Home Smell from the mouth Allergies during pregnancy: what to do? Allergies in expectant mothers are unpleasant, but you can live. Allergies in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Smell from the mouth

Allergies during pregnancy: what to do? Allergies in expectant mothers are unpleasant, but you can live. Allergies in the first trimester of pregnancy.

There are several ways to treat allergies during pregnancy. First of all, it is necessary to get rid of the main symptoms that interfere with normal life. If you decide to use medications, you need to make sure that they do not have a negative impact on the child. You can start taking certain medications only after receiving a prescription from your doctor.

In the early stages of pregnancy, it is advisable to use any medications only when necessary. If you suffer from allergic reactions to the blooms of certain plants, you need to wash your clothes daily and thoroughly wash your shoes and other items. To completely get rid of contact with the allergen, you can use a medical mask. If you notice manifestations of allergic reactions in the first trimester of pregnancy, follow these steps:

Visit an allergist. It may be necessary to implement some diagnostic measures to identify the allergen. In some cases, blood is drawn, a skin test is performed, and the allergen is also identified by eliminating possible irritants.
It is necessary to relieve the main symptoms of allergies. In some cases, it is enough to strengthen the immune system and completely get rid of contact with the allergen. If these measures are not enough, it is necessary to select a medicine with a minimum number of contraindications, after consulting with your doctor.
Do not consume citrus fruits and chocolate in excessive quantities; it is advisable to avoid adding them to your food daily. Use cosmetics and hygiene products made exclusively on a natural basis. If possible, limit the time you use household chemicals.

What to do for allergic rhinitis?

To eliminate the manifestations of rhinitis, which appeared under the influence of allergens, you can use standard drops that help with a runny nose. During pregnancy, the most preferable are medicines containing sea salt.

Popular drugs:

Marimer And Aqua Maris(available in drop form).
Dolphin(a complex preparation containing medicinal plants and sea salt).
D Doctor Theiss Allergol(sold in a spray configuration, sea water is used as a base for its preparation).

Doctors often prescribe the following medications:

A drug	Image	Peculiarities
Pinosol		This medication contains mint and eucalyptus, which help not only get rid of the main symptoms of an allergic reaction, but also improve overall well-being
Prevalin		Available in spray form. After application, it forms a film, enveloping the mucous membrane. As a result, the impact of allergens is completely blocked
Salin		Comes in droplet configuration. The active ingredient is sodium chloride. This drug helps to quickly cleanse the mucous membranes

If, together with a runny nose, the allergy is manifested by lacrimation, symptoms similar to conjunctivitis, rinsing can be done. For this purpose, doctors often prescribe drops Innoxa. It is advisable to use preparations that contain only natural ingredients.

What to do if the allergy manifests itself as itching or rash?

For severe manifestations of allergies, doctors recommend using special ointments that help quickly get rid of dermatitis, rashes, and other negative symptoms. Used frequently Zinc ointment, allowing for short term eliminate rashes thanks to the drying effect. Similar action has Tsindol, which contains zinc oxide.

You can also use creams that contain extracts of beneficial plants. If you suffer from progressive atopic dermatitis, apply a small layer of these medications to the areas of the body where pathological formations are found.

On a note! Before using any medications, it is advisable to perform an allergy test. Apply the preparation to the back of the hand. If redness or other negative reactions do not appear, you can use the product.

Allergies to food or medications

This type of allergic reaction in most cases manifests itself as a rash or other skin disorders. To treat pathology, it is desirable to eliminate the allergen as quickly as possible, as well as to carry out proper cleansing of the entire body.

Use these medications:

Lactofiltrum;
Enterosgel.

If the allergy occurs suddenly and manifests itself in an excessively pronounced form, it is necessary to take any effective sorbent as quickly as possible. Most often used Activated carbon.

Tablets: features of use during pregnancy?

On this moment There are no medicines on sale that are completely harmless to a pregnant woman. In case of severe allergies, it is necessary to suppress as quickly as possible dangerous symptoms, so they can negatively affect not only the patient, but also the fetus. In this case, doctors decide to choose the safest drugs in a particular situation.

