What helps children with a runny nose? An effective remedy for a runny nose - rating of children's drops for children. A good cure for a runny nose for children.

A runny nose is a symptom that indicates that the nasal mucosa is trying to get rid of a microbe, an allergen, foreign body or dust, washing them out of the nasal cavity. Nasal congestion indicates swelling of the same membrane.

In both of these cases, help is needed in the form local remedy– drops or sprays. The main requirement for these products, be it a nasal spray or drops, is that it should help the nasal mucosa in solving the problem, and not just eliminate congestion or snot discharge.

Below we present groups of drugs that are used for nasal congestion and runny nose, indications for use, duration of action and prices. No one can say what type of medication is needed better than an ENT doctor, who will do this based on the results of the examination.

Important Rules

For a cold remedy to really help, follow these rules:

1. Use drops for children under 6 years of age, and spray for adults. This is due to the fact that in children the auditory tube, that is, the communication between the pharynx and the ear, is short. If you spray a spray into your baby’s nose, it, as well as particles of microbes from the nasopharynx, will most likely get into the baby’s nose. inner ear. There they are likely to cause otitis - allergic or infectious.
2. Using drops, lie down (lay the child down), drop 1-2 drops of the drug into the right nostril and turn your head to the right, tilting it up a little. Dripping into the left nostril, turn your head to the left and up. In this case, you need to lie down on each side for 7-10 minutes so that the product can get not only onto the nasal mucosa, but also into the area where the nose and sinuses connect. This rule is especially important for vasoconstrictor drops: by performing the instillation correctly, you will quickly facilitate nasal breathing, and also prevent sinusitis (swelling in the area of ​​​​the junction of the sinus and nose will subside - the contents of the sinus will not stagnate, but will come out).
3. When using the spray, on the contrary, the head should be vertical and tilted in the direction opposite to the nostril. This way the drug will remain in the nose and not move into the auditory tube.
4. Before using medicinal sprays for a runny nose, rinse your nose with saline solutions. This can be done using ready-made drops and sprays, which we will discuss below, or solutions that require preparation (Dolphin, Aqua-Maris powders with a nasal rinsing system). You can also rinse your nose with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution purchased at a pharmacy in a 200 or 400 ml bottle, as well as with a composition you prepare yourself (take 1 teaspoon of salt per 200 ml of boiled warm water).

Types of drops for runny nose

What nasal drops can be used for a runny nose? There are the following groups of drugs:

1. Preparations based on saline solutions.
2. Vasoconstrictor drops and sprays.
3. Hormonal sprays.
4. Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge.
5. Drops and sprays with antibiotics or antiseptics (including silver-based).
6. Antiviral local drugs.
7. Combined preparations, including emollients, which contain essential oils.
8. Drops that will thicken copious liquid snot.
9. Homeopathic medicines.
10. Drops and sprays with an immunomodulatory effect.
11. Nasal drops for allergic rhinitis.

Preparations based on saline solutions

Medicines based on ocean, sea water or similar solutions prepared in a pharmacy contain many trace elements, organic compounds, minerals. They are indicated for a runny nose of any origin (allergic, viral, bacterial, fungal), any type of sinusitis (sinusitis,), inflammation of the adenoids. Their action is aimed at:

• washing away germs from the nasal cavity;
• thinning thick mucus;
• leaching of substances released during inflammation and maintaining their levels;
• acceleration of mucosal healing;
• increased vascular tone of the nasal mucosa;
• destruction of microbes (if the water contains iodine).

Depending on the concentration of sodium chloride in solutions, several types of saline solutions are distinguished:

Hypotonic solutions The hypotonic solution is available only in the form of one drug - Aquamaster, where sodium chloride is 0.65%. The concentration of NaCl is lower than in the blood (less than 0.9%), so the solution is absorbed by the nasal mucosa, thins viscous mucus, and softens dry crusts in the nose. Price – 190-210 rubles.

Isotonic solutions They exist in the form of a large number of drugs, the prices of which vary. This: Aqua Maris. Price 220-290 rub. Humer 150 costs 580-700 rubles. Physiometer. Price 320-400 rub. Aqualor. Price 250-300 rub. Marimer. The price of drops is 240 rubles, spray – about 400 rubles. Otrivin Sea. Price 350-500 rubles (depending on the volume of the bottle). Morenasal. The price of chamomile spray is 280 rubles, Imuno spray is 500 rubles. Dolphin. Price 300-430 rub. These drugs can be used by a newborn with a runny nose, pregnant or lactating women.

Hypertonic saline solutions Their task is to “pull out” excess fluid from the swollen nasal mucosa, reduce swelling, as well as thin out thick snot and “take away” the contents of the inflamed paranasal sinuses. The drugs may cause discomfort when instilled (“tourniquet”, “bake”), but are very effective. Use no more than 3 days. Contraindicated for infants under 3 months, but pregnant and lactating women can use them.

Vasoconstrictor drugs

These drops and sprays are used for both allergic rhinitis and colds. They constrict the vessels of the nasopharynx, as a result of which the swelling disappears and nasal breathing resumes. For infectious rhinitis, their use is justified: when removing swelling from the nasopharynx, in tympanic cavity Low pressure will not be created, so inflammatory and germ-filled fluid will not diffuse into the structures of the middle ear.

Decongestants (as vasoconstrictor drugs for the nose are called) are useful both for the prevention and treatment of sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis). In this case, they relieve swelling from the anastomosis (communication) between the nasal cavity and sinus, as a result, the contents of the sinus do not stagnate, posing a danger in terms of the development of complications, but come out into the nose.

Decongestants allow a person to breathe easier through the nose, especially during meals, to hear better (even in the presence of otitis media), and normalize sleep and voice. At the same time, they inhibit the movement of cell processes (cilia) that form the nasal mucosa. When used for more than 5 days, the eyelashes are completely “paralyzed” (this temporary effect), so you shouldn’t use these drops for longer. You can save your eyelashes a little by using decongestants together with saline solution (Rinomaris, Rinotaiss).

Decongestants “work” through adrenaline receptors located on the vascular cells of the nasal mucosa. They give a “command” similar to that given by adrenaline - to constrict the blood vessels. Blood stops filling the vessels - swelling subsides for a while, and the production of nasal mucus decreases. This feature is also used to stop nosebleeds.

Adrenaline receptors are found not only on the vessels of the nasal cavity - they are present on many cells, including the cells of the heart, bronchi, prostate gland, Bladder and pregnant uterus. Possible side effects associated with an overdose of any drug are: increased blood pressure, significant decrease in heart rate, loss of consciousness, drop in temperature. Due to their ability to contract the uterus, decongestants are not used during pregnancy.

Decongestants also have this feature: if the active substance constantly circulates in the blood, the receptors stop responding to it, and to achieve an effect the dose will have to be increased, which will inevitably lead to the development of undesirable symptoms. Therefore, vasoconstrictor drops are not used for longer than 5, or at most 7 days. If it is necessary to maintain the effect, the ENT doctor may prescribe a drug with another main active ingredient.

Drops for runny nose and nasal congestion are divided depending on their active ingredient. Some basic products last only 3-4 hours, while others last 8-10, or even 12 hours. Unless otherwise prescribed, short-acting medications are best used during the day, while long-acting drops and sprays are left overnight.

Nazol Baby, Nazol Kids (active ingredient – ​​phenylephrine) These are Nazol Baby, used for children 2 months-2 years old, and Nazol Kids, used for children from 2 years old. This is the best cold spray for children. Effect: after 3-5 minutes, duration – up to 6 hours. Prohibited: Use for longer than 3 days. Pregnant, lactating: it is forbidden. Contraindications: allergies, severe forms of hypertension, atherosclerosis, rhythm disturbances accompanied by tachycardia, renal failure, thyrotoxicosis, decompensation of heart failure, hepatitis, cardiac conduction disorders, prostatic hyperplasia. Application: Nazol-Baby: from 2 months to a year – 1 drop 3 times a day, 1-2 years – 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day, 2-6 years – 2-3 drops up to 4 times a day . Nazol-Kids: children 2-6 years old - 1-2 doses, 6-12 years old - 2-3 doses no more often than every 4 hours. Price: Nazol-Baby 180-230 RUR, Nazol-Kids 130-220 RUR.

