Why do you feel dizzy? The most common reasons. Causes of constant and severe dizziness Why can you feel dizzy often?

The manifestations of a stroke depend on its stage and the location of the affected area of ​​the brain. In some cases, the disease may be asymptomatic when collateralization of blood flow is activated, that is, the blood supply to the brain is carried out by bypass routes.

Most characteristic features stroke are:

• amaurosis - partial or complete loss of vision due to damage to the retina or optic nerve;
• hemiparesis ( weakening of movements and muscle strength in the limbs of the right or left half of the body);
• headache;
• nausea, vomiting;
• speech disorder ( dysarthria);
• disturbance of consciousness;
• dizziness;
• blurred vision, nystagmus.

In case of a stroke, it is very important to deliver the patient to a medical facility as early as possible, since the risk of severe complications increases with every minute.

Arterial hypertension
Arterial hypertension is an increase in blood pressure. Arterial hypertension can be primary or secondary. Primary hypertension is an increase in blood pressure, the cause of which cannot be determined. Secondary hypertension develops as a result of a disease and is one of its symptoms. Increased blood pressure leads to impaired blood circulation in the brain and heart.

The main manifestations of increased blood pressure are:

• headaches, especially in the back of the head;
• flashing “flies” before the eyes;
• dizziness;
• tinnitus;
• dyspnea.

Physiological dizziness

Dizziness does not always accompany illness. In some cases, this symptom is temporary, representing the body's reaction to certain factors. In such cases, dizziness disappears when these factors and their effects are eliminated.

Physiological dizziness may occur in following cases:

• improper dieting;
• starvation;
• blood donation;
• change in atmospheric pressure;
• alcohol intoxication.

Improper dieting
With long-term diets, the body is depleted, which is “deprived” of the elements necessary to maintain normal life. We are not talking about therapeutic diets, which are of particular importance for certain pathologies. Therapeutic diets cannot lead to dizziness, since they have sufficient caloric content and variety of foods and are aimed at improving the patient’s condition. Dizziness often occurs when following weight loss diets without first consulting with professionals in the field. Diets that are based on one food product, as well as diets that provide a very small amount of food that does not cover the body's needs, lead to dizziness.

Starvation
Fasting is mainly manifested by dizziness, loss of consciousness, and general malaise. This is due to the fact that food does not enter the body and energy reserves are depleted. During fasting, the energy costs that a person produces as a result of physical and mental activity are not covered and characteristic symptoms appear. In theory therapeutic fasting may have positive result in some pathological conditions, however, all these points must be discussed with a doctor.

Motion sickness
Motion sickness ( seasickness, kinetosis) is a fairly common problem. This is a condition accompanied by dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and malaise. As a rule, motion sickness occurs while traveling by car, boat, or plane. Children get motion sickness most often. This is due to the fact that the children's vestibular analyzer is not yet fully formed. In general, the mechanism for the occurrence of motion sickness consists of an imbalance between impulses entering the central nervous system from vestibular apparatus and a visual analyzer.

Failure to comply with certain rules when donating blood
We are talking about donating and donating venous blood for various tests. When donating blood, a small amount of blood is usually taken for testing ( a few milliliters), which cannot negatively affect the human condition. However, in some cases, after this procedure the patient may become ill, dizzy, or even faint. This is usually associated with fear of the procedure or the sight of blood, and is especially common in children.

Sometimes donation, despite all the positive aspects, can lead to such unpleasant consequences as dizziness. As a rule, this is due to the fact that a relatively large amount of blood is lost in a short period of time. It is recommended that after passing, do not make sudden movements, do not overexert yourself, and drink sweet tea.

Changes in atmospheric pressure
The human body is sensitive to changes in atmospheric pressure. Usually when sudden change atmospheric pressure, headache, weakness, fatigue, dizziness, and decreased performance begin. Such symptoms can occur both with an increase and decrease in blood pressure. Climbing to great heights may cause dizziness due to the fact that with the ascent Atmosphere pressure decreases, the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmospheric air decreases. This, in turn, leads to a decrease in hemoglobin oxygen saturation, which leads to a state of hypoxia and dizziness.

Alcohol intoxication
Dizziness in this condition occurs as a result of interruptions in the functioning of the cerebellum. Dizziness and imbalance can be acute, temporary symptoms resulting from the consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol, or they can be chronic symptoms resulting from chronic abuse of alcoholic beverages. Acute effects of alcohol are manifested by impaired coordination of movements and gait. This is due to a disruption in the interaction of brain structures responsible for coordinating movements and maintaining balance.

Alcohol consumption can cause alcoholic positional nystagmus and dizziness, which occurs in two stages. In the first stage, alcohol diffuses ( penetrates) into the inner ear, primarily into the cupula, due to which its specific gravity changes, since the density of alcohol is lower than that of water. When the head is positioned straight, nothing happens, but as soon as you change the position of the body, dizziness and nystagmus are established. After some time, the same concentration of alcohol is achieved in the cupula and endolymph. At this point the symptoms disappear. After approximately 6–8 hours, alcohol is reabsorbed from the system inner ear, primarily from the cupula, which becomes heavier than the endolymph. At this point, dizziness and nystagmus reappear ( second phase).

The chronic effects of alcohol on the body damage the structures of the nervous system, especially the centers and pathways that regulate balance and coordination of movements. This, in turn, leads to impaired coordination of movements, balance, and a shaky and uncertain gait.

Diagnosis of the causes of dizziness

Dizziness is a symptom of a large number of diseases. Accordingly, there are many different reasons that can cause it. Diagnosis of the causes of dizziness should be comprehensive and have a wide range diagnostic methods. If you experience dizziness that does not go away for a long time or manifests itself in frequent attacks, you should consult a doctor for full examination and discovering the causes of this condition.

Which doctor should you consult if you have dizziness?

Dizziness can be a symptom of diseases of various organs and systems. In this regard, a large number of different specialists can deal with the problem of dizziness.

Doctors to contact if you are experiencing dizziness include:

• family doctor;
• therapist;
• ENT doctor ( otorhinolaryngologist);
• neurologist;
• hematologist;
• ophthalmologist.

You should first contact your family doctor, who has a more general understanding of the patient’s condition, chronic diseases and risk factors. A family doctor can make a diagnosis and prescribe outpatient treatment. In some cases, consultation with specialists of a narrower profile is necessary. For example, to clarify a disease of the vestibular apparatus, a consultation with a neurologist and an otorhinolaryngologist is necessary. If dizziness is caused by anemia, you should consult a hematologist to clarify the causes and mechanism of occurrence and treatment. The therapist can also deal with the problem of dizziness if it is associated with diseases of the internal organs ( heart disease, diabetes). To identify eye pathology as the cause of dizziness, a complete diagnosis of the organ of vision is necessary.

Diagnosis of the causes of dizziness

Diagnosis of the causes of dizziness currently includes many research methods that are available in most medical institutions. Diagnostics is based on subjective sensations and objective examination of the patient, data from specific diagnostic tests, results of laboratory and instrumental studies.

The following methods are used to diagnose the causes of dizziness:

• physical examination;
• X-ray examination;
• ultrasonography cerebral vessels;
• special diagnostic tests and maneuvers.

Physical examination
This is the first stage in diagnosing the causes of dizziness. At this stage, the doctor collects key data that gives a general idea of ​​the patient’s condition and indicates a possible cause of the disease. The doctor’s first actions are questioning the patient, which begins with identifying the patient’s complaints.

When complaining of dizziness, it is of great importance:

• duration of dizziness;
• under what conditions does it appear;
• what symptoms accompany dizziness;
• how long ago did this symptom appear;
• what is the frequency of attacks;
• if there is a connection with a change in body or head position;
• what the patient does during attacks;
• taking antibiotics before symptoms appear.

After a detailed questioning of the patient, the doctor proceeds to an objective examination. An objective examination also allows you to find signs of disease in a particular organ or system.

Details to pay attention to during an objective examination:

• color skin;
• tremor;
• nystagmus;
• patient instability;
• unsteady gait.

A physical examination of the patient is followed by the appointment of laboratory and instrumental research methods in order to confirm or exclude certain pathologies.

General blood analysis
The object of study of this method is the cellular composition of blood. A general blood test is an accessible, inexpensive and informative method, the results of which can be obtained fairly quickly.

To diagnose dizziness, the following indicators of a general blood test are important:

• Leukocytes (white blood cells) are responsible for immunity and fighting infections. White blood cells may be elevated in the presence of an infectious process in the body.
• Red blood cells (red blood cells) - blood cells that contain hemoglobin and are involved in oxygen transport. Establishing the number and characteristics of red blood cells is important for the differential diagnosis of anemia.
• Hemoglobin– a protein that is located in red blood cells and is responsible for the transport of oxygen. Hemoglobin levels decrease in iron deficiency anemia.
• Platelets- These are blood platelets that participate in the process of blood clotting. Platelets can be reduced in some types of anemia, in autoimmune diseases, and acute infectious diseases.
• ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) is a nonspecific indicator of the presence of an inflammatory process in the body.

