Home Wisdom teeth Overdose of vasoconstrictor drops, what to do. Overdose of vasoconstrictor drops in a child: symptoms and treatment

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Overdose of vasoconstrictor drops, what to do. Overdose of vasoconstrictor drops in a child: symptoms and treatment

According to Life, well-known pharmaceutical companies and Roszdravnadzor bombarded Russian pediatricians with warnings in 2016–2017. Their content is approximately the same: children are increasingly being poisoned vasoconstrictor drops. We are talking about naphthyzin, sanorin, otrivin and other similar drugs. If you overdo it with treatment, the child may get heart problems or even fall into a coma. As Roszdravnadzor notes, many parents do not know this and therefore allow their children to bury them uncontrollably. As a result, thousands of children across the country end up in hospitals every year.

At the beginning of 2017, one-year-old Seryozha from the city of Tchaikovsky, Perm Territory, caught a cold, and his mother, leaving for work, instructed his grandmother how to treat the baby. And although the boy sniffed, his mother did not leave any drops. The grandmother decided that this was not a problem and gave her grandson naphthyzin. She didn’t even drip it, but, one might say, poured it in, so as not to give the snot a chance. That day Vanya fell asleep earlier than usual after lunch.

Grandma woke him up and dropped more drops. After which the child slept all day.

The mother, returning from work, could not wake up her son. In a panic, she called an ambulance. The arriving brigade possible ways I tried to bring the child to his senses. With a normal heart rate of about 110–120 beats per minute, Serezha’s heart beat at a speed of only 30 beats. The boy was pale and reacted only to strong painful stimuli. At the hospital they said: naphthyzine poisoning.

The doctors managed to save Seryozha, a day later he was already running around the department, and four days later he was discharged home. The fact that the boy almost died was not the fault of the drops, but of the adults who used them incorrectly.

How the drops work

During flu and colds, our nose becomes blocked because the mucous membrane in the nasal sinuses swells and “swells.” To relieve swelling, millions of our compatriots use naphthyzine-type drops. They constrict the vessels of the mucous membrane, the swelling subsides, and the nasal passages expand.

Sanorin, naphthyzin, xylene, rhinostop are drugs of the same pharmacological group,” explains pediatrician, candidate of medical sciences Tuyara Zakharova.

The problem is that with an overdose, not only the capillaries in the nose begin to narrow. The effect extends to large vessels carrying blood to the kidneys, heart and brain. This is fraught dangerous consequences: a person’s pulse drops, blood pressure rises, and signs of anemia appear. The adult body is able to “swallow” large doses of drops without serious consequences. But for children, an overdose is extremely dangerous. The worst thing that can happen is heart problems.

For example, sanorin is used only from the age of two, says Tuyara Zakharova. - This is due to the fact that children early age even a small amount of the drug can cause a spasm in the heart muscle.

Drug poisoning

Roszdravnadzor sounded the alarm and from June 2016 to May 2017 sent 12 official letters to all regional medical institutions about the dangers of using vasoconstrictors. Life has copies of them at its disposal. These documents are ordered to be distributed in all pharmacies and among pediatricians. The letters mention nine names of drops. This is almost the entire “vasoconstrictor” assortment of Russian pharmacies.

Analyzing information about side effect [vasoconstrictor drops and sprays], Roszdravnadzor specialists learned about a significant number of overdoses in pediatric practice,” the department’s documents say. - We recorded a large number of acute and subacute drug poisoning in children under 15 years of age [after using drugs].

A source in the department told Life that they began to study the problem after reports from children's hospitals in the central region.

We received data from one of the children's hospitals. Over the course of two years, their toxicology department treated 892 children under the age of 15 due to [vasoconstrictor] poisonings,” a source told Life. - All poisonings were accidental and occurred due to excess dosages, as well as due to non-compliance with age-related contraindications. However, the documents do not indicate how many children in Russia were poisoned by the drops.

Life sent a request to Roszdravnadzor asking for statistics, but has not yet received a response. The scale of the problem can be assessed using the example of a specific Moscow hospital. Every year due to improper treatment only to the hospital. N.F. Filatova receives 250–300 children under the age of four years.

In 2015, 244 children came to us, and in 2016, 250 children were treated. Basically, in cases of poisoning, all liquid-type medications and even household chemicals are recorded. For example, these are vasoconstrictor nasal drops,” Dmitry Dolginov, head of the hospital’s toxicology department, told Life.

Parents can recognize vasoconstrictor poisoning by several basic signs.

The main sign of vasoconstrictor poisoning is changes in the nervous systems s. The child becomes restless or, on the contrary, inhibited,” Boris Blokhin, chief freelance pediatrician of the Moscow Department of Health, told Life. - Poisoning can be avoided if you strictly follow the recommendations written on the drugs. And understand that any medicine is not only a treatment for the child, but also possible development side effects.

Life sent requests to major pharmaceutical companies in Russia and Germany, which produce drops, with a request to comment on the situation. This is Moscow endocrine plant, German Bayer and Merkle GmbH. At the time of publication, only representatives of the Bayer company, which produces Nazol drops, responded.

To provide correct application drops, Bayer informed doctors and pharmacists about strict adherence to the dosage regimen, contraindications and precautions for use medicines, - company representative Svetlana Meleshko told Life. - Bayer carefully processes all information on cases of misuse of drugs, adverse events and overdoses and provides this information to regulatory authorities.

Any home medicine cabinet will probably contain vasoconstrictor nasal drops. It would seem: this harmless means, quickly relieve nasal congestion during a runny nose. But in Australia they are prohibited for use by children under 2 years old, in the UK - up to 6 years old, and in some places in Italy - even up to 12 years old. They are also recommended to be used with caution during pregnancy. Reason – they are dangerous for small patients!

