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How can a heart beat? Why palpitations occur and how to deal with them

What causes the problem of rapid heartbeat?
What are the causes of tachycardia (rapid heartbeat)?
Who is most susceptible to this disease?

Few people have not experienced palpitations, the causes of which were not always obvious. The pulse rises sharply, the vision becomes dark, weakness and dizziness appear, this is also called an attack of tachycardia.

Let's figure out what tachycardia is? These are disturbances in the heart rhythm, characterized by an increase in the frequency of heart contractions. At the same time, it increases to 90 beats in one minute.

For a person, the norm of contractions is 60-90 vibrations per minute, while exceeding the norm up to 100 is not considered critical. The baby has a faster heart rate. By about the age of five or six years, this figure is equal to that of an adult and drops. The norm is determined by the World Health Organization.

What causes the problem of rapid heartbeat?

In medicine, there are two causes of heart palpitations:

physiological;
pathological

The first appears in response to the physical or emotional stress that a person experiences. This could be a reaction to a cold or a change in room temperature. Your heart rate may increase when you overeat, drink energy drinks or alcohol, or take certain medications.

This is how our physiology adapts to different conditions. A pathological cause can be detected without any special external stimuli, this is how diseases manifest themselves of cardio-vascular system

, and sometimes other organs. They can be heart defects, myocarditis, cardiosclerosis, blood loss and infection. Then tachycardia is a symptom of the above abnormalities. It is often caused by hereditary predispositions.

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So, we will try to dwell in more detail on the causes of rapid heartbeat that are not associated with external physiological effects. In these cases, it is associated with malfunctions in the functioning of our body and health problems. If tachycardia occurs at rest, it is a symptom of just such problems. It can be:

At colds and an increase in body temperature caused by the presence of infection, the heart rate increases. Moreover, every 10 beats per minute are added when body temperature rises even by one degree.

Who is most susceptible to this disease?

Most often, it affects those who suffer from chronic sleep deprivation syndrome, which is caused by insomnia and a poorly established daily routine. In this case, the body does not fully rest during short or restless sleep.

This group also includes people whose lives turn into sheer stress caused by problems in the family and at work. Constant conflicts, scandals, difficult relationships with loved ones - all this negatively affects the functioning of the heart.

Athletes and people with exorbitant loads physical activities, are also at risk.

This suggests that it is imperative to give the body a rest from physical activity and switch to other activities.

Abnormalities in the heartbeat can be caused by medications taken independently without a doctor’s prescription, including antidepressants, alcohol and drugs. You can also add here moderate consumption chocolate, coffee, tea. However, moderate consumption of these products is not dangerous to health.

People who are overweight are also familiar with this problem. Leads to her increased level cholesterol, as a rule, accompanies extra pounds.

Age has great value: the older we get, the more often attacks of tachycardia come.

There are two main types of this disease:

sinus;
ectopic.

The sinus node is the motor heart rate. The impulse generated by it allows the heart muscle to contract. With increasing activity of this ganglion appears .

It goes like this: the episode begins and ends gradually, the pulse exceeds 90, while the rhythm remains correct.

The causes of ectopic tachycardia lie outside the sinus node. It manifests itself in the form of attacks (paroxysms) that occur suddenly, lasting from a few seconds to several days.

So, let's combine the symptoms:

The main symptom of any type of tachycardia is a rapid heartbeat, often echoing in the neck and head.
The pulse increases and this continues for more than 5 minutes.
Dizziness, weakness, darkening of the eyes, and even loss of consciousness may occur.
Sometimes chest pain occurs. Some patients experience the urge to urinate.
Deterioration in general well-being and quality of life.

Diagnostics may include:

electrocardiogram;
daily ECG monitoring;
echocardiography;
electrophysiological study.

Sometimes a hardware examination is prescribed. Additionally, blood and urine tests are examined, and thyroid hormones are diagnosed. It is important to monitor your blood pressure.

In order to help yourself or others in such a situation before the doctor arrives, you must:

concentrate and calm down;
ventilate the room, allowing access to fresh air;
unfasten the tightening buttons and belts;
sit down or lie down in a comfortable position;
take it easy depressant;
do breathing exercises;
just drink some water and wash your face or apply a cool compress;
close your eyes and lightly press on your eyelids with your thumbs (you can hold for 8-10 seconds).

But you can’t cancel the doctor’s call. Even if you feel better, you need to find out the root cause of the disease and prevent the consequences. If this problem is not bothering you for the first time, then you yourself can help the doctor establish the correct diagnosis. To do this, you can carry out simple steps yourself before being examined by a doctor.

Collect detailed information about your health. To do this, remember exactly what you felt and write it down so you don’t forget. You can keep a special diary in which you will record the state of your health. You can put notes on temperature and pressure in it. It is advisable to record such marks in the morning, afternoon, evening and during the attack of tachycardia itself. By measuring the pulse, you can indicate what it is: rhythmic or arrhythmic, weak or full, stable or not, whether it can be easily felt. You must record on paper what preceded the crisis: perhaps a surge of emotions or stress, or a deterioration in nutrition, changeable weather conditions.

Carefully observe the behavior of your body, this will help the treating specialist make the correct diagnosis.

We must not forget that health often depends on ourselves. Walk in the fresh air more often, do therapeutic exercises, preferably under the supervision of a personal trainer. Pay attention to how you eat, think about a diet that is healthy for your health. Drink more fluids, do not forget: the thicker the blood, the harder it is for the heart to pump it through the circulatory system. Many doctors advise drinking at least one and a half liters of water per day. Use it traditional methods to improve your well-being, but do not self-medicate. Be sure to undergo an examination at the clinic and get professional advice from a doctor. Remember: you don't joke with your heart. This is the most important organ in our body.

The term “increased heartbeat” brings together a variety of complaints about discomfort in the chest, which patients themselves can also call beats, jolts, interruptions, etc. Patients may complain of palpitations both due to disturbances in the rhythm and conduction of the heart, and with other diseases. In some cases, palpitations are a symptom life-threatening arrhythmias, so such complaints require a thorough examination.

Palpitations are often caused by emotional and physical stress. An increase in heart rate is also observed with fever. If palpitations are not caused by these reasons, then arrhythmia should be suspected.

Most likely reason

Increased heartbeat may be a symptom of a cardiac or other pathology, or occur during emotional or physical activity.

The most common are sinus tachycardia, atrial and ventricular extrasystoles, atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia.
With sinus tachycardia, the heart rate (HR) is 100–160 per minute. The main causes of sinus tachycardia are fever, emotional and physical stress, and increased anxiety.

The most dangerous diseases

Life-threatening arrhythmias:

ventricular tachycardia;
sick sinus syndrome;
complete atrioventricular block.

