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Microangiopathy of the brain symptoms of stuffy ears. What is cerebral microangiopathy? How the disease develops

Microangiopathy of the brain, what is it? Microangiopathy is a disease in which capillaries are affected and pathological changes in their structure actively develop.

The body of every person is penetrated by many vessels. All of them are one system, which allows the body to be saturated with oxygen and receive vital nutrients. But what happens if the capillaries are affected? What pathological changes can such a lesion lead to in the brain?

As practice shows, manifestations of such a process can begin in any organ. The most dangerous is cerebral microangiopathy, in which the supply of oxygen and glucose to parts of the brain is disrupted. Due to the appearance of the “starvation” syndrome, irreversible processes of disturbances begin in all parts of the brain. The consequence of such violations is always adhesions or scars, which will subsequently pose a threat to human life.

Why might a person develop cerebral microangiopathy?

Microangiopathy of the brain does not develop in one day. Pathological processes sometimes take a significant period of time, while the patient exhibits symptoms to which he does not attach importance.

The most common reasons brain pathology are:

smoking and alcohol;
previous injuries;
harmful working conditions;
pathology endocrine system, in particular diabetes mellitus;

increased blood clotting;
infectious diseases;
neoplasms in the brain;
hypertonic disease;
disturbances in liver function;
various diseases of the urinary tract;
advanced age;
long fasts, exhausting diets, complete refusal of protein foods.

Any of the above reasons always leads to increased collagen production. It has a detrimental effect on capillaries, increasing the thickness of the vessel wall. A thick wall is a barrier to the proper metabolic process and an ideal environment for the formation of foci of gliosis.

Clinical picture of the disease

Microangiopathy of the brain is a process that develops over several months. Many people do not take the first signs of pathology seriously, so they self-medicate and take painkillers. Over time, the signs of microangiopathy become more pronounced, and patients begin to consult a doctor for help.

Most often, the disease is accompanied by the following symptoms:

headache;
visual impairment;

numbness or discomfort in the lower extremities;
astheno-neurotic syndrome. Such patients become irritable, their sleep is disturbed, a feeling of constant exhaustion appears, and their performance decreases;
often this disease accompanies depressive syndrome;
as soon as microangiopathy of the brain affects a large number of parts, a person’s memory may deteriorate sharply;
These pathologies are characterized by hemorrhagic syndrome. Patients develop blood clots in their urine and sputum. The most dangerous is hemorrhage in the medulla or membranes of the brain.

All manifestations of the disease, their nature and intensity depend on the area of the brain where the pathological changes occurred.

Diagnostic measures

Treatment of this disease always begins with diagnosis. This feature is due to the fact that the same symptoms are characteristic of many ailments. Only full examination, collecting anamnesis will allow you to correctly establish a diagnosis and draw up a treatment plan.

At the first suspicion of the presence cerebral microangiopathy, the patient is offered to undergo the following diagnostic tests:

General blood analysis. It will provide information about the functioning of all internal organs and help diagnose oncological formations, if any.
Blood chemistry. In it the doctor will give Special attention lipid spectrum.
Blood test for clotting.

Dopplerography of blood vessels. This study makes it possible to see areas of narrowing of blood vessels, possible blockages or pathological changes.
Examination by an ophthalmologist. It will allow you to establish or refute the syndrome caused by eye disease.
MRI or CT.

Any of these techniques allows you to study tissues and parts of the brain, see the vascular network, detect pathologies, areas where dramatic changes have occurred.

Drug Treatment Options

Treatment of cerebral microangiopathy is mainly carried out using conservative therapy. The treatment regimen is always complex, its direct purpose is to eliminate symptoms, syndrome and stop pathological processes in parts of the brain.

Most often, treatment regimens for this disease include the following drugs:

Vazonit, Pentoxifylline. They can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly at the initial stage of treatment. Subsequently, these drugs are taken orally;
Cinnarizine, Nimodipine. The main purpose of these drugs is to relax the walls of blood vessels and reduce the concentration of calcium in the cells.
Galidor. This drug stimulates blood flow in the vessels of the brain.
Nicergoline. Its main purpose is to reduce blood pressure. At the initial stage of treatment, it is better to administer the drug intramuscularly, and subsequently you can switch to oral administration.

