Skin diseases on the body. What skin diseases are there in humans, photos and descriptions with names

Due to certain structural features of the skin and a large number of certain factors influencing its condition, the skin is caused by a variety of diseases of one nature or another. Let's look at skin diseases in more detail.

The main function of the skin is to protect internal organs human body from one or another pathology. Not only a person’s appearance, but also their health depends on the condition of their skin. And often people, faced with the problems of skin diseases, suffer from their manifestations not only physically, but also morally, enduring discomfort and aesthetic inconvenience.

The specifics of the development of skin diseases are represented by inflammatory processes affecting one or another area of ​​human skin. The type of any skin ailment is determined by the causes of a particular disease with problems that have both internal and external roots.

Treatment of dermatological diseases facilitates external manifestations skin diseases, but does not relieve a person from the causes that cause them. Therefore, when remission is replaced by an exacerbation of a particular disease, such a problem only causes a person to feel depressed and concerned about his state of health.

Therefore, if any specific skin condition occurs that is previously unfamiliar to a person, it is recommended to seek help and advice from a dermatologist.

Main causes of skin diseases

There can be many reasons for the appearance of skin diseases. Medical science groups them into diseases of endogenous (internal) manifestations and exogenous (external) manifestations. Based on the problem of provoking a particular skin ailment, the treatment necessary for the person is selected.

The causes of internal manifestations of skin ailments are indicated:

• problems of metabolism– metabolic disorders in the human body;
• destabilization of hormonal balance- a common disorder of adolescence, manifested on the skin in the form of rashes and pimples;
• intestinal dysbiosis- insufficient absorption of nutrients so necessary for the human body;
• gastrointestinal diseases along with poisoning of the whole body;
• stressful situations– constant emotional and physical tension with the expenditure of all available forces of the body and further vulnerability of the person to other diseases.

So to speak, the following may be involved in the development of any skin diseases: individual characteristics this or that person - genetic predisposition, various allergic reactions, for example, to medications, as well as possible infection one infection or another.

In medical science there is such a conceptual phenomenon as psychosomatics. It is based on the psychogenic origin of certain skin problems. A person who has been in a long period of time psycho-emotional stress, may respond to such stress with the manifestation of any skin diseases. And here medicine will be practically powerless; only psychotherapy courses will help.

From the above, we can conclude that skin ailments can have different etiologies and knowing the very cause of the disease can really help in preventing a new outbreak of the disease.

Symptoms

You need to know how to skillfully and timely respond to the primary signs of skin diseases accompanied by the following symptoms:

• itching and an increase in its intensity as the disease progresses;
• rashes, differing in shape, color and scale of distribution, depending on the reasons for their occurrence;
• possible burning sensation and tingling;
• peeling of the skin– most common symptom most skin diseases.

And of course, insomnia, which accompanies almost all dermatological diseases. It can be difficult for a person to fall asleep, especially when, for example, the affected skin comes into contact with clothing or something else.

Types and subtypes of skin diseases

Fungal skin infection.

Diseases of this type include:

Scab – a disease caused by a fungus that infects hairline, internal organs and nails. The disease is indicated:

• hair loss;
• small reddish spots.

Microsporia or in another way ringworm, a disease often transmitted to humans from sick animals.

The disease is indicated by mild itching, red spots that have clear boundaries with a slight elevation above the skin.

Note! The listed skin diseases are contagious and are transmitted through infection from another person.

Pustular skin lesion.

This type of disease is caused by staphylococci and streptococci, as well as infection as a result of hypothermia and the presence of psychological trauma.

Diseases of this type include:

Pustular rash, which can be infectious, non-infectious and allergic in nature.

Boils – indicated by a dense infiltrate, with further opening of the pustule, discharge of pus and subsequent scarring.

Leprosy.

This disease is better known as leprosy It has chronic course diseases with changes of a mutational nature, which mainly affect the mucous membrane of the skin. It has a latent period from 12 months to 10 years.

Symptoms reveal themselves after a latent period - nosebleeds, dryness oral cavity, swelling of the lymph nodes.

Skin tuberculosis – People with existing tuberculosis lung disease are more often susceptible to this type of disease.

The symptoms of this disease are due to:

• spread of spots on the skin;
• tubercles;
• sores.

If the disease is not completely cured, it leads to the process of scarring of existing ulcers on the skin.

Pediculosis or in another way - phthiriasis, is a disease that can be easily cured .

• gray rashes about 3 mm in size;
• possible blisters on the skin;
• red nodules or watery crusts.

Important! It is necessary to undergo treatment in a timely manner so that the disease does not develop into eczema.

Eczema.

Acute and chronic skin disease. Eczema is indicated by the following symptoms:

• swelling of the skin;
• redness of the epidermis;
• reddish nodules, which subsequently burst and form a weeping surface - erosion;
• itching - constant and severe.

Treating eczema is a long and difficult process.

Psoriasis.

The disease has another name - scaly lichen. The disease is characterized by a chronic form, with characteristic rashes in the form of papules.

Lichen.

Ringworm pink - It has acute course diseases along with inflammatory and painful processes.

Symptoms manifest themselves:

• flaky red spots;
• seasonal course of the disease (manifesting in autumn and spring).

Ringworm red - has a chronic course of the disease.

The disease is caused by the following symptoms:

• rashes similar to nodular rash;
• severe itching.

Diseases of the skin glands.

Acne is characteristic of adolescence, and is also another sign of existing seborrhea.

In addition, acne can occur due to an imbalance in the sweating process as a result of stressful situations and other severe psychological shocks.

List of skin diseases

At this stage, medical science knows skin diseases in the form of:

• skin abscess;
• acrodermatitis atrophic;
• atopic dermatitis;
• epidermolysis bullosa;
• freckles;
• wine stains;
• dermatitis herpetiformis;
• herpes of the skin;
• hyperkeratosis;
• dermatitis of various etiologies;
• calcification of the skin;
• carbuncles;
• keloid scar;
• epidermal, trichodermal cysts;
• rhombic skin in the occipital part;
• urticaria of various etiologies;
• lupus erythematosus;
• lichen planus;
• red monoliform lichen;
• lentigo;
• leprosy;
• livedoadenitis;
• lymphatoid papulosis;
• lipoid necrobiosis of the skin;
• depriving atrophic;
• mycoses;
• calluses and calluses;
• coin-shaped eczema;
• mucinosis of the skin;
• pigmentation incontinence;
• neurodermatitis;
• neurofibromatosis;
• burns;
• parapsoriasis;
• paronychia;
• pityriasis;
• perioral dermatitis;
• pint;
• polymorphic light rash;
• prickly heat of any etiology;
• pruritus;
• simple chronic form of lichen;
• psoriasis;
• pemphigus;
• skin cancer;
• reticulosis;
• rhinophyma;
• scleroderma;
• sclerema and scleredema;
• sunburn;
• senile atrophy of the skin;
• subcorneal pustular dermatitis;
• toxic epidermal necrolysis;
• phototoxic drug reaction;
• photodermatosis;
• boils;
• cheilitis;
• chloasma;
• elastosis;
• eczema;
• erythema of various etiologies;
• erythematous diaper rash;
• erythrose;
• Buruli ulcers.

