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Consequences of a sore throat. What complications can there be after a sore throat in children and adults? What complications does angina cause on joints?

Complications from a sore throat can be very serious. Angina is a popular name. The disease itself is considered dangerous because it affects the functioning of internal organs. First of all, the functioning of the heart, joints and kidneys is disrupted. To prevent this, thorough treatment should begin with the detection of the first signs of the disease.

Immunity should be maintained, since against the background of a weakened body, sore throat begins to progress. If the disease has not spared you, do not think that everything will work out. Immediately go to bed, start taking plenty of liquid, preferably warm, but not hot, gargle. Call a doctor at home, as the temperature may increase. He will prescribe you treatment, most likely with antibiotics.

It is considered streptococcus. It is transmitted by airborne droplets, through close contact with a sick person or through the use of his personal belongings, such as dishes.

Symptoms of the disease

Pain when swallowing. It is especially unpleasant to swallow food and liquid; even just swallowing becomes unbearably painful.
High temperature - up to 39-40 degrees, which persists during an exacerbation.
The lymph nodes are enlarged and can be felt upon palpation.
Weakness, body aches, and a feeling of constant fatigue appear.
Children may complain about ear pain, profuse salivation. Lost appetite.
If the sore throat is purulent in nature, then a white or yellowish coating forms on the tonsils.

Sore throat: complications in adults

Complications can be general and local:

General complications affect the entire body. They disrupt the functioning of internal organs: heart, kidneys, circulatory system. They can cause rheumatic diseases and blood poisoning (sepsis).
Local complications are not so dangerous to health; they affect a separate area. But nevertheless, they are just as unpleasant. These include ulcers, purulent inflammation of soft tissues, abscesses, otitis media, laryngeal edema, almond bleeding.

The consequences of sore throat should be considered in more detail.

Heart complications. With a sore throat, the body begins to produce protective antibodies, often this happens in excess, antibodies begin to suppress the production of proteins. And first of all, the heart begins to suffer from this. Rheumatism of the heart appears. The first signs of this disease are arrhythmia, rapid heartbeat, pain in the area chest. These signs may appear two weeks after a sore throat, if there was no proper treatment and the patient spent this period without bed rest.

Joint dysfunction. In second place is damage to the joints of the arms and legs. May feel pain in this area, swelling and redness of the extremities are observed. Joints can hurt in childhood.

Kidneys. In rare cases, kidney complications may occur after a sore throat. They can cause diseases such as:

Pyelonephritis is an inflammation of the kidneys that quickly becomes chronic.
Glomerulonephritis – chronic stage pyelonephritis, occurring in acute renal failure.

All this causes the body to malfunction, since all organs are interconnected. The temperature rises significantly, general intoxication appears, and pain is felt in the lower back.

Ear, nose and throat. Since all these organs are located close to each other, the complication can spread to the nose or ear. Frequent manifestations of sore throat can be otitis media, however, they rarely develop into chronic form. It’s worse if the sore throat affects the brain and meningitis develops, in which case the disease may be incompatible with life.

Retropharyngeal abscess often occurs with local complications. In this case, a cavity is formed in the tonsil area, which is filled with pus. In this case, swallowing becomes very painful, the temperature rises, and the general state, lymph nodes enlarge, and over time, due to poor air flow, it becomes difficult to breathe. Treatment includes surgical drainage of the cavity.

Complications can spread to the ears, where the inflammatory process of a certain area of the ear begins: the eardrum, middle ear, mastoid process. In this case, there is a sharp pain in the ear, which radiates to the temple and teeth. There is general weakness of the body and high temperature.

Chronic tonsillitis. Chronic tonsillitis can develop after frequent tonsillitis. It is dangerous because the constant presence of infection in the throat leads to poisoning of the body and further damage to internal organs, especially the kidneys. To avoid the appearance chronic tonsillitis You need to constantly rinse and wash your tonsils. If treatment does not produce results and entails negative consequences, then the tonsils are surgically removed.

Appendicitis. It can often occur in conjunction with a sore throat. Many doctors suggest that this happens because the appendix begins to fight the infection and takes part of the blow. But since the lesion does not bypass it, the inflammatory process begins.

Sepsis. Sepsis is blood poisoning. Occurs as a complication after tonsillitis. It can develop at any stage of the disease, even at the time of remission. At the same time, the temperature rises, breathing becomes intermittent and frequent, blood pressure rises, and shortness of breath appears. Ulcers appear in the organs, and the lymph nodes are enlarged. The patient needs urgent hospitalization, where antiseptic treatment will be carried out.