Since the pathological process, which has already begun in the vessels, cannot be completely blocked, doctors recommend, after diagnosis and a course of treatment, taking certain medications that will maintain normal blood flow in parts of the brain.

Nootropil.
Piracetam.
Citicoline.

All these drugs are taken in courses of 1-2 months with a break of 3-4 months.

Alternative medicine, nutrition rules

As practice shows, drug therapy can be supplemented with non-traditional ones, but only after consultation with the attending physician.

They help restore blood circulation in the vessels of the brain and the whole body very well:

massage;
physiotherapy;
pool;
acupuncture;
physiotherapy.

Any of the listed options helps improve a person’s general condition and increase conductivity in areas of gliosis. Unfortunately, advanced forms of cerebral microangiopathy are treated only surgically. It is worth paying special attention to your diet.

fatty meats;
fatty fish;
salo;
roast.

After diagnosing the disease, all doctors recommend immediately quitting smoking and alcohol. An optimally designed menu should alternate with fasting days. For this disease, it is recommended to do fasting days 1-2 times a week.

Traditional medicine cannot treat cerebral microangiopathy; you can only use a number of recipes that will help relieve unpleasant symptoms diseases. Before using any of these recipes, you should consult your doctor!

To improve the elasticity of blood vessels, you can drink 3 tbsp every morning. spoons of olive oil.
A remedy made from honey, lemon juice and vegetable oil. All these components are mixed in equal proportions, and ready-made product eat 1 teaspoon in the morning on an empty stomach.
Memory impairments will go away in a short period of time if you drink juice from 1 potato every morning.
The following tincture helps a lot if taken as a preventative course. To prepare, you will need 1 lemon and a head of garlic. All components are grated, mixed and poured with half a liter of water. Infuse medicine due within 4 days. After this, it is taken 2 tbsp. spoons every morning.
If the symptoms of the disease are accompanied by dizziness or tinnitus, then a decoction of lemon balm will help to cope with them. It is drunk once a day in the morning or evening.
To relieve headaches, you can use herbal decoctions (hemlock, red clover) or medicinal preparations that are sold in pharmacies.

Microangiopathy is a complex syndrome that is caused by pathological changes in the blood vessels of the brain. Given the complexity of the disease, therapy should be carried out only under the supervision of the attending physician. Any prevention methods should be used until the end of the patient’s life.

Microangiopathy occurs as a complication of one or another brain pathology. It has its own varieties. This disease is characterized by damage to capillaries, small vessels that are responsible for the metabolic process.

It is impossible to diagnose this deviation on your own, so when the first symptoms appear, you should immediately contact a specialist and undergo a thorough examination. Correctly selected treatment will help avoid complications.

Steps in the development of the pathological process

Microangiopathy of the brain is considered a fairly common pathology, which is characterized by impaired tone, the structure of the walls of blood vessels and capillaries directly in this body. As a result, the patient experiences a disrupted metabolic process of brain tissue.

The more the disease progresses, the less elasticity of the vascular wall becomes, and the vascular lumen thickens and decreases. This can lead to obstruction of small vessels for intense blood flow. As a result, brain neurons suffer from a lack of blood flow, oxygen and glucose.

Once the vessels become less durable, they begin to break, which can provoke. If there is no blood flow, then local death of neurons occurs, replacement of foci, and scar formation.

Causes and provoking diseases

Cerebral microangiopathy syndrome can develop against the background of other pathologies. The disorder occurs as a result of such diseases and conditions human body:

Thrombosis. Blood flow is disrupted due to the formation of clots.
Necrosis. Cells and tissues die.
Hyalinosis. Hyaline deposition occurs.
Fibrinoid swelling. Vascular permeability becomes increased and, as a result, destruction of connective tissue is observed.