H1-histamine blockers

Completely block the functioning of histamine receptors, due to which they can eliminate allergic reaction. There are several medications from this group that can be used during pregnancy. Doctors select a specific drug depending on the severity of allergic reactions and the duration of pregnancy.

1st generation:

Diphenhydramine. It is practically not used during pregnancy, as it can negatively affect the activity of the uterus. If necessary, the doctor prescribes it exclusively in the second trimester.
Suprastin. Almost never used during pregnancy.
Tavegil. It is used if a serious need arises. Doctors prescribe this drug if other drugs do not help and there is no possibility of using them in a particular case.

2nd generation:

Claritin. It does not have a pronounced negative effect on the child’s body, but is characterized by a lot of contraindications for a pregnant woman. This drug is used only for severe allergic reactions that cannot be controlled with less dangerous means.
Terfenadine. It is highly effective in combating allergies, but can cause a decrease in fetal weight.

3rd generation:

Zyrtec. It is considered completely safe for both mother and baby when taken during pregnancy. When breastfeeding, it is advisable to avoid this medication, as its active ingredients may pass into breast milk.
Allertek. Used at any stage of pregnancy except the 1st trimester.

Corticosteroids

Presented in various forms release, the most popular of which are ointments and creams. Drugs in this group are effective due to the inhibition of Th-2 cytokines, which helps prevent the onset of an allergic reaction upon contact with an irritating substance.

On a note! Some of these drugs, including Dexamethasone, Metypred, can affect the deterioration of the functions of the immune system. Corticosteroids are used only if drugs from other groups do not have a positive effect.

Treatment with traditional methods

Traditional methods of treatment are usually used for visually noticeable symptoms of allergic reactions. They are characterized by a minimal amount side effects, allow you to get rid of itching and rashes without using drugs from the pharmacy.

Cough due to allergies

In order to get rid of this symptom, you can use inhalations with mineral water. Used frequently Borjomi, Narzan, Essentuki. After this event, you need to wait 60 minutes, then inhale using oils. Helps with allergies peach, olive, Eucalyptus oil.

On a note! It is not advisable to use decoctions made using medicinal herbs, since under the influence of plants, allergies can intensify.

Hives

To eliminate itching in a short time, use menthol or salicylic acid. Take a cotton pad and apply the product to the areas where you experience discomfort. In many cases negative symptoms completely eliminated within a few minutes.

If the itching does not go away when using the listed medications, you can use an infusion made from plantain And dill. To prepare it you will need 1 tbsp. l. dill seeds, the same part of crushed plantain leaves. The resulting mixture is added to 200 ml of boiling water. It is enough to leave the product for 2 hours, then apply to the affected areas.

Allergic dermatitis

In order to get rid of negative manifestations allergies, use a special tincture. It is made using sage, calendula And daisies. You can also add St. John's wort. It is enough to take the listed components 1 tbsp. l. and place in a glass of boiling water. Wait for the broth to cool. The resulting solution can be used 3 times a day as a rub.

An infusion made from chamomile flowers And calendula, plantain leaves. Prepare the listed components in a 1:1 ratio in a total amount of 4 tbsp. l. Place the resulting mixture in 500 ml of boiling water. The infusion can be used for applying compresses, as well as for wiping the skin.

Lotions are often used. A decoction made on the basis of oak bark. To prepare this medicinal substance you will need 100 g of crushed oak bark. Add this component to 1 liter of water and boil for 30 minutes. The infusion is used to apply compresses. It is also applied to the affected areas every day. Additionally, you can use an oil extract prepared from rose hips. Rosehip oil can be purchased at a pharmacy. The oil is consumed orally, 1 tsp. daily and is also suitable for external use.

Eczema

To get rid of this pathology, they often use cabbage leaves. They are used fresh to make dressings. The plant is applied to the affected areas of the skin. Make a new bandage every day. Continue treatment until allergy symptoms are completely eliminated. If you plan to use compresses, you will need crushed cabbage leaves and egg white. One protein will require 3 tbsp. l. mixtures.

