Treatment of bronchitis in adolescents with folk remedies. Bronchitis in children: causes, symptoms and treatment

Bronchitis occurs when the lining of the bronchi becomes inflamed, caused by viruses or bacteria. In infants - as a complication of acute respiratory viral infections or diseases of the upper respiratory tract. It manifests itself primarily as a cough - first dry, then wet.

A pediatrician should make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment. What does it consist of, and how else can parents help their child?

Features of the treatment of bronchitis in infants

In young children (up to one year old), bronchitis is dangerous because it can quickly turn from acute to chronic and even complicated by pneumonia.

Most dangerous form bronchitis in infants is bronchiolitis - spread of inflammation to the small bronchi due to viral infection . The baby's condition worsens sharply, his shortness of breath increases and cyanosis occurs.

In no case should you hesitate to call a doctor if the baby is less than a year old or has a fever (above 38 degrees), shortness of breath, bluish lips and nails, severe nonproductive cough. In such a situation, immediate hospitalization is necessary.

Before the ambulance arrives, parents' help will consist of relieving cold symptoms

1. It is necessary to create optimal temperature and humidity using heaters and humidifiers, ventilate the room by going with the child to another room.
2. If the temperature is low and there are no allergic reactions, make breathing easier crumbs can be lubricated with warming creams and ointments.
3. To soften a cough, you can hold your baby in your arms over the steam. from a container with a hot, weak salt solution (but this is only if the child does not have a fever!).
4. Let your baby drink as much as possible to avoid dehydration. . When weaning from the breast or bottle, drink pure water from a teaspoon - little by little, but often.

At the hospital, the child will be prescribed a number of medications and procedures.

• Inhalation and oxygen breathing to get rid of signs of respiratory failure.
• Preparations with interferon.
• Antihistamines to relieve swelling and avoid allergic reactions to medications.
• Rehydrants for dehydration.
• Antibiotics - only if there is a need for them. Usually Augmentin, Sumamed, Amoxiclav, Macropen, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone are prescribed.

How to treat acute bronchitis in children after one year?

Severe forms of the disease will also require hospitalization. Children older than one year can be treated outpatiently for mild forms of the disease, following the regimen and doctor’s recommendations.

To successfully overcome the disease, you will need to take a number of necessary measures

• Neutralize the cause of infection - viruses, bacteria or allergens.
• Relieve puffiness respiratory tract.
• Reduce the viscosity of sputum for its better recovery.
• Relieve dry hacking cough .

Parents should know what can and should be done at home

1. The basis of treatment for bronchitis is to adhere to bed rest, and drink plenty of warm drinks every 30-40 minutes (teas, fruit drinks, herbal decoctions, boiled milk with honey and butter, Borjomi, rosehip infusion).
2. The room where the baby is located must be warm (20-220 C), but well ventilated. To maintain the required humidity of 70%, it is necessary to carry out frequent wet cleaning without chlorine-containing products, use a humidifier or wet towels on radiators. Eliminate passive smoking. Continue walking only after the fever has subsided; you can also “walk” at home, wrapping the baby in a blanket, sitting open window or windows for 10-15 minutes.
3. All medications are assigned exclusively individually.
4. Additional events (distracting and calming) can be used only in the absence of contraindications and discomfort in the baby. A good help in treatment will be effleurage massage and baths with decoctions of anti-inflammatory herbs (in the absence of fever). Again, all this is done only in the absence high temperature and on the recommendation of a doctor!
5. During illness it is recommended adhere to a strict dairy-vegetable fortified diet hypoallergenic diet. Meals are fractional, food should have enough calories.

What will the doctor prescribe?

1. Medicines that relieve moist cough(may be assigned, but not required)

• Mucolytics to thin mucus— Ambroxol (Fervex, Lazolvan), Acetylcysteine, Bromhexine; mandatory when prescribing antibiotics.
• Expectorants for removing sputum from the bronchi- Pertussin, Mucaltin, herbal products (use marshmallow, anise, elecampane, thermopsis, licorice, plantain). It is not prescribed to infants due to the possibility of a gag reflex and increased coughing.

2. Remedies for dry, non-productive cough : Stoptussin, Sinekod.

3. If necessary, broad-spectrum antibiotics . They are prescribed with caution if there is suspicion of bacterial origin infections and for babies up to six months - to prevent pneumonia. In other cases, according to the famous pediatrician E. Komarovsky, they do not reduce, but increase the risk of various complications - allergies, dysbacteriosis and the formation of resistance of microorganisms to the drug.

4. Paracetamol syrups that reduce inflammation and fever - at elevated temperatures.

5. Drugs to enhance immunity and fight viruses - vitamin C, echinacea, Bronchomunal, Aflubin, Umkalor, Anaferon, products with interferon.

Pharmacy medications should be given on a schedule at the same time of day. You should not mix several medications - keep a diary and note the intake of all medications.

• Carrying out inhalations using specially designed devices - steam, oil inhaler or nebulizer. For the procedures, saline solution, mineral water, soda solution, and essential oils are used.
• Steaming the legs and rubbing them with warming ointments - if there is no fever or allergies.
• Warm compresses with sunflower oil on the back and right side breasts Placed in the evening when there is no temperature.
• Vibration massage chest . It is prescribed when a wet cough appears; it is not used in the acute period of the disease or during fever. The child is placed on his tummy so that his head is lower than his legs. The skin is stroked and then beaten from bottom to top towards the spine for 8-10 minutes. After the procedure, the child must clear his throat, so massage should not be given to very young children.
• Turn babies from one side to the other more often - this will cause sputum movement and a reflex cough.
• Breathing exercises : “Blow up the balloons” and “Blow out the candles.”

Obstructive bronchitis in young children, what to do?

If, during bronchitis, a significant accumulation of mucus causes blockage of the bronchi, the cough becomes hoarse, and breathing “whistles,” then the child’s condition is already quite serious and requires urgent treatment.

The primary task is to restore bronchial patency

1. Try to calm yourself and calm your baby , since when excited, respiratory failure intensifies. Age-appropriate sedatives can be used.

2. Do not refuse hospitalization, the hospital will help your child!

• Will do inhalation using a nebulizer or ultrasonic inhaler. Obstruction is effectively and quickly relieved with a mixture of salbutamol and glucocorticoid hormones. Possible use mineral water, alkaline soda solution, essential oils and medicinal herbs (if there are no allergies), drugs for thinning phlegm. Up to 2 years of age, inhalations are used only in cases where the child is not afraid of the device, does not cry or escape from his hands.
• They will let you “breathe” with humidified oxygen.
• In case of severe dehydration and intoxication will appoint infusion therapy with intravenous administration of bronchodilators.
• Will carry out medical therapy according to the basic scheme with the use of antibiotics, expectorants, antihistamines, antipyretics, immunostimulating and antiviral drugs, physiotherapy and vibration massage.

Important! Antibiotics are prescribed only for bacterial infections. In case of obstruction due to allergies or a virus, the use of antibiotics is contraindicated.

Regime, hygiene, diet, drinking plenty of fluids and additional actions of parents - breathing exercises, vibration massage to facilitate the passage of mucus, compresses are the same as for acute bronchitis.