Microangiopathy of the brain can also be provoked by:

anomaly in the structure of the vascular wall;
smoking;
drinking alcohol;
poor blood clotting;
injury;
infectious diseases that negatively affect the condition of blood vessels;
diseases of the endocrine system;
high blood pressure;
diseases cordially- vascular system;
toxic substances;
old age.

Not united by the brain

IN modern medicine There are several types of microangiopathy:

Clinical picture

Cerebral microangiopathy at the initial stage is asymptomatic, so its diagnosis becomes more complicated. This pathological process can manifest itself with a number of symptoms:

memory impairment;
consciousness becomes cloudy;
causeless weakness of the body;
frequent and intense headaches.

These disorders occur due to poor blood flow in the capillaries of the brain. The development of symptoms occurs gradually. First, unreasonable weakness occurs, which may be accompanied.

In this situation, painkillers do not have the desired positive effect. Then gradually the patient begins to suffer from insomnia at night, and drowsiness during the day.

After the disease begins to progress, the patient experiences absent-mindedness, forgetfulness and inattention. The thinking process is disrupted. In parallel, focal signs of cerebral microangiopathy are observed:

unsteady gait;
violation of movement coordination;
convergence disorder;
the diameter of the pupils is completely different;
other pathological reflexes.

Diagnostics and medical care

During diagnosis, it is carried out, which helps to examine the brain tissue and its vascular network. If the patient develops this pathology, then signs of arterial hypoplasia are clearly visible. Foci of infarction are also visible.

Treatment of cerebral microangiopathy is carried out comprehensively.

It is worth considering the fact that timely treatment helps to stop the development of the disease. This is important in old age, since in this case the pathological process is accelerated.

Details about treatment vascular diseases brain:

Consequences and prevention

The prognosis for this diagnosis will largely depend on age group patient, extent of lesion, concomitant diseases and timeliness of therapy. If you ignore the development of the disease, cerebral insufficiency may develop, which will lead to death.

The health of the entire body depends on the condition of the blood vessels. Even if minor changes or disturbances are observed, pathologies will arise that may be incurable. Therefore, it is worth paying attention not only to correctly selected treatment, but also to preventive measures, which include:

healthy lifestyle;
correct and balanced diet, it is advisable to adhere to a salt-free diet;
exception stressful situations and intense physical activity;
refusal bad habits;
a properly structured work and rest schedule.

The above measures are simple, and if you follow them, you can avoid many problems with blood vessels.

It is worth remembering that cerebral microangiopathy of the brain is a serious disease that must be treated immediately. The sooner therapy is prescribed, the greater the likelihood of avoiding complications.

Shoshina Vera Nikolaevna

Therapist, education: Northern medical University. Work experience 10 years.

Articles written

All internal organs and fabrics human body unable to function without nutrients and oxygen, which are carried by the circulatory system. In case of malfunctions blood vessels the whole body suffers.

Microangiopathy of the brain is a common pathology of capillaries and small vessels that supply vital organs. This disease cardiovascular system is dangerous because in the early stages of development it has practically no pronounced symptoms. Microangiopathies (late diagnosed) of the brain often develop into chronic forms, lead to various complications and are difficult to treat.

Definition of the concept

Microangiopathy of the brain is a disease that affects the walls of the capillaries, leading to disruption of their patency, as a result of which the blood supply to the tissues of the head deteriorates. The disease causes healthy brain neurons to be replaced focal formations(), a scar appears at the site of the lesion connective tissue. Pathological changes in small vessels cause dangerous consequences and can lead to the death of the patient.

Brain microangiopathy development syndrome is a chronic disease that occurs due to unfavorable factors affecting human health, including:

genetic predisposition (problems with elasticity and tone);
bad habits (cigarettes, alcohol);
poor blood clotting;
cardiovascular pathologies;
infectious and viral lesions organism (rubella or measles suffered in childhood);
diseases of the endocrine system (diabetes mellitus);
oncological neoplasms;
work in hazardous production;
age factor.

Microangiopathy is most often a complication against the background of other ailments of the human body, provoked by the listed factors.