What threat do vasoconstrictor nasal drops pose to children?

Nasal drops that quickly relieve swelling and restore nasal breathing contain a drug from the group of so-called alpha-2 adrenergic agonists. They constrict the blood vessels of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages and reduce the production of inflammatory serous or mucous secretions. But these substances are easily absorbed into the blood. And then, along with the desired local effect, their expressed side effect to the entire cardiovascular system. The worst thing is that they affect the brain in such a way that they reduce blood pressure until the development of hypotonic shock. Think about it: simply putting drops into your nose can cause severe poisoning!

For whom are vasoconstrictor nasal drops most dangerous?

How younger child, the less the dose of adrenomimetic is required for the baby to need emergency help. That's why The most vulnerable age is children from one to two years old(about half of all cases). The second place in the frequency of serious complications is occupied by infants under one year old and children from 2 to 3 years old.

How does hypotonic shock manifest in children?

A stuffy nose causes a lot of trouble for a child. He cannot breathe normally, and therefore is capricious during meals and games, during nap and often wakes up crying at night. It would seem that there is nothing unusual in the fact that after an adrenergic agonist is instilled into the nose, the baby stops snoring and quickly falls asleep. Because first signs of decline blood pressure– drowsiness and lethargy- in case of poisoning, as a rule, parents skip it. According to statistics, the most common complaint when seeking help is “the child does not wake up” or “it was difficult to wake up, but falls asleep again.”

The greater the number of vasoconstrictor drops in the nose that are absorbed into the systemic bloodstream, the more pronounced will be the general pallor of the skin, blueness around the mouth, sweating, and coldness of the extremities. In children, breathing becomes rare and barely noticeable to the eye, as if they are not breathing at all. The body is relaxed, any movement is difficult for them. In severe cases it may develop epileptic seizure or cerebral coma.

What are the dangers of nasal drops during pregnancy?

Nasal spray with an adrenergic agonist not only narrows superficial vessels its mucous membrane. To a lesser extent, but certainly, the lumen of the vessels feeding the placenta is spasmed. As a result, it becomes easier for the mother to breathe briefly, while the baby experiences a lack of oxygen at this time.

Which vasoconstrictor drops are most dangerous?

It is part of drugs called Naphazolin ferein, Naphthyzin, Opkon-A, Sanorin, Sanorin with eucalyptus oil.
These are Brizolin, Galazolin, Grippostad Rino, Dlynos, Doctor Theiss Nazolin and Rinotais, Influrin, Xilen, Xylobene, Ximelin, Nosolin, Olint, Rizaksil, Rinomaris, Rinostop, Suprima-NOZ, Tizin xylo.
These are 4-Wey, Afrin, Nazivin, Nazol and Nazol Advance, Nazosprey, Nesopin, Noxprey, Fazin, Fervex spray for the common cold.

When nasal drops cause poisoning in a child

The main reason is an overdose of the drug. When this happens:

a solution containing a higher concentration of adrenergic agonists is used than is permitted at a certain age. ;
. For example, after instilling drops from the nose, mucus is removed and the medicinal spray is immediately reused;

Accidental poisonings also occur in children when a bottle of spray is left within reach, and child drinks medicine. Even one sip of an adrenergic agonist, especially on an empty stomach, is enough to cause severe poisoning to develop.

How to protect your baby from dangerous nasal drops

The basic rule is to comply with the requirements for age, quantity and frequency of use of the drug specified in the annotation for the drug. Try not to buy sprays containing naphazoline, xylometazoline and oxymetazoline at the pharmacy. Remember that vasoconstrictor drops do not treat a runny nose, but only facilitate nasal breathing when the mucous membrane is swollen. This is usually observed in the first 1-3 days viral infection. Before instilling an adrenergic agonist, you need to clear the nasal passages of mucus using saline solution or sea water and suction bulbs. Perhaps this procedure will already be enough to baby nose"breathed."

Naphthyzin is very effective drug, which constricts blood vessels in a short period of time. At misuse An overdose of naphthyzine may occur.

Naphthyzin is an effective vasoconstrictor drug

Young parents often wonder: can children use the drug? The use of naphthyzin is permitted by pediatricians, but only if the concentration of drops and dosage are correctly selected. Naphthyzin is available in the form of 0.05% drops. A solution of 0.1% is an adult dosage, which is strictly prohibited for children to take, as it can cause severe poisoning.

Danger of the drug

Can a child be poisoned by this drug? Of course. Nasal drops seem harmless, but they are quite capable of harming your baby. Poisoning with naphthyzine drops in children is not uncommon. Naphthyzine poisoning occurs when inexperienced parents independently, without a pediatrician’s prescription, treat their child’s runny nose with vasoconstrictor medications. Young mothers very often turn to medical institutions for help with naphthysine poisoning.

Reasons why poisoning may occur

Naphthyzin, like any other drug, can cause harm to the body. Symptoms can appear not only with long-term use, but also with one-time use of drops. So, let's figure out why seemingly ordinary drops can cause serious poisoning.

Vasoconstrictor drops called Naphthyzin are available in plastic bottles. It is not always possible to give the child the required number of drops by pressing on the bottle; in this case, the dose may increase several times.
Parents often confuse adult dosage 0.1% with children's 0.05%.
Very often there is non-compliance with the rules for using a medicinal product. The instructions indicate that the drops should not be used by children under one year of age, and young mothers use the drug on their own, which risks causing serious harm to the health of the baby.
Naphthyzin, effective inexpensive drug, which is extremely popular. For children, its use can have dire consequences.