To eliminate the symptoms of eczema, regularly apply an herbal extract to your skin. Helps great Apple vinegar , which must be mixed with water and egg in a 1:1:1 ratio. Compresses are also often made from these components. Helps eliminate symptoms of eczema Birch juice, which should be applied to the affected areas several times a day.

A series of allergies

If you regularly use a decoction of the string as compresses or rubs, you can get rid of not only redness or severe itching, but also relieve inflammatory reactions. To completely eliminate allergic reactions, you can use this medicinal plant for several weeks or months, as it has virtually no side effects.

On a note! If you are going to use this product for more than 5 months, you need to take a break for 2-3 months.

You can use an infusion from the series instead of drinking tea or coffee in the morning. To prepare it you will need a teaspoon of chopped herbs per glass of water. If you decide to fight allergies by rubbing the skin, make a simple solution using 3 tsp. leafy part of the plant per glass of boiling water.

Video - Taking medications during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Video - Allergies during pregnancy

Prevention of allergies during pregnancy

To avoid severe allergic reactions during pregnancy, it is advisable to take the following measures:

Do not contact animals. It is advisable to shift the responsibilities of caring for them to another family member.
Carry out wet cleaning daily. Use a vacuum cleaner that contains a water filter. Ventilate the rooms you are in constantly. Remove dust from household items at least 2 times a week. This way you can avoid developing an allergic reaction to dust mites.
Do not eat foods to which you have previously been identified as allergic.

If you have an allergy during pregnancy, you need to take a set of measures to eliminate it. To use correctly selected medications, you need to consult a doctor and take tests to identify the allergen. Using complex therapy You can get rid of allergies without harming your baby.

During pregnancy, various health difficulties are possible for many women, but usually these are such familiar manifestations as swelling or,. If, during the flowering period of plants, an itchy rash appeared on the body, or after eating new products, swelling appeared in the area of the face exclusively, moving to the neck - these are suspicious symptoms typical of. During pregnancy, this pathology is quite likely; it can occur even in those women who have not encountered it before pregnancy. This is due to changes in the immune system typical of gestation, due to which the mechanisms of response to external stimuli are disrupted, forming distorted and inflammatory processes in relation to certain reaction pathologies that are quite familiar in everyday life, food or therapy.

If the body reacts too sharply, with damage to its own tissues, to quite familiar substances - pollen, dust, wool, medications or food, this is called allergic reactions. And often they can cause significant harm during pregnancy if they are not properly treated and prevented, self-medicated, or simply tolerated without doing anything.

Why allergic reactions damage their own tissues and why such reactions are dangerous for pregnant women, let’s try to figure it out together, also discussing methods of proper treatment.

How important are allergies in pregnant women?

Everyone knows that taking pills during pregnancy is not advisable, but if you have allergies, sometimes you simply cannot do without them, although not all of them are allowed during pregnancy, even those that are usually used in traditional treatment(, tavegil, etc.). Allergy is a unique disease; it is associated with defects in the immune system, violations of its adequate response to external stimuli, due to which reactions are formed to substances that are quite familiar to the life and environment of a pregnant woman. Therefore, for allergy sufferers during pregnancy, problems can sharply worsen, take a more severe and pronounced course, and develop into serious complications. But even if there was no allergy before gestation, this is not insurance - its debut is quite likely during the period of gestation, if the expectant mother does not carry out adequate prevention and overloads the immune system.

note

During pregnancy, allergies negatively affect health as pathological process, but its pathogenic influence is also formed due to its incorrect and irrational treatment in different trimesters.

Today, according to statistics, about a quarter of adults suffer from allergies, and among them are pregnant women. Some environmentally and industrially unfavorable areas with a special climate, big cities increases the percentage of allergy sufferers to 40% and higher. On average, among pregnant women the percentage in different age groups ranges from 15 to 30% or a little more, and over the past 10 years, an eightfold increase in sick women has been observed.

