Constant vomiting. Causes and treatment of vomiting in an adult without fever What does it mean in energies when a person vomits

The process of vomiting has overtaken every person at least once in his life. As a result of exposure to certain external or internal factors, a person develops a painful condition associated with nausea or without nausea, as a result of which the contents of the digestive tract do not exit naturally, but through the esophagus, oral cavity and nasal passages, that is, the normal passage of food and liquid through the body reverses. The etiology of the process is very diverse, since vomiting can be provoked by infections, nervous disorders, diseases of the digestive tract, and banal rolling in transport.

General characteristics of the concept: why does a person vomit?

In addition to the absolutely characteristic external manifestation, namely the release of the contents of the digestive tract from the mouth and nose, the process of vomiting also has complex internal mechanisms and is a reflex act associated with the activity of the vomiting center in the brain. Excitation of the activity of the center can be provoked by internal changes in the body, or by the influence of the external environment.

The presence of a gag reflex in a person is due to protective system the body, which works to urgently remove poisonous and toxic substances present in it. However, vomiting is not always caused only by intoxication or poisoning. Excitation of the reflex is caused by dozens of different factors.

Vomiting of nervous origin can be the result of diseases and organic lesions of the membranes or tissues of the brain, disorders and disorders of cerebral circulatory processes. It can also be observed if a person’s vestibular organs (cerebellum, ear labyrinth) are irritated or susceptible to pathology. The psychogenic type of condition is caused by psychosomatic diseases and emotional disorders.

Vomiting may be due to irritant effect on mucous membranes and tissues internal organs– liver, stomach, intestines, gall bladder, or with inflammation of the peritoneum and internal genital organs, kidneys. Irritation of the base of the tongue, mucous membranes of the pharynx and pharynx is the most well-known mechanical method of inducing vomiting, which is used by some people suffering from eating disorders.

Also, the vomiting center can be affected by toxins produced by bacteria, poisons, and own toxic substances formed as a result of metabolic processes and not fully eliminated in case of kidney, liver, and endocrine problems.

There is no specific treatment for vomiting. Separately, vomiting is not considered as an independent disease - it is always considered a symptom of other health problems.

In most cases, the onset of the vomiting process is preceded by a state of nausea, increased salivation, deep and possibly dizzy. First, the diaphragm descends, then the glottis closes and the pyloric section of the stomach sharply contracts. After this, the body of the organ and the esophageal sphincter (the valve that marks the junction of the esophagus with the stomach) relax, and the phenomenon of antiperistalsis occurs. A sudden contraction of the diaphragm and the muscular structure of the abdominal press creates an increase in intra-abdominal and intragastric pressure, due to which the contents of the stomach are thrown into the esophagus and higher, through the mouth and nasal passages.

At this time, a person experiences pallor of the skin, a sharp onset of increased heart rate, palpitations, and a decrease in blood pressure.

To diagnose and identify the etiology of vomiting, the doctor needs to pay attention to the time when the condition began, whether it was preceded by nausea, or the vomiting occurred without nausea, as well as what volumes of vomit came out, what color and consistency they had.

Classification of vomiting conditions, types of vomit

Doctors today know a large number of types of vomiting conditions. So, depending on where the impact that caused the release of vomit is localized, vomiting occurs:

• gastric, if there is irritation of the mucous membranes of the stomach, for example, from medications or chemicals, spoiled food;
• central origin: occurs suddenly, without nausea, and can last a long time without bringing relief.

Vomiting provoked by factors of central origin is divided into:

• conditioned reflex;
• brain;
• toxic;
• medicinal.

The first type occurs due to mechanical irritation of the soft palate, root of the tongue, peritoneum, as well as some diseases of the internal organs (appendicitis, cholecystitis, renal colic). Cerebral vomiting is the result of a pathological increase in intracranial pressure. With toxic vomiting, poisoning occurs with toxic substances and toxins. Drug-induced vomiting occurs due to the action of drugs such as apomorphine on the corresponding reflex center in the medulla oblongata.

They also distinguish between vomiting in the morning (morning), evening, and during sleep. Vomiting can be one-time or repeated.

The structure and characteristics of vomit are of known diagnostic value, since any foreign impurities in them indicate the causes of vomiting. Of course, it is impossible to make a diagnosis based on these data alone, but the attending physician must record information about the structure and nature of the vomit in the medical history and subsequently study it.

Vomiting bile

It has a characteristic yellow or green color in appearance. In children it can form after eating, especially due to overeating, if the child lies on his stomach in this state. Vomiting of bile is present in case of poisoning, against the background of appendicitis.

Vomiting of bile in the morning, which intensifies as food enters the digestive tract, is characteristic of pyloric stenosis, an exacerbation of chronic gastritis, biliary colic, cholelithiasis and other pathologies. bile ducts. This type of vomiting is periodic, occurring once every 2-3 hours, and does not bring relief. A similar type of vomiting accompanies intestinal obstructions and some other gastrointestinal diseases.

In addition, bile begins to come out with vomit if the vomiting is very intense and continues for more than a day. For example, if a person has developed severe poisoning after drinking alcohol, first he vomits what he eats and drinks, then what he drinks, and then just bile, a liquid yellow or greenish mass. Bile contents are sometimes accompanied by morning vomiting during toxicosis.

Blood in vomit

Hematemesis is a very dangerous syndrome that signals intestinal or gastric bleeding and accompanying blood loss. Doctors determine the etiology of bleeding - it can be a peptic ulcer of the intestines or stomach, damage to the walls of organs of any nature, cirrhosis of the liver. The color of the masses coming out along with the blood takes on the shade of coffee grounds.

If the problem lies in the digestive tract, the patient is accompanied by solid or loose stool tarry appearance. The brown tint of the escaping masses is also seen in infectious toxicoses.

The red color of bloody vomit indicates damage, possibly rupture, to the walls and tissues of the stomach, intestines, esophagus, and pharynx. Sometimes the presence of blood and red color in the masses is caused by associated bleeding in the nasal passages or in the oral cavity.

Foam and blood in the vomit indicates pulmonary hemorrhage.

Vomit like curdled milk

It is observed in newborn children, and indicates that the product cannot overcome the stomach cavity and pass further. This pathology may be a sign of pyloric spasm or pyloric stenosis. The escaping masses acquire a sour odor.

Mucus in vomit

Often present in the morning, before breakfast, and accompanies people with chronic forms of alcoholism, heavy smokers and patients with chronic bronchitis. It is especially common for smokers to release mucus in their vomit after bouts of morning sickness.

During breastfeeding, infants may produce mucus when vomiting - this is considered a normal variant that occurs due to coughing up mucus from the bronchi. Children are especially likely to vomit mucus after taking certain foods (,).

In adults, mucus in masses indicates acute or chronic forms of gastritis, damage to the gastric mucosa, and may be present with rotavirus.

Why does fecal vomit occur?

The so-called vomiting of feces is a symptom of a fistula between the stomach and the transverse colon. Due to intestinal obstruction, vomit is very similar in appearance and smell to feces.

Vomiting in people of different ages

The condition of vomiting can be observed in adults and children, in women, in men of different ages, and can be one-time or systematic.

Vomiting in an adult, if it is one-time, is sometimes caused by motion sickness in transport, or a reaction to poisoning with food, drinks, excess alcohol, infectious diseases, for example, enteroviruses. Such vomiting rarely lasts more than 2 days; it has quite understandable and visible reasons: infection, poisoning, mechanical effect on the body. Basic measures, including taking detoxification medications and medications against the pathogen, rest, and within a day or two the vomiting stops. If this does not happen, you should seek medical help.

Vomiting in women

The condition can be observed not only in diseases - it is often associated with pregnancy in women of reproductive age, and sometimes with mental pathologies and conditions. Some women experience bouts of nausea and vomiting during menstruation.

The presence of vomiting in a woman of reproductive age for no reason may indicate the presence of pregnancy, so you need to assess the likelihood of its occurrence. Vomiting is one of the main signs of toxicosis that accompanies the first months of pregnancy. The state of toxicosis is associated with hormonal changes in the body during pregnancy, so a certain degree of malaise will naturally be present.

Further, as the uterus with the fetus inside increases, the gastrointestinal tract organs are gradually subjected to compression, food cannot move completely freely through the digestive tract, so after eating a woman may experience nausea followed by vomiting.

In addition, such conditions are more common among women than among men. mental illness as well as - they are characterized by an eating disorder, when a sick person, in order to lose weight, induces vomiting specifically to get rid of what he has eaten.

Considering the characteristics of the female psyche, it is the weak half of humanity that is more susceptible to stress and nervous disorders. Against the backdrop of strong emotional experiences there is aversion and failure to digest food, when even after one sip of water a person vomits.

Vomiting in men

A similar condition is less often observed in the male half of the population, unless there is alcohol abuse. The problem with male vomiting is that usually men put off visiting a doctor until the last minute, and the more time passes, the more the disease or condition of illness can progress.

Vomiting common in children

The presence of vomiting in a child, if it occurs without fever, is the norm for some age periods, and does not always indicate the presence of diseases. For example, regurgitation in infants and vomiting in infants during teething and during the introduction of complementary foods are considered normal. The presence of psychogenic vomiting is acceptable - of course, the child’s condition in this case cannot be called normal, but it does not require immediate medical intervention.

However, life-threatening conditions cannot be ruled out. For example, in children under one year of age, vomiting may develop due to the presence of pyloric stenosis - obstruction or narrowing of the junction between the stomach and intestines, or with intussusception, when a section of the intestine is embedded in an adjacent loop of intestine, and the entire contents of the intestinal cavity cannot move freely along along it to the rectum to exit out.

For children over the age of one year and up to 12-14 years old, it is possible to have acetonemic syndrome: a set of symptoms when the child’s blood levels of ketone bodies - acetone, acetoacetic and beta-hydroxybutyric acids - increase. Due to their high concentration in the blood plasma, the affected person suffers from vomiting. The so-called “acetone” in children develops due to stress, endogenous disorders, and poisoning. At the same time, girls suffer from acetone vomiting more often than boys. The condition becomes recurrent and indomitable; after each attack, only short-term relief occurs. To stop the crisis, it is necessary to carry out a course intravenous injections antiemetic in nature, as well as administer drugs to restore water and electrolyte balance. Secondary acetonemic syndrome can develop against the background of ketosis and ketacidosis with, after removal of the tonsils, and with some infectious diseases.

In children under 3 years of age, there is a possibility of a foreign body entering the esophagus, as evidenced by repeated vomiting with white foam, without diarrhea and fever.

In school-age children and adolescents, vomiting can be psychogenic in nature due to stress and anxiety.

Symptoms of vomiting and typical manifestations

How to determine when vomiting is approaching? Even if it is not preceded by nausea, there are some typical signs, usually developing 2-3 minutes before the start of the process, are increased breathing, increased salivation, the appearance of lacrimation, involuntary swallowing movements and spastic contractions of the muscles in the abdomen. Such manifestations result in expansion of the esophagus and the release of vomit. However, quite often nausea and vomiting occur together.

Nausea and vomiting

Nausea is the first and most a clear sign preparation of the body to expel vomit, and it precedes the state of vomiting in a significant number of cases.

The sensation appears due to irritation of the splanchnic and vagus nerves. From them a nerve impulse is transmitted to the vomiting center in the brain, from where it receives a signal to start the process of vomiting. It should be noted that nausea is not always a systemic symptom along with vomiting - there are conditions when it is an independent manifestation of a disorder not associated with vomiting, for example, some brain diseases.

Nausea and vomiting occur simultaneously:

1. For intestinal infections: in such cases they are also accompanied by increased body temperature and pain in the abdominal area. Such conditions are typical for rotavirus infection, salmonellosis, and dysentery.
2. In case of food poisoning: nausea and vomiting develop several hours after eating.
3. If the mucous tissues of the stomach lining are damaged due to peptic ulcers or other pathologies: gastric juice, irritating and damaging the mucous membrane at the wound site, provokes the appearance of sharp abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting.
4. Due to taking certain medications such as Aspirin, smoking or drinking too much alcohol.
5. In case of gastroesophageal reflux disease: in this case, food, which has already begun to undergo digestion processes in the stomach, enters the esophagus along with gastric juice, and begins to irritate and destroy the mucous wall of the esophagus, causing nausea and vomiting.
6. Due to irritation of certain areas of the brain, effects on the vestibular apparatus, the central nervous system, for example, with labyrinthitis, or if a person gets motion sickness in transport.
7. As a result of increased intracranial pressure due to infectious processes, malignant tumors or trauma.
8. In case of sunstroke or heatstroke: against the background of nausea and subsequent vomiting, the affected person has in space, clouding or loss of consciousness, weakness.
9. During attacks: often the patient, in addition to a severe headache, feels nausea, he begins to vomit, and loud and sharp sounds and bright light intensify the painful condition.
10. For some other diseases: hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, cancer, mental disorders.

The cause of the “nausea-vomiting” tandem may be taking certain medications, as well as medical procedures associated with chemotherapy and radiation (radiation treatment).

In pregnant women, this set of symptoms is a variation of the norm in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Vomiting without diarrhea

The condition manifests itself as a side effect of taking medications, or as a reaction of the body to overeating. In some cases, the problem is indigestion. In fact, these conditions are not dangerous for a person if vomiting occurs once, and relapses and any accompanying and alarming symptoms are not observed. For example, when overeating, eating too quickly and rapidly, consuming foods that promote gas formation, as well as when conducting sports training or getting physical activity a short period of time after eating, even healthy person Vomit may be released - this is how the body urgently gets rid of excess food that it is not able to digest and assimilate.

Less commonly, vomiting without diarrhea is a concomitant sign of problems with metabolism and endocrine pathologies, for example, diabetes, or appears after taking foods to which a particular person is intolerant - this could be cereals.