General urine analysis
IN general analysis urine, it is important to pay attention to indicators that change in the presence of violations metabolic processes (diabetes) – the appearance of ketone bodies, glucose, protein, red blood cells in the urine.

Blood chemistry
This method research is also important for diagnosing the causes of dizziness. Analysis results can be obtained within one day.

Indicators of a biochemical blood test that are informative in diagnosing the causes of dizziness are:

• Glucose– for the diagnosis of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia;
• AST (aspartate aminotransferase) is an enzyme that is found in large quantities in the heart muscle. The level of AST increases with myocardial infarction, hepatitis, and systemic diseases.
• Lipidogram (triglycerides, lipoproteins, cholesterol). Changes in these indicators are important for diagnosing atherosclerosis.
• Serum iron may be reduced in case of anemia.

ECG
ECG ( electrocardiogram) allows you to identify cardiac pathologies that can cause dizziness - myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, heart defects. An electrocardiogram allows for differential diagnosis, confirmation or exclusion of various heart pathologies.

EEG
EEG ( electroencephalography) is a very sensitive method, which is necessarily prescribed for attacks of dizziness. Using EEG, you can detect the smallest changes in the cerebral cortex and assess the functional state of the brain. An EEG is performed using an electroencephalograph, which is equipped with special electrodes. The electrodes are fixed on the head with a special cap. During the study, the frequency and amplitude of oscillations, rhythms that correspond to a certain state of the brain are analyzed. This research method has no limitations in use or contraindications. Diseases that can be diagnosed using EEG are cerebral circulatory disorders, brain injuries, brain tumors, convulsive conditions, age-related changes in the brain.

X-ray examination
X-ray examination of the spine can reveal osteochondrosis of the cervical spine.

Ultrasound of brain and neck vessels
Ultrasound ( ultrasonography) vessels is highly informative, absolutely harmless and has no contraindications. The method also does not require special preparation; before the study, it is only necessary to avoid taking medications that can affect vascular tone.

Ultrasound examination of the vessels of the brain and neck can be of the following types:

• Dopplerography allows you to assess the condition of blood vessels and blood flow, and detect hemodynamic disorders. The doctor examines these indicators by placing an ultrasound sensor on certain points of the head.
• Duplex ultrasound– a method for studying the vessels of the brain and neck, allowing to assess the structure and functional state of the vessels, to detect pathological changes. Duplex examination is more informative, since it can also be used to detect structural changes blood vessels, anomalies, the presence of atherosclerotic plaques, blood clots.

The ultrasound sensor is located on the surface of the head or neck, depending on the location of the vessels that are to be examined. It can be located on the neck, temples, or forehead. During the study it is possible to perform functional tests, in order to assess the effect of loads or changes in body and head position on the condition of blood vessels and blood flow.

CT
CT scan is a method based on X-ray radiation. The study is carried out using a computed tomograph. Before the study, the patient is injected intravenously with a contrast agent, which allows visualization of the vessels. Using CT, you can evaluate the condition of both veins and arteries. An important diagnostic sign that can be detected using CT is leukoaraiosis, which occurs with prolonged ischemia of the white matter of the brain. Leukoaraiosis often accompanies multiple sclerosis, discirculatory encephalopathy, and diabetic angiopathy.

MRI of the brain
MRI ( Magnetic resonance imaging) is an instrumental research method that is based on the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance.

MRI of the brain is prescribed in the following situations:

• traumatic brain injuries;
• suspected brain tumor;
• multiple sclerosis;
• stroke;
• frequent headaches and dizziness of unknown etiology.

MRI is contraindicated for people who have various dentures, braces, or implants that contain metal parts.

MRI can detect:

• cerebral atherosclerosis;
• multiple sclerosis;
• tumors;
• inflammatory processes;
• consequences of injuries;
• stroke.

Special diagnostic tests and maneuvers
In addition to modern research methods, which make it possible to detect a wide range of pathologies, doctors use special diagnostic tests or samples. These tests still do not lose their relevance, as they are exceptionally informative.

To diagnose the causes of dizziness, doctors use the following tests and maneuvers:

• Romberg pose is an important diagnostic test. The Romberg pose is carried out as follows - the subject should be in a standing position with his eyes closed, with his feet together and with his arms extended forward. The test is considered positive if the patient cannot maintain balance, begins to stagger, or even falls. The Romberg pose allows you to detect diseases of the vestibular apparatus, central nervous system, and sensitivity disorders. In some cases, the direction of staggering or falling can indicate the approximate localization of the pathology.
• Halmagi sample informative for lesions of the peripheral part of the vestibular analyzer. To perform this test, the subject must fix his gaze on the bridge of the doctor’s nose, and at this time the doctor clasps the patient’s head with both hands and slightly turns it to the left and to the right. Normally, the gaze should remain fixed. In the presence of pathological abnormalities the patient cannot keep his gaze fixed on the bridge of the nose, and the eyeballs turn along with the head.
• Dix–Hallpike test. The patient is in the initial sitting position with his back straight. The doctor then turns his head 45 degrees. After this, the patient should quickly lie on his back and throw his head back. The patient lies in this position for approximately 30 seconds. If nystagmus and dizziness appear during this time, the test is considered positive.

Treatment of diseases leading to dizziness

There are a lot of diseases that lead to dizziness. From this it follows that the treatment is very diverse. Treatment is, firstly, symptomatic, that is, it is aimed at stopping the attack of dizziness. Then they move on to the etiological ( aimed at eliminating the cause) and pathogenetic ( acting on the mechanism of disease occurrence) treatment.

Method of treating pathology leading to dizziness

Treatment methods for pathologies leading to dizziness are aimed at improving the patient’s condition and preventing relapses ( reappearances) attacks of dizziness.

In general, all methods of treating diseases leading to dizziness can be divided into two groups:

• conservative methods;
• surgical methods.

Conservative methods of treating the causes of dizziness include drug treatment and special maneuvers.

Drug treatment of the causes of dizziness

Drug group name	Group representatives	Mechanism of action
H1-histamine receptor blockers	dimenhydrinate; diphenhydramine; promethazine	They have an antiemetic effect, eliminate nausea and dizziness, and reduce stimulation of vestibular receptors. They can be used for motion sickness.
Nootropics	Memoplant	Improve neuroplasticity, increase the resistance of nervous tissue to oxygen deficiency.
Corticosteroids	methylprednisolone.	Improve general state.
Antiemetics	ondansetron.	Reduce vomiting in vestibular disorders.
Anticholinergics	scopolamine; platiphylline.	Inhibits the activity of central vestibular structures.
Benzodiazepines	diazepam; clonazepam; lorazepam.	Reduce vestibular dizziness.
Correctors for cerebrovascular accidents	cinnarizine; Vinpocetine.	Improve cerebral circulation
Diuretics (diuretics)	furosemide; hydrochlorothiazide.	Reduce the volume of endolymph.
Histaminomimetics	betahistine hydrochloride.	They act on the central and peripheral parts of the vestibular apparatus, improve blood supply to the inner ear, and normalize endolymph pressure in the labyrinth.

Along with the use of medications, maneuvers that aim to improve the patient’s condition are more effective.

The following maneuvers are used in the treatment of dizziness:

• Epley maneuver– used in the treatment of benign positional paroxysmal vertigo. This maneuver cannot completely eliminate the problem with this disease ( otolithiasis), but it allows them to move to other areas, which helps in eliminating dizziness. The maneuver is performed by specialized medical personnel, but can also be performed at home, only with caution. Initially, the patient should sit upright on the couch. Then you need to turn your head towards the affected ear 45 degrees and lie down. You need to lie in this position for about 60 - 120 seconds. Then the head is turned towards the healthy ear by 90 degrees. Along with turning the head, the body is also turned. As a result, the person lies on his side with his face turned towards the floor. You need to lie in this position for 1 – 2 minutes. Then the patient slowly returns to the starting position. While performing the maneuver, you need to place a cushion under your back. The maneuver is performed so that the otoliths from the posterior semicircular canal move to the vestibule and undergo reabsorption there.
• Semont maneuver can also be performed with the help of a doctor or on your own. The patient is in the initial sitting position, turns his head towards the healthy ear and sits in this position. During the entire procedure, the position of the head remains fixed, only the position of the body changes. Next, the patient lies down on the affected side and remains in this position for 1 to 2 minutes. Then the patient should lie on the other side and also wait one to two minutes. After this, you need to take the starting position and only then straighten your head.
• BBQ rotation method or Lempert method is a modified version of the Epley maneuver. The purpose of the maneuver is to move the otoliths located in the horizontal semicircular canal into the vestibule. Initially, the patient is in a supine position with his head turned towards the healthy ear. This position is maintained for 30 - 60 seconds. Then the patient gradually turns onto his side ( towards the healthy ear), on your back, on the other side and again finds itself in its original position. It is recommended to repeat the maneuver several times. Each time you turn your body, you need to pause for 30–60 seconds.