Necessity and main methods of treatment

Before you begin to cure a skin disease, it is necessary to conduct certain studies in the form of tests that will help identify the cause of the disease and determine the necessary treatment.

The therapeutic cure of skin ailments is determined by the following methods of relieving certain diseases:

• dietary nutrition– aimed at the necessary assimilation useful substances body;
• medications– used to boost immunity;
• antibiotics– prescribed for severe forms of diseases;
• local therapy- treatment with ointments, creams and sprays prescribed to influence the disease externally.

For particularly severe forms of skin diseases, hormonal therapy is prescribed, which effectively affects the source of the infection itself and the body as a whole.

Basic preventive measures

Often the treatment process itself to cure skin diseases is not only difficult, but also quite long. Therefore, in order to avoid such therapy, it is more advisable to take all available measures in advance. preventive measures to prevent the onset and development of any skin disease.

It is necessary to boost immunity, especially in the off-season, to cleanse the liver, blood and the entire body of toxins, waste, and allergens.

Compliance with all hygiene standards, rules healthy eating(food should be rational and balanced), maintaining a normal and correct lifestyle is the key to clean and beautiful skin.

And in conclusion, based on the origin and symptoms of any type of skin disease, it is possible not only to promptly identify the disease, but also to stop it without aggravating consequences and complications for the person.

What factors are associated with the recent increase in the number of skin diseases, how self-medication affects the health of patients, whether failure to comply with the work and rest regime can cause dermatological ailments - dermatovenereologist V. V. Suchkov will answer these and other questions that concern many.

Human skin is the most large organ, which is involved in the processes of respiration, thermoregulation, excretion, and protection. Therefore, any skin disease needs quick diagnostics And adequate treatment. Skin diseases can be infectious, fungal or viral, and can also be a consequence of pathology of internal organs or low immunity.

Types of herpes

This is a series of dermatological viral diseases that affect the skin. Transmitted by contact.

Herpes type I, II

Herpes types I and II are more common. The first type is localized on the skin of the face, mucous membranes of the mouth, and can also affect the eyes. In diseases of the second type, the rash affects the skin near the anus and genitals, as well as the lower abdomen and thighs.

Signs of herpes I and II:

• tingling of the skin in the future affected area;
• formation of bubbles with liquid;
• temperature increase;
• merging of bubbles into a single spot.

Over time, the bubbles dry out and become covered with a crust, which is difficult to separate and causes painful sensations. Other types of herpes may not appear on the skin but can affect internal organs. Unfortunately, herpes cannot be cured, but medications can help block its symptoms and the development of the disease. The treatment program includes the use of ointments, as well as measures to strengthen the immune system.

Chicken pox

This is a pseudotype virus herpetic infection. The disease is accompanied by severely itchy skin and the appearance of blisters with liquid on the body and face. A person usually gets chickenpox once in his life, after which he is completely cured and becomes immune to the disease. In rare cases, the skin disease can affect a person again, but in this case the symptoms are mild, although the patient remains a carrier of the virus.

Lichen

This group includes skin diseases of several types. Some of them are especially dangerous for humans, as they are very contagious and increase the risk of developing cancer.

Pityriasis rosea

A viral disease that cannot be cured complete cure. It worsens in the spring-autumn period, also during diseases that reduce immunity. This lichen is transmitted by contact.

Skin diseases symptoms:

• spots of light brown or Pink colour;
• the center of the spots is paler than the edges;
• peeling of the skin;
• the appearance of a rash;
• skin itching.

The spots can grow up to four centimeters; they are localized in the abdomen, sides, back and chest. To alleviate dermatological illnesses, vitamin complexes, immunostimulating drugs, and antihistamines are prescribed.

• Shingles. Viral disease transmitted by contact. It usually affects adults with weakened immune systems or chronic diseases. When the disease occurs, blisters with liquid form on the skin, which become crusty after 3-4 days. The patient also feels pain in the ribs. Treatment uses Acyclovir and its analogues, painkillers and anti-itching medications.
• Ringworm. A dermatological disease in which uneven pink spots with white scales in the center are observed. Ringworm affects scalp body where hair thins or stops growing. In the affected areas, the skin begins to peel off greatly, the patient experiences itching and pain. The disease is transmitted by contact from people and animals. The patient requires hospitalization, the affected areas are treated with sulfur-tar ointment and iodine, and antifungal drugs are also required.
• Tinea versicolor. This type of lichen is not contagious; it occurs due to the activation of yeast fungi against the background of decreased immunity or chronic diseases and hormonal disorders. When the disease occurs, the skin becomes covered with spots of different colors, sizes and shapes. Ringworm can affect the shoulders, back, chest, and stomach. Most often, local treatment is required using antifungal ointments and special hygiene products; therapy aimed at strengthening the immune system may also be needed.
• Ringworm. Several diseases are combined under this name, including eczema. However, all of them are not contagious. The cause of weeping lichen may be genetic predisposition or immunological pathologies.
• The disease manifests itself as spots on the hands and face, and the formation of blisters with serous fluid. The affected area gradually dries out and becomes crusty, and the patient may experience severe itching. Medical therapy includes antihistamines, hormonal ointments and correction of the patient's diet.
• Lichen planus. This skin disease most often occurs in middle-aged patients. The disease is not contagious and manifests itself in a chronic form.

The causes of the disease may be:

• immune system disorders;
• honest nervous tension;
• chronic infections.

For your information. With a skin disease, bluish, brown or red rashes are observed, resembling blisters with a sunken center. The affected area is very itchy. The rashes are striking groin area, armpits, trouble. The treatment prescribed by a dermatologist includes taking vitamins, antibacterial and antihistamine drugs.

Psoriasis

The exact origin of the disease is unknown, but it is not infectious or contagious. Psoriasis affects the skin of the body and head, as well as the joints of the hands and feet. Can intensify the symptoms of psoriasis metabolic disorders, endocrine and neurological problems, stress and depression, hypothermia and poor nutrition. With the disease, red plaques are observed on the skin, as well as cracks and peeling, and severe itching. Psoriasis increases the risk of contracting other skin diseases, and when infected, the affected areas can fester.

Dermatitis

In dermatology, this is the name for skin diseases with different symptoms, combined into one group. May or may not be contagious.

Seborrheic dermatitis

This skin disease is better known as dandruff, although it can affect not only the scalp, but also areas where sebaceous glands accumulate. If you are ill, you may experience dry or oily dandruff. The disease can develop from nervous overstrain, low immunity, endocrine disorders, use of inappropriate cosmetics or be a consequence of fungal infections. When the disease occurs, yellow or white scales appear on the skin. They can either fit tightly to the skin or come off easily. In places where scales accumulate, itching appears, and cracks and wounds gradually form. Treatment of skin diseases is prescribed after the nature of seborrhea has been established.