In addition, so-called cerebral vomiting occurs without diarrhea, which indicates congenital pathologies and abnormalities in the functioning of the nervous system, brain injury, and infection. Psychogenic vomiting, that is, occurring due to stress factors or eating disorders, is usually not accompanied by diarrhea.

Other possible reasons:

• various inflammatory processes in the digestive organs, including colitis, gastritis, pancreatitis,;
• intestinal obstruction, most common in children under 1 year of age;
• increased tone of the pylorus - the valve separating the stomach and intestines;
• pyloric stenosis: narrowing of the passage between the stomach and duodenum.

Vomiting accompanied by diarrhea

In both children and adults, a similar combination of symptoms can occur with:

• food poisoning, drug intoxication with antibiotics, cytostatics, laxatives, alcohol poisoning, spoiled food;
• irritation of the mucous tissues of the stomach walls during peptic ulcers and gastritis;
• inflammatory processes in the digestive organs: pancreatitis, cholecystitis, hepatitis;
• most intestinal infections;
• stress and neurosis.

It should be remembered that when vomiting, a person rapidly loses fluid from the body, he develops dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. If the symptoms last more than 2 days, and the stool has an unpleasant odor, impurities, black or too light color, then you should definitely consult a doctor.

Vomiting without fever

This condition may be considered normal, for example, for babies who are teething, or when regurgitating food debris. Regurgitation in babies is the result of overfeeding, incorrect positioning of the child during feeding, and improper latching on the breast. In addition, a baby may react to introduced complementary foods by vomiting if his digestive tract is not yet ready for it.

Other causes in older children, as well as adults:

• obstruction of the digestive tract;
• CNS diseases;
• pathologies of the endocrine system;
• psychogenic factor;
• mild intoxication due to poisoning, or initial period acute reaction of the body to more severe poisoning;
• Appendicitis in children is not always accompanied by an increase in body temperature.

Vomiting accompanied by fever

It is considered especially dangerous combination symptoms for children under one year of age, and is observed in some infectious diseases, for example, infection with Staphylococcus aureus. However, most often, high fever and vomiting are accompanied by other manifestations of malaise.

Vomiting with fever and diarrhea

The combination is, in some way, classic for most human infectious diseases. Pathogens - bacteria, viruses that have entered the body, begin to actively multiply and move in it, producing toxic substances, poisoning with them all organs, systems and tissues that come their way. Doctors call such diseases, especially often affecting children, “diseases of dirty hands” - dysentery, giardiasis and some others.

In a small proportion of cases, a patient with such a combination of manifestations of illness will not need medical attention, for example, when infected with certain types of staphylococci, recovery occurs the next day, provided that minimal assistance is provided to the affected person at home.

However, more often it happens that in the presence of elevated temperature, diarrhea and vomiting, the patient needs medical help, since he cannot cope with the condition on his own, and his health only worsens. In addition to lesions and infections of the digestive organs, a complex of symptoms may arise due to an acute infectious condition of a different nature - pneumonia, otitis media, etc.

If diarrhea and vomiting are accompanied by a high temperature, then you should definitely seek medical help, since this “set” provokes the onset of dehydration and threatens the development of renal failure, can lead to death.

Vomiting with pain and cramps

A condition characterized by the presence of inflammation in the body. If vomiting is accompanied by cramps and pain in the abdomen, the victim is suspected of having appendicitis, an acute attack of gastritis or cholecystitis, or a peptic ulcer.

In addition, the cause may be hidden in food poisoning or intestinal obstruction. Obstruction is especially likely with a combination of vomiting and paroxysmal pain such as contractions.

The patient needs medical attention if he constantly has pain, spasms that turn into convulsions, and vomiting, and also if these symptoms are accompanied by fever, rapid heartbeat, loss of consciousness - such symptoms may indicate the development of.

If the victim develops vomiting and pain with cramps after an injury or blow to the head and abdominal area, he should be immediately taken to a medical facility, as they may be manifestations of an injury to the internal organs of the abdomen, or a concussion. Vomit with blood is a clinical sign of internal bleeding from damaged organs in the abdominal area.

A headache added to the symptoms indicates the presence of a migraine.

In addition, the problem may be of psychogenic origin, for example, if the child experiences symptoms in the morning before going to kindergarten or school.

Severe vomiting

The criterion for the intensity of vomiting attacks is rather a subjective factor, which makes it possible to assess a person’s individual reaction to a particular stimulus (infectious disease, poisoning). However, we must not forget about situations where severe vomiting is an independent specific sign of an illness or pathological condition. For example, severe vomiting during pregnancy indicates its severe course.

Strong, intense and sudden vomiting attacks accompany some brain diseases - intracranial hypertension, hydrocephalus, encephalitis, hemorrhages in the tissue, and the development of tumors.

Doctors also use the category “uncontrollable vomiting” - this is the name for severe vomiting attacks that are repeated 12-20 (or more) times a day. This condition can last a long time if the patient is not provided with medical care, and it is very exhausting for the person and contributes to the rapid onset of dehydration.

An indomitable type of vomiting accompanies some severe intoxications, Reye's syndrome, and other disorders that cause cerebral edema.

Characteristics of the state of vomiting in infectious diseases

Vomiting attacks are a sign that often accompanies the course of infectious diseases in both children and adults. In some cases, the attack occurs once, at the beginning of the development of the disease, and sometimes it haunts the person throughout the entire period of the disease.

Erysipelas

It is an acute infectious disease accompanied by a state of general intoxication of the body, in which there is inflammatory skin damage. The causative agent of the disease is streptococcus, stable in the environment, insensitive to low temperatures and drying. The route of transmission is through household contact, and the disease is not highly contagious. The incubation period after 3-5 days is replaced by an acute, abrupt onset of the disease, with pronounced signs of severe intoxication, possibly persistent and prolonged vomiting, which is preceded by nausea, headache, fever, chills and weakness. After 10-12 hours, a person experiences signs of skin damage - redness, swelling, burning sensation, pain in a specific inflamed area. The skin feels hot and tight to the touch.

Cholera

A dangerous disease that is accompanied by prolonged and persistent vomiting. Due to this symptom, dehydration may develop in the body, as the patient loses a lot of fluid and reserves of necessary electrolytes. During infection, the small intestine is affected, causing copious watery bowel movements and frequent vomiting. The causative agent is cholera “bacillus” (cholera embryo). The source and “reservoir” of infection is humans; a large number of viable pathogenic cholera bacilli are present in their feces and vomit. It develops suddenly and acutely, with seemingly causeless diarrhea, especially at night and in the morning. The patient's stool is watery, gradually becomes like rice water, and has no odor.

Vomiting occurs after a while, erupts like a fountain and occurs without nausea, without abdominal pain. It is this sequence, when diarrhea appears first, and then the eruption of vomit, that clearly characterizes cholera and allows it to be differentiated from other diseases.

May come fatal outcome due to severe dehydration.

Acute gastroenteritis

In the presence of this infectious disease, the development of symptoms occurs in the opposite way - first, vomiting with nausea and abdominal pain appears sharply, then diarrhea occurs. Severe forms the course suggests the presence of weakness, fever, and manifestations of general intoxication. The mild type of gastroenteritis passes without fever. Foodborne toxic infections proceed in a similar way: they begin with acute malaise, accompanied by a feeling of pain and heaviness in the abdomen, nausea, and weakness. During vomiting attacks, previously eaten food comes out with mucus. After some time, diarrhea occurs. Severe cases occur with a temperature of 38-39 °C and a decrease in blood pressure.

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

It is viral in nature and is not an intestinal infection. It is characterized by the presence of toxicosis, fever, as well as hemorrhages and bleeding, kidney damage. The carriers of the pathogen are mouse-like rodents. Infection occurs through contact or nutritional means, through contact with sick rodents and their secretions.

The incubation period lasts about two weeks, after its end an acute period begins, with pronounced manifestations of intoxication. There is a severe headache, muscle pain and insomnia, pain in the eyeballs, and even decreased visual acuity. The high temperature lasts about a week or a little longer. The feeling of excitement in the affected person is gradually replaced by a state, in some cases, clouding of consciousness. The skin on the face, neck, and upper torso is markedly hyperemic. The mucous membranes in the mouth are reddened, the vessels of the sclera are dilated.

Approximately 3-4 days after the onset of the sudden course, the condition worsens, intoxication increases and constant vomiting appears. Skin in the area armpits and on the shoulder girdle is affected by a hemorrhagic rash with single or multiple small hemorrhages. In addition, the patient has bleeding, mainly from the nose, severe tachycardia, congestion in the lungs. Due to retroperitoneal hemorrhages, he has pain in the abdomen, and his liver and spleen are periodically enlarged. Tapping is characterized by sharp pain in the abdomen with a transition to the lumbar area. The amount of urine excreted decreases, it becomes cloudy, as it contains a large amount of protein and blood.

Meningococcal lesions

Vomiting often accompanies meningitis of meningococcal origin. The onset is acute, with chills, fever, a state of excitement, motor and nervous anxiety. Without previous nausea, vomiting attacks, headache, increased auditory, visual and skin sensitivity appear.

Typical meningeal symptoms develop at the end of the first day - this is neck rigidity, Kerning and Brudzinski symptoms. Confusion, delirium, convulsions and agitation appear. After 2-5 days, a profuse rash of a hemorrhagic nature appears, in some cases - a star-shaped hemorrhage, usually pinpoint.

Encephalitis

If during meningitis inflammation affects only the membranes of the brain, then with the development of encephalitis the damage spreads to its internal tissues. Encephalitis can be primary or secondary and is usually more severe than meningitis.

The primary type is tick-borne encephalitis, which is transmitted by Ixiod ticks. These insects can infect humans directly. The incubation period lasts from 8 days to 3 weeks. A person’s temperature immediately rises to 39-40 °C, a sharp headache, redness of the conjunctiva, pharynx, neck and upper chest appears, the condition is accompanied by very intense vomiting, sometimes loss of consciousness and convulsions. The weakness goes away quickly. The febrile form has a benign course, passes without vomiting, with headache, nausea, and fever for about 3-6 days.

The meningeal form lasts about a month and is accompanied by a state of general intoxication, including vomiting.

The meningoencephalitis form is the most dangerous, since brain damage can be irreversible, and in 25% of cases death occurs. Vomiting is not always present. The patient experiences drowsiness, confusion, delirium, and convulsions.

Secondary encephalitis develops as a result of local purulent inflammation of brain tissue. Next, a limited cavity filled with pus is formed in the thickness of the brain tissue. A brain abscess is usually accompanied by headaches, nausea, weakness and fever. Periods of drowsiness alternate with periods of excitement. The deepening of the lesion is accompanied by hallucinations, delusions, progressive depression of consciousness, as well as uncontrollable cerebral vomiting, attacks of paralysis, and, finally, the onset of coma.

Vomiting in acute surgical pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract

This symptom very often accompanies Various types acute surgical conditions, injuries digestive organs(condition of acute abdomen). In this case, vomiting is usually combined with other, more characteristic symptoms. Acute abdomen accompanies acute surgical diseases of organs abdominal cavity, as well as lesions of extraperitoneal localization, for example, diseases of the stomach and intestines, duodenum, thrombosis of mesenteric vessels, acute diseases of the gallbladder and pancreas, strangulated hernia, closed abdominal injuries, some gynecological diseases in women.

Acute abdomen typically manifests itself as a combination of sharply onset abdominal pain, vomiting, muscle tension in the anterior abdominal wall, and sometimes intestinal obstruction is added to the combination of these symptoms.

Acute appendicitis

It is an inflammatory process in the appendix of the cecum. Against the background of abdominal pain that does not have a clear localization, the affected person develops apathy and weakness, and the temperature may rise. After some time, the pain descends to the right lower abdomen, gradually increases, intensifies when coughing, moving, or taking a deep breath.

Appendiceal abscess

It develops as a limited purulent inflammation in the peritoneal tissues, which is formed due to inflammatory processes in the appendix, and, in fact, is a complication of acute appendicitis. Localized in the right iliac fossa or in the pelvic cavity, in the pouch of Douglas.

Due to the gluing of the peritoneum, the abscess is limited, and then adhesions appear between the loops of the intestine, omentum and mesentery. Against the background of severe pain, vomiting appears. At the location of the abscess, a painful infiltrate forms, tight and elastic upon palpation, in the center it is softer. The affected person’s temperature rises and the process of defecation is disrupted. The resulting abscess can itself break into the intestinal lumen, and then the situation continues to self-heal. If pus enters the abdominal cavity, a person develops diffuse peritonitis, and if it enters the retroperitoneal space, phlegmon develops.

Peritonitis

Severe surgical disease of the abdominal cavity, accompanied by an acute abdomen. It is an inflammatory process in the peritoneum, which is also characterized by a general severe reaction of the body to the entry of microbes into the sterile abdominal cavity and the resulting purulent intoxication. Most often, the condition develops secondarily, as a complication, as a result of rupture of the walls or other violation of the integrity of hollow internal organs in the abdominal cavity, including:

• intestines;
• vermiform appendix;
• stomach;
• gallbladder.

Peritonitis is considered cryptogenic if its cause cannot be detected even at autopsy.

It should be noted that, since the lesion is secondary, its symptoms often overlap with the manifestations of the primary disease.

Peritonitis itself is characterized by abdominal pain, nausea, shortness of breath and weakness, increased feeling of thirst. Vomiting is accompanied by regurgitation and belching, is prolonged and indomitable.