Poisoning with naphthyzine drops in children is not uncommon

First symptoms

Naphthyzine poisoning in children is quite common. In order to determine whether the child has actually been poisoned, it is necessary to monitor his condition. The first symptoms that you might be concerned about are:

bright severe weakness and lethargy in the baby;
mood swings, tearfulness;
cramping pain in the head and slight dizziness;
nausea turning into vomiting;
decrease in temperature;
bradycardia;
hypotension (low blood pressure);
complete refusal of food;
drowsiness;
pallor skin(skin becomes damp and cold);
slight constriction of the pupils.

When the first such symptoms are detected, it is necessary to urgently call a qualified medical specialist, which will have necessary help and eliminate the symptoms of overdose. It is strictly forbidden to carry out treatment at home!

First aid

While you are waiting for the doctor, do not panic so that it is not transmitted to the child. It is necessary to monitor the baby’s condition, calm him down and ensure a comfortable position.

Follow general condition child.
Drink plenty of fluids. It could be ordinary boiled water.
Monitor the baby's pulse and breathing.
Wrap him in a blanket so the child can stay warm.

The medicine must be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the dosage

Treatment for poisoning

First of all, treatment should be aimed at eliminating the symptoms of naphthysine poisoning. Upon arrival of the emergency doctor, it is necessary to tell how the drug was taken and in what dosage. If it happened light form poisoning, the baby will be given first aid on the spot and given further recommendations for treatment. In severe cases, they are transported to the hospital and treated in a hospital setting.

It often happens that children use medications on their own. medical purposes. To prevent this from happening, parents should be careful about the storage of all medications, that is, keep them out of the reach of children.

Note for young parents

The drug should not be used by infants.
Drops should be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the dosage according to the child’s age.
Increasing the dose does not increase the effect of the drug, but increases the risk of severe poisoning.
The recommended dose for a child should not exceed 1-2 drops of a 0.05% Naphthyzin solution.
Correct use of the drug will clear the child's airways and make nasal breathing easier.
Due to the fact that the drug is addictive, drops can be used no more than once with an interval of 6-7 hours.
It is effective to use a pipette to accurately measure a drop. This way you can see the amount of the drug collected.
In order not to cause addiction in the child, it is necessary to alternate naphthyzin with other drops intended for treatment colds in kids.

Colds are the most common ailments that accompany people during the cold season. They are often accompanied coughing, malaise, fever, as well as nasal congestion and runny nose, which, in the absence of timely treatment is fraught with serious complications, such as sinusitis, otitis, sinusitis, etc. In order to get rid of a runny nose in time and prevent the development of negative manifestations, they resort to the use of vasoconstrictor medications. One of these is the well-known medical drug Naphthyzin.
Detailed information about Naphthyzin is located

Main characteristics of the drug

The medication is a special solution based on naphthyzine of varying concentrations. Thanks to this composition, the medicine has an anti-edematous and vasoconstrictor effect, which is achieved when the drug acts on the receptors of the nasal mucosa and reduces blood flow. This effect has the effect of eliminating swelling, facilitating breathing, and reducing the production of mucus. The medicine is prescribed for both children and adult patients, is available without a prescription and has an affordable price.

However, over-the-counter access and reasonable price do not mean that the drug can be used uncontrolled and a long period, since Naphthyzin has quite a lot adverse reactions, especially when long-term treatment. It is also necessary to take into account that prolonged use not only causes serious symptoms, but also develops addiction, which has a practical effect. complete absence desired effect.

Main manifestations of drug overdose

An overdose of Naphthyzine can be caused by exceeding the specified standards in the instructions, prolonged use, and side effects can also occur when using an expired medication. You need to know that for children from 1 year to 6 years old, Naphthyzin is instilled 1 drop 2 times a day, over six years of age and adults are prescribed 1-3 drops 3 times a day, the treatment course is no more than 5 days. Exceeding this dosage and treatment period, as well as accidental ingestion, which is strictly prohibited, can lead to very serious consequences. The main ones are:

Attacks of nausea and vomiting
Constriction of the pupils of the eyes
Sudden rise in temperature
Blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes
Development of tachycardia, disruption of heart rhythm
Increased blood pressure
Various types of mental disorders.

In the case of a severe form, with high doses of the drug, significant depression of the nervous system is observed, respiratory function and vasomotor centers are impaired. For the most part, this is reflected in the following symptoms:

Increased drowsiness and lethargy
Reduced blood pressure
By demotion temperature regime body
Breathing disorders
Decreased heart rate
Development of coma and pulmonary edema.

This condition is extremely dangerous and seriously threatens the patient’s life and can even affect fatal due to cardiac and respiratory failure. Therefore, in such a situation, you need to urgently call an ambulance.

Naphthyzine overdose in children

Exceeding the norm is especially dangerous in children (medication is strictly prohibited for children under 1 year of age). It happens that even a single failure to comply with the dosage can cause very serious consequences, and a dose of 10 ml for children of the first years is considered fatal. The main factors that can lead to the development of negative symptoms are: failure to follow the attached instructions, incorrect dosage when using a plastic bottle, using a 0.1% solution instead of 0.0.5%. Large doses of Naphthyzin easily penetrate into children's body, stimulates the brain centers, reduces heart function, disrupts heart contractions and causes severe disorders.

Naphthyzine poisoning in children causes the following manifestations:

Mild degree. In this situation, children complain of malaise, lethargy, constant drowsiness. The child may experience pale skin, decreased appetite, moodiness, and a slight decrease in heart rate. Blood pressure remains normal.
Moderate severity. At this stage, there is severe weakness, a tendency to sleep, a complete refusal to eat, bradycardia, a decrease in temperature and blood pressure. The pupils react.
Severe form. At this degree, children develop coma, heart rate and blood pressure decrease significantly, the child is in critical condition requiring immediate medical attention.

