this does not mean that they should be given to children for any reason and prescribed independently, since the long-term consequences of their long-term use have not yet been fully studied.

Contraindications for their use include:

• allergic reactions to any components of the drug, including excipients;
• intestinal obstruction;
• the presence of blood impurities in the stool;
• pathologies affecting the state of the immune system.

When using probiotics, especially in liquid form, it is important to check the expiration date and strictly follow storage conditions, otherwise the product may quickly deteriorate and have no effect.

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Today, pediatricians are increasingly prescribing probiotics for children both as a means of normalizing stool and as a tool for strengthening the immune system. Has there really been a panacea that will help simultaneously heal sore stomachs and prevent frequent colds? Is it safe to use probiotics in infancy and how among many pharmaceutical drugs find the best one for your baby?

In balance with nature

The human intestine is a huge world populated by billions of microorganisms, both beneficial and opportunistic. Ideally, it is dominated by lacto- and bifidobacteria that are friendly to our body. They literally stand guard over health:

• help digest food and promote the absorption of nutrients from it;
• synthesize some vitamins, organic acids and microelements, thereby strengthening the immune system;
• fight viruses and more pathogenic flora– secrete substances that are harmful to them, making the intestinal walls impenetrable.

The baby “receives” the first dose of beneficial bacteria in the birth canal, and then through colostrum and mother’s milk. In older children and adults, their optimal amount is maintained through the consumption of fermented foods - fermented milk products and naturally fermented (not pickled) vegetables.

What are probiotics and why are they needed?

WHO defines gut probiotics (for both adults and children) as microorganisms that can improve health when taken orally. This large family includes typical representatives of healthy microflora (beneficial bacteria) and some types of spore-forming fungi.

The question arises: if nature has already provided an excellent mechanism for preserving our health, then why take medications with probiotics, much less “feed” them to children? The fact is that the ideal balance described above in modern world practically unattainable.

More and more children are born without birth canal(via caesarean section), many of the newborns are subsequently bottle-fed. The last “strokes” in the picture are the unfavorable environmental situation, stressful situations And antibacterial therapy, which is often prescribed even to infants.

In what cases are probiotics indicated for children?

The result is not long in coming. Babies suffer from dysbiosis almost from birth, intestinal disorders of various kinds, and their weakened immunity reacts frequent colds and dermatitis. Children's probiotics will help solve all these problems - this is what pharmacologists and advertising say. They recommend taking medications containing them (eubiotics) in the following cases:

• to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea;
• during the period of damage to the body by gastrointestinal viruses and respiratory diseases;
• during the transition to artificial feeding, with poor weight gain;
• for disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (including in artificial infants) - constipation, frequent regurgitation and non-infectious diarrhea;
• in complex therapy of skin diseases.

Important: it is not possible to populate a child’s intestines with beneficial microflora in one go; a course lasting from one to several weeks is required.

Probiotics for children – what are they?

By and large, medicines and dietary supplements with probiotics for adults and for children under 6 years of age differ only in the form of release. While the former are most often presented in the form of pills, the latter are usually produced in the form of suspensions, drops or powders for dissolution in liquid. As a rule, they are diluted in a small amount of warm (not hot) water or simply added to food.

Important: for adults liquid form preparations with probiotics are unacceptable for the reason that bacteria not covered with a special capsule die in the aggressive environment of their stomach. In babies (especially infants), the acidity of this section of the gastrointestinal tract is neutral, so microorganisms reach the intestines without loss.

All such products are classified according to generations (from the first to the fifth) and according to their composition:

• single-component – ​​they contain only one type of probiotic (lacto- or bifidobacteria);
• multicomponent, or symbiotics - consist of at least two types of beneficial bacteria or yeast fungi;
• combined, or - they contain not only probiotics, but also components for their better “survival” - as well as the products of their metabolism.

Important: the rule “more is not always better” applies to probiotics for infants and children younger age. At different points in life, different microorganisms can help a baby’s intestines. Which ones and in what combination should be determined by the treating pediatrician or gastroenterologist.

What should you pay attention to?

Pharmacologists quickly responded to the increased interest in probiotics. On the shelves of pharmacies today you can find dozens of medications and dietary supplements (products that do not have proper certification) containing live microorganisms. Unfortunately, there is no universal among them, but high price and imported production do not always automatically mean greater efficiency.

So, for example, inexpensive drug Bifidumbacterin from Russian manufacturers in most cases “works” no worse than the widely advertised and more expensive Linex. Therefore, when choosing a probiotic for your baby, you should first of all pay attention to the following nuances:

• expiration date – since we are talking about living microorganisms, this information on the packaging should be given special attention;
• storage conditions - certain means must be kept exclusively in the refrigerator, otherwise the bacteria simply die and the drug turns into a “dummy”;
• lack of dyes and flavoring additives - they can cause allergic reactions in babies;
• acceptability of use at a certain age - not all prebiotics can be given to children, especially infants;
• convenience of dosage - in some cases, the manufacturer suggests giving babies only part of the contents of the package, and in this situation the dose is approximate (example - Laktomun Ecolodzhik panda in a sachet).

Advice: good reviews They use probiotic starters for children “Health” from Bakzdrav and Narine, produced domestically. You can use them to prepare natural yoghurts for children or use them without fermentation.

Choosing a probiotic for a newborn

A separate topic is probiotics for newborns, of which there are not so many on the domestic market. Most of them are not medicines, but dietary supplements, and there is official information about the safety of their use in children under one month old, as a rule, no. So, in essence, the doctor prescribing such drugs and the parents take on special responsibility for the health of such babies.

Based on reviews, you can make a unique rating of experience-tested products containing probiotics and intended for babies from the first days of life:

• BioGaia drops - produced in Sweden, contain lactobacilli, recommended for restoring microflora, preventing intestinal disorders and complications of antibiotic therapy;
• Bifiform Baby is a two-component Romanian drug consisting of powder (dried bifidobacteria and lactic acid streptococcus bacilli) and an oil solution, the suspension is prepared immediately before the course of administration, can be used with lactose intolerance;
• Normoflorin – biocomplexes from Russian manufacturer, which contain lacto- and (or) bifidobacteria, their metabolic products (vitamins, microelements) and prebiotics;
• Symbiter is an acidophilic ferment made in Ukraine (you may not find it in Russia), it is positioned as a “multibiotic” because it contains a large complex of microorganisms.

Important: before giving a medicine or dietary supplement to a child, you need to carefully study the instructions for the drug. Special attention It is worth paying attention to the dosage and the presence of contraindications.

Probiotics for children – benefit or harm?

There is endless debate as to whether children need probiotics in their medications. The massive advertising attack actually took its toll. More and more parents are inclined to believe that they should be given to their children “with or without reason.”

At the same time, some pediatricians (for example, the same Dr. Komarovsky) are skeptical about the artificial “population” of children’s intestines with bacteria. They argue that the benefits of such probiotics are greatly exaggerated, and seemingly harmless self-medication can cause harm to the baby if he has serious chronic diseases.

In addition, infants are often lactose intolerant and allergic to cow's milk protein. These components may be part of dietary supplements and can cause severe allergic reaction at the baby's.

In any case, with the question of which probiotic is best for a child, parents should not turn to acquaintances and friends, but to the treating pediatrician. And he should prescribe them only on the basis of the baby’s test results.