It will be useful additional conduct postural massage - tapping the baby's back in the morning. The baby is placed on his tummy (the head should be lower than the legs) and tapped with the ribs of the palms cupped for about 10 minutes. Then the child needs to cough.

Besides, You are allowed to walk for an hour a day, dressing for the weather , away from roads (so as not to breathe dust and exhaust fumes) and places where many children play (so as not to provoke excessive excitement).

Folk remedies for treating bronchitis in children

You can apply rubbing with baked onions and bear or badger fat , cabbage-honey cakes, steam the legs with mustard or infusions of sage, chamomile, St. John's wort, mint in water at a temperature not exceeding 40⁰C.

Prohibited methods of treatment for bronchitis in children under 2 years of age

Bronchitis in children under 2 years of age requires parents to take a balanced and responsible approach to treatment. It should be remembered that some actions can lead to a sharp deterioration in the child’s condition.

What not to do?

1. Unauthorized changes in medication dosages and carry out treatment longer than prescribed.
2. Use unverified " folk remedies» , especially for infants and children with a tendency to allergic manifestations. External agents are tested by applying cotton swab or a disk on the skin behind the ear or in the elbow, internal - on the tip of a teaspoon. In case of any negative reactions in a child, it is prohibited to use the product during the day.
3. Bathing baby in the bath . The respiratory muscles in children are immature, and the process of coughing is difficult. When steaming, clots of sputum in the bronchi “swell” even more and it becomes much more difficult to cough them up - the baby wheezes and suffocates, choking on liquid.
4. Contraindicated at elevated body temperature wrapping, rubbing with ointments with a warming effect and baths. Such procedures increase fever and can be harmful.
5. Carry out physiotherapeutic procedures V acute period diseases.
6. Use rubbing any warming ointment or balm, inhalation with essential oil and other products with strong odors, apply mustard plasters. In children under 2 years of age, they can lead to allergic reactions and bronchospasm.
7. Give your child up to one year of age expectorants . These drugs dilute mucus, but act only in the upper respiratory tract, not reaching the bronchi. The baby's larynx and nose are further clogged, making it even more difficult for him to breathe.
8. Give codeine-containing medications to infants.
9. Use medications in aerosol form - this can lead to a spasm of the glottis, and the baby will begin to choke.

Timely treatment will definitely give quick results, and the baby will delight you with good health and cute pranks.

Bronchitis is a disease that, according to modern medical statistics, is one of the most common pathologies of the respiratory system. This disease can occur in people of any age. But in children, especially small ones, it occurs most often and is usually more severe than in adults. Therefore, it is important for parents to know the main symptoms of the disease and methods of its treatment.

In most cases, bronchitis is caused infectious causes, which is why the term infectious bronchitis is quite common.

Although there are cases of non-infectious origin of this disease.

What is bronchitis?

Bronchi are one of the most important parts respiratory system person. When you inhale, air passes through the larynx and trachea, then enters the branched system of bronchi, which deliver oxygen to the lungs. The terminal portions of the bronchi directly adjacent to the lungs are called bronchioles. When you exhale, the products of gas exchange formed in the lungs, primarily carbon dioxide, exit back through the bronchi and trachea. The surface of the bronchi is covered with mucus and sensitive cilia, which ensure the removal of foreign substances that enter the bronchi.

Thus, if the patency of the bronchi is impaired for some reason, this can negatively affect the respiratory process and, as a result, cause insufficient oxygen supply to the body.

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. This disease most often affects children due to their weak immunity and underdeveloped respiratory organs. The incidence of the disease in children is quite high. Statistics say that per thousand children a year there are up to two hundred diseases. Children under five years of age are most often affected. And most cases are recorded in the autumn-winter period, during outbreaks of various acute respiratory diseases.

Bronchitis in a child is divided into several types according to the degree of development:

• simple (catarrhal),
• obstructive.

Bronchitis is also divided according to the nature of its course into:

• spicy,
• chronic.

We can talk about chronic bronchitis in children when the patient suffers from this disease for about three to four months a year. A type of bronchitis in children is also bronchiolitis - inflammation of the bronchioles.

Obstructive bronchitis is a type of bronchitis in children, in which severe narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi occurs due to mucus accumulated in them or bronchospasm.

Bronchitis in a child can also affect either individual branches of the bronchial tree, or all branches on one side, or affect the bronchi on both sides. If the inflammation spreads not only to the bronchi, but also to the trachea, then they speak of tracheobronchitis; if it spreads to the bronchi and lungs, then they speak of bronchopneumonia.

Causes

The respiratory organs of children are not as well developed as those of adults. This circumstance is the main reason that bronchitis is much more common in children than in adults. Disadvantages of the respiratory system in children include:

• short airways, which facilitates the rapid penetration of infection into them;
• small lung volume;
• weakness respiratory muscles, which makes it difficult to cough up mucus;
• insufficient amount of immunoglobulins in the cells of the mucous membrane;
• tendency to tonsillitis and inflammation of the adenoids.

In the vast majority of cases, bronchitis in a child is a secondary disease. It occurs as a complication of upper respiratory tract disease - laryngitis and tonsillitis. Bronchitis occurs when bacteria or viruses enter the lower respiratory tract from the upper respiratory tract.

However, primary bronchitis, that is, a disease in which the bronchi are primarily affected, is not excluded. Most experts believe that purely bacterial bronchitis does not occur very often, and viruses (influenza, parainfluenza, rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenoviruses) play the main role in the occurrence and development of the disease.

Bronchitis in a child, accompanied by a bacterial infection, is usually more severe than viral bronchitis. Bacterial bronchitis often leads to the formation purulent discharge from the bronchi, the so-called purulent sputum. Bacteria that cause damage to the bronchi usually include streptococci, staphylococci, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, Haemophilus influenzae, and pneumococcus.

Children of different age groups are affected by different types of bacteria with unequal frequency. Bronchitis caused by mycoplasma is most often observed in children school age. But in children under one year of age, this is usually chlamydial bronchitis caused by pneumonia chlamydia. Also, with this disease, children under one year of age often experience an extremely dangerous form of the disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus.

Primary bacterial bronchitis in children is also possible. It is usually caused by aspiration of small objects and food by small children. After coughing foreign bodies usually leave the respiratory tract. However, the bacteria that get inside settle on the bronchial mucosa and multiply.

Much less often than viruses and bacteria, bronchitis in children can be caused by fungal infections and other microorganisms.

There is also a type of bronchitis called allergic bronchitis. It is observed as a reaction to some external irritant - medications, chemicals, dust, pollen, animal hair, etc.

Factors contributing to the development of bronchitis in children are:

• low level of immunity;
• hypothermia;
• sudden changes in temperature;
• excessively dry air, especially in a heated room, which helps dry out the mucous membranes of the respiratory organs;
• vitamin deficiencies;
• passive smoking;
• long-term stay in a close group with other children;
• concomitant diseases, for example, cystic fibrosis.

Bronchitis in children under one year of age occurs relatively rarely. This is due to the fact that the child does not communicate with peers, and therefore cannot become infected with viruses from them. Bronchitis in infants can be caused by factors such as prematurity and congenital pathologies of the respiratory organs.