Complications of sore throat in children

Children at a young age cannot explain what is bothering them, and therefore it is during this period that serious complications after a sore throat are possible. The situation may become more complicated due to the anatomical location of the lymph nodes in children. They are located on the back of the pharynx in the area of the spine and, when advanced, can become covered with pustules. Even with careful gargling, it is impossible to get rid of them. Required surgery, during which the suppuration data is removed. Without this method, the ulcers grow larger and lead to even greater complications.

Late consequences of sore throat

Most dangerous late complications suffered tonsillitis. If left untreated, streptococcal infection can negatively affect many internal organs. Diseases such as polyarthritis, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis and rheumatism develop.

Streptococci themselves cannot enter the internal organs, but their waste products are carried through the bloodstream throughout the body, entering the organs, provoking inflammatory and allergic reactions there. For this reason, the consequences of previous sore throats can manifest themselves through long time. It can last from 10 to 14 days, during this period a person can feel absolutely healthy.

Some diseases, if not developed acute form, can manifest themselves even after several years, for example, glomerulonephritis.

Other diseases begin to manifest themselves after a short period of time. Based on what you have read, you should once again warn that treatment of sore throat should be carried out strictly under the supervision of a doctor and with the use of antibiotics that can destroy staphylococcal infection and prevent further complications.

Angina(tonsillitis) - inflammatory disease, caused by an infectious process in the palatine tonsils. Pathology can occur as a result of pathogenic bacteria, viruses or fungi entering the body (not counting special sore throats caused by causes “from within”). Or the disease is provoked by conditionally pathogenic bacteria or fungi, which are always present in the body and attack when severely weakened immune system.

Negative dynamics of sore throat as dynamics of complications

Speaking about the complications of tonsillitis, it must be clarified that it is quite difficult to draw a line between the disease itself and complications. Yes, and there is no point in this. The fact is that each subsequent stage in the development of the disease can be considered a complication.

The following diagram perfectly demonstrates this process:

But this scheme demonstrates only the negative dynamics of the development of tonsillitis. However, sore throat can cause a wide range of complications that are not directly related to the throat. Moreover, these complications can disrupt the health of the entire body for many years, and some of them pose an immediate danger to life. It's worth starting with the latter.

The most dangerous complications that threaten death

Almost all such threats come with the onset of intratonsillar abscess and phlegmonous tonsillitis. But there are some exceptions.

False croup(stenotic laryngotracheitis). It is typical that this can happen even with the first acute attack of purulent bacterial tonsillitis. The bottom line is that inflammation is transmitted to the larynx (laryngitis occurs). Inflammation may be due to progression infectious species pathogen throughout the body, or an allergic reaction to bacterial toxins. Severe swelling of the larynx, and even with a narrowed lumen of the throat due to enlarged tonsils, can lead to disruption of the breathing process ( various degrees asphyxia). Persons over 12 years of age are almost 100% not susceptible to this complication (an exception may be a combination of severe obesity and severe allergies), but preschool children (especially boys) are very much so. The reason is that children's vocal cords are higher up, making them more vulnerable to infections. Also, a child’s larynx is much more easily compressed by surrounding tissues. Finally, children's body more susceptible to development allergic reaction- additional inflammation. In children, even the viral form can sometimes worsen the breathing process. With 3-4 degrees of stenosing laryngotracheitis, urgent hormonal therapy is required in combination with antihistamines for quick relief of inflammation. There is also another variety - diphtheria croup. Sore throat with diphtheria is only one of the complex symptoms, but diphtheria films formed in the throat small child may block the larynx. Then there is also a risk of suffocation.

Now we can move on to complications phlegmonous sore throat:

First possible complication- arrosive melting by purulent exudate of the arteries feeding the tonsils and all nearby tissue. The consequences are critical and fleeting: heavy bleeding, which could result in death from blood loss. If this complication occurs, emergency treatment is required. surgical care.
The second possible complication is the penetration of pus into the cranial cavity through the regional tonsil veins and the pterygoid venous plexus, which will provoke thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus. In conjunction with this, meningitis occurs due to infection (inflammation meninges). The pathology is no less dangerous than damage to the arteries. Another route for pathogen penetration into the central nervous system is through the internal jugular vein and inferior petrosal venous sinus. Depending on how pronounced the spread of pus is, surgical or exaggerated surgery is chosen. antibacterial therapy.
The third possible complication is mediastinitis, i.e. inflammation of the mediastinum if the infection from the throat goes down, for example, along the prevertebral fascia. Up to the penetration of purulent exudate into the chest cavity. We must remember that this mass actively melts soft fabrics, which again turn into pus. As a result, it becomes more and more. The consequences of such a development of events can be very diverse. Sluggish chronic mediastinitis may develop. Lobar pneumonia may develop. State data, as a rule, is not as critically urgent as previous complications, but in the very near future no less dangerous.
The fourth possible complication is the formation of additional abscesses, retropharyngeal, peripharyngeal. With so many large purulent foci, and even in close proximity to the central nervous system, the threat to life increases many times over. A retropharyngeal abscess, especially in children, can cause complete blockage of the larynx (by swelling and/or pus) and respiratory arrest.
Finally, the fifth possible complication is general sepsis, blood poisoning. Phlegmon is a large accumulation of purulent masses. Such an infectious focus creates a serious risk of a significant amount of pathogenic bacteria entering the general bloodstream. Incipient sepsis must be urgently treated with large doses of strong antibiotics.