Comedones and acne

These dermatological diseases manifest as blackheads on the skin followed by white internal pimples. In the case of a chronic form, a diagnosis of acne or acne is made. The disease occurs due to blockage of the sebaceous glands. The disease can be triggered by hormonal changes, poor hygiene, poor nutrition, gastrointestinal diseases, genetic predisposition, stressful situations and taking medications. Therapy may include either just lifestyle changes (hygiene, healthy sleep, rest and nutrition), or more serious measures: mechanical or ultrasonic cleaning, hormonal drugs, cryotherapy, ointments and antibacterial agents.

Allergic dermatitis

These are neurodermatitis and atopic dermatitis, urticaria. Atopic dermatitis and its form, neurodermatitis, are a complex disease that usually affects adults. Visually, both forms of skin diseases are similar to diathesis. Urticaria manifests itself as blisters of various sizes.

Causes of the disease:

• reaction to stress;
• genetic predisposition;
• reaction to pollen, foods, medications, etc.;
• excessive sweating;
• chronic infections.

How to treat skin diseases in this case? It is necessary to prescribe immunomodulators, as well as external ointments and pastes, and antibacterial drugs for the infectious nature of the disease. If diseases are a reaction to stress, then their treatment should include the prescription of sedatives and consultation with a specialist.

Neoplasms

Neoplasms are divided into oncological and benign. Benign formations can degenerate, turning into malignant skin tumors. Factors that increase the risk of developing skin cancer: frequent damage, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays, aging processes in the body, living in unfavorable environmental areas.

Benign formations:

• nevus (that’s what a mole is called);
• papillomas;
• seborrheic warts (senile);
• birthmarks;
• cylindromas;
• vulgar and common warts;
• keratoacanthomas.

Malignant formations:

• melanoma;
• Keir's erythroplasia.
• squamous cell carcinoma.

Benign tumors can be removed surgically, using a laser or cryotherapy. Consultation with a doctor is required if a benign formation has changed size, shape, color, began to bleed or secrete fluid, peel off or hurt. Oncological diseases skins today give in successful treatment with rapid diagnosis at an early stage.

Scleroderma

Dermatology combines in this group skin diseases accompanied by thickening connective tissue and skin. The causes of skin diseases in this group have not been established, but some genetic disorders increase the risk of developing scleroderma.

Focal

Skin diseases are divided into linear and plaque. With a plaque manifestation, round seals with a purple rim appear on the skin. Multiple or single lumps appear on the face, trunk and limbs. With a linear disease, seals appear on the skin in the form of stripes. Often the muscles and bones in the affected area are involved in the pathological process, which results in limited development and functionality of these areas. The disease is often diagnosed in childhood and adolescence.

System

This type of disease is divided into diffuse and limited scleroderma.

Symptoms:

• pallor and cyanosis of the tip of the nose, ears, fingers;
• numbness, pain, or tingling in the extremities;
• cracks and ulcers around the nail plates;
• swelling and unruliness of the fingers, difficulty clenching them into a fist.

It is noted that the symptoms intensify with hypothermia; when warmed, the limbs return to normal color and pain disappears.

For your information. The limited type is characterized by the absence of obvious symptoms at the onset of the disease. On early stage The specialist may detect Raynaud's phenomenon and swelling of the fingers. Tissue compaction gradually forms, visually limited to the face and hands. However, the disease can affect the gastrointestinal tract, as evidenced by persistent heartburn and difficulty swallowing. In the diffuse form, there is an acute and rapid onset of the disease with the formation of compactions on the torso, limbs and face, as well as damage to internal organs.

Skin and soft tissue infections are found everywhere and affect people of all sizes. age groups, such diseases can manifest themselves not only in adults, but also in children. Only a competent specialist can distinguish between a non-infectious and an infectious disease. That is why you should not try to cure yourself, because most often it does not bring any results. Before starting drug treatment or therapy, it is necessary to find out the cause of the disease. Moreover, any skin disease implies an urgent visit to the doctor at the first changes in the skin in order to reduce the negative consequences of the disease. Read on for more information about the treatment of skin infections (photo attached).

Classification of skin diseases

In order to classify any skin disease, it is necessary to establish its localization, namely the place in which the disease process occurs.

Based on this, we can divide skin diseases into skin infections, infections subcutaneous tissue and deeper tissues. It is important to determine whether the infection is systemic or local. The latter is characterized by the absence of intoxication and its signs, as well as the unchanged state of the body. If signs of a toxic state of the body are present, then we are talking about systemic disease. Usually, this characteristic affects further treatment sick.

Bacterial infection: general characteristics

The most significant and most common bacteria that can cause skin diseases include:

• Borrelia.
• Plague bacteria.
• Anthrax stick.
• Streptococcus (this includes erysipelas).
• Staphylococcus.
• Rickettsia.

Each disease has its own clinical symptoms. However, in any case general state the patient changes, symptoms appear more often on the skin and less often on internal tissues.

Streptococcus and staphylococcus

Infants are more susceptible to streptococcal and staphylococcal infections if they are not properly cared for. Also at risk are children who often get sick and even have a weakened immune system; adults can also be included in the latter group.

As a rule, the symptoms of these infections are variable, that is, the disease can affect any area of ​​the skin or deep tissues. Most often, the following conditions are identified during diagnosis:

• The sebaceous gland and hair follicle are affected, and a boil occurs; it can be either one or many.
• Cellulitis occurs - a condition in which tissues begin to melt.
• The appearance of an abscess - a cavity with purulent contents.

Not only are diseases that carry an infection dangerous, but there is also a risk that the pathogen will spread, entering the blood and internal organs, starting inflammation in them. This is most critical for newborn babies and can be fatal.

During treatment, pathogens are destroyed and biochemical processes disrupted during the disease are restored.

As drug treatment Broad-spectrum antibiotics, salt and colloid therapy, and infusion therapy are used. Ointments that also contain antibiotics do not help. They will not be able to rid the patient of staphylococcus or streptococcus completely. Therefore, they should not be used separately. If the infection has spread quite widely and reaches the bones, then most often the best solution to this problem is surgical intervention: during the operation it is necessary to drain it.

Erysipelas

This inflammation is classified as streptococcal, as it is caused by one of its varieties. Children are rarely susceptible to this disease; elderly and middle-aged people suffering from diseases of the cardiovascular system or having unstable hormonal levels are at risk. Typically, symptoms of erysipelas are:

• Sudden onset of clinical symptoms.
• Increase in temperature and deterioration of the body.
• The formation of swollen, “hot”, “red” spots on the skin with a clear contour.
• The appearance of blisters with serous fluid or blood.

This skin infection is usually associated with a different microflora of microorganisms, which can affect the deep tissues of the skin.

To cure the patient, various antibiotics are prescribed, and infusion therapy wide spectrum. However, even this cannot guarantee complete healing of the body. Most often, the disease appears again and again dozens of times. There is still no prevention against this disease.

anthrax

Bacillus anthracis spores are characterized by environmental resistance. They are the cause of infection of the patient's skin. These disputes typically remain active for decades.