Acute bronchitis in children, symptoms

Bronchitis in children has characteristic symptoms, distinguishing it from other respiratory diseases. The first sign of bronchitis in children is a cough. However, cough can also occur with other respiratory diseases.

What kind of cough usually occurs in children with bronchitis?

At the onset of bronchitis in children, symptoms include a dry and nonproductive cough, that is, a cough that is not accompanied by sputum production. The positive dynamics of treatment is primarily indicated by a wet cough. The sputum may be clear, yellow, or green.

Acute bronchitis in a child is also accompanied by fever. But its significance in this type of disease is relatively small in the vast majority of cases. The temperature is only slightly higher than low-grade and rarely rises to +39 ºС. This is a relatively small indicator compared to the temperature associated with pneumonia. With catarrhal bronchitis, the temperature rarely exceeds +38 ºС.

Other symptoms of bronchitis in children include signs of general intoxication:

• headache,
• weakness,
• nausea.

Breastfed babies usually sleep poorly and do not suckle milk.

Bronchitis in children can also be indicated by the nature of wheezing in the chest area. With catarrhal bronchitis in a child, scattered dry rales are usually heard when listening to the chest.

With mycoplasma bronchitis, the child has a high temperature, but there are no symptoms of general intoxication.

Since bronchitis in a child affects the lower parts of the respiratory tract, symptoms indicating damage to the upper ones (runny nose, sore throat, etc.) are usually absent. However, in many cases, bronchitis is also accompanied by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, so diseases such as pharyngitis, rhinitis and laryngitis do not exclude the simultaneous presence of bronchitis as a complication.

Bronchitis in children accompanied by tracheitis may be indicated by a feeling of heaviness or pain in the chest.

Bronchiolitis and obstructive bronchitis in children, symptoms

The symptoms of obstructive bronchitis and bronchiolitis in children are somewhat different than with the catarrhal form of the disease. By the way, many experts do not distinguish between bronchiolitis and acute obstructive bronchitis in children.

Symptoms for these variants also include cough and fever. But with bronchiolitis and obstructive bronchitis in children, symptoms of respiratory failure are added to them: increased respiratory rate, blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle. Breathing becomes noisier. The abdominal muscles are also involved in the breathing process. There is noticeable retraction of the skin in the intercostal spaces when inhaling.

With obstructive bronchitis in children, symptoms also include characteristic wheezing, noticeable when listening to the chest. Usually the wheezing is wet and whistling. Sometimes they can be heard even without a stethoscope, at a distance. Exhalation in this form of the disease is prolonged.

With obstructive bronchitis in children under one year old, a sign of shortness of breath is a respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute or more, in children aged from one to 2 years - 50 breaths per minute or more, in children 2 years and older - 40 breaths per minute and more.

With bronchioliosis, shortness of breath can reach even higher values ​​- 80-90 breaths per minute. Also, with bronchiolitis, tachycardia and muffled tones in the heart may be observed.

Diagnostics

When diagnosing, doctors must first determine the type of bronchitis (catarrhal or obstructive) and its etiology - viral, bacterial or allergic. You should also separate simple bronchitis from bronchiolitis, which is more serious illness, and from pneumonia.

Obstructive bronchitis with respiratory failure should also be differentiated from bronchial asthma.

Diagnosis uses data obtained from examining the patient and listening to his chest. During hospitalization, the child may have a chest x-ray, which will show all pathological changes in the bronchial structure and lungs. Methods are also used that determine the volume of air passing through the bronchi, and sputum examination to search for pathogens (bacterial culture, PCR analysis).

Blood and urine tests are also taken. In a blood test, attention is paid to the level of ESR, as well as the leukocyte formula. Change total number leukocytes in the direction of increase (leukocytosis) is a sign bacterial infection. A relative decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukopenia) with a simultaneous increase in the number of lymphocytes (lymphocytosis) may indicate viral infections. However, with recurrent bronchitis, an attack of the disease may not be accompanied by changes in the composition of the blood. Types of examinations such as bronchogram, bronchoscopy, and computed tomography may also be performed.

Prognosis and complications

With timely treatment of bronchitis detected in children, the prognosis is favorable and the risk of complications is minimal. However, inflammation of the bronchi is a long-term illness, and the child’s complete recovery, especially younger age may take several weeks. It is important to prevent the transition of simple bronchitis to more severe forms - obstructive bronchitis and bronchiolitis, as well as to even more severe and dangerous disease- pneumonia.

It should be kept in mind that obstructive bronchitis in children can be life-threatening. This is especially true for young children. The fact is that as a result of blocking the lumens of the bronchi with secreted mucus or as a result of their spasm, suffocation can occur.

Under certain circumstances, bronchitis can develop into diseases such as chronic bronchial asthma, recurrent bronchitis, which, in turn, can cause chronic bronchitis.

If the infection spreads throughout the body, it is possible that dangerous complications such as endocarditis and kidney inflammation may develop. This point may arise in cases where the treatment is chosen incorrectly for children. This happens extremely rarely, since the disease is clearly diagnosed, but this possibility cannot be excluded.

Acute bronchitis in children, treatment

Treatment of bronchitis in children is a complex process that requires long-term therapy. And here you can’t do without a doctor’s recommendations, since the disease can occur in various forms, and treatment methods in individual cases may differ radically.

Treatment of children for bronchitis can be aimed both at the causative agents of the disease (etiotropic treatment) and at eliminating those that are unpleasant for the child, dangerous to health, and even sometimes life-threatening symptoms (symptomatic treatment).

At the same time, alternatives drug treatment No.

It should be borne in mind that treatment of obstructive bronchitis and bronchiolitis is usually required in a hospital setting.

Etiotropic treatment of bronchitis

For viral bronchitis, etiotropic therapy, as a rule, is not used. However, in the case of bronchitis caused by the influenza virus, etiotropic drugs can be used:

For bronchitis caused by ARVI viruses (rhinoviruses, adenoviruses, parainfluenza viruses), there is no etiotropic therapy, and therefore treatment is symptomatic. In some cases, immunomodulatory drugs are prescribed:

However, these drugs can be used only in exceptional cases, with very weak immunity, since they have many side effects.

In case of a bacterial form of the disease, as well as in case of a threat of transition of viral bronchitis to a more complex, bacterial form, antibiotics are prescribed. The type of antibiotic is selected based on the type of pathogen. It should be noted that it is not recommended to practice antibiotic therapy on your own, since in case of viral and especially allergic bronchitis, it will not lead to any positive result, and can only complicate the course of the disease. Most often, antibiotics of the penicillin and tetracycline series, macrolides, and cephalosporins (amoxicillin, amoxiclav, erythromycin) are used in the treatment of bronchitis. For mild and moderate cases of the disease, as well as in school-age children, medications are prescribed in tablets. In severe cases of bronchitis, as well as in young children, parenteral administration is often used. But if the patient’s condition improves, it is possible to switch to tablet forms of antibiotics.