Complications caused by failure at the cellular and biochemical level

Complications leading to chronic inflammatory processes in the body (including autoimmune ones) are caused by the action bacterial infection. A virus or fungus (which is very rare) is also capable of this, but this requires some more serious virus that is not on the list of typical pathogens of sore throat. These are the Ebola virus, severe strains of the influenza virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus and, of course, HIV, which in itself is severe chronic disease. Bacteria that cause sore throat produce many dangerous human body toxins.

Streptococci, mainly GABHS, produce the widest range of toxins:

Streptolysins (hemolysins). In themselves, these are antigenic structures on the surface of the bacterial cell. But they play a key role in the release of substances with toxic properties. Start with the toxins streptolysin S and streptolysin O. These substances lead to pathological hemolysis, i.e. destruction of red blood cells beyond the physiological norm with the release of hemoglobin into the blood plasma. Plus, both toxins are capable of creating perforations in cell membranes. Streptolysin O also has a high degree of toxicity towards myocardial and pericardial cells. Its intense effect on heart tissue can lead first to acute myocarditis/pericarditis, and subsequently to chronic heart failure. However, Art. O is very unstable and quickly deactivates under the influence of oxygen (therefore, with angina, a constant influx of large volumes is indicated fresh air). Streptolysin S, on the contrary, does not react in any way with oxygen, retaining its toxic properties. This toxin can negatively affect the synthesis and development of leukocytes of all subtypes (neutrophils, basophils, etc.). This may lead to temporary suppression of the immune system. According to Dr. Michael Pichichero (University of Rochester Medical Center, New York), streptolysins can also exhibit neurotoxic properties in children, causing OCD and Tourette's syndrome.
Leukocidin. More is synthesized by staphylococci, but streptococci can also produce it to a small extent. Affects neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages, thereby inhibiting immune protection . The degree of damage varies from mild defects in cellular structures to complete cell disintegration. It depends on the type of leukocidin - type 3 is the most dangerous for humans, type 2 is moderately dangerous and type 1 is harmless. It was found that if in healthy body
introduce a small amount of weakened staphylococci, then subsequently, with a real infection, leukocidin is successfully leveled in vitro. Necrotoxin. It is not always synthesized and in small quantities. Upon contact with a living cell, it causes necrosis. So can play
important role with the development of intratonsillar abscess.
Erythrogenic toxin. Occurs with scarlet fever. It is this toxin that causes the characteristic rash to appear. Does not play a special role in the development of long-term health problems.

Bacterial enzymes , not belonging to the class of toxins, but possessing their properties: streptohyaluronidase, fibrinolysin (streptokinase), proteinase. U Staphylococcus aureus have their own unique toxins. For example, Sigma toxin, which has a very

wide range

cytotoxic properties (essentially a universal poison). Or Alpha toxin, can lead to damage to connective tissue cells, liver cells, and platelets.

Chronic inflammation, autoimmune disorders

If we talk about the systemic effect on the body, then bacterial tonsillitis, first of all, “targets” 4 targets: connective tissue of the joints, heart, liver and kidneys. This is where common pathologies arise in chronic, severe tonsillitis, such as: The mechanism of formation and the essence of these pathologies, when the root cause of sore throat, is still poorly understood. There is a theory that bacteria, with the intensive development of the infectious process, can penetrate into the bloodstream connective tissue. But it's not that simple. No wonder this is an autoimmune disorder. Often with it antibodies are found in the blood Epstein-Barr virus(one of the types of herpes).

