Reasons for not having periods other than pregnancy. Reasons for missed periods other than pregnancy

Often modern women are faced with the problem of no menstruation and no pregnancy; the reasons for this may lie in their state of health, both physical and psychological. Doctors are dealing with such a serious issue in detail. They explain in detail the essence of the problem and its solution methods.

From birth, a girl’s body has a reproductive function. As soon as the end of children's games comes, the life of an adult, full-fledged girl begins.

Menstruation (blood discharge) is a rather complex and important process in the body that occurs with a certain cyclicity.

In the first year after the appearance of the first menstruation (menarche), the cycle is quite imprecise and uncertain. In the next 1-2 years it levels out and amounts to a certain number of days.

Schematic cycle of menstruation

The period from the beginning of the first day of menstruation to the first day of the next menstruation is called the menstrual cycle. According to statistics, normal cycle is 28 days. A period of 21 and 35 days can also be considered normal for a healthy woman.

It is usually divided into 3 phases:

1. The period when the egg begins to mature. It is a period of 15 days from the first day of menstruation. The phase is called foliculin phase.
2. The phase characterized by the release of an egg into the fallopian tube (ovulation). Its duration is no more than 3-5 days.
3. The luteal phase lasts from the end of the ovulation period until the beginning of the first menstrual day.

If fertilization occurs during ovulation, the corpus luteum is formed from the follicle with the help of brain hormones during the luteal phase.

When the follicle does not have time to mature as the first phase approaches, the onset of the second ovulatory phase is delayed, thereby provoking lengthening menstrual cycle.

If you don't have your period, when should you start worrying?

An absolutely healthy woman has so-called “delays” of 2-3 days, which are also the norm.

An irregular cycle or a cycle with deviations can be called delays that last more than 10 days. This duration indicates obvious deviations or pregnancy, issues that should be addressed immediately.

The symptoms of a missed period and pregnancy are very similar. Coarsening of the mammary glands, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, all this can be felt during the premenstrual period. The most the right way A regular pregnancy test will help you find out the answer to this question. Good and expensive tests will show results at any time of the day and even after several days of delay.

If there is no menstruation, but there is no pregnancy, it is quite problematic to find out the reasons why this happens on your own, only contact an experienced doctor The gynecologist will help identify the true problem.

Why is there a delay in menstruation, gynecological reasons

No periods and no pregnancy - reasons are clear. A failure in the cycle, which is caused by many factors, often hidden in problems with gynecology. It can be:

• gynecological diseases;
• inflammatory processes associated with gynecology;
• menopause;
• oncology.

All reasons are quite serious, the symptoms of which will be a delay in menstruation. Tracking the disease at an early stage means it can be resolved faster.

Gynecological diseases that contribute to cycle failure

Lack of menstruation is a consequence of work disruption internal organs. Most often this is associated with a number of gynecological diseases.

Polycystic ovary syndrome – hormonal disorder, which affects the cycle, as a result of which its periodicity is irregular. The pathology is that an excessive number of eggs mature in the ovary, for which there is no outlet.

Ovulation does not occur on time, or occurs with a significant delay. Subsequently, the woman experiences quite significant pain during menstruation, which came with a long break.

In addition to delayed menstruation, during polycystic disease there may be signs of the presence of the disease:

• excessive male-pattern body hair;
• frequent weight fluctuations or overweight, especially in the upper body.

To diagnose PCOS, the doctor prescribes a series of hormonal tests and ultrasound examinations, after which he selects the appropriate treatment. Typically, treatment is carried out with hormonal drugs or weakly hormonal oral contraceptives, which equalize the production of male and female hormones.

Other more severe hormonal diseases can also delay menstruation. Most often they relate to diseases of the appendages or formations benign tumors . They are usually accompanied by spotting bloody discharge during the entire cycle.

Gynecological inflammatory processes

Inflammatory processes that occur in the gynecological part also affect the absence or delay of menstruation. Their manifestation is characterized by pain in the lower abdomen and pathological discharge. Gynecological inflammatory processes most often affect the ovaries and fallopian tubes.

Their causative agents may be incompletely cured diseases or their complications that are sexually transmitted. The causative agents of these diseases can be viruses, bacteria and fungi. Most often, most pathogens are resistant to antibiotics, so it is quite difficult to cure them.

The consequences of abortion, difficult childbirth and the introduction of an intrauterine device can provoke one of the most common inflammations in the female part - adnexitis.

A pathological process that simultaneously affects the ovaries and the fallopian tubes. At the appointment, the gynecologist discovers a painful enlargement of one of the appendages. Having passed tests for bacterial cultures and smears, you can determine the microbial causative agent of the disease.

Climax

At the age of 40 and above, a period when there are no periods, but there is no pregnancy, it is a little easier to explain the reason.

Changes in the cycle, the intensity of menstruation, indicate that a woman’s fertile period is coming to an end. Changes in hormonal levels lead to all of the above problems.

During this period, it is very important to take care of contraception, since it is not always possible to accurately determine whether menopause has occurred or whether an unwanted pregnancy has occurred.