Coronary heart disease and. Sometimes palpitations are a manifestation of myocardial infarction or unstable. It must be remembered that myocardial infarction can occur in a painless form, manifesting itself, in particular, as rhythm disturbances.
Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW syndrome).
Electrolyte disturbances:

hypokalemia (lack of potassium in the blood);

Diseases of other organs that cause increased heart rate

Arrhythmia may not be an independent disease, but a consequence of many other diseases and conditions:

fever

When body temperature rises by 1˚C, the pulse increases by 10 beats per minute.

pregnancy

Increased heart rate during pregnancy is necessary for normal blood supply to the fetus and is associated with an increase in blood volume in the woman’s body.

menopause

In women, the likelihood of heart muscle diseases of hormonal origin (non-ischemic) increases. They are manifested, in particular, by heartbeat.

use of medications, caffeine, cocaine, energy drinks, alcohol

Medicines that can cause cardiac arrhythmias include: antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, many diuretics, nitrates, cardiac glycosides, vasoconstrictors for the common cold, Salbutamol, Thyroxine.

mitral heart defects and aortic insufficiency
hypoxia and hypercapnia

These are any conditions associated with a lack of oxygen: staying in mountainous areas, increased levels of carbon dioxide in the inhaled air, etc.

pheochromocytoma

This is a rare adrenal tumor. It is characterized by orthostatic tachycardia: heart rate increases by more than 20 beats per minute when the body position changes from horizontal to vertical.

tick bites with damage to dermatomes Th1–Th5 (upper limbs, chest)
depression (including postpartum)
(rapid heartbeat - very common symptom low hemoglobin content in the blood)
thyroid disease (overdose of thyroxine in hypothyroidism)
urinary tract infections (especially in older people)
prolapse mitral valve

In middle-aged women, palpitations may occur in combination with pain in the heart area, which is not typical for angina pectoris. Very often, this combination is a sign of mitral valve prolapse. This condition is detected by ultrasound of the heart (echocardiography).

Mental disorders

Palpitations can be both a cause and a consequence of mental disorders. If organic and metabolic causes of arrhythmia cannot be identified, then anxiety disorders and depression are excluded.

Sometimes complaints of palpitations appear when one of the patient’s relatives or friends suffers from severe heart disease (cardiophobia).
It should also be remembered that in a patient with anxiety or depression, arrhythmia aggravates mental disorders.

Survey

An important role in the diagnosis of arrhythmias is played by anamnesis (history of the disease) and physical examination. The diagnosis is confirmed using instrumental and laboratory methods.

Anamnesis

They ask the patient to describe the attack of palpitations, specify its duration and accompanying sensations. They offer to knock heartbeat, as it happens during a heartbeat. If the patient finds it difficult to do this, the doctor himself taps out the rhythms characteristic of different arrhythmias, and the patient chooses from them the one that is similar to his own.
A chaotic rhythm is characteristic of atrial fibrillation. Single strong contractions after a pause against the background of the correct rhythm are a sign of extrasystole (usually ventricular). The sensation of tremors is caused not by extrasystoles, but by the heart contractions that follow them.
Basic questions your doctor may ask:

How does the heartbeat start and how long does it last?
What do you think are the causes of palpitations?
Is heartbeat associated with emotional stress, excitement, anxiety?
What sensations accompany heartbeat?
Is it accompanied by chest pain or shortness of breath?
Is the palpitations accompanied by dizziness or fainting?
What medications do you take?
How much coffee, tea, and tonic drinks do you drink?
Do you use cold remedies?
Does spicy food cause heart palpitations?
Do you smoke? If yes, how many cigarettes per day?
Are you using illegal drugs?
Have you ever suffered from rheumatism?
Are you worried about losing weight or?

Chest pain is observed with ischemic heart disease and aortic stenosis, lack of air – with neuroses, mitral stenosis, and heart failure. Dizziness and fainting are symptoms aortic stenosis and severe, life-threatening cardiac conduction disorders: sick sinus syndrome and complete atrioventricular block.

Physical examination

The most informative is a physical (i.e. external) study performed during increased heartbeat, but this is not always possible. The most important stage of the examination is a study of the heart rhythm, which can be performed by the patient himself during an attack.
A heart rate above 150 per minute is characteristic of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation or flutter and ventricular tachycardia, below 150 per minute - for sinus tachycardia. The main causes of sinus tachycardia are physical activity, fever, thyrotoxicosis, and taking certain medications.
Pay attention to the increased shine of the eyes, pronounced blush, enlargement of the neck, pulsation of the neck veins. Wet and warm palms may indicate thyrotoxicosis, pale palms may indicate anemia.
Identify signs of heart defects and atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries.

Instrumental and laboratory studies

Electrocardiography will help diagnose arrhythmia and distinguish one type from another.

Depending on the clinical picture The doctor may order the following tests:

general blood test (hemoglobin level, leukocyte formula);
determination of thyroid hormone levels;
biochemical blood test to determine potassium and magnesium levels;
serological blood tests for suspected viral infection;
chest x-ray;
ECG in 12 leads;
daily ECG monitoring;
echocardiography;
electrophysiological study.

Heartbeat in children

Palpitations in children can be caused by emotional and physical stress, fever, rhythm and conduction disturbances. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, atrioventricular block and ventricular arrhythmias require special attention.

Heart palpitations in the elderly

In the elderly, the most common causes of palpitations are cardiovascular diseases (coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, hypertonic disease) and taking medications, especially cardiac glycosides.
Extrasystole is observed in 40% of older people; it usually does not require treatment.
In the elderly, sinus tachycardia or atrial fibrillation may be a manifestation (sometimes the only one) of thyrotoxicosis. Additional diagnostic sign in this case, the shine of the eyes.

Principles of treatment

If you complain of increased, rapid, irregular heartbeat, you should consult a therapist. He will conduct an initial examination and, if necessary, refer you to a cardiologist and other specialists.
The treatment tactics are as follows.

A strong heartbeat is the body's response to stress. This “impulse”, which occurs under the influence of hormones, passes quickly, without reminding of itself. However, in some cases, tachycardia is a symptom of a serious pathology.

Causes of frequent and strong heartbeat

If your heart rate increases when:

Physical activity
Experienced strong emotions - fear, excitement, fright, delight
Excessive consumption of coffee, strong tea, energy drinks
Taking some medicines
Allergic reactions
Fever, increased body temperature

There's no need to worry. After some time, the pulse will return to normal; this condition does not threaten health or life.

However, there are diseases, one of the symptoms of which is a rapid heartbeat:

Anemia
Cardiosclerosis
Pathologies endocrine system
Hypoxia
Heart disease

To correctly diagnose and determine the cause of the ailment, you should undergo a comprehensive examination. Special attention You need to pay attention to your health if, in addition to tachycardia, you experience:

Dyspnea
Headache, dizziness
Weakness, lethargy
Increased sweating
Trembling, chills in the body indicate mental disorders or pathology
Nausea
Lack of air

Why does heart rate increase at night?

The causes of a sharp increase in heart rate during sleep are divided into extracardiac and cardiac. The first include pathologies of the adrenal glands and disorders of the endocrine system, hormonal dependent tumors, lack of sodium ions in the blood, anemia, hypoxia, bronchial asthma, vegetative-vascular dystonia, overweight, allergies, pneumothorax, side effects from taking medications, alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

In the morning after sleep, a person feels anxiety, fear, panic, and lack of air. Awakening is abrupt, as if from an internal shock.