According to the international classification of diseases, the term “microangiopathy” has legal grounds only if there is a description of the type of lesion and its form, for example: peripheral cerebral microangiopathy.

Main reasons

In addition to influence external factors on the development of the disease, there are several internal mechanisms occurring in the circulatory system. They are the causes of pathology:

Formation of blood clots, leading to blockage of blood vessels.

Necrosis.

Degenerative changes in small vessels, turning into.

Hyalinosis.

A disorder of protein metabolism in the body, characterized by the deposition of protein (hyalin) on the vascular surface. The process leads to the gradual destruction of the internal walls of blood vessels.

Fibrosis.

Pathological changes in blood vessels, leading to increased permeability of the walls and their deformation.

Vasospasm occurring due to the development of endothelial dysfunction.

What are the different forms of microangiopathy?

When diagnosing the disease, doctors distinguish between several forms, which have certain manifestations and symptoms.

Cerebral microangiopathy of the brain.

This pathology is mainly diagnosed in older people. Age factor and accompanying pathologies such as: disease, lead to the accumulation of a substance called “glycoprotein” on the walls of capillaries. Under the influence of which small vessels are gradually destroyed. The pathological condition is difficult to diagnose and treat. Over time, the disease develops into, and later into, chronic disease.

Diabetic microangiopathy syndrome.

Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. Poor circulation in the patient’s brain is one of the complications of the disease.

Hypertensive form.

The disease occurs in patients diagnosed with hypertension. Persistent hypertension leads to disruption of blood flow through the circulatory system.

Lenticulostriate form.

The pathological condition is diagnosed in newborns and children younger age. Pathology refers to special development a vascular system that poorly supplies blood to the subcortical brain structures is not considered a disease. A child with a striatal form of pathology needs constant supervision by a neurologist.

Diagnostic methods used

To diagnose a pathological condition, the doctor collects a complete medical history of the patient, paying close attention to the following complaints:

severe headache that does not go away after taking painkillers;
disturbances of vestibular functions;
astheno-neurotic syndrome ( character traits: Bad mood, irritability, depressive state, constant fatigue, intermittent sleep);
reduced performance;
violations skin sensitivity in certain areas;
the appearance of bruises on the body;
nosebleeds.

Such problems are typical for many diseases, so additional examinations are prescribed to the patient:

blood chemistry;
clinical blood test;
blood clotting test;

To diagnose the disease, procedures are used that can detect the localization of pathology and examine the condition of the patient’s vascular system.

The MRI procedure is considered the safest and most informative today.

The procedure allows you to detect focal vascular lesions, determine their size and location.

A visit to an ophthalmologist to examine the condition of the vessels in the fundus is mandatory.

Treatment of the disease

It is used to treat a pathological condition A complex approach, the patient is prescribed the following medications:

medications that normalize blood pressure levels;
agents that increase the presence of oxygen in brain tissues (antihypoxants);
drugs that lower blood lipid levels;
medications that restore blood flow in the body;
, improving the nutrition of brain tissue.

The doctor develops a special diet rich in fiber for the patient. The patient is recommended physical therapy (a set of therapeutic exercises).

A good help in treating the disease is:

visit to the swimming pool;
body massage;
acupuncture;
physiotherapy.

Surgery is performed in extreme cases. Indications for surgical operation are: the impossibility of restoring vascular patency with the help of medications, impaired blood circulation.

An alternative method of treating diabetic type pathology is hirudotherapy (treatment with leeches). An unconventional method of treatment has been known since ancient times. Today, it is successfully used to cure a whole list of diseases.

Medical leech has the following effect on the vascular system:

thrombolytic (blood thinning);
regenerating (restoring the walls of blood vessels);
analgesic (relieving pain);
hypotensive (lowering blood pressure).

The therapeutic effect of applying leeches has long action, has virtually no contraindications, is effective and safe.

The active substances contained in the saliva of a medicinal leech have a general effect on the patient’s body, normalize blood circulation and metabolic processes, reduce glucose levels, improve microcirculation of capillaries. Patients with vascular pathology are recommended to undergo 2 courses of hirudotherapy per year.