In case of suspicion of bacterial bronchitis, the prescription of a specific drug is done by choosing the most suitable one. It is determined by the doctor based on the combination of features of the course of the disease, as well as on the results of studying the patient’s medical history. The positive dynamics of drug therapy already three to four days after the start of treatment is a signal that the chosen tactics are correct and the treatment of bronchitis in a child continues with the same drug. Otherwise, the prescription is reviewed and other medications are prescribed.

The duration of taking antibacterial drugs is a week in the case of acute bronchitis and two weeks in the case of chronic bronchitis.

The etiological treatment of allergic bronchitis involves eliminating the agent causing the allergic reaction. It could be animal hair, some kind of chemical (even household chemicals), dust.

Symptomatic treatment of bronchitis

In the acute form of bronchitis, treatment, first of all, should be aimed at eliminating inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchi and the cough it causes. It should be borne in mind that coughing itself is a protective reaction of the body, seeking to remove foreign agents from the respiratory system (it doesn’t matter whether they are viruses, bacteria, allergens, or toxic substances). For this purpose, the epithelium produces a large amount of sputum on the walls of the bronchi, which is then expelled through coughing. The problem, however, is that very viscous bronchial secretions are difficult to cough up. This is especially difficult for young children with their weak lungs and respiratory muscles and narrow airways. Accordingly, in very young children, treatment should be aimed at stimulating coughing.

To facilitate this process, mucolytic and expectorants. Mucolytic drugs ( ACC, Ambrohexal, Bromhexine) thin the mucus and make it more convenient for coughing.

• diluting sputum and increasing its volume (acetylcysteine);
• secretolytics (bromhexine and derivatives, carbocysteine), facilitating the transport of sputum.

Expectorants (Ascoril, Gerbion, Gedelix, Prospan, Doctor Mom) facilitate the removal of mucus from the respiratory tract during coughing. Among this group of drugs, preparations based on plant components (licorice roots, marshmallow, elecampane, thyme herb) are often used.

The third group of drugs are antitussives (codeine). They block the activity of the cough center of the brain. This group drugs are prescribed only for long-term, fruitless dry cough. As a rule, a dry cough is characteristic of the onset of the disease. But with active sputum formation, antitussive drugs are not prescribed, since blocking the antitussive center makes it impossible to remove sputum from the bronchi.

Mucolytic drugs are also prescribed with caution, primarily direct-acting drugs (cysteines) in young children (under 2 years of age), due to the risk of increased production of sputum, which a young child cannot effectively cough up due to the imperfection of his respiratory system.

There are also drugs that expand the lumen of the bronchi and relieve spasm (Berodual, Eufillin). Bronchodilators are available in the form of tablets or aerosols for inhalers. They are usually not prescribed if the bronchi are not narrowed.

Another group of drugs are drugs with a complex effect - anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator. An example of such a drug is fenspiride (Erespal).

Soda and soda-salt inhalations can also be used as anti-inflammatory drugs.

From the above it follows that treating a cough is a complex process that has many nuances and prescribing cough medications to a child independently, without consulting a doctor, is unjustified and can lead to a worsening of his condition.

Antipyretic, painkillers and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (paracetamol, ibuprofen) or their analogues (Efferalgan, Theraflu) are recommended to be given to children only when the temperature rises above a certain limit (+38 ºС - +38.5 ºС.). Low-grade fever (up to +38 ºС) does not need to be reduced. This is a normal physiological response of the body to infection, relieving immune system fight with her. Medicines such as aspirin and analgin are contraindicated for young children.

For severe inflammation, your doctor may also prescribe hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs. If bronchitis is of an allergic nature, then antihistamines are prescribed to reduce swelling of the bronchial epithelium.

Non-drug treatments

However, you should not think that medications alone can cure your child’s bronchitis. It is necessary to follow a number of recommendations regarding the creation necessary conditions for recovery.

First of all, it is worth increasing the amount of water consumed by the child - approximately 2 times compared to the norm. As the temperature rises, dehydration occurs, which must be compensated for. In addition, water is required in order to quickly remove toxins from the body. It should also be taken into account that with rapid breathing accompanying obstructive bronchitis in children, fluid loss through the lungs increases, which requires increased rehydration measures.

The drink should be warm enough, but not hot. Hot drinks can only burn the larynx, but will not bring much benefit. Jelly, fruit drinks, juices, teas, warm milk, and rosehip decoction are good options.

If a child has bronchitis, he should remain in bed. However, it should not be strict, since constant stay in bed may cause congestion in the lungs and bronchi. It is important that the child has the opportunity to move. If the child is small, then you can regularly turn him from side to side. When the condition improves and the air temperature is high enough, walks are even recommended, since fresh air has a beneficial effect on the bronchi.

Special mention should be made about the temperature in the room where the child is. It should be neither too low nor too high. The optimal range is +18 ºС-+22 ºС. Too high a temperature dries out the air, and dry air, in turn, increases inflammation of the bronchi and provokes coughing attacks. Optimal indicator The humidity in the room is considered to be 50-70%. Therefore, periodic ventilation is necessary in the room where the patient is located.

Is it worth using the previously popular mustard plasters and jars? Currently, many doctors doubt the high effectiveness and safety of such methods for bronchitis in a child. At least they are not recommended for children under 5 years of age. However, in some cases, mustard plasters can help alleviate the child's condition. It is only important to remember that they cannot be placed on the heart area. If there is a need to put mustard plasters on small children, then they should be placed not directly, but wrapped in diapers.

Banks and mustard plasters, however, are contraindicated in purulent form bronchitis caused by a bacterial infection. The reason is that heating the chest can contribute to the expansion of the purulent process to other parts of the bronchi. For the same reason, warm baths and showers are contraindicated for bronchitis. Previously popular steam inhalations are not recommended.

However, in case of bronchitis detected in a baby, inhalations using nebulizers may be prescribed. Warming your feet in a bath is also helpful.

Treatment in a hospital setting

Very dangerous complication bronchitis is obstructive bronchitis in children, the treatment of which is carried out, as a rule, in a hospital. This is especially true for children who show signs of heart failure.

When diagnosing obstructive bronchitis, children in a hospital are treated with oxygen therapy, removal of mucus from the respiratory tract with an electric suction, intravenous administration bronchodilators and adrenomimetics.

Diet for bronchitis

A diet for bronchitis should be complete, contain all the vitamins and proteins necessary for health, and at the same time easily digestible, not causing rejection in conditions of intoxication of the body. Dairy products and vegetables are most suitable.

Massage for bronchitis

For bronchitis in children, parents can independently conduct a course of chest massage. However, this procedure is best carried out when the dynamics of the main therapy are positive. The purpose of the massage is to stimulate the child's coughing process. This procedure can be useful for children of any age, but especially for infants.

The duration of the procedure is 3-5 minutes, the number of sessions is 3 times a day for a week. The massage is done very simply: using hand movements along the child’s back from bottom to top, as well as gentle tapping movements with palms or fingertips along the spine. The baby's body should be in a horizontal position at this time.

Folk remedies

Many folk remedies have long been successfully used in the treatment of bronchitis. However, they should only be used with the permission of the attending physician. It should be borne in mind that many herbal components included in folk remedies can cause allergic reactions.