How do allergies occur during pregnancy?

Allergies are usually understood as malfunctions or breakdowns immune mechanisms, a sharp change in her sensitivity to substances surrounding a person in everyday life that do not cause him harm - food, wool, household products, animals, etc. In allergy sufferers, they acquire the properties of allergens, form reactions of the immune system with damage to their own tissues and the formation of inflammation.

Provocateurs of “breakdowns” in the immune system are various factors, which affect the body from early childhood - unfavorable ecology, frequent colds and illness, poor nutrition, taking excess medications, contact with chemical compounds.

There are many women with allergies in cities with developed industry, large plants and factories that poison the atmosphere with chemical compounds. The prevalence of various chemicals in everyday life - for cleaning, for the beauty of the body and hair, as well as the addition of chemical compounds to food - preservatives, dyes, flavors, etc. adds to the treasury of allergy risks. All this overstimulates the immune system, causing it to work in a mode of excessive tension and constant readiness for reactions, and often there are breakdowns in reactions to compounds that are quite familiar in everyday life.

Allergies during pregnancy: definition of the concept

The immune system during pregnancy, it not only protects the mother’s body from the invasion of foreign and dangerous infectious or other objects, but is also designed to work in such a way as not to reject a fetus that is 50% foreign (due to the father’s genes). At the same time, it also needs to be protected from external dangers and infections. IN normal conditions the immune system recognizes foreign agents, forms antibodies on them, which neutralizes them, and in this already bound form removes them from the body without damaging its own tissues.

For allergies, the same ones work immune reactions, but at the same time, as a result of the neutralization and removal of foreign substances, one’s own cells and tissues suffer, the immune system works overtime, perceiving as danger not only infections or harmful substances, but also completely harmless ones that do not harm the body. They can also be perceived as foreign own tissues with allergens adhering to them - these are the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract or digestive system.

Allergic reactions during gestation can develop as an acute process, with vivid symptoms and a rapid course, or as chronic pathology, in which immune-allergic reactions last for many weeks and months. People most often suffer from allergies at a young age, between 18 and 30 years old, then the immune system gradually reduces its activity. Although in recent years there has been a trend toward the development of allergies among women after 30 years of age, they suffer from allergies 10 times more often than they did two decades ago.

Types of allergies during pregnancy

If we talk about all types of allergic reactions as a whole, then among pregnant women there are two divisions according to the strength of development, effect on the body and degree of danger: large groups reactions:

Mild forms, usually occurring locally or limited to a certain area of the body. These include allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, local manifestations of urticaria, contact dermatitis.
severe and systemic reactions leading to significant changes in a woman’s condition and threatening her health and even life. These include systemic urticaria, angioedema, anaphylactic shock, and attacks of bronchial asthma.

Mechanisms of reactions during gestation

During pregnancy in general, immune-allergic reactions do not differ in their mechanisms; there are three key stages in the formation of an allergic reaction. The beginning of all reactions – this is the stage of primary contact with the allergen when it first enters the body.

note

Allergens can be any of the substances - household, medicinal, chemical, biological compounds and cosmetics, pollen, microbes or viruses, etc.

The immune system starts the process of recognizing foreign agents, forming antibodies to these compounds, substances that neutralize a potential threat and remove them from the body. Antibodies are formed on the membranes of special immune cells (macrophages or mast cells) and can be stored inside the body for many years. These mast cells are formed in the area of mucous membranes and tissues, retaining the memory of all the allergens they have encountered.

During the initial contact of pregnant women with an allergenic substance, no reaction occurs; the immune system has only become familiar with the allergen and formed antibodies against it.

Second stage – these are repeated contacts of an allergen with the body of pregnant women, during which antigens (allergens) are released in the body and recognized by the immune system, with the selection of suitable antibodies for them on mast cells. When a complex is formed from an allergen with an antibody (to neutralize the danger), the mast cell is destroyed during allergies, its contents form special compounds that develop allergic reactions - these are histamine and its analogues, serotonin and other mediators of allergy and inflammation. Due to them, tissue damage occurs and the formation of an allergic reaction with all its delights - swelling, severe itching and tissue redness, malaise and systemic effects if histamine and its analogues are released into the blood plasma.