Naphthyzin, Sanorin (active ingredient – ​​naphazoline) Naphthyzin 0.05% and 0.1%, Sanorin, Sanorin-analergin (the latter is naphazoline and antazoline). Effect: Lasts up to 4 hours. Prohibited: apply longer than 3 days. Pregnant, lactating: it is forbidden. Contraindications: children under 1 year of age, hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthyroidism, atherosclerosis, hypersensitivity. Application: Adults – 2-3 drops of a 0.1% solution 2-3 times a day, children from 1 year – 1-2 drops of a 0.05% solution 2-3 times a day. Price: Naphthyzin – 20-60 rubles, Sanorin – 120-270 rubles.

Xylometazoline-Solopharm, Xylene, Galazolin, Rinonorm, Rinostop, Dlynos, Ximelin, Tizin-Xylo, Otrivin, Snoop (active ingredient - xylometazoline) Effect: Occurs within 3-5 minutes, lasts up to 5 hours, but vasospasm persists up to 8-12 hours. Prohibited: used for longer than 7 days. Pregnant and breastfeeding: it is forbidden. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, angle-closure glaucoma, after brain surgery. Application: children from 4 months to 2 years – 1 drop of 0.05% solution every 8-12 hours; children 2-12 years old - 2-3 drops of 0.05% solution every 8-10 hours; children over 12 years old and adults drops and sprays 0.1% - 2-3 drops every 8-10 hours. Price: Xylometazoline-Solopharm - 15 rubles, Xylene 30 rubles, Galazolin 35 rubles, Rinostop 35 rubles, Sanorin-Xylo 80 rubles, Rinonorm 70 rubles, Dlyanos - 95 rubles.

Rinomaris, Rinotaiss (sea water + Xylometazoline) These are combination drugs. Their main active ingredient is the decongestant Xylometazoline, but it was mixed with purified sea ​​water. Manufacturers claim that when using this drug, the eyelashes are not paralyzed, and the self-cleaning processes of the nose are not stopped. Price: Rinomaris 110-135 rubles, Rinotaiss 220 rubles.

Sialor Rino, Nazivin, Noxprey, Nazol, Afrin, Nesopin, Vicks Actv (active ingredient – ​​oxymetazoline) Effect: in 1-2 minutes, duration – up to 10 hours. Prohibited: use for more than 10 days. Pregnant, lactating: it is forbidden. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, atrophic rhinitis, angle-closure glaucoma, children under 1 year old should not take 0.025 and 0.05% drugs, and children under 6 years old should not take 0.05% drugs. Application: children from birth to 1 month - 1 drop of 0.01% solution 2-3 times a day; from 1 month to 1 year – 1-2 drops of a 0.01% solution 2-3 times a day; from 1 to 6 years you need 1-2 drops of 0.025%: 2-3 times a day. Price: Sialor Rino 75-160 RUR, Nazivin 140 RUR, Noxprey 180 RUR, Nazol 150 RUR, Afrin 270 RUR, Nesopin 70 RUR,

Tizin (active ingredient – ​​tetrizoline) Effect: after 1-2 minutes, at least 6 hours. Prohibited: more than 5 days. Pregnant and breastfeeding: it is forbidden. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, glaucoma, children under 6 years of age. Relative contraindications (possible if the benefit is higher than the risk): ischemic heart disease, pheochromocytoma, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart and vascular disease. Application: children 2-6 years old - 2-3 drops, children 6 years and older, as well as adults - 2-4 drops, no more than 4 times a day. Price: 80 RUR

Lazolvan Rino (active ingredient - tramazolin) Action: constriction of blood vessels, as a result of which swelling of the nasal mucosa decreases and nasal breathing resumes. The effect occurs within the first 5 minutes. Duration of action: 8–10 hours. Contraindications: children under 6 years of age, atrophic rhinitis, angle-closure glaucoma, hypersensitivity to tramazolin, benzalkonium or other components of the drug, cranial surgery performed through an incision in the nasal cavity. At arterial hypertension, heart disease, increased function thyroid gland, prostate adenoma, pheochromocytoma, taking antidepressants, drugs to increase or decrease blood pressure - use only after consulting a doctor. Pregnancy and lactation: possible after consultation with a doctor, only from the second trimester of pregnancy. Dosage: children from 6 years of age and adults - 1 injection no more than 4 times a day. Course: no more than 5-7 days. Analogues: no. Price: 270-310 RUR

Please note: children's nasal drops for a runny nose contain 0.025-0.5%; for adults, a concentration of 0.5% (in the case of oxymetazoline), 0.1% (for other active ingredients) is used. For children up to one year, and better yet, up to 6 years old, use only drop forms.

Cheap nasal drops for a runny nose are:

• Xylometazoline-Solopharm;
• Xylene;
• Galazolin;
• Rhinostop;
• Naphthyzin;
• Nesopin.

Hormonal sprays

These drugs based on glucocorticoids - hormones, analogs of which are produced in the human adrenal glands - have pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-allergic activity. They are not “first aid” drugs, starting to act 3-4 hours after instillation. Maximum activity begins within a day.

By removing swelling, drops with glucocorticoids improve nasal breathing, prevent the development of sinusitis or, if it has already developed, reduce its manifestations. Due to the fact that they suppress local immunity, thin the nasal mucosa, and can lead to increased intraocular pressure, this type of drug is prescribed only by an ENT doctor.

Depending on the main active ingredient, there are the following hormonal sprays (they are presented in order of decreasing local activity):

Avamys (active ingredient – ​​fluticasone furoate) Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, children under 2 years of age. Pregnancy and lactation Dosage regimen: children 2-11 years old: 1 spray once a day, maximum 2 sprays, but for a short course; adults and children over 12 years old - 2 sprays once a day, followed by 1 spray in each nostril per day. Price: Avamis 530 RUR

Nazarel, Flixonase (active ingredient – ​​fluticasone propionate) Contraindications: children under 4 years of age, hypersensitivity. With caution - for herpes, nasal infections and non-allergic sinusitis, if necessary, use Ritonavir, Ketoconazole or glucocorticoid drugs. Pregnancy and lactation: Only if the expected benefit outweighs the risk. Dosage regimen: children 4-12 years old – 1 dose 1 time per day, maximum – 2 doses per day; adults and children over 12 years of age - 2 doses 1 time, preferably in the morning; as soon as it improves, switch to 1 dose per day. Price: Nazarel 340 RUR, Flixonase 710 RUR

Momat Rino Advance, Nasonex, Desrinit (active ingredient – ​​mometasone furoate) Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, tuberculosis in active stage, untreated fungal, bacterial, systemic viral infection, herpetic eye infection. Pregnancy and lactation: Only if the expected benefit outweighs the risk. After such treatment, it is necessary to check the child’s adrenal function. Dosage regimen: children 2-11 years old – 1 injection once a day; from 12 years old and adults – 2 injections once a day. Maximum – 2 injections 2 times. Price: Momat Rino Advance 510 RUR, Nasonex 480 RUR, Desrinit 400 RUR

Tafen Nasal, Budoster (active ingredient – ​​budesonide) Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, untreated fungal, bacterial or viral infection respiratory system, children under 6 years of age, active phase of tuberculosis, subatrophic rhinitis. Pregnancy and lactation: It is forbidden Dosage regimen: adults and children over 6 years of age use 2 doses 2 times a day with a transition to 2 doses 1 time a day. Price: Tafen Nasal 360 RUR, Budoster nasal spray 560 RUR

Beconase, Beclomethasone nasal spray, Nasobek nasal spray, Rinoklenil, Alcedin (active ingredient - beclomethasone) Contraindications: hypersensitivity, tuberculosis, candidiasis, severe attacks of bronchial asthma. Pregnancy and lactation: Only if the expected benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus/child. In the first trimester it is strictly contraindicated. Dosage regimen: Adults only. Use either 2 injections 2 times a day, or 1 injection into each nostril 3-4 times a day. The maximum dose is 8 injections. Price: Nasobek 170-200 RUR, Beclomethasone nasal 120-135 RUR

Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge

Rinofluimucil

For both adults and children, with a runny nose accompanied by the release of thick snot (usually this occurs on the 5th day of illness or later), Rinofluimucil is prescribed - a drug containing a mucus “thinner” acetylcysteine ​​and a swelling reliever tuaminoheptane sulfate.
Indications: rhinitis with copious mucopurulent discharge, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, vasomotor rhinitis.
Application:

• adults – 2 doses of aerosol in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day;
• children from 3 years old – 1 dose 3-4 times a day.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, angle-closure glaucoma, increased thyroid function, treatment with antidepressants-MAO inhibitors.
Its price is 230-300 rubles.