Surgical treatment is prescribed if there is no effect from conservative treatment.

Surgical treatment of the causes of dizziness can be carried out using following methods:

• Dissection of the vestibular nerve. The vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve is cut to stop the transmission of balance impulses. However, this function is compensated by a healthy ear. The operation can be complicated by hearing loss, since the vestibular and auditory nerves are in close proximity, and therefore requires high qualifications and specialization of the doctor.
• Endolymphatic sac bypass. The purpose of the operation is to separate the endolymphatic sac and the endolymphatic duct, which leads to a decrease in endolymph pressure. Surgery is usually performed for Meniere's disease.
• Classic labyrinthectomy. This operation is performed in the absence of more gentle treatment methods; in fact, this is the last way out of the current situation. This operation is radical and involves complete removal of the labyrinth. After this, the brain can no longer receive information from the component of the inner ear responsible for sensing gravity and changes in movement.
• Chemical labyrinthectomy. During this intervention in the middle ear cavity ( tympanic cavity) medications are administered that are toxic to the sensitive cells of the vestibular apparatus. Antibiotics are usually used as such drugs ( gentamicin, streptomycin). The drug is absorbed through the round window and leads to destruction ( destruction) sensory cells of the vestibular apparatus, as a result of which these cells can no longer send information to the brain.
• Laser destruction otolith receptors of the vestibule and receptors of the semicircular canals helps get rid of dizziness.
• Blocking the lumen of the semicircular canal helps block the movement of otoliths.
• Vision correction in case of visual impairment as a cause of dizziness, it helps to get rid of this symptom.
• Removal of tumors as a radical method of treating the causes of dizziness.
• Operation Ginsberg carried out for purulent labyrinthitis. It begins with opening the cochlea and vestibule, and then the semicircular canals.
• Neumann labyrinthotomy consists of opening the semicircular canals and vestibule with uncomplicated labyrinthitis.
• Vestibular implant. The introduction of a vestibular implant is one of the latest treatments for vestibular vertigo. This method is not yet available to the general public. At the moment, a small number of such operations have been carried out in the world, but their high effectiveness is confirmed.
• Treatment method for Chiari malformation consists of enlarging the posterior cranial fossa, thus eliminating compression of the brain structures and normalizing the outflow cerebrospinal fluid.
• Treatment method for Kimmerle anomaly consists of removing an additional arch, which helps normalize blood flow and blood supply to the brain.

Traditional methods of treating dizziness

There are many decoctions, teas and infusions, the effectiveness of which has been proven by many years of experience. Practitioners approve of the treatment of dizziness with folk remedies, but recommend combining it with medical supplies and only after consultation with a specialist.

The most famous are the following traditional methods which have a positive effect in the treatment of dizziness:

• Melissa tea. To prepare it, you need to grind one tablespoon of fresh or dry lemon balm leaves and pour 1 cup of boiling water. You should drink the drink if you feel dizzy. Melissa normalizes cerebral circulation, improves brain function, and relieves headaches.
• Hawthorn tincture. It is necessary to finely chop 100 g of hawthorn buds, add to them 30 g of honey, 1 g of cinnamon, 1 g of vanilla and 700 ml of any cognac. Shake everything well and store in a warm and dark place. Drink one tablespoon half an hour before meals for 2 to 3 months. Hawthorn fruits contain vitamins, organic acids, fatty oils, choline. Active ingredients hawthorn improves coronary and cerebral circulation, eliminates dizziness. Frequent use of hawthorn causes drowsiness. Pregnant women should not take hawthorn.
• Tea with apple cider vinegar and honey. The drink is prepared with the following proportions: for one glass of boiling water there are two teaspoons apple cider vinegar and a teaspoon of honey. It is advisable to drink the drink in the morning, immediately after waking up or before meals. Tea has a calming effect on the central nervous system and helps reduce cholesterol levels.

Massage with essential oils also helps with dizziness. You need to take 100 ml of 10% camphor, 10 ml of juniper and 30 ml fir oil, shake thoroughly, and immediately apply the mixture to all lymph nodes of the head.

Acupressure helps a lot. You need to press on points located along the inner edges of the eyebrows, on the back and lower edges of the earlobes, at the base of the nose, above the upper edges of the auricles and in the middle of the tragus ( small cartilaginous protuberance on the outer ear). You need to press for 4 - 5 minutes, then you can massage the entire occipital area.

Treatment with traditional methods has the following advantages:

• harmlessness and absence of side effects ( except in cases of individual intolerance);
• possibility of long-term use;
• relatively inexpensive cost of medicinal herbs;
• availability ( can be found in almost any pharmacy).

It is impossible to overcome dizziness only with the help of traditional medicine, but these methods are very good additional therapy. It must be remembered that, along with the positive qualities, traditional methods of treatment can also harm health, so you should not self-medicate, but consult with a specialist. on this occasion.

Why does dizziness occur during pregnancy?

Dizziness during pregnancy can occur for many reasons, which can be pathological or physiological. In some cases, this symptom appears as a result of improper behavior of a pregnant woman, which may include overeating or, conversely, undernutrition, a passive lifestyle, smoking and drinking harmful drinks ( alcohol, energy drinks). Dizziness can also appear at elevated ambient temperatures, in a stuffy room, which can lead to fainting.

Conditions that may cause dizziness during pregnancy are:

• Toxicosis of pregnant women. This condition occurs in almost half of pregnant women. Toxicosis is manifested by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and weakness. Toxicosis of pregnant women usually disappears in the second trimester. In most women, these symptoms are short-term and mildly pronounced and are not considered a pathology. If the symptoms are extremely pronounced, the woman’s general condition sharply worsens, and significant weight loss occurs, this may be a sign of serious metabolic disorders. In this case, you must seek medical help.
• Anemia. Anemia is a condition that often accompanies pregnancy. In most cases, anemia in pregnant women is iron deficiency. Its appearance is facilitated by the increased need for iron in the woman’s body during this period. Also, an important role in the occurrence of anemia during pregnancy is played by insufficient intake of substances necessary for erythropoiesis ( red blood cell formation). This condition is characterized by weakness, fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath, pallor, dry skin and brittle nails.
• TORCH infections. Infections in this group include toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes and other infections that can lead to pregnancy complications, fetal damage, development intrauterine infections, fetal malformations. It is recommended to take tests for the presence of these diseases before pregnancy or at least in its early stages.
• Preeclampsia is a condition that can threaten the life of the fetus and the woman. This condition is manifested by a significant increase in blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, and blurred vision. Preeclampsia can be complicated by eclampsia, which is characterized by a critical increase in blood pressure and damage to the central nervous system ( central nervous system), kidney.
• Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy in which the development of a fertilized egg occurs outside the uterus. Localization ectopic pregnancy may be in the ovary, fallopian tube, abdominal cavity. This condition is very dangerous due to the fact that it entails bleeding. The clinical picture is represented by sharp and severe pain in the abdomen, weakness, dizziness, and pallor. The main method of treating ectopic pregnancy is surgical.

If dizziness occurs, a pregnant woman should definitely consult a doctor in order to make a diagnosis and rule out serious illnesses that could endanger the life of the pregnant woman and the fetus or lead to complications during and after childbirth.

In order to prevent the appearance of such an unpleasant symptom as dizziness in a pregnant woman, the following preventive measures can be taken:

• balanced diet;
• frequent walks in the fresh air;
• frequent ventilation of premises;
• eliminating bad habits;
• timely examination by a doctor;
• avoidance of stressful situations.

Why does dizziness and abdominal pain occur?

The combination of abdominal pain and dizziness often occurs with diseases of the abdominal organs, injuries, and tumors. In some cases, such symptoms occur during stressful situations or prolonged mental stress. In any case, this condition requires medical intervention. Self-medication and self-diagnosis must be excluded, as this can lead to undesirable consequences.

Abdominal pain is often accompanied by dizziness in the following pathological conditions:

• Acute stomach is a group of acute surgical diseases characterized by damage to the abdominal organs with the risk of developing peritonitis ( inflammation of the peritoneum). Such diseases include acute appendicitis, acute pancreatitis, acute cholecystitis, acute intestinal obstruction, splenic rupture, perforation of gastric and duodenal ulcers and other diseases. Clinical symptoms are very diverse and most often manifest themselves sharp pain in various areas of the abdomen, fever, tachycardia, nausea and vomiting, headache and dizziness, weakness.
• Tumors. Tumors of the abdominal organs may cause pain and dizziness, especially in late stages tumors with the presence of metastases in the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system.