The appearance of the affected person allows you to notice a sharpening of facial features, a change in facial skin color to an earthy gray hue, and sunken eyes. He has a chest type of breathing, he subconsciously strives to immobilize the abdominal wall, and there is also bloating. There is a marked inhibition of reactions to external stimuli, while consciousness remains, although somewhat clouded, and the appearance of a deep, muffled voice. The mucous tissues are dry, the dry tongue is covered with a dense coating.

Palpation of the abdomen makes it possible to determine the source of peritonitis, since in this place the pain is most severe. The abdominal wall is painful and tense.

Sepsis

Blood poisoning is one of the most severe complications of surgical diseases and surgical intervention. It occurs under conditions of reduced general immunity and is characterized by the progressive spread of any type of infection throughout the body.

As a complication of surgical pathologies, it is usually the result of a breakthrough of pus from a suppurating wound, if it contains a viable bacterial element, as well as from a purulent boil or purulent thrombophlebitis.

Due to massive and extensive intoxication of the body, the patient experiences vomiting, which occurs after nausea, is prolonged, but does not bring him relief. As a result of poisoning of the nervous system, caused by the ingestion of toxic waste products and the breakdown of pathogenic microorganisms, a person suffers from headaches, insomnia, confusion, depression of nervous reactions, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness.

The high temperature is not stable, fluctuates at different times of the day and reaches a maximum of 39-40 °C. The victim is shaken by chills, he experiences very intense sweating, that is, sweat literally rolls in hail. Due to constant vomiting and severe toxic damage, body weight decreases, and the deterioration of health progresses sharply even with treatment.

Vascular disorders in this condition are sometimes manifested by a hemorrhagic rash over the body, more often by a sharp increase in pulse rate, low blood pressure, decreased pulse filling, depression of cardiac activity, the formation of bedsores, thrombosis, edema, and thrombophlebitis.

The functioning of parenchymal organs deteriorates, the excretory activity of the kidneys and liver function decrease, jaundice and manifestations of hepatitis may develop. The size of the spleen increases. The patient loses his appetite, and the tongue becomes dry and coated. All this occurs against the background of constant and continuous septic diarrhea.

Local manifestations of sepsis are expressed directly in wounds that have a pale and swollen appearance, with flaccid granulations and a small amount of discharged exudate of a cloudy appearance, with an unpleasant, putrid odor.

Esophageal rupture

Very often it occurs in the presence of vomiting, in most cases it leads to death if medical assistance is not immediately provided. Perforation occurs as a result of tumor and inflammatory processes, as well as due to the ingress of sharp foreign objects in food (fish bones, pieces of glass or plastic, which are sometimes found in purchased food products).

Without nausea, a person suffers from persistent vomiting, as well as intense pain behind the sternum, in the lower third of the neck - the sensation intensifies when swallowing. Body temperature rises, subcutaneous emphysema forms, tachycardia is accompanied by a sharp drop in blood pressure.

If the thoracic esophagus is damaged, the patient develops signs of purulent inflammation of the mediastinal tissue, or purulent pleurisy.

Intestinal obstruction

Occurs against the background of intussusception of intestinal loops. In addition, mechanical obstruction can be the result of intestinal volvulus, adhesive disease, formation of an angle by the intestine, strangulation of a hernia, foreign bodies, or stagnation of feces that block the passage. Roundworms or tumor formations can also interfere with the passage of intestinal contents.

As for the dynamic type of obstruction, its causes lie in severe paresis of intestinal motor function and peristalsis disorder.

Vomiting in the mechanical type of the disease is accompanied by a characteristic fecal odor, and the vomit is similar in shape and consistency to feces. The condition is accompanied by bloating, spastic pain, and lack of stool exiting the rectum. The signs of dehydration and intoxication from the products of one’s own vital activity gradually increase.

Symptoms dynamic obstruction similar in manifestation and intensity, the only difference is in the reason for their appearance.

First aid for vomiting: how to alleviate the patient’s condition

First of all, the affected person needs to take a sitting position if his condition allows him to be seated. It is forbidden to place an unconscious patient with vomiting in such a way that his mouth faces upwards - there is a high probability that he will choke on his own vomit.

If necessary, the person’s shoulders and head are supported, a pelvis is placed on him, his mouth is wiped, and his nasal passages are cleaned with a finger. There should be clean water nearby for rinsing the mouth.

If the victim cannot be seated, he is placed on a flat surface, his head is turned to the side to prevent vomit from entering the respiratory tract. A tray or basin for vomiting is placed under the corner of the mouth, or a towel can be placed. The mouth is wiped with a towel after attacks, and the oral cavity is cleaned from the inside with a gauze swab, or using a finger wrapped in any clean cloth.

Depending on whether the cause of the illness is known and what it is, further steps to provide assistance will differ. Those affected by harmful chemicals, people poisoned by poor-quality food and alcohol need to rinse their stomachs. For patients with vomiting attacks of reflex or central origin, help will consist of putting the person in a calm position and giving him drugs to stop the attack, for example, validol or mint drops, if the doctor prescribes antipsychotic medications.

Bloody vomiting is a very dangerous condition for the victim. It is necessary to lay him on his side, take all necessary measures to immobilize and transport the person to the nearest medical facility. A cold compress or ice pack is applied to the epigastric region of the abdomen. In this case, it is strictly forbidden to give the patient anything to drink, eat, or take any medications.

If vomiting is caused by unknown causes, or if the cause is known and is chemical poisoning, or if the vomit has an atypical color and structure, it is collected in a sealed container and sent to a doctor for examination. They should be stored in a cool, dark place until they are sent to the doctor.

After the attack of vomiting ends, the patient is allowed to rinse his mouth with disinfectant solutions - for their preparation use a 2% solution of sodium bicarbonate, or a solution of potassium permanganate.

Not every type of vomiting requires mandatory medical treatment. If the patient has a short attack, without accompanying symptoms and conditions that are life-threatening, and the vomit does not contain impurities of blood, mucus, or bile, most likely he will not need drug intervention - it is enough to provide plenty of warm drink and rest.

Frequently used drugs to stop vomiting attacks are Motilium, Metoclopramide, Cerucal. If a person is suffering from an ongoing attack that is life-threatening, medications are administered intravenously or intramuscularly. In addition, the victim is given special antiemetic injections with an m-anticholinergic blocker, namely a 0.1 percent solution of atropine, or antispasmodics, for example, a 2 percent solution of no-shpa.

If uncontrollable vomiting does not stop after using the above remedies, antipsychotics such as Aminazine and painkillers (Anestezin) are used. For diarrhea with vomiting, the patient is prescribed Smecta or Enterofuril.

If you are poisoned by poor-quality food or alcohol, you cannot stop vomiting, as this is how the body gets rid of toxins. Treatment in this case consists of following a diet, restoring lost fluid from the body - the medicine Regidron can be used for this purpose.

Is it possible to eat during and immediately after vomiting? Despite the significant loss of strength and nutrients, it is not recommended to eat while vomiting, or on the first day after it. If possible, it is better to refuse meals and drink only water, absorbent medications (Enterosgel, Smecta), and means to restore water-electrolyte balance.

You need to drink a lot and often, in small doses. Suitable for consumption are still mineral water, low-fat vegetable broth or sweet, weak tea, always warm.

It is prohibited to drink foods containing milk, milk and fermented milk drinks, alcohol, juices, or take medications with aspirin and ibuprofen.

If the attacks and the urge to vomit have ended, and the person spent the night calmly, the next morning you can start eating. The following foods are allowed to be eaten:

• cereal porridge with water;
• vegetables and fruits, stewed or baked;
• lean meat: baked or boiled;
• white bread crackers;
• zoological cookies.

In order not to provoke new attacks, you need to avoid fried, fatty foods, canned food, pickled snacks, raw vegetables and fruits for the first two to three days after the vomiting has passed.

How to treat vomiting at home? There are various recipes for folk remedies to normalize the condition of a person who has been shaken due to vomiting attacks. It should be noted that the cause of vomiting itself may not always be amenable to unqualified home treatment, but it is possible to remove or somewhat alleviate its manifestations with various home recipes.

Peppermint infusion or mint tea is a well-known anti-vomiting remedy. has calming properties and works effectively in psychogenic vomiting. To prepare the product, pour a teaspoon of dried or fresh mint into a glass of boiling water and leave to infuse for 30 minutes. The drink is drunk 3 times a day, in small sips. Mint tincture, which is brewed for 6 hours, is taken 1 tablespoon 3 times a day. The product has a restorative and calming effect on the mucous walls of the stomach.

Mint drops are taken for stress and accompanying vomiting - just add 15 drops to 1 tablespoon of clean water, let the patient drink the liquid, and then take the person out into the fresh air.

It is also used for treatment - 1 teaspoon is poured into a glass of boiling water, left to brew, and after the infusion has cooled, drink it like tea.

Dried maple leaves are used to prepare an antiemetic decoction. The product helps improve the functioning of the digestive tract. 1 tablespoon of crushed dried leaves is poured with boiling water, and then the broth is kept in a water bath for half an hour, without bringing to a boil. The cooled and strained “medicine” is taken in 50 milliliters 3 times a day.

The juice has a well-known medicinal effect; it has a positive effect on the mucous walls of the digestive organs, promotes the healing of ulcers and reduces attacks of acute gastritis. To obtain it, raw peeled potatoes are grated, the resulting cake is squeezed out, and the juice is poured into a glass container. Drink half a tablespoon of potato juice before meals three times a day.

Dried asparagus powder is sold in pharmacies and is also used to make an antiemetic. To reduce the intensity of gagging, as well as to calm the walls of the stomach, 1 gram of powder is dissolved in a glass of warm water and drunk immediately after stirring.

Vomiting is an unpleasant condition associated with a disruption of the normal digestive process, when a bolus of food, the contents of the stomach or gall bladder go in the reverse order: they enter the esophagus and exit through the oral cavity and nasal passages.

It cannot be considered as an independent disease, but only as a symptom of other problems that has a certain diagnostic value. The root cause of the appearance can be a variety of factors - brain diseases, pathologies of the digestive organs, and a psychosomatic element, therefore treatment of vomiting is possible only after determining the etiology of the condition.

Sources

1. Vomit. – Great Medical Encyclopedia / ed. B.V. Petrovsky

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Vomiting is a protective physiological reaction of the body; it is not a disease in itself, but only indicates the development of pathology. Vomiting may be caused various disorders in the functioning of the body, including diseases of the digestive system, poisoning, head injuries, and even oncology, but in any case, vomiting after eating indicates a malfunction of the body.

ICD-10 code

R11 Nausea and vomiting

Epidemiology

Vomiting after eating is often caused by intoxication (poisoning with various substances, medications, ethyl alcohol etc.), the entry of toxins into the blood due to various diseases (chronic renal or heart failure, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, acute infectious diseases).

Less commonly, vomiting appears after traumatic brain injury or stroke.

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Causes of vomiting after eating

The most common cause of vomiting that occurs after eating is diseases of the digestive system, in this case, in addition to vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weakness, etc. may be bothersome.

Vomiting after eating can occur with the development of a peptic ulcer, cancer of the stomach or brain, disruption of the gallbladder, pancreas, head injuries (concussion, severe bruises, etc.), infectious diseases of the central nervous system (encephalitis, meningitis), food or alcohol poisoning, stress, severe psychological stress. In each case, vomiting is not the only symptom and is only a consequence of the development of some pathology.

Risk factors

Since vomiting after eating is a consequence of a malfunction of the body, risk factors include the causes of certain diseases.

Not proper nutrition, stress can cause disruptions in the functioning of the digestive system, alcohol abuse causes alcohol poisoning and, as a result, vomiting.

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Pathogenesis

Vomiting has three stages - nausea, retching and vomiting.

Nausea often occurs before vomiting (but not always); at this stage, strong unpleasant sensations appear in the stomach or pharynx, the tone of the stomach muscles decreases, and the activity of the muscles of the small intestine increases.

When there is a urge to vomit, the muscles of the diaphragm, breathing (during inhalation), and the anterior wall of the peritoneum (during exhalation) actively contract.

Vomiting is a complex process involving involuntary reflexes. When vomiting, active contraction of the muscles of the peritoneum and diaphragm occurs, a decrease in the tone of the muscles of the fundus of the stomach, the valve of the esophagus opens and the contents of the stomach are pushed through the esophagus into the oral cavity.

During vomiting, the airway is blocked to block the movement of vomit into the respiratory system.

There are two mechanisms of vomiting:

1. Transmission of impulses directly to the vomiting center (from the vestibular apparatus, gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, coronary arteries, pharynx, hypothalamus, etc.).
2. Stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger area, which sends signals and activates the vomiting center (in this case, drugs can cause stimulation, low level oxygen in the body, uremia, radiation therapy, gram-positive bacteria that produce toxins, etc.).

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Symptoms of vomiting after eating

Before vomiting, in most cases, nausea, severe salivation, rapid breathing, and weakness occur.

In some diseases, before vomiting and nausea, pain (headaches, in the stomach area), stool upset (diarrhea occurs most often), and dizziness may occur.

Nausea and vomiting after eating

Nausea and vomiting after eating may occur due to various reasons Quite often, this condition occurs after eating low-quality foods, overdosing on medications, high blood pressure, and stress.

By the nature of the vomit, one can judge the reason that provoked it, for example, a yellow-green color, a bilious taste in the mouth may indicate food poisoning or an intestinal infection (in addition to vomiting, fever and diarrhea appear). Fever and diarrhea with vomiting can also be associated with inflammation of appendicitis.

If you regularly experience feelings of nausea and vomiting after eating fatty, salty foods, or smoked foods, you should contact a gastroenterologist and undergo the necessary examination, since in this case nausea may be a symptom of the development of a serious disease of the digestive organs.

Vomiting an hour after eating

Vomiting after eating an hour can occur in some diseases.