Oncological diseases

Malignant tumors can affect a woman’s menstrual cycle. This happens for a number of reasons:

1. Changes in the functioning of organs. Cell division intensifies, the body spends all its resources not on the production of necessary substances, but on the fight against malignant pathogens. The production of hormones is inhibited, and menstruation does not occur at a certain period.
2. The ability of malignant cells to secrete toxic substances leads to complete intoxication of the body. This interferes with the natural renewal of healthy cells, resulting in the absence of menstruation.

Symptoms of oncology can be suspected early stages: bleeding in the middle of the cycle, discomfort in the genital area, pain in the lower abdomen, all these are reasons to immediately consult a doctor. Timely diagnosed malignant tumor– success for further recovery.

Delayed menstruation, but the test is negative: reasons

Except gynecological problems, there are also external and psychological factors which can affect the delay of menstruation. In this case, it should be remembered that female body This one system, which is closely interconnected, and a malfunction of one organ affects the functioning of another.

Stress and depression

A woman’s ability to take everything to heart is always fraught nervous exhaustion. Problems at work or school, problems in the family and personal life - all this can lead to change psychological state for the worse.

Stress - common reason when there is no period, but there is no pregnancy. Cycle failure occurs due to nervous disorders

In a stressful situation or a state of depression in blood is flowing the release of the hormone cortisol, which is produced by the adrenal glands, also increases the level of prolactin, which blocks the ovulation phase.

All these factors can affect cycle changes and delayed menstruation. Young girls whose hormonal levels are not fully established are especially susceptible to changes in hormones. Also at risk are women after 40-45 years of age on the eve of menopause.

Problems with excess weight

Adipose tissue, like other organs of the body, is capable of regulating the menstrual cycle. With excess body weight, the level of estrogen in the blood increases, thereby blocking the body's normal natural processes.

In addition, excess weight can provoke:

• polycystic ovary syndrome (absence of menstruation for 2-3 months, irregular cycle, excess hair growth, skin problems, can lead to infertility);
• oligomenorrhea (noted in 60% of obese patients, rare menstruation);
• amenorrhea (absence of menstruation for up to six months or more)

Weight fluctuations and excessive thinness are also dangerous. It can also lead to amenorrhea.

Intoxication of the body

Alcohol, cigarettes, viral diseases and poisoning all characterize general intoxication. Spending all its energy fighting toxins, the body cannot afford the extra stress, thereby postponing the “monthly bleeding.”

Change in climatic conditions

Sometimes when traveling from city to city, you may notice a regular delay of 5-7 days. What can we say about climate change and time zones? Finding itself in a non-standard situation, the body experiences a certain stress, thereby blocking the normal production of hormones.

As a result, there are no periods for more than 2 months, but there is also no pregnancy. Causeswill be resolved as soon as adaptation to the new living conditions occurs. So all that remains is waiting.

Taking medications

Medicines can also affect the delay of menstruation. This is especially true for reception oral contraceptives. Changing between medications or changing from one package to another may cause a slight delay.

Reception emergency contraceptives, can provoke a lack of menstruation for 10-15 days. Afterwards, some changes are observed in the cycle for the first 2 months.

Hereditary predisposition to cycle disorders

If your grandmother or mother, or your closest relatives had problems with cycle disorders, then perhaps these problems will be passed on to the future generation. But this problem has not been thoroughly studied by doctors and scientists, so the question of heredity still remains open.

How to induce your period yourself

Waiting for your period can be quite nerve-wracking. Especially it concerns unwanted pregnancy. Also, on the eve of a vacation or an important event, you want to postpone or, on the contrary, speed up the physiological process. This can be done in quite a few different ways.

Medications

Oral contraceptives are the easiest way to speed up the arrival of menstruation.

It is enough to stop taking the pills a few days before the chosen date and menstruation will begin. But you need to be quite careful with this, since arbitrary cancellation hormonal drugs may cause uterine bleeding

Traditional recipes for inducing menstruation on your own

Some women resort to traditional medicine to induce menstruation. But the benefits of these activities are not only ineffective, but sometimes can even be quite dangerous.

Most Popular effective methods The “call” of menstruation is as follows:

1. Hot bath. They say that hot water can cause a rush of blood to the genitals. Many also advise eating a piece of aloe at this time or drinking water with a couple of drops of iodine.
2. Impact dose of ascorbic acid.
3. Elephant root (take 50 g.)
4. Decoctions of various herbs and eating a lot of parsley

Before solving a problem with menstruation on your own, you should make an appointment with a doctor and ask the following questions:

• how can you find out the reason why there are no periods and no pregnancy;
• do you need to undergo a special examination or can you get by with an oral consultation;
• what tests need to be taken

Usually an experienced specialist will show and tell you in detail what needs to be done.

No periods. How dangerous are delays?

A delay in menstruation itself is not as dangerous as the reasons that can delay it. Very often, dangerous diseases can be hidden behind this. Ectopic pregnancy may also be the reason for missing periods and a negative pregnancy test.