IN third stage all the effects inherent in allergies are formed - both rashes with itching and crusts, as well as tissue swelling, redness and other manifestations. Gradually, as contact with the allergen decreases and the reaction resolves, the inflammation goes away. And so on until the next time, repeated contact with the allergen. Depending on the localization of the reaction (where antibodies combine with allergens and the massive release of biologically active compounds), the severity of the reaction depends. They can be local - in the area of the skin or mucous membranes, bronchi, intestines or systemic reactions.

Allergy symptoms during pregnancy

During pregnancy, reactions may be similar to those in other people, with the only difference being that the severity and tolerability, as well as the treatment options for allergies in pregnant women are limited by their condition. May stand out:

Respiratory manifestations
Digestive reactions
Skin allergic processes
Systemic reactions.

Based on the speed of development, allergic reactions of the anaphylactic (or immediate) type can be distinguished and delayed reactions that form over several hours or days and do not go away for a long time.

Local allergic reactions

The most common manifestations, which can become extremely severe in terms of tolerability during gestation, can be considered (damage to the eyes and nasopharynx) as a result of contact with pollen, dust, aerosol chemicals and some other allergens.

Against the background of an allergic rhinitis, nasal breathing becomes sharply difficult due to swelling and swelling of the mucous membranes, strong discharge of mucus from the nose or its severe congestion. Against the background of swelling and runny nose, frequent and prolonged sneezing, itching or tickling of the nose, a feeling of congestion in the sinuses, irritation are also common. back wall throat and coughing, soreness. During pregnancy, problems with free nasal breathing can lead to hypoxia, ailments, and fetal suffering in utero from oxygen deficiency.

Damage to the mucous membranes of the eyes is similar to that of the nose; allergens enter the surface of the mucous membranes and cause acute inflammatory reactions with redness of the eyelids and their sharp swelling, dilation of the vessels of the tunica albuginea, which forms red eyes. Itching with burning in the eyes, severe lacrimation and the formation of crusts on the eyelashes in the morning are typical; photophobia is possible in bright light - the eyes hurt in bright light and the secretion of mucus increases.

It is possible that upon contact with allergens, the formation of skin lesions in the form of localized forms and other types of rash. These include small itchy spots, blisters followed by the formation of crusts, round blisters raised at the edges and without content, spots on the skin and other elements. They are unpleasant and can be subjectively difficult for the expectant mother to bear, but they do not pose a threat to her life and the fetus; they can be treated with local therapy and preventive measures, separation from the allergen.

Systemic reactions during pregnancy

Unlike local reactions, systemic manifestations are much more dangerous in terms of prognosis for the mother and fetus, they are severe allergic reactions and occur with the involvement of many organs and tissues, a sharp impairment of the condition and a risk to life without timely assistance. With such reactions, systemic therapy and resuscitation are often required to save the lives of both.

Anaphylactic shock during pregnancy

The most dangerous of allergic reactions during pregnancy is considered due to its unpredictability and speed of onset.

Most often it is formed during intramuscular or intravenous injections, use during dental treatment or other manipulations, and leads to symptoms such as:

A sharp drop in blood pressure to unrecorded numbers
State of stupefaction
Severe respiratory distress due to laryngeal edema
Skin rash and itching
, and vomiting.

The development of shock is extremely rapid, often occurring within a couple of minutes from the moment the drugs are administered. Often it can also form due to stinging insect bites or food intake, as well as some other types of allergens. Although such reactions are rare, they require immediate resuscitation measures and there is no more than a few minutes to save the lives of pregnant women.

The effect of allergies during pregnancy on the fetus

Against the background of allergic reactions of a pregnant woman, no matter what type they may be, the same allergic reactions do not form in the fetus, which is associated with the active activity of the placenta in filtering allergens that enter the mother’s body and antibodies that are formed to various types allergens.