Folk remedies include taking various herbal decoctions, drinking breast milk, and inhalation. Hot milk with honey, radish juice with honey (for dry cough), decoctions of calendula, plantain, licorice, coltsfoot and coltsfoot help well with bronchitis.

Chest herbal teas for acute bronchitis

What herbal remedies are most effective for bronchitis? You can use the collection with coltsfoot, plantain, horsetail, primrose (component ratio (1-2-3-4), herbal tea with licorice root, marshmallow root, coltsfoot leaves, fennel fruits (2-2-2-1).

Juices from plant components for acute bronchitis

The following recipes are also suitable for acute bronchitis. They can be used as an effective expectorant:

• Carrot juice with honey. To prepare it you need to use a glass carrot juice and three spoons of honey. It is best to take 2 tablespoons three times a day.
• Plantain juice with honey. Both components are taken in equal quantities. Take one teaspoon three times a day.
• Cabbage juice. Sweetened cabbage juice can also be used as an expectorant for bronchitis (you can use honey instead of sugar). Take a tablespoon three to four times a day.
• Infusion of marshmallow root. It is prepared as follows. Marshmallow root is ground into powder. Take a glass of water for 5 g of powder. The powder dissolves in water and settles for 6-8 hours. Take the infusion 2-3 tablespoons three times a day.

Other treatments for bronchitis

Methods such as breathing exercises (inflating balloons, blowing out a candle), some physiotherapeutic methods (electrophoresis, UHF therapy, UV irradiation) may also be useful in the treatment of bronchitis. Physiotherapy can be used as a treatment method to improve the patient's condition.

How quickly can bronchitis go away?

Acute bronchitis, especially in children, is not one of the diseases that goes away on its own. To defeat him, the child’s parents will have to make a lot of effort.

Treatment of acute bronchitis, unfortunately, is a slow process. However, bronchitis of a simple, uncomplicated form should proper treatment pass in one to two weeks. Otherwise, there is a high probability of bronchitis developing into chronic form. Relapses of bronchitis in the event of the development of a recurrent form of the disease can have an even longer course - 2-3 months. The cough usually lasts two weeks; with tracheobronchitis, the cough can be observed for a month in the absence of other symptoms of the disease.

Adenoviral bronchitis and bronchitis caused by bacterial infections usually have a longer course than bronchitis caused by other types of pathogens.

Prevention

As a preventive measure for bronchial inflammation effective methods are:

• hardening,
• prevention of hypothermia,
• increasing immunity,
• complete nutrition.

The child should not be allowed to be in a smoky room. If there are smokers in the family, then smoking in the presence of a child is also unacceptable. In addition, it is necessary to promptly treat acute respiratory diseases and influenza in a child. After all, bronchitis is often one of the complications of influenza and ARVI.

To prevent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis during remissions, sanatorium treatment is recommended. Children with chronic bronchitis You should dress according to the weather and avoid overheating, which can cause increased sweating.

There are no specific vaccinations against bronchitis, although you can get vaccinated against some bacteria that cause bronchitis in children, as well as against the influenza virus, which is also the root cause of the disease.

Is bronchitis contagious?

Contrary to popular belief, bronchitis itself is not a contagious disease. The fact is that bronchitis is a secondary disease that appears as a result of complications viral infection. Thus, these are contagious viral diseases, and not bronchitis itself. As for bacterial bronchitis in children, it is usually caused by bacteria that normally live in the respiratory tract of any person and exhibit pathological activity only under certain conditions, for example, during hypothermia or decreased immunity.

Treatment of bronchitis in a child is a complex and responsible task. Therapy should be carried out only after examination by a doctor, in strict accordance with his recommendations. The course of treatment is selected individually for each child, it depends on the symptoms and severity of the disease. Cough must be treated completely, as in children it quickly becomes chronic.

Acute bronchitis in children 2 years old can occur under the influence of ARVI, bacterial infection (with weakened immunity), various allergens and toxins (chemicals).

The most common is the first cause of the disease. At the diagnostic stage, it is extremely important to determine the cause of the cough, since the therapy performed will depend on it.

Treatment of bronchitis after ARVI in children aged 2 years is aimed at clearing the respiratory tract of mucus, as well as eliminating infection and non-productive dry cough.

Rules for treating a baby at home

If a child aged 2 years develops a severe form of the disease, he may need hospitalization. It is possible to treat a small patient at home only with mild forms of bronchitis. In this case, parents need to strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations and give the baby all the medications prescribed by the pediatrician. Be sure to stay in bed and drink plenty of fluids (every 30-40 minutes). By safe means

for a 2-year-old child are milk with butter and honey, herbs in the form of decoctions, rosehip infusion, tea, etc. At the recovery stage, you can use badger fat for rubbing. The room where the baby is located should be well ventilated, but at the same time warm enough (20-22 degrees).

In the acute phase of bronchitis, it is not advisable to take a child outside; “walks” can be done at home. To do this, you need to wrap the baby in a blanket and stand with him near an open window for 10-15 minutes. The nutrition of sick children 2 years old should be fractional and high in calories. Milk and dairy products, vitamin-rich vegetables and fruits are recommended for consumption. At the same time, you need to ensure that the baby does not have a food allergic reaction (this is especially true for babies who are allergic to milk and dairy products).

Additional measures can also be carried out if the child has no contraindications to them (for example, high temperature). You can use badger fat for rubbing, anti-inflammatory herbs for baths and effleurage massage.

A flatbread made from potatoes and mustard will help reduce coughing. It should be applied to the chest of a 2-year-old child as a compress.

Medicinal antitussives The main treatment for children aged 2 years is prescribed by a doctor. It usually involves the simultaneous use of several medications with different spectrums of action.

1. This approach to treatment will not only reduce cough, but also eliminate the cause of its occurrence:
2. Medicines that relieve wet cough. Some are divided into two groups, the first of them are mucolytics, which thin the sputum (Ambroxol, Bromhexine, Lazolvan, Fervex, Acetylcysteine). They must be given to the child during antibiotic therapy. The second group is drugs that remove mucus from the bronchi: Mucaltin, Pertussin and herbal preparations containing anise, licorice, marshmallow, thermopsis, elecampane, plantain, etc.
3. Drugs that eliminate dry cough (Sinekod, Stoptusin). Antibiotics wide range
4. actions. It is recommended to give such drugs to children 2 years old only if the infection is of bacterial origin. In other cases, the use of antibiotics can lead to complications such as dysbiosis, allergies, or the development of viral resistance to the drug. To wash down antibiotics, you can use both warm water and milk, which in itself is an excellent folk remedy for treating bronchial diseases.
5. Antipyretic syrups with paracetamol (prescribed if a cough is accompanied by an increase in body temperature).

Give the child the medications prescribed pediatrician, must be strictly on schedule. It is undesirable to take one drug together with another, so experts advise parents to keep a special diary for taking medications.