The cause of morning tachycardia can be sudden physical activity and a large load on the body. In the presence of cardiovascular diseases, strong heartbeat can lead to myocardial infarction.

People with “heart” problems should start the morning with breathing exercises, get out of bed not immediately after waking up, but allow the body to get into the daily rhythm.

What to do if you have palpitations at home?

First of all, a person who has a strong heartbeat should take a comfortable position - sitting, reclining, always raising his head, leaning his back.

If your heart rate increases as a result of physical activity or strong emotions, you should try to calm down. Deep measured breathing and auto-training will help.

In cases where tachycardia is combined with sudden pallor skin, feeling of suffocation, heavy sweating, you need to call an ambulance.

And before her arrival:

Provide air access (open a window, take the victim outside into the shade);
Unfasten the top buttons on your clothes so as not to restrict your chest;
Medicines - Corvalol, Valocordin, tincture of valerian, motherwort will help relieve anxiety and stop an attack.

How to avoid heart palpitations

To avoid palpitations even in physiologically normal situations, you should pay attention to your health:

Follow a daily routine, sleep must be at least eight hours, and you should fall asleep at 22:00;
Give up bad habits - alcohol, cigarettes;
Lead an active lifestyle (walking, moderate physical activity);
Control body weight;
Eat a healthy and balanced diet, provide the body with vitamins and minerals in the required amount;
Avoid stressful situations

If alarming signs occur, you need to undergo an examination, including:

General blood test, which gives an idea of the number of leukocytes in the blood and the level of red pigment - hemoglobin;
Test for thyroid hormones;
Biochemical blood test (content of potassium and magnesium ions in the blood);
Chest X-ray;
Holter (ECG recording during the day);
Ultrasound of the heart and blood vessels;
Electrophysiological study of the heart

In addition to consulting a therapist or cardiologist, you may need the help of a rheumatologist, endocrinologist, or neurologist.

Rapid heartbeat and high blood pressure

Attacks of rapid heartbeat may be accompanied by increased blood pressure. In order to alleviate the condition, you need:

Take a comfortable position, relax;
Drink a glass of cool water in small sips;
Wash your face cold water, put a cool compress on your forehead;
Breathing should be slow and deep;
Patients with established hypertension should take their usual antihypertensive medication. high blood pressure, in the absence of a diagnosis, a captopril tablet (under the tongue) will help relieve the attack;
If tachycardia and pressure surge are triggered by stress, you need to calm down. Breathing exercises, aromatherapy, and pleasant, calm music will help.

Preventing heart palpitations

In cases where the increase in heart rate is associated with a specific situation, recurrence of such situations should be avoided.

If tachycardia occurs after eating, it is necessary to change your eating style - switch to fractional portions, eat slowly, chew food thoroughly, and adhere to a special diet. She limits fat intake but recommends increasing foods rich in magnesium, iron and potassium. Recommended: honey, raisins, apricots (dried apricots), grapes, cherries, pineapples, chokeberries, nuts (almonds), dates, peaches, bananas, grapefruits, figs, prunes, black currants, celery, parsley.

Tea and coffee should be replaced with rosehip decoction; juices, compotes, jelly from lingonberries, viburnum. Vegetables are preferable raw (salads) and baked. Bran bread, porridge with milk, dairy products, vegetarian soups, lean fish and meat, vegetable oils.

Limit spices, seasonings, fatty, salty, smoked foods, exclude baked goods, baked goods, and sweets.

Slow walks are helpful; while walking, breathing should be deep and even. Physical activity, stress, and anxiety should be avoided. If possible, you should pay attention to breathing practices, yoga, meditation.

Possible complications of tachycardia

A strong heartbeat may indicate impending:

Pulmonary edema;
Myocardial infarction, acute heart failure;
Thrombosis pulmonary arteries;
Convulsions;
Loss of consciousness;
Sudden death

If you feel your heart beating faster, you should definitely pay attention to the presence/absence of symptoms:

Duration of the palpitations;
Time of appearance (time of day, reason);
Appearance/absence of arrhythmia;
Shortness of breath, pallor, hypoxia;
Heart rate and blood pressure numbers

Treatment of tachycardia with traditional methods

Alternative medicine knows how to calm a raging heart.

According to the principle “all diseases come from nerves”, the first thing recommended is soothing teas and infusions, which include mint, lemon balm, chamomile, hawthorn, valerian, motherwort;
Hawthorn infusion is prepared as follows: 1 tbsp. l. dried flowers, pour 0.2 liters of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes. Strain and take ½ tbsp. three times a day on an empty stomach;
Wash 10 medium lemons and grind with zest through a meat grinder. Chop 10 heads of garlic. Mix the ingredients with 1 liter of honey and leave for 7-10 days. Take 2 tbsp in the morning, 30 minutes before breakfast. l.;
1 person l. dried Adonis herb, pour 0.2 liters of boiling water, simmer over low heat for 3-5 minutes, wrap and leave for 30 minutes. Take the infusion three times a day, 1 tbsp. l.;
Grind 100 g of lemon balm, pour in 0.2 liters of vodka. Stand for 10 days, strain. Take 4 times a day, 1 tsp. dissolve tinctures in 50 ml of water;
Mix mint herb and hop cones (1:1 ratio), 1 tsp. pour 0.2 liters of boiling water over the mixture and leave for 10 minutes. The medicine is filtered and drunk in small sips at a time;
For tachycardia, honeysuckle jam (with a minimum amount of sugar) is useful;
2 tbsp. l. crushed elderberry bark, pour 1 liter of boiling water, simmer in a water bath for 10 minutes, strain, take ½ tbsp. twice a day, before meals;
Every evening before going to bed, mix 3 chopped walnut kernels with 1 tbsp. l. honey Course of treatment – 6 weeks;
Grate medium on a fine grater green apple and an onion of the same size. Divide the mixture into 2 parts and eat in two doses - morning and evening. For taste, you can add 1 tsp. honey;
1 tbsp. l. horsetail herb, pour 0.2 liters of boiling water, leave for 3 hours. Take the strained infusion 1 tbsp. l. 5-6 times a day. The medicine is especially effective in the initial stages of the disease.

Strong heartbeat can be caused by excessive physical or mental stress, as a result of being in a stuffy room, as a reaction to allergens or medications.

However, knowing what diseases can accompany an increase in heart rate, if alarming symptoms you should consult a doctor. He will conduct an examination, prescribe medications, explain what to take, in what dosage and for how long.

From excitement, joy, fear or physical activity. Sometimes it begins to knock after a cup of coffee or strong tea, taking certain medications, overeating and other natural causes. Such a strong heartbeat is physiological and after exposure to the provoking factor, the pulse indicators return to normal.

However, often a rapid pulse may indicate the presence of some disease, and then such a symptom does not appear due to any physiological reason, and the resulting condition can be dangerous to health and life. In this case, the presence of tachycardia should always be a reason to consult a doctor. In this article we will introduce you to the main causes, manifestations, possible complications and ways to eliminate palpitations.

Palpitations can occur due to emotional stress

From the introduction of the article it becomes clear that a strong heartbeat can be physiological or pathological. The reasons for the appearance of one or the other variant are different.