Antiseptic drops

If the runny nose is bacterial in nature, that is, from the nose almost from the first day of the disease, yellow snot, The ENT doctor prescribes antiseptic drops. Antiseptics are substances that destroy bacteria and also have the ability to slow down the activity of fungi and viruses. These are not antibiotics, to which bacteria can develop resistance: to the composition antiseptics Microbial enzymes have not learned to adapt.

Such drugs are prescribed only by an ENT doctor. The following antiseptic drops are available:

Okomistin These are eye drops that are suitable for instillation into the nose. The active ingredient is miramistin, which is active even against viruses. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Side effects: Not described Dosing: children over 12 years old and adults – 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day; children under 12 years old – 1-2 drops 3 times a day. Price: 140-200 RUR

Octenisept This solution is used to rinse the nose for purulent rhinitis and sinusitis. Pre-divorced boiled water 1:3 Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Side effects: Not described. Dosing: Rinse the nose 2-3 times a day. Price 50 ml bottle – 470-550 RUR

Protargol (Collargol) It can be manufactured in pharmacies with a prescription department, and is also sold as a set of tablets and a special solvent called Sialor (protargol) 2% - 10 ml spray. The base is silver proteinate. Does not have antiviral activity. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Side effects: Allergic reactions: sneezing, itchy nose. In this case, the nose is washed generously with saline solution. Dosing: for children over 3 years old – 1 drop 2-3 times a day. For children under 2 years of age, Protargol 0.5-1% should be ordered from pharmacies with a prescription department. The nose must be rinsed and thoroughly cleaned before use, otherwise the drops will not have any effect. Price Sialor (protargol): 240-300 rub.

Dioxidine The drug is available in ampoules, which, after opening, can be used undiluted for nasal instillation. There is a form of solution with a dropper nozzle. Can be used for home preparation of “complex” drops (add 1 ml of Mezaton from an ampoule and 1 ml of Prednisolone from an ampoule to 2 ml of Dioxidin). Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Side effects: Allergic reactions. Dosing: 1-2 drops 3 times a day. Price solution with a dropper attachment – ​​230-250 rubles, pack of 10 ampoules – 370-460

Antiviral topical drugs

These are sprays and drops based on interferon-alpha1 - an antiviral substance that is produced by human leukocytes when a virus enters the body - to destroy it.

Grippferon 5000 IU and 10,000 IU Available in the form of a spray and drops for the prevention and treatment of ARVI and influenza in children and adults. Analogs: Leukocyte interferon 1000 IU and 5000 IU, Ingaron 100 thousand IU intranasal, Genferon light 50 thousand IU. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, severe allergic diseases. Dosing: from 0 to 1 year, 1000 IU 5 times a day; 1-3 years – 2000 IU 3 times a day; 3-14 years – 2000 IU 4-5 r/day; adults – 3000 IU 5-6 times a day. Prices: Grippferon 240-340 RUR, Leukocyte Interferon 1000 IU and 5000 IU - about 100 RUR, Ingaron 100 thousand IU intranasal - 290 RUR, Genferon light 50 thousand IU - 360 RUR

Antibiotic drops

They are prescribed for purulent processes localized in the nasal cavity or sinuses.

Isofra Compound: antibiotic framycetin. Contraindications: increased sensitivity to aminoglycosides. Side effects: hives, itchy nose. Dosage: adults – 1 injection 4-6 times a day; children – 1 injection 3 times a day. Price: 260-310 RUR

Polydexa with phenylephrine Compound: antibiotics neomycin sulfate and polymyxin B, anti-inflammatory hormonal agent dexamethasone, vasoconstrictor phenylephrine. Contraindications: age up to 12 years, pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity, herpes localized in the nose, chicken pox, treatment with bromocriptine, guanethidine or MAO inhibitors (antidepressants). Side effects: urticaria, itchy nose. With prolonged use - insomnia, headache, increased blood pressure, tremor, increased heart rate, pallor. Dosage: adults 1 injection 3-4 times/day; children over 12 years old: 1 injection 3 times a day. Price: 300-380 RUR

Sofradex Compound: framycetin (antibiotic) and dexamethasone (hormonal anti-inflammatory drug). Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, herpetic infection nose, fungal or chlamydia infection of the nasal cavity. Safety for pregnant and lactating women has not been established. Side effects: sensation of heat, burning, itching, pain, dermatitis. Dosage: children from 7 years old – 2-3 drops 3 times a day. Price: 300-380 RUR

Combination drugs

Drops and sprays of this type contain a vasoconstrictor in combination with either an antihistamine, a glucocorticoid, or an antibacterial drug.

Vibrocil Compound: vasoconstrictor drug phenylephrine and antihistamine dimethindene. Available in the form of a spray, drops and nasal gel. Contraindications: atrophic rhinitis, patients taking MAO inhibitors, pregnancy, lactation. Side effects: There may be short-term mild reactions such as a burning sensation or dryness in the nose. Dosage: drops: children from 1 to 6 years old – 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day; children over 6 years old and adults – 3-4 drops 3-4 times a day; spray - for children from 6 years of age and adults - 1 injection 3 times a day. Price: drops 230-270 RUR, spray – 300 RUR

Adrianol Compound: 2 vasoconstrictor drugs - phenylephrine and trimazolin. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, hyperthyroidism, ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, pheochromocytoma, glaucoma, pregnancy and lactation, severe liver and kidney damage. Side effects: burning, itching, soreness, dry nose, arrhythmia, panic attacks, general weakness, trembling. Dosage: drops for adults are used for children from 6 years old - 1-3 drops 4 times a day; drops for children are used for children under 6 years old - 1-3 drops 3 times a day Price: 120-140 RUR

Sanorin-analergin Compound: antihistamine naphazoline and vasoconstrictor antazoline. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, age under 2 years, arterial hypertension, hyperthyroidism. Side effects: rash, irritability, headache, nausea. Dosage: children over 2 years old – 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day; adults – 2-3 drops – 3-4 times a day Price: 200-270 RUR

Pinosol Compound: antimicrobial essential oils: Scots pine, peppermint, eucalyptus; Vitamin E is an antioxidant that enhances the effects of these oils and accelerates tissue epithelization. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, allergic rhinitis, age up to 1 year. Side effects: Allergic reactions may rarely develop, manifested in sensations of itching, burning, difficulty in nasal breathing. Dosage: For children 1-2 years old, do not bury the nose, but apply a drop of the drug to a cotton swab, which is passed along the inner surface of the nose; children over 2 years old – 1-2 drops 3-4 times a day; adults - 2-3 drops at first every hour, less often when the effect occurs. Maintenance dose – 3-4 times a day Price: drops – 160 RUR, spray – 250 RUR

Kameton Compound: camphor, menthol, eucalyptus oil. Contraindications: children under 5 years of age, hypersensitivity. Side effects: sensations of dryness or burning. Dosage: for adults and children over 5 years old, spray the product while inhaling, do 2-3 sprays 3-4 times a day. The course is no more than 2 weeks. Price: spray 40-60 RUR

The last 2 drugs also belong to the group of softening drops (thanks to the essential oils in the composition). They are prescribed for prevention and complex treatment otitis, which arose as a complication of ARVI.

Drops that will thicken copious runny snot

If the snot remains profuse and liquid, despite the etiotropic (that is, aimed at treating the cause) therapy, the doctor may prescribe drops with tannin, an astringent substance. plant origin. Such drugs are prepared in the prescription departments of pharmacies according to prescriptions prescribed by a doctor. The doctor selects the composition of the drops depending on the individual situation.