Healing procedures for babies

Bronchitis in a 2-year-old child can be treated not only with medications, but also by medical procedures, which are an excellent addition to the main therapy. The most popular procedures are:

1. Inhalations, which are carried out using nebulizers or inhalers (oil, steam). The inhalation product must be safe for children 2 years of age and hypoallergenic. Most often, procedures are carried out with soda or saline solution, mineral water or essential oils.
2. Rubbing with warming ointments (products containing badger fat are especially popular), as well as steaming the feet. These measures can be taken if the child does not have a fever.
3. Warming compresses on the back and chest. This could be, for example, a compress with sunflower oil or a potato-mustard cake. This remedy is also used only at normal body temperature.
4. Breathing exercises. You can get children interested in this procedure by asking them to imagine that they are blowing out birthday candles or inflating balloons.
5. Vibration breast massage. It is indicated if the baby has a wet cough, but is not recommended for use in the acute stage of the disease. The baby should be placed on his stomach, with his legs higher than his head. The skin of the back should be stroked and then lightly patted from the bottom up, towards the spine. The duration of the massage is 8-10 minutes. After it is completed, the child must clear his throat.

Although all these procedures for bronchitis seem quite safe, before treating children with their help, you need to consult with your local doctors.

Treatment of an emergency

If the baby’s bronchi are blocked with a large amount of mucus, the cough becomes hoarse, and the breathing becomes wheezing, this means that bronchitis has become obstructive, and therefore requires immediate treatment. The first thing you should do is call ambulance, and while waiting for doctors, take some measures.

The first step is to restore bronchial patency. If the baby is very excited, then his respiratory failure may worsen. In this case, he needs to be given some age-appropriate sedative. You can also do inhalation with an alkaline soda solution, medicinal herbs or essential oils. This will help thin the mucus.

In the hospital, children 2 years old with this form of the disease are given inhalations with salbutamol and glucocorticoid hormones. This mixture allows you to quickly relieve the obstruction. The baby can also be given specially prepared humidified oxygen to breathe. If a young patient develops intoxication and dehydration, he will be treated with bronchodilators (intravenously). If necessary, antibiotics, antipyretic, antiallergic, expectorant and immunostimulating drugs will be prescribed.

Parents can speed up the recovery of children with bronchial obstruction. To do this, they must strictly monitor the baby’s daily routine, diet and hygiene. Drinking plenty of fluids is mandatory (it is best to drink warm milk or medicinal herbs in the form of decoctions), breathing exercises, massage to promote the removal of mucus, as well as compresses.

During the recovery stage, you can use badger fat for rubbing. Walking in the fresh air for no more than an hour a day (away from the roadway and places where children gather) will also be useful.

Folk remedies in the fight against bronchial diseases

Folk remedies have long helped fight various diseases. Their indisputable advantages include naturalness and a minimum number of possible side effects. Remedies for bronchitis in children traditional medicine help reduce inflammation of the bronchi and make the cough less intense. Moreover, such drugs can be used as an auxiliary rather than primary therapy.

Thus, children can benefit from cabbage and honey cakes, compresses with sunflower oil and honey to warm the chest, bear or badger fat, as well as baked onions as rubs. But such procedures can only be carried out if the child has a cough due to normal temperature bodies. A child can soak their feet in an infusion of St. John's wort, chamomile sage, mint or mustard solution. In this case, the water temperature should be no more than 40 degrees.

It should be remembered that badger fat, milk and many herbal remedies They help not only cure the current disease, but also strengthen the immune system, and, therefore, reduce the risk of diseases in the future. If there is no allergy, a 2-year-old child can be given herbal decoctions (linden, mint, chamomile, coltsfoot, calendula) to drink. Pharmacy breast milk and warm milk with honey and soda are also effective.

If bronchitis is accompanied by very severe cough, then the child should be given carrot or cabbage juice, garlic juice added to water or milk in the amount of 1 drop, as well as onion or black radish juice with sugar. It is recommended to put aloe juice in your nose. For the obstructive form of the disease, lingonberry juice with sugar or honey, warming compresses with potatoes, salt or buckwheat porridge are used.

Prohibited methods of treatment

Children's acute bronchitis often becomes chronic or occurs with complications due to mistakes that parents make when treating children at 2 years old. To prevent a sharp deterioration in your baby’s condition, you should avoid the following actions:

1. At your own discretion, adjust the dosage of medications or change the duration of the treatment course.
2. Use unproven traditional treatment methods. This is especially dangerous for those children under 2 years of age who are prone to allergic reactions. A new topical product (such as badger fat) should be tested before first use. To do this, apply a small amount of it with a cotton swab to the skin in the area of ​​the baby’s elbow or behind the ear, and observe the reaction throughout the day. Testing of products for internal use is carried out as follows: the child is given the test product on the tip of a teaspoon. If the product causes a negative reaction from the body of a small patient, then it is forbidden to use it.
3. Bathe your child in a bathtub with hot water. The respiratory muscles of a 2-year-old child are still immature, so when steaming, the mucus in the bronchi increases in size, and it becomes even more difficult to cough it up.
4. Carry out physical procedures and use badger fat for rubbing during the acute period of the disease.
5. Use medications containing codeine.
6. Use badger fat for internal use. This product contains a lot active substances, therefore, in children under 6 years of age it can cause severe allergic reactions when taken orally. Badger fat for rubbing must be heated before use, as it is stored in the refrigerator. Using a cold remedy can aggravate an existing disease.
7. Treat coughs with warming balms or aerosols, apply mustard plasters and inhale drugs with strong odors. All these manipulations can cause bronchospasm in a small patient.

Bronchitis is a pathological inflammatory process that develops in the bronchial wall under the influence of provoking factors - viral or bacterial agents. Due to the cumulative effect of provoking factors and the emergence of favorable conditions for further growth, reproduction and spread of microbes in the bronchial tree, bronchitis appears.

The main symptoms of the disease are the presence of intoxication in the child’s body (increased body temperature, headache, nausea, lack of appetite, weakness, lethargy, apathy, drowsiness), the appearance of a dry cough, unproductive or wet with sputum discharge and shortness of breath.

Favorable conditions for the development of the inflammatory process in the bronchi include:

• hypothermia of the body;
• poor nutrition;
• lack of vitamins (hypovitaminosis, vitamin deficiency);
• decreased immunity;
• frequent acute inflammatory diseases in other organs of the child;
• exacerbation of chronic processes.

Treatment of bronchitis comes down to prescribing several groups of medications, which are selected based on the action of the provoking factor (virus or bacteria) and the presence of corresponding symptoms (fever, dry or wet cough and shortness of breath). Conservative treatment in conditions of improvement of well-being, it should be supplemented with physiotherapy, courses of which are carried out for another 1 - 2 weeks after the cessation of the main symptoms.

Also, to alleviate the child’s condition, traditional treatment is prescribed using decoctions and infusions of herbs, applications to the chest area and rubbing using badger, goose or pork fat.

Conservative therapy

Bronchitis should be treated with medications on the first day of the onset of the disease. The choice of drugs depends on the manifestations of the disease themselves.

In the presence of high body temperature (up to 40 0 ​​C), severe symptoms of intoxication and scant manifestations of damage to the bronchial tree - a slight dry or unproductive cough with the discharge of clear or whitish sputum, antiviral drugs are prescribed, since presumably, based on the child’s symptoms, this bronchitis was provoked viral infection.