In any case, if you discover signs of drug poisoning in a child, you should immediately call an ambulance and get professional help.

Treatment and first aid

At the first symptoms of Naphthyzine poisoning in children and adults in mandatory you need to stop taking the medicine and call a doctor. The doctor needs to be informed in what doses the medication was taken and how long the therapy lasted. Before the ambulance arrives, the following procedures must be carried out:

Place the victim in bed and cover him with a blanket to keep him warm.
Carry out gastric lavage, that is, the patient needs to drink several glasses of warm water and induce vomiting.
You can also take several tablets of activated carbon, at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of weight.
Check your pulse and breathing regularly
Observe frequency heart rate.

It should be noted that gastric lavage is not carried out in a state where a person is unconscious and in infants.

IN inpatient conditions healing process aimed at eliminating cardiovascular disorders and pathologies from respiratory system. In many cases, initial therapy consists of administering the antidote Naphthyzine, atropine, to the patient, taking into account the patient’s weight and age. Children are also given special doses of prednisolone. At serious problems carried out with breathing artificial ventilation lungs, treatment of edema, and certain intramuscular and intravenous injections. In case of suspension of breathing and heart function, all necessary resuscitation measures are carried out.

Consequences

In case of mild poisoning with Naphthyzin, the accompanying symptoms almost always disappear within 1-2 days. In the case of a severe form, it may occur serious inflammation lungs, sudden jumps in blood pressure, in older people the risk of stroke or heart attack increases. Moreover, unfortunately, too high doses of the drug, especially in children, can even lead to death.

To avoid everyone negative manifestations Naphthyzin, in any case, you must strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage, do not exceed the prescribed treatment period, and use the product only as prescribed by the doctor.

Some vasoconstrictor nasal drops (naphthyzin, naphazoline, sanorin), often called in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and uncontrolledly used by parents as a harmless remedy, in their opinion, can cause a number of complications and even negative consequences if used incorrectly.

Some vasoconstrictor nasal drops (naphthyzin, naphazolin, sanorin), often called in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections and uncontrolledly used by parents as a harmless, in their opinion, remedy, if used incorrectly can cause a number of complications and even poisoning, as it happens that children drink the medicine . The peak of accidents occurs between the ages of one and three years. How to help a child in case of poisoning. First you need to call an ambulance. Before help arrives, the child must be put down, warmed, and given a warm drink. The first signs of poisoning appear 30-40 minutes after contact with the drug. Lethargy, drowsiness, loss of appetite, pale skin, and cold sweat appear. The heart rate also decreases. Body temperature decreases. In case of severe poisoning, in addition to the above, consciousness is impaired, up to coma, and blood pressure decreases to critical levels.

To avoid such terrible consequences, use only those medications prescribed by your doctor. Do not drip more or more often than prescribed by the doctor or written in the instructions, but in general - no more than 3-5 days. Buy the drug according to age, and do not try to treat the child with the available “adults”. Keep nasal drops, like any medicines, out of the reach of children.

Be as careful and attentive as possible, because your child’s health is at stake!

Is it possible to do harm with such a simple over-the-counter drug?

Canadian pediatricians presented an analysis of a case involving an overdose of vasoconstrictor drops: a 4-month-old baby was admitted to the intensive care unit after using vasoconstrictor drops in the nose due to congestion for 2 days. The baby received 8 drops of xylometazoline in the nose (0.1% concentration) 12 hours before the child was admitted to the intensive care unit.
This dosage is for adults; in children it is used only from 6 to 12 years. This child was admitted to the intensive care unit in a coma. The situation ended well.
The Medline library contains an analysis of 13 cases of xylometazoline overdose in children under 5 years of age, 11 of which occurred in children under 2 years of age.
Doesn't seem like much, does it? What if it was YOUR child?
Moreover, these phenomena may have varying degrees severity, go unnoticed or simply not be documented.
Unfortunately, the minimum nontoxic dose of xylometazoline for such young children has not been established. When instilling xylometazoline pharmacological reference books It is recommended to maintain an 8-10 hour interval between doses and in children under 6 years of age to use strictly 1 drop of the drug in a pediatric dosage in each nasal passage. And such a dosage is dangerous for children's health does not carry.
This is just an example of the incorrect use of one substance, but this is possible with any vasoconstrictor nasal drops. And, unfortunately, even full compliance with the instructions does not guarantee the absence of an overdose. Since there are data on cases of overdose of oxymetazoline/xylometazoline in premature babies or babies in the first months of life when taking the drug according to the instructions in children with symptoms of nasal congestion due to ARVI.

Overdose symptoms:
difficulty breathing or stopping breathing;

lethargy, even to coma;

blurred vision;
blue lips and nails;
change in pupil size;
violation of blood pressure - first an increase, then a decrease;
tachycardia;
headache;
irritability;
decrease in body temperature;
convulsions;
nausea and vomiting;
trembling of limbs.

If you suspect poisoning of a child with a vasoconstrictor drug, you should immediately seek help.
Tell your doctor:
patient's condition;
height;
weight;
name of the drug;
timing of use and dosage.

How to avoid such reactions to the drug:
keep medications out of the reach of children;
do not use vasoconstrictor drops as self-medication for more than 3 days;
Vasoconstrictors do not have a regular dosage regimen - this is a means of symptomatic relief, if we are talking about a common runny nose - there is congestion - we drip. The nose is breathing - let us pass.
For otitis media, the doctor may prescribe a different regimen.
The time interval between doses is of great importance, for example, for Xylometazoline it is 8-10 hours; Oxymetazoline -12 hours; Phenylephrine -4-6 hours.
Such drugs cannot be used in newborns without a doctor’s prescription!
It is strictly forbidden to use nasal drops, e.g. naphthyzine, into a nebulizer or other devices and do inhalations!
The form of release of vasoconstrictors for children - drops - is much preferable, so you can see exactly what got into the nose. ️Vasoconstrictor drops in the treatment of a runny nose are not the most important medicine! Even swelling can be quite safely removed with hypertonic saline solution.
Be careful and stay healthy!