Perhaps the bacteria create some unique conditions due to which the same herpes viruses from the blood, where they were successfully suppressed by the immune system, migrate to other, uncharacteristic tissues, causing chronic inflammation there. There is also a theory that bacterial antigens of streptococci can masquerade as cellular receptors of the body's own cells. An immunological failure occurs, and the immune system begins to mistakenly mistake its own cells of some tissue for foreign elements. With all the consequences.

Video

The presented video suggests short review five complications of tonsillitis.

Forecast

The prognosis depends entirely on the type of complication. If phlegmon in the tonsil is eliminated in a timely and competent manner, then it is quite possible full recovery without any consequences. Whenever autoimmune disease the prognosis is generally favorable, but the patient will be forced to take corrective medications for an indefinitely long time (sometimes for life).

The article describes the main types of complications of angina, their symptoms and methods of treatment are given.

Purulent sore throat, or acute tonsillitis– a common and dangerous infectious disease. It is fraught with serious complications for the patient regardless of his age. The causes of the disease and the forms of its course are varied. They can be installed in the laboratory. The selection of treatment methods and the prescription of specific drugs depends on the accuracy of the diagnosis.

Symptoms characterizing tonsillitis: high body temperature, pain when swallowing, purulent manifestations on the tonsils, enlarged lymph nodes, chills, body weakness, cough. Sore throat itself is not so dangerous. However, if left untreated, it can cause serious harm. Strict compliance required medical procedures and bed rest. Serious harm to health is caused by complications after tonsillitis in adults, which can manifest themselves after a significant period of time (from several days to a month) after completion of treatment. Complications can be both local and general.

Complications from local sore throat

When they occur, the effects of pathogenic microorganisms on individual areas of the body damaged as a result of a sore throat. As a rule, they do not pose a serious threat to the patient, but nevertheless require a special treatment approach. What are the complications after a sore throat?

Abscesses are large and painful purulent abscesses of tissue. Accompanied by high temperature (up to 40 ° C) and spasm masticatory muscles. The patient has difficulty swallowing food and turning his head. Dangerous due to the possibility of destruction blood vessels and the entry into them of bacteria that cause sepsis. Bleeding, phlebitis and thrombophlebitis cannot be ruled out. Abscesses can break out on their own or they can be opened surgically. In some cases, tonsil removal is required. The most difficult option is a retropharyngeal abscess. It occurs only in children due to the presence of lymph nodes. Creates breathing problems and causes suffocation. It can only be treated by surgery.
Phlegmon. In many ways similar to an abscess. However, purulent processes spread not only to the tonsils, but also to the tendons, subcutaneous tissue, muscles. Symptoms: sharp pains in the throat, slurred speech, change in voice, smell of acetone from the mouth, excessive salivation, unnatural head position, increased body temperature. It is treated with antibiotics, but surgery can also be used.
Otitis. It can be one-sided or two-sided. Treatment is carried out in combination with throat therapy. Apply strong antibiotics. Self-medication is unacceptable because antimicrobials If used incorrectly, they will create a danger to humans. Bed rest is required. In case of bleeding, treatment is carried out in a hospital.
Bleeding from the tonsils. Stop by ligating blood vessels or cold treatment (cryotherapy). The operation is often performed under endotracheal anesthesia (immersion in deep dream with muscle relaxation). Treatment at home is prohibited.

Swelling of the larynx. Most dangerous consequence tonsillitis. Symptoms: difficulty breathing with signs of suffocation, bluish skin tone, sensation of a foreign object in the throat, pain when swallowing, high fever. If not treated in a timely manner, it is possible death. Treatment is medicinal.

With timely and proper treatment local complications after a sore throat do not pose a great danger. The disease quickly stops. Patients recover within a few days. Self-medication should be avoided, especially attempts to remove pus with foreign objects.

General or systemic complications

Why is sore throat dangerous?

To overcome the negative consequences, it is necessary to cure a sore throat, then stay in bed for several days and avoid hypothermia. Subsequently, use special preparations. Good effect brings physiotherapy.

Preventing complications with angina

Any doctor knows how to avoid complications after a sore throat. The main way to combat complications with purulent sore throat is the use of antibiotics. They destroy bacteria and, therefore, prevent damage to body tissues. If they are used in a timely manner (no later than a week after the onset of angina), the effect will be high. Almost any complications can be avoided. It's important here correct definition medicinal drug.

It is impossible to do without the participation of a qualified specialist. The principle of not treating the disease yourself should prevail. The same goes for diagnostics. There are many types of sore throats. It can be confused with pharyngitis. Required condition For any sore throat, bed rest is recommended. Carrying the disease on your feet should be avoided. At the slightest symptom of a complication of the disease, contact immediately medical institution . Any delay can cause irreversible negative processes. Treatment must be comprehensive.