The causes of dizziness in women can be:
• Menstrual irregularities, such as dysfunctional uterine bleeding, algodismenorrhea, can cause dizziness in women. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding can lead to anemia and gradual weakening of the body. Algodismenorrhea can be primary or secondary. Primary algodismenorrhea is associated with functional changes in the genital organs. Secondary algodismenorrhea accompanies pathological changes in the pelvic organs. This pathological condition is characterized by sharp and excruciating pain in the lower abdomen during the first days of menstruation, which is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, flatulence, and fainting.
• Premenstrual syndrome is a set of symptoms that appears a few days before menstruation and disappears during the first days. The clinical picture of premenstrual syndrome includes headache, dizziness, apathy, depression, and aggressiveness.
• Anemia, associated with menstruation. In some women, the discharge of blood during menstruation is profuse, and the menstruation itself is long ( more than 5 – 6 days), which gradually leads to the development of anemia.
• Infectious diseases of female genitalia organs can be caused by pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and be accompanied by both locally manifested symptoms and general symptoms ( fever, weakness, dizziness).
• Menopause– This is the transition period from a woman’s reproductive period to the post-reproductive period. During this period, a woman’s body undergoes hormonal changes. In general, this period is easily tolerated, but in some cases it is necessary to resort to hormonal therapy.

In order to prevent dizziness associated with the described conditions, it is necessary to undergo regular preventive medical examinations.

Why might a child feel dizzy?



Dizziness in a child is a serious and complex problem, since it is sometimes quite difficult to understand that a child is dizzy, especially in an infant. In general, the causes of dizziness in children are similar to those in adults. Thus, dizziness in a child can be caused by vestibular and non-vestibular causes.

The most common reasons that can cause dizziness in a child are:

• increased intracranial pressure;
• otitis media;
• vestibular neuritis;
• head injury;
• acute labyrinthitis;
• epileptic seizures;
• anemia;
• seasickness.

Also, the child often feels dizzy when intracranial hypertension (increased intracranial pressure). This condition is accompanied by dizziness and severe headaches. Nausea and vomiting often occur. In infants, the fontanelles swell and pulsate strongly. The child becomes drowsy or, conversely, irritable.

Dizziness often accompanies epileptic seizures. These are sudden and repeated attacks of seizures that occur as a result of a disorder electrical activity brain.

Exposing a child to heat or direct sunlight for long periods of time can cause heat stroke. Heatstroke is a consequence of disruption of the body's thermoregulation process. This condition is manifested by vomiting, sudden dizziness, weakness, tachycardia, shortness of breath.

Dizziness in a child can be caused by physiological reasons. The child feels unwell when traveling by water transport, in a car, on a bus, or on an airplane. This condition is called kinetosis or seasickness. The more motion sickness, the more the child’s condition worsens. A provocateur of dizziness is reading or playing on the phone while traveling. A false feeling of dizziness may appear when you feel hungry. This condition occurs as a result of a decrease in blood glucose levels. After eating, this condition disappears.

If a child begins to exhibit strange behavior with unsteadiness in gait, dizziness, falling ( we are not talking about children who are just learning to walk) you should immediately consult a doctor for advice. Even if the attack of dizziness was a one-time attack. There is no need to wait for repeated attacks. It is better to make sure that the child’s condition is not in danger. If a child has an attack of dizziness that lasts more than half an hour, you should call ambulance.

Why does dizziness occur in older people?

Dizziness is a common complaint among older people during medical consultations. In old age, most people have chronic diseases that can affect varying degrees organs and organ systems. During this period of life, the body becomes weaker and more susceptible to various diseases.

Dizziness in older people can occur for many reasons:

• Circulatory disorders. The risk of developing circulatory disorders increases several times with age. Conditions such as ischemic disease, stroke, discirculatory encephalopathy, increased blood pressure, which are a consequence of impaired blood supply and appear more often in old age, are often accompanied by dizziness.
• Diseases of the vestibular analyzer. The vestibular analyzer consists of a central and peripheral part. Damage to any part of this analyzer is accompanied by dizziness. Examples of such lesions are labyrinthitis, benign positional paroxysmal vertigo, and Meniere's disease. Often vestibular vertigo is accompanied by nystagmus, nausea, vomiting, and weakness.
• Degenerative changes in the spine lead to compression of the nerve roots and blood vessels. Such conditions are observed with intervertebral hernia, cervical osteochondrosis.
• Neurological diseases, among which the most common is Parkinson's disease. This disease is manifested clinically by tremor, instability, dizziness, decreased muscle tone.
• Hormonal changes , which mainly occur in women as they age during menopause.
• Visual impairment. The incidence of visual impairment is increasing due to age-related changes. These disorders include presbyopia ( inability to view objects at short distances), cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma.
• Social maladjustment, which includes the appearance of phobias, a decrease in physical capabilities, and a change in social status. Anxiety, depression, and irritability develop. Elderly people complain of dizziness, instability when walking, heaviness in the head.

The cause of dizziness is not easy to determine. But, nevertheless, it is necessary to identify the factor that leads to the occurrence of pathology and find the correct treatment. If you are concerned about frequent attacks of dizziness, you should consult a specialist and undergo a timely examination.

Dizziness under any circumstances is an individual sensation that varies depending on psychological perception his specific person. Typically, people complain of the feeling of falling, rotating, turning over, both the body and surrounding objects.

According to the latest medical data, this is the second most common symptom after spinal cord and with which patients consult doctors. Every fourth person who comes to see a doctor indicates the presence of this symptom, while in the elderly group, 4 out of 5 patients suffer from this pathogenic condition.

Symptoms

Basic symptoms of dizziness include subjective feeling instability and disorientation in space, accompanied by false rotational movement of the body or the environment. Often, this state accompanied by tinnitus or one-sided deafness, darkening of the eyes, a feeling of anxiety, general weakness, and a premonition of loss of consciousness. Unpleasant sensations intensifies when trying to start moving, sharp turns of the head.

Causes of dizziness

The systemic mechanism of dizziness is based on an imbalance of sensory information entering the brain from basic afferent systems - the vestibular apparatus, as well as the visual and proprioceative complexes. In this case, the incoming information undergoes cortical processing and forms incorrect feedback with the efferent link.

Modern medicine includes up to 80 diseases that may exhibit the above-mentioned symptoms - these are various pathologies of the neurological, cardiovascular, mental, ophthalmological, endocrinological, and otolaryngological systems of the body. Also, dizziness can be of a physiological nature and caused by objective or subjective (individual characteristics of the body) factors.

Dizziness in a healthy person causes

• Adrenaline rush. The stress hormone increases blood pressure, constricts blood vessels and thus produces a temporary disruption in the delivery of oxygen to the brain, which negatively affects the processing of signals from afferent systems.
• Fast nonlinear body movement. With sudden movements with constant changes in their vector in several planes, the balance organs do not have time to adapt and correctly send nerve impulses to the brain (a typical example is riding on a carousel).
• Impaired focusing of the visual organs. When concentrating your gaze on a fixed point for a long period of time and then changing this state to a dynamic one, a feeling of rotation of the environment arises.
• Prepubertal period. In adolescents who are active in this period of time, the blood vessels and brain are still in the growth stage, with sharp turns, bends, rotational movements may be misinterpreted by the nervous system.
• Poor nutrition. With a lack of glucose in the body, dizziness very often occurs, and the modern rhythm of life of a city dweller often does not allow for proper nutrition, as a result of which this monosaccharide is constantly lacking.

Most common pathogenic causes

• Cardiovascular diseases. , ischemia, vein thrombosis, rheumatic carditis, problems with peripheral arteries and other problems can cause severe dizziness with loss of consciousness.
• Otolaryngological diseases. Most often, dizziness is caused in this case by Meniere's disease, as well as vestibular neuritis. The symptom is often accompanied by hearing loss.
• Neurological problems. Basilar migraine and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are diagnosed in almost a third of all patients who apply. Sudden short-term attacks are accompanied by involuntary eye movements. A little less often, psychogenic dizziness occurs.
• - symptoms are similar to classic neurological problems, but usually last longer and in a more “blurred form”, and are effectively eliminated by an experienced vertebrologist.
• Brain tumors. In oncology practice, doctors note the appearance of symptoms of dizziness along with headache, impaired trophism of peripheral systems and increased ICP.
• Taking a number of medications that cause adverse reactions in the form of dizziness, in particular tranquilizers, sedatives, some antiseptics and antibiotics.
• Bad habits - frequent smoking, hangover syndrome.

My head is spinning. Treatment

There is no specific treatment for dizziness, since this condition can be a symptom of more than eight dozen different diseases or a physiological feature. Therapy for vertigo is aimed only at eliminating symptoms; in any case, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive diagnosis to determine the true cause of the problem.

Drugs

Most often, to relieve or prevent the occurrence of another attack, cinnarizine, scopolamine, motilium, betahistine or diphenhydramine are prescribed. The dosage of drugs is selected individually and depends on a number of factors - the current state of the body, the cause of the symptom, return, etc.