Only an ultrasound will help identify it; if this is not done in time, the pathology will lead to pipe rupture and severe consequences.

Therefore, if your period does not occur for 10 days or more, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Despite the problems described above, among other things, the reason for the absence of menstruation may be the onset of a long-awaited pregnancy. And only an experienced specialist will answer the exact question, yes or no.

Videos about the reasons for the absence of menstruation

Why are there no periods, but no pregnancy? Reasons for delay:

Reasons for missed periods if there is no pregnancy:

Delayed menstruation is a menstrual disorder characterized by the absence of menstruation for more than 35 days. The reason for this may be physiological factors, for example, pregnancy or the imminent onset of menopause, as well as pathologies in the female body. Delayed menstruation occurs at any age. You should consult a doctor if there is no menstrual bleeding more than 5 days after the due date. The gynecologist will help find the cause in order to determine further treatment.

Menstrual cycle

The female body of reproductive age functions cyclically. The final stage of such a cycle is monthly bleeding. They indicate that the egg is not fertilized and pregnancy has not occurred. A regular menstrual cycle indicates coherence in the functioning of the female body. A delay in menstruation is an indicator of some kind of failure.

A girl's first menstruation occurs between the ages of 11 and 15 years. At first there may be delays that are not related to pathology. The cycle normalizes after 1-1.5 years. Pathology includes the onset of menstruation at the age of less than 11 years, as well as if it did not begin at 17 years of age. If this age is 18-20 years old, then there are problems that may be associated with a violation physical development, underdevelopment of the ovaries, malfunction of the pituitary gland and others.

Normally, the cycle should be regular: menstruation begins and ends after a certain time. For most women, the cycle is 28 days, which is equal to the duration lunar month. For about a third of women it is shorter - 21 days, and for 10% it is 30-35 days. Menstruation usually lasts from 3 to 7 days, during which 50 to 150 ml of blood is lost. After 40-55 years, menstruation stops altogether, and this period is called menopause.

TO serious problems women's health relate:

• irregular cycle;
• hormonal disorders
• frequent delays of menstruation from 5 to 10 days;
• alternating scanty and heavy bleeding.

A woman needs to get a menstrual calendar, which will indicate the onset and duration of bleeding. In this case, it is easy to notice a delay in menstruation.

The problem of delayed menstruation in girls and women

A delay in menstruation is considered to be a disruption in the menstrual cycle when the next bleeding does not occur at the right time. The absence of menstruation for 5 to 7 days is not considered pathological. This phenomenon occurs at any age: adolescence, childbearing and premenopause. The reasons for a delay in menstruation can be both physiological and abnormal reasons.

Natural causes during puberty include irregular menstruation for 1-1.5 years during the formation of the cycle. During childbearing age physiological reasons missed periods - pregnancy and breastfeeding. During premenopause, the menstrual cycle gradually decreases, frequent delays turn into complete extinction of reproductive function in the female body. Other reasons for delayed periods are not physiological and require consultation with a gynecologist.

Reasons for missed periods

Most often, a delay in menstruation among representatives of the fair sex who are sexually active is associated with pregnancy. Also, for a short period of time, nagging pain in the lower abdomen, enlargement and tenderness of the mammary glands, drowsiness, changes in taste preferences, morning sickness, fast fatiguability. Rarely, spotting brownish discharge appears.

Pregnancy can be determined using a pharmacy test or a blood test for hCG. If pregnancy is not confirmed, then a delay in menstruation could be caused by other reasons:

1. Stress. Each stressful situation, for example, associated with conflicts, work problems, anxiety due to school, can provoke a delay in menstruation by 5-10 days or even longer.
2. Overwork, which is often combined with a stressful situation. Physical activity, of course, is good for the body, but if it is excessive, it can affect the regularity of menstruation. Overwork, especially in combination with an exhausting diet, negatively affects estrogen synthesis, which can cause a delay in menstruation. Signs of overwork are also migraines, quick loss body weight, deterioration in performance. If your period is delayed due to physical fatigue, this means that the body is signaling the need for a break. A delay in menstruation is observed in women who work at night or with a flexible work schedule, which involves overtime on days when it is necessary. The cycle normalizes on its own when the balance between diet and physical activity is restored.
3. Underweight or, conversely, overweight. For normal operation endocrine system A woman should keep her BMI normal. Delayed menstruation is often associated with underweight or excess weight. At the same time, the cycle is restored after normalization of body weight. In women suffering from anorexia, menstruation may disappear forever.
4. Change of usual living environment. The fact is that The biological clock the body are very important for the normal regulation of the menstrual cycle. If they change, for example, as a result of flying to a country with a different climate or starting work at night, a delay in menstruation may occur. If a change in the rhythm of life causes a delay in menstruation, it will normalize on its own within a couple of months.
5. Colds or inflammatory diseases may also affect menstruation. Each disease can negatively affect the regularity of the cycle and cause a delay in menstruation. It could be acute course chronic diseases, acute respiratory viral infections or any other health problems in the previous month. The regularity of the cycle will be restored within a couple of months.
6. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a disease accompanied by hormonal imbalance, which causes irregular menstrual bleeding. Signs of polycystic disease are also excessive growth hair in the area of ​​the face and body, problematic skin(acne, oiliness), excess weight and difficulty with fertilization. If the gynecologist determines the cause of delayed menstruation is polycystic ovary syndrome, he prescribes a course of oral hormonal contraceptives, which helps regulate the menstrual cycle.
7. Any inflammatory or tumor disease of the genital organs. In addition to delayed menstruation, inflammatory processes are accompanied by painful sensations lower abdomen and uncharacteristic discharge. They need to be treated in mandatory: such diseases are fraught with complications and even the development of infertility.
8. Cyst corpus luteum ovary. To get rid of it and restore the menstrual cycle, the gynecologist prescribes a course of hormonal medications.
9. Postpartum period. At this time, the pituitary gland hormone prolactin is produced, which regulates the production breast milk and inhibits the cyclic work of the ovaries. If after childbirth there is no breast-feeding, menstruation should occur in approximately 2 months. If lactation improves, then menstruation, as a rule, returns after its completion.
10. Artificial termination of pregnancy. IN in this case Delayed menstruation is common, but not normal. In addition to a sharp change in hormonal levels, its causes may be mechanical injuries, the presence of which can only be determined by a doctor.