Most people are accustomed to using vasoconstrictor nasal drops at the slightest manifestation of a runny nose in a child or adult. At the same time, there are ardent opponents of these drugs who refuse to treat a runny nose with them. Who is right? Indeed, uncontrolled spraying into the nose vasoconstrictor sprays can lead to severe consequences in adults and children. In this article, we looked at the reasons why an overdose of vasoconstrictor drops may develop, the symptoms and methods of treating this condition.

In what cases are vasoconstrictor nasal drops used?

Vasoconstrictor drops or sprays are prescribed to treat certain diseases of the nose and ears. Just like that, for any runny nose, you shouldn’t use them neither in children nor in adults.

They are available in the form of drops or spray. They need to be instilled into both nostrils. The dosage, frequency and duration of treatment are discussed with the treating doctor.

Remember that a therapist or otolaryngologist should prescribe vasoconstrictor drugs. It is very dangerous to use them on your own; they can cause the development of chronic rhinitis, atrophy of the nasal mucosa, or drug poisoning.

Indications for the use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops:

Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle parts of the ear. Drops accelerate the removal of inflammation and swelling from internal structures ear;
Eustachitis is an inflammation of the auditory Eustachian tube, in which the flow of air into the structures of the middle ear is disrupted. This disease is almost always accompanied by severe hearing loss. Vasoconstrictor drugs relieve swelling and clear ear congestion.
difficult nasal breathing due to inflammatory bacterial or viral diseases accompanied by a runny nose.

Causes of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops

Intoxication with these drugs most often develops as a result of their improper and independent use. Exceeding the dosage of vasoconstrictor drops is very dangerous and can lead to disruption of the entire body.

The causes of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops are listed below:

Frequent nasal drops to improve nasal breathing. Sometimes, during acute viral processes, it is not possible to completely decompress the nose, and free breathing does not return after instilling a dose of the drug. But this does not mean that it is necessary to re-inject the medicine.
Incorrect dosage selection. For example, adult dose The vasoconstrictor drug is toxic to the child and can cause acute poisoning.
Parallel use of several different vasoconstrictor drugs. Only one nasal spray can be used at a time during treatment. drug group. Combining several different drops with a similar effect or with the same active substance leads to the development of an overdose.
Accidental ingestion of nasal drops can occur in a child who finds the drug. All medications should be kept out of the reach of children.

With prolonged use of vasoconstrictor nasal drops in normal dosages, chronic rhinitis develops. People become dependent on a bottle of vasoconstrictor drops and carry it with them all the time.

Examples of drugs

In pharmacies you can find a large variety of vasoconstrictor drops and sprays. They all have a similar effect, may differ from each other in dosage rules and active substance. Examples of drugs:

"Rinazolin";
"Naphthyzin";
"Otrivin";
"Nazol";
"Nesopin";
"Lazolvan Rino."

Overdose symptoms

The severity of intoxication directly depends on the amount of the drug injected into the nose. The larger it is, the worse condition sick. Signs of intoxication appear within the first hour after the drug enters the body.

Vasoconstrictor drops in large dosages have a direct effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. Symptoms of an overdose of these drugs are listed below:

Constriction of the eye pupils, they become like a small dot. In this case, the pupils practically do not react to changes in light.
Severe dryness in the nose. Nosebleeds may develop.
Heart rhythm disturbance. With mild intoxication, tachycardia is observed - rapid heartbeat. Severe poisoning is accompanied by the development of bradycardia - slowing of the pulse.
Changes in blood pressure levels. Depending on the severity of the patient's condition, it may decrease or increase.
Pale and blue discoloration of the skin develops due to hypoxia and insufficient blood supply.
Nausea and vomiting that does not bring relief. These symptoms develop due to hypoxia and damage to the central nervous system.
Drowsiness and lethargy. The person feels dizzy severe weakness. A headache may develop.
Slow breathing.
Hypothermia is a decrease in body temperature below 36 degrees.
Impaired consciousness, up to the development of a deep coma.

First aid and treatment for overdose

What to do in case acute poisoning vasoconstrictor drops? First of all, you should call ambulance . Briefly tell the dispatcher about what happened by phone and give the exact address.

If a person takes nasal drops, the stomach should be rinsed immediately. To do this, the patient needs to drink several glasses of water in one gulp and induce vomiting. Then you should drink some kind of sorbent, for example, Activated carbon.

If an overdose has developed as a result of excessive instillation of the drug into the nose, rinsing the stomach or drinking sorbents is pointless. Before the doctors arrive, try to calm the patient down; you can give him plain water or sweet, weak black tea.

First aid will be provided to the patient by the doctors who arrive on call. They will do a quick examination of the patient and administer necessary medications to stabilize the work of the heart vascular system and breathing.

In case of poisoning with vasoconstrictor drops, hospitalize in toxicological or intensive care unit. There is no specific antidote. All treatment is aimed at eliminating symptoms, removing the drug from the body and regulating heart function.

Vasoconstrictor nasal drops help treat acute inflammatory diseases nose and ears. They help restore breathing when the nasal passages are congested. Before using these medications, you should consult your doctor. In large dosages, they can cause severe poisoning, accompanied by disruption of the heart and breathing. When the first signs of an overdose appear, you should call an ambulance. Treatment of this condition is carried out in a hospital setting.