People can become infected from infected farm animals directly through the skin. The infection can also be contained in milk, meat or hair from livestock. This disease Adults are more susceptible than children due to more frequent contact with infected animals. Most often, it is the skin that suffers from anthrax, but there are cases where infection of the blood, intestines or lungs occurred.

Typically, anthrax is characterized by the following skin symptoms:

• The rash and its further change from a spot to an ulcer.
• Over time, the spots turn black and do not cause pain.
• Because of the blisters that form in the ulcer, it can grow.

This infection of the skin of the legs and arms can be successfully diagnosed using specific research. During diagnosis, it is important to distinguish a disease such as anthrax from trophic ulcer and bedsores. anthrax not amenable to surgical treatment. Also, ointments, lotions or any heating do not help. The main therapy is considered to be penicillin-based in children (photos can be seen in the article) and adults.

Plague (leather or bubonic)

Any form of plague is enough dangerous infection, it can easily be transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person; as a rule, the disease is severe. If you ignore the symptoms and do not seek treatment medical care, you can die. Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of plague. The sources are often various rodents, for example, harbor rats. Adults are at risk, but children rarely suffer from it.

Skin plague, as a rule, leads to necrosis of the skin and lymph nodes, plus the human body is depleted. The affected areas of the skin are painful, prone to redness and swelling, and it is impossible to control the affected limb.

If there is no specialized treatment, and it includes various antimicrobial drugs, such as streptomycin, then the person will die. The patient, no matter what form of plague he has, is dangerous to society, since someone else can become infected with the germs.

Viral infections: general characteristics

Among the huge range of viruses regarding their distribution and significance, such as herpes virus, papilloma virus, rubella and measles (children's droplet infections). It is also noted that measles, rubella and other childhood droplet infections are secondary to skin diseases. The main infection occurs in internal organs and deep tissues. These infections on the facial skin can occur not only in children, but also in adults.

Herpes infection

Most often, viral skin infections are associated with the herpes virus. On this moment there are 8 of them. As a rule, each type has its own symptoms. However, there are similar points, such as damage to the skin and sometimes soft tissues. A herpes infection is characterized by the following symptoms: if the soft tissue has also become infected, which is rare, then the number of blisters may increase; the affected area, as a rule, becomes wider, which brings with it unpleasant sensations.

From such signs of herpes infection in acute form as blisters and redness are difficult to get rid of completely - it is practically impossible to do this. Drugs that fight viruses, such as Acyclovir, are fast and effective, but they cannot stop the spread of the disease completely. As a rule, a herpes infection accompanies a person throughout his life; people become infected as early as childhood.

HPV infection

Adults are more susceptible to it, but children rarely encounter it. Today this virus has dozens of species. Clinical symptoms vary. This can be a skin manifestation such as a papilloma or wart, it can even go as far as malignant formation in the organs of reproduction. It is the localization that determines the future treatment of the virus; this can be either drug treatment or surgical intervention.

Skin fungus: general characteristics

Fungi are widespread and can be found in any country. The person who is leading may not necessarily be susceptible to a fungal infection. antisocial image life, children are often at risk due to contact with various objects surrounding them. As a rule, even minor damage enough to become infected with fungus.

Signs of a fungal infection of the skin of the hands and feet:

1. Changed skin color.
2. Change in skin thickness, formation of peeling.
3. Absence pain syndrome, and severe skin itching is observed.

The fungus cannot disappear without drug treatment; drugs that fight it are needed, both locally and systemically. Also important point maintaining hygiene remains.

So we can say that skin infections as well as soft tissue infections are observed in adults and children. They should not be treated on their own, as this can only aggravate the situation and lead to a disastrous result that no doctor can correct. That is why treatment can only occur under the supervision of specialists in medical institution who are fully familiar with the disease and all its symptoms, know the possible complications with the use of various drugs, such as antibiotics and antiviral and antibacterial agents.

General therapy

Substances prescribed for external use for dermatological diseases, can be divided into hormonal and non-hormonal. The main component of ointments and creams based on hormones are glucocorticosteroids, which have the ability to instantly eliminate inflammation and slow down immune reaction. This ensures that signs of many dermatological diseases are controlled, but continuous use of hormonal medications - even when applied topically - is risky.

Firstly, they suppress the local immunity of the skin, which makes it susceptible to secondary infection, which simply penetrates through damaged skin.

Secondly, they lead to thinning and loss of the protective qualities of the epidermis.

And thirdly, prolonged use of glucocorticosteroids causes adaptation of the skin, and their withdrawal can cause a new worsening of the disease.

Examples of medications for the treatment of skin infections (photos of the problem are presented in the article) of this category are Uniderm, Kenacort, Sinalar, Akriderm, Cortef and others. Non-hormonal drugs can also be used local remedies, such as “Zinocap” (based on zinc pyrithione), naphthalan, ichthyol, dermatol, cartalin ointments, tar-based ointments and others.

Among the drugs that are not inferior in effectiveness to hormones, drugs with zinc (zinc pyrithione) occupy a special place. Unlike ordinary zinc oxide, which only has a drying effect, active zinc (zinc pyrithione) includes a whole complex significant qualities:

• removes inflammation;
• reduces irritation;
• protects the skin from infection;
• restores the damaged structure and barrier function skin.

Red spots, itching and flaking on the skin are a sign of an allergic reaction. Skin diseases on the face show similar symptoms. The dermatological problem quickly becomes chronic if measures are not taken in time.

Pathogens

Bacteria, viruses, microorganisms, fungi and even ordinary pollution can provoke the development of disease on the skin. Due to the activity of the sebaceous glands, acne develops into an inflammatory pathology.

Symptoms

All skin diseases on the face manifest themselves almost identically. It is possible to distinguish fungal pathology from viral pathology only in laboratory conditions.

Main features:

• small or large rash;
• cracked skin;
• ulcerative papules;
• red spots;
• skin tone;
• hematomas;
• burning and itching;
• acne;
• purulent acne;
• internal nodes;
• and dryness;
• pigmentation.

The symptoms of skin diseases differ due to the inflammatory process. This pathology is the cause of the development of dysfunction of internal systems and organs.

Kinds

It is worth paying attention not only to the appearance of suspicious spots on the skin, but also to additional symptoms. For complex infectious forms, high body temperature, chills, and impaired performance are typical. digestive system. Common skin diseases on the face and their descriptions can be found in the photo.

Pustular

Pathogens - streptococci, staphylococci, pyococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other microorganisms. Bacteria begin to actively develop, causing the epidermis to intensively defend itself. Purulent pimples, red spots and other rashes appear on the skin.

Pyoderma or pustular lesions are not transmitted by contact with an infected person. The infection develops only with close bodily contact with the carrier.