Operation failure thyroid gland also provokes irregular menstruation. This is due to the fact that thyroid hormones affect metabolism. With their excess or deficiency, the menstrual cycle is also disrupted.

Elevated levels of thyroid hormones are characterized by:

• decrease in body weight;
• increased heart rate;
• excessive sweating;
• unstable emotional background;
• sleep problems.

With a lack of thyroid hormones, the following symptoms appear:

• weight gain;
• the appearance of swelling;
• constant desire to sleep;
• causeless hair loss.

If there is a suspicion that a delay in menstruation is caused by a malfunction of the thyroid gland, you should consult an endocrinologist.

Taking some medicines can also cause a delay in menstruation. The main ones:

1. Oral hormonal contraceptives are the most common drug-related cause of menstrual irregularities. The norm is a delay in menstruation during a break in their use or when taking inactive medications.
2. Emergency contraceptives can cause absence of menstruation for 5 to 10 days, which is due to the high content of hormones in them.
3. Chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of oncology.
4. Antidepressants.
5. Corticosteroid hormones.
6. Calcium channel blockers prescribed for the treatment of hypertension.
7. Omeprazole for treating stomach ulcers causes a side effect in the form of a delay in menstruation.

Between the ages of 45 and 55, most women enter menopause. This is evidenced by the absence of menstruation for a year or more. But menopause never occurs suddenly: for several years before this, irregular menstruation and frequent delays are observed.

There are some other signs that menopause is approaching:

• insomnia;
• dryness of the vaginal mucosa;
• increased night sweats;
• unstable emotional background;
• hot flashes.

How to normalize the problem with delayed periods

For determining proper treatment delay of menstruation, first of all, you need to identify its cause, the elimination of which will help normalize the cycle. To treat premenstrual syndrome and normalize hormonal levels, a course of hormonal medications is prescribed, which:

1. Relieves problems with conception associated with an insufficient luteal phase.
2. Help restore ovulation.
3. Reduces some symptoms of PMS: irritability, swelling and tenderness of the mammary glands.

If the delay in menstruation is associated with any disease, then its treatment will help regulate the cycle. From preventive measures the following can be distinguished:

• If your period is delayed due to physical fatigue or a stressful situation, you can restore the balance of the body with rest, as well as enough sleep. It is important to maintain a positive mood and be calm about events that can trigger stress. The help of a psychologist will also help.
• Nutrition should be balanced with the necessary content of vitamins and microelements. You can also take a course of multivitamins.
• Keeping a menstrual calendar will help you track any changes in your cycle.
• A preventive visit to a gynecologist can prevent any deviations in women’s health.

A woman of reproductive age must monitor the regularity of her cycle. Any disturbance in the body contributes to the development of various diseases.

Delay of menstruation. When to see a doctor

The delay in menstruation should not exceed 5-7 days. Exceptions include age-related hormonal changes in adolescence and premenopause, as well as during lactation. In all other cases, it is imperative to contact a gynecologist.

When discontinuing hormonal contraceptives, a visit to the doctor is required when the cycle does not return for several months. If menstruation is delayed due to lactation, you should consult a gynecologist if menstruation does not occur a year after birth.

In addition to a gynecological examination, the doctor may prescribe the following examinations:

If non-gynecological diseases are identified that cause a delay in menstruation, consultations with other specialists are prescribed.

Types of delays in menstruation

Delays in menstruation vary in duration. After taking emergency contraception, your period may be late for 14 days or more. The same period is typical after injections of the hormonal drug Progesterone, active substance which is synthetic progesterone. It is prescribed for a deficiency of the corpus luteum in the female body. Progesterone helps reduce uterine contractions. When taking it, only the doctor prescribes the dose and determines the rate of menstruation delay.