The following factors can provoke the occurrence of physiological tachycardia:

physical activity: lifting weights, physical labor, playing sports or physical education;
emotional stress: joy, fear, anxiety, irritation, excitement, fright, etc.;
binge eating;
impact environment: heat, polluted air, lack of oxygen at altitude, ground-level ozone after a thunderstorm;
drinking caffeinated drinks;
allergic reactions;
fever (for example, with influenza or acute respiratory viral infection);
hormonal changes at the beginning of pregnancy, early toxicosis or menopause.

As a rule, after eliminating the provoking factor, physiological tachycardia completely disappears and the general condition does not suffer in any way. If this does not happen, then a person should think about the need to see a doctor and find out the reasons for the deterioration in health.

Pathological strong heartbeat can be caused not only by problems with the heart or blood vessels, but also by diseases or pathological conditions of other organs and systems:

exudative or adhesive;
or ;
vegetative-vascular dystonia;
anemia;
blood loss;
dehydration;
acute pain attacks (for example, colic);
regular overload of the nervous system (chronic fatigue, stress, lack of sleep, etc.);
endocrine diseases (hyperthyroidism, myxedema, increased production of adrenaline in pheochromocytoma);
obesity;
poisoning;
purulent infections;
lack of calcium and magnesium;
overdose of certain medications, alcohol, narcotic substances;
mental disorders;
tumors;
severe and long-term illnesses.

It is possible to identify the exact cause of pathological strong heartbeat only through comprehensive diagnostics. The doctor carefully examines the pulse (its strength, frequency, filling, rhythm), listens to the patient’s complaints and studies his medical history. To exclude pathologies of the heart and blood vessels, the patient is prescribed:

(regular and daily);
X-ray of the chest organs.

If pathologies of the heart or blood vessels are detected, the study can be supplemented with other diagnostic methods, and in the absence of such deviations, the patient is prescribed consultations and further examination with other specialized specialists (neurologist, endocrinologist, hematologist, etc.). In some cases, the patient is recommended to consult a psychotherapist to identify mental disorders.

Strong fetal heartbeat

When performing an ultrasound at 5 weeks of pregnancy, the doctor can detect signs of tachycardia in the fetus. The number of heartbeats is important indicator development of the unborn baby, and the appearance of such a symptom should always serve as a reason for further examination of the woman and the appointment of the necessary therapy and lifestyle correction.

Strong heartbeat in the fetus can be caused by the following reasons:

intrauterine hypoxia;
chromosomal abnormalities (trisomy 13, Patau syndrome);
intrauterine infection;
finding the expectant mother in a stuffy room;
pathologies of the respiratory organs or cardiovascular system in the mother;
hyperthyroidism and others endocrine disorders in a pregnant woman;
disturbances in water-electrolyte balance during toxicosis;
unbalanced nutrition and hypovitaminosis in a pregnant woman;
anemia in the fetus or mother.

Types of tachycardias

Depending on the source generating electrical impulses in the heart, the following types of tachycardia are distinguished:

sinus – rapid heartbeat is provoked by strengthening of the sinus node, which is the main source of electrical impulses;
– rapid heartbeat is provoked by electrical impulse generators located in the atria or ventricles (i.e., outside the sinus node).

With sinus tachycardia, the heart rate can reach 120-220 beats per minute and is not accompanied by arrhythmias. Such episodes of changes in heart rate indicators can be caused by both physiological and pathological reasons.

At paroxysmal tachycardia attacks (paroxysms) occur. Palpitations in such cases begin gradually and stop suddenly. The duration of such episodes can range from several minutes to several days, and they are always caused by pathological reasons.

Signs of palpitations

Palpitations may be accompanied by dizziness

Normal human heart rate indicators depend on age.

Normal heart rate in an adult:

15-50 years – 60-80 beats per minute;
50-60 years old – 64-84;
60-80 years old – 69-89.

During pregnancy, an increase in the number of heartbeats by 10 beats from the age norm is physiological.

In children, normal heart rate changes more often with age:

up to 1 month of life – 110-170;
from a month to 1 year – 102-162;
1-2 years – 94-154;
4-6 years – 86-126;
6-8 years – 78-118;
8-10 years – 68-108;
10-12 years – 60-100;
12-15 years old – 55-95.

Normally, physiological reasons can cause the heart rate to exceed 3-3.5 times. Increasing normal levels in the absence physiological factors and deterioration in general health is a reason to consult a doctor.

Symptoms when normal heart rate changes

With a strong heartbeat, the following symptoms occur:

chest pain or heaviness;
fatigue;
sleep disorders;
loss of appetite;
dizziness;
feeling of lack of oxygen;
dyspnea;
redness or paleness of the face;
blurred vision;
pre-fainting states.

The severity of signs of tachycardia depends on the nature of the underlying disease, duration and degree of deviation of pulse indicators from the norm.

In severe cases, palpitations can be caused by:

attack, acute heart failure, stroke;
fainting;
cold extremities;
decrease in the volume of urine excreted;
convulsions;
arterial hypotension;

What to pay attention to during attacks of palpitations

If a person experiences attacks of rapid and strong heartbeat, then he should fix his attention on the following manifestations of tachycardia:

the frequency of occurrence of such a condition;
duration of the attack;
cause of tachycardia (stress, food, physical activity, lack of visible reasons);
typical time of onset of attacks (time of day);
associated symptoms;
pulse rate and rhythm;
blood pressure readings during an attack.

What to do if your heart beats strongly

With physiological tachycardia, it is enough to provide rest or stop exposure to the provoking factor (overheating, taking caffeine-containing drinks, etc.). Usually after 2-5 minutes the heart rate returns to normal. If this does not happen, then it is necessary to urgently call a doctor at home, and if your health deteriorates significantly, call an ambulance.

Before the arrival of doctors, the patient is provided with the following emergency care:

Ensure complete rest (physical and psycho-emotional).
Remove clothing that restricts breathing.
Wash your face with cool water.
Give the patient water to drink. If you are very nervous, you can take a sedative. If the patient is already taking some medications, then give them to take.
Ensure normal temperature regime and an influx of fresh air.
In case of severe weakness, dizziness or nausea, place the patient (preferably on his side to prevent asphyxia by vomit).
Invite the patient to perform one of the following actions: take a deep breath, holding your breath for 10 seconds and straining, cough strongly, sharply look at the bridge of the nose and fix it for a few seconds, strain the muscles of the abdomen and limbs for 15-20 seconds.
Give a massage eyeballs, pressing on closed eyelids with your fingertips for 10 seconds. After 10 seconds, repeat the same action.
Conduct acupressure on the fingers, pressing the tip of the little finger on the nail thumb. After this, grind back sides wrists.
Perform a neck massage in the branching area carotid artery.

With high blood pressure, the patient can be given a tablet of anaprilin or another.

Treatment

In some cases, tea with sedative herbs helps reduce heart rate.