Common skin diseases on the face with names:

1. Folliculitis. These are internal subcutaneous pimples that grow and form red nodules from accumulated sebum and impurities. Severe damage, if the spread is not controlled, is dangerous to human health.
2. Acne. Acne appears more often in adolescence and does not progress to the inflammatory stage. If the degree of damage is large, then the comedones become larger, and their appearance is accompanied by itching and burning.
3. Hidradenitis. They can be distinguished from subcutaneous acne by their pear-shaped shape. The formations are dense, quickly grow and multiply. If the nodules are squeezed out, the risk of infection of the blood and internal organs increases.
4. Impetigo. By appearance resemble ulcerative lesions. The pimple becomes covered with a yellow crust, and the blisters hurt. Such ulcers provoke psoriasis, dermatitis and other types of skin diseases on the face.
5. Furunculosis. This is a large subcutaneous formation with purulent contents. After the first pimple appears on the face, the disease spreads further along the skin.

A weak immune response aggravates the course of the disease. The risk of infection increases due to overheating, hypothermia or climatic changes in the body. Also, skin diseases on the face are sometimes provoked by psychosomatics.

Patients with the following pathologies are at risk:

• vitamin deficiency or lack of certain microelements;
• hematopoietic disorder;
• metabolic pathologies;
• kidney and liver problems;
• emotional instability;
• psychical deviations.

Worth taking biochemical analysis blood to determine deficiency. Often the reason skin pathologies There may also be a deficiency of other microelements. Pustular infections are the most common provocateurs of acne formation and

Fungal

Epidermophytes are spore microorganisms that quickly spread and multiply on human skin. In most cases, fungal species do not threaten health, but there are also dangerous diseases.

What are the types of skin diseases on the face?

1. Erythrasma. A colored spotty lesion with a certain contour structure. If the pathology is not treated, it quickly becomes chronic.
2. Actinomycosis. These are internal subcutaneous formations that resemble boils. The main difference is in color - fungi have a blue tint.
3. Lichen. Red, scaly spots appear on the surface of the epidermis. More than 50% of the facial skin is affected. With the pityriasis type, the spots are brown and yellow, while the ringworm type is red.
4. Dermatomycosis. Blisters with flaky areas appear on the surface of the skin. In appearance, dermatomycosis is similar to diaper rash.

More often, patients who have recently had chickenpox, lice or scabies are susceptible to fungal diseases. The consequences depend on the type of skin disease. If the infection is left to chance, the lesion reaches an incurable stage and can provoke renal failure, edema, necrosis and other complications.

Viral

In medical practice, this type of infection is called exanthema. These are contagious types provoked by chickenpox or the herpes virus.

Names of diseases on the face:

1. Herpes. It appears as a small scattering of white pimples. The main location of the lesion is the lips and the area around the mouth. It is transmitted through kissing and even through airborne droplets.
2. Molluscum contagiosum. Looks like a small rash, does not cause additional symptoms. More often appears after moving or traveling. May provoke inflammation of internal organs.
3. Human papillomavirus (HPV). These are contagious warts with a foul odor. Papillomas multiply and develop on the body at a high rate.
4. Shingles. In appearance, the disease does not differ from allergies; itching and redness on the face appear. It is possible to distinguish lichen by the presence of ulcerative blisters.
5. Condylomas. These are contagious warts. Pointed growths have a stalk, which allows condylomas to firmly establish themselves in the pores.

A viral skin disease occurs on the face in adults and children. Pathogens attack a weakened body that is unable to resist on its own. In severe cases, additional symptoms of the disease appear: general weakness, fever and heat.

The herpes virus lives in almost everyone's body, but in dormant mode. At hypersensitivity Inflammation appears on the lip almost every month, especially in spring and autumn.

Causes

Acne is most often located on the T-zone - the nose and forehead. Acne also multiplies on the chin; in severe cases, even the cheeks and areas under the eyes are affected. In adolescence, acne is the norm, after 20 years it is a problem.

On the face

Diseases on the face in adults appear due to hormonal disorders or pathologies gastrointestinal tract. Any type of acne is a sign of improper functioning of the digestive system, a lack of and other microelements.

Dermatitis or herpes most often develops on the face. Cuperosis is damage to the venous vascular network, stars appear on the skin under the eyelids, rosacea is the formation of pink spots. Chloasma and seborrhea are less common.

On the head

The scalp is affected even more often than the face. If the hair part itches, flakes of dandruff and pimples appear - this is a sign of illness.

The main causes of skin damage:

• stress;
• restructuring of the body after pregnancy and childbirth;
• infection by fungi and other organisms;
• spread of infection from the face;
• bad habits;
• hormonal problems.

Seborrhea, psoriasis, lichen and other diseases are accompanied by prolonged hair loss, itching of the scalp and fragility, weakening of the curls. A trichologist, cosmetologist or dermatologist will identify the exact pathogen and prescribe treatment for skin diseases on the face or head.

On the body

Ringworm, melanoma, seborrhea, allergic dermatitis, mycosis scabies and other types of eczema may appear on the hands. The feet are affected by warts, calluses, and hyperkeratosis. Skin diseases of the legs quickly become chronic.

Diagnostics

Do not treat yourself. Volumetric rashes covering more than 50% of the face require urgent diagnosis.

Research methods:

• examination by a therapist and specialists;
• scraping from the scalp and face;
• general blood, urine and stool tests;
• analysis of rashes and lesions;
• histology of acne contents;
• blood chemistry;
• hormonal tests;
• serology;
• allergy tests;
• other samples.

It is recommended to visit a dermatologist or trichologist. If you suspect a hormonal imbalance, you will need to consult an endocrinologist, for women - a gynecologist, for men - an andrologist. Additionally, you need an examination by an infectious disease specialist, a virologist, even a psychologist or pediatrician for skin diseases on the face of children.

Treatment

Therapy should be divided into two types: tablet and complex. It is not recommended to buy medications on your own, only as prescribed by a doctor. Treatment with antibiotics for skin diseases on the face is carried out only in severe chronic stages.

Medicines

Drugs are prescribed after the results of laboratory tests. Medicines help eliminate the cause of the disease.

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Medicines for the treatment of skin diseases:

Hormonal agents. Indicated for normalizing the functioning of the endocrine and reproductive systems. For external use, glucocorticosteroids are prescribed to help the immune system fight skin lesions and suppress the activity of pathogens. Popular generics are Kenacort, Uniderm, Akriderm.

Antihistamines. Prescribed when allergic reaction or atopic dermatitis. Fenkarol, Suprastin are indicated for children, Allergozan, Loratadine are recommended for adults.

Non-hormonal ointments. This is an alternative solution for intolerance hormonal treatment or no need for corticosteroid therapy. Substitutes - tar, cartadin or ichthyol ointments.

Zinc. The most famous drug is Zinocap. Topical zinc pyrithione products help dry out pimples and stop infection of healthy skin tissue.

Any medications are prescribed only by the attending physician.

Folk remedies

Alternative medicine does not fight the cause of skin diseases, but will help remove flaking and itching on the face.

The best recipes for the skin:

1. Oak bark decoction. Raw materials can be bought at the pharmacy. Oak bark is brewed, simmered for 20 minutes in a water bath and used daily as a wash lotion.
2. Lingonberry juice. It has a drying property due to its high acid content. Squeeze the juice out of several berries and treat the skin.
3. Carrot mask. It will help with vitamin deficiency and purulent inflammation. The natural crushed vegetable is applied to a burn, ulcer or acne to relieve redness.
4. Sea buckthorn oil. You need to lubricate the affected area to get rid of the burning sensation on the skin. Used for allergic dermatitis.
5. Lemon. Contraindicated for gastritis and stomach ulcers, used internally. It is recommended to drink 10-25 drops of lemon juice daily to get rid of ringworm.