Diet

Reduce attacks of dizziness in most cases by limiting the consumption of coffee, chocolate, tea, alcohol, tobacco, table salt and liquids.

Folk remedies

• Brew a teaspoon of clover in a glass of water, boil for five minutes, strain and drink a tablespoon five times a day for a week.
• Periodically inhale the smell of a fresh cut onion.
• Pour four tablespoons of hawthorn inflorescence with a liter of boiling water, let it brew for 15 minutes. Strain the infusion and drink a glass three times a day for seven days.
• Before eating, eat one teaspoon of ground kelp (preferably in powder form) with the same amount of water.

Any symptomatic treatment procedure must be agreed with a medical specialist. Until the final diagnosis is determined and, accordingly, the cause of the symptom, this will be a therapist, and later - specialists.

When should you see a doctor immediately?

It is important to contact a qualified healthcare professional as soon as possible if dizziness is accompanied by sharp increase fever, vomiting, headache along with weakness in the legs and arms, loss of consciousness, as well as vertigo that does not go away for more than an hour. Also, it is worth paying attention to the symptom without additional pathogenic factors, for hypertensive patients and patients with diabetes mellitus.

Useful video

Dizziness. Causes, symptoms and treatment

What makes you dizzy

Normally, a person’s sense of balance is provided by the vestibular apparatus, located in the inner ear in the cavity of the temporal bone and shaped like a labyrinth. The functions of this paired organ are reduced to processing information about the position of the body at a given moment in time and its position relative to surrounding objects. Information from the labyrinth receptors instantly enters the brain and cerebellum, which send electrical signals to the muscles that support the body in one position or another and give the body the required position.

Disturbances in the blood supply to the brain and inner ear, inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs, injuries and other processes can cause changes in the interconnected functioning of the organ of vision, vestibular apparatus, brain and skeletal muscles. This can lead to loss of balance and comfortable movement in space due to dizziness (vertigo).

According to statistics, only 30% of patients consult a doctor because of dizziness, half of them suffer from frequent and prolonged attacks of imbalance.

What reasons can cause dizziness?

Vertigo can be caused by both fairly harmless reasons and serious diseases that require consultation with a doctor.

Factors that can cause dizziness:

1. Long rotation on a carousel or on a swing - often occurs in children due to a sharp interruption of impulses from the inner ear to the brain. A child who runs in circles for a long time may also become dizzy. Associated with the functional immaturity of the vestibular apparatus in children before the onset of adolescence;
2. Kinetosis– motion sickness in a car, train, or when traveling on water transport. Occurs more often in children under 13–14 years of age, among adults – in 7–10%;
3. Decreased blood flow to the brain due to low blood pressure under severe stress, emotional and mental stress, during the period of hormonal changes in adolescence, in persons with;
4. A sudden surge of adrenaline into the blood during a painful reaction, severe fear, quarrel, strong positive emotions can cause dizziness;
5. Physical fatigue constant lack of sleep, malnutrition (exhausting diets, fasting, vegetarianism);
6. Pregnancy, especially in the first and third trimester. Moderate short-term dizziness during pregnancy – absolutely normal phenomenon, since changes in the level of some hormones in the blood of a pregnant woman lead to insignificant changes. In later stages, the blood supply to the enlarged uterus and growing fetus is greater than to the upper body, so less blood flows through the vessels of the brain. In addition, the uterus compresses large vessels in the abdominal cavity - the inferior vena cava, the aorta;
7. Sudden change in head position or the whole body, for example, when you feel dizzy when getting up from a sitting position - it occurs, that is, a temporary decrease due to blood flow to the muscles lower limbs under the influence of gravity;
8. Being on top may cause an attack of dizziness due to the inability to focus on near and distant objects;
9. Side effects or overdose of certain medications– diphenhydramine, tavegil, amikacin, gentamicin, painkillers, cardiac drugs, tranquilizers, antidepressants, etc. Almost any drug has dizziness in its list of side effects;
10. Smoking causes, including the blood vessels of the brain, and the use of alcohol and drugs has a direct effect on the areas of the brain responsible for coordination and a sense of balance.

Diseases accompanied by dizziness

Depending on whether a pathological process has occurred in the inner ear or not, systemic (true, vestibular) and non-systemic (non-vestibular) vertigo are distinguished.

Systemic vertigo is characterized by a clear sensation of objects rotating around the body or the body itself rotating in space and occurs when the vestibular apparatus or nerve nuclei of the brain responsible for coordination and balance are damaged. Occurs in 25% of all cases of symptoms described by the patient as a state of dizziness. In the rest there are signs of non-systemic dizziness.

Systemic vertigo typical for diseases such as:

Unsystematic dizziness characterized various symptoms, described by the patient as a feeling of lightheadedness, nausea, unsteady gait, a faint state with spots flashing before the eyes and can occur with the following diseases:

1. Neurological diseases– , (), infectious (meningoencephalitis), tumor processes of the brain, ;
2. Psychogenic diseases– neurosis associated with constant stress, depression, anxiety personality disorder;
3. Diseases of the middle and inner ear– otitis, barotrauma (can occur in divers, divers during a sharp dive to great depths), acoustic neuroma;
4. Diseases of the visual apparatus– diabetic retinopathy (retinal pathology), cataracts, glaucoma;
5. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the associated disruption of blood flow through the vessels of the neck and head, for example in the case of cervical or the consequences of spinal trauma in the cervical region, suffer carotid arteries, bringing blood and oxygen to the cranial cavity;
6. – acute (stroke) and chronic ();
7. Diseases of the heart and blood vessels– , aorta and carotid arteries, and;
8. Early and late consequences of traumatic brain injury;
9. Pathological conditions that occur during pregnancy and not only - decrease, deficiency or absence of vitamins in the body.

If you have excluded all factors that provoke dizziness, and unpleasant symptoms persist, you should consult a doctor to be examined for a disease that could cause this condition.

Video: doctor about systemic and non-systemic dizziness

In what diseases can dizziness be combined with other symptoms?

Dizziness and hearing impairment most often occur in diseases of the inner ear or damage to areas of the brain in the vestibular nuclei or cerebellum. In addition to sensations of rotation of the body in space or surrounding objects around the patient, there may also be pain in the ear on the affected side, leakage of fluid or pus from ear canal, tinnitus, distorted perception of sound by the ear on the affected side. Sometimes dizziness and hearing loss can occur during treatment with ototoxic antibiotics - amikacin, gentamicin, streptomycin, etc.

Dizziness and nausea They almost always meet together, and at such moments the patient is also bothered by a general feeling of weakness, fatigue, lightheadedness; he has a “lump” in his throat, sweating, and a feeling of lack of air. Such attacks are typical for any condition or disease that causes dizziness. Often the patient complains of feeling nauseous, dizzy when standing up or when lying down, in a state of hangover.

Dizziness and vomiting. If severe dizziness, and even more so true, is combined with severe nausea, repeated vomiting, headache in the back of the head or in the temporal region, you should immediately measure your blood pressure and consult a doctor. Such conditions can occur when hypertensive crisis or a sharp decrease in blood pressure. Persistent daily vomiting, especially in the morning on an empty stomach, together with frequent dizziness may indicate tumor process in the brain. With a tumor, one should think about the malignancy of the process if the patient notes frequent dizziness, prolonged and rapidly progressing attacks of true vertigo.

Dizziness with osteochondrosis may occur not only in older people, but also in individuals young. The latter fact is due to the fact that young people, students, and office workers spend most of their working day at the computer, practically in one position, and this cannot but affect the functions of the cervical vertebrae. Pathological processes in them lead to muscle spasms and, which impairs blood supply to the brain.

dizziness in modern people (especially young people) often occurs under the influence of problems with the spine

In older people, the carotid arteries are often affected and cannot provide adequate blood flow to the head. Dizziness with osteochondrosis occurs more often in the morning, when standing up suddenly, turning the head or changing the body in bed. It can be combined with headaches, sleep disorders, attention problems, absent-mindedness, forgetfulness, and frequent mood swings. These are symptoms of poor blood flow in the brain.

Weakness and dizziness with normal blood pressure may indicate chronic fatigue, psychogenic diseases, Meniere's disease. Also, these symptoms occur when the level of glucose in the blood decreases in people with anemia, fasting, or a deficiency of vitamins in food. During pregnancy, this condition is often observed in an absolutely healthy woman.

Dizziness and neurological symptoms. Loss of sensation in the limbs, facial asymmetry, inability to maintain a sitting or standing position, speech impairment combined with severe dizziness and or even loss of consciousness may indicate an impending or already developing acute stroke.

Dizziness and impaired coordination of movements found in cerebellar tumors. In addition to the fact that the patient feels dizzy, there is unsteady gait, bending to the side when moving or sitting, unnatural head position, headache of occipital localization, movement eyeballs to the side (nystagmus), visual and speech disturbances.