Most often, this condition is observed in diseases of the digestive system (pancreatitis, cirrhosis, cholecystitis, etc.); in addition to vomiting, appetite disturbances, belching (sometimes with a specific odor), and bloating can be observed.

Fever and vomiting after eating

Often, with a decrease in immunity, a combination of symptoms of different diseases is observed, for example, with iron deficiency anemia and high temperature, an excessive increase in blood pressure occurs, which causes vomiting.

But vomiting after eating and fever can also be symptoms of food poisoning or intestinal flu.

Food poisoning is caused by food or drinks that have expired or been stored in inappropriate conditions. Poisoning appears several hours after eating, the first symptoms are nausea, vomiting, temperature, and fever. Another common symptom of food poisoning is diarrhea.

Stomach flu or rotavirus infection characterized by rapid development, symptoms of the disease are high fever, vomiting, diarrhea.

Vomiting immediately after eating

Nausea and vomiting after eating may be associated with overeating, in which case it is recommended to take enzyme preparations(Mezim, Festal, etc.).

Another reason for vomiting immediately after eating can be gastrointestinal diseases (ulcers, gastritis, etc.).

If nausea and vomiting appears after eating fried, fatty, smoked foods, the cause may be improper functioning of the liver or pancreas.

Hypertension can also provoke vomiting after eating; attacks most often occur in the first half of the day.

Constant vomiting after eating

A feeling of nausea, constant vomiting after eating may be a symptom of the development of organ diseases digestive system, most often in the acute stage, most often this is associated with the development of gastritis, ulcers, pancreatitis, etc.

If such symptoms bother you after each meal, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible to avoid more severe consequences.

Sometimes, nausea or vomiting is related to medications and is adverse reaction body during treatment, in this case you should also contact your doctor and report this, perhaps he will decide to change the drug.

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Diarrhea and vomiting after eating

Diarrhea and vomiting after eating can occur as a result of the ingestion of toxic substances, pathogenic microorganisms, the development of a tumor or abnormalities of the vestibular apparatus, as well as from overeating, an allergic reaction to food or medications.

Intestinal infections arise from eating low-quality food (expired foods, manufactured in violation of sanitary standards, etc.) or water from contaminated sources.

Diarrhea and vomiting, especially if the two symptoms occur at the same time, can pose a serious health hazard because they can lead to dehydration.

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Belching with vomiting after eating

The main cause of belching is the involuntary entry of air into the stomach, which often happens during rapid chewing and swallowing, talking while eating, drinking carbonated drinks, etc.

Stomach problems can also cause belching. In some cases, in addition to belching, a number of other unpleasant symptoms– pain, bloating, diarrhea, vomiting.

Belching and vomiting after eating often occurs due to certain foods that the body does not accept. With age, there are often difficulties in digesting dairy products, such as kefir, cottage cheese, milk, which is associated with a decrease in the level of enzymes required to process these products.

Strong coffee on an empty stomach, alcohol abuse, acidic foods, preserved food (especially with high acidity), and mushrooms can also cause a feeling of nausea, belching, and vomiting. Most often, unpleasant symptoms in this case are associated with individual food intolerance or enzyme deficiency.

Another cause of belching and vomiting after eating can be diseases of the digestive system: damage to the lower parts of the esophagus, inflammation of the gastric mucosa, impaired motor function, diseases of the pancreas, gall bladder, peptic ulcer.

Less commonly, belching and vomiting are observed in diseases that do not relate to the digestive organs. For example, dizziness, nausea, belching, and vomiting can be a concern if the nervous system is damaged. Most often, such symptoms are associated with previous infections and brain injuries.

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Heartburn and vomiting after eating

Heartburn is one of the most unpleasant sensations that can occur with various diseases. When complaining of heartburn and vomiting, doctors first of all suspect gastritis, but a comprehensive examination is required to identify the exact cause.

Heartburn and vomiting after eating most often occur with an esophageal ulcer; with this disease, an increase in unpleasant symptoms occurs in the “lying” position or when bending over.

With heartburn, a bursting feeling appears, a feeling of pressure in the epigastrium, nausea, pain, a bitter taste in the mouth, and increased gas formation is also often observed.

Heartburn usually appears after eating too much food or if you take a “lying” position immediately after eating. Most often, this symptom appears in those who like to snack “on the run,” when chewing food poorly and quickly, when eating large quantities of sweets, fatty foods, and spices.

Obesity, nicotine or alcohol addiction, stress, certain medications, tight clothing - these and other factors can cause heartburn and vomiting after eating. Often this condition worries women who are pregnant.

Heartburn and nausea in the morning, especially if symptoms appear daily, may indicate inflammation of the gallbladder, gastritis, peptic ulcer, as well as problems with the vestibular system.

There are apparently quite a few causes of heartburn and vomiting after eating, and only a specialist can help determine the exact causes.

Vomiting bile after eating

Greenish-yellow vomit indicates bile in the vomit.

Bile is a special liquid necessary for the normal process of digesting food and facilitating the absorption of fats. Normally, the contents of the stomach enter the small intestine, where they mix with bile; the reverse movement of food is prevented by the pyloric valve; if for some reason the valve is open, the contents of the small intestine flow back into the stomach and esophagus along with bile.

There are quite a few reasons for valve malfunction, among them are: intestinal obstruction, bile reflux, alcohol poisoning, gastroenteritis, food poisoning, pyloric stenosis, the effects of certain medications, diseases of the biliary tract or pancreas, circulatory disorders, diseases of the central nervous system, severe emotional shock.

Sometimes vomiting with bile after eating can also bother pregnant women.

It is quite simple to understand that vomiting with bile - vomiting acquires a characteristic bitter taste, in this case it is better to abandon self-medication and contact a specialist who will help determine the exact cause of vomiting and prescribe treatment.

Vomiting after eating without fever

The occurrence of vomiting after eating, without other symptoms (fever, diarrhea, etc.) may indicate overeating. In such cases, experts recommend taking enzyme preparations and drinking carbonated water. Another cause of vomiting can be food - fatty, fried, smoked, especially in large quantities, in this case there may be disturbances in the functioning of the pancreas or liver.

Also, vomiting after eating can be associated with the development of gastrointestinal diseases - peptic ulcers, gastritis, pancreatitis, etc.

People suffering from high blood pressure often experience bouts of vomiting after eating; usually, this unpleasant condition occurs in the morning. For treatment, specialists may prescribe medications to normalize blood pressure.

If vomiting does not go away for more than a day, you should seek medical help. During treatment, you must give up smoking, coffee, strong tea, hot dishes, and juices. It is recommended to drink still mineral water in this condition.

If a child vomits, even if there are no other symptoms, it is better to immediately consult a doctor and find out what caused this condition.

It is worth noting that even in this state you should eat; it is best to give preference to light dishes that do not overload the digestive system - porridge with water, low-fat chicken broth.

Vomiting blood after eating

Vomiting with bright red impurities indicates bleeding in the esophagus; the dark color of the vomit is due to changes in the blood under the influence of digestive juices and indicates prolonged bleeding.

There are many reasons for vomiting blood:

• damage to the mucous membrane of the stomach, esophagus
• varicose veins of the stomach walls (bright red blood in the vomit indicates fresh bleeding, which most often closes quickly, dark vomit is a sign of slow and prolonged bleeding and possible serious consequences)
• advanced stage peptic ulcer
• cirrhosis of the liver
• acute gastritis
• internal bleeding (vomit contains black blood clots).

In children, vomiting blood can also occur after nosebleeds - children can swallow blood, which provokes vomiting. In pregnant women, a similar condition can be observed with late toxicosis; in addition to blood in the vomit, the woman is worried about weakness, swelling, and high blood pressure.

Vomiting after eating blood in any case requires urgent medical consultation; if blood (dark, bright red, clots, etc.) is detected in the vomit, you should immediately consult a doctor to prevent possible complications.

Vomiting mucus after eating

Vomiting after eating with mucus most often occurs due to poisoning. The body's reaction to poor-quality products, pathogenic bacteria or toxic substances develops rapidly. Mucus in the vomit appears due to the fact that the contents of the duodenum, due to the proliferation of harmful bacteria and the release of toxins, enters the stomach, the mucous membrane of which is not able to cope with caustic digestive juices; in some cases, in addition to mucus, foam or blood appears.

Vomiting with mucus occurs when alkalis, acids, or viral infections, flu, erosive processes. Also, mucus can appear with gastritis, which has taken a severe or chronic form; in this case, vomiting occurs when the diet is violated or under stress. If a person is subject to constant negative emotions, a spasm of the gallbladder is possible, as a result of which bile does not enter the duodenum and the process of food digestion is disrupted - poorly digested food debris begins to rot in the intestines. After the spasm passes, the accumulated bile is poured into the intestines, the acids of which burn the valve between the stomach and intestines, and food debris enters the stomach - in this case, greenish vomit with mucus.

If vomiting with mucus only bothers you in the morning, this may indicate chronic bronchitis or alcohol intoxication. With bronchitis, mucus accumulates in the bronchi overnight; in the morning, coughing attacks can provoke vomiting, as a result of which the mucus ends up in the vomit.

If mucus appears during vomiting, you should seek medical help to find out the exact causes of the pathology and begin treatment.

During attacks of vomiting, you absolutely cannot restrain yourself; after emptying your stomach, you need to go to bed and drink more fluids - mineral water without gas, saline solutions, sweet black tea to prevent dehydration. If you have frequent bouts of vomiting, you can take antiemetic drugs (cerucal), but it is worth noting that through vomiting the body gets rid of harmful toxins, so it is best to consult a doctor immediately.

Dizziness and vomiting after eating

Doctors identify about a hundred causes of dizziness, nausea and vomiting that appear after meals, most of which do not pose a threat to health, for example, seasickness(motion sickness in transport), physical exhaustion.

Dizziness can occur after severe injuries, during migraine attacks, epilepsy, circulatory disorders, tumors, during Meniere's disease (damage to the inner ear), diseases of the vestibular apparatus. Vomiting after eating and dizziness are symptoms of various diseases or disorders, which makes diagnosis difficult. If such symptoms appear, self-medication is unacceptable.

Let's look at some reasons that can cause vomiting and dizziness:

• Meniere's disease - the causes of the pathology are not well understood; according to some versions, the disease is caused by injuries or infections. As the disease develops, prolonged attacks of dizziness (up to several hours), nausea, vomiting, and hearing impairment are observed. After 10-14 days, the symptoms of the disease disappear, but after a while they reappear.
• vestibular neuritis - causes dizziness (usually occurs spontaneously), vomiting, panic attacks, imbalance, tilting the head provokes an increase in symptoms, in some cases there is congestion in the ears. The disease develops after respiratory diseases, but the exact causes have not yet been established.
• migraine - in addition to severe headaches, migraine attacks can provoke nausea and vomiting, imbalance, dizziness, and fear of light. The disease is caused by a disruption of the blood supply to the brain, especially the areas responsible for the functioning of the vestibular apparatus.
• hormonal changes - most often observed in women, since they are subject to hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, and also before each menstruation. The level of hormones especially affects the condition of iron deficiency in the body - low hemoglobin causes oxygen starvation of the brain, as a result of which dizziness occurs. During menopause, blood pressure surges and nervous excitability increases. During pregnancy, dizziness and vomiting (especially in the first months of pregnancy) are also caused by hormonal changes in the body; another reason for this condition may be low blood glucose levels and low blood pressure.

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Cough and vomiting after eating

Coughing and vomiting are quite rare, but such symptoms immediately cause great concern, both for the patient himself and for those close to him. Experts note that some diseases of the upper respiratory tract can lead to this condition.

Most often, coughing and vomiting after eating can be a problem with bronchitis, and also occur as a complication of pneumonia. It is worth noting that such symptoms are common in a child and usually occur with a cold, but in any case, if such a symptom appears, you should immediately seek medical help and establish the true cause of the cough and vomiting.

Severe attacks of coughing leading to vomiting are associated with irritation of receptors on the mucous membrane of the throat; this condition can occur with tracheitis, laryngitis, whooping cough, bronchitis, acute respiratory viral infections, runny nose, prolonged smoking, or a foreign object entering the respiratory tract.

Cough with vomiting against the background of a runny nose is especially often observed in newborn children, since children of this age are not yet able to blow their nose normally and the mucus accumulated in the nose flows down the nasopharynx, irritates the mucous membrane and causes a coughing attack that leads to vomiting.

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Artificial vomiting after eating

Vomiting, as already mentioned, is the body’s protective reaction to bacteria, toxins, and harmful substances entering the gastrointestinal tract. But sometimes a person himself provokes vomiting, in which case they say that the vomiting is artificial.

In some cases, artificial vomiting after eating will help save lives, for example, in case of food poisoning; the faster the poison is removed from the body, the less harm it will have time to cause.

But sometimes people deliberately induce vomiting after eating, most often they do this in order not to gain weight. This “recipe” for slimness is especially popular among girls who want to maintain an ideal figure and not torture themselves with strict diets. It is worth noting that this method of losing weight is quite effective, since after eating the brain receives a signal of saturation, but after vomiting, the food that has not had time to digest leaves the stomach, and the calories go along with it.

But this method poses a serious danger to human health - with regular emptying of the stomach after eating, this becomes a habit in the body, and in the future even small portions of food provoke a gag reflex, resulting in the development of bulimia (a neuropsychic disorder that expresses an incessant feeling of hunger and weakness).

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Losing weight by vomiting after eating

Most girls believe that losing weight quickly without much effort is an ideal option, which is why a method such as losing weight by vomiting after eating has become popular among the fair sex.

First of all, this method earned its popularity due to its ease, i.e. girls don’t need to torture themselves with strict diets, exercise, etc., it’s enough just to induce vomiting after eating and unnecessary calories will leave the body themselves, and as a result, a slim figure without difficulty.