Homeopathic medicines

Euphorbium compositum This is a nasal spray that has decongestant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects. These are good nasal drops that should also be prescribed by a doctor. Indications: viral, bacterial, allergic rhinitis various types. Acute or chronic rhinitis. Contraindications: hypersensitivity. Side effect: not known. Dosage: infants and up to 6 years old - 1 injection 3-4 times a day; children over 6 years old and adults – 1-2 injections 3-5 times a day. Price: 500-640 RUR

Edas-131 Rinitol Used to treat acute rhinitis. Contraindications: age under 18 years, hypersensitivity. Side effects: not described. Dosage: 3 drops 3 times a day, unless otherwise prescribed. Price: 100-120 RUR

Anti-inflammatory, local irritant

Drops and sprays with immunomodulatory effect

Derinat Made on the basis of deoxyribonucleic acid salt. Contraindications: hypersensitivity. Side effects: itching and burning in the nose. Dosage: 2 drops 2-4 times a day, course – 1 month. Price: 300 RUR

IRS-19 The basis of this drug is particles of bacteria. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, autoimmune diseases, pregnancy, children from 3 months. Side effects: urticaria, cough, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, asthma attacks. Dosage: 1 injection 2 times a day. Price: 450-500 RUR

Antihistamine drops

They are used for rhinitis with a pronounced allergic component.

Cromohexal, Lecrolin (active ingredient – ​​cromoglycic acid) Contraindications: age up to 4 years, allergies, pregnancy, lactation Side effects: increased runny nose, burning, dry nose. Dosage: 1-2 drops 4 times a day Price: Cromohexal 90 RUR, Lecrolin 90 RUR

Tizin Allergy (active ingredient – ​​levocabastine) Contraindications: age up to 6 years, allergies, pregnancy, renal dysfunction, lactation. Side effects: dry nose, dizziness, headache, cough, urticaria, malaise. Dosage: 2 sprays 2 times a day. Price: 360 RUR

Allergodil spray (active ingredient – ​​Azelastine hydrochloride) Contraindications: age up to 6 years, allergies. Side effects: burning in the nose, sneezing, nosebleeds. Dosage: 1 spray 2 times a day, maximum 2 sprays 2 times a day. Price: 550 RUR

What to use for children

A pediatrician or pediatric ENT doctor will write a list of nasal drops for a runny nose for your child, based on an examination and his own experience in this regard. Typically it includes:

1. Rinsing with saline solutions, mainly not hypertonic, but isotonic: Aqua-Maris, Humer 150 worth, Physiomer, Aqualor, Marimer or others.
2. Vasoconstrictors: Nazol-Baby, Nazol-Kids, Nazivin of appropriate concentration.
3. If the allergic component is strong, after 2-3 days the drugs of the previous group are changed to combined agents(Vibrocil, Pinosol).
4. In case of severe swelling, Avamis or other hormonal sprays are added in a short course.
5. Bacterial rhinitis is treated with antiseptic (Ocomistin, Protargol) and antibacterial (Isofra, Polydexa) agents.
6. So that a viral infection does not “decimate” the child, from the first day viral runny nose Grippferon or other interferon drugs are used.
7. Euphorbium compositum and other homeopathic drops also help well from the first day of illness.
8. If a child is often sick, it makes sense to use IRS-19 or Derinat. But they must be prescribed by a doctor.

Drops are one of the preferred methods of treating rhinitis for children early age, including infants. The lack of adequate therapy quickly leads to an increase in the symptoms of rhinitis, leading to complications in the bronchi and lungs. In young children, physiological and pathological runny nose is distinguished. If in the first case no special therapy is required, just aspiration of the nasal passages from excess mucus is enough, then in the second case it is important to prescribe the correct treatment.

A runny nose in infants and children under 4 years of age is accompanied by severe anxiety, sleep disturbances, and changes in the psycho-emotional background. It is quite difficult for infants to compensate for the lack of nasal breathing with their mouths, so they experience respiratory failure especially quickly. This condition is dangerous during night sleep. If you have signs of rhinitis and nasal congestion, it is recommended to consult a doctor for diagnosis and determination of treatment tactics.

Which drops to choose?

First of all, you should evaluate the nature of the symptoms and the general well-being of the child. Determining the characteristics of the disease is an important criterion in prescribing further treatment. There are several types of runny nose in a child:

Acute rhinitis. The disease begins with drying of the nasal mucosa, frequent sneezing, and a burning sensation. The first symptoms include nasal congestion with copious discharge, headache, severe malaise, increased body temperature (usually up to 37.5 C°), inflammation of the epithelial layer of the nasal mucosa, which indicates both acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections or the influenza nature of the disease.

Allergic rhinitis. A runny nose begins immediately after contact with an allergen (animal hair, dust, food and drink, cosmetics and household chemicals), and is not accompanied by malaise. Allergic runny nose provokes inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye, lacrimation, copious department clear liquid mucus from the nasal passages. Allergies rarely occur in children under 1.5 years of age in the form of rhinitis; usually the body's reactions relate to dermatological manifestations.

Atrophic rhinitis. The disease is accompanied by headache, decreased olfactory function, swelling of the nasal mucosa and the formation of crusts. The main cause of the pathology is the prolonged course of vasomotor or allergic rhinitis. Usually develops in children over 3 years of age.

If a baby’s runny nose develops against the background of a serious viral infection, then the main symptoms are heat, headache, general malaise. The nasal discharge is thick, often mixed with greenish pus, which indicates the addition of bacterial microflora.

Prescribing nasal drops to a child on your own is unacceptable. Not every doctor is able to make a final diagnosis based on a physical examination and parental complaints. To determine the nature of rhinitis, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics may be required. Almost all drugs have side effects and can provoke drug addiction and degenerative changes in mucous tissues, along with chronicity of the pathological process.

In addition, inadequate use of vasoconstrictor drops can lead to spasms and acute respiratory failure in children under 3 years of age. Swelling may spread to the lower respiratory tract. Drugs should be selected not only based on general symptoms, but also on the age of the patient, the type of course of the disease, the presence of other diseases of organs or systems.

Video from Dr. Komarovsky:

Classification

Drops for the common cold differ not only in their pharmacological effects, but also in their constituent components. Basis medicinal compositions may act:

aqueous emulsion (liquid, transparent drops that are quickly absorbed into the mucous epithelium);

oils and esters (oily dense liquids with long-term healing effects);

colloidal substances ( aqueous solutions with astringent properties with prolonged action).

Water-based or colloid-based nasal drops are ideal for infants

Oil drops are recommended for children over 3 years of age. Oil drops can stagnate and impair the patency of the nasal passages in infants due to the anatomical features of the structure of the nasal sections of infants.

Another broad classification is the division of nasal remedies for runny nose in children into groups pharmacological action. Rhinorrhea (excessive mucus production) in children is treated with local medications, namely nasal drops. They are available in the form of drops or sprays for irrigation of the nasal passages. For young children, it is recommended to use nasal drops, since the medicine is supplied under pressure and some of it can penetrate into the ear, causing inflammation.

Decongestants

Vasoconstrictor decongestants have a rapid effect on the inflamed mucous tissues of the nose. The drugs contain adrenoreceptor stimulants, which stimulate vascular lumens to narrow and expand. Reducing blood supply reduces swelling and makes breathing easier. The use of funds is unacceptable for more than 5 days for several reasons:

drugs only temporarily relieve the symptoms of a runny nose;

decongestants lead to drug addiction;

inadequate therapy in children leads to drug-induced runny nose in 80% of cases;

An overdose causes headaches, dehydration of mucous membranes, and nosebleeds.

Considering the lack of therapeutic effect, preference should be given to the drug for moisturizing and relieving inflammation in the nasal passages. If it is impossible to do without decongestants in children under 3 years of age, then treatment should be started with minimal doses.

A subgroup of vasoconstrictor drugs are combination drugs, for example, Polydexa, Isofra. The combined drugs have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, mild vasoconstrictor and anti-edematous effects. In acute or aggravated rhinitis, mixed drugs and all vasoconstrictor drugs will not bring the expected benefit.

Effective products from this line of drugs are considered Otrivin, Nazol, Nazivin, Xymelin, Adrianol, Sanorin, Vibrocil, Naphthyzin, Polydexa, Isofra, Tizin.

Preparations for moisturizing mucous membranes

Drops for runny nose for infants with a moisturizing effect are the best remedy for getting rid of rhinorrhea in babies up to one year old. Moisturizing the nose allows you to thin the mucus, ensure its immediate evacuation, and cleanse the cavities of dried crusts. Classic moisturizers contain food grade or sea ​​salt, minerals and beneficial trace elements (magnesium, selenium, calcium, sodium). To reduce the viscosity of the mucous secretion, it is enough to drop 2-3 drops into each nostril.