Possible consequences and prognosis

Pathology of capillaries - serious illness, requiring complex therapy. In its absence, the patient's condition may worsen. Possible consequences incorrect or untimely treatment are:

the patient's disability;
death of the patient.

Late visit to the doctor can lead to the development of:

stroke;
heart attack;
ischemia;
loss of vision;
renal failure.

Early diagnosis of the pathological condition, the location of the lesions and the extent of various changes in vascular walls makes it possible to minimize the consequences of the disease.

It is impossible to completely eliminate the symptoms of the disease, but adequate treatment allows you to slow down the course and avoid complications.

Prevention measures

Patients with diagnosed pathology should take preventive measures, helping to avoid the development of complications:

regularly visit your doctor and perform all medical procedures;
follow a diet;
give up bad habits (cigarettes, alcohol);
monitor blood pressure and blood glucose levels;
go in for sports, spend more time in the fresh air.

It is asked often because this phenomenon accompanies many serious illnesses. With this pathology, small-caliber blood vessels are damaged in any part of the body, for example, retinal vessels or renal capillaries may be affected.

Damage to blood vessels

The occurrence of microangiopathy is influenced by the presence of background chronic disease such as diabetes mellitus, some infectious diseases, liver diseases, hemolysis and many others. In addition to the above conditions, this symptom complex occurs as a consequence of necrotic changes in the tissues and cells of organs. The same is true with thrombotic processes in the vessels, when blood clots form that interfere with normal blood flow. Microangiopathy syndrome occurs due to protein dystrophy, in which hyaline is deposited in the tissues, and with fibrinoid swelling of the tissues, when the permeability of capillaries increases and the connective tissue is sufficiently disorganized deep.

Clinical manifestations of microangiopathy

Symptoms of this pathological process manifest themselves depending on what the underlying disease is and how it is characterized. Besides, external influence some factors on the body and morphological changes in organs and tissues contribute certain aspects to the manifestations of microangiopathy.

The main symptoms include damage to the integrity of the wall blood capillaries, functional changes in the blood coagulation system, that is, disturbances in hemostasis.

Insufficient kidney function often occurs, since their main work is in the capillaries, which are damaged here. When blood clotting is impaired, the symptom of purpura occurs, which is characterized by damage to red blood cells - red blood cells.

Etiological factors

Factors contributing to the occurrence of the disease are the following:

hereditary-genetic factor, which is characterized by a decrease in the tone of the vascular wall;
some diseases that damage the blood and its plasma;
serious poisoning of the body;
mechanical injuries.

In addition to the above, many doctors suggest that alcoholism and smoking, the presence of immune status due to certain hazards at work, age-related changes may be a provocative element in this pathology.

Clinical forms

IN clinical practice It is customary to divide microangiopathy into 2 forms: microangiopathy of the brain, or cerebral, and diabetic.

For cerebral form characterized by damage to small vessels of the brain, disruption of normal cerebral circulation, occurs against the background of atherosclerosis and constant high blood pressure.

The cerebral form is divided into 2 types: with the first, the walls of the blood arteries thicken in a hyaline pattern, and with the second, the walls of the capillaries thicken. Both types are the result of long-term impaired blood supply to the brain and can lead to dangerous damage to the white matter, where the accumulations of nerve fibers are located, forming the wiring pathway. Under such circumstances, a so-called lacunar infarction, or in other words, a cerebral stroke, may occur against the background of a closed one branch of the cerebral vessels. It is also possible to develop encephalopathy, which causes diffuse tissue damage.

In diabetes mellitus, microangiopathy is one of the symptoms of the disease. Due to the latter, tissue hypoxia develops, that is, a condition in which the use of supplied oxygen by organ tissues is impaired. Microangiopathy develops due to increased glucose in the blood, as the walls of small vessels that are close to the tissues are damaged.