But “vomiting weight loss” is extremely dangerous for health and causes not only physiological, but also psychological disorders.

The desire to lose weight often drives girls to the point where they don’t understand what is slimness and what is painful exhaustion. The first dangerous sign is an increase in portions, uncontrolled consumption of sweet or fatty foods, a constant feeling of hunger - all this precedes the development of a severe neuropsychiatric disorder.

With bulimia, attacks of severe hunger occur, during which a person does not control the amount of food eaten, but after eating food, a gag reflex occurs. This vicious circle is due to the fact that the stomach muscles can contract, and with regular vomiting after eating, the stomach walls become weak and stretched, resulting in a constant strong feeling of hunger. As a result, the girl becomes like a skeleton covered in skin, with dull and brittle hair, flabby skin, and crumbling teeth. Also, the result of regular vomiting is gastritis, the digestion process is disrupted, and bad breath appears.

But often, even such a transformation does not stop girls, since vomiting after eating becomes uncontrollable and even the smell or sight of food can trigger the gag reflex, which is associated with weakness of the gastric muscles.

At this stage of the disease, loss of appetite may begin and anorexia develops, complete physical exhaustion, failure of internal organs, cessation of the menstrual cycle, depressive disorders, often ending in death without the help of loved ones and doctors.

It is worth noting that even in such cases, girls refuse help, and the recovery process takes months and even years; often, because of their desire to be slim, girls struggle with the consequences of the disease for the rest of their lives.

Vomiting after eating in a child

Often, young mothers are faced with such a frightening symptom as vomiting after eating in their baby. This condition is especially concerning if there are no other symptoms - fever, abdominal pain, weakness, etc.

There are many reasons why a child vomits immediately or some time after eating, and parents should know the main ones in order to help their baby in a timely manner.

Natural vomiting can be associated with normal overeating, after force feeding, or eating very fatty foods. As a rule, in these cases, vomiting occurs once, after emptying the stomach, the child looks healthy, and the general condition does not worsen.

In newborns, vomiting after feeding is associated with air entering the stomach - regurgitation helps not only remove air bubbles, but also improve the digestion process, as well as reduce colic. Normally, regurgitation should be in small quantities, but if the amount of vomit is too large, the child vomits like a fountain, then this may indicate problems with the stomach, in which case you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Various diseases can also cause vomiting:

• chronic gastrointestinal diseases.
• rotavirus, intestinal infection(in addition to vomiting, there is a deterioration in health and a high temperature).
• respiratory tract diseases (colds, bronchitis, etc.).
• brain tumors (the child also suffers from severe headaches).
• meningitis, encephalitis (the child does not feel better after vomiting).
• acute appendicitis.
• food poisoning (expired, spoiled foods, etc.).
• allergy.

If a child vomits, you should immediately seek medical help, since it is almost impossible to find out the causes of this condition on your own - the same symptoms can be associated with the most various diseases, which cannot be diagnosed without laboratory tests and examination by a specialist.

Complications and consequences

Vomiting is a protective process of the body through which harmful substances are removed from the stomach. With frequent vomiting, the body rapidly loses moisture, which leads to dehydration, disruption of water-salt balance and other dangerous consequences.

Dehydration is extremely dangerous for the body, since loss of water has irreversible consequences in all organs and systems, including the brain.

Gastric juice contains microelements and minerals that are important for the body, without which the functioning of all organs and systems is disrupted. Vomiting after eating has the most severe consequences for the body due to food poisoning and toxic infections. But even from time to time, vomiting associated with chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract can lead to a violation of the bacterial composition in the intestines, a lack of vitamins and microelements, a decrease in hemoglobin, a disruption of the blood clotting process, a weakening of the body’s defenses - all these conditions are associated with a violation of biological synthesis active substances in the stomach.

Diagnosis of vomiting after eating

When determining the causes of vomiting, the specialist must find out the patient's medical history: whether vomiting is preceded by a feeling of nausea, vomiting appears immediately after eating or after some time, what diseases have been suffered, what medications have been taken recently, how often and in what quantities alcohol is consumed in a woman the menstrual cycle is determined (pregnancy may be the cause of vomiting).

During the examination, the doctor will identify some signs that may help in making a diagnosis:

• general condition, fever, sudden weight loss, yellowness of the skin;
• examination of the abdomen (identification of painful areas, palpable formations in the abdominal cavity);
• listening to the abdomen (helps identify abnormalities in the functioning of organs);
• determining the size of the liver by palpation;
• detection of diseases of the nervous system.

Analyzes

Vomiting after eating can be associated with a variety of diseases, so it is important for a specialist to determine whether the patient should be urgently hospitalized for emergency care.

Depending on the clinical manifestations, blood tests (for blood glucose levels, serum CRP), and urine tests may be prescribed.

If vomiting continues for a long time, a general blood test, an analysis to detect the level of creatinine, sodium, potassium, digoxin, etc. are also prescribed. in blood serum.

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Instrumental diagnostics

Instrumental diagnostics are prescribed to confirm the preliminary diagnosis.

If a specialist suspects intestinal obstruction, an x-ray of the abdominal organs is prescribed; in case of prolonged vomiting, fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (visual diagnosis of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine using an endoscope), ultrasound of the abdominal organs, neurological examination, consultation with a psychiatrist (if eating disorders are suspected - bulimia, anorexia).

Differential diagnosis

When making a diagnosis, it is important to distinguish vomiting from regurgitation.

Regurgitation is the expulsion of food from the stomach without a preceding feeling of nausea, and there is also no contraction of the abdominal obstruction.

Regurgitation occurs with stenosis or diverticulosis of the esophagus, heartburn, spasms and stenosis (narrowing) of the gastric valve, gastric atony (weakening or absence of contractions).

In infants and children of primary school age, adults with intellectual disabilities, with bulimia nervosa, mericism occurs - involuntary regurgitation and chewing of food.

At differential diagnosis The doctor should find out when vomiting occurs:

• directly during meals or immediately after is typical for peptic ulcer disease, it can also be associated with neuroses
• a few hours after eating and the presence of undigested food in the vomit occurs with stenosis of the gastric valve, weakening of the stomach muscles, certain diseases of the esophagus (diverticulosis, achalasia)
• Vomiting after eating in women in the morning can be associated with pregnancy, and morning vomiting can also be a symptom of renal failure, alcoholic gastritis
• Severe vomiting without nausea may indicate neurological diseases.
• Among other things, it is important to identify other symptoms that accompany vomiting:
• tinnitus, dizziness appear when the level of endolymph in the inner ear increases (Meniere's disease)
• prolonged vomiting without weight loss may be associated with psychogenic factors
• decreased pain in the abdomen after emptying the stomach is a clear sign of an ulcer

When making a diagnosis, the consistency, smell, and composition of the vomit are also taken into account:

• an increased level of gastric juice is characteristic of ulcerative stenosis, valve spasms, while the absence of gastric juice indicates the growth of a cancerous tumor in the stomach
• the smell of rot or feces is associated with the growth of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, which occurs with intestinal obstruction, inflammatory processes in the peritoneum, complications of ulcers
• bile in vomit almost always appears with severe vomiting; usually this fact is not of particular importance for diagnosis, but if there is an excessive amount of bile, intestinal obstruction should be excluded
• blood in the vomit appears due to bleeding in the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine.

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Treatment of vomiting after eating

Vomiting after eating is not normal, a feeling of nausea, discomfort, abdominal pain, fever - all this should be a reason to seek medical help.

Consultation with a specialist is required even when, in addition to vomiting, no other symptoms occur, and especially if vomiting bothers you from time to time.

If the cause of vomiting is any disease (gastritis, ulcer), then vomiting is accompanied by pain in the abdomen (in the upper part), nausea - especially after eating fatty, floury, fried foods. For these diseases, first of all, it is necessary to adhere to a special diet, and if the disease is detected in a timely manner, treatment usually has a favorable prognosis.

If the cause of vomiting is an attack of appendicitis, then you should call ambulance, in this case, you should not take any painkillers, as this can complicate the diagnosis and affect the results of treatment - in most cases, the patient requires urgent surgery.

If vomiting is associated with poisoning with low-quality products or any substances, you need to thoroughly cleanse the stomach (this will help reduce the amount of toxins in the body and alleviate the condition), in this case you can even induce artificial vomiting, after which you need to drink more water, take adsorbent preparations ( activated carbon, Enterosgel), if the condition worsens, you should consult a doctor.

If a child is poisoned, you should immediately consult a doctor, since the child’s body reacts differently to the action of toxins and serious consequences are possible.

High blood pressure, the main symptom of which is nausea and vomiting after eating, should be treated only under the supervision of a specialist.

For migraines, Sumatriptan and Metaproclamide will help get rid of the feeling of nausea and vomiting; you should exclude chocolate, wine, fish, and hard cheeses from your diet.

Medicines (indicate 4-5 medicines, their dosage, method of administration, precautions, side effects)

The effectiveness of antiemetic drugs depends on the cause of vomiting, as well as individual characteristics.

Drugs from this group are prescribed in critical situations to stop the urge to vomit and alleviate the patient’s condition.

For diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, Itomed will help cope with severe symptoms, which enhances gastrointestinal motility, suppresses the feeling of nausea and vomiting. The drug is prescribed for feelings of discomfort in the epigastrium, stomach diseases, autonomic neuroses, anorexia, heartburn, etc. The drug is available in the form of tablets, which are prescribed before meals, 1 tablet 3 times a day, take no more than 150 mg per day, in old age it is necessary dosage adjustment. You need to take Itomed after equal intervals time, if you miss a tablet, you cannot take 2 tablets at once.

During treatment, there may be a decrease in concentration, tremors, irritability, and dizziness, so during treatment you should avoid driving and other activities that require increased attention.

Usually the drug is well tolerated, but sometimes constipation, diarrhea, headaches, increased salivation, allergic reactions, changes in blood composition, sleep disorders.

During chemotherapy or radiation therapy and after surgery, Kythril may be prescribed to reduce the feeling of nausea and vomiting after meals.

Contraindicated in case of lactation, sensitivity to any component of the drug, and should be prescribed with caution to pregnant women and in case of intestinal obstruction.

Kytril is well tolerated in most cases, in rare cases there is increased sensitivity (anaphylactic shock), abdominal pain, increased gas formation, diarrhea, heartburn, headaches, sleep disturbances, weakness, dizziness, increased anxiety, allergic reactions, arrhythmia.

Kitril tablets are taken 2 times a day, 1 mg, or the doctor may prescribe 2 mg once a day, the course of treatment is 7 days, the first tablet is taken 1 hour before the start of chemotherapy.

Motinorm syrup is prescribed for dyspeptic symptoms (heartburn, bloating, belching, flatulence, etc.). The drug effectively copes with the feeling of nausea and vomiting caused by infection, radiotherapy, taking certain medications, and poor diet.

Motinorm is contraindicated for pregnant and lactating women, children under 1 year of age, and for bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

While taking it, there may be increased excitability, headaches, spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, dry mouth, and allergic reactions.

Take the syrup 15-20 minutes before meals; usually for nausea and vomiting, 20 ml is prescribed 3 times a day. Children weighing less than 35 kilograms require a dose adjustment - 5 ml of syrup per 10 kg of body weight.

The most common antiemetic is Cerucal, which normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. the drug is available in the form of tablets and injections.

Prescribed for nausea and vomiting, regardless of the cause, including a reaction to medications, decreased tone of the stomach or intestines, heartburn, inflammation of the esophagus, motion sickness, during examination of the gastrointestinal tract,

In tablets, 1 tablet is prescribed 3 times a day (adults and children over 14 years old), the course of treatment is 4-5 weeks. It is recommended to take the tablets with a small amount of water.

In the form of injections, it is prescribed to children aged 2 years from 0.1 to 0.5 mg per kg of body weight. The drug is administered intravenously or intramuscularly; dilution with a 5% glucose solution is allowed.

Treatment with Cerucal is contraindicated in children under 2 years of age, with bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, epilepsy, intestinal obstruction, and also with sensitivity to the components. During treatment, irritability, constipation, diarrhea, headaches, dizziness, and a feeling of fear may occur. IN childhood dyskinetic syndrome may occur, and in the elderly – symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

Vitamins

After vomiting, the body rapidly loses vitamins and microelements, so during the recovery period it is extremely important to ensure an additional supply of important substances that will help increase resistance and speed up the process of normalizing digestion.

Vomiting after eating usually leads to loss of vitamins B, A and C; they can be replenished with special medications, as well as certain foods.

Vitamin A is found in green, red and green vegetables and fruits. yellow color, vitamin B - in liver, nuts, eggs, milk, fish, vitamin C - in citrus fruits, rose hips, strawberries, viburnum, green bell peppers.

Among the vitamin complexes, Undevit can be distinguished, which includes the necessary vitamins for restoring the body after vomiting.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

Physiotherapeutic treatment for vomiting is aimed at reducing unpleasant symptoms and restoring the body after illness. Depending on the reason that provoked vomiting, the doctor can choose the appropriate method of physiotherapy - medicinal electrophoresis, inductothermy, electrosleep therapy, the course of treatment depends on the severity of the patient’s condition (on average 10-15 sessions).

Medicinal electrophoresis has a complex effect and allows you to simultaneously influence the body with a constant electric current and introduce useful substances with its help.

Inductothermy - a method based on the use of high frequency magnetic fields (up to 40 MHz).

Electrosleep is the effect of a weak impulsive current on the patient’s brain, which induces sleep (on average about 30-40 minutes).

This method of physical therapy helps reduce feelings of nausea, vomiting, and drooling (one of the symptoms of nausea and vomiting). Also, this treatment is gentle and has virtually no contraindications.