After stopping taking oral hormonal contraceptives, the restoration of the menstrual cycle lasts from 1 to 3 months. During this period, delays in menstruation by a week or more are considered normal: birth control pills change the cyclicity of the uterus and ovaries. To clarify the functioning of the ovaries, the doctor sends the woman for an ultrasound.

When pregnancy occurs characteristic feature when delayed - . They are necessary to protect the uterus from penetration of various microorganisms. If in the early stages of pregnancy there are brown discharge accompanied by abdominal pain, this may indicate a threat of miscarriage.

With diseases of the genitourinary system, which also contribute to a delay in menstruation, the discharge becomes brown in color with a sour odor. They are accompanied nagging pain lower abdomen. Normally, menstruation may begin with small brownish discharge.

A delay in menstruation may indicate the hidden course of certain diseases of both the genital and internal organs. Gynecological diseases that may not manifest themselves in any way other than a delay in menstruation include: erosion, fibroids, cysts, and inflammatory process.

A long delay of menstruation for a period of 1-2 months can be caused by impaired functioning of the adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Problems with these organs have a direct impact on the maturation of the egg. When they begin to produce insufficient amounts of hormones, it eventually leads to ovarian dysfunction.

Hyperinhibition of the ovaries with the absence of menstruation for several cycles can also be observed when taking or after discontinuation of hormonal contraceptives and drugs for the treatment of endometriosis. The cycle usually recovers on its own after a few months.

Often, menstrual bleeding is accompanied by blood clots. Consultation with a specialist is necessary when this occurs regularly and is accompanied by painful sensations.

Folk remedies for the treatment of delayed menstruation

Traditional methods effective treatment Delays in menstruation are quite peculiar. The use of such drugs must be agreed with a doctor so as not to harm the body. First of all, you should make sure that you are not pregnant: taking herbal medications can cause a miscarriage.

Popular folk remedies that help induce menstruation:

• Herbal infusion of nettle, knotweed, rosehip, elecampane, rose radiola root and oregano. All components of the mixture can be purchased at the pharmacy, take 2 tablespoons of each type, pour into a thermos and pour a liter of boiling water. Leave to infuse overnight, then strain and drink the entire infusion during the day, 0.5 cups at a time.
• The onion peels are washed under running water, placed in a saucepan and boiled for 15-30 minutes. The decoction is filtered and taken once in the amount of 1 glass.
• Ginger decoction should be drunk with caution: it can lead to increased restlessness.
• Angelica infusion has anti-inflammatory and diaphoretic effects. It improves performance nervous system and blood circulation.
• An infusion of black cohosh rhizome removes headache And depressive state during menstruation, and also helps regulate the cycle.
• Cardiac motherwort improves the functioning of the heart, reduces blood pressure, calms and stimulates the functioning of the uterus.
• White peony tincture reduces blood pressure, has a calming effect and improves blood circulation.
• A decoction of elecampane root is one of the most powerful remedies in folk medicine. To prepare it, you need to pour a glass of boiling water over a teaspoon of elecampane root, leave for 4 hours, strain and drink a teaspoon several times a day.
• Eating celery stimulates uterine contractions.
• Taking a hot bath and applying a heating pad to your lower abdomen. These methods help increase blood flow, but you need to be careful with them. A heating pad should not be used if there are tumors or inflammatory processes.
• Eating foods rich in vitamin C. It regulates metabolism and is involved in the synthesis of hormones. This vitamin is found in large quantities in citrus fruits, rose hips, currants, peppers, strawberries and sorrel. During pregnancy, its excessive content in the body can cause miscarriage.

Reasons for delayed periods - video:

Menstruation - this is a process characterizing the functioning of the female reproductive system. It is the separation of blood from the external genitalia.

These changes occur in the female body with a properly formed female reproductive system, including the external and internal genital organs, as well as the endocrine glands.

This is a cyclical process associated with the renewal of the mucous membrane of one of the main internal organs of the reproductive system - the uterus.

The menstrual cycle is a moment of physiological changes in a given mucous membrane, which characterizes a series of interrelated processes:

• This phase is called secretory. On initial stage This is the formation of the main cellular component of the endometrium, which occurs under the influence of estrogens. But the resulting cells are not yet formed, which means they cannot perform the main function.
• The next one is proliferative. In it, epithelial cells mature under the influence of an important hormone - progesterone. At the stage of phase change, one of the main processes occurs - ovulation, that is, the moment the formed female reproductive cell - the egg - is released. If the process of fertilization does not occur, then the endometrium formed in this cycle is subject to rejection, which is manifested by bloody discharge.

The menstrual cycle begins to form in females during adolescence, the average time is 13 - 15 years. They do not always become regular initially; they can change the time of onset throughout the year. This should be taken into account, especially if the girl begins to lead sex life, so during this period there is a possibility of pregnancy. The end of menstruation also varies, usually between 50 and 55 years.