Naphthyzin is a very effective drug that constricts blood vessels in a short period of time. If the drug is used incorrectly, an overdose of naphthyzine may occur.

Naphthyzin is an effective vasoconstrictor drug

Danger of the drug

Reasons why poisoning may occur

Vasoconstrictor drops called Naphthyzin are available in plastic bottles. It is not always possible to give the child the required number of drops by pressing on the bottle; in this case, the dose may increase several times.
Parents very often confuse the adult dosage of 0.1% with the children's dosage of 0.05%.
Very often there is non-compliance with the rules for using a medicinal product. The instructions indicate that the drops should not be used by children under one year of age, and young mothers use the drug on their own, which risks causing serious harm to the health of the baby.
Naphthyzin is an effective, inexpensive drug that is extremely popular. For children, its use can have dire consequences.

Poisoning with naphthyzine drops in children is not uncommon

First symptoms

pronounced weakness and lethargy in the baby;
mood swings, tearfulness;
cramping pain in the head and slight dizziness;
nausea turning into vomiting;
decrease in temperature;
bradycardia;
hypotension (low blood pressure);
complete refusal of food;
drowsiness;
pale skin (skin becomes damp and cold);
slight constriction of the pupils.

When the first such symptoms are detected, it is necessary to urgently call a qualified medical specialist who will provide the necessary assistance and eliminate the symptoms of overdose. It is strictly forbidden to carry out treatment at home!

First aid

While you are waiting for the doctor, do not panic so that it is not transmitted to the child. It is necessary to monitor the baby’s condition, calm him down and ensure a comfortable position.

Monitor the general condition of the child.
Drink plenty of fluids. This can be ordinary boiled water.
Monitor the baby's pulse and breathing.
Wrap him in a blanket so the child can stay warm.

The medicine must be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the dosage

Treatment for poisoning

First of all, treatment should be aimed at eliminating the symptoms of naphthysine poisoning. Upon arrival of the emergency doctor, it is necessary to tell how the drug was taken and in what dosage. If a mild form of poisoning occurs, the baby will be given first aid on the spot and given further recommendations for treatment. In severe cases, they are transported to the hospital and treated in a hospital setting.

It often happens that children independently use medications for medical purposes. To prevent this from happening, parents should be careful about the storage of all medications, that is, keep them out of the reach of children.

Note for young parents

The drug should not be used by infants.
Drops should be prescribed by a pediatrician in accordance with the dosage according to the child’s age.
Increasing the dose does not increase the effect of the drug, but increases the risk of severe poisoning.
The recommended dose for a child should not exceed 1-2 drops of a 0.05% Naphthyzin solution.
Correct use of the drug will clear the child's airways and make nasal breathing easier.
Due to the fact that the drug is addictive, drops can be used no more than once with an interval of 6-7 hours.
It is effective to use a pipette to accurately measure a drop. This way you can see the amount of the drug collected.
In order not to cause addiction in the child, it is necessary to alternate naphthyzin with other drops intended for the treatment of colds in children.

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Can a child be poisoned by Naphthyzin? Yes maybe. Even the simplest and safest-looking nasal drops can lead to serious consequences and harm the child’s health. Poisoning in children medicines not at all uncommon. Poisoning with vasoconstrictor drugs occurs especially often, due to the selection and use of medications by parents independently without a doctor’s prescription, also due to an incorrectly calculated dose of the drug and its incorrect storage.

During colds, runny nose, allergies, teething, there is a need to give drops to children. Parents use Naphthyzin because the drug has fast action, removes swelling of the nasal mucosa, clears the respiratory passages.

Behind last years the number of Naphthyzin poisonings has increased. Mothers are increasingly going to the hospital with similar poisonings in their children.

Reasons for the increase in poisonings

Naphthyzin, like other drugs, has observed side effects not only with long-term use, but also with short-term use. Sometimes symptoms of poisoning occur even with a single use.

The main reasons why there is an increase in drug poisoning:

Naphthyzin is produced in plastic bottles up to 20 ml. Due to such packaging, it is possible to make a mistake and take the wrong dosage, because during one press on the bottle the dose can increase up to ten times;
Parents often make a mistake and buy a 0.1% solution of the drug, but they should use a 0.05% solution;
Failure to follow the instructions for using the medicine. Let’s say the instructions indicate that naphthyzine can be used for children older than one year, but in practice it turns out that parents have been using it since the baby’s birth.
Price for the drug. The cost of the drug is very insignificant, compared to other drops, the price is very meager, about 10 rubles, which is why the medicine is popular, but the price may increase in the future, then you will have to fight for the health and life of the child.

Symptoms

Poisoning with drugs for the common cold is quite common in children. However, in order to accurately determine whether it is poisoning or not, you should monitor the baby’s well-being. Main symptoms of poisoning:

General weakness of the body;
Bad mood;
Dizziness and headache;
Painful sensations in the abdomen;
Nausea, possibly vomiting;
Reduced body temperature;
Slow heart rate;
Decreased pressure;
Lack of appetite;
Drowsiness;
Slight constriction of the pupils;
Pallor of the skin;
The skin is damp and cold.

If you notice symptoms of poisoning in a child, you should urgently call an ambulance., which will provide professional assistance and eliminate the symptoms of overdose. Carrying out treatment at home is unsafe for the child’s health.

Treatment

Treatment of poisoning consists of eliminating symptoms. If symptoms of naphthyzine poisoning are detected in children, the first thing to do is stop taking the medicine and call a doctor. The doctor should tell how the drug was taken and in what dosage.

It happens that the baby took the medicine himself; such cases occur if the medicines are in full view of the children's eyes. Therefore it is advisable to put everything medical supplies out of the reach of children.