Traditional treatment

Folk remedies in some cases are quite effective in helping to cope with the feeling of nausea and vomiting that occurs after a ride. In this case, you should choose a recipe depending on the cause of this condition.

If vomiting is caused by stress, motion sickness, or taking medications, mint candies or mint water (15 drops of mint tincture per glass of water) can help.

For pregnant women suffering from toxicosis, fresh potato juice (1 tsp before meals), ginger root (a small amount of finely grated root added to drinks or food), and green tea can help get rid of nausea and vomiting.

In case of poisoning with toxic fumes, peppermint will help - 1.5 tbsp. dry herbs, pour boiling water (200ml), leave for 2-3 hours and take 1 tsp. 3-4 times a day.

If you have indigestion, dill seed will help – 2 tsp. seeds, pour boiling water (400 ml), simmer over low heat for several minutes and strain, drink 1 tsp. several times a day.

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Herbal treatment

Among the medicinal herbs, there are several that help prevent vomiting after eating:

• lemon balm - 2 tbsp. l. Brew chopped herbs with boiling water (200 ml) and let it brew for 2.5-3 hours, if you feel nauseous, drink 100 ml of infusion (you can drink about 500 ml of infusion per day)
• three-leaf watch – 3 tbsp. herbs pour 1 liter of cooled boiled water, leave for 24 hours and take 2-3 tbsp. This plant has healing properties and helps get rid of the constant feeling of nausea and vomiting.
• basil – 1 tbsp. l. Brew herbs with hot water (200 ml), leave for 15-20 minutes, drink as tea, but no more than 2 glasses per day, add honey if desired. Basil helps get rid of feelings of nausea, bloating, and normalize appetite during neuroses and nervous strain.

Homeopathy

Vomiting after eating and a feeling of nausea are often treated with homeopathic remedies:

• Antimonium crudum (antimony trisulfur) is used for various disorders (hot flashes, inflammation of the mucous membrane, including inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract, migraines, gastritis, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, bloating).

Contraindications to taking this drug are pregnancy and breastfeeding, thyroid disease, childhood, severe violations liver function, sulfur allergies.

Antimonium crudum can provoke allergic reactions, febrile conditions; with prolonged use, it accumulates in the thyroid gland and suppresses its function.

The dosage is prescribed by the doctor, depending on the condition and symptoms, usually applied from 3 to 12 divisions.

• Nux vomica-Gomacord is a combined homeopathic remedy that is prescribed for disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, inflammatory processes in the digestive system, gastritis, dysbacteriosis, cholecystitis, etc. The drug has also proven itself well for the treatment of chronic intoxication with nicotine, alcohol or drugs.
• It is prescribed for adults 30 drops per day, the dosage must be divided into 3 doses (10 drops per 100 ml of water or 1 tsp under the tongue). The drug may cause allergic reactions.
• Tabacum or ordinary tobacco is most often prescribed to pregnant women during toxicosis, motion sickness, severe headaches, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The dosage is selected by the doctor individually, taking into account the age, condition of the patient, the cause of the disease, the dilution varies quite widely - from 1/10 to 6/100.
• Creosotum is prescribed for vomiting caused by tumors. This product should not be taken by pregnant women, nursing mothers, children or persons allergic to creosote. After administration, the skin's sensitivity to light may increase (photosensitivity); after contact with the skin, spots, warts, and pigmentation may appear.

It is prescribed in diluted form, the dosage is individual, depending on the severity of the patient’s condition.

Surgical treatment

Vomiting after eating is not the main disease, but only a symptom of some disorder in the body. Surgical treatment is prescribed for diseases of the digestive system and cancerous tumors.

For peptic ulcers, a doctor requires surgery in 50% of cases; as a rule, this method is chosen if drug therapy does not have a positive effect.

The type of surgical intervention is chosen by the doctor, it can be resection (removal of an ulcer with part of the stomach), vagotomy (cutting the nerve endings that are responsible for the production of gastrin), endoscopy (operation through punctures in the abdominal cavity using special equipment). The same types of surgical treatment can be chosen for other disorders of the digestive system - pancreatitis, diseases of the biliary tract, etc.

When cancerous tumors develop, surgery to remove them is prescribed. malignant formation followed by chemotherapy or radiation therapy.

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Nausea is a common symptom that occurs during intoxication. It manifests itself as an unpleasant sensation preceding vomiting. It is related to the patient's awareness and afferent stimuli.

What is this condition?

When a feeling of nausea occurs, the protective functions of the human body begin to turn on. The patient feels a deterioration in health, a disturbance in the general condition, weakness, and dizziness. This condition manifests itself after intoxication of the body. Poisoning can last for several days. During this time, poisonous substances and toxins are absorbed into the body. Nausea manifests itself as defense mechanism, helping to remove the harmful elements that caused this condition. Therefore, stopping nausea is strictly prohibited.

Nausea during intoxication occurs for the following reasons:

Consumption of spoiled low-quality products; Inhalation of toxic fumes; Carbon monoxide poisoning; Ingestion of chemicals into the body; Overdose of medications; Alcohol poisoning; Consumption of narcotic drugs; Ingestion of pesticides;

In this case, the patient may feel:

Dizziness; Suffocation; Shortness of breath; Difficulty breathing; Tachycardia; Pain in the abdomen; Temperature rises to 38°; Increase or decrease in blood pressure; Chills; Manifestation of cold sweat; Weakness; Drowsiness; Lack of appetite; Irritability;

The human body is a creation of centuries of evolution. It is designed very intelligently and has a large number of defensive reactions. One of them is nausea. The patient cannot control this condition. In case of food poisoning, the contents of the stomach are eliminated using the diaphragm and abdominal muscles. You can prevent the onset of vomiting with the help of a sweetish liquid or special antiemetic drugs.

If the patient feels dizzy, then it is necessary to take a horizontal position.

When is it necessary to see a doctor?

Nausea is a sign that the body is experiencing serious problems at this moment and needs to be cleansed. Such patients need properly selected treatment. It is not recommended to consult a specialist if the attack of nausea was a one-time occurrence. This manifestation in most cases is caused by motion sickness, nervous breakdown, overeating. Also, a feeling of nausea can occur with alcohol poisoning. Treatment in this case is not necessary.

But with increased intoxication, repeated repetition of gag reflexes, with the formation chronic diseases or the presence of diabetes mellitus or if the patient experiences dizziness, contacting a doctor should be mandatory.

Emergency help is required if:

Nausea accompanied sharp pains lower abdomen; Presence of blood; Manifestation of dehydration, dry mouth; Frequent urination; Deterioration in functional or mental activity; If the patient experiences dizziness; An ambulance must be called for children under three years of age and elderly patients over 65 years of age;

Pre-medical measures

If nausea is accompanied by fever, diarrhea, acute pain, or if the patient experiences dizziness, then it is urgent to call an ambulance. The person is placed in bed so that his head is turned to the side. A small pillow is placed under the head. You can place a wet towel on your forehead. Horizontal position on the back is not allowed. If someone is severely dehydrated, they may choke on vomit. It is not recommended to give food to a sick person. After an attack of nausea, you should rinse your mouth with running water. The patient can be given a glucose-saline solution as a drink. Such drugs are sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. In case of hospitalization, it is necessary to collect things and prepare a medical pole.

Techniques to prevent vomiting

The choice of method to stop vomiting depends on what exactly caused the body’s reaction. In most cases, stopping the gag reflex is not recommended. For example, after food poisoning, nausea is a natural way of cleansing. It helps the body remove harmful toxins that have entered it.

Purchased aqueous and saline solutions; Non-concentrated potassium permanganate; Cooled distilled water;

Every fifteen minutes, consume a small amount of distilled water or infusions of medicinal herbs. Another method that helps get rid of vomiting after poisoning is the use of antiemetic drugs. Such medicines include:

Bromopride; Vogalen; Dimenhydrinate; Dimetpramide; Dixafen; Dimetcarb; Domperidone; Meclozine; Metoclopramide; Rodavan; Thiethylperazine; Tropisetron;

Treatment

Treatment for nausea includes several various techniques. In case of food or alcohol poisoning, gastric lavage can be used. This procedure helps get rid of excess pathogenic microorganisms and toxins. After intoxication, experienced specialists recommend taking sorbents. They are sold freely in pharmacies. Should be observed proper diet nutrition, gentle regimen. It is necessary to drink as much fluid as possible. You can also use folk recipes. With the help of medicinal herbs you can get rid of intoxication in a few days.

After completing all the techniques, intoxication passes without any complications.

Washing

Treatment of intoxication after food poisoning includes gastric lavage. Otherwise, pathogenic bacteria and toxic elements that penetrate the digestive tract spread throughout the body, being absorbed into the blood. They can cause side effects including respiratory arrest, cardiac arrest, and even death. Therefore, effective and necessary treatment after intoxication is gastric lavage.

To get rid of toxins, prepare several liters of solution. Depending on the severity of intoxication, 5 to 10 liters may be required. It is allowed to use chilled boiled water for the procedure. Soda is added to it. One tablespoon is enough for two liters of water.

It is also allowed to use a weakly concentrated solution of potassium permanganate.

Rinsing must be done in a reclining or horizontal position. The patient lies on his side so that the head is below the level of the body. This position will not allow vomit to enter the respiratory tract; A container is placed on the floor to collect vomit; Skin protection measures are taken. To do this, you can wear rubber gloves or an apron; The initial amount of solution taken should not exceed 0.5 l; After taking the solution, the patient should bend over the container and press on the root of the tongue; The procedure should be carried out until the washing solution becomes clean;

If the patient experiences dizziness, gastric lavage is not recommended. In this case, you need to urgently contact a specialist.

Sorbents

Name	Description	Contraindications	Cost, rub
Activated carbon	It is used for food intoxication, diarrhea, dysentery, salmonellosis, and allergic diseases.	Contraindicated for ulcerative lesions gastrointestinal tract.	From 20
Smecta	It is a natural sorbent. It is used for diarrhea, intoxication, nausea, heartburn, bloating and gas formation.	Not recommended for people with fructose intolerance.	From 149
Sorbolong	The drug is prescribed to detoxify the body. Effective for kidney diseases.	Not recommended for patients with acute intestinal obstruction.	From 56
Polysorb	Sold in powder form for suspension. Taken for acute and chronic intoxication.	The drug is contraindicated in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.	From 107
Chitosan	Able to stop bleeding, regulate the condition of lymphatic cells, and cleanse the intestines of toxins.	The drug is not recommended for children under 12 years of age.	From 860

Drinking and diet

In order to completely get rid of the symptoms of intoxication, you must follow a strict diet.

For 3-4 days you should avoid spicy, fatty, too salty, smoked and fried foods.

Spices and sauces should be excluded from the diet.

Canned food; Meat products; Sweets; Seafood; Yeast baked goods; Dairy products; Fibrous raw vegetables; Dried fruits; Green unripe apples; Legumes;

Bananas; Buckwheat; Rice; 1% cottage cheese; Homemade yoghurts; Low-fat sea ​​fish; Boiled chicken; Boiled pureed vegetables;

To get rid of intoxication in a few days, the patient needs to drink as much fluid as possible. Drinking plenty of fluids removes toxins from the body.

Beer; Sweet soda; Kvass;

If you are poisoned you can drink:

Decoctions of medicinal herbs; Tea mushroom; Dried fruits compote; Morse made from fresh or frozen berries; Black and green tea; Distilled water;

Traditional methods

You can get rid of the feeling of nausea with ginger. It easily eliminates reflex urges. It can be added to food or drinks. Experts recommend drinking warm water with lemon juice for 3-4 days. Excellent folk remedy are dill seeds. One teaspoon of dry seeds is poured into 200 ml of boiling water. Simmer on fire for two minutes. Strain and take 3-4 tablespoons before meals. An effective remedy is an infusion of ripe red apples. Fresh fruits are cut into slices and poured with 300 ml of boiling water. Infuse for one hour. Add natural honey or granulated sugar to taste. Take the infusion every half hour for one day. Cabbage juice helps stop the gag reflex and relieve dizziness. It is squeezed from fresh cabbage. Take 0.5 cups twice a day.

Dangerous manifestation of artificial vomiting

When the first symptoms appear, the patient must receive medical attention. But it is strictly prohibited to provoke unnatural vomiting if:

The patient is unconscious; If a person suffers from diseases of the cardiovascular system; If a person has seizures;

Artificial vomiting should not be provoked in pregnant and lactating girls, children under four years of age, and elderly people over 65 years of age.

Nausea is not considered a disease. It indicates any malfunctions in the body, or the entry of poor-quality food into the stomach. Attacks of nausea are caused by irritation of receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, which can send a signal to the brain.

In case of severe intoxication, treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a professional specialist.

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All causes of nausea (nausea). Symptoms, treatment.

It is probably impossible to find a person who is not familiar with such a condition as nausea. Moreover, the causes of nausea are not always obvious at first glance. It is rare that this condition quickly goes away on its own, and it is completely unpleasant when nausea haunts a person constantly.

We will talk to you about what factors cause nausea, its causes (except pregnancy, among other things), and how to get rid of it.

If nausea constantly haunts you, the reasons for this most often lie in diseases of the digestive system, although, of course, there are cases of neurological disorders, disorders of the endocrine system and heart function, in which a feeling of nausea appears along with other symptoms.

Nausea - causes

As you know, you can get rid of any symptom if you influence the cause of its occurrence. Nausea is no exception.

Ulcer and gastritis

If you are plagued by nausea after eating, the reasons for this lie precisely in these inflammatory processes. Along with nausea, there will be the following symptoms: heaviness in the stomach, a feeling of fullness after eating. On an empty stomach, you may feel a burning sensation in the stomach area.