The most effective antiviral drug in children with bronchitis is human recombinant interferon– Laferobion, which has an immunostimulating and immunomodulatory effect by stimulating an increase in the level of immunocompetent cells ( mast cells, leukocytes, lymphocytes, plasmacytes, basophils, antibodies) in the blood. It is prescribed to children under one year old, 150,000 IU 3 times a day in the form of rectal suppositories, to children from 1 to 2 years old, 500,000 IU 3 to 4 times a day. It is best to treat with this drug for 3 to 5 days.

If there is a slight body temperature, the child is in relatively good and active condition, along with severe symptoms lesions of the bronchial tree, which are characterized by an intense cough with the discharge of yellow or greenish viscous sputum with unpleasant smell and shortness of breath, indicate the presence of bronchitis bacterial nature and in this case it is prescribed antibacterial drugs wide spectrum of action.

Azithromycin (Sumamed) is the drug of choice for bacterial bronchitis, as it is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and additionally affects protozoal and intracellular infections. The drug is available in tablets and syrup, which allows it to be prescribed even to infants. You need to take the medicine once a day. Treat with the drug for no more than 3 days.

Bronchitis in a child is often accompanied by severe manifestations of intoxication, which can be stopped and help improve well-being by drugs such as:

Ibuprofen (Nurofen), which has antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Prescribed for children under 2 years of age rectal suppositories 1 candle 2 times a day, for children from birth to 12 years in syrup:

For children over 12 years of age in chewable tablets or capsules. Treatment with this drug is allowed for no more than 7 days.

Children's paracetamol (Panadol) has an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect, improves the well-being of a child with bronchitis. Prescribed in drops rectal suppositories and syrup for children under 12 years of age, over 12 years of age in capsules. This remedy must be taken 3 – 6 times a day. You can treat with the drug for no more than a week.

Citrulline malate (Stimol) is a general tonic that has detoxifying activity and normalizes metabolic processes in the child's body. Prescribed 1 sachet, which must first be dissolved in ½ glass boiled water, taken 2 times a day for 10 days.

In order to relieve cough and improve sputum discharge, mucolytic drugs are prescribed.

Mucolytic drugs are prescribed when a child develops a dry or wet cough. Coughing is a reflex to the entry of foreign bodies (dust, pollen, food, water) into the bronchi or excess accumulation of mucus (sputum) in them. The drugs eliminate cough by acting on cough center in the brain, as well as due to the dilution of sputum and stimulation of the motor activity of cilia on the surface of the bronchial epithelium, which additionally helps to cleanse the lumen. The cough first becomes unproductive, then productive, and after 5–7 days of taking the drugs it completely disappears.

Ambroxol (Ambrobene, Flavamed, Lazolvan) in drops and syrup is prescribed from 1 year, in tablets from 12 years 3 times a day. Treat for at least 10 days. There is also Lazolvan for children, adapted only for inhalation using a nebulizer. It can be used by children from birth.

Acetylcysteine ​​(ACC) is used to thin the mucus in children over 4 years of age who suffer from cough. The drug is available in tablets and sticks with dosed powder, which must be dissolved in ½ cup of boiled water. Acetylcysteine ​​200 mg is taken 4 times a day, 400 mg 2 times a day and 800 mg 1 time a day for 10 days. One of the most pronounced and frequently occurring side effects of this drug are stomach pain and heartburn, as medicine contains acid.

If your child develops shortness of breath (shortness of breath at rest) or shortness of breath that is associated with mild to moderate physical activity, bronchodilators are prescribed.

Salbutamol - has a relaxing effect, which is aimed at the smooth muscles of the bronchi. It is used in children from one year of age in the form of aerosols, in children under one year of age in the form of nebulizer inhalations only on demand, that is, at the moment of suffocation. The medicinal effect of the drug lasts from 30 minutes to 2 hours, and begins its action immediately after the aerosol hits the walls of the bronchial tree.

Drinking plenty of fluids helps reduce the symptoms of intoxication. For children, these can be teas, heated fruit drinks, milk, compotes and herbal decoctions. Some herbs, along with detoxifying activity, help eliminate the cough reflex and improve phlegm production.

St. John's wort, string, chamomile, sage and plantain are taken in equal proportions. The herbs are ground using a coffee grinder or blender to a powdery state. 2 tablespoons of the herb are poured into a glass of boiling water and infused for 10 minutes. Children should be given this remedy warm, 1/3 cup 3 times a day. One dose of tea leaves is enough per day. You can treat with these herbs for 1 – 2 weeks. On average, cough in children goes away within 4 to 5 days.

Licorice root, marshmallow root, cranberry, viburnum and rose hips are ground in a meat grinder. Pour 4 tablespoons of the resulting mixture into a liter of boiled water and bring to a boil over the fire. The broth is allowed to simmer over low heat for 15 minutes and then covered with a lid and allowed to brew. It is recommended to take this remedy 2 times a day, ½ cup. For a child, add 1 tablespoon of honey to the decoction before use. Honey is used to improve taste and is a natural antioxidant, the purpose of which is to strengthen the protective properties of the child’s body (immunity). The cough becomes much less after 3 to 5 days of taking the decoction.

Milk, especially cow's milk, is used in children when a severe, debilitating cough occurs. Milk can calm the cough reflex, which in patients with bronchitis worsens in the evening and at night, making it difficult to rest and disrupting sleep. Milk also contains a large amount of protein, fats and vitamins that nourish the child in conditions poor appetite during intoxication and thereby strengthen the body and help fight pathological microbes.

Boiled cow's milk is heated well, but not brought to a boil, add ½ teaspoon to 1 glass of milk baking soda and the same amount of butter. To improve the taste of the resulting mixture, use honey, 1 teaspoon per 1 glass. If cow's milk is unavailable, goat's milk can be replaced.

This remedy should be given to a child with bronchitis at night, already in bed. You need to drink in small sips for 5 to 10 minutes. After taking the product orally, the cough completely calms down within 5 minutes.

One of the methods traditional treatment are chest rubs. Rubbing stimulates blood flow in the lung tissue and, as a result, cleanses bronchial tree from microbial agents, which significantly speeds up the healing process of children. Rubbing also has a warming effect, which makes it possible, albeit for a short time, to relieve children from coughing.

The most effective rub for children with bronchitis is badger fat.

Badger fat is subcutaneous fat that is rich in organic and inorganic amino acids, unsaturated fats and vitamins.

Badger fat has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunostimulating effects.

The versatility of this product lies in the fact that it can be used both externally and taken internally.

Badger fat is used externally in children who suffer from a dry or unproductive cough with a warming function. Badger fat also stimulates blood circulation in the lung tissue and eliminates congestion in the bronchi of medium and small caliber.

When used externally, badger fat is applied at night to the skin of the chest and back with light massaging movements in a thin layer and rubbed into the skin until a film forms on it. After this, the child's body is wrapped in a blanket.

Badger fat is used internally to improve immunity, which is also important for children with bronchitis.

The product should be given 1 dessert spoon (10 ml) 2 times a day. Badger fat is best taken with meals, since the predominance of the substances it contains are fat-soluble, and healing effect, thus more pronounced.