A woman also experiences a gradual decline in her reproductive system, characterized by the cessation of ovarian function. The cycle may also fluctuate for some time. Its average duration ranges from 3 to 5 days.

Moreover, each day may have different characteristics of menstruation; at the beginning and end they are, as a rule, more scanty, and in the middle they are abundant. In this case, normally no more than 100-150 ml of blood should be released over the entire time period.

Why don't my periods start?

Pregnancy

However, diagnosis is usually not difficult. A woman can clarify the presence of pregnancy in the early stages, thereby confirming the reason for the absence of menstruation, at home using a biochemical test. You can also find out about this situation even before the delay using a blood test for the specific pregnancy hormone b-hCG.

Taking oral contraceptives

This is another reason for the cessation of menstruation. It can hardly be called physiological, since normally such a process should not occur in the body.

But it cannot be classified as pathological either, since this situation associated with the absence of menstruation does not pose a danger to the health and life of a woman. This is an artificially caused situation.

Ovulation abnormalities

This is also one of the reasons for the absence of menstruation.

There can be many causes of pathology:

Gynecological diseases

This is also one of the fairly common reasons for lack of menstruation.

Diseases of internal organs

This reason is quite rare for stopping menstruation. It can only affect single changes in the cycle, for example, when a woman is faced with a severe inflammatory process or exacerbation of chronic.

Most often this oncological pathology, which leads to suffering of all internal organs, including the reproductive system. Dystrophic and atrophic processes occur in the ovarian tissue.

Abortion

This is a pathological reason for the absence of menstruation. It is characterized by the fact that with a normal pregnancy and a stable hormonal background, there is a sharp cessation of all processes of hormonal regulation of the body.

This condition is classified as pathological, since the body undergoes severe stress. There is a sharp decrease in the level of progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin.

Perimenopause

This is a natural process that will precede the onset of full menopause, that is, the irreversible cessation of menstruation. It is characterized by the fact that there is a gradual decrease in the content of the main female organisms of estrogens, as well as a decrease in the supply of follicles in the ovaries.

Currently, menopause tends to occur earlier. This is due primarily to the small number of births, that is, to the constant continuous work of the ovaries and the rapid consumption of the reserve of the follicular apparatus.

The duration of this period for a woman can vary from several months to two to three years.

A woman may notice periodic cessation of menstruation, which then reappears. In the absence of other symptoms, treatment is usually not required.

Menopause

This is one of the quite natural causes lack of menstruation. It occurs in women in mature age, the average period reaches about 50 - 55 years. Some may encounter this situation both earlier and later in life.

These processes of non-occurrence of menstruation are associated with the natural decline of the function of the reproductive system. This does not always happen simultaneously; sometimes the absence can be periodic and manifest itself as a violation of the cycle.

But later they stop completely. In some cases, they may be asymptomatic or accompanied by severe reactions. Mostly they are associated with dysregulation of the autonomic system.

Symptoms:

1. So a woman faces hot flashes, this is a periodically occurring feeling of heat, which is accompanied by profuse sweating and increased body temperature. There is pronounced anxiety and a feeling of lack of air.
2. Also, in addition to a similar symptom, there may be a change blood pressure, increased cholesterol levels, etc.

To make a diagnosis it is usually sufficient ultrasound examination with examination of the ovaries. In case of severe absence of menstruation, the doctor selects hormonal therapy.

Changing climate conditions

Typically, such changes occur during the summer.

Several reasons can cause a change in the normal cyclicity of the menstrual cycle:

As a rule, women go to the doctor, but there is nothing dangerous or life-threatening in such a situation. This is simply a violation of cyclical physiological processes that also affected menstruation.

Weight change

Physical exercise

This is also one of the factors leading to menstruation irregularities. This is especially true for girls and young women.

Physical activity can deplete the body's reserve capacity, leading to a lack of nutrients for the onset of ovulation, as well as the process of the appearance of menstruation. At the initial stages, the process of absence of menstruation can be reversible.

Stress exposure

This is a serious reason for missing periods.

Taking medications

At the same time, groups of drugs can be completely different.

What to do if there is no menstruation?

If any malfunctions or changes in the cycle occur, a woman should consult a specialist. Regardless of whether these are one-time cases or systematic.

Menstruation is one of the main natural processes in the body healthy girl or women. Any problems associated with the reproductive system should be taken seriously. After all, the reasons for this can be very diverse: from pregnancy to dangerous diseases. If there is a delay, girls immediately have a question: “Why don’t menstruation start?” It will help you get the answer detailed review the most popular causes of cycle disruption.

Puberty

In girls, menstruation usually begins at the age of 12-14 and coincides with puberty, or rather, is its main indicator. But it forms a little later, which is why there may be delays.

Often, after the first menstruation, girls worry about why menstruation takes a long time to start again. This is completely normal and it may take one to two years to establish a regular cycle. So even if a young girl has not had her period for a whole month, there is no need to panic. However, if the delay lasts more than six months, you should consult a doctor, as in the case of an unknown cycle after two years. Sometimes it is significantly delayed, and girls at 16-17 years old only begin their first menstruation. The question immediately arises: “Can menstruation not begin at all?” Of course not, but in this case the girl’s mother should sound the alarm, because this could be a signal of dangerous diseases of the reproductive system.