The clinical signs of microangiopathy depend entirely on the location of the injury. This process is a dangerous manifestation of diabetes. The further the disease progresses, the more the lumen of the blood vessels narrows, oxygen starvation body tissues are strengthened. General state the patient's condition deteriorates sharply.

The irreversibility of the process of narrowing of the vascular walls is the result of damaged vascular membranes, proliferative changes endothelial layer, thickening of the membranes themselves and accumulation of mucopolysaccharide substances on the arterial wall. This is followed by an increase in osmotic pressure associated with the increased amount of fructose and water intake. All this leads to the formation of edema. Clinically they manifest themselves as diabetic nephropathy (impaired kidney function), diabetic angioretinopathy (retinal vessels are affected), .

Diagnostic and therapeutic measures

Ultrasound diagnostics of blood vessels

To detect this vascular pathology, it is necessary to conduct a number of studies. These include ultrasound diagnostics vessels, ultrasonography fundus, magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray examination, computed tomography and MSCT. If any pathological or suspicious areas are identified, the specialist gives an opinion and refers to the appropriate doctor.

The choice of treatment tactics depends on where the process is located and what it is associated with. Treatment is based on therapy of the main, or causative, disease.

So, for diabetes mellitus, the endocrinologist selects required dose insulin, prescribes a more strict diet and recommends a certain regime of work and rest. If the reason is arterial hypertension, the cardiologist prescribes medications that lower blood pressure, statins, a diet enriched with fiber, and physical therapy exercises.

Medications help with cerebral changes nicotinic acid, nootropic agents, complexes of vitamins and microelements.

Cryosurgery

Then the doctor, depending on the patient’s condition, prescribes medications that improve microcirculation. If lab tests do not detect the presence inflammatory processes, then physical therapy and physical therapy, various massages, pool.

If irreversible occlusion (closing of the lumen) of the vessel occurs, then surgery intervenes in the treatment. The operation helps restore patency of the artery, which promotes normal blood flow. For these purposes, surgeons prefer laser coagulation and cryosurgery methods.

To date, it is not possible to completely cure such patients; it is only possible to improve the quality of life of patients and slow down the process of gliosis.

Video

What is microangiopathy? This is a disease of the cardiovascular system, with it there is damage to small vessels and capillaries, which accordingly leads to the development of complications and pathological conditions vessels. This pathology often develops into chronic form, this occurs due to the absence of symptoms on early stages, not only does a person not notice this, but it is difficult to detect during diagnosis. Let's look at the main question in more detail: what is cerebral microangiopathy?

Reasons for the development of microangiopathy

This disease usually occurs as a complication of other diseases, such as hemolysis, oncology, pathologies of other organs and, of course, diabetes mellitus.

Let's consider the most basic causes of microangiopathy:

Viral and infectious diseases.
Various pathologies that can cause blood damage.
Arterial hypertension (hypertension)
Age. This disease is considered senile.
Pathologies transmitted by inheritance.
Traumatic factor.
Release of toxins into the blood in simple words severe intoxication.
Advanced diabetes mellitus.
Bad habits. Alcohol and smoking increase the risk of pathologies in the body.
Hard physical labor.

Also, microangiopathy of the brain develops against the background of not only diseases, but also mechanisms occurring in the body, let’s consider them:

Necrosis. The process during which significant atrophy or death of body cells occurs begins with the death of tissue cells.
Vascular pathology, in which vascular permeability increases sharply. To begin with, this leads to severe deformation of the vessels, as well as the release of plasma outside the vessel.
Thrombosis. The process in which the lumen of a vessel is blocked by a blood clot.
Dysfunction of endothelium in blood vessels. This process causes spasm of the blood vessels themselves.
Hyalinosis. The process in which it is disrupted protein metabolism, can be focal and local. Causes the deposition of hyaline on the walls of the vessel, which gradually destroys and disintegrates the inner wall of the vessel.