The allergen and antibody complexes circulating in the blood do not penetrate into the fetal body, which lead to the triggering of negative reactions. It is due to these complexes and mediators released by immune cells that systemic or local reactions are formed.

But the conclusions that the fetus does not suffer from allergic processes developing in the mother’s body are incorrect; such reactions are no less dangerous for him than for his mother. So, he suffers from the action of several negative factors formed against the background of allergic reactions:

Change in general condition pregnant due to the formation of itching and anxiety, agitation and irritability, malaise and systemic reactions, dysfunctions.
Disturbances in the blood supply to the uterus and placenta with the fetus due to blood redistribution against the background of allergic reactions.
He may also be harmed by taking medications.

It is important to know that some of the drugs used to treat or prevent the formation of excessive sensitivity of the immune system can lead to significant disturbances in the uteroplacental vascular system with circulatory disorders. Due to the full operation of this system, the continuous development of the fetus, active growth and formation of organs and tissues will be supported in conditions of deficiency of nutritional components and oxygen. Some medications can directly penetrate the placenta and negatively affect the formation processes of the fetus, its tissues and organs, leading to negative effects . Therefore, treatment of allergies in pregnant women is a rather complex issue, especially in initial period gestation.

Principles of treatment of allergies during pregnancy

Even if the allergy is local and mild, it requires compulsory treatment due to the fact that there is always a risk of reactions progressing to more severe and widespread manifestations against the background of changes in the immune system during pregnancy.

All allergic reactions should be treated immediately after they occur, but the drugs and methods are very different from those outside of gestation.

Adverse reactions to medications used in treatment and their effect on the fetus are quite likely, so it is important to treat allergies only under the supervision of a gynecologist and allergist.

Targeted and thorough treatment is especially important for women with somatic pathologies and health conditions that require targeted observation and constant monitoring, and the use of medications. Some of the drugs constantly taken during pregnancy can cause allergic reactions and intolerance, and some act as provocateurs of other types of allergies - even to mineral and vitamin supplements and nutrition. That's why If an allergy manifests itself or is indicated before pregnancy, a consultation with an allergist, a treatment plan and various preventive measures are necessary.

Antiallergic drugs during pregnancy

The main medications used for allergies are those that block the release of mediators mast cells at the time of formation of antigen-antibody complexes. But many of the common drugs, well-known and widely used, are prohibited during gestation due to their negative side effects on the mother and fetus.

For example, a drug such as diphenhydramine leads to sharp excitability and contractility of the uterine walls during pregnancy, which provokes premature birth; this is most dangerous against the background of its long-term use. In addition, it has a pronounced sedative effect and addiction.

All drugs with terfenadine basically lead to a negative effect on the body weight of the fetus, forming its malnutrition.

The use of Cetrin or is permissible from the second trimester and only if there is a risk of allergy that exceeds the potential effects on gestation. The use of Tavegil is permissible according to vital signs from the second trimester and only in extremely short courses.

Choose medications from a wide variety antihistamines It is not easy, and this should be done by a doctor, based on the severity of the reaction, its prevalence and the timing of pregnancy. The use of these drugs does not treat allergies, but only suppresses those reactions that occur against its background, so antihistamines alone will not be enough. Depending on the woman’s condition, the doctor can use both local and systemic forms of drugs, up to hormone therapy, if there is strong vital evidence for this.

What is important when treating allergies in pregnant women?

Curing an allergy will be possible only by disconnecting from the allergen, as long as it continues to be in contact with the woman’s body; no medications will permanently and effectively eliminate the reaction. Therefore, if you know what you are allergic to, you need to eliminate this substance from your environment as much as possible, and if there is no information about the allergen, it is necessary to conduct research that will help identify allergens:

Skin (scarification) tests with the application of skin scratches and their treatment with solutions of specified allergens. Ineffective during pregnancy and often give false results
Blood tests, carried out in a laboratory, give accurate results, especially in combination with examination data and other laboratory indicators.