First aid

While you are waiting for an ambulance, the main thing is not to panic and not to pass on your panic state to your child. First of all, you should monitor the child’s condition, provide him with a comfortable position, move him to the bed and calm him down.

Actions:

Ensure that the child remains conscious;
Provide your child with plenty of fluids. Cooled boiled water with a volume of up to a liter or more is suitable for this;
In case of poisoning, it is forbidden to give milk to children, as this promotes rapid absorption of the medicine into the blood;
Check your breathing and monitor your heart rate;
Wrap the baby in a blanket or blanket to keep him warm;
Monitor your pulse.

Naphthyzine poisoning is increasingly occurring, the main reasons being incorrect administration or use of medications that have expired. It is necessary to monitor the expiration date and throw away all drugs that are already spoiled and buy new ones. Otherwise, much larger sums will be required for treatment than for new drops.

Degrees of overdose

The presence of various symptoms. Naphthyzine overdose has three degrees of severity.

In the first degree of overdose, there is no need to hospitalize the patient and call an ambulance. Symptoms disappear after stopping the medication. This degree is called mild.
With moderate severity, there is no need to hospitalize the child either. Parents can independently help the baby, stop taking the medication and monitor the patient’s condition. If the symptoms go away, then there is no need to call a doctor.
The most dangerous degree– heavy. In this case, you need to immediately call an ambulance and put the child in the hands of specialists. In this case, hospitalization is mandatory.

Treatment of poisoning should first begin with eliminating the symptoms and stopping the drug.

Can Naphthyzin be used for children?

Naphthyzin is effective drug, which in short time constricts blood vessels, belongs to the group of selective adrenergic agonists.

Parents often ask whether children are allowed to use the drug? It is allowed, provided that the correct concentration of the solution is selected and the dosage is observed. The drug for children is produced in the form of a 0.05% solution, a 0.1% solution is contraindicated for children; this dose causes poisoning in children.

Instructions

The drug should not be used by children under one year of age. After a year, naphthyzine is prescribed by a doctor, subject to strict adherence to the dosage. The dose of the drug for children is 1-2 drops of 0.05 naphthyzine solution in each nasal passage, this dosage promotes the release respiratory tract and makes breathing easier.

Naphthyzin causes the body to become addicted to the drug and the medicine stops working. Increasing the dose does not increase the effect of the drug, but, on the contrary, increases the risk of naphthyzine poisoning (in children this process occurs much faster than in adults, since the body is still quite weak and cannot fight poisoning).

Due to rapid addiction, children can use the medicine no more than once every 7 hours. The effect of the drug begins within thirty minutes.

Since a plastic bottle causes errors in the dosage of the drug and leads to an overdose and subsequently to poisoning, the use of a pipette to maintain the exact dose is considered effective. This way you can see how much of the drug you have taken.

In order not to cause addiction in the child, you should alternate the use of naphthyzine with other similar medications, for example pinosol, aquamaris.

Nazivin represents liquid solution, related to clinical – pharmacological group decongestants, vasoconstrictors for...

Nazivin is a liquid solution belonging to the clinical and pharmacological group of decongestant, vasoconstrictor drugs for local (nasal) use. Active substance(oxymetazoline) helps relieve nasal congestion, making breathing easier. The advantage of the product is the lack of absorption into the bloodstream and systemic exposure.

Therapeutic effect

Oxymetazoline, the main active ingredient, is an imidazoline derivative and belongs to the stimulants of alpha adrenergic receptors located in the vascular layer of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses.

Local use of the drug promotes narrowing blood vessels, due to which swelling of the mucous membrane is eliminated. As a result, breathing becomes easier for rhinitis, sinusitis and other diseases due to the opening and expansion of the excretory canals of the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavities, eustachian tubes. A similar mechanism stimulates drainage function, which significantly reduces the likelihood of developing bacterial complications.

Oxymetazoline has an antiviral effect. Active substance suppresses the activity of pathogenic viruses that cause colds and runny nose.

Release forms and chemical composition

The drug is presented in the form of nasal drops or spray various dosages- for adults and children. Clear solution either has no color at all, or is painted in a faint yellowish tint.

The following are used as auxiliary components:

citric acid monohydrate;
sodium citrate dihydrate;
benzalkonium chloride;
glycerol;
purified water.

Drops are supplied in a glass or plastic bottle with a molded or separate pipette. Spray - in a plastic container with a mechanical sprayer.

The drug is available without a prescription in the form of nasal drops of 5, 10 ml, as well as in the form of a spray in a 10 ml bottle.

Indications for use

The use of Nazivin is advisable for the following pathologies:

acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, accompanied by a runny nose;
allergic rhinitis;
vasomotor rhinitis;
sinusitis.

The drug is also prescribed to prepare the nasal mucosa (eliminate swelling) before diagnostic studies.

Restrictions and contraindications for use

The main contraindications include:

individual intolerance to the components of the drug;
children under 1 year of age (for Nazivin at a dosage of 0.025%);
up to 6 years (for a dose of 0.05%);
angle-closure glaucoma;
atrophic rhinitis.

Admission restrictions apply to patients with the following diseases:

hypertension;
atherosclerosis;
tachycardia;
diabetes mellitus;
glaucoma;
coronary arteries;
hyperthyroidism;
pheochromocytoma.

Nazivin should be prescribed with caution to pregnant and lactating women. When using the product, the attending physician must evaluate and compare the benefits for the mother's body with the potential risks for the child.

Common Adverse Reactions

Nazivin is well tolerated, with the exception of rare cases when patients noted a burning sensation and drying of the nasal mucosa, which was mainly associated with an overdose.

Among side effects you can note:

reactive hyperemia;
itching in the nasal cavity;
frequent sneezing;
feeling of tightness in the bridge of the nose.