A specialist will help you determine the diagnosis by conducting a series of studies. And you should also forget about spicy, smoked and fatty foods for now and switch to a dietary diet.

Problems with the gallbladder

In this case, nausea appears during the process of eating, along with a feeling of fullness from the inside. Associated symptoms: metallic taste in the mouth or bitterness, gas formation, pain in the right hypochondrium, heartburn.

Symptom of poisoning or intestinal infection

After some time has passed after eating, a person begins to experience nausea, which results in vomiting. Pain is noticeably felt in the navel area, dizziness, weakness appear, and the temperature may rise to 37-38°. In this condition, it is imperative to take measures, because diarrhea and dehydration will be added to it.

First, drink a couple of glasses of warm water in small sips; you need to induce vomiting. Then your task is to replenish the missing fluid: drink water, fruit drinks, weak teas. Two to four tablets of activated carbon will also help you. If you cannot get rid of vomiting and bile is found in it, dizziness begins - this may indicate that a serious infection has entered the body (salmonellosis, for example), in this case it is worth calling an ambulance.

Inflammatory processes in the kidneys

This cause of nausea is not related to food intake. In some cases, nausea can result in vomiting. An important symptom that indicates that the cause of this nausea is inflammation in the kidneys is lower back pain and problems with urination.

Pancreatitis – inflammatory disease pancreas

In people suffering from this problem, nausea and bloating appear after eating, accompanied by pain in the right hypochondrium and the appearance of bitterness in the mouth.

Hypertension

With this disease, constant nausea is possible, which most often appears in the morning. Then in the morning, a person with hypertension may experience swelling and redness of the face, increased fatigue, and often dizziness.

Taking certain medications

If you read the instructions for the medications you purchase, you will note that many of them can, in the form of side effect provoke nausea. Such medications include antibiotics, anti-influenza and anti-inflammatory drugs, iron-containing drugs, some vitamin complexes and etc.

Concussion

If you seriously hurt your head and feel dizzy and persistently nauseous all the time, consult a doctor immediately.

Symptom of appendicitis

Regardless of food, nausea may occur in patients with appendicitis; in some cases, nausea will progress to vomiting. The pain will first appear in the upper abdomen, then it will gradually move to the lower abdomen. right side. An increase in temperature to 37-38° is another symptom of appendicitis.

Problems with the vestibular system

Severe dizziness and nausea are frequent accompaniments of a sudden change in body position when you roll over or get out of bed. Other signs include the appearance of tinnitus, problems with balance, “spots” in front of the eyes, and the inability to focus on a moving object for a long time.

Symptom of heart attack and heart failure

With these problems, even after vomiting, nausea remains, accompanied by pain in the upper abdomen. In heart failure, the following symptoms are also common: pale skin, hiccups, and a feeling of suffocation.

Migraine

Slight dizziness may be added to nausea. If you have nausea due to headaches, you can be “saved” by a quiet, dark room and taking a drug prescribed by a neurologist.

Stress

Many have noticed how, with strong excitement and emotional arousal, they begin to feel nauseous. Once you calm down, breathe deeply, the adrenaline in the body decreases and the nausea goes away.

One of the symptoms of meningitis

Nausea is accompanied by a high temperature - from 38°C, photophobia, and a feeling of constriction in the occipital region.

Hypothyroidism – problems with the thyroid gland

Nausea may accompany you constantly, although not clearly expressed. There may be no appetite, but weight is still gained, a constant feeling of drowsiness, fatigue, cold in hot weather, and in some cases anemia is possible.

Pregnancy

Although there is an opinion that nausea is a frequent companion of almost all pregnant women, especially in the first trimester, this is not so. Not all pregnant women suffer from bouts of nausea. But if you're unlucky with this, there is consolation that by 12-13 weeks the nausea will leave you alone.

Tumors

Long lasting nausea and vomiting – characteristic symptom malignant tumor. Not only a tumor, but also a blockage, an inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract can cause an attack of nausea.

Eating sweet foods on an empty stomach can also cause nausea. In this case, eat a piece of some unsweetened fruit. Hunger

Although nausea is usually caused by a lack of appetite, hunger can also cause nausea due to a sharp drop in blood sugar levels.

In addition to describing the causes of nausea, there is also a division into types:

Types of Nausea

"Cerebral Nausea", the cause is brain disorders (atherosclerosis, hypertension, brain tumor). In almost all cases it is accompanied by an increase in intracranial and blood pressure.

"Toxic nausea"- due to poisoning with food or endogenous poisons.

"Exchange nausea"- a consequence of unbalanced nutrition, starvation diets, hypovitaminosis, diabetes, metabolic disorders.

"Vestibular nausea"- as a manifestation of neuroses. This type of nausea is often characteristic of women during pregnancy and menopause.

"Reflex nausea"- a consequence of active irritation of receptors, as well as inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract. Appears regularly after eating in general or consuming certain foods.

Nausea during pregnancy

If a pregnant woman is accompanied by nausea, then most often it appears in the morning, although it can be present constantly throughout the day until the evening. Some pregnant women react with nausea to strong odors.

The causes of nausea during pregnancy in almost all cases include:

The habit of eating unhealthy foods, both before pregnancy and during pregnancy, is unhealthy nutrition. Inflammatory processes in the genital organs. Stress, lack of sleep and excessive fatigue, problems with the endocrine system, colds.

If a pregnant woman reacts with a bout of nausea to a sharp or strong smell, this is simply a sign of a heightened sense of smell; there is nothing to be done about it.

Toxicosis and nausea of ​​pregnant women is, of course, not a disease. However, they can and must be dealt with, otherwise they can disrupt the normal course of pregnancy and harm the unborn child. And the harm is caused not so much by nausea as by vomiting, when useful substances are removed from the body.

The first thing a woman herself can do is switch to proper nutrition, which should be balanced, and if you really want to eat something that is not entirely healthy (chocolate, for example), then eat a piece, not the whole bar.

The second thing a pregnant woman’s environment can do is help get rid of all possible nausea provocateurs.

Most often, nausea occurs on an empty stomach (due to low blood sugar levels). Sometimes it is enough to eat something to fill your stomach at least a little, and the nausea goes away. But, unfortunately, this does not always help, so you can do something else:

Eat frequently (every two to three hours) and in portions the size of your palm. If a product is healthy, but it makes you sick, you don’t have to eat it. You should not drink while eating. It’s better to drink 30 minutes before meals or an hour after meals. Your movements should be smooth and unhurried; a sudden change in body position can cause nausea. Move, walk in the fresh air, give yourself more rest. Try to spend less time in crowded places and places where there may be strong odors. More positive emotions and less communication with negative people. Let your problems go for a walk, at least for a while. May the whole world wait while you are in such a wonderful state

If nausea comes to you in the morning, try, without getting out of bed, eat a piece of stale bread, a cracker or a dry cracker, as well as nuts, dried fruits or fresh fruits. Sometimes mint tea helps.

If, along with nausea during pregnancy, you suffer from dizziness, severe heartburn, fainting, sudden surges in blood pressure and excessive dry skin, consult your doctor.

Causes of nausea in children

Many parents mistakenly believe that their child cannot yet have health problems, because they experience nausea and vomiting only due to food poisoning. However, this is not the case.

Children may have increased intracranial pressure. Then nausea appears in the morning along with a headache. Vestibular apparatus - if there are problems with it, children experience nausea in transport. You should not feed such a child before the trip; sit him closer to the driver, ask him to look straight ahead and let him drink water from time to time. Stress. Children often feel sick if they are very scared, offended or feel guilty - this is how they try to isolate themselves from troubles. Breathing exercises or a simple paper bag can help here. Allergic reaction. Nausea - as a result of intolerance to any product. An allergist will help you determine which one. Excessive absorption of food. Nausea from overeating occurs frequently in children. If the child does not want to finish eating, then forget about the “clean plate society.” You will force him to finish eating, feel the pride of satisfying your parental will, and then the child will vomit... Dehydration. Children often, after playing and sweating, may feel an attack of nausea; immediately give them a drink of plain water, this will help relieve the attack.

How to get rid of nausea using folk remedies?

First of all, many people remember ammonia - it is inhaled through the nose. You can put a validol tablet under your tongue or suck on a mint candy. You can prepare this decoction: boil 250 ml of milk and put 1 tsp in it. nettle, boil over low heat for 5 minutes, take 1/3 of the broth immediately, and then drink 1 tbsp every two to three hours. this decoction until the nausea goes away. A decoction of ginger root helps many: chop it and pour in 300 ml of just boiled water, let it sit for a while until it cools to room temperature, and drink it in small sips. Collection of herbs will also help in the treatment of nausea: you need to take chamomile (2 tsp), rosemary (1 tsp) and sage (1 tsp), pour 500 ml of boiling water over them, 15-20 minutes. Infuse and drink in small sips every quarter of an hour. At the first signs of nausea, many people find it helpful when mixed with 0.5 tsp. table soda juice of 0.5 lemon. Or you can just mix 0.5 tsp. soda with 250 ml of warm water and drink in small sips. You can also try to get rid of nausea by drinking 15 drops of mint tincture dissolved in water. Peppermint is good for nausea in the form of an infusion: take dry mint leaves (1 tbsp), pour boiling water (250 ml) over them and let it steep for two hours. After which the infusion must be filtered. Use 1 tbsp three to four times a day.

As you understand, temporary attacks of nausea are not difficult to get rid of. However, if nausea is constantly and painfully haunting you, consult a doctor, he will be able to determine the causes of nausea and the best option for its treatment. There is no point in enduring this condition patiently. It is much easier to cope with such a relatively “mild” symptom of disorders in the body as nausea before this disorder develops into a serious problem.

Be healthy!

Vomiting is a protective reaction of the body, which occurs when poisoning with food or various substances. Nausea and vomiting during poisoning cause a severe physical and emotional state in the patient, and therefore require assistance. To alleviate the condition of the victim, it is necessary to carry out a number of medical procedures that help stop the urge.

Causes of vomiting

Severe intoxication in humans can be caused by several hundred different substances, as well as various microbes and bacteria. The initial stage of the disease is characterized by nausea and vomiting, followed by migraine, general weakness, diarrhea and high fever. Vomiting in this case is a response of the immune system, in this way the body tries to get rid of toxic substances. If the attacks are not very frequent, then it is not worth stopping with medications.

In case of any manifestations of poisoning, you should immediately go to the hospital. Only a doctor can correctly diagnose, prescribe adequate treatment and monitor changes in a person’s condition.

Many toxic substances can cause intoxication, but the most common causes of uncontrollable vomiting are:

Medicines that were used uncontrollably and in high dosages. Expired food products or low quality products that do not have sealed packaging. Spirits purchased from questionable places or unlicensed alcohol. Vapors of toxic substances. Chemicals that are found in every home are detergents and cleaning products. Carbon monoxide. Narcotic drugs. Pesticides that are used to control insects and rodents in the national economy.

All these substances have an aggressive effect on the stomach and cause a gag reflex..

Signs of poisoning

All intoxication can be divided into two types - acute and chronic. Acute poisoning occur due to the simultaneous intake of a toxic component, develop rapidly and cause severe damage to organs and body systems. In case of chronic poisoning, a person receives a harmful substance in doses, its doses are very small, due to this, the acute phase of intoxication is not observed.

All types of poisoning are characterized by similar symptoms:

persistent nausea that prevents a person from sleeping; indomitable vomiting of gastric juice and food debris; increased salivation, sometimes the patient does not have time to swallow saliva, and it flows down in a thin stream; pain in the stomach and intestines; dizziness and unbearable migraine; fainting and confusion; drop in blood pressure; temperatures above 39 degrees; chills; heart rhythm disturbance.

The victim may feel nauseous for a long time - this is a consequence of a malfunction of the digestive system. In this condition, the patient requires medical assistance. The symptoms gradually subside and after a week the only reminders of poisoning will be flatulence, abdominal pain and general weakness.

Urgent help for vomiting

If in case of poisoning there is uncontrollable vomiting, a number of measures listed below can alleviate the unpleasant condition:

Gastric lavage. To do this, use weak solutions of table salt, soda or activated carbon. Washing can only be performed in case of food poisoning, drug poisoning and poisoning. plant substances. If a person cannot perform rinsing, he is simply given a solution of activated carbon to drink at the rate of one tablet per 10 kg of body weight. Colon lavage. To do this, use lightly salted water or dissolve it in water. pharmaceutical drug rehydron. Give any adsorbents that are in the house. They help neutralize toxins and quickly remove them from the body. The patient is placed comfortably and covered warmly, this is especially true during chills. The head should be turned slightly to avoid choking on vomit. You can place a warm heating pad on the stomach area to help relax your abdominal muscles. At high temperatures, it is necessary to give the patient antipyretic tablets. Syrups and suspensions contain dyes and flavors that should not be consumed if you have an irritated stomach.

Gastric lavage is performed until the lavage waters become completely clean..

Treatment of young children should only be carried out in a hospital, under the supervision of qualified medical personnel!

When is it prohibited to induce vomiting?

Inducing vomiting is prohibited in case of poisoning with the following toxic substances:

Acids and alkalis, as well as detergents and cleaning products used in everyday life. Gasoline or diesel fuel. Antifreeze.

In these cases The stomach can be washed only through a large-diameter tube, this is usually performed by health workers. Otherwise, inducing vomiting may cause further damage to the esophagus, vocal cords, and oral mucosa.

If there is even the slightest suspicion of a perforation of the stomach, then performing any manipulations at home is strictly prohibited, this will lead to aggravation of the situation,

The feasibility of using medications to stop vomiting

A person whose vomiting and nausea does not go away after poisoning often wonders what to drink to stop this unpleasant process. It is worth taking medications that stop the urge to vomit only if vomiting occurs too often and is very exhausting for the sick person. If vomiting has occurred several times, taking pills is not advisable., so the body quickly cleanses itself of toxins.