Treatment for palpitations should be prescribed by a cardiologist and other specialized specialists. Its main goal is aimed at treating the underlying disease that causes attacks of tachycardia. The decision about the need for hospitalization is made individually and depends on the patient’s condition.

limit or stop taking caffeine-containing drinks and products (tea, coffee, chocolate, energy drinks);
stop drinking alcohol, drugs and smoking;
exclude spicy foods from the diet;
get rid of excess weight;
protect yourself from stress;
limit physical activity and review the maximum permissible norms of physical activity;
stop taking certain medications or replace the drug with one recommended by the doctor.

To treat tachycardia, your doctor may prescribe the following medications:

sedatives - based on medicinal herbs (motherwort, valerian, etc.), sedatives, tranquilizers or antipsychotics;
antioxidants;
thyreostatic drugs (for hyperthyroidism);
calcium antagonists;

The choice of drugs for the treatment of palpitations, their dosage and duration of use depend on the underlying disease. Their selection is carried out individually for each patient and depends on all clinical data.

IN daily diet For patients with pathological tachycardia, the inclusion of the following products is recommended:

dried apricots;
rose hip;
walnuts;
citrus;
fresh herbs;
black currant;
raspberries;
tomatoes;
cucumbers;
corn;
cabbage;
beet.

As an addition to the main treatment, the doctor may recommend taking various herbal medicines:

lemon balm infusion;
infusion of lemon balm, yarrow and valerian roots;
fruit extract or infusion of hawthorn flowers;
infusion of mint, lemon balm and three-leaf watch;
infusion of marigold flowers.

With paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, patients require mandatory hospitalization and intravenous administration antiarrhythmic drugs(Cordarone, Verapamil, etc.). After this, they are prescribed anti-relapse medication.

If conservative treatment of sinus tachycardia is ineffective and there is a significant deterioration in the patient’s condition, transvenous RFA of the heart is recommended. This minimally invasive X-ray surgery is performed by inserting an endovascular catheter, which cauterizes areas of the heart with impaired conduction. Indications for such an operation are determined by a cardiac surgeon-arrhythmologist. In the absence of the expected effect, the patient may be prescribed implantation.

Palpitations can be caused exclusively by physiological reasons, and various diseases. Pathological tachycardia is always a reason to consult a doctor and treat the underlying ailment. Self-medication of such conditions is unacceptable, since the selection of the necessary medications can only be carried out by a doctor who takes into account all the data on the state of health. Sometimes, to eliminate attacks of strong heartbeat, the patient is recommended to undergo radiofrequency ablation of the heart or implantation of a pacemaker.

Video lecture on the topic “Increased heartbeat”:

People may not pay attention or, on the contrary, often feel that their heart is beating too fast. In some cases, palpitations can be in the form of a short attack, which goes away on its own within a few minutes, in others, the heart works very actively almost every day. The frequency of contractions of the heart muscle more than 100 times per minute is considered too high, but when can we say that tachycardia and rapid heartbeat are a reason for concern?

The human heart works very hard throughout almost his entire life; as a rule, the number of beats per minute is no less than 50 times and no more than 150. The norm for a healthy person is the number of beats per minute in the range of 60-80, but in some cases our “fiery the engine is capable of operating at maximum speed, but there may not be any medical deviations in this. Tachycardia is a rapid heartbeat, more than 90 beats per minute, when is this phenomenon a cause for concern, and in what situations is it normal? Tachycardia is usually divided into a natural physiological phenomenon in some cases, as well as a pathological condition. Frequent heartbeats can cause quite unpleasant sensations in a person, but this is not always an indispensable sign of some kind of illness. However, since the heart is an extremely important organ human body, all malfunctions in its operation must be monitored and thus, tachycardia or rapid heartbeat can be considered as a cause for concern.

There are many reasons why tachycardia occurs, considered as a normal physiological phenomenon, but it is very important to distinguish them from causes that are pathological. In particular, a person may experience palpitations due to:

A) Fear, fear. strong excitement or other sudden outburst emotional state. Every person has experienced this phenomenon more than once in their life and this is normal.

B) Tachycardia may be caused by taking certain medicines. in particular, certain cold medications cause heart palpitations.

IN) Everyone knows that caffeine and others stimulants can cause an increase in the number of contractions of the heart muscle; many use this effect for a short-term surge of vigor, increasing performance, relieving drowsiness, etc.

G) As a rule, the heartbeat becomes faster when fever, heat .

D) Tachycardia may occur as one of the symptoms food allergies .

E) Tachycardia occurs when anemia .

AND) The heart begins to beat faster when lack of oxygen in the blood .

H) At thyroid diseases .

Thus, tachycardia, as a pathological phenomenon, can occur at rest, so a rapid heartbeat in such a situation is a serious cause for concern. In addition to the reasons mentioned above, the heart begins to work at an increased rate in other cases, for example, with overwork, severe physical exertion, with strong drunkenness. Tachycardia often affects people who are overweight, elderly, have high blood pressure, etc. A lack of many essential microelements in the body can also cause a periodic increase in heart muscle contractions.

This phenomenon is very dangerous for the reason that tachycardia can become a symptom of arrhythmia - rhythm disturbance, heart rate, malfunction of this most important muscle. Only a specialist who will examine the patient can determine whether there is cause for concern if a person has tachycardia quite often. The most serious reason for immediate consultation with a doctor should be symptoms accompanying tachycardia, such as darkening of the eyes, dizziness, loss of consciousness, general weakness, shortness of breath, chest pain. Based on observations and examination, a specialist will be able to give an accurate answer to the question of whether a rapid heartbeat is a sign of any disease. In general, if a person feels that his heart begins to beat too actively quite often and for no particular apparent reason, this may be a reason to seek advice, at least there will be no harm from it.

A very important reason for concern can be tachycardia that occurs in a child, since in childhood it is especially harmful. Frequent cases of tachycardia in a child can provoke serious illnesses heart, however, it should be understood that in children, frequent pulse fluctuations can be completely natural and normal. Needs child's body They constantly change with growth, and the heart muscle strives to adapt to them, which is reflected in changes in heart rate. The younger the child is, the higher his pulse is, which is considered normal. A newborn up to 2 days old can have a heart rate of up to 160 beats per minute, and this will be normal. Usually by 1 year the frequency of strokes is 100-150 (sometimes more), by 5 years 60-120.

Children are always active, mobile, very emotional, and a frequent increase in heart contractions is considered natural for them, but if the permissible norms are exceeded, we can talk about tachycardia in the child. There are cases of chronic tachycardia in children, then there are constant problems with heart rate. This mainly happens due to congenital anomalies heart, deviations.

Frequent cases of tachycardia in unexpected situations can be a serious cause for concern, which can lead to disastrous consequences. For example, an attack can occur while driving a car or other transport, while swimming, or at moments when there is no one to come to the rescue. If tachycardia is accompanied by loss of consciousness, unpredictable consequences are possible; attention should be paid to this.

Contacts

T achycardia (rapid heartbeat)

Tachycardia– an increase in heart rate, perceived by the patient as a palpitation, is often the first sign of developing heart failure. Tachycardia is any heartbeat exceeding 100 beats per minute.