Even folk remedies provoke the development of an allergic reaction. If hives or other rashes appear, you should stop using it.

refusal to visit public swimming pools and baths;

personal hygiene products;

lack of contact with an infected person;

refusal of promiscuity, abstinence;

proper nutrition.

Don't forget to wash your hands before eating, after using the toilet, and after going outside. Simple rules will help you avoid contracting skin diseases.

Few people know that the human skin is the largest organ in the body. The area of ​​skin on the body is about two square meters. Based on this, it is quite logical to assume that the number of skin diseases includes a considerable list.

In addition to the fact that the human skin performs the protective and immune function of the body, it also regulates temperature, water balance and many sensations. This is why it is so important to protect your skin from exposure various diseases. This task is the most important regarding prevention.

Below you can find out which of the most common skin diseases a person can experience and see their photos. Here you can find a description of the diseases, as well as the symptoms and causes of the disease. You should immediately pay attention to the fact that many skin diseases can be cured without much difficulty.

Causes of skin diseases

The main causes that cause or aggravate skin diseases:

Important! Facial skin diseases not associated with infections and viruses can be caused by chronic diseases, genetic characteristics or external factors.

Treatment

In the absence of a proper approach, any skin disease becomes chronic, grows even more, and it is often very difficult to cure a patient in this condition. In addition, there are a number of concomitant diseases, the manifestations of which could have been avoided.

To carry out competent and comprehensive therapy, it is necessary to carry out several important points together with the attending physician:

• Identify a complete history of the disease and determine its exact classification.
• Carry out all necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis.
• Treat the body using both external and internal drugs.
• Visit your doctor regularly for consultations.
• Systematically, at least once a year, be examined for the presence of residual microorganisms of the disease so that it does not develop into a chronic form.

Drug therapy

An important point for proper treatment is medication therapy.

For such treatment, the following groups of drugs are distinguished:

Folk remedies

Traditional medicine has found several approaches to the problem of skin diseases, since this is one of the most noticeable infections that a person can suffer from.

In natural storehouses you can find such effective means combating skin ailments:

Skin is the only barrier against terrible viruses and various kinds an infection that constantly attacks a person. And, unfortunately, the protective coverings also get sick. Photos of new diseases appear almost every day. Many of them have not yet been given classification and description.

It is very important that if any deviations from the norm occur, do not treat the problem negligently, but immediately contact a dermatologist in order to avoid serious health problems in the future.

Article format: Lozinsky Oleg

Cuperosis

This disease can be recognized by specific capillary networks or stars. It occurs due to the expansion of the vascular walls and loss of their elasticity, which causes blood stagnation. A skin disease can manifest itself as just one “point” or a whole network that spreads along the wings of the nose, cheeks, and area around the eyes. Often rosacea signals a predisposition to diseases of the cardiovascular system or liver diseases.

Frequent causes:

• injuries;
• exposure to UV rays;
• heredity;
• drinking alcohol and smoking;
• prolonged exposure to low temperatures;
• peeling and other cosmetic procedures;
• presence of chronic diseases.

Cellulite

Without treatment, cellulite can lead to serious complications.

Cellulite is a skin infection that can become a serious problem if a person does not receive prompt treatment.

Cellulite develops when bacteria infect the deeper layers of the skin and cause redness, swelling, soreness and fever in the affected area.

Cellulite can also cause symptoms similar to a cold. Sometimes they begin to appear even before signs of skin infection appear. These symptoms include the following:

• fever;
• chills;
• fatigue;
• cold sweat;
• nausea;
• drowsiness;
• difficulty concentrating.

If left untreated, cellulite can lead to serious complications such as blood infections.

Acne

Symptoms: presence of acne, ulcers, internal pimples. Cause of manifestation: inflammation of the sebaceous glands. There are three degrees of acne severity: high - more than 40 lesions, medium - from 10 to 40, mild - up to 20 formations.

Causes of the disease:

• hormonal changes (age-related, menstrual and others);
• heredity;
• side effect of hormone therapy.

Acne usually occurs in teenagers, but can also occur in adults. People with oily skin or hormonal imbalances are at risk.

On hands

Hands are most often exposed to negative influences from various fungal aggressors or small subcutaneous mites. Therefore, diseases of the dermis on the hands are of a contact-domestic nature.

Such ailments most often affect the hand area:

1. One in five people suffers from psoriasis, which occurs on the hands.
2. Ringworm is also common.
3. The occurrence of carcinomas is observed in elderly people.

Chloasma

Opposites of vitiligo: excessive pigmentation. The area is dark, usually brown, and gradually enlarges. spots may merge into one rounded lesion. May be caused by pregnancy or diseases: disorders of the ovaries, liver or pituitary gland.

Heat rash

Heat rash is a condition in which the skin becomes irritated when exposed to too much high temperature or moisture. A heat rash outbreak appears as red, itchy patches on the skin with groups of small, raised pimples. Such spots can cause noticeable discomfort, accompanied by a burning and tingling sensation.

Heat rashes often develop where skin folds form, causing some areas of the skin to rub against others. Such places, for example, include the groin and elbow joint areas.

Rosacea

As a rule, the lesions affect only the skin of the face; an adult patient with a genetic predisposition is at risk. It has a polyetiological nature and a staged course. Manifestation: facial hyperemia, pustules, edematous papules, telangiectasia. Important: hyperplasia of connective tissue and sebaceous glands is characteristic, and not increased secretion of sebaceous glands (unlike acne). As a rule, the skin disease manifests itself in patients aged 35-40 years, reaching a peak at 40-50 years. The disease is provoked by changes in tone superficial vessels skin caused by endogenous and exogenous factors.

Scarlet fever

Scarlet fever is contagious (transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person) bacterial infection, which usually affects children and infants. This condition causes a pinkish-red rash that may feel hard to the touch. This symptom begins to appear at chest, but may later spread to other parts of the body.

Additional symptoms of scarlet fever include the following:

• red and sore throat;
• high body temperature;
• change in tongue color (usually bright red with small bumps);
• swelling of the neck;
• headache;
• muscle aches;
• pain in the abdomen.

Small nodular sarcoidosis

Manifestation: nodular elements with a dense consistency with sharp boundaries. They can have a color from pink to brownish-yellow. Telangiectasias form on the surface of some papules. In place of resolved elements, small atrophic scars form. Diascopy reveals the phenomenon of “dustiness” and small yellowish spots. Resolved elements tend to form scars.

Treatment of basal cell carcinoma on the face

Important! Fungal and infectious diseases of the facial skin are provoked pathogenic organisms. Infections on the face can infect deep tissues or enter the bloodstream, causing sepsis.