Currently answering questions: A. Olesya Valerievna, candidate of medical sciences, teacher at a medical university

You can thank a specialist for their help or support the VesselInfo project at any time.

Everyone has felt dizzy at least once. But there are cases when such a condition appears constantly.

This becomes a mandatory reason to visit a specialist, since this phenomenon can be a symptom of various types of diseases.

Treatment for dizziness depends directly on pathological process who accompanies her.

Treatment of dizziness

Dizziness is considered a sensation of spontaneous movement of the body in space or the movement of objects relative to it.

The feeling of dizziness is associated with a feeling of unsteadiness, loss of balance, and in some cases, sometimes the surface under your feet seems to disappear.

Dizziness is usually a harmless sensation and occurs in almost everyone, but when it occurs constantly, in particular if it is intense, you need to mandatory contact a specialist, as this indicates the presence of any diseases.

Often, dizziness occurs during sudden change body position, head injuries, the effects of toxic substances (alcohol, smoking, drugs), stress, etc. on the body.

Treatment of dizziness is complex and involves identifying the provoking factor of the disease.

Sometimes this problem can arise unexpectedly due to natural factors, for example, prolonged rides on attractions, fear of heights.

In such a situation, it is called vertigo, a sensation of rotation of surrounding objects. Psychogenic dizziness is of the same nature.

Often this condition appears during hereditary hypertension.

Symptoms

The symptoms of dizziness are:

• a feeling of rotation, in particular when lifting or turning the head;
• double vision;
• loss of balance;
• general malaise;
• nausea, gag reflex;
• hyperhidrosis;
• feeling of heaviness in the head;
• blurred vision;
• temperature increase;
• tinnitus, hearing loss.

In addition, during certain illnesses, dizziness is associated with:

• unpleasant sensations, discomfort and stiffness of movement in the neck (during osteochondrosis);
• speech disorders, muscle sensitivity and loss of balance (during a stroke);
• intense dizziness may appear in certain body positions, with unpleasant sensations in the head, with deafness on one side (during tumors in the brain);
• severe dizziness, which is associated with nausea, depression and changeable mood, including unconsciousness (during menstruation, menopause, pregnancy at 13 months).

Causes

Before treating dizziness, it is necessary to find out its causes.

This pathology may indicate inconsistent information that enters the central brain from 3 physiological systems responsible for coordination.

Because of this, there are a lot of provoking factors for dizziness. The main ones:

• consumption of alcoholic beverages, smoking, taking drugs;
• severe food intoxication;
• use of certain medications, in particular antibiotics or other drugs for hypertension;
• motion sickness;
• menstrual cycle, menopause;
• pregnancy;
• dietary nutrition, fasting;
• head or spine trauma;
• infectious diseases;
• migraine;
• epileptic seizures;
• Meniere's disease;
• psycho-emotional disorders, stressful situations, anxiety, depressive states and other neurological disorders;
• neoplasm in the brain;
• VSD or neurocirculatory dystonia;
• negative impact on the body external factors: increase or decrease in temperature, increased humidity.

In addition, common causes of pathology include:

• Work in a sitting position. In particular, when the sitting is quite uncomfortable, a significant load is placed on the spine and neck, resulting in a disruption of blood flow to the brain. If the person stands up, slight dizziness will occur.
• Stroke. Dizziness during such an event is associated with speech disorders, loss of coordination, nausea, in some cases a gag reflex, lethargy in the limbs, and possibly an unconscious state.
• Otitis. During of this disease dizziness is associated with hearing loss, noise or ringing in the ears.
• Vestibular neuritis. In this situation, dizziness increases during the process of standing up and moving the head. The disease appears unexpectedly, after 2-3 days the patient feels better. However, a sensation of rotation remains for a certain period of time after accelerations.
• Osteochondrosis in the cervical region. Dizziness becomes stronger during motor activity with the head, in particular the intensity increases during sudden turns and climbs. In some situations, patients experience confusion in their gait and impaired spatial orientation. This may be associated with pain and stiffness in the motor activity of the neck.
• Perilymphatic fistula. Features states of dizziness, ringing in the ears and severe deafness on one side. In addition, patients complain of nausea and a gag reflex.
• Transient disruption of blood flow to the brain;
• Agoraphobia. Dizziness occurs due to fear of open space, in particular of large numbers of people. At this time, the patient becomes dizzy just from the mere mention of the need to leave the home.

Treatment

Therapy for dizziness should be agreed with a doctor. Only by following medical instructions is it possible to achieve the proper result and eliminate the unpleasant pathological process.

Treatment of dizziness during cervical osteochondrosis

With such a diagnosis, treat dizziness with one medication impossible. In this case, it is necessary to carry out a number of restoration procedures.

The patient is prescribed anesthetic, vasodilator, and anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, physiotherapy, massage, healing exercises, and manual therapy are required.

These techniques help restore the alignment of the vertebrae, normalize blood flow, and relax muscles.

For neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD)

It is not possible to completely eliminate such a disease, and, consequently, the accompanying symptoms. But it is permissible to increase remission.

To ensure proper treatment of dizziness during NDC, the following guidelines should be followed:

• During severe dizziness, you need to rub earlobes and clap your hands.
• When the disease is associated with hypotension, it is permissible to take coffee or eat a small amount of dark chocolate. In addition, it is possible to eliminate this unpleasant phenomenon by drinking tea with honey.
• When an intense attack is observed, the patient must be laid down and oxygen flow into the home must be ensured.

Initially assigned sedatives, and when the pressure has been measured, more serious medications are taken.

Under pressure

To treat dizziness during low blood pressure, it is necessary to increase blood pressure and strengthen the body.

For these purposes, it is tedious to eliminate stress, go in for sports, be outside, and do hardening. A balanced diet and proper sleep are important.

During high blood pressure, dizziness does not appear in all cases - often such symptoms are characteristic of stages 2 and 3 of the disease.

To eliminate such manifestations, it is necessary to control the pressure. In addition, it is extremely important to eliminate psycho-emotional shocks, spend more time in the fresh air, and reduce salt intake.

During positional vertigo

To treat such a condition, it is necessary to combine the use of medications with special gymnastics.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a fairly popular pathological process. It is characterized by sudden attacks of vertigo, lasting less than a minute.

This type of dizziness manifests itself in a situation where the patient has changed the position of his head.

During psychogenic dizziness

Psychotropic treatment is used to treat such pathology. Antidepressants are initially prescribed. In some cases, “mild” antipsychotic drugs are used.

An auxiliary drug is betahistine. It helps reduce the excitability of the vestibular apparatus.

Non-drug treatments include:

• vestibular gymnastic exercises;
• breathing exercises;
• psychological help.

During vestibular vertigo

In the process of forming such a state, it is assigned symptomatic treatment, which is aimed at eliminating intense dizziness.

The emphasis then shifts to rehabilitation period patient and restoration of proper functioning.

To stop an acute attack, the patient must be kept at rest. Anti-vomiting drugs and vestibular suppressors are used as drug treatment.

The latter include antihistamines, anticholinergics and benzodiazepines.

In old age

When treating dizziness in elderly people, they are prescribed medicines. Often in this situation, medications that contain betahistine dihydrochloride are used.

The effectiveness of therapy directly depends on the correct combination of this medication with other drugs.

Elderly people are prescribed vitamins, antiplatelet agents, drugs that relieve depression, and medications that reduce symptoms.

In addition, it is necessary to carry out psychological treatment, healing exercises, etc.

In children

The selection of therapy for dizziness in children directly depends on the factors that provoked it.

When such conditions occur constantly, medications are prescribed that help strengthen the autonomic system:

• vitamin B6;
• medications that dilate blood vessels;
• drugs that improve blood flow in the brain.

In addition, physiotherapy and therapeutic exercises will be effective, helping to train the vestibular apparatus.

After a stroke

In such a situation, it is necessary to stop the provoking factors of dizziness, and treatment will depend directly on the diagnosis.

This plays a major role during cerebral stroke, which is a manifestation of the main pathological process - atherosclerosis, hypertension, etc.

Therefore, we can conclude that the treatment of dizziness is aimed at eliminating pathology and symptoms.

During nausea and dizziness

This symptomatology is a distinctive feature of a large number of pathological processes.

In order to diagnose them, you need to contact specialists - mainly ENT doctors, ophthalmologists and neurologists deal with such disorders.

To choose the appropriate treatment, it is necessary to carry out a number of diagnostic measures: audiogram, CT or MRI.

Only after this the specialist selects treatment. Typically, dizziness is treated with betahistine, cinnarizine, motilium. In order to eliminate nausea and the gag reflex, metoclopramide is prescribed.

During times of weakness and dizziness

Malaise accompanies virtually all pathological processes that are characterized by dizziness. Therefore, in order to eliminate such conditions, it is extremely important to carry out the necessary diagnostics.

Thanks to this, the specialist determines the provoking factor of such symptoms and prescribes treatment.