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Tonsillitis is scary not in itself, but because of its consequences. It would seem that the symptoms have much in common with ordinary ARVI: the occurrence of fever, weakness, sore throat, however, long after the illness, complications after a sore throat can develop.

They are divided into local and general, but each is very dangerous and threatens human health and sometimes life.

Causes of complications after tonsillitis

The consequences of a sore throat appear for the following reasons:

This is a streptococcal infection. The insidiousness of this microorganism is that it has antigens similar to the cells of the human body. When the immune system goes after these bacteria, it often damages its own cells.
The pathogen itself, without timely destruction, provokes inflammatory processes in tissues. Local signs of the disease appear.
The variety of forms of tonsillitis often makes diagnosing the disease difficult and allows for the possibility of errors.
Sometimes doctors, without conducting adequate diagnostics, prescribe drugs for their own reasons. This action often leads to a deterioration in the patient’s condition: he develops impotence, weakness and other signs of ill health.

The norm of fluid intake is not observed. Patients should drink at least 3 liters of water per day. In addition to fluids, an organism weakened by disease also needs vitamins.
When the causative agent is a type of herpes, it will be difficult to fully recover. The presence of this microorganism requires treatment from the patient in case of exacerbations of a chronic disease.
Drinking alcoholic beverages and smoking during illness weakens protective system person, as well as the presence of diseases of somatic origin.
If you do not adhere to bed rest during a sore throat, ignore diagnosis and do not receive timely treatment, forget to do procedures for sanitation of the oral cavity.

Informed people who do everything correctly after the onset of the disease have a good chance of recovering from tonsillitis without complications.

What are the complications of angina?

When tonsillitis just begins, you need to immediately stop the spread of infection at the beginning of the disease, because pathogenic bacteria will multiply and spread through the bloodstream throughout the body. As a result, diseases of varying degrees of severity will arise (this depends on when proper treatment begins).

The consequences of a sore throat can be:

General. Distant signs of ill health are located in organs not directly related to the throat. They arise due to the spread of pathological microflora throughout the body and disrupt the functioning of many organs. Complications can result in one of these diseases: rheumatism, arthritis, blood poisoning, polyarthritis, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis.
Local. Local diseases include those that affect nearby organs, such as the tonsils or larynx. They, compared to general complications, are less dangerous, but still require careful treatment. These are parapharyngeal or retropharyngeal abscesses, otitis, paratonsillitis, swelling of the throat, bleeding in the tonsils.

Each case of complications with angina, like the disease itself, requires proper treatment.

Heart complications

After healing from a sore throat, you need to be especially attentive to yourself and observe whether your health is restored. It is known that in the presence of streptococci, the human body produces antibodies that protect it, but they, in addition to the pathogen, also suppress the proteins of their own body. This most often causes cardiac rheumatism. It manifests itself in adults and elderly people suffering from tonsillitis. Often myocarditis develops because of it. The symptoms of this pathology are as follows:

the occurrence of shortness of breath during movement;
high fever and red throat after a sore throat;
discomfort near the heart;
feeling of weakness in the body;
rapid onset of fatigue during physical activity;
violation of facial expressions, nervous tension is present.

Rheumatism is a disease that leads to severe consequences and even disability. This condition most often occurs in children over 4 years of age and adolescents.

Due to complications of tonsillitis, blood clots sometimes form in the vessels located in the heart.

Sometimes children develop endocarditis when the heart is damaged. Then the child suffers from the presence of edema, thickening of the fingers, fever, and impaired heart function.

Kidney complications

If a sore throat causes a complication on the kidneys, then this may result in:

Development of pyelonephritis. With this disease there is the presence of acute inflammatory process, which can quickly turn into chronic.
Glomerulonephritis, a pathology that is of an immunoinflammatory nature. During its course, the renal glomeruli are affected. Glomerulonephritis can occur as an independent disease, or be a consequence of the presence of systemic diseases.

If your kidneys hurt after a sore throat, what should you do? These diseases can be detected using general blood tests (the number of red blood cells changes) and urine (protein levels increase).

For both ailments, it resolves with elevated temperature, swelling in the legs and face, discomfort in the lower back, and intoxication. Glomerulonephritis as a complication often occurs after a sore throat and goes away on its own without external intervention, but the level of protein in the body is increased, pressure indicators creep up, weakness is felt and painful sensations in my head.