Pregnancy

Why doesn't my period come for a long time? The answer to this question can be one of the most common reasons - pregnancy. After fertilization of the egg, menstruation ends until the birth of the child, and also covers part of the breastfeeding period. Moreover, for some it may take 1-2 months, while others part with menstruation until the very end of the lactation period (1-2 years). The reason for this is the production of prolactin. It is so strong that it suppresses all others female hormones in organism. If you refuse breastfeeding, then the menstrual cycle should return to normal in 1.5-2 months.

Abortions and miscarriages

As a result of an abortion or miscarriage, a woman experiences severe hormonal stress. Also abortion procedure surgically leads to a violation of the integrity of the uterine mucosa, and plus, it is often accompanied by severe blood loss. Therefore, even a long delay in menstruation in this case is quite possible.

Stress and depression

Women are very sensitive to various shocks mental nature. All kinds of quarrels, conflicts with colleagues or superiors, and even family scenes can affect the menstrual cycle.

Frequent emotional shocks will possibly lead to slight delays - up to several days. Also suitable for girls of student age. The need to combine work and study, chronic lack of sleep, extreme fatigue, exams and worries about grades can negatively affect the cycle. Severe stress should not be excluded from this list. Can menstruation be absent due to a fracture or injury experienced? extreme situation or death loved one? Of course yes, because in a state of severe stress the body switches on defense mechanisms, which may result in a slight change in the cycle. It's connected with feminine feature, since in critical and unfavorable conditions environment nature warns the girl against possible appearance offspring.

Climate change

When traveling to another country, especially to another continent, be prepared for menstrual irregularities. The acclimatization process does not always go smoothly, so menstruation may often begin ahead of schedule or, conversely, stay for several weeks. It is also worth paying attention to the time zone change. Yours will be rebuilt to new conditions, which may lead to changes in the cycle. Remember that when traveling to hot countries, you should not stay in the sun for very long; this can also cause a delay. The same applies to visiting a solarium.

Overweight or underweight

You are not pregnant, do not have any stress or anxiety, and consider yourself completely healthy woman. So why don't you get your period? It may be worth paying attention to weight problems. Moreover, disruption of the menstrual cycle can occur both from obesity and from excessive thinness. Critical excess weight can lead to disruption of the reproductive system, as the fat mass will put pressure on vital organs. Alternatively, if you are underweight as you grow, your periods may stop altogether. This is due to the fact that the body will launch a self-defense mechanism, and all processes will be aimed at maintaining life support.

Diets and weight loss

In the race for an ideal figure, women are ready to go to even the most extreme measures, and most often torture themselves by starvation. However, it is worth remembering that a sharp decrease in the number of calories entering the body can lead to long delays, since in this case protective functions are activated

Thus, the body will decide that it has found itself in unfavorable conditions, and will direct all its efforts to “conserving” energy. As a result, the work of the reproductive system temporarily stops. Even if you decide to lose weight through dieting, you need to do it correctly. Carefully monitor your diet, do not allow an acute deficiency of one of the BZHU links. A severe deficiency, as well as an excess of one of the components, can lead not only to problems with the gastrointestinal tract, but also disrupt the regularity of menstruation.

Excessive exercise

It is believed that sport does not harm anyone, but you should not expose it to stress, as you risk disrupting your menstrual cycle. Delays are also often found in women who engage in heavy physical labor or perform men's work.

Hormonal contraceptives

Sometimes women resort to emergency contraception. Tablets can help them with this a huge amount hormones. But it is worth understanding that their use often leads to a delay long term. A violation may also occur if you for a long time used contraception and then decided to stop taking it to plan a pregnancy. The body temporarily stops working as before, since for a long time it was subject to hormones coming from the outside. This phenomenon is called “ovarian hyperinhibition.” A woman’s egg stops maturing for a while, which is why menstruation does not begin. But after 2, in rare cases 3 cycles, everything will return to normal.

Intoxication of the body

My stomach doesn’t hurt, my period doesn’t start, what’s the reason? The answer may lie in severe intoxication of the body. If a woman's work involves hazardous production where it is exposed to chemical or radioactive effects, this may lead to problems with the menstrual cycle in the future. Also, do not forget that the female body reacts very negatively to smoking, as well as to taking drugs and alcohol. Long-term exposure to these reagents can lead not only to short-term delays, but also to infertility.

Medications

A woman's menstrual cycle is greatly influenced by various medical supplies. If you overuse anabolic and painkillers, be prepared for repeated delays. Do not resort to treatment often psychological diseases with the help of antidepressants. This can also negatively affect the regularity of your cycle. It's better to give preference folk remedies and soothing medicinal herbs. Often many diseases have to be treated with antibiotics, which not only negatively affect beneficial microflora vagina, but also lead to sharp decline general hormonal background. This is why menstruation does not come for a long time after serious colds, stomach and bladder diseases.