Only accurate identification of a specific substance and its removal from food, everyday life, or treatment leads to lasting results.

If it is not possible to remove the allergen from environment, for example, if it is pollen or weed dust, for the duration of the allergy you can move to a village, another city or country house to eliminate contact with the allergen.

If this is not possible, protective film sprays are used on the nasal mucosa, which reduce the severity of the reaction when going outside. In addition, the use of nasal rinses, wearing a protective mask, walking in rain and windless weather is recommended.

For the purpose of prevention, antihistamines are not used; they are indicated only for treatment. During therapy, it is necessary to create a hypoallergenic lifestyle and proper nutrition for allergies, which is important for reducing the antigenic load on a woman’s body and the negative impact on the fetus.

Alena Paretskaya, pediatrician, medical columnist

Select a category Allergic diseases Symptoms and manifestations of allergies Diagnosis of allergies Treatment of allergies Pregnant and lactating Children and allergies Hypoallergenic life Allergy calendar

Pregnancy affects all processes and systems in the body expectant mother. The immune system also undergoes serious changes: the number, percentage and activity of leukocytes change, hormonal levels change, and immunosuppression occurs. This can lead to disruptions in the functioning of the immune system, including the emergence of new or worsening of old allergies in pregnant women.

Nowadays, up to 30% of pregnant women suffer from allergies; most often the disease develops between the ages of 18 and 24 years.

Thus, sometimes allergies can be regarded as one of the first signs of pregnancy.

However, during pregnancy, the production of cortisol increases, a hormone with an antiallergic effect that suppresses the development of an allergic reaction, so that in some cases the disease, on the contrary, may disappear or become milder.

Allergies during pregnancy - a double threat

As a rule, allergies do not often appear for the first time during pregnancy. Most women have a clear idea of “their” allergens and the manifestations of the disease, but there may be exceptions. Pregnancy acts as a catalyst that aggravates the problem. Therefore, it is important to think about the possibility of allergies and its treatment.

Diagram: Where allergens can lie in wait for a pregnant woman

During this period, a woman’s immune system works, as they say, “for wear and tear,” so the reaction to a particular cosmetic product or food product can be unpredictable.

Allergies in pregnant women can occur with varying degrees gravity. For convenience, they are divided into 2 groups. The first includes mild symptoms:

Allergic rhinitis accompanied by serous discharge from the nasal cavity, a feeling of nasal congestion, and sneezing.
Conjunctivitis Due to allergies, it manifests itself as increased lacrimation, fear of light, and redness of the cornea. Allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis often occur simultaneously.
Urticaria, allergic dermatitis. Manifestations contact dermatitis is the appearance of a rash on the stomach, back or chest area. Dermatitis is manifested by swelling of the skin, itching, and redness. Urticaria in appearance resembles a “burn” from stinging nettle cells.

The second group includes systemic reactions (reactions affecting the entire body) with a severe course:

Quincke's edema(swelling of the eyelids, lips, tongue, trachea), called “giant urticaria,” is manifested by sudden swelling of the mucous membranes and subcutaneous fatty tissue in the face and neck. Particularly dangerous is swelling of the trachea and larynx, which can lead to serious breathing problems.
Anaphylactic shock manifested by impaired consciousness, a sharp drop in blood pressure. If the woman is not helped, she may die.

These are immediate type allergic reactions. With delayed-type allergies, the allergen accumulates in the body (often a delayed-action allergy develops against the background of several allergens).

An immunocomplex reaction may be one of the causes of glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases.

Allergies during pregnancy - impact on the fetus

Photo: Baby in the womb. Remember, everything you do affects your baby. You should be careful when treating allergies during pregnancy and not precipitate the disease.

Allergies are particularly dangerous in first trimester of pregnancy, since the organs, systems and tissues of the fetus are in their infancy, and the placenta with its protective functions is not yet fully formed.

In second And third trimesters the allergy does not have a negative effect on the fetus, since the fully formed placenta does not allow antigens to pass through. But a pregnant woman’s poor health and depressed morale can negatively affect the child’s health.