Pyelonephritis affects the renal pelvis. Most often one kidney is affected, but it happens that inflammation affects both. Signs of this disease manifest themselves in increased fever, and also occur frequent urge to urinate, the person feels discomfort in the kidneys and shudders. Both the first and second diseases require hospital stay and adequate therapy. We must be wary of the disease passing into purulent form and the occurrence of kidney problems.

Complications on the joints

There are repeated cases when, after a sore throat, a complication occurs in the joints, because a rheumatic process can begin there, because rheumatism is systemic disease, and it doesn't stop at heart damage. This condition is expressed in swelling of the joints, redness, and discomfort when moving the feet. The nature of the pain is inconsistent, it is wandering.

This condition is called arthritis - swelling forms in the knees and elbows, and patients suffer from acute pain associated with flexion and extension of the arms or legs. Inflamed areas have an increased temperature.

In order to alleviate the manifestations of arthritis, they use external agents in the form of anti-inflammatory ointments and gels, as well as injections. In particularly severe cases, surgical intervention is possible to clean out the internal cavities.

Signs of the disease last a couple of weeks and disappear, but remains increased sensitivity joints when weather conditions change. As a result, joint tonsillitis must be treated with medication using physiotherapy.

Local complications of sore throat in adults and children

Everyone needs to know what local complications can be after a sore throat in people different ages. This is otitis media, which is often provoked. The inflammation is localized in the middle ear and affects eardrum. His signs are as follows: there is fever, weakness, pain in the ears. The disease contributes to a decrease in hearing acuity or the development of deafness.

In addition to ear problems, there are abscesses and swelling of the throat.

Cellulitis and fiber abscess

Cellulitis or cellulose abscess can appear as a result of purulent or follicular inflammation. These are similar conditions, and the only difference between them is that the first disease does not have pronounced contours, while the second one does.

Both ailments begin with the development of the inflammatory process after the form. Near the tonsils, the cavity is filled with purulent masses. Characteristic signs complications after tonsillitis in adults, symptoms:

swallowing food becomes problematic due to intense pain;
the temperature rises;
lymph nodes swell;
general exhaustion manifests itself, and eventually breathing becomes heavy.

Treatment is surgical abdominal drainage.

Swelling of the larynx

Swelling of the larynx is, although a rare complication of sore throat in adults, but requires medical intervention. Edema of the larynx is preceded by a change in voice timbre; coughing does not bring results. Then it becomes increasingly difficult to breathe due to increased swelling, and this causes the skin color to take on a blue tint. Difficulty breathing can develop very quickly, so this dangerous condition can cause death.

Complications after purulent sore throat

Purulent inflammation of the throat is already unpleasant in itself, but if you consider that masses of pus can penetrate into the deep tissue layers and cause complications, this makes this disease very dangerous. The development of consequences sometimes occurs gradually, and in other cases with amazing speed. This condition is called paratonsillitis or a complicated form of tonsillitis. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately identify the cause of the ailment; treatment cannot be delayed.

One of the dangerous diseases that occurs after purulent sore throat, It happens acute fever rheumatic origin (rheumatism) - it affects a person’s joints, his skin, heart and brain. The features and symptoms of this pathology were described above.

The next disease that can cause purulent inflammation in the throat, this is streptococcal toxic shock - a multisystem disease with a severe course. This pathology carries a mortal danger because many internal organs are affected after infection enters them.

Its symptoms are:

high body temperature;
muscle pain;
cramps in the stomach;
a sharp drop in pressure;
presence of tachycardia;
dizziness and fainting;
redness of the skin.

If streptococcal toxic shock occurs, call immediately ambulance, because pathological changes develop in the cardiovascular, respiratory and excretory systems.

Features of complications in children

The nature of complications of angina in children is different than in adults, differing both in severity and manifestation of diseases:

otitis, which can turn into labyrinthitis;
sinusitis and sinusitis;
purulent lymphadenitis;
scarlet fever;
The cough reflex may cause bleeding vascular walls due to tonsillitis of necrotic origin;

rheumatism, often turning into endocarditis or rheumatic carditis;
swelling of the larynx with possible development stenosis that can block the flow of air;
pleurisy, rheumochorea as a consequence of rheumatism;
cutaneous form of rheumatic manifestations in the form of nodes under the skin;
retropharyngeal abscess.

Age at which risk increases severe complications after a sore throat, this is a time period from 4 to 8 years. The reason for this lies in the lack of a fully developed immune system. The formation of systems and organs is also in the development stage. When the first symptoms of the disease appear, the child should be examined by a pediatrician.

Features of the course of swelling of the larynx in the ultra-rapid development of swelling, there is a high probability of stenosis.