Dizziness is often a companion to more dangerous diseases. Dizziness during cervical osteochondrosis is considered a fairly popular condition.

This pathology often appears in the morning and is observed in patients who sleep on a high pillow.

First aid

There is no need to panic. Anxiety during sudden dizziness becomes a provoking factor for fainting or loss of balance.

When a person is bothered by such unpleasant symptoms, it is necessary to sit down or lie down.

In order to improve blood flow in the brain, you should try to keep your head and shoulders at the same level. You also need to ventilate the room and ensure a flow of fresh air.

This will make it possible to increase the supply of oxygen to the brain, which significantly improves the patient’s condition.

In addition, do not forget about simple recommendations. They make it possible to prevent the formation of dizziness:

• In hot weather, be sure to wear sunglasses and a hat.
• Take drinking water with you.
• Wear loose clothing. To avoid compression of the vessels that pass through cervical region to the brain, resulting in dizziness.

In a situation where such symptoms appear in public places, you need to find a fulcrum. Concentrate your gaze on some stationary object.

This will make it possible to prevent fainting. When dizziness is constantly observed, you need to carry ammonia with you.

This remedy helps to regain consciousness in the shortest possible time in the current situation.

Traditional therapy

Therapy for persistent vertigo involves stopping the provoking factor, treating the vestibular system, central nervous system, cerebral vessels, heart and other diseases.

Traditional medicine helps eliminate the disease and additionally cleanses the blood vessels in the brain.

Popular means

The most common methods of treating this pathology:

• Decoction of meadow clover. Increases tone, cleanses blood vessels and eliminates dizziness. 1 tsp. dried flowers are poured with half a glass of boiling water and infused. You need to take this remedy twice a day, 50 g, half an hour before meals.
• Sage tea. Tones and improves condition. Add 4 tbsp to 0.5 liters of boiling water. l. plant flowers. The product is infused for at least 30 minutes and consumed before meals. You can add a small amount of honey to tea.
• Tincture of elecampane root. Removes fatigue, cleanses the body of bacteria, improves the functioning of the vestibular apparatus and relieves dizziness. The raw materials are crushed and 1 pinch is poured into 0.2 liters of boiling water. After 30 minutes, the tincture is filtered. Use 4 times a day, dividing the product into equal parts.
• Parsley tincture. Effective during vertigo. It is necessary to grind the seeds in a coffee grinder. For 1 tsp. raw materials take 0.2 liters of boiling water. After 8 hours, the product is filtered. Take 50 g daily before meals.
• Simple kelp. Improves the functioning of the immune system, cleanses the body of toxins and strengthens the central nervous system, as a result of which dizziness disappears. It must be consumed every day. In dry form, seaweed is consumed 1 tsp. per day with liquid.
• Tea made from lemon balm, peppermint, mistletoe and linden. During disturbances in the functioning of the vestibular apparatus, experts advise using this remedy.
• Malaise and intense dizziness will disappear when this mixture is taken continuously. Taken onion, grind in a meat grinder and fill half a glass jar with the mass. The rest is filled with honey. The mixture is mixed and sent to the refrigerator for 5 days. Then the infused remedy is consumed every day on an empty stomach, 2 tbsp. l. During intense dizziness this mixture used 2 times a day.
• Veronica herb infusion. Drinks during nervous excitement and dizziness. For 0.25 g of boiling water, take 1 tbsp. l. dry raw materials. Infused in a thermos. Take 100 g warm before meals.
• Infusion of hawthorn flowers. In the presence of a pathological process caused by cardiovascular diseases, it is necessary to use this remedy instead of tea. 5 tbsp. l. raw materials are poured with 1 liter of boiling water and infused. After 60 minutes, the tincture must be drunk. It is recommended to add honey.

Tinctures

Effective use of tinctures:

• Garlic. For unpleasant symptoms caused by toxic substances inside the body, heart and vascular disease, it will be effective garlic tincture. Take 300 g of peeled garlic, crush it and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. The composition is infused in a cool place for 1-2 weeks in the refrigerator.
• Hawthorn. If not functioning properly of cardio-vascular system brain in order to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, a similar tincture helps. Mix hawthorn buds (150 g), linden honey (50 g) and 700 g of boiling water. Vanilla and cinnamon are added. Use 1 tbsp. l. 10 minutes before meals.
• Chestnut. Improves the condition and regulates the functioning of blood vessels in the brain. Chestnut buds are crushed and filled with heated water. At 2 tbsp. l. raw materials take 0.5 liters of hot water.

Placed on water bath and simmer the mixture for 15 minutes. When the product has cooled, add a small amount of vanilla and 2 tbsp. l. honey Take 50 g before meals.

Dizziness is often a symptom of dangerous pathological processes.

Therefore, for therapy to be effective, it is extremely important to carry out such a diagnosis in order to establish the provoking factor of such a condition.

Only in such a situation can the unpleasant pathology be eliminated.

Useful video

Dizziness is considered common occurrence, and most people have experienced it themselves at least once. In most cases it is harmless. However, if you feel dizzy for some time, permanent basis, which means you need the help of a specialist. This phenomenon is recognized as one of the most common symptoms various diseases. Many people have a question: what are the causes of severe dizziness? What to do? Actually, it depends on several factors.

What is dizziness?

First you need to define the concept. Vertigo (dizziness in medicine) is a sensation when surrounding objects rotate around a person, or he himself moves, while standing still. This feeling is familiar to everyone since childhood. For example, if you spin in place for a long time or ride on a swing.

True dizziness is considered a serious illness that is caused by disorders in the nervous system or vestibular apparatus. It is responsible for a person’s position in space, coordination of actions, stability, etc. This device is located deep in the ears.

And yet the brain controls all actions and feelings. Eyes and muscle reflexes are responsible for coordination in space. Receptors that are responsible for body position are scattered throughout the body. Therefore, when the head is dizzy, a person often feels sick.

What causes dizziness?

This question cannot be answered unambiguously. There are many causes of severe dizziness. What to do? The first step is to determine exactly why this is happening. One of the most obvious cases is inflammation of the ear or a disorder of the vestibular apparatus. This symptom can be expressed in osteochondrosis, low blood pressure, as a result mental disorder. It is very difficult to determine the exact cause, often simply impossible without the help of professionals.

First, it is recommended to visit a neurologist, in which case he will redirect you to the right specialist. However, often it is this doctor who is able to correctly determine the source of the disease and distinguish real, true dizziness from another disease.

In everyday life, this term refers to darkening in the eyes if you quickly stand up or turn around. Scientifically, this phenomenon is called orthostatic collapse. Translated into ordinary language, the disease, according to many people, is caused by a sharp outflow of blood from the head.

True dizziness is called damage or disruption of the vestibular apparatus. However, people most often suffer from another form of it. For example, it becomes bad due to impossible pain, it becomes dark in the eyes, etc. Doctors say that this is due to fatigue, decreased blood pressure, or impaired muscle tone.

Classification

Medical experts distinguish 4 types of dizziness:

1. Central. In this case, the disease occurs due to damage or diseases of the brain, for example, all kinds of injuries, hemorrhages or tumors.
2. Peripheral. This is exactly what is called true dizziness, that is, a disturbance in the functioning of the vestibular apparatus or inflammation of the ear.
3. Systemic. Three systems are responsible for position and coordination in space: visual, muscular and vestibular. This type of dizziness occurs due to the failure of one of them. This disease requires careful examination and complex treatment.
4. Physiological. The most common form of dizziness, it can be caused by ordinary stress, depression or extreme fatigue.

As already noted, when you suddenly get out of bed, you can also feel the rotation of your head. Here the reason lies in the inconsistency visual images with physical sensations. This disease goes away on its own and does not have any consequences.

Causes of severe dizziness. What to do?

In most cases, the reasons for dizziness in women and men are the same. After all, concepts human body do not have sexual properties. This disease occurs when the main systems of the body are disrupted: the visual, muscular and vestibular apparatus. If they appear additional symptoms in the form of nausea and weakness, this indicates the existence of other diseases. Causes of very severe dizziness:

1. One of the most terrible reasons for the occurrence of the disease is a brain tumor. If your hearing worsens during dizziness, or blood or pus comes out of your ears, you should immediately consult a specialist. This is a suspicion of cancer.
2. Teenage children may also experience dizziness, hearing problems, and vomiting. If this happens, then Meniere's syndrome most likely develops. It is dangerous because there is a possibility of turning into neuritis.
3. The cause of severe dizziness in women and men can be a quick stroke. For several days, the person feels weak, drowsy, and is tormented by constant vomiting and headache.
4. Your head may feel dizzy due to a concussion or any other injury.
5. Due to problems with the vestibular system and determining position in space, dizziness also occurs. Such people cannot travel on public transport, they begin to panic.
6. Also, this disease sometimes occurs as a result of taking various medications, especially antibiotics. If this happens, it is recommended to change the drug or reduce the dosage.