When it is not possible to get rid of nausea and vomiting with the help of adsorbents, you can give the patient a mezim tablet, which will help digest the remaining food in the stomach and alleviate the condition. For indomitable vomiting, cerucal or its derivatives are also used.

All medications can only be used after consultation with a doctor. The severity of the disease, concomitant diseases and contraindications should be taken into account.

Possible complications from repeated vomiting

A person who is vomiting uncontrollably may become severely dehydrated, which will then be expressed by the following changes in the body:

there is a malfunction in the genitourinary system; in women of childbearing age, the menstrual cycle is disrupted; chronic jaundice begins; possible pancreatitis; stomach diseases develop; Severe dehydration impairs the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

To prevent complications, the victim must be given first aid quickly. The task of loved ones and doctors is to relieve nausea, which provokes vomiting, as quickly as possible.

Recovery period after poisoning with vomiting

Many patients wonder what to do after vomiting, how to eat properly and what to pay special attention to? The first step to a speedy recovery will be dietary, fractional meals. On the first day after the onset of intoxication, the patient is not fed at all., he is given a lot of small amounts to drink. The diet then looks like this:

from the second day they begin to introduce viscous porridges, mashed potatoes, baked apples and crackers. Food should not be flavored with oil, since the stomach is still very weak; from the third day, second broths, from chicken or veal, and eggs are introduced into the diet; Then you can gradually include low-fat milk in your diet. It is usually added to porridges.

Throughout the entire rehabilitation period the patient should consume several glasses of bifidokefir per day. This healing drink contains beneficial bacteria that help quickly restore the imbalanced balance in the body. In addition, constant consumption of fermented milk drink improves appetite.

Even after complete recovery, a patient who has had poisoning with vomiting should be observed by his doctor. The age of the victim determines what kind of doctor, pediatrician or therapist he will be. After a certain period of time, it is advisable to undergo tests that will show whether there are inflammatory processes in the body.

Recurrent symptoms - nausea with vomiting, usually referred to as dangerous pathologies in the body requiring emergency care.

Causes of frequent nausea and vomiting

Persistent nausea may indicate progression dangerous disease. Frequent attacks of vomiting can occur due to smell, taste, and they pose a threat of dehydration. In this case, the process occurs quite quickly.

The causes are usually problems with the functioning of the digestive system. In case of food poisoning, vomiting is accompanied by severe abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever.

When diagnosing the cause, it is necessary to establish the time of development of the ailment. If nausea occurs immediately after eating, there is probably a digestive problem: gastritis, ulcers, stomach pathology.

Nausea with frequent vomiting occurs due to diseases of the gallbladder and liver.

In any case, measures should be taken, because prolonged vomiting will provoke a severe disruption of metabolic processes, acid-base balance, and loss of minerals required for the normal functioning of tissues and organs.

Such a weakened state ultimately leads to the development of paralysis, impaired consciousness, convulsions, and dysfunction of the kidneys, heart muscle, and brain.

Diseases that cause frequent vomiting

Usually such symptoms provoke illness. In addition to nausea and vomiting, they are characterized by other signs that make it possible to identify disorders and carry out timely treatment.

Biliary dyskinesia

May cause constant nausea. Dyskinesia leads to gallbladder dysfunction, bile outflow worsens, and occurs more often in women. It is provoked by constant stress, hormonal problems and large quantities of junk food. This disease can be caused by helminthic infestation. In addition to incessant nausea with frequent bouts of vomiting, there is pain in the right hypochondrium and the following ailments:

• belching;
• constant fatigue;
• nervousness;
• frequent heartbeat.

Eating fatty, fried foods only worsens the symptoms. In men, dyskinesia is accompanied by a decrease in libido.

The disease is asymptomatic for a long time with periodic exacerbations. Treatment consists of normalizing the diet, taking medications, vitamins and probiotics. If the disorder is caused by worms - anthelmintic therapy.

It is also the cause of periodic vomiting, its development is caused by the following factors:

• alcohol addiction;
• gallstone disease;
• long-term use of certain medications;
• operations.

Pancreatitis is characterized by an acute inflammatory process in the pancreas. It provokes nausea with vomiting, which contains bile. In addition to these symptoms, flatulence and severe abdominal pain develop. The skin turns pale, and during acute attack takes on an earthy hue. At the stage of exacerbation, painkillers are prescribed - Baralgin, Promedol, and antihistamines - Tavegil, Suprastin, and protein drugs are also indicated.

Hepatitis

When it develops, the first signs can be confused with the flu - pain, loss of appetite, nausea with bouts of vomiting, fever up to 38 °C, persistent weakness.

Often there is a feeling of discomfort and pain on the right under the ribs. Therapy consists of taking medications prescribed by a doctor in accordance with the form of hepatitis, organizing proper nutrition and a routine of work and rest.

The main causes of the disease: insufficient adherence to personal hygiene rules, unwashed vegetables and fruits, contact with a sick person.

Inflammation of the gastric mucosa. It can easily be confused with gastritis or an ulcer based on its symptoms. Against the background of gastroduodenitis, a disorder of the duodenum sharply manifests itself. Symptoms depend on the form of the lesion, the main signs are:

• constant fatigue;
• headache;
• apathy;
• sleep problems;
• pale skin.

During an exacerbation, the nausea is especially severe and the stomach hurts. The disease lasts a long time and requires integrated approach in treatment. With it, you need to follow the prescribed diet, take prescribed antispasmodics, enzymes, antacids, and multivitamin complexes.

Gastritis and stomach ulcers

These diseases have similar symptoms and causes. In the absence of proper treatment measures, gastritis turns into an ulcer. The initial reasons are poor diet and non-compliance with the regime. People with mucous membranes susceptible to inflammation are susceptible to diseases.

Severe constant nausea is the first symptom of the pathology, periodically vomiting, appetite worsens, stool is disrupted, a persistent feeling of thirst appears, severe belching, cramping pain in the stomach area.

After diagnosis, the doctor prescribes medications and discusses nutritional principles.

Problems with metabolic processes and stagnation of bile provoke the formation of stones in the gall bladder. The disease does not manifest itself sufficiently for quite a long time, accompanied by nausea with belching, bloating and periodic problems with stool. Sometimes there is pain in the right hypochondrium.

In the first stages of the disease, you should exercise regularly, change your diet, and give up alcohol and smoking.

To stimulate bile, phenobarbital drugs are prescribed, and, if necessary, surgery.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane in the small and large intestines. Constant nausea and frequent vomiting- a symptom of this disorder. This occurs due to digestive problems and indigestion. Acute forms can be combined with gastritis.

If enterocolitis is not treated, it becomes chronic, which provokes permanent digestive disorders. Acute forms of the disease are treated with a water-tea diet, including porridge with water and rice water. Infectious forms require a course of antibiotics.

Proper nutrition and following all doctor’s recommendations will help you achieve remission.

If timely treatment is not carried out, helminthiasis will cause complications that affect the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

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At the first signs of infection, get tested for helminthiasis. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, you will be prescribed appropriate medications. In the future, preventive measures must be observed to prevent relapse.

What to do about symptoms

To carry out therapy comprehensively, you need to eliminate the cause itself. Depending on the disease, choose medications and traditional medicine. Be sure to consult a doctor, only he will select a treatment that will truly quickly and effectively eliminate the disease.

If you vomit severely and for a long time, 2-3 hours, you need to refuse food, drink a lot and call an ambulance.

In case of frequently recurring attacks, completely eliminate spicy, salty, fried and fatty foods from the diet. These dishes and products will only worsen the condition. Drink more warm water - at least 2 liters per day, this will speed up the elimination of toxins.

If the attacks do not go away, consult a gastroenterologist for diagnosis. Medicines such as Cerucal, Metoclopramide can quickly eliminate bouts of vomiting; the number and time of taking tablets is prescribed by the doctor. The following groups of drugs are also indicated against vomiting:

1. Adsorbent medications – Smecta, Enterosgel, Polysorb. These products are able to attract toxins, removing them from the body, thereby cleansing it.
2. The tranquilizer Diazepam helps to carry out complex treatment of vomiting, has a calming effect on the body, and does not cause drowsiness.
3. Regidron saline solution prevents dehydration and loss of minerals.
4. Antibiotics – Amoxiclav, Erythromycin, Levomycetin. Prescribed for infectious nature of nausea and vomiting.
5. Neuroleptics - have a sedative effect, similar in effect to tranquilizers.

Before using any medications, consult a specialist so as not to cause additional complications.

Folk remedies

For such treatment at home, herbal decoctions are suitable:

• A collection of lemon balm, valerian and mint in equal proportions. Pour a tablespoon of the mixture into a glass of boiling water and drink a little throughout the day.
• Collection of dill and chamomile in equal proportions. Prepare similarly to the previous one.

These remedies will help get rid of stomach spasms, relieve nausea, and prevent vomiting.

Also, as a drink, water with lemon, orange juice, or green tea relieves nausea.

Frequent nausea and vomiting that cannot be stopped is a great stress for any body; they provoke dehydration and threaten health. When such a condition develops, it is necessary urgent help doctors, self-medication will only aggravate the situation, causing progression of the primary disease.

Vomiting is a natural phenomenon in which the body cleanses itself of harmful substances. When a person vomits, he experiences discomfort and deterioration in health. The article will tell you how it affects your health and how to help yourself at home.

This is a reflex mechanism: it protects the body from poisoning and the absorption of toxic compounds into the blood. With constant nausea, your health worsens. It is not a disease, it is a symptom that has different character. In this case, a person may feel:

• Feeling nauseous;
• Dizziness;
• Severe weakness;
• Discomfort in the abdominal area;
• Possible diarrhea;
• Increased salivation;
• Sour taste in the mouth;
• Increased body temperature.

If the involuntary ejection of stomach contents is repeated once or twice, after nausea there is a feeling of relief, the body feels better, then the cause may be a spoiled product. Repeated, severe vomiting is a sign of pathology. A feeling of nausea may occur if there is:

• Disease of the digestive system. Inflammatory processes in the gallbladder (cholecystitis), pancreas (pancreatitis), duodenal ulcer, gastritis, lead to disruption of the normal functioning of the digestive processes.
• Diseases associated with mental disorders and stress. Infectious infection of the central nervous system (meningitis, encephalitis).
• Violation of the vestibular apparatus (motion sickness). A person feels sick in transport, with a sudden change in body position.
• Toxicosis in the first trimester in a pregnant woman, nausea is possible in the later stages.

Severe, continuous vomiting is very dangerous. Possible complications such as dehydration, fainting. Children become exhausted and lose water faster than adults. Pay attention to the contents that are removed from the stomach. The presence of bile and blood clots indicate serious problems and urgent medical intervention is required. To determine the source of nausea, it is necessary to undergo an examination by a doctor and undergo tests to make a diagnosis.

First aid

Feelings of nausea and the urge to vomit are provoked by various factors. To relieve vomiting, you need to do the following:

Home therapy

There are many ways to deal with vomiting at home. It is important to know the reason for the deterioration in health.

Help with food poisoning. In this case, it is not recommended to stop it immediately. Undigested food and harmful compounds are removed with the excreted masses. Afterwards it is worth doing a gastric lavage with a weak infusion of potassium permanganate and drinking water. If poisoning is accompanied by non-stop stomach eruptions, high fever, and dizziness, then call a doctor.

Activated carbon tablets are used for food poisoning. The drug prevents the absorption of toxic substances from the stomach, thereby neutralizing them. Activated carbon can be taken during pregnancy and childhood, if there are no allergic reactions to the drug. In case of poisoning, mineral water restores the water-salt balance in the body.

Treatment for gastrointestinal infections

If the cause of the illness is pathogenic microorganisms, then immediately perform gastric lavage. Thus, most of the pathogenic bacteria are removed from the body. Then take antiemetics.

Treat your baby carefully. A child's body is more susceptible than an adult. To achieve a positive result and recovery of the baby, consult your pediatrician. Use medications only with the permission of a doctor.

Traditional methods of treatment

It is convenient to use traditional methods of therapy at home. The following will help you feel better and suppress the feeling of nausea:

• Green tea with lemon. . Tones the body, helps prevent nausea, restores digestive processes.
• Ginger root. To relieve nausea, you can put a small piece of ginger on your tongue or brew tea with crushed root. A drink with ginger is a home helper in the fight against poor health. It is a choleretic and antispasmodic agent. , calm the stomach, relieve cramps.
• Chamomile flowers. Chamomile infusion - good antiseptic. In addition, drinking with medicinal plant has a calming, anti-inflammatory effect on the stomach.
• Potato juice. A tablespoon of raw potato juice can stop vomiting. The starch contained in potatoes quickly coats the walls of the stomach, thereby protecting the body from harmful compounds.
• Peppermint. Tea with mint leaves helps with nausea.
• Baking soda. A glass of water with the addition of a teaspoon of soda helps with uncontrollable vomiting, diarrhea, and nausea.

This method will help improve well-being and improve health, but is not a therapy for serious diseases. The source of the disease can be cured together with medications.

When to see a doctor urgently

If you ignore this symptom and bad feeling, this will lead to undesirable health consequences. Signs that are an alarming sign that require complex treatment:

• With severe pain in the abdominal area;
• The condition does not improve, the nausea does not go away;
• Discharged masses with bile, bloody spots;
• Nausea is accompanied by diarrhea;
• The stomach does not accept food, it has opened;
• High body temperature lasts all day, convulsions appear;
• Fainting;
• The child continues to vomit profusely.

It is necessary to treat the stomach after diagnosing the disease and consulting a doctor. Responding to symptoms promptly will help keep you healthy.