If a patient experiences palpitations, it is necessary to consult a doctor so that he can clarify the cause of the tachycardia and prescribe the appropriate regimen and treatment. Together with your doctor, rule out ventricular tachycardia and all forms of heart damage, thyroid pathology, pulmonary dysfunction, and so on. Only a doctor can distinguish paroxysmal atrial extrasystole from more serious forms of cardiac arrhythmia. An example of a more serious type of arrhythmia is ventricular tachycardia. This is when one ventricle begins to beat rapidly in a slightly irregular rhythm. (The ventricle is the chamber of the heart that pumps blood back to the arteries.) The amount of blood returned by the heart to the arteries may be significantly reduced, causing you to feel weak, sweating, and even faint.

Sometimes palpitations occur in practically healthy people with unstable nervous regulation. In such cases, valerian root preparations in the form of infusion or tincture, and rational exercise are effective. It should be remembered that drugs containing belladonna (atropine) can increase tachycardia.

Tips for treating tachycardia .

1) Slow down. Think of an increased heart rate as a red light warning you to “Slow down! Relax! In fact, rest is the most best mechanism to stop the attack.

2) Try the vagal maneuver. The heart rate and force of contraction of the heart are regulated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) nerves. When your heart beats fast, the sympathetic system is dominant (this is the system that causes your body to increase speed). All you have to do is turn on the control: a more seasoned, softer parasympathetic network. If you stimulate the vagal nerve, you will give rise to chemical process, which affects the heart in the same way that slamming on the brakes affects your car. One way to turn on this network is to take a deep breath and push it down, as if you were pushing.

3) Get to the right carotid artery. Gentle massage of the right carotid artery is another vagal maneuver. Your doctor should show you the correct amount of pressure and the correct point. You need to massage the artery where it connects to the neck and as low as possible under the jaw.

4) Rely on the dive reflex. When marine mammals dive into the coldest waters, their heart rates automatically slow down. It's theirs natural way save your brain and heart. You can trigger your own dive reflex by filling your pelvis ice water and immersing your face in it for a second or two. Sometimes this interrupts the tachycardia.

5) Quit your coffee habits. This includes cola, tea, chocolate, diet pills or stimulants in any form. Abuse of stimulants may put you at risk of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.

6) Nurture your hypothalamus. The way your heart works depends on what's going on in your head, especially the midbrain. This is why it is necessary to support the hypothalamus when it needs it—through appropriate diet, exercise, and a positive attitude—to maintain stability and control of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system has two subsystems: the sympathetic, which basically speeds up everything in the body except digestion, and the parasympathetic.

Stress, poor nutrition and pollutants can cause your hypothalamus to lose control of the autonomic nervous system and allow it to slip into high mode, or sympathetic overload. You can help your hypothalamus maintain control.

Eat healthy foods regularly and avoid overindulging in sweets. If you skip a meal and then fill your stomach with chocolate or soda, your pancreas will work harder to take care of the increased sugar intake. Then, due to excess insulin, your blood sugar will become too low. In this case, your adrenal glands will release adrenaline to mobilize glycogen stores in the liver. Adrenaline stimulates a sharp increase in heart rate and a feeling of panic.

Adapt your diet to your metabolism. People with a fast metabolism should eat more protein foods. Protein foods take longer to digest and this helps prevent your blood sugar levels from falling too low. When blood sugar drops, it triggers the process described above.

Relax. There is a relationship between atrial paroxysmal tachycardia and such characteristics of individuals as a tendency to pedantry, a desire to move up, and a focus on external success. These are mostly the same people who suffer from migraines. For people of this type, the cardiac conduction mechanisms become abnormally dilated. This is due to chronic overstimulation by adrenaline. When people are under severe stress, the autonomic conduction of the heart fails and the rhythm is lost. To compensate, learn a progressive relaxation program, practice biological feedback or learn to imagine in your mind serenity, relaxation, calm and peace.

7) Take the micronutrient magnesium. Magnesium is a cell protector. In heart muscle cells, magnesium helps regulate the effects of calcium. When calcium enters a cell, it stimulates muscle contractions within the cell itself. Magnesium is most important for enzymes in the cell that push calcium out. This creates rhythmic contraction and relaxation, which makes the heart more resistant to stimulation. Magnesium is found in foods such as soya beans, nuts, beans and bran.

8) Maintain potassium levels. Potassium is another micronutrient that helps slow down the heart and the excitability of muscle fibers. This microelement is found in vegetables and fruits, so it is not difficult to get enough of it. But you can deplete it if your diet is high in sodium or if you take diuretics (diuretics) or overuse laxatives.

9) Do exercises. You can achieve a lot if you exercise. When you do exercises that increase your heart rate, the heart rate then tends to return to a higher rate. low level. For people who do not exercise physical exercise, their heart rate is usually around 80. When they start jogging a little, their heart rate increases to 160-170. Then, after some training, your resting heart rate can reach 60-65. Exercise also increases your resistance to the release of excess adrenaline. And this will reduce your irritability.

Get well!

Rapid heartbeat - what to expect.

31.03.2012 |

The heart is a hollow muscular organ that performs main role in human activity. Its work is constant and is associated with rhythmic contractions of the muscles of the atria and ventricles (atrial systole and ventricular systole), followed by only a short period of relaxation (diastole). It is involved in blood circulation, delivering blood from the veins of the greater and lesser circles to the arteries, which carry it to all organs and tissues (providing them with nutrition).

Veins, in turn, drain blood from tissues and bring it to the heart, which contributes to adequate saturation of our body with oxygen. Energy reserves are maintained throughout the day. And the slightest disruption in activity, such as increased heart rate, may indicate a disturbance in the heart regulation system, and therefore in the entire body, in connection with which it is worth thinking about why the heart reacted in this way and what are the reasons for such a reaction.

Causes of heart palpitations

The normal human heart rate is 60-80 beats per minute. Rapid heartbeat, tachycardia, is characterized by an increase in heart rate above 90 per minute. It can occur under the influence of various external influences, which does not always indicate a disease. This happens during an emotional outburst or under the influence of physical stress - this increase is short-term and passes without consequences, because it is a compensatory reaction of the heart, a physiological norm. Palpitations may occur against the background of other diseases of the cardiovascular system:

Heart defects;
Cardiac ischemia;
Arterial hypertension;
Myocarditis;
Cardiomyopathy;
Myocardial dystrophy;
Anomalies of heart development.

Increased heart rate due to hormonal and endocrine disorders:

Menopause;
Myxedema;
Thyrotoxicosis;
Pheochromocytoma.

Disturbances in the rhythm of cardiac activity are possible due to toxic lesions or overdose of various drugs (cardiac glycosides, caffeine containing, sympathomimetics, antiarrhythmic drugs, etc.)

Vegetative-vascular dystonia- disease of the nervous system autonomic system, which may cause increased heart rate. Neuropathologists call neurocirculatory dystonia, which manifests itself in a cardiac type. Occurs more often in females. Heart attacks are disturbing before bedtime and even during sleep, sometimes in the morning; in addition, some kind of fear, anxiety, dizziness, difficulty breathing, sleep disorder, poor appetite, irregular bowel movements, feeling of a lump in the stomach and these are not all the symptoms. You shouldn’t be scared, perhaps these are manifestations of your active life and you should just relax, restore your sleep and rest patterns, light gymnastics, physical education and fresh walks before bed and everything will get better!