Rarely observed:

frontal headache;
increased heart rate;
increased blood pressure;
prostration;
sleep disturbance.

If such symptoms appear, use of the drug should be suspended until the true causes of deterioration in well-being are determined.

Interaction with other medications

monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs);
tricyclic antidepressants.

A vasoconstrictor pharmaceutical reduces the rate of absorption of anesthetics local impact(Lidocaine).

Combination with products that have similar pharmacological properties, increases the likelihood of an overdose of Nazivin and the development of pronounced adverse reactions.

Therapeutic doses

There is a special dosage for children depending on age:

under 1 year, starting from 5 weeks - 0.01% solution, a few drops 2 - 3 times a day;
from 1 to 6 years - 0.025% 1 - 2 drops 2 - 3 r. per day;
over 6 - 0.05% according to a similar scheme.

Adults are prescribed the same dosage (0.05% solution) or 1 to 2 intranasal injections several times a day.

The duration of the treatment course is determined by the therapist, based on the severity of the condition, the characteristics of the disease, on an individual basis. Treatment, as a rule, lasts no more than 7 days, since then the intensity of the therapeutic effect decreases.

Clinical picture of overdose

Exceeding the recommended doses of Nazivin usually occurs by accident. Either by putting an excess amount of product into the pipette, or as a result of intense pressure on the sprayer. Atypical use also occurs - orally, orally or, mistakenly, as eye drops.

Overdose has characteristic signs:

nausea;
rarely vomiting;
the appearance of shortness of breath;
constriction of the pupils;
cyanosis;
hyperthermia;
disturbances of heart rhythm and contraction frequency;
increased blood pressure;
collapse;
pulmonary edema;
respiratory function disorders.

Most victims of Nazivin overdose experience:

depression of the central nervous system, manifested by general malaise, apathy, pathological drowsiness, decreased body temperature;
from the cardiovascular system - bradycardia, arterial hypertension;
mental disorders, hallucinations;
coma.

At untimely application behind medical care pathological phenomena can rapidly progress and lead to sudden cessation of breathing.

First aid at home

The first thing that needs to be done to help a victim of an overdose of Nazivin is to provide access fresh air And horizontal position. To make breathing easier, you should free your neck from compressive elements. You also need to call a medical team as quickly as possible and wait for their arrival.

In case of an overdose of Nazivin as a result of oral administration, the following is carried out:

gastric lavage clean water or a weak solution of potassium permanganate (the total volume of liquid is at least 1 liter);
taking enterosorbents (activated carbon - 1 tablet for every 10 kg of weight, Polysorb and other absorbent drugs - according to the instructions);
taking a saline laxative (for example, magnesium sulfate).

Drinking plenty of fluids will help you cope with poisoning faster. Arriving qualified specialists should be informed about the expected excess of the dose and the method of use of the drug.

Qualified medical care

There are three degrees of severity of Nazivin overdose depending on the intensity of pathological manifestations.

The first degree (mild) in most cases does not require hospitalization. The condition stabilizes after stopping the use of vasoconstrictor drops.
Moderate, or second, degree is characterized by more severe symptoms. As a rule, emergency procedures, such as gastric lavage and drinking plenty of fluids, can eliminate the manifestations of poisoning. Improvement occurs after a longer period of time. Physician supervision is recommended. Hospitalization is not required if the condition is satisfactory.
In case of severe Nazivin poisoning, the victim is taken to the hospital, where intensive care aimed at eliminating symptoms. Treatment is selected individually in each specific clinical case.

Conclusion

Overdose of Nazivin is a common phenomenon, especially among children. Independent use by a child, erroneous use as eye drops or accidental overdose of the drug administered can cause significant, sometimes irreparable harm to health. With absence emergency assistance Serious complications may develop, including falling into a coma and even death.

Can a child be poisoned by Naphthyzin? Yes maybe. Even the simplest and safest-looking nasal drops can lead to serious consequences and harm the child’s health. Drug poisoning in children is not uncommon. Poisoning with vasoconstrictor drugs occurs especially often, due to the selection and use of medications by parents independently without a doctor’s prescription, also due to an incorrectly calculated dose of the drug and its incorrect storage.

During colds, runny nose, allergies, teething, there is a need to give drops to children. Parents use Naphthyzin because the drug has a quick effect, removes swelling of the nasal mucosa, and clears the respiratory passages.

In recent years, the number of Naphthyzin poisonings has increased. Mothers are increasingly going to the hospital with similar poisonings in their children.

Naphthyzin, like other drugs, has side effects not only with long-term use, but also with short-term use. Sometimes symptoms of poisoning occur even with a single use.

The main reasons why there is an increase in drug poisoning:

Naphthyzin is produced in plastic bottles up to 20 ml. Due to such packaging, it is possible to make a mistake and take the wrong dosage, because during one press on the bottle the dose can increase up to ten times;
Parents often make a mistake and buy a 0.1% solution of the drug, but they should use a 0.05% solution;
Failure to follow the instructions for using the medicine. Let’s say the instructions indicate that naphthyzine can be used for children older than one year, but in practice it turns out that parents have been using it since the baby’s birth.
Price for the drug. The cost of the drug is very insignificant, compared to other drops, the price is very meager, about 10 rubles, which is why the medicine is popular, but the price may increase in the future, then you will have to fight for the health and life of the child.

Symptoms

General weakness of the body;
Bad mood;
Dizziness and headache;
Painful sensations in the abdomen;
Nausea, possibly vomiting;
Reduced body temperature;
Slow heart rate;
Decreased pressure;
Lack of appetite;
Drowsiness;
Slight constriction of the pupils;
Pallor of the skin;
The skin is damp and cold.