Badger fat can be used externally in children over 1 year of age and internally for children over 6 years of age. According to doctors, badger fat did not produce any significant side effects when taken orally or used externally.

Applications for the chest

Applications or lozenges on the chest and back are used to calm coughs and improve blood circulation in the bronchi of children.

The cake with honey is used for children over 1 year of age. Honey, sunflower oil and flour are mixed in equal quantities. The mixture is applied to the skin of the chest and back, then wrapped in polyethylene or tracing paper, covered with a terry towel on top.

Flatbread with mustard is used for children over 6 years old. Mustard powder is mixed with warm boiled potatoes and spread on the skin of the back, covered with tracing paper and a terry towel on top.

Applications are performed overnight. The child is treated in this way for no more than 3–4 days.

Physiotherapy

• inhalations with aromatic oils;
• chest massage;
• electrophoresis - introduction through the skin of the chest using an electric current
• medicines;
• heating using low-frequency electric currents and magnetic fields.

Video: Bronchitis, bronchitis in children, acute bronchitis in children

When a child is sick, Special attention focuses on the effectiveness and safety of treatment. Traditional methods of treatment often combine these two requirements, and therefore are widely used for children.

How to quickly cure bronchitis in a child at home? What products can be used, and can similar products be used to treat pneumonia?

The inside of the bronchi is lined with a mucous membrane, which is extremely important for the normal functioning of the respiratory tract. If the mucous membrane becomes inflamed, bronchitis occurs. This can be facilitated by the ingress of various particles into the air:

1. Dust.
2. Allergens.
3. Viruses.
4. Bacteria.
5. Toxins.

Normally, trapped particles accumulate on the mucous membrane and are expelled from the body with a cough. When the concentration of infectious agents exceeds the norm, the following occurs in the bronchi:

1. Edema.
2. Inflammation.
3. Excess mucus production.

According to the nature of the course, the following types of bronchitis are distinguished:

1. Spicy. Symptoms of the disease increase quickly and subside within a week. In acute bronchitis, the immune system copes well with infection and inflammation, and complications rarely occur.
2. Chronic. The symptoms last quite a long time, but are less pronounced than with acute bronchitis. This form is rarely diagnosed in children.
3. Obstructive. Often occurs in children under 7 years of age. Severe swelling of the mucous membrane and difficult to separate sputum narrow the lumen of the bronchi, leading to respiratory failure. The drug is prescribed in cases where a coughing attack causes suffocation.

Treatment of bronchitis in children with folk remedies is most effective at the first symptoms acute form. To get rid of obstructive cough, as a rule, folk remedies are not enough. The same applies to the treatment of pneumonia. Acute bronchitis, on the contrary, is a condition when the body can cope without medications, and help from folk recipes will be very helpful.

The first symptoms of bronchitis

Most often, bronchitis is a consequence of ARVI, which could not stay in the nasopharynx. The first symptoms may include:

1. Irritability or fatigue in the child.
2. Dry cough that later becomes wet.
3. Possible increase in temperature.
4. Sore throat, runny nose.
5. Increased sputum production, coughing in the morning.

At the first symptoms, it is not recommended to immediately run to the pharmacy for medications. It's better to use one of folk recipes which are given below. Such procedures will help quickly eliminate symptoms and will be absolutely safe for the child.

If pneumonia is suspected, on the contrary, it is necessary to consult a doctor to prescribe the right drug . Typically this is complex therapy, which includes an antibiotic (Azithromycin, Amoxicillin, Sumamed, Amoxiclav) and drugs that help cleanse the respiratory tract (Erespal, Lazolvan).

Rules for parents

Parents need to adhere to the following rules:

1. That's right (virus and runny nose or the child is frozen).
2. Even if the child is in good general health, his physical and emotional stress should be reduced. Bed rest or quiet walks outside are recommended.
3. Maintaining optimal climatic conditions– air temperature about 20 degrees, humidity 60%.
4. When you have a fever, you cannot do warming procedures.
5. Antitussives are more dangerous than expectorants. The cough should not be stopped, but its cause should be eliminated.
6. You can lower your temperature without medications using recipes made from diaphoretics - linden, raspberries, elderberries, raisins.

If you cannot identify the cause yourself or are in doubt, do not risk your child’s health - call a doctor! A competent specialist will tell you how to cure bronchitis as quickly and safely as possible.

Treatment

Very often, folk remedies help get rid of the infection at the very beginning of the disease. Complex composition useful substances, which are found in foods of plant and animal origin, contribute to recovery in several ways:

1. Raises the body's own defenses.
2. Reduce the inflammatory process.
3. They have a detrimental effect on the cause.

Regardless of whether the child is 12 years old or 2 years old, most folk recipes have only a positive effect on the body, unlike pills. The most effective folk remedies are:

When treating a baby, it should be taken into account that the sensitivity of the skin is much higher. Massage should be done with minimal effort, and external products should be spread in a thin layer.

Recipes

With propolis. Frozen propolis should be grated and heated in a water bath with butter. The mixture is filtered and taken three times a day, adding 1 teaspoon to warm milk.

Coniferous. The chopped pine needles are poured with boiling water, infused, sugar is added and cooked until thickened. The result is a very tasty syrup, which is taken several times a day in a tablespoon.

With chocolate. A very effective and tasty mixture for the treatment of bronchitis consists of: aloe, badger fat, chocolate, honey. The ingredients are heated and mixed until smooth. Take 1 tbsp. spoon three times a day.

Onion syrup. 100 g of onion are covered with sugar and left overnight. In the morning, the mixture is pounded into puree and filtered. Take several times a day in small portions.

Onions and honey. A mixture of onion juice and honey has a good bactericidal effect. Children under 8 years old mix 1 teaspoon of each ingredient, over 8 years old - a dessert spoon. The mixture can be further diluted with 50 ml of water.

Honey cake. Prepare a mixture of flour, honey and mustard, and form two flat cakes. Then they are placed on the chest and back, wrapped in something warm. The compress warms up the bronchi well and effectively fights infection.

Potato flatbread. You need to boil and crush 4 potatoes, add soda and form 2 cakes. One is placed on the chest, the second on the back. You need to hold it until the cakes have cooled, and then wipe the skin dry and put the child to sleep.

Honey-vodka compress. The child's chest is smeared with honey, covered with a cloth soaked in vodka and water, cellophane is placed on top and dressed warmly. Leave it overnight.

Mustard plaster with oil. Vegetable oil heated in a frying pan to 50 degrees, mustard plasters are dipped into it and applied to the chest and back area. The child is insulated from above and the compress is left until the morning.

Castor oil. Prepare a mixture of 2 tbsp. spoons castor oil and 1 tbsp. spoons of turpentine. The mixture is heated and rubbed onto the child’s feet, chest and back.

Prevention

Bronchitis can be easily avoided by maintaining local and general immunity at a high level.

Optimal climate and air humidity will help avoid drying out of the mucous membrane and accumulation of sputum. Cool and moist air helps well with spasms of the respiratory tract, eliminating the need to take Berodual for bronchitis