But. You should definitely do an electrocardiogram and consult a specialist to exclude somatic pathologies.

Sinus tachycardia - increased heart rate over 90 beats, occurs against the background of a violation of impulse formation, can be caused by emotions, fever, anemia, heart failure, and the effects of medications. The number of heartbeats can reach 120-140 per minute, and during physical activity in athletes it can reach 190-200 beats per minute. If the tachycardia is persistent and continues at rest (central hemodynamics and blood supply to the myocardium are disrupted), this leads to myocardial ischemia ( coronary disease heart - IHD) Important. Do not overstrain the heart muscle with numerous sports exercises in gyms; you can give dosed and moderate loads with rest intervals.

Arterial hypertension - a disease associated with a rise in blood pressure above the physiological norm (140/90 mm Hg), and an increase in heart rate is also possible. In this case, we measure the pressure with a tonometer, treat hypertension, take antihypertensive drugs - selected individually by the doctor, take the drug daily and the heartbeat is restored!

Sinus arrhythmia - characterized by irregular alternation of sinus impulses. Most often, sinus arrhythmia is associated with the act of breathing. The heart rate increases when you inhale and decreases when you exhale. Arrhythmia is observed in acute myocarditis, myocardial infarction, as a result of damage to the sinus node, with long-term treatment cardiac glycosides. Palpitations are eliminated with the help of antiarrhythmic drugs.

Extrasystole - a disorder of the heart, in which the rhythm of the heartbeat is disrupted and the entire heart or its individual parts contract prematurely. Extrasystole is divided into organic and functional. Organic ones arise against the background of diseases such as myocarditis, myocardial dystrophy, cardiosclerosis. Functional - these are neurogenic manifestations that occur in practically healthy people, but with an unstable nervous system. The cause of this disease is inadequate physical activity.

After drinking alcohol- heartbeat occurs as a result of a compensatory-adaptive reaction to an external stimulus, that is, alcohol, increases cardiac output and blood pressure, blood flow through the vessels accelerates, peripheral circulation increases, and a blush appears on the cheeks. Cardiac activity will recover after alcohol withdrawal.

But. If there is palpitations, a feeling of lack of air, redness appears on the face, neck, arms, back and chest- it’s better not to drink anymore, because an allergic reaction occurs, which is fraught with consequences and requires emergency medical care. Be sure to contact a specialist and get checked! Alcohol is harmful to the entire body as a whole, primarily to the heart; with large doses of alcohol, sudden death is also possible, so you should not get carried away.

At pregnancy- increased heart rate often occurs along with shortness of breath, in the first trimester of pregnancy, as the body begins to adapt to bearing the fetus, providing adequate nutrition for the intrauterine development of the unborn baby. There is a restructuring of hormonal levels, as well as all systems in general, and therefore, initially, every pregnant woman must be examined. She should be especially attentive to her health during the first weeks of pregnancy. Observe hygiene procedures, as well as all appointments supervised by a doctor, do not forget about balanced diet, daily routine and vitamin intake. Multivitamins are suitable for pregnant women, including Magne B6, which will have a positive effect on cardiac activity, reducing tachycardia. Drops of motherwort or motherwort in tablets that you can drink before bed will help a lot. Less worries, the body will rebuild itself and everything will return to normal in the future!

Heart rate in healthy children depends on age. The youngest children of the first year of life have a pulse rate of 130-125 beats per minute, at the age of 5-7 years - 100-90, older 8-10 years - 85-80, at 11-15 years - 85-70 beats per minute. Nowadays, parents do not always pay due attention to some signs that indicate the child has diseases associated with the cardiovascular system and not only or do not attach any importance to them, it is very important to observe the child’s daily behavior, which will help to suspect something. something is wrong and consult a doctor.

What a child may complain about:

Heartbeat;
Pain in the heart area;
Rapid breathing (shortness of breath);

Heart palpitations may occur in healthy child, more often during emotional stress (fear, fear, joy, etc.) during physical activity, in hot weather, but when any factor causing tachycardia is canceled, everything returns to normal. More persistent tachycardia is observed in some diseases of the cardiovascular system - myocarditis, heart failure, rhythm disturbances, and can also occur with an increase in body temperature - overheating or fever. If palpitations are accompanied by pain in the heart area (cardialgia), circulatory disorders and pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium) may occur.

But such symptoms are more often observed in children with an unstable nervous system without any heart disease - this is observed more in adolescents against the background of the formation and restructuring of the body. It is best during this period to provide the child with the opportunity to engage in light physical exercise, swimming, walking, pay more attention, listening to his ideas and under no circumstances shout! Rapid breathing and heart rate indicate heart failure, which may occur during physical activity or be permanent. If symptoms appear in paroxysms with the appearance of blue skin (cyanosis), this will indicate a congenital heart defect (tetralogy of Fallot, etc.) It is difficult to determine the manifestations of cardiac and vascular diseases in the youngest, in children in the first months of life, but the manifestation of attacks should alert causeless anxiety, pallor, lethargy, screaming, which may indicate the presence serious illness hearts.

We need to remember about such a disease as paroxysmal tachycardia. attacks of rapid heartbeat occur suddenly and reach numbers up to 180 beats per minute. Children will complain of discomfort in the heart area, tightness in the chest, pain in the epigastric region, sometimes attacks are accompanied by dizziness, fainting, and vomiting. The child is pale, there is shortness of breath, pulsation of the jugular veins. The heart sounds are pure, clear, the boundaries do not change. Against the background of tachycardia, a pendulum-like heart rhythm may be observed (the intervals between sounds become the same). The pulse is low, blood pressure is reduced. The duration of the attack can range from several seconds to several days. An electrocardiological study will help establish the diagnosis. Sometimes such children are diagnosed with a syndrome that indicates an abnormal development of the heart.

To relieve an attack of paroxysmal tachycardia, mechanical effects on the autonomic nervous system and vagal tests are used:

Aschner-Danini test (massage or pressure on the eyeballs);
they also use the Valsalva maneuver (the child strains at the height of a deep sigh with the glottis closed and the nose pinched);
Chermak-Goering test (massage of the sinocarotid zone);
inducing vomiting.

Beta-blockers are used medicinally with the best effect; novocainomide or obzidan are also good for relieving attacks. If attacks recur - in a relapsing form, they are used for prevention sedatives, the dose of which is selected individually with a doctor, taking into account age standards and body weight.

To determine the underlying disease, as well as the manifestation of its symptoms, it is very important to be examined. In addition mandatory tests blood, urine, the main studies that help exclude cardiac pathology are instrumental methods- electrocardiogram, X-ray examination heart, as well as echocardiography - an ultrasound research method (ultrasound of the heart).

Using echocardiography, you can determine all cardiac activity, structure, structure, volume, size of the ventricles and atria, examine the heart valves, give functional assessment; assess the interatrial and interventricular septum; detect pathological formations in the heart - tumors, blood clots.