The signs of endocarditis are similar to the symptoms of cardiac dysfunction. The only difference between them is that the feeling of pain in the heart with endocarditis appears later.

In children, tonsillitis more often leads to bleeding on the tonsils than in adults, due to the small thickness of the vascular walls.

How to prevent complications

Complications in acute and chronic angina are prevented by timely diagnosis and immediately begin a course of therapy, treatment is prescribed by an otolaryngologist or pediatrician (therapist).

There are the following methods to prevent sore throat:

Except for those appointed antibacterial agents, it is also necessary to irrigate the sore throat with Furacilin.
It is imperative to adhere to bed rest until complete recovery.
Do not overcool, have only light physical exercise, maintain psychological balance. It is necessary to carefully take care of yourself for at least a month after curing a sore throat.
During the acute period, you should drink fluids in increased quantities.
Healthy people undergo hardening procedures and enrich the body with vitamins.
It is necessary to avoid contact with people suffering from tonsillitis and acute respiratory infections.

How to properly treat a sore throat

Tonsillitis is an insidious disease, and its treatment must be comprehensive. Antibiotics for sore throat must be prescribed by a doctor. In addition, you need remedies to relieve symptoms: antipyretic drug, antiseptics for rinsing and lubricating sore throat. If shortness of breath occurs, the person is given an antiallergic medicine.

If you follow all the doctor’s instructions, maintain bed rest and drink water, the patient has a good chance of curing his sore throat and subsequently avoiding complications.

If sore throat seems like a harmless disease to someone, that person is deeply mistaken. The complications of angina are very serious.

Fever, sore throat, general weakness of the body - all this can be tolerated, especially since all these symptoms do not last long.

Much complications are more dangerous from a sore throat and after a sore throat, and the number of immunological and biochemical processes occurring in the body during this disease.

The disease can be provoked by streptococci - pathogenic microorganisms, the appearance of which in the body entails the most negative consequences, and leads to complications after a sore throat.

Why do complications occur with angina?

Complications after a sore throat are an autoimmune reaction of the human body. Human immunity is designed in such a way that when agents of foreign origin enter the body, it begins to produce antibodies.

These antibodies are proteins whose mission is to destroy microbial antigens. The structure of streptococcus contains a whole complex of antigens that resemble antigens of the heart muscle, joints, liver, kidneys and other organs.

In other words, human immunity is not able to distinguish “strangers” from “our own” and sometimes begins to attack its own tissues. Thus, complications arise with angina. What difficulties and complications can there be after a sore throat?

All complications from angina are divided into two large groups: local and general. Local complications and problems after tonsillitis are caused by local changes in the tissues of the nasopharynx. They usually do not pose a serious threat to the patient, but they still require treatment.

General complications and problems from sore throat in adults and children provoke a number of immunological reactions in which antibodies and antigens take part.

These mechanisms lead to joints being affected (rheumatism, arthritis), heart, and kidneys. The consequences can be the most unpredictable.

Complications of sore throat on the heart

Rheumatism of the heart - this complication of sore throat provokes very often. Rheumatism is accompanied by damage to all connective tissues in the body, but usually the localization of the process occurs in the heart.

Heart damage after a sore throat is very dangerous pathology, since, as a rule, it leads a person to disability and the development of heart muscle defects.

Most often, rheumatism of the heart, which occurs after a sore throat, affects children from 5 to 15 years old. Moreover, such a complication of angina can provoke in a person who has not previously experienced heart problems.

Rheumatism of the heart has the following symptoms:

deterioration of general condition;
joints and especially legs hurt;
body temperature rises sharply;
there is pain in the heart;
heart rate changes (tachycardia);
the patient weakens quickly.

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle that accompanies rheumatism after a sore throat. However, body temperature sometimes remains within normal limits, which makes it difficult to suspect a complication of sore throat in time.

The consequences of the disease are the formation of blood clots in the vessels with the further development of thromboembolism. If rheumatism affects the inner layer of the heart muscle, endocarditis may occur after a sore throat.

What are the symptoms of this disease?

The patient often experiences bleeding.
The joints of the fingers become thicker.
Swelling.
Increased body temperature.
Signs of heart failure.

Pain in the heart appears much later, so the cardiological origin of the disease is often established very late. If the process progresses, other complications after angina appear.

It should be noted that rheumatism of the heart muscle is dangerous due to the rapid formation of heart valve defects. Rheumatism can also affect the pericardial sac, and then another disease develops - pericarditis.