A predisposition to allergies can be inherited: if the mother is sick, the probability of transmission to the child is 40%, if the father is sick, then 20%, if both parents are 70%.

In addition, allergic reactions can threaten the life of the expectant mother, and uncontrolled use of antihistamines can cause fetal malformations and premature termination of pregnancy. When taking medications on your own, it is impossible to accurately answer the question “Will the baby suffer?” Therefore, you should consult an allergist and gynecologist about what and in what doses should be taken to treat allergies.

Diagnosis of allergies during pregnancy

Photo: Allergy during pregnancy on the stomach, accompanied by itching

Diagnosis includes a blood test for allergies, namely:

total level of lgE antibodies,
blood screening for allergens, determining specific antibodies,
skin tests,
anamnesis collection,
Keeping a food diary if you suspect a food allergy.

The doctor should know about the patient’s situation in order to prescribe the optimal diagnostic methods for her.

How to treat allergies during pregnancy

Treatment of allergies in pregnant women is quite varied. Below we will describe what you can take to get rid of the main symptoms of allergies.

Remember that the main task of drugs during this exciting period is to safely and effectively eliminate allergic symptoms without the risk of negative effects on the fetus. Medicines should be used with extreme caution and only as prescribed by a doctor.

Treatment of allergies during pregnancy in the 1st trimester

It is not advisable to use any medications during this period.

If you are allergic to flowers, it is advisable to wash your clothes and shoes after each walk. If it is impossible to avoid contact with the allergen, you should wear a medical mask.

For allergic rhinitis

Nasal drops that are used for common runny nose, help well with allergic rhinitis.

Products containing sea salt are considered the best for pregnant women.

Among them:

Drops Marimer And Aqua Maris;
Complex "Dolphin" With sea salt and herbs;
Spray Dr. Theiss Allergol sea water

In addition to the above, you can use:

Pinosol— contains extracts of mint and eucalyptus, which improve well-being in case of allergic rhinitis.
Spray Prevalin— forms a thin foam on the mucous membrane, blocking allergens.
Drops Salin- basic active substance- sodium chloride. Helps cleanse the nasal cavity.

Conjunctivitis, lacrimation

Suitable for washing eyes blue drops Innoxa, which contain only natural substances

Itching, rash, peeling

Photo: Zinc ointment (photo enlarges by clicking)

A good remedy are ointments, they will help get rid of skin allergies during pregnancy - rash, skin dermatitis. Eg, zinc ointment has a pronounced drying effect.

A suspension can be used in the same way. Tsindol containing zinc oxide.

A good option is creams that contain extracts medicinal plants. For atopic dermatitis, applying a thin layer to the affected areas helps a lot. Physiogel A.I.

Before use, be sure to perform an allergy test on a small area of skin. If redness does not appear, the drug can be used

Food and drug allergies - body cleansing

This type of allergy is most often characterized by urticaria and other skin rashes. The first step is to eliminate the allergen from consumption, and then cleanse the body. This will help:

Lactofiltrum;
Enterosgel.

At severe allergies accompanied by itching or peeling, in the first days you should take a double dose of any sorbent, for example, activated carbon.

The dose is calculated as follows:

1 tablet per 5 kg of person’s weight.

Use 2-3 times a day for 1-2 days. Then the usual dose returns - 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight.

Can I take allergy pills during pregnancy?

What allergy pills can pregnant women take? — The answer to the question can only be given by the attending physician

As for antihistamines, unfortunately, there are no drugs that are completely safe for a pregnant woman. Let's consider how to treat allergies during pregnancy, what antihistamines can on the recommendation of the attending physician be used during this period, and which are completely prohibited.

You should take into account the indications and contraindications of antihistamines in order to choose the right way to treat allergies in pregnant women, especially in severe cases.

Attention!

You should only take medications prescribed by a doctor, since many medications can negatively affect the course of pregnancy and the process of fetal development, and a specialist is able, based on all the data collected during the diagnostic process, to prescribe a safe and effective course of treatment.