Electrocardiogram - has a very great importance in the diagnosis of rhythm and conduction disorders. Holter monitoring of electrocardiograms during the day will show changes throughout the day and night and will help make the correct diagnosis.

Transesophageal electrogram of the heart - performed for differential diagnosis supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.

Among laboratory methods, the determination of cardiac markers (CK, troponin) plays an important role, which helps to exclude myocardial infarction.

Various tests are used with dosed loads on the heart muscle, but this is all individual and according to indications (they will help determine whether there is organic damage to the myocardium).

To exclude organic diseases of the central nervous system, if necessary, prescribe additional methods studies (Dopplerography of the vessels of the head and neck, computed tomogram).

Prevention of heart disorders

It is best to take care of yourself until symptoms appear rather than treat yourself already. chronic diseases hearts.

How to achieve this.

Just stick healthy image life, which means:

Change your daily routine, be in the fresh air more often, and fight physical inactivity.
Give up bad habits - smoking, drugs, alcohol.
Figure correction - reduction of body weight (in the presence of obesity).
Exercising and pumping up muscle mass- do not overdo it with proteins and steroids.
Increasing physical activity through therapeutic exercise.
Limit your intake of table salt to 5-10 mg per day, less spicy, peppery, fried foods and sweets.
Elimination of stressful situations and conflicts.
Healthy sleep - for children at least 10 hours of sleep at night + 1-2 hours during the day, for adults at least 8 hours.
It is not advisable for children to watch TV or play computer games for a long time - this is especially true for children with signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia!
It is very important to eat properly, in a balanced manner and on time. It is best to include seafood in your diet to improve the functioning of the heart muscle. These are shrimp, mussels, squid, seaweed, crabs. Suitable sea fish (herring, trout, salmon, hake, salmon). These products contain polyunsaturated fatty acids, necessary components of cardiac regulation, and will significantly reduce the risk of developing a heart attack, acute coronary syndrome, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, angina pectoris, the heart rhythm will be restored.

Treatment of tachycardia Rapid heartbeat is a symptom of many diseases of the cardiovascular system. First of all, you need to start treatment aimed at the underlying disease. To stop an attack of palpitations, sedatives are used, such as tinctures of valerian, motherwort, valocordin, Corvalol, and Presen. If your heartbeat bothers you in the late afternoon, you can take 20-30 drops of barboval with a small amount of water.

Treatment of paroxysmal tachycardia: During an attack, a child can be given valerian tincture to drink at the rate of 2 drops per year of life. In older children, you can try to stop the attack by giving hard pieces of bread to swallow. Then drink in small sips cold water, induce vomiting, use vagal tests. If these remedies are ineffective and the condition worsens, urgent hospitalization is necessary. The child must be monitored and registered, systematically checked by a cardiologist.

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia:

Preference is given to non-drug treatment methods:

physical therapy;
reflexology;
dosed physical activity;
psychotherapy;
massage;
physiotherapy;
balneotherapy;
spa treatment;
relaxation methods.

Breathing exercises help very well. During the period of exacerbation, at the same time when the heartbeat quickens, they prescribe sedatives, you can use benzodiazepines (diazepam, gidazepam) for a short time, 1 tablet in the evening, if depressive symptoms are observed, take antidepressants (aminotriptyline) 2 tablets a day - you can take 1 tablet in the morning, 1 in the evening; in more stable cases - antipsychotics (eglonil, sonapax), very severe anxiety - alprazolam, clonazepam or phenazepam in combination with beta-blockers (propranolol).

If heart pain, tachycardia and headaches occur, sometimes in combination with migraine, calcium antagonists (verapamil) are used. A good drug of choice for strengthening the heart muscle and reducing the heart rate is kratal, prescribed 1 tablet 2-3 times a day.

It is very important to start drug therapy, follow it to the end, don’t quit if you don’t feel it right away full recovery- this does not happen, you need to undergo a full course of treatment, since many drugs do not have their effect immediately, neglecting treatment will only worsen your condition.

For tachycardia caused by thyrotoxicosis. Beta blockers will help.

For palpitations associated with heart failure You can use cardiac glycosides or beta-blockers in small doses.

Sinus arrhythmia, tachycardia also does not require special treatment if this is a physiological reaction, but with further manifestations, antiarrhythmic drugs are prescribed (procainamide, disopyramide, ajmaline).

Extrasystole organic nature is treated with antiarrhythmic drugs, but in small doses; for supraventricular extrasystole, proparonol (anaprilin) is used in a dose of 10-40 mg 3-4 times a day, verapamil 40-80 mg 3-4 times a day.

Arterial hypertension with attacks of rapid heartbeat are treated combination drugs, for example, Enzix-Duo, which contains an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic (enalapril 10 mg and indapamide 2.5 mg). The drug is taken in the morning and evening at the same time; depending on the blood pressure, the dose of enalapril can be increased to 40 mg per day; it is also good to use a beta-blocker (bisoprolol, atenolol) throughout the day. In cases with severe attacks of tachycardia and the addition of other symptoms, immediate hospitalization to a cardiology center.

Contraindications and side effects from heart medications:

Pregnant women should take medications with caution and under the supervision of a doctor.
Not allowed during breastfeeding.
Not with pronounced manifestations of an allergic nature - individual sensitivity.
Not suitable for those with acute renal and liver failure.
Dyspeptic disorders, drowsiness, allergic manifestations, bronchospasm, tinnitus.

Side effects will be minimal and insignificant if you do not self-medicate, but seek help from a specialist who will select a specific treatment regimen in individual doses, calculated only for your condition.

Folk remedies

1. Tincture against increased heart rate: boil water (300 ml), add 3-4 tablespoons of Adonis herb, simmer over low heat for 5 minutes, then leave to brew in a cool place for 20 minutes. After that, strain the herbs and you can take it. It is recommended to drink one tablespoon daily.

2. Calming teas and cardiovascular teas containing:

Mint;
Melissa;
Linden;
St. John's wort;
Valerian;
Hawthorn;
Mountain arnica;
Horsetail;
Thyme;
Hop cones.

They help if you take them 2 times a day, you can add infused herbal tea to your regular daily tea.

3. Dry motherwort powder 1g, take 3 times a day.

4. Alcohol tincture with magnolia grandiflora: leave 100g of crushed magnolia leaves per 500 ml of alcohol for a week in a warm place (not in the refrigerator). Strain and take 10 drops 3 times a day with water, preferably before meals.

5. Mix 1 liter of honey with squeezed lemon juice (up to 10 pieces), add grated garlic (5-7 heads), let it brew for a week - take 3 teaspoons per day. This recipe not only normalizes heart rate, but also cleanses blood vessels.

6. Herbal decoction:

1 tablespoon of chamomile;
1 tablespoon fennel fruit;
1 tablespoon peppermint;
1 tablespoon valerian root;
1 tablespoon of cumin fruits per half liter of water.

Take one glass once in the evening, duration - one week.

7. Before going to bed, a glass of warm milk with honey helps a lot, you can add 1 tablespoon of cognac.