To rinse and moisten the nose in infants, it is better to use isotonic solutions (sodium chloride in the composition of such products is no more than 0.8%, so the drugs do not contribute to dehydration) or hypertonic solutions with the highest concentration of the salt component. For infants, it is safer to use isotonic agents. The main assets include Aquamaris, Dolphin, Otrivin, Humer, Physiomer, Marimer, Doctor Theis, Salin, No-sol.

Homeopathic medicines

Rhinorrhea in children of any age requires effective but gentle treatment. These remedies include a group of homeopathic remedies, which include plant components, esters, and extracts of medicinal herbs. High-quality nasal drops from this group have the following effects:

relief of the inflammatory focus;

stimulation of local and general immunity;

activation of regenerative processes in mucous structures;

increased tone of blood vessels.

Homeopathic medicines should be instilled in whole courses over several weeks. The main components accumulate in the mucous epithelium, which determines the prolonged effect of use. You need to bury your nose 2-3 times a day. Popular drops are Euphorbium Compositum, Rinitol Edas, Aflubin-Naze, Delufen.

Drops for viral runny nose

Antiviral nasal drops are used for influenza conditions, viral nasopharyngitis, acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections, as well as during treatment bacterial infection upper respiratory tract. Almost all drops contain a special component - leukocyte interferon, which inhibits the further development of pathogenic virions in the nasal mucosa and their penetration into the depths epithelial tissue. When used, it is easy to prevent the subsequent development of viral microflora in the respiratory system.

Medicinal drops based on interferon do not have negative influence on children's body, they can be used to treat runny nose in children from birth.

Effective agents are Interferon, Derinat, Ergoferon, Nazoferon, Grippferon, Laferon.

Corticosteroid drugs

Hormonal drugs are effective for vasomotor or acute allergic rhinitis, as well as for prolonged persistent runny nose. Modern medications do not enter the systemic bloodstream in large quantities, so they do not affect the child’s body in any way. Hormonal drugs affect the characteristics of local immunity and have side effects such as fungal nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, and catarrhal sinusitis.

Synthetic hormonal components have wound-healing, antiallergic, anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effects. Indications for the use of hormones should only be based on compelling reasons from a doctor based on multiple diagnostic criteria. Exceeding the dosage contributes to the thinning of the mucous membranes, disruption of the body's immune forces, and the development of glaucoma. Popular hormone-based products are Fliconase, Nasonex, Avamis, Xylometazoline, Tizin, Faryal.

Drops with antihistamine effect

Antihistamines are not only used for allergic rhinitis. They can become part antibacterial therapy due to its pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Antihistamine sprays are used for children over 6 years of age, but if prescribed, you can simply pour drops of liquid into another container and instill them into the nasal passages with a regular pipette.

Antihistamine drops quickly reduce swelling, restore normal nasal breathing, and reduce the volume of discharge from the nasal passages. Effective drugs are Fenistil, Allergodil, Sanorin Analergin, Vibrocil.

Local antibiotics

Antibacterial therapy is required when treating runny nose in children from the neonatal period. This is due rapid spread bacterial infection in other parts of the respiratory tract, causing the development of bronchitis or pneumonia, sinusitis, sinusitis and inflammation facial nerve. Despite the need for use, antibiotics have a wide range of contraindications and side effects.

When using antibiotics, it is necessary to take into account the severity of a runny nose in a child, as well as the risks of complications. Among the popular products for children of various ages are Polydexa, Isofra.

Review of 9 popular drops for runny nose

Drugs for the treatment of young children have minimum concentrations active substance due to the unpredictability of the reaction small organism. There are several inexpensive and effective drugs to relieve the symptoms of rhinitis in children aged one year and older.

Vibrocil

Vasoconstrictor drops based on dimethindene and phenylephrine cope perfectly with the first symptoms of rhinitis. The content of lavender oil explains the specific taste and smell of the medicine. Indications for use include acute otitis media and rhinorrhea of ​​any origin. Drops are instilled into the nasal passages several times a day. For children under one year old, 1 drop in each nostril several times a day is acceptable. Contraindications are prolonged course of rhinitis, sinusitis, individual intolerance to any component of the product.

Otrivin Baby

The drops are an isotonic solution (in other words, saline solution based on sodium chloride). Otrivin perfectly cleanses the nasal passages, moisturizes the nasal mucous membranes, and promotes the rapid evacuation of mucus from the nasal passages. Drops are used as daily hygiene nose in newborns and older children before aspiration procedures. Indications for use are treatment and prevention of rhinitis, as well as cleansing procedures.

Before aspiration, a few drops of solution are instilled into the child’s nasal passages, after which the mucus is removed. The duration of use of the drug is not limited, as it does not cause side effects, contraindications.

Nazol Baby

A vasoconstrictor based on the drug phenylephrine. Nazol facilitates nasal breathing and reduces swelling of the mucous membrane. The main indications are allergic reactions with runny nose, colds, ARVI symptoms or influenza conditions. For infants, 1 drop in each nostril 3-4 times a day is enough. For older children, instill 2 drops every 6 hours.

The duration of treatment should not exceed more than 3 days due to the risks of side effects and drug withdrawal syndrome. Be sure to comply with the permissible dosage. The drug is absolutely contraindicated in case of a complicated cardiac history, diabetes mellitus, allergies to various components. Side effects may include sleep disturbance, itching and burning in the nose, and headaches.

Aquamaris

Aquamaris is used for acute or chronic runny nose, adenoiditis, allergic reactions. The drug is effective in the prevention of upper respiratory tract diseases, especially against the background of high epidemiological risks. Moisturizing the nasal passages is necessary to prevent the formation of crusts and degenerative changes in the mucous membranes of the nose. The product is safe for young children and does not cause side effects or allergies.

Protargol and Collargol

Medicinal drops based on silver quickly relieve inflammation, reduce swelling of the mucous membranes, and have a pronounced antiseptic effect. Protargol is effective for hypertrophic rhinitis, as well as for chronic runny nose. The solution is prepared in special pharmacies in accordance with age characteristics body. There is a 2% solution of Protargol and a "% solution of Collargol" on sale.

While taking nasal drops, thickening and rapid removal of mucus and a decrease in its volume are noted. The drops are instilled with a pipette. An analogue of the drug is pharmaceutical product Sialor. The constituent components are included in one tablet, which should be diluted with saline solution. The validity period of Sialor and Protargol is limited to 1 month from the date of manufacture.

Nazivin

The nasal drug Nazivin is available for children of different ages and has different concentrations of the main substance. The drug has a calming and protective effect on the inflamed mucous epithelium, improves nasal breathing, and relieves pain when sinusitis begins. During treatment, inflammation, itching, severe swelling. The main indications for the use of the drug are acute rhinitis or exacerbations in its chronic forms, allergic, seasonal runny nose. The product is not used as a prophylaxis for runny nose.

To treat runny nose in young children, special forms of Nazivin Baby drops are used. It is not recommended to use the drug for more than 7 days due to the risk of drug withdrawal.

Xymelin

It is produced in the form of a spray, which is prescribed as a vasoconstrictor with a quick effect: constriction of blood vessels, elimination of swelling on the mucous membranes during rhinitis. Suitable for treatment cold runny nose infectious or bacterial nature. By constricting blood vessels, the spray quickly eliminates inflammation and normalizes the full recovery process. Xymelin does not irritate the mucous membranes, and the main components begin to act after an hour. The duration of the therapeutic effect lasts up to 12 hours. Xymelin spray is available from pharmacy chains in two dosages:

concentration of the active substance is 0.1% for children over 6 years of age.

The composition of the drug protects against negative impact external factors. The duration of treatment usually does not exceed 5-7 days. At serious illnesses kidney Side effects are possible only after exceeding the permissible dosage: headache, irritation and dryness in the nasal passages, tachycardia, general weakness, nausea.

Tizin

Effective Tizin drops are a universal drug in the treatment of young children. Positive dynamics are observed just a few days after the start of treatment. The product facilitates nasal breathing, stimulates natural regenerative processes in the mucous structures of the nasal passages.

Tizin drops have a pronounced vasoconstrictor and anti-edematous effect. At the same time, the volume of mucus secreted decreases, and the symptoms of a runny nose disappear. The drug begins its therapeutic effect immediately after instillation, and the effect lasts up to 6-8 hours.