Ovarian dysfunction

Why haven't my periods started for more than a week? If you have asked yourself this question, then if pregnancy is ruled out, you should contact a gynecologist and have your ovaries examined. The most common causes are hypothermia of the pelvic organs, disruption of the thyroid gland and other problems and disruptions in the body. In any case, it is worth visiting a doctor to do a laboratory blood test, visit an endocrinologist and undergo an ultrasound of the uterus and ovaries.

Gynecological diseases

The most common cause of delay is various gynecological diseases. Any inflammation of the organs of the reproductive system can negatively affect the functioning of the ovaries and disrupt the cycle (for example, cervical diseases, fibroids, endometritis, cysts, adenomyosis and tumor processes V genitourinary system). The symptoms of these diseases can be all kinds of nagging and stabbing pains, uncharacteristic discharge and In this case, you should contact a qualified medical care or consultation with a specialist.

Climax

Has your stomach not hurt for a long time, have your periods not started for a long time? What's happened? Perhaps you're just going through menopause. In women after forty, a gradual decline in reproductive function begins. Strong hormonal changes lead to the termination of ovarian function, and the cycle can be very irregular. After crossing the threshold of childbearing age, menstruation may stop altogether. However, for some women it can happen at age 45, while for others it can happen well into their 60s.

The usual length of the menstrual cycle ranges from 21 to 28 days. If the cycle is longer, it is considered a delay. Why does it occur? Let's try to figure it out.

Every girl should know how to correctly calculate the duration of her cycle. But for some reason many people do not know how to do this and calculate the cycle with last day menstruation before the first. In fact, the calculations are made differently: the duration of the cycle is calculated from the first day of menstruation to the first day of the next menstruation. And if there is a delay in menstruation, it is important to find out why it might be.

In general, the causes of delayed menstruation are divided into natural and pathological.

Delayed menstruation: reasons other than pregnancy

So you missed your period but tested negative? This means pregnancy is excluded. What could have served as a factor for the development of this condition? As already written above: pathological and natural causes.

Physiological, or natural, causes of delay include:

1. Puberty. There is no reason, as such, for delayed periods in adolescents. It’s just that during puberty, delay is an absolutely normal condition and does not require seeing a doctor. It is observed for about 2 years after the first menstruation.
2. Premenopause This condition occurs after 45 years and is evidence of approaching menopause.

To the number pathological reasons Delays in menstruation include the following:

1. Diseases from the field of gynecology, as well as pathology of the endocrine system. For example, PCOS, adnexitis, fibroids, endometritis, cervical cancer, impaired thyroid function, diabetes, renal dysfunction, poorly placed IUD, sunburn, defects in the ovary, etc.
2. Abortion. Artificial termination of pregnancy is a factor due to which hormonal disbalance. If a large amount of uterine tissue was removed during curettage, it needs to recover. Therefore, in this case there may be a delay of about three weeks.
3. Cancellation of hormonal drugs. After it, ovarian hyperinhibition is usually observed, as a result of which there is no menstruation for 2-4 months.
4. Reception medicines. In particular, antidepressants, diuretics and cytostatic drugs, antibiotics.
5. Obesity or, conversely, excessive thinness. Both conditions can lead to a long delay.
6. Significant physical activity. They deplete the girl’s body, so it begins to produce hormones that delay menstruation.
7. Stressful situations, acclimatization, change of environment. Any stressful situation can negatively affect the body. It disrupts the production of hormones that are responsible for reproductive function, and because of this, menstruation stops.
8. Chronic alcoholism or drug addiction, diseases that destroy the immune system and lead to hormonal imbalance.

Delayed menstruation reasons after childbirth

After the birth of a child, a delay in menstruation is quite reasonable. Usually, immediately after giving birth, the mother begins to breastfeed the baby, and during this period, the production of prolactin, a hormone due to which ovulation stops, occurs. After the end of feeding, menstruation is completely restored within 1-2 months.

Constant delays of monthly reasons

Why can this happen to a girl? constant delay menstruation? It usually occurs due to taking hormonal drugs that increase the length of the cycle. The drugs block ovulation and prevent fertilization from occurring. After taking the last pill, literally the next day, menstruation should begin. If it does not start within two days, the drug needs to be changed.

Regular delays can also occur due to polycystic ovary syndrome, which interferes with normal hormone production.

That is, the answer to the question of why a girl has a delay in her period every month can be answered unequivocally: because pathological processes in organism. You should consult a doctor.

Reasons for a week's delay in menstruation

A slight delay in menstruation, about 5-7 days, is normal. Therefore, it is not always necessary to look for reasons for a delay in menstruation by a week, especially if it happened once. Such a delay can occur due to stress, excessive exercise, diet or acclimatization. Of course, if you have a large delay in menstruation, or it occurs regularly, you need to find the causes of this condition. Just for this, be sure to consult a doctor. He will prescribe an examination and help identify pathology, if any. Thanks to a timely visit to a doctor, the cause of the delay can be treated effectively and quickly.