Dizziness in women

Representatives of the fairer sex often suffer from a psychogenic illness that causes drowsiness and fear. The cause of severe dizziness in women may be a problem called It is characterized by high irritability of a person, severe tension, noise in the throat and ears, and often ends with an attack of vomiting.

Quite often, women experience migraines accompanied by dizziness. It causes panic fear of light and noise and severe nausea. With a brain tumor, the dizziness is the most severe. At the same time, the muscles gradually stop working, and problems with vision and hearing begin.

Pregnancy can cause severe dizziness and nausea in women. Oddly enough, it changes the composition of the blood, which leads to a feeling of drowsiness and sometimes fainting. You may also feel dizzy due to low blood sugar. In this case, you just need to eat something sweet or drink tea. In addition, doctors recommend consuming plenty of water.

Why do men feel dizzy?

Unlike women, this problem rarely occurs among representatives of the stronger sex. However, if it appears, you need to check with a doctor; perhaps this is a symptom of a serious illness. So, the causes of severe dizziness in men:

1. Excessive alcohol consumption. Probably the most common case. When a man drinks too much, he feels dizzy and may experience vomiting. In especially severe cases, he faints.
2. Poisoning of the body, as a result of which darkening appears in the eyes and there is a possibility of losing consciousness.
3. Unsteady blood pressure, sudden changes.
4. As a symptom of cardiovascular diseases. In this case, it is usually accompanied by pain in the heart area.
5. Stress, extreme fatigue, lack of sleep. These reasons look quite serious when talking about men, because, unlike women, they keep their emotions to themselves. As a result, pressure on the brain increases, which leads to dizziness.
6. Physical activity, climate change, moving.

We can conclude that there are quite a few reasons, but to be confident in your health, it is better to ask a specialist for help.

Nausea with dizziness

Nausea very often accompanies dizziness. The fact is that a person, having lost control over the position of the body in space, cannot maintain balance, and therefore such attacks occur. The causes of severe dizziness and nausea may be disorders of the vestibular apparatus, problems with the nervous system and blood circulation, and osteochondrosis.

When you feel dizzy combined with elevated temperature body, severe pain, weakness in the limbs, regular urge to vomit, you need to go to the doctor. You should undergo an examination, including tomography. In some cases, depending on the causes of severe dizziness and nausea, you will have to take an x-ray of the spine and skull.

These disorders can occur due to improper nutrition, among other things. It is best to give up salty foods, chocolate, strong coffee and tea. Dizziness and nausea are common in people with low blood pressure. In this case, there is a loss of strength, fatigue, and blurred vision.

The cause of severe dizziness and vomiting in women is pregnancy. On early stages weakness appears, then it develops into nausea.

Why do you feel dizzy at normal blood pressure?

This is probably the most popular question regarding this disease. People wonder why they feel dizzy if the blood pressure monitor shows normal blood pressure. The point is that this is not the only cause of this symptom. The head can feel dizzy when a variety of situations arise. For example, he quickly got out of bed.

The causes of severe dizziness at normal blood pressure may be seasickness, intolerance to attractions, public transport. In addition, the disease is caused by stress, or existing diseases, for example osteochondrosis. If a person feels weak with these symptoms, this may be a sign of an impending stroke. This condition can occur with a concussion.

One of the causes of severe dizziness at normal blood pressure is taking medications. Before using medications, it is necessary to establish their compatibility with the body.

If you suddenly feel dizzy, you need to remain calm, look at one point and breathe. If speech problems arise, you should call an ambulance. Normal pressure- This is not an indicator of human health. Dizziness, nausea, vomiting and weakness are symptoms of a chronic disease. At the same time, it is very important not to delay the examination and determine what exactly causes such a reaction in the body.

Dizziness and weakness

A feeling of weakness combined with dizziness are symptoms of diseases associated with infectious processes affecting the brain and spinal cord. In most cases, the temperature rises and the person shudders.

Severe weakness and dizziness may be caused by an impending stroke. Very often this causes pain in the temple area. The person feels physically weak. This condition can be caused by the general position of the body.

These ailments occur due to inflammatory processes in blood vessels. In this case, a metabolic disorder appears in the hands. In addition, numbness of the limbs is often observed, which can lead to serious consequences.

Pain from dizziness

This is a fairly common situation. Headache can be of two types. The first type is characterized by unpleasant sensations in the back of the head. This pain can be acute and is caused by infectious diseases and migraines.

The second type is caused by hypertension, concussion, eye or ear diseases. Sometimes headaches occur when you cough or drink too much alcohol. This kind of pain does not need to be treated, it will go away on its own.

This disease is more common in people whose age exceeds 40 years. To prevent headaches, you need to eat right and exercise. In addition, be calm, do not overwork yourself either physically or mentally. Causes of headaches and dizziness:

1. Migraine. A pulsating sensation occurs, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. This pain lasts about three days. At this time, the person is more irritable, his eyes often darken.
2. Severe dizziness and poor coordination of movements can be caused by stress and depression. In this case, an intense headache appears. Unpleasant sensations manifest themselves physiologically, that is, the cheekbones.
3. Hypertension. The cause of severe dizziness in women in the morning is precisely this illness. The headache peaks early and subsides during the day. In addition, congestion in the ears is often observed. This can happen if a person is very tired and chronically does not get enough sleep.

Why do you get dizzy when you get up quickly?

Many people have encountered a problem when, with a sudden change in body position, the head begins to feel very dizzy. If this happens rarely, there is no cause for concern. However, in case of regular violations, you must contact a specialist. Most likely, a disease will be detected - It is characterized by constant dizziness, even when standing on my feet my vision becomes dark. When the brain lacks oxygen and a person does not take horizontal position, fainting occurs. This means that if it gets bad, you need to go to bed immediately.

The causes of severe dizziness if you quickly change body position may be disorders of the vestibular apparatus, the occurrence of neuritis, stroke or the consequences of injury. This ailment is also common in heart disease. Teens may feel dizzy if they stand up quickly. This is associated with puberty. This condition is typical for people leading a sedentary lifestyle. Therefore, it is very important to get up regularly and do basic exercises.

Do you feel dizzy when standing upright? Of course, yes, and many have experienced this themselves. Causes of severe dizziness in a lying position can be diseases of the hearing aid, pressure surges, diabetes mellitus, and concussion. Unfortunately, when you feel dizzy, you can’t always “just lie down.” The process will continue in this situation.

First aid for dizziness

This disease can occur suddenly and take a person by surprise. First of all, there is no need to panic, you need to calm down. If the dizziness is quite severe, it is best to sit down and look at one point. If new symptoms appear in the form of numbness of the limbs or nausea, you should call a doctor and, if possible, take a horizontal position. At the same time, the head cannot be turned and twisted, it must be calm.

At home, when the first signs of dizziness appear, the patient should be placed on a sofa or bed. You need to place a pillow so that your head, shoulders and neck lie on it. This option prevents bending of the spine. To relieve the patient’s stress and alleviate his condition, apply a cold towel moistened with a vinegar solution to the forehead.

Symptoms such as dizziness, increased blood pressure, sleep problems, and excessive irritability are very dangerous to human health. Tolerating them is strictly prohibited. If the causes of severe dizziness are discovered, what should you do? You should immediately consult a doctor for help. A specialist will examine and prescribe treatment.

The fact is that such symptoms lead to a stroke. Recently, this disease has begun to affect young people. Executives, heads of large families, and senior managers are targets for strokes. If such signs are detected, you can take combination medications, for example Vasobral.

Severe dizziness: causes, treatment with folk remedies

Drug therapy will be prescribed by a doctor. But there is folk remedies to solve this problem, which are sometimes superior to traditional ones. However, they should only be used after consultation with a specialist. You should also find out if you are allergic to any components, otherwise your dizziness may worsen.

Let's look at several methods that are most effective for this problem:

• Take juice from beets and carrots on an empty stomach.
• Pomegranate is an excellent food that increases hemoglobin levels. This improves blood circulation, which in turn minimizes dizziness.
• Sea kale. It is useful in any form, be it powder or regular salad, which can be purchased at any store. This product saturates the body with iodine, phosphorus and other trace elements that are responsible for the normal functioning of the vestibular apparatus;
• Ginger tea is excellent depressant, is widely used in solving this problem

Prevention of dizziness

If this disease often torments you and you want to get rid of it, you need to follow some rules:

• give up cigarettes and alcohol;
• do not use table salt;
• drink coffee as little as possible;
• to physically load the body, even just with gymnastics;
• do not overwork, relax in the fresh air;
• do not make quick sudden movements of the head;
• If desired, you can purchase an orthopedic mattress, which increases comfort while resting.

The fact of dizziness in itself is not very dangerous, but it cannot be ignored. In the worst case scenario, this can lead to huge health problems. Therefore, it is better to immediately contact a specialist when the first symptoms appear, who will advise further actions.