Nasal drops are effective for sinusitis, sinusitis, and pharyngitis. For an uncomplicated runny nose, 1 drop in each nostril 3-4 times a day is sufficient. In severe cases of the disease, Tizin is used in complex therapy. Drops are contraindicated when inflammatory diseases heart (myocarditis, carditis), arterial hypertension (including secondary forms), diabetes mellitus.

Be aware of potential harm traditional methods treatment of runny nose. For example, instilling warm water into the nasal passages breast milk, freshly squeezed juices can cause a serious allergic reaction. Warm milk is a medium for the development of bacterial microflora. Warming up the nasal passages is unacceptable. To achieve some therapeutic results, you can use chamomile decoction as a lung wash.

Cold drops are a quick and effective remedy for the first signs of a cold in children of all ages. The minimum content of active components reduces the likelihood of developing allergies, reduces the risks of allergic reactions and negative consequences for the child’s body. Timely correction of runny nose and correct composition therapeutic tactics practically does not cause complications on other organs or body systems of small patients.

Ekaterina Morozova

Reading time: 9 minutes

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Young children have a runny nose quite often. A stuffy nose prevents the baby from breathing normally and the baby from eating normally. The child becomes capricious, restless, may sleep poorly, lose weight, and sometimes experience an increase in temperature. And, of course, parents really want to help their child. But in pharmacies there are now a very large number of different medications for the common cold for young children, and it is very difficult to figure out which of them is good. So let's try to do this together.

Runny nose and stages of its development

Runny nose, or speaking medical language Rhinitis is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Most often, this disease is not independent, but is a symptom of some other disease, such as influenza, measles, adenovirus infection and other ARVI diseases. Most often, a runny nose develops within 7-10 days or more, it all depends on the disease that provoked it. The drug is available in the form of nasal drops and spray. The use of the spray is not recommended for children under one year of age. As a way out, you can use .

Rhinitis has three stages of development:

• Reflex– develops very quickly, passes within a few hours. The blood vessels narrow, the nasal mucosa becomes sharply pale. During this period, there is burning and dryness in the nasal cavity, frequent sneezing;
• Catarrhal– vasodilation occurs, the mucous membrane becomes redder and swells turbinate. This stage lasts 2-3 days. During this period, there is difficulty breathing, copious transparent watery discharge, lacrimation, stuffy ears, decreased sense of smell;
• The third stage begins if it joins bacterial inflammation. During this period there is an improvement general condition: the sense of smell improves, breathing is restored. The nasal discharge becomes thicker and has a greenish or yellowish color.

Medicines for children under 5 years of age

Aqua Maris

192 rubles, spray - 176 rubles

This drug is produced using water from the Adriatic Sea. It contains unique microelements (sodium, magnesium, calcium ions, etc.), which contribute to effective treatment runny nose and colds.

Main testimony for the use of this drug are:

For treatment, Aqua Maris is instilled into adults and children 2-5 times a day, 2 drops into each nasal passage. Duration of treatment this drug from 2 to 3 weeks, it all depends on the severity of the disease.

For prevention the drug must be instilled 1-2 drops 1-2 times a day.

Aqua Maris can be used from the first day of life. For newborns, it is used for hygienic purposes to moisturize nasal cavity. The drug has no side effects, except for individual intolerance to some components.

Parents' reviews:

Mila:

Oh, what a wonderful remedy... Drops are ideal for babies, and you can drop as much as you like without harming your health, rather, on the contrary, it improves immunity... it’s the only way to eliminate a runny nose, you don’t have to use anything potentially dangerous.

Valeria:

Aqua Maris nasal spray has helped my family a lot. We move very often, and the child suffers because of this. After all, climate change contributes to the fact that my daughter has a constant runny nose and health problems. Thanks to this nasal spray, my daughter can tolerate sudden climate changes much better. She is not tormented by a stuffy nose, she has difficulty breathing

Aqualor baby

Approximate cost in pharmacies: drops – 118 rubles, spray - 324 rubles

The bottles contain sterile isotonic sea water. The drug prevents the development of nasopharyngeal infection and its spread to the inner ear. Aqualor baby helps improve baby's breathing during feeding. The drug is recommended to be used for daily hygiene purposes.

Medical readings for using the drug Aqualor Baby:

• Comprehensive treatment and prevention of influenza and ARVI;
• Complex treatment and prevention of ENT diseases;
• Acute, allergic and chronic rhinitis;
• Daily nasal hygiene.

This drug can be used from the first days of life. For hygiene and prevention, children and adults need to do 2-4 washes daily. More can be done if necessary.

There are no contraindications for use. A side effect is individual intolerance to the constituent components of the drug.

Parents' reviews:

Olga:

I started using Aqualor when the child was six months old. Now we are a year and a half old, I don’t know a better remedy for a runny nose. Aqualor baby is just drops, not drops, it is sea water for rinsing the nose.

Julia:

Aqualor is the best we've tried for cleaning baby's nose. Before this, it was impossible to rinse well, but then they recommended Aqualor Baby, literally several times - and there seemed to be no sniffles!

Nazol baby

Approximate cost in pharmacies: drops – 129 rubles

Nazol baby is a local vasoconstrictor. The main constituent element is phenylephrine hydrochloride. Auxiliary components benzalkonium chloride 50%, polyethylene glycol, disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (disodium edetate), sodium phosphate disubstituted glycerol, potassium phosphate disubstituted, purified water.

Medical readings for use:

• Flu and other colds;
• Allergic diseases.

This drug must be used intranasally .

Dosage :

Children under one year of age – 1 drop every 6 hours;

Children from 1 to 6 – 1-2 drops every 6 hours;

Adults and children over 6 years old – 3-4 drops every 6 hours.

The drug has side effects : dizziness, headache, sleep disturbance, tremor, high blood pressure, arrhythmia, pallor, sweating.

For children under one year of age, the drug must be used strictly as prescribed by the doctor. Remember, self-medication can harm your child's health!

A runny nose can occur under the influence of a number of factors: from viral and bacterial pathogens to exposure to allergens. Drops for the common cold for children are used as part of complex treatment together with other groups of medications, as well as the organization external conditions, helping to speed up the healing process.

Depending on the composition and indications for use, drops can have a moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, vasoconstrictor, and anti-allergic effect.

Efficiency local drugs lasts up to 12 hours, after which it is required reuse. Medicines with a vasoconstrictor effect are not intended for long-term use and can be addictive.

The advantage of the release form in the form of drops is the absence or minimization of systemic exposure and the rapid elimination of nasal congestion, swelling, itching, and discharge.

If you use the medication in strict accordance with the dosage regimen described by the manufacturer and the attending physician, the active component is not absorbed into the blood and does not have a negative effect on the excretory organs, cardiovascular system, or liver.

Groups of baby drops

Depending on the cause of the symptom, the following children's nasal drops for a runny nose can be used:

• drugs that promote vasoconstrictor effects;
• medications whose active ingredients are hormonal substances;
• drops with antihistamine effect;
• products with antiviral and antibacterial substances (for example, with silver ions);
• combination medications, the action of which is aimed, for example, at providing a vasoconstrictor and antihistamine effect;
• solutions based on sea water that help provide a moisturizing effect on the nasal mucosa.

The selection of a list of suitable medications should be entrusted to a pediatric otolaryngologist or pediatrician after comprehensive survey. It is recommended to refrain from self-medication.

Indications for use

The main indications for the use of nasal drops for local relief of a runny nose are to identify:

• a condition in which the child cannot breathe normally through the nose;
• allergic rhinitis;
• complications in the form of staining of discharge in green color or addition of pus;
• acute respiratory viral infection or influenza;
• complete lack of breathing through the nose;
• hearing complications;
• sinusitis.

Certain groups of drugs are prescribed before surgical or diagnostic procedures.

Moisturizing drops for mucous membranes

Moisturizing solutions based on sea water or saline are used for runny nose of any origin. Such medications help increase vascular tone in the nasal cavity, thin out thick mucus, cleanse the mucous membrane and accelerate its regeneration.

During the treatment of runny nose in children, preference is given to isotonic solutions with 0.9% sodium chloride. May be recommended to use:

• Humera;
• Aqua Marisa;
• Marimera;
• Otrivina More;
• Dolphina;
• Aqualora.

Otrivin Baby is used in the treatment of children from birth.