Hyperkeratosis of the facial skin

Dermatologists often diagnose hyperkeratosis of the facial skin: treatment of this disease will also require examination, additional diagnostics and prescribing appropriate treatment. Although, of course, this disease is not as dangerous as basal cell carcinoma. Hyperkeratosis is a whole symptom complex characterized by the following manifestations:

• excessive cell division of the upper layer of the epidermis of the face;
• their desquamation;
• thickening of skin areas;
• severe dryness of the skin;
• surface unevenness;
• sometimes the affected areas become covered with a dry, tough crust.

Treatment of hyperkeratosis of the facial skin should always be carried out exclusively under the supervision of a dermatologist.

To eliminate the symptoms of this disease, the following drugs and medications are prescribed:

• peeling creams, scrubs followed by the application of softening ointments;
• mandatory inclusion in the daily diet of foods high in retinol (vitamin A) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C), as well as taking them in tablet or injection form;
• cosmetic procedures aimed at exfoliating and softening the stratum corneum of the epidermis;
• aromatic retinoids containing vitamins;
• ointments with glucocorticosteroid hormones.

At home, treatment of facial skin hyperkeratosis involves the use of folk remedies for the care of dry, flaky skin. They include:

1. moisturizing masks with glycerin, cream, aloe juice, egg yolk;
2. potato compresses;
3. onion tinctures;
4. beetroot applications.

The main symptom of hyperkeratosis that has to be dealt with is dry facial skin: treatment in this case should be comprehensive and include both medications and salon procedures prescribed by specialists, as well as folk remedies.

Streptococcal infection

Mainly found in women and children, the lesion affects smooth skin and has no connection with the follicular apparatus. Manifestation: phlectena or impetigo, which quickly opens and forms serous-purulent crusts. It is most often observed in the corners of the mouth and eyes.

Important! Pustular diseases of the facial skin most often occur due to the influence of streptococci, fungal infections, staphylococci and other infections. Factors contributing to the development of the disease: high sugar blood, microtraumas, hypovitaminosis. There are superficial and deep forms. Boils with one purulent-necrotic core and carbuncles are a manifestation of the deep form.

Other burns

Burns on the human body can remain not only due to sun rays, but also due to the influence of other factors. The most common types of burns include the following.

• Thermal burns. They occur when the skin comes into contact with something hot, such as fire, steam, or hot liquids.
• Chemical burns. Aggressive chemicals when exposed to skin can cause chemical burns. These substances include acids, bleaches and cleaning agents.
• Electrical burns. They can appear when the skin is exposed to strong electrical current, such as exposed wires.
• Friction burns. Appear on the body when the skin periodically rubs against rough surfaces or fabrics.
• Radiation burns. Radiation can damage skin and cause burns. In particular, such burns can be a side effect radiation therapy, used to fight cancer.

Each of these types of burns can cause redness of the skin.

Doctors classify burns according to severity.

• First degree burns- the mildest, which usually manifest themselves only as redness of the skin.
• Second degree and third degree burns- more serious burns in which several layers of skin are damaged.
• Fourth degree burns- the most severe burns that can affect the bones and muscles located under the skin.

Acne vulgaris

Purulent inflammation of the hair follicle and the sebaceous gland itself. Often caused by a staph infection. Usually the rashes are observed on the face, chest, and back. The course of the facial disease: the appearance of blackheads - comedones, then the appearance of a painful red nodule, after which - the formation of a purulent pustule.

With infections, necrotic acne is possible, in which necrosis progresses deep in the element. In this case, after healing, a scar forms. The spread of the process increases the risk of abscesses and acne conglobata.

Important! Viral skin diseases occur in 3-4% of adult patients and in up to 10% of children.

The most common representatives

Skin diseases humans, photos and descriptions of which are known to the world, have a huge variety of types, species and subspecies. However, among them there are 15 most common diseases.

Acne

In common parlance – acne. The disease is characterized by the appearance of inflammatory processes in some areas of the sebaceous gland, specifically inflammation hair follicles and, directly, the areas of the gland underneath them.

This is the nightmare of all teenagers, many adults and even the elderly. The exact cause has not yet been determined.

The appearance of acne is associated with propionium bacteria, which are found on the surface of every person’s skin. Their active life activity provokes a violation of the integrity of the bactericidal mechanism of sebum.

The most common triggers for acne are:

• stress;
• menstruation;
• hot weather;
• binge eating;
• excessive hormonal activity (for example, during adolescence).

Symptoms of the disease:

• fragmentary redness of skin areas;
• the occurrence of painful boils, pustules and small ulcers;
• excessive secretion of sebum.

Common people attribute the name “oily skin” to the latter.

Dermatitis

The disease is similar to acne, but the causes of its occurrence are different.

The disease is a lesion of the skin, namely:

• redness;
• ulcers;
• ulcers caused by various types of aggressive substances, often of a chemical nature.

Lichen

This is a disease of the upper and middle layers of the dermis, which consists of scabs and rashes, which, if treated improperly and untimely, can turn into purulent wounds. In addition, symptoms of the disease include severe itching, redness, and excessive dryness of the skin.

Ringworm is often infectious in nature and is transmitted through an infected person or animal.

The cause of occurrence is contact with the skin and the active development of three types of lichen fungi:

• geophilic (coming from the soil);
• anthropophilic (developing and living on human skin);
• zooanthropophilic (dermal-dwelling animals, both domestic and wild) types.

Herpes

This is a very common viral disease.

It consists of small ulcers and mucus bubbles that are grouped in one area, often:

• in the corners of the lips;
• on the mucous membrane;
• under the nose;
• on the genitals.

Despite the fact that the disease is very common and with timely the right approach easily curable, the virus becomes very dangerous against the background of other diseases. If a patient is sick with encephalitis, meningitis, or a disorder of the mucous membranes, herpes can become a very serious problem for him, and in this case it will be difficult to treat.

The disease tends to “spread” - gradually increasing the area and depth of skin damage. After it passes initial stage, and the disease takes root, the patient’s temperature rises, signs of acute respiratory viral infection are observed, and the purulent wounds become larger.

Herpes has many subtypes, complications from which can manifest themselves as pneumonia, cardiac dysfunction, and the development of concomitant diseases. Herpes is a significant blow to immune system person. Among other things, the disease is transmitted from a sick mother to a newborn child - type 6 herpes is widespread among children.

Eczema

This is a skin disease that looks like small blisters, scales, cracks and miniature sores. In addition to the obvious symptoms, the patient also suffers from constant severe itching. Unlike the previous 4, this disease is not contagious. It is inflammatory in nature and often chronic.

The causes of eczema are external and internal. The first are chemical or physical damage to the skin, followed by inflammation. The second is the result of various diseases of the liver, nervous and endocrine systems occurring in the body.

Acne vulgaris

This is the formation of large papules, comedones and nodes, as a result of prolonged inflammation of the hair follicles of the skin. Externally, these neoplasms are similar to acne, but are much larger in size than ordinary pimples; an impressive amount of pus and fluid quickly accumulates inside them.

The reasons for such inconveniences are:

Their spread can only be dealt with through long-term treatment after a thorough consultation with a dermatologist and appropriate tests.