Forms of microangiopathy

This disease is characterized only by disruption of the smallest vessels - capillaries, but even in this case there are a couple of forms of this pathology. Consider these forms:

Cerebral microangiopathy. This form is characteristic only of people whose age has exceeded 50 years. The risk group includes older people who have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Coupled with such a disease, the process takes place, thus, glycoprotein gradually accumulates on the walls of blood vessels, which leads to the slow destruction of capillaries. It is worth remembering that this pathology is very difficult to diagnose, and no less easy to treat.
Lenticulostriate microangiopathy. This pathology is typical for children. Most often it is not characterized by a disease; this pathology in children is considered rather a feature of the circulatory system. Such children must be constantly monitored. Because any complication may arise.
Microangiopathy syndrome developed against the background of diabetes mellitus. Characterized by impaired blood flow in the brain due to advanced diabetes mellitus.
Hypertensive microangiopathy. Characterized by impaired blood flow due to developed hypertension. With this form, it is necessary to constantly monitor blood pressure; the occurrence of sharp increase pressure.

Symptoms and signs of microangiopathy

As mentioned above, initial stages have no symptoms, so very for a long time goes unnoticed by a person, the only changes that take place in the body are changes in the blood supply, which passes to collateral, neighboring areas located nearby. But on the table, a small change is very difficult to notice.

For this reason, symptoms do not appear in the early stages.

After a long time, when large volumes of damage to the microvasculature have been achieved, when the capillaries do not have the opportunity to move to neighboring areas, a sufficiently large number of neurons atrophy or die and brain function is impaired. And the symptoms of cerebral microangiopathy appear, let’s look at them, forewarned is forearmed:

Pain. Appears almost instantly and is characterized by strong, intense, painful pain. Such pain can hardly be drowned out with painkillers.
Violations vestibular apparatus. The patient has severe dizziness, rare manifestations when the patient's coordination is impaired. Consciousness is most often a little confused.
Aseno-neurotic syndrome. This symptom, may not always be noticed. Although the patient experiences a decrease in emotional background, the patient begins to be more irritable or nervous. Depression appears more and more often. Sleep is severely disturbed.
Based on the previous point, insomnia occurs at night, and during the daytime a person feels fatigue and severe drowsiness.
Focal symptoms. Focal symptoms are different, their type depends on the location of the development of microangiopathy. May be broken visual function, sensitive, auditory, and memory loss.
Very important and dangerous symptom, these are possible hemorrhagic manifestations. In simple terms, there may be bruises, bleeding or severe nose bleed. Bleeding between the membranes of the brain is very dangerous.
Encephalopathy with varying severity.

The symptoms of this pathology are not very specific; many other diseases and pathologists may have the same symptoms. These symptoms of cerebral microangiopathy are enough to identify it.

Diagnosis of microangiopathy

The very first step in making a diagnosis is collecting a complete history and, of course, going through all necessary research, such as biochemical and general blood tests. It is necessary to establish the composition of the blood. Dopplerography is also required, which allows for an assessment of the vascular system and provides the opportunity to determine the location of congestion, vascular permeability, and the like. To identify abnormalities in the functioning of the brain, electroencephalography is performed. To identify fundus problems or damage, an appointment with an ophthalmologist is necessary.

When confirming the diagnosis as microangiopathy, then conducting studies such as magnetic resonance tomography(MRI) and computed tomography(CT) required. These two studies make it possible to understand the degree of damage to the capillaries of the brain, adjacent tissues, and, of course, neighboring vessels; specialists also identify all foci of gliosis and places where strong vasodilation has developed.

Treatment of microangiopathy

Most often, patients fall into a stupor after such a diagnosis as cerebral microangiopathy, what is it, how is it treated and is it treatable at all? Usually the doctor immediately prescribes complex treatment. First of all, the patient needs to take medications that help stabilize blood pressure, as written above for some forms this is very dangerous phenomenon. Next step is to enrich the brain with oxygen, for this purpose experts prescribe antihypoxants. It is worth noting that it is very important to equalize the level of lipid production in the blood.

As a result, this pathology is very dangerous, so knowing the symptoms of microangiopathy, you can notice this disease as early as possible and immediately contact a specialist to begin treatment. This will reduce the likelihood of developing further complications and progression of pathology.

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