When rinsing the nose, the child should be in a horizontal position, with his head moved to the side. A few seconds after administering the medicine, it is necessary to sit the child down and remove any remaining medicine from the nasal passages.

Vasoconstrictors

The use of vasoconstrictor drops makes it easier to breathe and improve hearing, normalize sleep, and improve the quality of life.

• Nazivin - depending on the concentration of the active substance, can be used to facilitate nasal breathing in infants up to one year old (0.01%). For patients from one to 6 years of age, a concentration of 0.025% of the active component is recommended. The duration of treatment is no more than 5 days.
• Tizin (0.05%) is used in the treatment of patients from 2 to 6 years of age. The effect develops after a few minutes and lasts for 6 hours.
• Lazolvan Rino – effective drops long-acting cold relief for children over 6 years of age. The drug does not have exact structural analogues on the modern pharmaceutical market. The recommended duration of therapy is no more than 1 week.

Antiviral

Antiviral drops Grippferon are effective for the prevention and treatment of colds, flu and ARVI. The medication is used to treat children under 1 year of age. The action of the active component is also aimed at providing an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect.

The drug may provoke the development of allergic reactions. Drops should not be combined with medications that promote local vasoconstrictor effects.

Antihistamines

In case of a severe allergic reaction, it is advisable to use local drugs with antihistamine effects:

• Cromohexal. Drops for children over 5 years of age. Frequency of use up to 4 times a day. The duration of treatment is no more than 30 days. Cancellation of the use of the medicine must be carried out gradually, over 7 days. After a good therapeutic result has been achieved, the medication is used only in contact with an irritant substance ( house dust, plant pollen, etc.)

• Tizin Alergy is indicated for children over 6 years of age for the symptomatic treatment of seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis. Drops are used twice a day, the course of treatment is determined by the doctor individually for each patient.

Hormonal

Hormonal drugs help provide a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and can be used to eliminate allergic rhinitis.

These are fast-acting and effective drops for the common cold, which not only help improve breathing, but also prevent the development of sinusitis.

The list includes:

• Flixonase is a drug for the treatment of children over 4 years of age. A single use of the medicine is recommended every 24 hours.
• Nasonex is a one-component nasal drops based on mometasone, a synthetic corticosteroid for local use. During treatment allergic rhinitis approved for use in patients over 2 years of age. Simultaneous use of the product with systemic antihistamines(for example, loratadine).
• Avamis - the drug can be used from 2 years. To achieve the best therapeutic effect, the medicine must be used regularly. After the first use, the effect develops over 8 hours.

Hormonal drops increase intraocular pressure, can contribute to the suppression of local immunity and thinning of the nasal mucosa. Self-medication with the described means is strongly not recommended; the specific names should be selected by a doctor.

With antiseptics

Protargol is a drug with antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, astringent effects. The World Health Organization recommends the use of drops in the treatment of children from the age of five.

Thanks to the active components of the drug (silver ions), the following is observed:

• prevention of bacterial infection proliferation;
• decreased sensitivity of mucous membranes;
• suppression of the inflammatory response.

Before starting to use Protargol, you must rinse your nose thoroughly. After this, the child is placed on his back and the medication is instilled in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations.

With antibiotics

The use of a drug with antibacterial components is advisable when a runny nose develops, accompanied by the development of purulent processes and other manifestations indicating the addition of a bacterial infection.

comparison table

Name	Features of application	Additional instructions
Isofra is a one-component drug with an antibacterial effect.	The medicine is used in the complex therapy of infectious and inflammatory diseases affecting the upper Airways. Duration of use – no more than 1 week.	You cannot rinse the paranasal sinuses with Isofra. Allergic reactions may occur during treatment.
Polydexa with phenylephrine contains 4 active components, which provide a pronounced antibacterial and vasoconstrictor effect, fight nasal congestion.	Drops can be used in the treatment of patients over 2.5 years of age. The duration of therapy is no more than 10 days.	Prolonged, uncontrolled use of the medication is fraught with the development of sleep disorders, headaches, changes in blood pressure, pale skin, and tachycardia.

Combination drugs

Medicines in this group contain a substance that has a vasoconstrictor effect in combination with a hormonal, antibacterial or antihistamine substance.

comparison table

Name	Features of application	Additional instructions
Vibrocil contains substances with a vasoconstrictor and an antihistamine. The drug is indicated for acute, allergic, vasomoral rhinitis.	Children from birth to 6 years old are prescribed a dosage form in the form of drops. The dosage is selected depending on the age of the child. From 6 years old you can use the spray.	The use of Vibrocil is contraindicated in atrophic rhinitis. It is possible to develop undesirable side effects such as dry nose and burning sensation.
Pinosol is a medicine with an antimicrobial effect based on essential oils and vitamin E.	From 2 years old, you can instill 1-2 drops into each nasal passage up to 4 times a day.	Drops are contraindicated in the treatment of patients under 12 months of age. Allergic reactions and breathing difficulties may develop.
Sanorin-analergin - children's drops for runny nose from 2 years with a vasoconstrictor and antiallergic effect.	The dosage is 1-2 drops of medicine up to 4 times a day.	The drug can provoke the development of a rash, irritability, nausea, and headache.

Drops that thicken copious, liquid snot

In the event that the course of the disease is accompanied by nasal discharge, the pediatrician may recommend drops based on components with an astringent effect, for example, tannin.

A similar product can be purchased at a compounding pharmacy after presenting a doctor's prescription. The composition and dosage of the medication is selected individually for each patient.

Let's summarize

In order to speed up the healing process, it is important not only to use medications, but also follow the following recommendations:

• keep an eye on temperature conditions(no more than 20 degrees) and air humidity (45%) in the room where the child is;
• provide nutrition with a sufficient amount of vitamins, microelements, essential amino acids;
• minimize the consumption of sugar and foods that increase the formation of mucus: potatoes, corn;
• observe the drinking regime.

If a runny nose persists for a long time and is accompanied by deterioration (for example, or, etc.), it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor and reconsider the treatment regimen.

Putting drops into the nose

In contact with

Modern pharmaceutical industry produces a large number of drugs for local administration. These include such popular medications as nasal drops.

They are water- and oil-based, liquid and viscous, stored in the refrigerator and at room conditions.

And the range of their applications is also very wide. It is no secret that a runny nose can be either a manifestation of a banal viral infection, a “cold,” or a sign of an allergic reaction of the body or a consequence of a purulent, inflammatory process.

What are the safest cold drops for children?

Much attention is paid to special nasal drops that are produced for children. Their peculiarity and difference from ordinary drops for adults may lie in both a special dosage (in which the amount of the substance is reduced) and in the choice of those preservatives and additives that do not irritate the nasopharyngeal mucosa or burn, and are well tolerated by the baby.

Since a runny nose, both in an adult and a child, is the result of many processes (local inflammation, mucus secretion, impaired nasal breathing, release of biologically active substances - histamine) and many other stages of the development of the disease, the fight against it will have to be multi-stage. Children's medicinal drops for intranasal administration exist to achieve the following purposes:

• narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels (vasoconstrictor)
• elimination of bacterial infection (antibacterial agents);
• fight against allergies (antihistamine drops);
• softening and nourishing the nasal mucosa (for example, oil-based drops).

In addition to the official remedies that are prescribed in pharmacopoeial monographs, there are also drops that are prepared on the basis of ancient folk recipes.

Below we discuss in more detail the main groups of children's drugs for intranasal administration, with the help of which a runny nose is treated.

Vasoconstrictor drops

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops are the basis for eliminating swelling of the nasal mucosa. After all, swelling occurs due to the fact that a significant amount of blood is supplied to the site of inflammation.

It is this that promotes swelling and increased mucus production, which is a response to inflammation. Therefore, narrowing of the lumen of blood vessels reduces blood flow, the severity of swelling, inflammation and nasal congestion.

But, nevertheless, there are short-, medium- and long-acting adrenergic agonists.

Short acting (about 4 hours):

• "Sanorin". The effect lasts about 4 hours. "Sanorin" can be used from 2 years of age. There is a form of “Sanorin with eucalyptus oil”. Duration of the course – no more than 7 days, apply no more than 3 times a day. The drug contains naphazoline. They have a drying effect.
• Family of drops "Nazol" based on phenylephrine. Thus, there are “Nazol baby” (from birth), “Nazol Kids spray” (from 6 years of age).