Bedsores

This type of dermal pathology consists of purulent wounds of various sizes. The reason for this is necrosis of soft tissues, which occurs from prolonged compression of one or another area of ​​the body, as a result of which the flow of blood and life-giving fluids to it is blocked.

The symptoms are as follows: the occurrence of bruises, hematomas, redness and then blue discoloration of parts of the skin. Bedsores most often occur in bedridden patients, people with anorexia or overweight.

Scabies

One of the contagious infectious diseases, the first symptom of which is the occurrence of severe itching, redness and excessive dryness of the skin. The cause is the scabies mite. You can catch the disease in almost any public place if you do not follow the rules of hygiene.

Keratosis

This type of deviation is more likely not a separate disease, but a general condition of the skin, in which a large area of ​​tissue becomes rough, horny, and a dense crust is formed. The form of the disease is non-inflammatory.

The reason is skin damage as a result of prolonged excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays and, as a result, deep skin damage.

Symptoms are the appearance of small, up to half a centimeter, hard neoplasms, similar to moles, but flattened and having a hard crust that resembles a callus to the touch. They are usually localized in a small area, but if the sun exposes a large area of ​​skin for a long time, there is a risk of developing serious keratotic foci of inflammation.

Carcinoma

A cancerous type, a malignant neoplasm that develops on the outer surface of the epithelium. The symptoms are complex, and at first glance the tumor is almost impossible to distinguish from a mole.

But, if it gradually increases in size, turns red, the skin around it hurts, and the tissues acquire a purple tint, you should urgently consult a dermatologist, oncologist and undergo the appropriate tests. The provoking factor may be a congenital predisposition or a large dose of radioactive radiation.

Hemangioma

This is a benign pathology that usually affects newborns or infants. The neoplasm looks like a large red mole.

In most cases, when its size does not exceed the permissible norm, the hemangioma resolves by itself by 5 years.

The exact cause has not yet been determined. Hemangioma does not manifest itself symptomatically.

Melanoma

This tumor is malignant. The reason for its occurrence is excessive release of melanin in the skin tissue. This is done by pigment cells under prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.

Melanoma is extremely dangerous, since the body responds poorly to its development, symptoms do not appear, while the tumor itself actively metastasizes to all organs of the patient. Melanoma looks flat large mole, tends to expand suddenly and uncontrollably.

Papilloma

The disease is caused by the human papillomavirus. This is a benign tumor-like formation. It affects epithelial cells. Localized in the form of a papilla, it is not detected symptomatically and must be removed. There are cases when the number of papillomas exceeds permissible norm, then you need to contact a dermatologist and undergo comprehensive treatment.

Dermatomycosis

The disease involves a serious fungal infection of the human epithelium. The reason, accordingly, is a fungus.

It is transmitted through contact and household contact through infected people, animals, and everyday objects. The affected skin becomes inflamed, swells with blisters, chains of pimples and wounds appear, and severe itching occurs.

Erysipelas

The disease is viral in nature, often relapsing. The cause and main pathogen is streptococcus. The mode of transmission is a virus. Contact someone with erysipelas healthy person highly undesirable. Symptoms are redness of the skin, often on the face or legs, fever, intoxication. Most often, the disease is treatable.

Human skin diseases (photos and descriptions of the most common of them are given above) have their own special characteristics depending on where on the body they are localized. Depending on the place of origin of one or another skin disease, it can be associated with problems different systems body.

HPV - Human papillomavirus

Causes the appearance of condylomas and warts on the mucous membranes and skin. More than 200 varieties of the virus are known, of which 50% are main reason the occurrence of warts. The cause of the virus is low immunity and skin microtraumas. When infected, the virus may not appear for a long time, but become more active when the body weakens. There is a definite connection between HPV infection and some forms of cancer, including cervical cancer.

Important! Usually, each disease has pronounced symptoms, but often skin changes can be grouped, which complicates the diagnostic process. To find out the reasons for the appearance of deviations, it is necessary to undergo an examination and be extremely frank with the dermatologist, without hiding habits or diseases. Self-medication or use of drugs without an accurate diagnosis can worsen the situation.

Diagnostics

The main and very first doctor who should be visited at the first suspicion of a skin disease should be a dermatologist.

Human skin diseases, photos and descriptions of which can be found on the Internet, have many similar features, so a person can diagnose himself with something completely wrong. Under no circumstances should you treat such things yourself.

• Urologist.
• Gynecologist.
• In some cases, see an oncologist.

Depending on the specific nature of the disease, which will be determined by the chief attending physician after the examination, the patient will need to take such tests and undergo examinations from the list, on the recommendation of the doctor.

They are as follows:

Hyperkeratoses

Hyperkeratosis is a condition characterized by excessive formation of superficial skin cells - the epidermis. It may be due to external or internal reasons. The most common localization of this process is the feet. Hyperkeratosis of the feet is observed in at least 40% of women and 20% of men. This is due to increased stress on the feet, walking in heels, wearing tight shoes, and flat feet. Diseases accompanied by hyperkeratosis include ichthyosis, psoriasis and other diseases. Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease of unknown origin. Its prevalence is 2–3%. Most often, the disease begins between the ages of 10 and 30 years. A hereditary predisposition is characteristic: if one of the parents is sick with psoriasis, then the risk of it in the child is 25%, if both parents are sick – then 65%.

Herpes zoster

This disease, which is also called vesicular lichen, has a very characteristic appearance: a “path” of painful small blisters located along the nerve pathways of a person’s torso - hence the name “herpes zoster.” The cause is a virus chickenpox, penetrated into ganglia man when he had chickenpox. Usually the rash is accompanied by an increase in temperature. The rashes themselves disappear within a couple of weeks to a month, but neuralgic pain sometimes persists for months. The disease is fraught with complications. Herpes zoster is contagious as long as the rash is present. Transmission of infection is possible only by contact.

The only thing effective remedy, intended to combat herpes viruses - acyclovir. No other drugs will help against this infection.

Parsley ice

If inflammation of the scalp or face is caused by any disease, then you should seek help from a doctor. They will be able to deliver accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment. If inflammation on the face manifests itself as acne and acne, then you can resort to the help of alternative medicine.

In a blender or with a knife, you need to chop fresh parsley. Pour a few tablespoons of the resulting mass into a glass of boiling water and leave for two hours. After this, the product should be filtered and cooled. The resulting infusion should be poured into ice molds and then placed in the freezer. This ice can be used daily for wiping. The procedure should be carried out carefully so as not to damage the skin.

Variety of pathologies

Changes in facial skin have a polyetiological nature. Among the causes of dermatological diseases are:

• exposure to infectious agents;
• sensitization of the body to certain antigens and even physical phenomena;
• genetic determinant;
• hormonal imbalance.

Improper skin care can be a starting point in the development of pathology. Lack of hygiene when shaving often leads to inflammation of the hair follicles and infection. Overdrying of the skin when frequent use cosmetics or, on the contrary, excessive moisturizing and clogging of pores contributes to the development of disorders.

Microcephaly

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