In turn, pericarditis can be dry or exudative. Symptoms of dry pericarditis in adults and children:

Severe pain in the heart, aggravated by movement, coughing and deep breathing.
High body temperature.
Chills.
The pain radiates to the left side.

Since with exudative pericarditis, excess fluid occurs in the heart sac, the patient feels compression of the esophagus, heart and other organs. It is important to emphasize here that sometimes things can develop and this point needs to be taken into account.

As a type of tonsillitis, pain occurs when swallowing, shortness of breath is possible.

What complications does angina cause on the kidneys?

On the kidneys, complications of angina give the following: glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis. The kidney is the second organ after the heart that takes on complications from a sore throat. Typically, consequences can occur within 1-2 weeks after tonsillitis.

Pyelonephritis is characterized by damage to the renal pelvis. Usually one kidney suffers, but bilateral inflammation is also possible.

Symptoms of pyelonephritis:

a sharp increase in body temperature;
fever;
lower back pain;
frequent urge to go to the toilet.

Glomerulonephritis is accompanied by increased blood pressure, the presence of blood in the urine, swelling. Both diseases require hospitalization of the patient in a hospital and complex therapy.

What complications does angina cause on joints?

After tonsillitis, joints are often affected in adults and children. Arthritis, like rheumatism, has a rheumatic component. The patient exhibits the following symptoms:

swelling and increase in size of joints;
pain when moving and at rest;
hyperemia and swelling of the skin over the joints.

Most often it affects the joints of the lower extremities (ankles, knees). Most likely, this gave rise to the expression “sore throat suffered on the legs.” Meanwhile, with a rheumatic attack, they also suffer small joints arms, elbows and other groups of joints.

Sometimes after tonsillitis the appendix can become inflamed, but sore throat causes such a complication very rarely.

Sepsis is a terrible and dangerous disease, can also develop after tonsillitis.

Local complications with angina

Sore throat can also cause local complications, such as otitis media. Usually this condition is recorded after catarrhal tonsillitis. However, other forms of the disease can provoke similar consequences, both in adults and children.

Otitis is typically characterized by inflammation of the middle ear, and in pathological process The eardrum is also involved.

The following symptoms are characteristic of inflammation:

increased body temperature;
severe pain with shooting in the ear;
general deterioration of health;
decreased or even complete loss of hearing.

A complication of angina can be in the form of mastoiditis - inflammation of the mastoid process. The clinical picture of the disease is similar to the signs of otitis media, but the pain is localized behind the auricle.

What other complications can a sore throat cause?

Abscess and phlegmon of fiber.
Development of pneumonia.
Swelling of the larynx.

And these are not all the complications from sore throat that can occur in adults and children.

After purulent or follicular tonsillitis, phlegmon or abscess of the peritonsil tissue may occur.

Phlegmon is a diffuse purulent inflammation. An abscess is characterized by clear boundaries. Nevertheless, clinical picture these two pathological conditions is the same:

Severe sore throat.
Enlarged lymph nodes.
Increased body temperature.

The process of swallowing becomes so painful that the patient is forced to strongly clench his jaw. Treatment of abscess and phlegmon is only surgical. Otherwise, there is no way to ensure the release of purulent contents.

Complications from tonsillitis are very numerous, including swelling of the larynx. At the initial stage after tonsillitis, voice changes may occur. The patient tries with all his might to clear his throat, but he fails.

Such complications with angina are very dangerous, as they often cause death.

Phlegmonous disease often leads to the development of bleeding from the tonsils. They can occur when the arteries that supply the palatine tonsils are damaged.

Such complications with angina require immediate hospitalization of the patient.

How to prevent complications with sore throat

Complications of angina are very common, but they can be avoided, and for this all people need to adhere to the following recommendations:

To prevent complications with angina, the patient should remain in bed. Moreover, this rule must be followed even when the body temperature has returned to normal, but there are still some changes in the oropharynx.
Tonsillitis must be treated promptly and adequately. Local therapy should consist of frequent gargling and the use of aerosol antiseptics.
It is necessary to regularly lubricate the affected tonsils.
Drugs should be taken in accordance with the cause of the disease (antiviral, antibacterial).
The patient should drink as much warm or hot liquid as possible.
After the disease has subsided, it is necessary to limit physical activity for some time and avoid hypothermia.
In order to prevent the disease, it is necessary to constantly increase your immunity. To do this, you need to take natural immunomodulators, which are decoctions of rose hips and feijoa with honey.

After suffering from tonsillitis, the patient should be observed for some time by his attending physician and periodically have his blood tested. Laboratory research necessary to control the functionality of all organs and systems. All this is colorful and detailed in the video in this article.