Medium action: (up to 6 hours):

• “Tizin xylo”, “Xymelin”, “Dlyanos”. The dosage for children from birth is 0.05% solution, for children from 6 years old a 0.1% solution is available. The active ingredient is xylometazoline. Course – no more than 7-10 days;

Long-term (prolonged) action (up to 12 hours):

• "Nazivin", "Nazol Advance", "Nazol". These drugs contain oxymetazoline and can be instilled once a day. Of these products, Advance contains additional essential vegetable oils.

It is important to know that uncontrolled use of vasoconstrictor drops can cause chronic vasospasm in a child, with the development of vasomotor rhinitis, which is the result of drug dependence on adrenomimetics.

Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drops

There are a large number of these drugs that contain antibiotics and other substances. Since these drops act directly on the pathogen, they should be prescribed by a doctor. The most well-known representatives used in pediatrics are:

"Bioparox". A drug containing fusafyungin (an antibiotic). Available in the form of a spray that is injected into the nasal passages. The drug well suppresses a number of microorganisms that are most often found in rhinitis, and has an anti-inflammatory effect. Prescribed for children over 2.5 years of age.

"Polydex". It is a combined antibacterial drug that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. Contains two antibiotics (neomycin and polymyxin) and the hormone dexamethasone. The hormone is not absorbed into the blood, but has a local effect, so you should not be afraid of its presence;

"Isofra". Available in spray form, it contains the antibiotic framecitin. Prescribed to children aged one and a half years.

Antiallergic drops

Allergic reaction medications are histamine receptor blockers. The most commonly used drugs are the following:

In addition to “pure” antiallergic drops, it is possible to use combination drugs, for example, such as “Vibrocil”. It also contains phenylephrine, which, as stated above, has a vasoconstrictor effect. Source: website

Oil drops in the nose for children

For some reason, kids adore these droplets. Probably because they are interested in how this oil spreads inside the nose, because they have seen so many times how it is used to season porridge. Oil drops are designed to soften the tense and hyperemic mucous membrane of the nasal passages.

• "Pinosol." Contains peppermint oil, eucalyptus oil, pine oil, fat-soluble vitamin E, and antimicrobial agents. Indicated for children from 2 years of age;

When using Pinosol, you need to know that it alone is unable to quickly relieve symptoms, since it is an adjuvant. It helps well not with acute, but with prolonged and chronic rhinitis, when there is anemia and an atrophic process on the mucous membrane, which can lead to dryness.

Moisturizing drops

IN Lately In pharmacies, prophylactic drops containing saline solution in therapeutic concentrations. It has long been noticed that residents of coastal sea areas almost do not suffer from a runny nose, and if they do, they quickly relieve it by sucking salty sea water into the nose. The following drugs are available for sale:

• "Sialor aqua";
• "Salin";
• "Aqua Maris";
• "Aqualor";
• "Physiomer."

Their effect is based on the ability of salts to “draw out” inflammation. Of course, much better than sea clean water and spit it out through the mouth, but only older children can do this, as it may seem unpleasant.

The big advantage of these water preparations is their good tolerability and the possibility of use by the smallest. The main thing to remember is that this remedy is unable to quickly “make the nose breathe” alone, and in complex therapy, sea water preparations, both in the form of drops and in the form of a spray, are very useful.

The baby drops we listed above are not all equally safe. Therefore, in this section we list the most safe drugs. Thus, among vasoconstrictor drugs, “Nazol Baby”, “Nazivin” and “Nazivin Sensitive” of the weakest concentration can be prescribed.

C 4 – one month old you can use "Otrivin - baby", containing sea ​​water. All other moisturizing preparations are recommended to be used without restriction, 10-12 times a day. You can also drip pure olive oil into the children's nose.

As shown clinical practice, the vast majority of children's "snot" is viral in nature and occurs seasonally: in the autumn - spring period. These viral rhinitis and nasopharyngitis are most often associated with long walks, “wet feet” and other incidents.

Therefore, specifically for the prevention and enhancement of antiviral immunity, there are the following drugs that are indicated for use in childhood:

• « Grippferon"- a drug that is active against many adenoviruses, which are “responsible” for the majority of colds;
• Nasal drops " Genferon – Light" They are also created on the basis of leukocyte antiviral interferon. Since the drops contain taurine, these drops are contraindicated in the first months of a child’s life;
• t, which increases the nonspecific resistance of the body. The drug is sodium salt DNA, and is used in many protective, repair and restoration processes. Very well tolerated by children, including those up to one year old.

Rules for using nasal drops

Above was presented a fairly impressive list of various drops that can be used for many pathological conditions and wide range symptoms and diseases. But how to do it right? There is a special algorithm, adherence to which will help achieve maximum therapeutic effects:

First you need to clean your nasal passages as much as possible. so that the medicine does not accumulate outside. Older children can be asked to gently blow their nose, but a baby will have to gently blow it manually using a clean cotton swab. rotational movements rid the vestibule of the nose from the remnants of a known composition accumulated there;

In the event that upon examination it is revealed redness of the skin or the inner surface of the nasal passages inside the nostrils (this can be easily seen with an LED or headlamp), then you need to carefully moisten it with Vaseline or olive oil, also applied to the stick;

The baby should be placed on his back and his head tilted to the side. After instillation, the child is given light massage nasal wing, for uniform distribution medicine over the largest area of ​​the mucous membrane. Then the same action is done on the other side.

Caution should be given to the widespread practice of instilling drugs in children while sitting with their head tilted back. After the head is lowered, many drops pour down.

That is why it is much more effective to purchase drugs that come in the form of a dosed spray, since a dense cloud of droplets immediately settles on the mucous membrane, and you do not have to wait long.

Parents should be warned not to use a syringe, bulb, balloon or small “enema” to put drops into their baby’s nose. The thing is that you can accidentally create very high pressure in the Eustachian tube, which can lead to barotrauma of the membrane and hearing impairment, including deafness.

We have reviewed a sufficient number of different local drugs for intranasal administration, which are indicated for children. Parents often ask a question that sounds like this: “Which drops are the best”? In fact, there is no clear answer to this question.

Each group has different best drops, depending on what criteria are used to evaluate. After all, in the end, the drug must be prescribed by the attending physician. But even on your own, when you come to the pharmacy, you can navigate by the following signs:

Safety. This is the first thing to consider. The drug may not help and be useless, in which case it’s just a waste of time and money. But if it worsens the child’s condition or causes an allergic reaction, then everything will be much more serious. Therefore, it is necessary to choose, if possible, those drugs that are indicated from a very early age;

Ease of administration. The advantages of metered sprays over conventional pipettes are obvious, although their cost is higher;

Quality. If you have a choice, you should choose original drugs. So, a ten-year-old boy can be offered domestic Naphthyzin in a plastic tube, which must be cut off, otherwise the nasal mucosa may be scratched until it bleeds when introduced into the nasal passage. Polish-made Sanorin spray is also allowed, which is administered gently and painlessly, and is sprayed with one click;

And:

• Shelf life and storage conditions;
• Number of contraindications;
• The speed of onset of the desired effect.

Of course, this is an approximate diagram, and everyone can find their own answer to this question.

Traditional medicine offers a sufficient number of recipes for drugs that are instilled into the nose. Currently, they can be used as auxiliary ones as part of complex therapy, or as main ones if they are used for prophylactic purposes. Here are some examples:

• Sea water or a solution of table or sea salt. The desired concentration should be close to the salinity of blood plasma, or 0.9%. To achieve this, you need to take one part of salt per hundred parts of water (for simplicity, we take 1%) - for example, 10 grams per liter of water, or two level teaspoons. You can rinse your nose with this solution, or you can drip it.

Nasal drops from the pharmacy

If you decide to purchase medicine for your child at the pharmacy yourself, it is advisable to select the drug, write down the names of the drops, study all the contraindications and the age at which the drug can be prescribed.

When choosing, you need to ask and read carefully again official instructions, which is the ultimate truth and official document. It must be remembered that antibacterial drugs should be purchased only as prescribed by a doctor - pediatrician or pediatric otolaryngologist.

In conclusion, I would like to remind you that if treatment for a runny nose is started in a timely manner, then you can get by with drops alone, without using pills, mixtures, or even injections. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor the baby’s health, if possible, harden him, increase his immunity level so that he grows up strong and healthy.